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In the beginning, on the first day, God created heaven and earth. On the second day, he created a firmament in the middle of the water. On the same day the waters were divided - half of them ascended to the firmament, and half went under the firmament. On the third day he created the sea, rivers, springs and seeds. On the fourth day - the sun, moon, stars, and God adorned the sky. The first of the angels, the elder of the angelic rank, saw all this and thought: “I will go down to the earth, and I will possess it, and I will be like God, and I will set up my throne in the northern clouds.” And immediately he was overthrown from heaven and after him fell those who were under his command - the tenth angelic rank. There was a name for the enemy - Satanail, and in his place God put Elder Michael. Satan, being deceived in his plan and having lost his original glory, was called an adversary to God. Then, on the fifth day, God created whales, fish, reptiles and birds of feathers. On the sixth day God created beasts, cattle, and earthly reptiles; created man too. On the seventh day, that is, on Saturday, God rested from his works.

And God planted paradise in the east in Eden, and introduced the man whom he created into him, and commanded him to eat the fruits of every tree, but the fruits of one tree — the knowledge of good and evil — not to eat. And Adam was in paradise, saw God and praised him along with the angels. And God brought a dream to Adam, and Adam fell asleep, and God took one rib from Adam, and made him a wife, and brought her to paradise to Adam, and said Adam: “Behold bone from my bone and flesh from my flesh; she will be called a wife. " And Adam called the names of cattle and birds, beasts and reptiles, and gave names even to the angels themselves. And God subordinated animals and cattle to Adam, and he possessed all, and all listened to him. But the devil, seeing how God honored man, began to envy him, transformed into a serpent, came to Eve, and said to her: “Why not eat from a tree growing in the middle of paradise?” And the wife said to the serpent: “God said: Do not eat, but if you eat, you will die by death.” And the serpent said to his wife: “You shall not die a death; for God knows that on the day that you eat from this tree your eyes will be opened and you will be like God, having known good and evil. ” And the wife saw that the tree was edible, and took the fruit, and gave it to her husband, and both ate, and the eyes of both were opened, and they realized that they were naked, and sewed a girdle from the foliage of the fig tree. And God said: "Cursed is the earth for your deeds, in sorrow you will be saturated all the days of your life." And the Lord God also said: “When you stretch your hands and take from the tree of life, you will live forever.” And the Lord God cast Adam out of paradise. And he settled against paradise, weeping and cultivating the earth, and Satan rejoiced at the curse of the earth. This is our first fall and bitter retribution, falling away from the angel's life. He gave birth to Adam Cain and Abel. Cain was a plowman, and Abel was a shepherd. And Cain sacrificed the fruits of the earth to God, and God did not accept his gifts. Abel brought the first-born of a lamb and God accepted the gifts of Abel. Satan entered Cain and began to incite him to kill Abel. And Cain said to Abel: "Let us go into the field." And Abel listened to him, and when they came out, Cain rebelled against Abel and wanted to kill him, but he did not know how to do it. And Satan said to him: “Take a stone and strike it.” He took a stone and killed Abel. And God said to Cain: “Where is your brother?” He answered: “Am I my brother's keeper?” And God said: "The blood of your brother cries out to me, you will groan and shake until the end of your life." Adam and Eve cried, and the devil rejoiced, saying: “Whom God honored, but I made him fall away from God, and now I have done him cry.” And they wept for thirty years after Abel, and his body did not decay, and they did not know how to bury him. And by the commandment of God two chicks flew in, one of them died, the other dug up a hole and put the dead into it and buried him. Seeing this, Adam and Eve dug a hole, put Abel in it and buried it with weeping. When Adam was 230 years old, he begat Seth and two daughters, and took one Cain and the other Seth, and therefore people went to multiply and multiply on the earth. And they did not know who created them, they were filled with fornication, all uncleanness, murder, envy, and people lived like cattle. Only Noah alone was righteous in the human race. And he begat three sons: Shem, Ham, and Japheth. And God said: “My spirit shall not abide among men”; and also: “I will destroy what I have created, from man to cattle.” And the Lord God said to Noah: “Build an ark 300 cubits long, 80 wide, and 30 high”; the Egyptians call Sazhen elbow. One hundred years Noah made his ark, and when Noah told the people that there would be a flood, they laughed at him. When the ark made, the Lord said to Noah: “Enter it, and your wife, and your sons, and your daughters-in-law, and bring in a couple from all the animals, and from all the birds, and from all the reptiles.” And Noah brought in whom God had commanded him. God brought the flood to the earth, all living things drowned, and the ark floated on the water. When the water slept, Noah came out, his sons and wife. From them the earth was inhabited. And there were many people, and they spoke the same language, and they said to each other: “Let us build a pillar unto heaven.” They started to build; and God said: “Behold, people have multiplied and their vain intentions.” And God came down, divided their speech into 70 and 2 languages. Only the tongue of Adam was not taken from Eber; this one of all remained uninvolved in their crazy work, and said this: “If God had ordered people to create a pillar to heaven, he would have commanded it with his word - just as he had made heaven, earth, sea, all visible and invisible.” That is why his language has not changed; Jews went from him. So, people were divided into 71 languages \u200b\u200band dispersed to all countries, and each nation took on its own character. According to the teachings of the devil, they offered sacrifices to groves, wells and rivers, and did not know the true God. 2242 years passed from Adam to the flood, and 529 years passed from the flood to the division of peoples. Then the devil led people even more astray, and they began to create idols: some - wooden, others - copper, third - marble, and some - gold and silver. And they bowed to them, and brought their sons and daughters to them, and slaughtered them before them, and all the land was defiled. The first was Serukh's idols, he created them in honor of dead people: he set some to the former kings, others to brave people and sorcerers, and adulterers wives. Serug gave birth to Farrah, and Farrah begat three sons: Abraham, Nahor, and Aaron. Farra did idols, having learned this from his father. Abraham, having begun to understand the truth, looked at the sky and saw the stars and the sky, and said: verily is the God who created heaven and earth, and my father deceives people. And Abraham said: “I will test the gods of my father,” and he turned to his father: “Father! Why are you fooling people by making wooden idols? He is God who created heaven and earth. ” Abraham, taking fire, lit idols in the temple. Aaron, the brother of Abraham, seeing this and honoring the idols, wanted to endure them, but he himself immediately burned down and died before his father. Before this, the son did not die before the father, but the father before the son; and since then the sons began to die before the fathers. But God loved Abraham and told him: “Go out of your father’s house and go to the land that I will show you, and I will make a great nation from you, and the generations of men will bless you.” And Abraham did as God commanded him. And Abraham took his nephew of Lot; this lot was for him both brother-in-law and nephew, since Abraham took for himself the daughter of Aaron's