The ruble of the ussr. Soviet jubilee rubles. Circulation, price, catalog of coins - ruble of the ussr 1 ruble of the ussr how much is our money

Many people already live in Moscow no worse than under Brezhnev. In the rest of Russia - not yet

At the request of the OPEC.ru editors, the article is commented on by Evgeny Gilbo.

Evgeny Vitalievich, there have been numerous disputes lately about how much the current standard of living is higher than the Soviet one. Official statistics claim that the economy has already reached the level of 1990 and will soon surpass it, and so will the standard of living. What can you say about this by analyzing statistics and your own experience?

Let's start with our own experience. I was then living in a large provincial town in a poor family. Father is a research engineer at a chemical research institute, mother is a doctor. Received about 160-180 rubles. Workers at the plant then received under 300. According to Soviet standards, the family did not live well.
In 1983-89 I was a student. The scholarship in the first year was 40, then - 45, 52, 70, 112.50 - I studied well, went to an increased one. I worked as an operator at the subtraction center. The work is not dusty. Salary - 120 + 50% bonus. It turned out 180. He worked on huge machines, printed statistical reports in one promotional association.
What was the then Soviet ruble? If we compare prices for goods, it will be 30-35 rubles today. If you make a discount for incomplete supply of goods (deficit) - 27-31 rubles. For transport services, it is equal to 100 Putin's rubles. A tram cost 3 kopecks, a bus and metro 5 kopecks, a Peter-Mokskva compartment ticket - 12 rubles, a Moscow-Vladivostok plane ticket - 30 rubles. For other services, it was equal to 300 Putin's rubles: a haircut in a hairdresser's - 40 kopecks, payment for housing services (taking into account the 50% subsidy that is now preserved) - approx. 3 kopecks meter. On average, the PPP for the consumer basket, taking into account changes in the price structure, can be taken as 1 Sov. ruble \u003d 100 Putin. Plus or minus thirty percent - depending on the selected assessment method.
Can today's student count on a scholarship of 11,250 rubles, even if he studies as well as me? Can he also find a dust-free hack for 18 thousand?
Let's leave the students. The average pension was then 55 rubles. - 5500 current. They did not live well, but no one begged in the garbage, as under Yeltsin (now they are begging less - 20 million have died out). Now the average salary in the Russian Federation is less than 5000.
Successful enterprises are now reaching the level of payment of the Brezhnev era - 15-25 thousand for an engineer. But hard workers 18-30 thousand are no longer paid.
If we talk about the income of entrepreneurs, then at that time entrepreneurship was considered illegal, but the police took a maximum of 15% -30% of his income from the blacksmith or shopkeeper - this despite the fact that he did not pay taxes, and then the income, as it was now - 13 %. Now the cops (under Yeltsin - the bandits) shake 30% -40% of the income from the entrepreneur, plus he has to pay 20% interest on taxes - if he uses all possible schemes to avoid them, that is, as under Brezhnev, he does business illegally. If under Brezhnev a merchant risked landing, then under Yeltsin he could be banged at any moment. If under Brezhnev the main pressure from business came from the state, then under Yeltsin a double oppression arose - the state plus the bandits. Under Putin, state oppression in the form of tax-repressive bodies was supplemented by the oppression of the finally insolent police.
The average salary under Brezhnev was 179 rubles, that is, 3.6 times higher than the current average salary in the Russian Federation. Entrepreneurial income (including the shadow sector) then added another 40-50 rubles to this. per person, now - 3000-4000 Putin's rubles. It was distributed unevenly even then.
The income of the population should also include payments for various benefits, which were then called public consumption funds. For example, then medicine was 85% financed from the budget and these funds, only 15% -16% were various kinds of gifts to doctors and payments for unofficial private practice and official private clinics. Today, the budget and insurance funds finance medicine only by 18-23%, the remaining 80% are various kinds of official and unofficial payments from patients.
In Soviet times, each person at least once every two years received a ticket to a sanatorium or boarding house, 60-85% of which was paid by the trade union. Of course, the quality of these boarding houses was significantly inferior to the current Turkish boarding houses. But twenty to thirty years ago, Turkish boarding houses were even worse, and there were no Egyptian ones at all. True, it is incorrect to compare them: today not every hard worker can afford a trip to cheap Turkey, but only successful representatives of the "middle class". The relevant gentlemen at that time went to the Crimean top-class health resorts, which are comparable to good hotels in Spain (which did not exist then - Spain then generally lived much poorer than the USSR, it rose just in the last 25 years).
Similar processes took place in education, culture, housing. Education has become paid and very expensive, despite a significant decline in its quality and archaization. In culture, only ideological services are now paid from the budget, while in Soviet times no more than 10% of the total cultural budget was allocated for this.
In the amount of payments to individual entrepreneurs in 1985 amounted to 155 rubles. per year in the USSR as a whole, or 572 rubles per person, today in the Russian Federation they amount to less than 1.5 trillion rubles in the Russian Federation, about 10,000 rubles per person - five to six times less.

