Standard mistakes in the construction of log houses. Instructions for assembling a house from a rounded log Do-it-yourself log house
A wooden house is a separate category of construction. Its smell takes us back to childhood, and the atmosphere that is created inside fills us with comfort and gives us a feeling of calmness and serenity. It is easy to live in log houses, they maintain a comfortable climate, and their environmental friendliness is good for health. In order to obtain all these effects upon completion of the building process, it is necessary to understand how to properly build a house from a log house and what features it has.
A log house built according to all the rules will become a real fortress until the owners
Choice of material: rounded log house or planed (chopped) log
All log houses are divided into 2 types of buildings:
the buildings planed log, that is, those that have been processed manually;
buildings that are built from rounded logs.
In order to understand how to properly build a house from a log, it is necessary to have an idea not only of the external difference between the 1st warrant and the 2nd, but also of the constructive one.
"Wild felling"
The history of architecture tells us that all the log houses that were erected before the end of the 19th century were built from a “wild felling”. This meant that the future building material was handled by hand. Freshly sawn logs were stripped of bark, while the bast layer should remain intact. It was he who protected the wood and its deep layers from moisture. This provided the log house with reliable protection against mold and mildew, and increased their "service life" at times.
The main feature of the "wild log" house was its bright and expressive form. Non-cylindrical beams gave such individuality. A sawn log tends to taper from bottom to top. After processing the wood with tools, such a difference in the size of the diameter still remained. The further from the end, which was located at the roots, the thicker the log.
Houses from a "wild" log completely bring its owners closer to nature
A tall tree can be cut and cut into multiple logs. Sometimes it turns out 2 building elements, but it would be ideal to get 3-parts.
The classic rule for dividing a bar as follows:
1 log - butt... This is the part that is closer to the roots;
2 logs - friend... This is the middle part of the timber;
3 bar - tretyak or top... Accordingly, this is the last part of the log that came up to the top.
For the construction of the house, 1 part was used - the butt. The log house in this place was the thickest, had high strength and the smallest change in diameter. And in order to compensate for the differences that remained, the timber, when laying the walls, alternated: in one row the butt “looks” in one direction, in the next in the opposite direction.
When laying a bar, each top of the logs lies on the previous one with the opposite side
But, despite such opportunities to simplify the construction of a house from a chopped tree, it is worthwhile to approach the selection of building materials very carefully. After all, you need to reproduce an even and solid structure from logs of different diameters. And this is not an easy task for them.
The construction technology itself has remained practically unchanged since those times. Houses are built in the same way: a "wild felling" of different diameters is adjusted as close to each other as possible. It should be noted that houses built in this way are elite and differ in price. This is dictated by a certain complexity and laboriousness of the process. Indeed, after the construction of the frame, the house should stand from 1 to 2 years. During this period, it will "sit down" in height up to 10%. This factor should also be taken into account when designing. So, in addition to spending time and effort on the selection of building materials, it will take a lot of time and patience to see the result.
In the completed house, the position of the logs in relation to each other is visible
Rounded log
A rounded frame is a planed log in an industrial environment. On the machines, the tree is brought to an ideal state: it becomes smooth and even along its entire length. On special machines, all the necessary grooves for fastening are cut out in the bar. At the same time, the dimensions are adjusted to the millimeter, which minimizes the inconvenience during construction. Building a house with such a log is like collecting a children's designer.
Rounded logs are made of approximately the same size
For all its convenience, the rounded log house has its drawbacks. Perfect evenness in size and smoothness is achieved by removing several layers of wood. During the production process, "useful" layers (sapwood) are also removed, which protect the log from moisture, mildew and mold. Only the mature and hearty central part of the tree remains. She is not protected by anything from external factors. Under such conditions, it is necessary to additionally impregnate the timber with antiseptics, antifungal and antihelminthic drugs. The result is a beautiful and lightweight material for building a house. The downside is the low level of environmental friendliness and, oddly enough, durability.
Rounded timber walls look even and tidier
The choice of material for construction
In order to properly build a house from a rounded log, you need to know how to choose it and what material is more suitable for your region. Coniferous wood is most suitable for log houses. These are such trees as: pine, spruce, cedar and larch. But in the absence of the desired options on the market, you can use oak, ash, aspen and other hardwoods. Spruce and pine are the most affordable in the price range. For this reason, they are the most popular.