brother, Sarah. And Abraham came to the land of Canaan to a high oak, and God said to Abraham: “I will give this land to your seed”. And Abraham bowed to God. Abraham was 75 years old when he left Haran. Sarah was barren, hurt by disgrace. And Sarah said to Abraham, "Go in to my slave." And Sarah Hagar took it and gave it to her husband, and Abraham went in to Hagar. Hagar conceived and bore a son, and Abraham called him Ishmael. Abraham was 86 years old when Ishmael was born. Then Sarah conceived and bore a son, and Isaac called her. And God commanded Abraham to circumcise the lad, and they circumcised him on the eighth day. God loved Abraham and his people, and called him his people, and separated him from others, calling them his people. And Isaac matured, and Abraham lived 175 years and died, and was buried. When Isaac was 60 years old, he bore two sons: Esau and Jacob. Esau was lying, and Jacob was righteous. This Jacob worked with his uncle for seven years, seeking the hands of his youngest daughter, and Laban, his uncle, did not give it to him, saying: “Take the eldest”. And he gave him Leah, the eldest, and for the sake of another, he told him to work another seven years. He worked another seven years for Rachel. And so he took two sisters and gave birth to eight sons from them: Reuben, Simeon, Levgy, Judah, Isahar, Zaulon, Joseph and Benjamin, and from two slaves: Dan, Neftalim, Gad and Asir. And the Jews went from them. Jacob, when he was 130 years old, went to Egypt, together with his whole clan, numbering 65 souls. He lived in Egypt for 17 years and died, and his offspring were enslaved for 400 years. After these years, the Jews strengthened and multiplied, and the Egyptians kept them in slavery. In these times, Moses was born to the Jews, and the Egyptian magi told the king: "A child was born to the Jews, who will destroy Egypt." And immediately the king commanded all born Jewish children to be thrown into the river. The mother of Moses, frightened by this extermination, took the baby, put it in the basket and carried it and put it in the flood meadow. At this time, the daughter of the pharaoh Fermuf came to bathe and saw a crying child, took him, spared, called Moses and nurtured. But that boy was handsome, and when he was four years old, he brought his daughter Pharaoh to his father. Pharaoh, seeing Moses, fell in love with the boy. Moses, clutching somehow at the king’s neck, dropped the crown from the royal head and stepped on it. The sorcerer, having seen this, said to the king: “O king! Destroy the youth of this, but if you do not destroy, then he will destroy the whole of Egypt. ” The tsar not only did not listen to him, but, moreover, ordered not to destroy Jewish children. Moses matured and became a great man in the house of Pharaoh. When another king became in Egypt, the boyars began to envy Moses. Moses, having killed the Egyptian who offended the Jew, fled from Egypt and came to the land of Midian, and when he was walking through the desert, he learned from the angel Gabriel about the existence of the whole world, about the first man and what happened after him and after the flood, and about the confusion of languages, and who lived for how many years, and about the movement of stars and their number, and the measure of the earth, all wisdom. Then God appeared to Moses in a burning thorn bush and told him: “I saw the grief of my people in Egypt and came down to free them from Egyptian authority, to lead them out of this land. Go to Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and say to him: “Let Israel go out so that they may fulfill God for three days.” If the king of Egypt does not listen to you, then I will beat him with all my wonders. ” When Moses came, the Pharaoh did not listen to him, and God sent ten executions to him: 1) bloodied rivers, 2) toads, 3) midges, 4) dog flies, 5) pestilence, 6) abscesses, 7) hail, 8) locusts, 9) three-day darkness, 10) pestilence for people. Therefore, God put ten executions on them because they drowned Jewish children for ten months. When the plague began in Egypt, Pharaoh said to Moses and his brother Aron: “Go away as soon as possible!” Moses, having gathered the Jews, went from Egypt. And the Lord led them through the deserts to the Red Sea, and the pillar of fire went in front of them at night, and in the afternoon cloudy. But Pharaoh heard that people were running, and chased after them, and pressed them to the sea. When the Jews saw what their position was, they cried out to Moses: “Why did he bring us to death?” And Moses cried to God, and the Lord said: “What are you calling to me? Hit the rod with the sea. ” And Moses did so, and the water parted in two, and the children of Israel went into the sea. Seeing this, the pharaoh pursued them, but the sons of Israel crossed the sea on dry land. And when they went ashore, the sea closed over Pharaoh and his soldiers. And the God of Israel loved, and they walked from the sea three days in the wilderness, and came to Merra. The water was bitter here, and people complained of God, and the Lord showed them the tree, and Moses put it in the water, and the water was sweetened. Then people again complained of Moses and Aron: “It was better for us in Egypt, where we ate meat, onions and bread to the full.” And the Lord said to Moses, “I heard the murmur of the sons of Israel,” and he gave them manna to eat. Then he gave them a law on Mount Sinai. When Moses ascended the mountain to God, people cast off the head of the calf and bowed to her as God. And Moses was cut out by three thousand of these people. And then again the people blamed on Moses and Aron, since there was no water. And the Lord said to Moses: “Hit a stone with a rod.” And Moses answered: “But what if he does not let out water?” And the Lord was angry with Moses that he had not magnified the Lord. And he did not enter the promised land because of the grumbling of people, but he elevated it to Mount Vama and showed the promised land. And Moses died on that mountain. And Joshua took power. This one went through the wilderness, entered the promised land, beat the Canaanite tribe, and instilled in their place the sons of Israel. When Jesus died, Judge Judas took his place; and there were fourteen other judges. With them, the Jews forgot God, who brought them out of Egypt, and began to serve demons. And God was angry, and delivered them to strangers for plunder. When they began to repent, God had mercy on them; and when he delivered them, they again declined to serve demons. Then there was judge Ilya the priest, and then the prophet Samuel. And the people said to Samuel, “Set us a king.” And the Lord was angry with Israel, and set king Saul for them. However, Saul did not want to obey the law of the Lord, and the Lord chose David, and made him king of Israel, and pleased David. God promised this to David that God would be born of his tribe. He first began to prophesy of the incarnation of God, saying: "From the womb before the morning star I begat you." So he prophesied 40 years and died. And after him, his son Solomon prophesied, who created a temple to God and named it the Holy of Holies. And he was wise, but in the end he sinned; reigned 40 years and died. After Solomon his son Rehoboam reigned. Under him, the Jewish kingdom was divided in two: in Jerusalem, one, and in Samaria another. Jeroboam the servant of Solomon reigned in Samaria; he created two golden calves and set up - one at Bethel on the hill, and the other at Dan, saying: "Behold your Gods, Israel." And people worshiped, but they forgot God. So in Jerusalem they began to forget God and worship Baal, that is, the God of war, in other words, Areus; and they forgot the God of their fathers. And God began to send prophets to them. The prophets began to convict them of lawlessness and worship of idols. They, convicted, began to beat the prophets. God was angry with Israel and said: “I will cast away from myself, I will call other people who will obey me. If they sin, I will not remember their iniquity. ” And he began to send the prophets, telling them: "Prophesy about the rejection of the Jews and the calling of new nations."