That is, the Soviet standard of living has not yet been achieved?

It depends on where. Many people already live in Moscow no worse than under Brezhnev. In the rest of Russia - not yet.
Generally the monthly income of the average working Russian declined from 180 + 50 + 48 \u003d 278 Brezhnev rubles to 5000 + 4000 + 850 \u003d 9850 Putin's rubles - that is about three times... Income per capita fell from 210 Brezhnev's to 7000 Putin's - also three times.
The income from the theft from the budget was then 130 rubles per year. per person (10% of the consolidated budget for the USSR as a whole), now about 10,000 rubles. per person (40% of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation), that is, in terms of the total mass, less than 80% of what was stolen then, and in terms of the share - four times more. As well as then, of course, what was stolen from the budget was distributed extremely unevenly, falling only to the nomenklatura (then - only officials, now it included "oligarchs", as the Russian Federation now calls the heads of large, lousy business).
The exploitation of the population through the mechanism of bribes was also significantly less under Brezhnev. For example, when entering a university, bribes to the admissions committee were widespread, mainly in Azerbaijan, Central Asia and Tatarstan - 20-50% of cases of admission. In Russian universities, bribes occurred in 2-5% of cases. It may seem like a fairy tale to today's youth that I entered a prestigious university only on the basis of exam results and for five years of study, not only did I not pay a penny at the exams, but even such a thought never entered my head. Today, bribes to the selection committee take place in 80-95% of cases of admission to budgetary places in universities.
Bribes in the structures of executive power and in the police in the first half of the 80s did not exceed 5 rubles. per capita per month, that is, about 2% of total income. Now they have reached 1000 rubles. per capita per month or 15% of total income.
The level of tax exploitation of the population has also grown significantly, although it is very difficult to compare it numerically due to the fundamental restructuring of the tax system and even its concept in these 20 years. But for the average hard worker, everything in those days was reduced to 13% of income plus 1% of party dues. Today, taxes go to about 20% of family income, while the middle class even reaches 35%.

But this is Soviet data, isn't it? How much can you trust them? How comparable are they with modern ones?

You must be able to read statistics. It is helpful to consult independent statistical sources. Here is an example - Mr. Oksanov gave data from the American reference book in one of the posts on the OPEC forum Soviet Economic Structura and Performance, according to which:
1.GDP - USSR -2375 billion dollars in 1987; USA - 4.436 billion.
2. GDP per capita - USSR - $ 8363; USA -18180.
3.Production of grain - USSR -211 million tons; USA - 281 million tons.
4. Milk production - USSR -103 million tons; USA - 65 million tons.
5.Production of potatoes - USSR - 76 million tons; USA -16 million tons.
6. Oil production - USSR -11.9 million barrels per day, USA -8.3 million barrels.
7. Gas production - USSR - 25.7 trillion cubic feet; US -17.1 trillion.
8.Production of electricity - USSR -1665 billion kWh; USA -2747 billion kWh.
9. Coal mining - USSR - 517 million tons; USA -760 million tons
10.Production of pig iron - USSR -162 million tons; USA -81 million tons.
11. production of cement - USSR -128 million tons; USA - 63.9 million tons.
12.Production of aluminum - USSR - 3.0 million tons; USA - 3.3 million tons.
13.Copper production - USSR - 1.0 million tons; USA - 1.6 million tons.
14. Extraction of iron ore - USSR -114 million tons; USA - 44 million tons.
15.Production of plastics - USSR -6 million tons; USA - 19 million tons.
16. Mining of bauxite - USSR - 7.7 million tons; USA - 0.5 million tons.
17. Production of cars - USSR - 1.3 million units; USA - 7.1 mln.
18. Production of trucks - USSR - 0.9 million units, USA - 3.8 million units.
19.Construction of housing - USSR -129 million square feet; USA - 224 million sq ft.
20. Gold mining - USSR -10.6 million troy ounces; USA - 5.0 million troy ounces.
As a counterargument to American statistics, the indisputable statement was made that "according to the USSR State Statistics Committee, GNP in 1987 was 825 billion rubles, which even at the official rate of 0.6 rubles / dollar gives 1375 billion dollars, not 2375".