Coniferous trunks are smoother and easier to process
When choosing this type of building material, the felling period is very important. It is necessary to choose a timber that was harvested in winter. It is he who has the best moisture resistance.
The region where the tree grows is also important. If possible, opt for wood from the northern regions. This material is the most durable. Not bad options: Baltic pine and Canadian spruce. A variant of coniferous species, which was correctly harvested in compliance with all conditions and requirements, from the regions of the middle lane is also very good.
note the fact that the choice of the diameter of the timber depends not only on the design solution, but also on the climatic conditions. The main criterion is the maximum temperature in the winter season.
if in winter in your area not lower than -20 degrees- you can stop at a diameter of 200 mm;
when winter maximum -30 degrees- 220 mm;
with thermometer readings up to -40- choose a log that is not less than 240-260 mm and more.
For laying a log house, a special technique is involved, which facilitates the construction of a house
The thickness of the log for the construction of a house in the northern regions must be at least 25 cm
The main parameters of the log and its cuts are shown in the table
It is also worth noting that by choosing a timber of a slightly larger diameter than the one recommended according to the climatic zone, it perfectly compensates for temperature changes. The main thing is not to choose a material smaller than the one indicated. Despite the fact that the house will be insulated by laying a jute or linen-jute spacer between the logs, it will not be able to give the comfortable temperature that a log of the required size can provide.
Additional criteria, which you need to pay attention to when choosing a log house:
quality log yellow or dark yellow;
on the cut there should be no stains;
good stuff core dark shade and occupies ¾ of the cut;
OK, when knots absent, and if they are present, they should sit tightly without gaps. The opposite picture indicates a damaged core;
best ringing for a log - ringing. Try to hit the butt with an ax and listen to how it rings;
Availability cracks possible provided that their depth is no more than 1/3 of the log;
the beam should not be twisted: such a log during the construction of a house can only be used for laying the floor - for this it is dissolved into boards and bars.
The timber is selected according to several criteria, if at least one does not correspond to the norm, the material is changed to the desired one
Construction technology
At first glance, all houses are built in the same way. But upon careful study of this issue, certain nuances and peculiarities of construction in one way or another come to light. So the very and correct construction of a house from a log has its own distinctive characteristics.
Video description
Not knowing the technology of building a house, it is easy to make many mistakes. About them in the video:
Foundation
The main and most important element of any building is the foundation. Its depth and character depends on the ground on which the house will stand, on the nature of the material of the walls and on the number of storeys.
The log house is relatively light in weight. This quality of construction makes it possible to make the foundation shallow. Almost all options for existing types of foundations are suitable for the construction of a log house. Often they make a tape version. For difficult soils, a buried strip foundation or pile foundation is performed. You can also make a slab version.
It is worth noting that any version of the foundation should go 300-400 mm deep into the ground. After pouring it and completely drying it, it is necessary to carry out waterproofing (roofing material with mastic). This is a very important process, given that the house is made of logs.
If a strip foundation is used, it begins with the arrangement of the formwork
Walling
Upon completion of the stage of laying the foundation, they move on to the main thing - the construction of walls. It is important to know that the first crown (first row of logs) is never placed directly on the foundation. First, a "backing" board is laid. It is made of linden timber 50-100 mm thick and at least 150 mm wide. Only then proceed to the collection of walls from the rounded log house.
Embedded crown on a shallow monolithic foundation
The first crown must be cut from below. Its end should be the same width as the backing board. This is necessary in order for the house to be firmly supported on the foundation.
Logs for walls are laid in circles (crowns). First, put the logs that are parallel to each other. Then the other two sides, and the insulation is laid on top. It is attached to the log with a construction stapler and should hang around the edges by 5 cm.
Then the transverse sides of the house are laid, which will rest on the mortgage crown. And we repeat the "procedure" assembling the house as a constructor.
