How to remake a 12 volt motion sensor. Collect the motion sensor to turn on the light. PD2 series presence sensors

Every year the popularity of intelligent systems for managing engineering equipment of buildings is growing.System "Smart Home" takes over the fulfillment of many routine works, frees time for recreation and more important classes. In addition, she:

• increases safety;
• creates comfortable conditions for stay;
• saves utility costs;
• increases the status of the building.

Smart Home is a union of engineering subsystems that are managed from one center. This is a flexible system, it is easy to upgrade and expand.

Tire control systems in the Smart Home system

In the private sector of the Smart House system, serve for comfort and safety. In the case of their use in automation and dispatching systems of buildings, the savings reaches 70%. To organize management, preference is given to tire systems with a safe supply voltage of 12-48 V.

The lighting management subsystem is one of the most important. It improves the convenience of operation and significantly saves electricity. The functioning of this subsystem is impossible without sensors. In the range of companies by B.E.G. There are sensors specifically designed for tire systems.

PD9-1C-12-48V-FC Motion Sensor

Motion sensor It is part of the line of mini-sensor. These sensors, despite the small size of the sensory part, are not inferior to the technical characteristics to the rest of the sensors.

They are designed for mounting in the suspended ceiling and are installed where it is important not to break the interior of the room. The size of the visible part of the sensor is a disk with a diameter of only 36 mm.

The sensor consists of power and sensory parts, they are connected by cable. The dimensions of the blocks are calculated so that the power part passes into the hole for the sensor and remains in the interporal space. Then the sensor is installed.

The sensor needs nutrition12-48 V. . He has a circular (360 °).
From a height of 2.5 meters its range:

• frontally 6 m;
• perpendicular to 10 m.

Light threshold (10-20 LC) and response delay (30 seconds - 30 minutes) are set by manually by potentiometers on the sensor. Sensor has one normal outdoor dry contact
With a switching capacity 10A and the maximum IP starting current (20 ms) \u003d 165a.

PD2 series presence sensors

In the PD2 line three types of suitable sensors: and
. This presence sensors are designed for ceiling mounting indoors.

All sensors with a circular detection zone (360 °). When installing at an altitude of 2.5 meters, their range:

• presence of 4 meters;
• frontal 6 meters;
• perpendicular to 10 meters.

Sensors PD2-M-2C-11-48V-3Aand PD2-M-2C-11-48V-RR Calculated for meals by constant or alternating voltage. There are options for overhead mounting or in the suspended ceiling.

The sensor is used as a separate master instrument or, with a specific connection scheme, like a Slave device. Light sensor measures the level of mixed light from 10 to 2000 LC. Only the first channel of the sensor depends on the illumination, the second is not tied to the illumination
and switches when fixing motion.

Sensors are configured and managed manually or remote remote control. A shutdown delay threshold in the first channel is adjusted in the range of 15 seconds to 16 minutes and the pulse, the function delay function is available in the second channel, and it is adjusted in the range from 5 to 120 minutes. Pulse and Alarm functions are also available.

Switching ability of PD2-M-2C-11-48V-3A channels - three amps.

In the execution of PD2-M-2C-11-48V-RR, both channels are installed with a 8-mA transmission switch, for silent switching and the possibility of connecting the illumination sensor to the first channel.

Sensor PD2N-LTMS. Designed only for mounting in the suspended ceiling. It feeds on a constant voltage of 16-48 V. In addition to the transmission of information on the dry contact of motion detection, the presence in its detection zone, the sensor displays the current temperature
and illumination by analog signal 0-10 V.

Also, the sensor is released with a germial relay for silent switching. He has two sensor to obtain correct illumination. With the help of potentiometers or remote control, you can set a delay from 1 to 30 seconds and calibrate the parameters of two light sensors
and temperature sensor.

To enhance security with IP 20 to IP 54 uses accessory. To protect the sensor from mechanical damage, the BSK circular grid is used. It is not included and ordered separately.

SI INDOOR 180-R-11-48V Presence Sensor

The Si Indoor 180-R-11-48V presence sensor is used indoors. A source of permanent or alternating voltage is suitable for powering the sensor12-48V. Single sensor
In two versions:

• version 3a - for direct load switching with current consumption of up to 3 amps;
• rR version with a germial relay - for silent load switching up to 100 mA.