How can this contradiction be resolved?

It should be clarified here that the exchange rate of the USSR was the nominal value due to the significant irreducibility of the economies of the two countries. The exchange rate makes sense for an open economy when exchange mechanisms, albeit with reservations, but cover the entire economy of both issuers. The course reflected a certain acceptable ratio in a very narrow sphere of private exchanges, tourism. Even in ordinary wholesale trade, there was a system of correction factors to the exchange rate.
During the years of my work in the Supreme Economic Council of the Russian Federation, I had to deal with the work on the reduction of indicators of irreducible economies - Soviet and Western - in order to assess the parameters of structural changes that lay ahead for the Russian economy. Within the framework of this work, the purchasing power parity of the Soviet ruble against the dollar was also estimated. The ratio of prices was taken into account not only for consumer prices, but also for industrial goods, services, and so on. PPP for 1986 we got 36 kopecks. for the dollar. An alternative estimate of the American working group was 32 kopecks per dollar. The difference is insignificant - it was caused by some difference in the adopted weights. However, all researchers agreed on the PPP figure of 3 dollars \u003d 1 Soviet ruble (plus or minus 10%). Actually, when the structural restructuring of the Russian economy took place, prices rose 100 times, and the price system became comparable to the American one, the rate of 30-32 rubles per dollar was established and is now holding. So practice has shown the absolute fairness of these estimates.
Assessing the physical indicators of the USSR economy at market American prices, American statisticians obtained the size of GDP at 2375 billion dollars, or 54% of the American one. Their PPP turned out to be about 35 kopecks per dollar - within the same limits as other expert estimates.
If we talk about material production, its volume in the USSR was approximately 75% of the US level. At the same time, due to the planning authorities' underestimation of the post-industrial investment priorities, which began to grow catastrophically since 1978, the USSR lagged behind the United States several times in these areas. Instead of bridging this gap, Gorbachev chose the oil and gas industry as a priority for investment, where he poured the entire investment potential of the country. Labor productivity in the industrial spheres of the USSR reached 75% of the US level, in logistics - 70%, in retail trade - 20%, in the service sector - 15-30%, in communications and information science - 10-15%, in construction - 25 %. As a result, the average labor productivity was twice as low.
All this was generated not by the properties of the system itself, but by incorrectly set strategic priorities. The system has disappeared, and the priorities remain old today, since the school of economics that formulated them has not gone anywhere, which considers the exploitation of natural resources to be the basis of the economy and does not at all understand the realities of the post-industrial world. The fact that with such creators of economic priorities, the old system could maintain a higher level of production and living, and even provide a gigantic military budget, speaks clearly in its favor.

So, has the Russian economy reached the 1990 GDP level?

Russian GDP in 2002 amounted to $ 345 billion, if calculated at the exchange rate. The Soviet GDP of the 80s was estimated by experts at 2300-2400, of which 1400-1500 billion was produced by the RSFSR. Consequently, the GDP of 2002 is 24% of the level of the middle of the last decade.
And yet, official statistics claim that in 2002 the GDP of 1990 was restored. How do they do it?
The restructuring of the economy that took place in 1992-2002 resulted in completely uneven changes in the scale of prices for different categories of values. The spread of deflators even across general groups is from 20 to 400. For example, commodity production in physical terms in Russia has fallen six times compared to the level of the 1980s. On the contrary, the production of services almost did not fall, and in some areas (communications, show business, clubs, prostitution, astrology, alternative medicine, etc.) it even increased. If the deflator of material production or a value close to it is taken as the deflator of GDP, then at the expense of the service sector one can show gigantic economic growth - and it is shown. Only if in Soviet times the service sector provided 25% of GDP, now it has already exceeded 80%.