Hosea was the first to prophesy: \u200b\u200b“I will put an end to the kingdom of the house of Israel. I will crush the bow of Israel ... I will no longer have mercy on the house of Israel, but, sweeping aside, I will reject them, says the Lord, and they will be wanderers among the nations. " Jeremiah said: “Even if Moses and Samuel appeared before me ... I will not have mercy on them.” And Jeremiah said the same: “Thus saith the Lord: Here I have sworn by my great name that my name will not be spoken by the mouth of the Jews.” Ezekiel said: “Thus says Lord Adonai: I will scatter you, and I will scatter all the rest of you in all the winds ... Because they have defiled my sanctuary with all your abominations; I will reject you ... and I will not have mercy on you. ” Malachi said: “Thus saith the Lord: My favor is no longer with you ... For from east to west my name will be glorified among the nations, and in every place they will bring incense to my name and pure sacrifice, since my name will be great between peoples. For this I will give you to reproach and to scatter among all nations. ” Isaiah the great said: “Thus saith the Lord: I will stretch out my hand against you, I will rot and scatter you, and I will not gather you again.” And the same prophet said: "I hated the holidays and your new months, and I do not accept your Saturdays." Amos the prophet said: “Listen to the word of the Lord: I will raise weeping for you, the house of Israel has fallen and will not rise again.” Malachi said: “Thus saith the Lord: I will send a curse on you and curse your blessing ... I will destroy it and it will not be with you.” And many prophets prophesied about their rejection.