House assembly is carried out like a "constructor": each log has its place
Each of the logs has its own number, by which it is easy to determine where the timber should be located
Roof installation
The wooden house must not be left uncovered. After laying the last crown, you must immediately proceed with the installation of the roof. When erecting walls from wood, you do not need to lay the Mauerlat (a special retaining beam for rafters), but put the rafters immediately on the log. The recommended distance between rafters is 600 mm. It is this gap that will ensure the stability of the roof, and reduce the risk of its possible sagging.
Since the tree belongs to "living" materials, the rafters must be fastened to sliding supports. Then waterproofing is laid and after that - the crate. The step of the lathing depends on the selected roofing material. At the end, they “cover” the house with the chosen finishing material.
After the walls are erected, they begin to assemble the roof frame.
Caulking log house
Caulking a house is a separate important stage in its construction. Upon completion of the construction of the walls and roof, it is necessary to caulk all the insulation, which was first laid between the logs, inside. To do this, using a special tool, caulkers wrap the hanging 5 cm gaskets down, and then push it inside between the slots of the logs.
Having completed caulking and roofing, the house is left for a year to shrink. After a year, the caulking of the walls must be repeated. Some experts recommend carrying out the "procedure" again after a year of operating the house with the heating turned on.
The insulation laid between the bars must be hidden
After "caulking" the insulation is practically invisible, and there is no draft in the house
Installation of doors, windows, installation of ceilings and floors
Important points when installing doors and windows is that they are installed only after the house has completely shrunk and only in special casing boxes that are installed in openings in the walls.
Installation of doors and windows is carried out after complete shrinkage of the log house, with the exception of houses made of kiln-dried logs - in this case, they can be installed immediately
Such precautions are associated with the fact that the tree is a "living" building material and will completely shrink in size for another 5-7 years.
The floor is installed on logs that cut into the first, and preferably into the second crown. The crown must be well ventilated in order to be exposed to decay processes as little as possible.
After installing the entrance doors, windows and laying the floor, you can introduce a heating system, carry out communications, connect an electrician, as well as install interior doors, slopes, baseboards and install plumbing.
Wall decoration can be skipped. After all, the beauty of a log house is not only outside, but also inside. The bas-relief of slightly yellowish walls will fit into almost any interior. The main thing is to correctly emphasize the texture of the tree and complement the design with the necessary accessories. And your dream home is ready!
A log cabin in the forest above the water is a great place to relax from the bustle of the countryside
Inside the house does not require additional finishing, and natural wood can complement the stone
One-storey house made of hand-cut logs combined with stone finishes
The first floor is built of stone, the second is made of logs: this combination also looks great
Video description
How a log house can turn out, see this video:
On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of houses made of rounded logs from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-rise Country".
Conclusion
Despite the seeming simplicity of building houses from prepared rounded logs, there are a lot of pitfalls that can only be bypassed by experienced specialists who thoroughly know the technology. Therefore, the construction of the cottage must be entrusted to professionals who will not only do everything quickly and efficiently, but also give a guarantee for their work.
Wooden houses and log cottages have been popular for many years.
This is not a fashionable trend, this is an environmentally friendly home with a lot of advantages:
Pleasant coolness in the summer heat, cozy warmth in the winter cold, fresh air with a subtle scent of wood, optimal humidity - all this without additional hoods and air conditioners.
The natural and majestic beauty of natural wood allows you to save on interior decoration.
Erection of a log house and installation of a wooden house from logs in two, three months.
The strength of the rounded logs is incomparably higher than the glued material, so the house is durable.
from a log prepared in a chamber drying, does not shrink.
Technology and stages of the installation process
Time-tested construction techniques, combined with modern technologies, seem not complicated. A set of parts with connecting cups is manufactured at the factory, it remains to assemble the house like a constructor. But lack of experience and knowledge can lead to twisting of logs, crushed window frames or the appearance of mold in the house.
Installation of a wooden house from logs, the opinion of practitioners:
1. Antiseptic backing boards are laid on the waterproofing of the foundation. The lower harness is not attached to the foundation.
2. Walls are assembled according to assembly drawings. The inter-row seal is fixed in the longitudinal groove before each stacking of the log
3. For fastening the crowns of the log house, use wooden pins of a square cross-section (not metal). Fastening in a checkerboard pattern, place the pins at a distance of a maximum of 1.5 meters. This will prevent the logs from shifting and provide strength to the structure.