So which figure is correct? Has the GDP dropped fourfold, or has it risen to the 1990 level?

In fact, both numbers are wrong. If the official statistics are doing an obvious scam with deflators, then answering the previous question, I acted incorrectly, taking the exchange rate instead of PPP as the conversion factor of the RF GDP into dollars.
Let's honestly calculate how much the GDP of the Russian Federation would cost if the same currency circulated in the Russian Federation and the United States. Although the dollar exchange rate in 2002 was 31.5 rubles, the PPP for all product groups was 19 rubles per dollar. This means that the GDP is 10,863 billion rubles. corresponds not to 345 (at the exchange rate), but to 572 (at PPP) billion dollars. Consequently, the real size of Russian GDP in 2002 was 40% of the level of the 1980s.
Above, we saw that at the same time, real per capita income decreased three times compared to that time. This means that a larger relative share of GDP is withdrawn from consumer consumption than then. But then only 14-16% of GDP was spent on defense. But on the other hand, theft from the budget as a mechanism of redistribution worked four times weaker.

But is the size of the shadow GDP taken into account here? It accounts for 40% of the Russian economy. Maybe you just need to add it - and then you get a rosy picture of prosperity?

It is not true. This is mistake. Read the comments of the statistics committee.
Goskomstat takes into account the shadow economy in the volume of GDP. In contrast, by the way, from the Soviet State Statistics Committee. But even then, the shadow economy provided at least 10% of production in the country.

But why do so many people think that life has improved, that the standard of living has increased?

These are mainly Muscovites. Mostly not older than 30. They do not remember the Brezhnev era, they can only judge about it by the suggestions of the Ministry of Truth from the TV screen and the experience of Gorbachev's deficit.
In the early 1990s, we conducted research on support for Yeltsin by various segments of the population. In the mid-90s, it became possible to compare these ratings with the figures for the decline in living standards for each of these social groups. The ratings were exactly the same - exactly the opposite. The higher the support for Yeltsin in a given social stratum, the greater the drop in living standards there.
The most affected category was the engineers and technicians of the military-industrial complex, where support for Yeltsinism approached 100%. They were followed by researchers, civil engineers, etc. Yeltsin had the least support from government officials and police officers.
In 1998, this trend became even more pronounced. Therefore, now, meeting joyful apologies for the regime and attempts, contrary to the facts, to prove that life in the Russian Federation has become better than in the USSR, I think about what social stratum this person belongs to? Who will be robbed now?
Those who proudly proclaim themselves "middle class" and boast of good (sometimes even by Soviet standards) earnings should understand that for those in power they are an ordinary cattle, which is the main candidate for undressing and bloodletting in any next scrape.

Regular and commemorative coins of 1 ruble of the USSR are popular among numismatists of all generations. Beginners and experienced collectors collect a simple "podcast", fill out entire albums of "jubilees", silver rubles of the first half of the 1920s and rare stamp varieties.

The first 1 ruble of the USSR for circulation was issued in 1924. This denomination remained the largest for Soviet everyday coins until the last days of the existence of the Allied Power. Only in the course of the "Pavlovsk" reform of 1991 did metal 5- and 10-rubles appear.

Regular coins 1 ruble USSR: price and varieties

20-gram silver rubles of 1924 were minted according to the tsarist standards, actual during the reign of Nicholas II. The changes affected only the decoration of the sides of the coin, which were made under the new state ideology. The front side contains the coat of arms, motto and face value. On the back - a worker and a peasant against the background of the plant.

Half a century later, in 1961, it was decided to continue minting coins of the ruble denomination. Note that due to the multimillion-dollar circulation, the next issue is dated only 1964. Starting this year, metal banknotes of ruble denomination began to be issued almost every year. Specifications: weight - 7.5 grams, diameter - 27 mm, metal - copper-nickel alloy. The ruble of the 1961 sample is considered the most common - however, there is also a rare “weather pattern” dated 1966 - 1983. The market value of such copies is an order of magnitude higher than that of an ordinary large circulation.