God commanded the same prophets to prophesy about calling other nations in their place. And Isaiah began to cry, so to speak: “A law will come from me, and I will put my judgment in the light for the nations. “My truth is close and ascending ... and nations are hoping for my muscle.” Jeremiah said: “Thus saith the Lord: I will make a new covenant with the house of Judah ... Giving them laws in their understanding, and on their hearts I will write them, and I will be God to them, and they will be my people.” Isaiah said: “The past has passed, and the new one, before the announcement, it has been shown to you. Sing a new song to God. ” “My servants will be given a new name that will be blessed throughout the earth.” “My house will be called the house of prayer of all nations.” The same prophet Isaiah says: “The Lord will lay bare his holy muscle before the eyes of all nations, and all ends of the earth will see the salvation of our God.” David says: “Praise the Lord to all nations, glorify him all people.”

So God loved the new people and revealed to them that He would come down to them, appear as a man in the flesh and atone for the suffering of Adam's sin. And David began to prophesy of the incarnation of God, before others: “The Lord said to my Lord: Sit on my right hand, until I put your enemies at the foot of your feet.” And again: “The Lord told me: You are my son; I have given birth to you now. ” Isaiah said: "Neither the ambassador nor the messenger, but God himself, having come, will save us." And again: "A baby will be born to us, dominion is on his shoulders, and an angel will call his name a great light ... His power is great, and his world has no limit." And again: “Behold, a virgin in the womb will conceive, and they will call his name Immanuel.” Micah said: “You, Bethlehem, is the house of Ephrant, are you not great among the thousands of Jews? After all, you will come from one who should be the sovereign in Israel and whose origin is from eternal days. Therefore, he sets them up to the time until he gives birth to those who give birth, and then their remaining brothers will return to the sons of Israel. " Jeremiah said: "This is our God, and no one else can compare with him. He found all the ways of wisdom and gave it to his youth Jacob ... After that he appeared on the earth and lived between people." And more: “He is a man; who will know that he is God? for he dies like a man. " Zachariah said: “They have not listened to my son, but I will not hear them, says the Lord.” And Hosea said, “Thus saith the Lord: my flesh is from them.”

Alexander Yakovlevich Askoldov had a commissar as a father ... Hero of the Civil War, director of the Bolshevik plant, one of the largest in Kiev. In 37, he was taken directly from the hospital, where he was treating old wounds, and taken to Lubyanka, in Moscow, where he was shot. Then they came for mom. When she was taken away at night, he heard the elder say to the escort: you will arrange her and back for the kid. Sasha was five, he still could not tie shoelaces, and he could not open the door. He touchingly tells about this: when everything turned out when he realized that he had to run: his shoes were laced up and he guessed to put a chair on the door and remembered how they cheerfully went to visit his father’s friends who lived nearby, and went. It was a large Jewish family, they understood everything, and burst into tears, seized; none of the neighbors reported; and then they managed to send my grandmother to Moscow. He sought them after, but traces were lost somewhere in Babi Yar ...

“Obviously, they died, these people who sheltered me, and I think that the gratitude that lived in me all these years to this family was, to some extent, an impulse that also influenced the birth of the picture, which became the movie "Commissar".