4. Casing bars are inserted into the vertical grooves in the ends of the logs, which open onto the door and window openings. Door and window frames are attached to the casing with screws or nails.
5. Logs are spliced along the length of the cut - the joints are fastened with steel staples. This will prevent gaps and cold bridges from forming.
6. Floor beams are cut into the wall and fixed with special hangers and metal supports. The spacing of the beams and the cross-section is calculated depending on the load and the span length.
7. If a log with natural moisture is used in construction, hanging rafters are used. Inclined rafters are rigidly connected to the ridge beam and log walls. In case of uneven shrinkage of the structure, they will pull along relatively movable walls assembled on dowels.
Correct foundation for a log house
The quality of the future structure depends on a soundly and correctly laid foundation. Wooden structures are relatively lightweight. The assumed load corresponds to the bearing capacity of economical types of foundations: columnar, pile and shallow belt foundations.
Columnar is a cheap and simple type of foundation. The pillars are installed at the intersection of the walls and on the purlins.
The distance between the posts depends on the length of the run - ideally 1.5 meters, maximum 2.5 meters. From above, they are tied with a grillage.
If the house is small, the crown bar is laid directly on the insulation layer without a grillage. To make the correct foundation for a house made of logs, it is necessary to take into account the properties of the soil at the construction site. Having determined the line of groundwater, the level of freezing and the type of soil, the depth of the foundation is calculated. For clayey soil, a buried foundation is recommended, in sandy areas - a shallow foundation.
A pile foundation differs from a columnar foundation in the absence of a foundation pit. To install the piles, wells are drilled, reinforced and filled with concrete. The base of the piles goes into the non-freezing layer. In frosty winters, the soil begins to push them out.
In order to prevent pushing out, while drilling the wells in the lower part of the piles, expansion is done with the help of folding plows.
This keeps the piles in the ground in winter. Such an anchor resists the forces of tangential heaving in cold weather.
The shallow strip foundation is suitable for the installation of one-story and two-story houses on non-porous soil. To erect the foundation, you need to clear the area, remove the sod and dig a trench strictly according to the drawing of the future building. For accuracy, pegs should be done. The formwork is mounted in the trench, then the reinforcing elements are fixed. In the lower part of the trench, a sand cushion is filled up from 30 to 40 centimeters, at least 30 centimeters wide. Then the concrete mixture is poured. The height of the shallow strip foundation should be at least 80 centimeters or about 1 meter. The basement (ground part) of the foundation protrudes 50 centimeters and is equipped with ventilation holes. The outer formwork is removed after the concrete has completely hardened.
Maximum thermal insulation to save heating costs
The log house is warm, heat leaks occur due to structural failure. The main heat loss comes from the floor, ceiling, doors and windows.
Floor insulation is not difficult to do. The insulation is laid between the logs on the ground or a second floor is being built, and the insulation is laid between the floors. The cost of the first insulation option is lower, and it can be done faster. To prevent moisture from entering the ground, a vapor barrier is first laid. You can use two layers of roofing material, bend its edges onto the walls. Then put insulation - cellulose ecowool, or glass wool. There must be a ventilation gap of at least 3 centimeters above the insulation.
The thermal protection of the entire building largely depends on the condition of the ceiling. Warm air rushes upward and leaves through the non-insulated ceiling. Therefore, the ceiling is insulated with mineral wool. Depending on the climate, a 20 or 30 cm layer is laid. It is undesirable to use polystyrene, it is fire hazardous. An equally effective, but cheaper way of insulation made from natural materials: straw, hay or dry leaves mixed with lime. More attention is paid to warming the corners and edges of the attic space. A vapor barrier is laid under the insulation.
To prevent doors and windows from escaping heat, you need to eliminate cracks. It is easier to install modern double-glazed windows and double doors. A less costly option is to caulk the cracks, seal the glasses with a sealant, stick a seal on the sash, 5 centimeters of expanded polystyrene on the door leaf and cover with a decorative cloth or leatherette.
For maximum thermal insulation to save heating costs, you should pay attention to the walls. After shrinkage, gaps appear between the logs. The walls are caulked by the old-fashioned method, only with the use of modern materials. You can build a ventilated facade and insulate the walls with mineral wool.