The next (and last for the Union era) design change took place 30 years later, in 1991. The so-called "" coins saw the light. The design changes also affected the obverse - the state emblem disappeared, which was replaced by the image of the Moscow Kremlin and the reverse - an oak branch appeared in the design of the details.

Anniversary and commemorative issues

The first Soviet "jubilee" dates back to 1965, when the ruble "XX Years of Victory over Germany" was issued. Both simple commemorative and precious alloy coins were issued. The most popular ones are:

• Rubles dedicated to the anniversaries of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War.
• Series "Great People", consisting of 28 copper-nickel 1-ruble.
• "50 years of Soviet power" (1967).
• “100 years since the birth of V.I. Lenin "(1970).
• "Olympic" series 1977-1980.

In our store you can inexpensively buy commemorative and regular coins and banknotes of Russia, the USSR, high quality and accessories in which the collection will look great and will last for a long time. Favorable prices, the ability to purchase all the collectible goods you need in one place and not overpay on delivery - welcome to the online store Monetnik.ru!

anniversary rubles of the ussr

We continue the topic of collecting and today an article on the topic - Soviet anniversary rubles. I am very often asked - how much is the ruble of the USSR? What can you answer here, there are many anniversary rubles and they are all different, therefore, if you need to find out the cost of the ruble of the USSR, you need to know its circulation, year of issue and, of course, the state. However, I want to make a reservation right away that you will not be able to get a lot of money, but one way or another, let's consider all types of anniversary rubles of the USSR, when they were released, in what quantity and how much, in fact, they cost today.

Jubilee ruble of the USSR - 20 years of victory over Nazi Germany.

soviet jubilee ruble - 20 years of victory over Nazi Germany

The first anniversary ruble of the USSR was released in 1965, just in honor of the celebration of 20 years of victory in the Great Patriotic War. An ordinary, ordinary ruble from a copper-nickel alloy, minted in the amount of as much as 60 million pieces. It is worth noting that a certain part of the circulation was minted as PROOF, that is, the coins were minted with a polished stamp. Jubilee rubles of 1965 in a proof condition were produced 11.5 thousand pieces. The cost of a regular ruble at the moment is no more than 40 rubles, and then you can get such a price for a ruble in a state not lower than xf. The price of anniversary rubles in honor of the 20th anniversary of the victory as PRUF at auctions reaches 3000 rubles. Of course, you can only buy a ruble in proof; it is simply unrealistic to find it anywhere. We continue to disassemble the anniversary rubles of the USSR, and our next turn is 1967.

jubilee ruble 1967 for the 50th anniversary of the October revolution

The next issue of jubilee Soviet rubles took place in 1967, to the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution, which, as you know from school history, took place in 1917. The circulation is also rather big, 52 million pieces. As a proof - 210 thousand copies. An ordinary ruble of 1967 (50th anniversary of October) costs a maximum of 30 rubles, or if the quality is excellent. A ruble in proof is the same as the first, about 3-4 thousand rubles. The ruble depicts grandfather Lenin with his hand raised, looking into the distance - showing us the way to a cloudless future. It is worth noting that in addition to the 1967 ruble, coins of 10, 15, 20 kopecks and fifty kopecks were also issued. When looking for coins with a metal detector, I often come across these commemorative coins for the 50th anniversary of October. For the price, we can say that the smallest circulation was 10 kopecks, and you can sell it for 50-80 rubles, of course, not lower than xf quality. If you collect coins of the ussr, then find all copies commemorative coins 1967 will not be difficult, the complete set can be bought immediately or separately. Anyway, 1967 coins are very beautiful and unusual, so it's nice to have one in your collection.