My grandmother is a simple village woman, very smart, very tough, her maiden name is Bogoroditskaya; she went to the monastery, looked after a very sick woman, who was called abbess at our place ... She worked as a grandmother in the depot, at Novodevichy’s, as a night tram cleaner, and earned money by doing laundry. Three years later, mom was released; it was almost impossible to get settled, but she was courageous, a person, she achieved it - they took a nanny, washed the pots ... ”Alexander Askold

When the war began, my mother’s old friend was appointed director of the blood transfusion institute, he was able to make her his assistant. She was delivering blood along the fronts. And she herself handed over: the donor was supposed to have a piece of sugar and a piece of butter ... Mom’s merits helped the son of the enemy of the people to go to college, and after even becoming an assistant to the Minister of Culture, my mother was once friendly with Furtseva ...

“At some point, says Alexander Yakovlevich, I felt the absolute senselessness of my work as a bureaucrat; the thaw was over and I left. And I filed, along with everyone, an application for higher directing courses; it was very interesting: people whom I just recently he examined in his ministry, this time they examined me. They smiled, giggled. But he passed. Only Romm asked if it was too late. I said: Michal Ilyich, it’s probably late. But I’m more intolerant of bureaucracy. I want to try something to do ... "

It's time to make a graduation film. “And then, at a party like this, at home, my mom’s friend, funny, laughing, suddenly says: you know, I read Grossman’s story yesterday, there’s such a story! The commisar’s came to a Jewish family, she had time to give birth, and so on ... And I crawled out from the table, into another room, hardly realizing myself, drew up a plan for the future picture, and I did not want to think about anything else. I naively thought that I would make such a picture, I understand this about life, that tomorrow, after watching this film, people will become a little better. Just a lot of things worried me, I saw a huge dissonance: interethnic relations in the country, I was deeply hurt by the absolute lack of culture in relation to religion, outraged by the cloying image in our art of the Civil War. I believed that war is the limit of immorality, and civil war is lawlessness. ” Alexander Askoldov.

Rolan Bykov said that Askold was the first to show the Civil War as a tragedy. A woman must love, give birth and raise children, and she kills. The female image is the image of Russia; Mother. His understanding of the Russian apocalypse is a continuation of the pillar way of all Russian literature: it was not without reason that he graduated from philology and for nine years helped Elena Sergeyevna disassemble the Bulgakov archive ... This is the Petrogradskaya Madonna of Petrov-Vodkin, and, of course, the “horses”.

“I saw this dream - a dream about the Commissioner. I saw these horses. I saw these children. I didn’t see people being killed in life, and I thought, what am I going to shoot this? Well this will be a "movie". But I realized that war, injustice, is hardening. If she hardens the child, what then will grow out of him ... And now, the Jewish pogrom arose in the form of a children's game in the pogrom. Perhaps it is immoral to make these kids, for a minute, turn into animals. I with great difficulty shot it. But the result is moral - this should give birth to such an aversion to violence! Which will be stronger than articles and words. " Alexander Askoldov

“At first, Rolan Bykov said, many supported the picture, since the topic was supported in the world, and I wanted a good relationship from international filmmakers ... But the first denunciation that was painted on the picture was the denunciation of our consultant, rabbi of the Moscow synagogue. He wrote that the anti-Semites Shukshin, Mordyukov and Bykov had gathered and were mocking the image of a Jew. This letter came to the party committee ... a terrible panic. And I asked Askoldov to give me a talk with this rabbi, and asked: "What doesn’t suit you?" He says: Why are you playing such a dirty Jew? Are the Jews so dirty? I answered: Who told you that I play a Jew? What, playing Hamlet, should I play the Dane? I play the father of seven children. Civil war time: at every corner the hairdresser is not working, the baths are closed, there is no soap: where can he come from, so clean? And then you see only individual shots, bricks, and what I will build of bricks, which temple you can’t imagine ... ”

They met in their youth, when Askoldov bypassed Bykov at the competition of readers. Then fate brought them to St. Petersburg when Alexander Yakovlevich, the official sent Furtseva to close the Bykovsky performance, on the contrary defended him ... At first, Rolan Antonovich refused to play the Komissar. Then he thought and decided to play a Jew whom everyone does not like, so that they would fall in love. So they built the role of Yefim Magazanik. Naturally, he has a nervous breakdown when he needs to give the room to the commissioner. But when he learns that she is expecting a baby, he sews her a dress, gives slippers, repairs the bed. And when she gives birth in agony, she prays, as for her own.