September 1, 2017
Specialization: facade decoration, interior decoration, construction of summer cottages, garages. The experience of an amateur gardener and gardener. He also has experience in repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing guitar and much more, for which there is not enough time :)
Construction technology
The process of building a log house can be roughly divided into five main stages:
Stage 1: project preparation
The design of log cabins, in fact, does not contain any nuances. At this stage, as with the construction of any other house, you need to clearly imagine what the building will be, and then depict it on paper.
If you can't decide on the layout, take the finished house projects on our portal as a basis.
When the dimensions and layout of the future house are known, you need to decide on the type of roof. On my own I can recommend building a mansard roof. This will allow you to expand the useful area of the house by at least one and a half times, practically without increasing the cost of its construction.
When the project is ready, count the amount of materials and draw up a diagram.
Stage 2: which log to use
Before purchasing materials, beginners are usually tormented by the question - from which log is it better to build a house, rounded or chopped? The rounded log has a precise shape and diameter, in addition, there is a groove in the lower part, which simplifies the laying of logs and prevents the formation of gaps between the crowns.
Chopped or debarked logs have a lower layer of bark. Thanks to the resin that covers it, it is more resistant to moisture and decay. But on the other hand, the shape of such a log is less even, which somewhat complicates the construction. So does it make sense to build a house out of chopped logs?
It's up to you, of course. The only thing I will note is that at present there are all kinds of protective impregnations that make any wood moisture resistant and resistant to negative biological influences.
Keep in mind that in addition to logs, you will need other materials to build walls:
- Dowels for connecting the crowns of the house to each other;
- Mezhventsovy heat-insulating material.
Stage 3: erection of the foundation
The construction of a strip foundation usually takes about a third of the total budget allocated for the construction of a house. In addition, a strip foundation takes at least a month of time, or even more. Since wooden housing is lightweight, in most cases it is more expedient to build a columnar foundation.
Its principle is to erect block or brick posts on a sand-crushed stone pillow. The distance between the posts, which are installed in rows, is one and a half to two meters. From above, all the posts are connected by a grillage (beams).
For unstable soils and uneven areas, it is better to use a pile-screw foundation. The principle of its construction is even simpler - metal piles-drills are screwed into the ground, which are connected from above with beams.
The price of these foundations is an order of magnitude less than the strip base. However, they have one significant drawback - they do not allow a basement or cellar under the house. Therefore, for the construction of an underground room, you still have to make a strip foundation.
Regardless of what kind of foundation you build, be sure to make horizontal waterproofing to protect the walls from moisture.
Stage 4: building the walls
After preparing the foundation, we proceed to the main stage - the construction of the walls of the log house. The instruction looks like this:
| Illustrations | Description of actions |
 |
Laying the first crown:
|
 |
Laying subsequent crowns:
Thus, install dowels in transverse and longitudinal logs across a row.
|
 |
Cutting openings:
|
This completes the construction of the walls.
Stage 5: erecting the roof
Now you need to lay the floors and install the roof. The work should begin with the gables, which are built from logs in a "pyramid" according to the same principle as the walls. Multiple purlins should be used to connect them and reinforce the structure.
Further work is done in a standard way, i.e. as with the construction of any other house.
Output
We figured out the main points of building a log house, otherwise you shouldn't have any problems. The only thing I recommend is to additionally watch the video in this article. If you have not found the answer to any of your questions, leave it in the comments, and I will be happy to answer you.
September 1, 2017If you want to express gratitude, add clarification or objection, ask the author something - add a comment or say thank you!
The rounded log undergoes multi-stage processing, which makes it very convenient for installation: the diameter is the same along the entire length and the connecting elements are carefully designed at the production site. The services of professional builders are expensive, and it is quite possible to cope with this material on your own, therefore, assembling a log house from a rounded log with your own hands will significantly save money.
Log house types
You can assemble a rounded log house with your own hands in just a few days, but this requires the highest quality processing of the surface of the logs and connecting bowls. Therefore, it is necessary to purchase this material in large companies that have sufficient production capacity and normal technical equipment to cope with orders at a high quality level.