When the sensor is installed on the side of the door or over it is 180 ° coverage. At an altitude of 2.2 meters its range:

• frontally 3 meters;
• perpendicular to 12 meters.

When used as a master device, the sensor detection zone can be extended by Slave devices.

Shutdown delay (from 15 seconds to 16 minutes) and the level of illumination (from 2 to 2000 LC) are displayed by manually by potentiometers on the instrument panel. It is important and the presence of a noise sensor, which also has its own potentiometer to configure.

The sensor is mounted on the wall in a standard box or open with the ART arrangement. 92141. If you use the ART cover with the basement. 92139, then the degree of sensor protection will increase
With IP 20 to IP 54, and it can be installed in rooms with high humidity.

The Si Indoor 180-R sensor is used to control the illumination of corridors, inputs to archives, meetings for meetings, bathrooms.

If you plan to implementsmart Home system,use the sensors of B.E.G. For low-current systems. We guarantee their three-year trouble-free work. In our company. You will receive a qualified free advice on the use of B.E.G sensors.

On our blog. Here you will find a lot of useful information and will be aware of the latest solutions and advanced technologies.

Summary, detailed schemes, photos, comparisons ... Everything is said about this useful device and even about the Lens of Fresnel is not forgotten ...
I have, for example, in the house all staircase spans with sensors and not only they are very pleased.

Probably only the lazy has not yet written about how it is good and wonderful to have such a thing instead of the switch and did not remove the intricate video.
Yes, we know, we know that there are infrared and radio frequency, with different distances, with different angle of review and TD and TP
So what?
Skid all the motion sensors? All broke the switches and wrote smart sensors?
Well no.
What is the matter?
The device is really convenient and actually saves our electricity costs.
The problem is that not only the sensor itself is necessary, somehow and relative to the lamp and relative to the movement of a person, but also a bunch of additional wires to stretch.
It is like with lighting when you have a napkin hanging.
The wire from the light bulb in the junction box, the wire from the switch to the junction box, there connected it as it should and everything works.
And now we want to deliver the motion sensor instead of the switch.
Well, firstly, right on the site of the switch to do absolutely nothing. The sensor must be put so that he "saw" the incoming as early as possible and so that "did not see" anything superfluous, for example, somewhere under the ceiling, opposite the front door. And we usually go around the door - entered and clicked ..., and The distribution unit is just above it, under the ceiling, that is, all the electrical wires hid in the box, which opposite the place where we want to see them for the sensor.
It is very uncomfortable to change the switch to the sensor in the already narrowed electrical wiring. It will be necessary to find the right place, so that the sensor saw everything that needs and did not spoil the interior, new wire lines will be required where they were before. To the sensor itself, even for the simplest scheme itself, it is necessary to give the "zero" wire and the "phase" wire, and even from the sensor to the lamp you need to give the third wire - the switch "Switchable phase".
Here are the people and are lazy to redo all the wiring and lives with switches without changing them on the sensors.
However, in some simple situations, for example, when the ceiling is one cartridge with a lamp and just this lamp and I would like to control the sensor.
For such cases, produced sensors built into the cartridge. Rather, the cartridge itself is not in the adapter.

How it works? In the cartridge instead of the lamp screw the adapter. In the adapter we screw the lamp. The switch that previously turned on the lamp turns and do not touch it anymore. Everything.
Now, as soon as "on the eyes" of a smart adapter with a sensor, a running person will get - the sensor will work and the lamp will automatically turn on.
No wires, no wiring alterations, and smart sensor electronics works instead of a switch.

Such sensors are not only for those who illuminate the dwelling with lamps with the usual E27 patron.
There are convenient motion sensors for those who use 12 volt LED light sources (lamps or LED tape).

It is important that for the lighting systems by 12 volts, often the power supply somewhere is removed, hidden. For example, the diode ribbon in the profile is made backlighting the countertop in the kitchen - a frequent solution.
Power supply 220-12 hidden in kitchen furniture and is not entirely where the light source itself is. If you turn on - turn off the power of this block by the usual sensor movement - it does not always work conveniently, you have not reached the tabletop, and generally go to the refrigerator, and the backlight of the table top why it turned on ... so so that it is easier to solve such questions Motion sensors are not 220, but directly by 12 volts.
Very convenient - put such a sensor about a 12 volt luminaire, applied to the input 12 volts with a wire from the hidden block, and the same lamp with a diode ribbon connected to the output. Now raised his hands to the tabletop - the lamp automatically turned on. Conveniently. In addition, safe - 12 volts are no longer those dangerous 220volt next to the crude countertop in the kitchen ...