Not only Efim is changing. Looking at this family, at Mary, their faith and true love - he washes her feet, like Christ to the apostles! - The Commissioner is changing. The commissar becomes a woman and runs to baptize, to devote his child to God. “Listen to her singing! This katsapka is completely crazy ... Either he will catch a cold, then he has a fever ... - like a good Jewish mother, in a word. - And what do you think? If a woman puts on leather pants, this makes her a man ... "

“In order to shoot the scene“ Passage of the Doomed ”, an extras were needed. Where can I get so many Jews? Tells A.Ya. On the advice of an entangled man, he put on his cap and went to the local rabbi. He listened to me and said: "I have served my own, I don’t want to sit still for your picture, and I can’t substitute people, they believe me." I have despair. I am writing a letter to the Secretary of the Central Committee of the Party of Ukraine, comrade Skobe: "I’m making a film about the revolution, about ordinary people, about Jews ... Help!" What do you think? An instructor came from the regional committee, the command was given, they just asked me, and bring children? and children! And when the extras were ready, and we should have already started, the man with the violin said: Comrade Mordyukova, I have a word for you. We will not act in film because later Jews will laugh at us. Mordyukova says: We are shooting this picture, and you are a coward! Oh you Jews! He retired; circle, consulted; he said: comrade director, we will be filming. Only your movie will never come out. I said: come out! "

When Alexander Yakovlevich is asked what this film is about, he always answers: about Love; to a woman, to children, to a neighbor, and to that one, the largest, about whom the Lord speaks in the Gospel: as if someone will lay down his soul for his friends. Claudia Vavilova, understanding what the people who love her love risk, as if seeing their future, goes to fight for them. Knowing that - for certain death.

“The most painful thing, says Askolds, was that it was not party workers, not the KGB, but the artist brothers who began to kill the picture. At the studio there was a viewing, the film was not accepted. He was kicked out of work for professional unsuitability! "The clatter and whistle is still in my ears." Then he was accused of embezzlement of public money. There were proceedings. They could easily have planted ... The sympathizers said: remove the Holocaust scene, and they will leave us behind. He sacrificed himself.

When the moment of complete despair came - the picture was washed away, all the working material was destroyed, he began to write letters to Suslov - asking the all-powerful ideologist of the party to keep at least one copy. And Suslov saved.

“The 86th year was the hardest. When Perestroika was already raging. When the Fifth Congress of Cinematographers took place and pictures lying on them for a long time were taken off the shelves ... And about the film "Commissar" the Goskino collegium gathered, closed where my colleagues ... buried the "Commissar" in the ground. And I ended up in complete isolation.

There was a Moscow festival in July 87, says A. .. There was a press conference in the framework of this forum. And in response to a question from a Brazilian journalist - are all the paintings on the shelf already released to the screen? - sounded: that's it. Something revolted me, something irrational raised it, went to the presidium and said: “20 years ago I shot a picture, anti-war, a picture of a cancerous tumor of mankind - chauvinism. I don’t know if it’s good or bad. But I invested in she’s got all her strength and skill. I ask you, look and say whether she’s alive or dead. " The next day Gorbachev received the famous writer Marquez - and De Niro, Marquez, Vanessa Redgrave was present on my demarche ... - and Marquez apparently told Gorbachev what had happened. A command was given, and on July 11, in the same White Hall of the Cinema House, where I was expelled from the party and muzzled, the “Commissar” was shown. The public reaction was amazing. Bykov cried, and all the guests wanted to know more about the fate of the picture, and in general, this viewing decided her fate - the “Commissar” broke free. ” Alexander Askoldov

In this article, we suggest you familiarize yourself with the most famous biblical stories. It is known that bible plots  became the basis of many works of culture. Getting to know Bible stories does not just teach us wisdom, tolerance, and faith. Bible legends help us better understand our culture and ourselves.

In this material, we offer you the biblical stories of the Old and New Testaments. The greatest prophets, kings of the Ancient World, apostles and Christ himself are the heroes of epic biblical tales.

World creation.

The biblical story of the creation of the world is described in Genesis (1st chapter). This biblical story is fundamental to the whole Bible. He not only tells how it all began, he also establishes the basic teachings about who God is and who we are in our relationship with God.

Creation of man.

Man was created on the sixth day of creation. From this biblical legend, we learn that man is the pinnacle of the universe, created in the image of God. This is the source of human dignity, and that is why we are following spiritual growth, so we will be more like it. Having created the first people, the Lord bequeathed to them to be fruitful, multiply, fill the earth, and rule over animals.

Adam and Eve - The Story of Love and the Fall

The story of the creation of the first people of Adam and Eve and how Satan, under the guise of a serpent, seduced Eve to sin and eat the forbidden fruit from the tree of good and evil. Chapter 3 of Genesis describes the story of the fall and expulsion of the first people from Eden. Adam and his wife Eve are the first people on Earth in the Bible, created by God and the ancestors of the human race.

Cain and Abel - the story of the first murder.