In order to properly assemble the log house, it is necessary to lay the processed logs according to the scheme in compliance with the construction technology. There are several options for erecting a log house:
Installation sequence
How to assemble a log house with your own hands: work begins with the creation of a project, which can be found ready-made or developed from scratch. After a place has been chosen on the site, it must be cleaned of debris and various green spaces, after which the foundation is erected. For buildings of this type, a strip base is most often chosen, which is laid along the perimeter of the house and at the locations of the partitions.
When the base is completely dry and solidified, you can proceed to the installation of walls using technology. Cylinder companies offer customers a wall kit consisting of numbered tree trunks treated with antiseptics.
How much do you collect a log house? - The work itself may take only a few days, but after the completion of construction, the building is left for a period of shrinkage. A full-fledged process takes at least a year. During this period, the building must not be heated, as due to the difference in temperature, the wood may begin to crack.
How to assemble a finished log house from a log with your own hands - the sequence of stages of work:
Knowing how to assemble a rounded frame, you can quickly build a strong and warm building that will last for many years. When the last crown has been laid and the floor beams are installed, you can proceed with the installation of the rafters and the installation of the roofing system. The wooden house goes well and looks harmoniously with various roofing materials.
Finishing
It is often said that a cylindrical structure does not need additional finishing, since the tree is beautiful in itself. This is partly true: the natural pattern and color of the wood is very attractive, and it is not worth covering them with any other materials, and the wall does not need to be leveled.
And yet, it will not work to leave a house made of rounded logs completely without finishing, since living material needs full protection from destruction: the tree is threatened by biological and physical negative factors. There are several types of finishing work:
A house made of cylindrical steel is one of the most common and demanded types of suburban construction. It can be built from ready-made elements without the involvement of professionals and thereby significantly save money. This is an excellent choice for both summer cottages and permanent residence.
Many are faced with the question of building an inexpensive house. After all, your own home is one of the main necessary vital factors.
Of the known building materials, wood is the cheapest, warmest, healthiest, providing comfortable living.
Of the inexpensive wood, pine is the most budgetary. And it is very desirable and preferable that it be harvested in winter. Such logs are less prone to deformation and decay. The diameter of the log, so that the house does not freeze in winter and is warm, needs at least 250 mm., And preferably 270 mm. But the larger the diameter, the more expensive the logs will be.
To make the house really inexpensive, you need to build it yourself. But without experience in such a business it will be difficult. And marriage, and sometimes not fixable, is unlikely to be avoided. The best option would be to order the manufacture of a log house and its assembly at the enterprise, and save money on interior finishing by doing the work yourself.
Now there are a lot of companies offering their services for the design, manufacture and installation of turnkey log cabins. Check out a few of them, listen to reviews, look at the objects they have erected and make your choice in accordance with the value for money.
Choose the project you like from the available ones, or pay for the design and calculation documentation of your individual project. Typical designs already available will be cheaper. Some enterprises charge a nominal fee for the finished project, subject to placing an order for the manufacture of a log house at their enterprise.
Each construction consists of several stages:
Foundation device
This type of work is expensive, time consuming, but it can become much cheaper if you do it yourself.
A solid, not wide foundation is needed for a wooden blockhouse. It can be of several types:
- tape, monolithic,
- columnar,
- concrete cushions,
- pile with grillage device.
On sandy, sandy soils, you can build a monolithic strip foundation. On soils where groundwater is shallow from the surface, a pile foundation with a grillage device is better suited, which acts as a reinforcing concrete beam that does not rest on the ground. In order to save money, you can make a foundation of concrete cushions at an equal distance from each other, or the most economical option is a columnar foundation. It's pretty durable too.
During foundation work, it is necessary to lay tunnels for the necessary communications or leave holes so that later you do not have to punch them in the already finished foundation.
Erection of walls of a log house
It is better to entrust such work to specialists, but if there is a desire and experience, then consulting with specialists and this work may be within your reach.
You can build the walls of a house from logs in any season. Under the lower crown, a layer of waterproofing material is laid on the foundation - for example, roofing material. And on top of it, across the foundation, they put prepared planks, pre-treated with an antiseptic solution.
The first row of logs is installed on them, leveling it in the horizontal plane according to the building level. After the correct installation of the first crown, it is necessary to place a sealing material over the entire plane of the logs. It can be of several types:
- tow,
- jute,
- PSUL,
- PPE (polyethylene foam tape with an adhesive layer), etc.