Anniversary ruble with Lenin 1970 - 100 years since the birth of Lenin.

the famous anniversary ruble with Lenin 1970

You probably have heard about this rubles, because almost everyone has such rubles. Well, since there are a lot of them - the circulation was 100 million pieces, then their cost is practically none. The price of the ruble Lenin 1970 was only 10-20 rubles. But jubilee rubles with Lenin as proof are very much appreciated by collectors and they are ready to pay no less than 25,000 rubles for them. The amount is quite decent, but the price is high because they are rare and everyone wants to get them. Circulation of proofs - 111,000 pieces. So if you decide to fill in the phrase " how much is the ruble with lenin", then I will answer you - but it costs exactly ten times its face value. It costs nothing in general. Although there are still copies as proof and unc, you can get decent money for them. And if you are a collector, then have Lenin's ruble is definitely worth proof of its collection, it looks very majestic and it is not a shame to show such a copy to friends.

Jubilee Soviet ruble 1975 - 30 years of victory in the Great Patriotic War

jubilee ruble - 30 years of victory in the Great Patriotic War-1

In 1975, a batch of jubilee rubles was released for the 30th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War. The circulation of coins in this series was also large, 15 million, so they are also distributed everywhere. The cost of commemorative rubles for the 30th anniversary of the victory of the Great Patriotic War is at most 20 rubles. The price of coins in UNC quality (a coin that was not in circulation) is already higher, about 300 rubles. The number of PRUF coins is 1 million, their cost is about 3000 rubles.
The jubilee ruble for the 30th anniversary of the victory is very beautiful and patriotic, it depicts the statue "Motherland Calls", which actually exists, the height of this giantess is 58 meters.

A small insert for collectors of modern dozen -. The entire list of dozens and prices are there.

The cost of all these rubles will be indicated on the aisles at the Vyatka Coin Auction. However, it is worth noting that this is just the price of one auction, so your rubles can go both more and less. But as a rough guideline, it will do. Prices are for condition VF-XF

1977 year
jubilee 1 ruble "60th anniversary of the October revolution" - the cost is 40-60 rubles.
XXII games in Moscow, the emblem of the Olympics. - 41 rubles.

1978 - 1 ruble, XXII games in Moscow, "Kremlin" series. - 40-60 rubles.

1979 year
XXII games in Moscow, series "Moscow State University". 40-60 p.
XXII Games in Moscow, "Cosmos" series.

1980 year
XXII Games in Moscow, "Mossovet" series. 40-60 rub
22 games in Moscow, torch series. 40-60 rubles.

1981 year
1 ruble to celebrate 20 years of the first manned space flight, 1961 -1981.
ruble - the series "Soviet-Bulgarian Friendship" (Friendship Forever) - a pass for 191 rubles.

1982 year - 1 ruble coin, series "60 years of the formation of the USSR". Pass through the auction for 191 rubles. More or less rare, then.

1983 year
"Karl Marx, 1818 - 1883".
"20 years of Tereshkova's flight"
"400 years since the death of Ivan Fedorov, 1510 - 1583".

1984 year
A.S. Popov (125th birthday anniversary, 1859 - 1906)
DI. Mendeleev (150th birth anniversary, 1834 - 1907)
A.S. Pushkin (1799-1837)

1985 year
1 ruble
"Lenin 1870 - 1924", 115th anniversary of the birth of Lenin's grandfather. - left for 189 rubles.
"Victory in Vov", 40 years old - sale for 50 rubles.
"for anti-imperialist solidarity, peace and friendship." - there is a pass for 51 rubles.
"Friedrich Engels, 1820 - 1895" - sold for 131 rubles.

1986 year.
1 ruble
"International Year of Peace"
"MV Lomonosov, 1711 - 1765, 275th anniversary"

1987 year.
"175 years since the battle of Borodino," monument "series 40-60 r.
"175 years since the battle of Borodino, a series of" volunteers "40-60r.
"K.E. Tsiolkovsky, 1857 - 1935" - the price is 40 rubles, 58 rubles. "pass on auke.
"70 years of the great October socialist revolution" - went for 53 rubles, 70 rubles.

1988 year.
"A.M. Gorky, 1868 - 1936" - sold for 49 rubles, 52 rubles.
"Leo Tolstoy, 1828 - 1910" - 48 rubles, 45 rubles, 58 rubles.

1989 year.