Cain and Abel are brothers, sons of the first people - Adam and Eve. Cain killed Abel because of jealousy. The plot of Cain and Abel is the plot of the first murder on a young Earth. Abel was a herder, and Cain a farmer. The conflict began with a sacrifice to God made by both brothers. Abel sacrificed the first-born heads of his flock, and God accepted his sacrifice, while Cain, the fruits of the earth, rejected the sacrifice because it was not brought with a pure heart.

Longevity of the first people.

We were asked many times in the comments on the chapters of the book of Genesis why people lived so long in those days. Let's try to imagine all possible interpretations of this fact.

Great Flood.

Chapters 6–9 of Genesis tell the story of the Great Flood. God was angry with the sins of mankind and sent rains to the earth that caused the Flood. The only people who managed to escape were Noah and his family. God bequeathed to Noah to build an ark, which became a shelter for him and his relatives, as well as for animals and birds, whom Noah took with him to the ark.

Babel

After the Great Flood, humanity was a single people and spoke the same language. The tribes who came from the east decided to build the city of Babylon and a tower to heaven. The construction of the tower was interrupted by God, who created new languages \u200b\u200bdue to which people ceased to understand each other and could not continue the construction.

Abraham's covenant with the Lord

In Genesis, several chapters are devoted to the after-flood patriarch Abraham. Abraham was the first person with whom the Lord God made the Covenant, according to which, Abraham will become the father of many nations.

The Sacrifice of Isaac.

The book of Genesis describes the story of Isaac's failed sacrifice by his father Abraham. According to Genesis, God called Abraham to offer his son Isaac as a “burnt offering”. Abraham obeyed without hesitation, but the Lord spared Isaac, convinced of Abraham's allegiance.

Isaac and Rebekah

The story of the son of Abraham Isaac and his wife Rebekah. Rebekah was the daughter of Bethuel and the granddaughter of Abraham’s brother, Nahor (Abraham, who lived in Canaan, decided to find Isaac’s wife in his homeland, in Harran).

Sodom and Gomorrah

Sodom and Gomorrah are two well-known biblical cities that, according to Genesis, were destroyed by God for the sinfulness and debauchery of their inhabitants. The only ones who managed to survive were the son of Abraham Lot and his daughters.

Lot and his daughters.

In the tragedy of Sodom and Gomorrah, God spared only Lot and his daughters, since Lot was the only righteous person in Sodom. After fleeing from Sodom, Lot settled in the city of Sigor, but soon left and settled with his daughters in a cave in the mountains.

The Story of Joseph and His Brothers

The biblical story of Joseph and his brothers is told in Genesis. This is a story of God's faithfulness to the promises made to Abraham, His omnipotence, omnipotence and omniscience. Joseph's brothers sold him into slavery, but the Lord thus directed their destinies that they themselves carried out what they so sought to prevent - the exaltation of Joseph.

Egyptian executions

According to the book of Exodus, Moses in the name of the Lord demanded that Pharaoh release the enslaved sons of Israel. The Pharaoh did not agree and 10 executions of the Egyptians were destroyed in Egypt - ten calamities.

The Wanderings of Moses

The story of the forty-year exodus of Jews from Egypt under the leadership of Moses. After forty years of wandering, the Israelites went around Moab and went to the coast of the Jordan at Mount Nebo. Here Moses died, appointing Joshua as his successor.

Manna from heaven

According to the Bible, manna from heaven is the food that God fed the people of Israel during their 40-year wanderings in the wilderness after leaving Egypt. Manna looked like white grains. Manna was collected in the morning.

Ten  commandments

According to the book of Exodus, the Lord gave Moses the Ten Commandments on how to live and relate to God and one another.

Battle of Jericho

The biblical story tells how Moses' successor - Joshua asked the Lord to help him take the city of Jericho, whose inhabitants were afraid of the Israelites and did not want to open the gates of the city.

Samson and Delilah

The story of Samson and Delilah is described in the Book of Judges. Delilah is a woman who betrayed Samson, who paid for her love and devotion by giving the secret of Samson's strength to his worst enemies - the Philistines.

Ruth's story

Ruth is the great-grandmother of King David. Ruth was known for her righteousness and beauty. The story of Ruth embodies the righteous entry into the Jewish people.

David and Goliath

The biblical story of a young man who, led by faith, defeated the great warrior. Young David is the future God-chosen king of Judea and Israel.

Ark of the Testament of God

The Ark of the Covenant is the greatest shrine of the Jewish people, in which the stone Tablets of the Covenant were stored, as well as a vessel with manna and Aaron's staff.

The wisdom of King Solomon.

King Solomon is the son of David and the third Jewish king. His reign is described as a wise and just government. Solomon was considered the personification of wisdom.