The most traditional and environmentally friendly moss, there are now many new compactors with good performance. But still, it is better to give preference to natural ones.
Between themselves, the crowns can be fastened with metal pins, or wooden pins in a checkerboard pattern.
After the installation of the log house, he is given time to sit down, from 4 to 6 months, depending on the quality and dryness of the wood. Planks are laid on the assembled blockhouse and covered with waterproof material.
Roofing
When the time for the shrinkage of the log house is over, you can make a roof. First, for laying the ceiling beams in the last, upper row of logs, cut recesses or cuts to the size of the ceiling beams. This is done after an equal meter distance, beams are laid in them and the roof is being built. On a wooden house, so that the roof does not warp, or so that it does not break any elements, it is not tied rigidly to the Mauerlat and pediments.
They assemble the roof frame, and then arrange the crate. For soft tiles, they make a continuous upholstery with OSB, and if the roof is covered with ondulin. enough crate. We recommend sheathing the battens with vapor barrier materials.
Arrangement of window and door openings
This work is done after the log house has shrunk, using a chainsaw. Window and doorways are reinforced with sieges.
The rest of the work, to reduce the cost of construction, you can do yourself:
Log processing and caulking, antiseptic processing
The logs are processed by stripping, and then grinding, using a grinder or grinder, with a different-sized emery surface. After such treatments, the appearance is significantly improved, ennobled.
Caulk the joints between the upper and lower logs, joints. This is done with bundles of various natural and synthetic materials, or pastes. Caulking is needed both outside and inside so that cold bridges do not form, and there are no cracks.
Finish with treatment with antiseptic solutions. Fortunately, now there are complex products available - “two in one”, or “three in one”, which, when applied, create, in addition to antiseptic treatment, a decorative effect, since they are also a varnish, which you save on if you use universal solutions.
Installation of windows and doors
This can be entrusted to a specialist, or you can do it yourself in order to save money.
Ceiling device
When making a ceiling in a wooden house, it is usually made of two parts: rough and clean. The draft ceiling looks like a box where insulating materials are placed. and already a clean one is attached to it. It can be made from different materials from OSB, boards, lining; suspended and tensioned. The most inexpensive will be the OSB ceiling.
Floor installation work
They imply laying a log, making a subfloor, which, like a rough ceiling, can be filled with insulating material. The finishing floor is made at will from boards or plywood, chipboard or OSB.
Electrical installation
If you do not have the skill, then all electrical work must be performed by specialists. this includes works:
- laying wires in cable channels,
- connection to the electrical panel,
- installation of switches and sockets,
- installation of lighting devices.
Plumbing installation
It is carried out with PVC pipes, metal-plastic and metal. Plumbing works consist of:
- riser devices,
- connection of devices.
Sewerage and plumbing works
If a central sewerage system is not provided on the site, then they will arrange it themselves. With a close occurrence of groundwater, one or more septic tanks are injected in to purify and filter waste products. And if the soil is with deep groundwater, you can build a cesspool from concrete rings.
A riser is laid inside the house and plumbing fixtures are connected:
- toilet bowl,
- bath,
- shells.
Interior wall decoration
It can be made whatever you want for every taste and color, from any materials that suit you. But the wood itself, sanded and coated with wax or varnish, will be very decorative for a long time. And this is the most economical option.
Experts advise to decorate the walls inside with wood panels, a blockhouse or clapboard. And in the kitchen and in the bathroom, before finishing the walls with tiles, for strength and evenness, sheets of gypsum fiber board are attached to the walls.
It is quite possible to do many types of work with your own hands. The cost savings in this case will be significant, but the construction time for an inexpensive log house in this case will be delayed. Here you need to proceed from the possibilities and desires. When aligning one with the other, prioritize in order of importance. If you need an inexpensive turnkey log house in a short time, then it would be better for all the work to be done by specialists from one enterprise, in many organizations there are discounts on a range of services. Well, if you are limited in finances, then at such enterprises there is a system of loans to pay for work, or take on your own for those types of work in which you are confident that you can handle it.
Spelling the suffixes of different parts of speech
Higher professional education
Rebus in Russian