In the lighting and protection management systems, motion sensors are widely used. Usually they are eaten from a 220V network, but in autonomous systems, their power is carried out from 12V.

Power sensors

Power supply such devices is carried out from built-in batteries or from an external or built-in power supply. In the presence of voltage in the network, the power is carried out from it, and during interruptions in power supply - from the battery that ensures the operation of the device and alarm system.

In addition, such devices can be connected to the 12 volt network of the car or the computer power supply.

The scheme and the principle of operation of these devices differ only in the power system.

Types of sensors

Such devices differ in different criteria:

• installation location - Street to work outdoors and internal;
• the principle of response is ultrasound, microwave, emitting and receiving microwave radiation and infrared;
• active with a receiver and transmitter and passive, in which only a receiver.

These devices are used in two places:

• Security systems. An additional energy source (battery) retains the performance of the system with temporary power outages, and if you connect the device to a remote control unit, it will save from the need to lay long cables when protecting a large area;
• Protection of the car. At night in the car, this device includes internal lighting and headlights not only when touched or attempting hacking, but then when someone just comes to the car. It may also include a DVR;
• Rechargeable lamps in the garden and at bus stops, on solar panels. In these places, a motion sensor is used to turn on light. Save battery charge;
• In combination with a powerful battery and a car signal, a portable system of alarm is obtained.

Advantages and disadvantages of use

Such devices have advantages over the structures that feed on the 220V network. First of all, it is autonomy. They work from embedded and external batteries all the time or in the absence of network voltage.

In addition, there are shortcomings:

• limited operation from embedded or external batteries;
• the need for periodic recharging or in the external power supply;
• higher price.

Principle of operation

The design and place of use depends on the method of determining the movement.

Ultrasonic alarm

The principle of the operation of such devices is similar to a volatile mouse locator. Inside there are an ultrasonic emitter and a receiver capturing the reflected signal. When the objects are moved, the frequency of the reverse signal changes.

Such devices differ in low cost and reliability of work. They do not affect weather conditions. Installed in automatic parking systems in cars.

The disadvantage is in a small radius of action and response only for fast movements.

Attention! The maximum sensitivity of the device is ensured when a person is moving to the device or from it.

Infrared devices

These devices react to a change in thermal radiation of objects whose temperature differs from ambient temperature. This radiation is accepted by a lenses or mirror system and is sent to two sensors.

When the objects are moved, the radiation and signals on the receivers are changing, which causes the device to be triggered.

The accuracy of such devices does not affect swinging trees on the street or curtains on the windows. When working, they do not emit anything.

Possible false responses from heating radiators or air conditioners. At high air temperature (more than 30-35 degrees), the difference in the thermal emission of the environment and people is missing, which disrupts the work of the device.

Attention! The maximum sensitivity of the device when a person moves along the device - right to left or vice versa.

Microwave sensors

Microwave instruments on the principle of work are similar to ultrasound. Inside there is an emitter of electromagnetic RF radiation with a frequency of 5,8GHz. When the objects are moved to the device or the Doppler effect appears, and the reflected signal frequency changes. This causes the device to be triggered.

The work of such devices does not interfere with thin brick and wooden partitions. This is at the same time the dignity and disadvantage of the structure - expands the control zone, but causes false responses when driving outside the protected area.

These devices are more expensive than other types of devices, and their power is limited to WHO requirements. It should not exceed 1 MW / cm².

Combined devices

In addition to devices equipped with single species sensors, there are structures equipped with different, complementary by each other. For example, infrared, reacting to the movement on the right, and ultrasonic, triggered when moving to the device and from it.

The disadvantage is higher price and energy consumption. This is important when working from batteries.

Movement sensors operating from 12V are used in protection systems in which autonomy and cars, where 220V is absent.

Video

Motion sensors are an incredibly convenient thing that allows you to control the light in the room or control the opening and closing of the doors, and can also notify you about unwanted guests. In this article we will tell how to make a movement sensor with your own hands at home and consider the scope of possible application of these devices.

Briefly about sensors

One of the easiest types of sensors is a limit switch or a self-reflective button (without fixation).