1 ruble
"T.G. Shevchenko, 1814 - 1861" - 32 wooden, 58 rubles.
"M.P. Mussorgsky, 1839 - 1861" - 50 rubles.
"M.Yu. Lermontov, 1814 - 1841" - the cost of the auction is 50 rubles, 40 rubles.
"Mikhail Eminescu, 1850 - 1889" - the price reached at the auction is 106 rubles.
"Kh. Kh. Niyazi, 1889 - 1929" - 55 rubles.

1990 year.

1 ruble
"Anton Chekhov, 1860 - 1904" - 32 rubles.
"Marshal of the USSR G.K. Zhukov, 1896 - 1974"
"P. Tchaikovsky, 1840 - 1893" - 32 rubles.
"Francis Skaryna, 1490" - 48 rubles.
"Janis Rainis, 1865 - 1929" - 32 rubles.

1991 year.

1 ruble
"Alisher Navoi, 1441 - 1501" - 2 passes - 71 rubles, 153 rubles.
"PN Lebedev, 1866 - 1912" - 58 rubles, 184 rubles.
"Sergei Prokofiev, 1891 - 1958" - 60 rubles, 70 rubles.
"K.V. Ivanov, 1890 - 1915" - 126 rubles, 102 rubles.
"850 years of Nizami" - 38 rubles.
"Makhtumkuli"

Here is, perhaps, the entire list of anniversary Soviet rubles, in principle, you can easily buy this set at numerous online auctions, for a full set of anniversary Soviet rubles you will pay about 4000 rubles. Agree, a little money for such beauty. Anniversary rubles of the USSR will decorate any numismatic collection.

And here you can find out, of course, the one with a wide edging.

Evaluate for yourself whether the level of your prosperity has grown in comparison with socialist times: in the USSR there were small salaries, but large incomes. These incomes included free housing, medicine, education, low prices for transport and utilities, subsidized vacations. Income of 1 ruble in Soviet times is not a small amount, but 100 rubles is almost a fortune

Let's try to analyze and compare what one Soviet ruble could buy and compare it in terms of purchasing power with the ruble of "free Russia"

for 1 Soviet ruble can buy

corresponds in modern prices (rubles) or "exchange rate against the Soviet ruble"

33 cups lemonade with syrup; 0.4 kg oranges 1/4 bottle of vodka 2-3 bottles of beer; 3 jars of seaweed; 3 cans of canned fish 10 glasses of tomato juice; 10/12 waffle cake 5 loaves of black bread 3 glass jars of mayonnaise; 0.6 bottles of dry wine 5 ice cream sundaes 5 liters of draft milk; 5 bottles of "Narzan"; 3 l of milk in a package 6 kilograms of watermelons; 6 loaves of white bread 3 bottles of lemonade; 8 l draft kvass 3 kilograms of melons; 2 liters of sunflower oil; 450 gr. doctor's sausage 10 kg potatoes 1-2 set meals in the restaurant 10 spools of thread 8 bars of baby soap; 1 iron bucket; 100 boxes of matches 50 school notebooks 2-3 carnation flowers 1-3 rose flowers 2 packs of Bulgarian cigarettes; 8 packs of cheap cigarettes Transport: 33.3 tram travel 25 trolley rides 20 rides by bus or metro 5 km by taxi (20 kopecks / km) Airplane: 1/25 air ticket Moscow - Nizhnevartovsk (3.5 hours) 1/18 flight ticket Leningrad - Moscow A train: railway ticket Leningrad - Moscow: 1/12 Coupe railway ticket Leningrad - Moscow: 1/10 reserved seat railway ticket Leningrad - Moscow: 1/8 Sitting railway ticket 1/5 Leningrad - Tallinn railway ticket 1/8 Leningrad - Riga Student ID: halve 1/2500 of the car "Zaporozhets" 1/5000 of the Zhiguli car 1/50 bicycle for adults "Ukraine" Information: 25 newspapers; Relaxation: 1/30 vouchers to Terskol (Elbrus region) for 2 weeks (71 rubles were paid by the trade union) 1/60 vouchers to a sanatorium in Sochi for 21 days, with 3 meals a day, a swimming pool, a polyclinic and treatment with mineral water (120 rubles were paid by the trade union) Domestic services 7-8 times go to the bath; Go to the men's hairdresser 5 times Communication: 50 calls from a public phone (3 minutes); Entertainment: from 10 mornings to 2 evenings in the cinema (preschoolers - free) Utilities: 1/4 of the cost of utilities