It is installed at the door and reacts to its opening and closing. Using a simple scheme, this unit includes light in the refrigerator. It can be equipped with a storage room or a temper of the hallway, the door in the entrance, the duty of the LED backlight, use this switch as alarm that will notify the opening or closing of the door. The disadvantages of the design may be difficulties in the installation, and sometimes a non-topable appearance.

The devices, based on and magnet, can be seen on the doors and windows of protected objects. Their principle of work is very similar to the operation of the button. The German can erode or connect the contacts when applying to a normal magnet. Thus, the germ itself is installed on the doorway, and the magnet hangs on the door. This design gently looks and used more often than the usual button. Lack of devices in narrowly specialized use. For control of open areas, squares, they are not suitable.

For open passes, there are devices that respond to changes in the environment. These include photorele, capacitive (field sensors), thermal (PIR), sound relays. To fix the intersection of a certain area, control obstacles, the presence of a movement of any object in the overlap zone, use photos or sound echoes of the device.

The principle of operation of such sensors is based on the formation of the pulse and its fixation after reflection from the object. If the object is inserted into such a zone, the characteristic of the reflected signal is changed, and the detector generates a control signal at the output.

For clarity, a schematic diagram of the photorel and sound relay is presented:

Infrared LEDs are used as a transmitting device in optical sensors, and phototransistors are used as a receiver. Sound sensors operate in the ultrasound range, so their work for our ear seems silent, but each of them contains a small emitter and catcher.

For example, it is wonderfully equipped with a backlit motion detector. The inclusion of lighting will only take place at the moment when a person will be directly near it. Do not want to do it yourself?

Assembly schemes

Microwave

To control open spaces and control the availability of objects in the desired zone, there is a capacitive relay. The principle of operation of this device consists in measuring the magnitude of the absorption of radio waves. Everyone watched or was a member of this effect, when, approaching the working radio receiver, the frequency on which it works, was knocked down and no interference appeared.

Let's talk about how to make a microwave motion sensor. The heart of this detector is the radio microwave generator and a special antenna.

On this concept, a simple way to make a microwave motion sensor. The VT1 transistor is a high-frequency generator and a part-time radio receiver. The detector diode straightens the voltage, feeding the displacement to the VT2 transistor database. T1 transformer windings are configured to different frequency. In the initial state, when the antenna does not affect the external capacity, the amplitudes of the signals are mutually compensated and there is no voltage on the VD1 detector. After changing the frequency, their amplitudes are folded and detected by a diode. The VT2 transistor begins to open. As a comparator for a clear testing of states "included" and "Disabled", a thyristor VS1 is used, which controls the power relay by 12 volts.

Below is the effective diagram of the presence relay on the available components, which will help to collect the movement detector with your own hands or just come in handy for familiarization with the device.

Thermal

Thermal DD (PIR) is the most common touchscreen apparatus in the economic sector. This is explained by cheap components, a simple assembly scheme, lack of additional complex settings, a wide temperature range of work.

The finished apparatus can be bought at any electrical store. Often, these sensors are equipped with lamps, alarm devices and other controllers. However, now we will tell how to make a thermal motion sensor at home. A simple diagram for repetition is as follows:

Special thermal sensor B1 and photo The VD1 element is an automated lighting control complex. The device begins to work only after the onset of twilight, the trigger threshold can be set to the R2 resistor. The sensor connects the load when the moving person in the control zone is hit. The time of the built-in timer to shut down can be set by the R5 regulator.

Homemade from the module for Arduino

The inexpensive sensor can be made from special ready-made boards for radio constructor. So you can get a rather miniature device. For assembly, we will need a motion sensor module for Arduino microcontrollers and a single-channel relay module.

On each board, the connector of three pins, VCC +5 volts, GND -5 Volt, OUT output to the detector and in the entry on the relay board. In order to make the device with your own hands, it is necessary to apply from the power source to 5 volts (plus and minus), for example, from charging for phones, and OUT and IN are connected together. Connections can be carried out using connectors, but it will be more reliable to unplug. You can follow the scheme below. The miniature transistor is usually already built into the relay module, so it is not necessary to put it additionally.