- 16 18 52-142 73,2- 112,2 78 80-120 90 90 96.4 (in plastic!) 100 100 100 102-120 105 108 108 113,4 144 165 160 176,4 200-390 1 89 80-200 96 120 200 250-400 70-90 200-450 40 96 832,5 625 560 300-500 257 211 114,66 75,4 87.3 (common) - 300 (Peregrine Falcon) 1400 577 - 30 85 400 726,7 557,5 1050 2500 180 (mobile) 1000 in the morning, 500-700 in the evening 1200

The average pension is 75-120 rubles. Today exchange rate \u003d 94(considering the average pension of 7.100 rubles)
(for some professions 178 rubles)

The average salary is 196 rubles. Today exchange rate \u003d 104(the average salary is 20.383 rubles)
(1986, without additional payments and benefits, according to the State Statistics Service)

Anything below these rates corresponds to the level of consumption during the Soviet Union. Anything above means the unavailability of this service.

It turns out that under a liberal regime, you can drink vodka, smoke cigarettes, drink beer, eat sprat in tomato and colonial fruits. The purchase of milk is already beyond the income limits. Zhiguli has become almost 3 times more accessible, while communication is inaccessible, printed information is practically inaccessible, transport trips, recreation and entertainment are absolutely inaccessible (instead of a movie ticket, people simply get drunk), and household services. Thus, all the "privileges of access to consumer paradise" - that is, "the availability of a number of goods" - in fact, I am a beautiful fairy tale, since money is siphoned out of the population by paid medicine, education and fabulously expensive utilities. At the same time, people received housing in the USSR for free. Today, the cost of apartments tends to "sky-high distances" ...

By the way, the main weapon of capitalism is the personal bribery of each individual with a beautiful tale of personal consumption. Therefore, if you proceed from the principle - " own shirt closer to the body"and you do not care about the general situation in the country, the continuing growth of the target ratio (the income gap between the richest 10% and the poorest 10%), which inevitably leads to social unrest, then you yourself can calculate for yourself whether your level of wealth has grown , compared to socialist times, according to the following formula:

(Current earnings / 20.383) * 104 \u003d N

Compare the resulting figure "N" with the second column of the table or with the "exchange rate". Anything above this amount, in Soviet times, you could not afford. Interestingly, in order for the cost of utilities to correspond to the income of the Soviet era, the salary today should be equal to 245,000 rubles. Evaluate for yourself whether you will be able to receive so much in the near future and whether there are prospects for receiving such income.

"I found one ruble and a fierce dispute ensued," writes kot_de_azur. - Do you know what one ruble could buy? No, I do not know. Is it true that you could buy a lot? Now you can't even take a match for the ruble, it has fallen so low. And in the USSR, the ruble was saved.

"It can be seen right away that people did not live with the scoop," writes andrew_777. "There were no potatoes on the market for 10 kopecks. This is the price of rot in a vegetable. Kvass also did not cost 3 kopecks for a mug. 25. Beer at 20 kopecks on tap is not beer, but diluted urine with foam. Cinema at 25 kopecks is a day session or a movie theater of a second film. Another ruble could buy a dozen eggs or a kilogram of trashy sausage. shoes were needed 100 times a ruble - two-thirds of the engineer's salary. "

“Therefore, the USSR was bent - there was no money in the budget due to the fact that literally any sneeze had to be subsidized, - writes bysergeyby. - Sales prices were such that they did not cover the cost of production of goods and services. Economic collapse. And one more note. It was possible to buy at low prices only what was available for sale. That is, matches, salt, tomato juice, gobies in tomato sauce, etc. But something more essential ... meat ... about "sausage trains "Few people remember the capital. Not to mention something more complicated. Two-year queues for Vyatka washing machines or VM-1 video recorder, for example."

"It is much more interesting to ask what could be bought for 100 rubles," writes Eugene Katyukhin. - Paradoxically, the answer would be: practically nothing in the store. Scarcity, you know. "