When man is moved, the module gives a signal on the relay, and it opens. Please note that there is a high and low relay. It must be selected on the basis of which signal gives the output sensor. The finished detector can be placed in the case and disguise in the right place. Additionally, we recommend viewing videos in which instructions for assembling homemade motion sensors at home are clearly demonstrated. If you have any questions, you can always ask them in the comments.

Taras Kalenyuk

Reading time: 4 minutes

A.

It is worth starting with the definition of what is a motion sensor as a whole. This is a device that is able to identify activity in the zone of its action and transfer the received data to the receiver, which, in turn, give a signal to perform the programmed action. It can be the inclusion of light, activation of alarm on the territory, sending the message to the owner or challenge the security to the object.

There are many diverse devices whose types are determined by various criteria. In addition, the detector can be indoor or street, they are also divided into the following types:

• security;
• household;
• wired;
• wireless;
• autonomous;
• infrared;
• ultrasound;
• microwave;
• multisensory;
• two-channel;
• two-position;
• multiposition and so on.

Choosing a motion detector for yourself, it is necessary to take into account the most different factors in order not to face the fact that the purchased device is either not installed where the owner wanted or does not work.

When buying a device, you must pay attention to the following nuances:

1. place of installation - room or street, ceiling or walls;
2. detector's use goals - lighting, protection, imitation of activity;
3. the presence of interference in the zone of the device, which cannot be removed - walls, cables, heating or air conditioning devices;
4. radius of action and the viewing angle - how far and widespread the device should watch;
5. the total power of the lamps that will be connected to the sensor. There is no need to buy a powerful device for two diode lamps, but for a lamp complex to a large room better acquire a more capacious sensor;
6. settings - their number and level;
7. other specifications (photosensitivity, current consumed and so on).

One of the characteristics of the movement detector is the maximum allowable load current. This indicator tells how the maximum permissible value of the current can be submitted to a certain device without causing it harm.

What are the units of measurement of this indicator in motion sensors? The current strength itself is measured in amperes (a). The voltage is the difference between the two points of the chain - is measured in volts (B). And power - determination of the current properties - are determined in watts (W). Learn power with the help of the formula, you can multiply the current strength on the voltage.

In addition, there is still a resistance that shows the possibility of an electrical chain element resist the current. Unit of measurement - OM. This value is easy to calculate, dividing voltage for current strength. As a rule, this parameter is applied with a thermistor-type sensor ratio (for example, a coolant temperature detector in a car).

Let's return to movement detectors. The bulk of the detectors has indicators of approximately 220 V. But sometimes there is a need to use a low-current device. 12 volt motion sensor can be useful to those who use LED devices for lighting.

It can be both simple lamps and tapes that can be laid all that your heart. The 12th volt lamp is not needed in the detector, which is designed for 1100 V, therefore it will be more correct to purchase or make the device with your own hands less severe.

Let us give an example by a 12 volt sensor PD9-1C-12-48V-FC. This miniature device can be used in the smart home system, being installed in stretch ceilings. Its dimensions are so small that it does not break the aesthetic integrity of the room - 3.6 cm diameter of its visible part.

An angle of review of the detector is 360 degrees, the range of action (under the condition of its installation at a height equal to two and a half meters) 6 meters in front of them and about 10 in the horizontal plane.

The settings allow you to adjust the illumination threshold at which it will turn on the lamps (from 10 to 2000 lux), as well as the delay time of the light shutdown after the activity in its working area ceased - from 30 seconds to half an hour.

Motion sensor 12 volts of type DD-03. Thanks to its small size, it can be placed in almost any place - to the lamp, to the tabletop - where fantasy will indicate (or rather, the point when the lighting is integrated). Despite its size, this instrument has characteristics that are practically not inferior to its full-sized counterparts.

• Load current 12 volts.
• The photosensitivity is limited to 10 lux, which allows the detector to do not work in a bright day of day.
• Radius of action Adjustable 3-7 meters.
• The angle of view is 140 degrees.
• Delayed light from 5 seconds to three minutes.
• Operating temperatures from -30 to +50.

Movement sensor with his own hands

For the safest and inquisitive, there is the possibility of self-assembly of the device with the help of arduo components. To work, you must purchase a single-channel relay module and a microcontroller.

Infrared motion sensor 12 volts

On each of the purchased boards there are three pins - plus, minus, input on the relay and access to the controller. A voltage is fed from the power source on both fees, and the input is connected to the output. The resulting device is placed in the housing, which is ready for operation.