Solomon and the Queen of Sheba

The biblical story of how the legendary Arabian ruler Queen of Sheba paid a visit to King Solomon, famous for his wisdom.

Golden image of Nebuchadnezzar

Nebuchadnezzar, who saw a golden idol in a dream, could not help himself wanting to make a similar statue of enormous size and of pure gold.

Queen Esther

Esther was a beautiful, quiet, modest, but energetic and ardently devoted woman to her people and her religion. He is the intercessor of the Jewish people.

Job long-suffering

Biblical tales of the New Testament.

Birth of John the Baptist

The Old Testament ends with the hope that God will send Elijah to prepare people for the coming of the Savior, the Messiah. Such a person is John the Baptist, who prepares people for the coming of the Messiah, telling them about repentance.

Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary

The biblical story of the proclamation by the archangel Gabriel to the Virgin Mary of the future birth in the flesh of Jesus Christ from her. An angel came to the Virgin and uttered the words that she was chosen by God and gained grace from God.

Birth of jesus

In Genesis, there are prophecies about the coming of the Messiah. There are more than 300 of them in the Old Testament. These prophecies come true in the birth of Jesus Christ.

Gifts of the Magi.

Three wise men bring gifts to the baby Jesus for Christmas. In the Bible, magicians are kings or magicians who come from the East to bow to the infant Jesus. The Magi learned about the birth of Jesus by the appearance of a wonderful star.

Massacre of the innocents

The massacre of infants is a biblical tradition described in the Gospel of Matthew. The legend speaks of the massacre of infants in Bethlehem after the birth of Jesus. Murdered babies are revered by a number of Christian churches as holy martyrs.

Baptism of jesus

Jesus Christ came to John the Baptist, who was at the Jordan River in Bifavar with the goal of being baptized. John said: "I need to be baptized from You, and Do you come to me?" To this, Jesus replied that “we must fulfill all righteousness,” and received the baptism from John.

Temptation of christ

After baptism, Jesus went into the wilderness to accept the forty-day fast. In the wilderness, the devil tempted Jesus. In Christianity, the temptation of Christ by the devil is interpreted as one of the proofs of the double nature of Jesus, and the wounding of the Devil by Him is an example of the struggle against evil and the beneficial result of baptism.

Jesus walks on water

Jesus' walking on the waters is one of the miracles performed by Christ to assure the disciples of His divinity. Water walking is described in the three Gospels. This is a famous biblical plot that was used for Christian icons, mosaics, etc.

Expulsion of merchants from the temple

A biblical plot describing an episode of the earthly life of the Messiah. At the Easter festival in Jerusalem, the Jews drove the sacrificial cattle and set up shops in the temple. After entering Jerusalem, Christ went to the temple, saw the merchants, and drove them out.

The Last Supper

The Last Supper is the last meal of Jesus Christ with His twelve disciples, during which He established the sacrament of the Eucharist and predicted the betrayal of one of the disciples.

Prayer for the cup

Prayer for the cup or Gethsemane prayer is the prayer of Christ in the Garden of Gethsemane. Prayer for the cup is an expression of the fact that Jesus had two wills: Divine and human.

Judas Kiss

A biblical story found in the three gospels. Judas kissed Christ at night in the Garden of Gethsemane after praying for the chalice. The kiss was familiar for the arrest of the Messiah.

Pilate's Court

The Judgment of Pilate is the judgment of the Roman procurator of Judea, Pontius Pilate, described in the four Gospels over Jesus Christ. The judgment of Pilate is among the Passion of Christ.

The abdication of the apostle Peter

Peter's abdication is a New Testament story telling about how the apostle Peter renounced Jesus after his arrest. Renunciation was foretold by Jesus during the Last Supper.

The Way of the Cross

The way of the cross or the carrying of the cross is a biblical story, an integral part of the Suffering of Jesus, which is the path that Christ walked under the weight of the cross, on which he was subsequently crucified.

Crucifixion

The execution of Jesus took place at Calvary. The execution of Christ through the crucifixion on the cross is the final episode of the Passion of Christ, which precedes the burial and Resurrection of Christ. Jesus suffered on the cross next to the robbers.

Resurrection.
On the third day after death, Jesus Christ rose from the dead. His body has changed. He left the tomb, without breaking the Sanhedrin seal and invisible to the guard.

TV Show Summary

About great artists

The biblical plot is a program about works of art in which biblical motifs are observed. During the Renaissance, most of the paintings were dedicated to the Holy Scriptures, history and characters of the Eternal Book. Choosing a specific fragment, the artist wanted not only to show his vision of the plot, but also to understand it deeper, to study himself and the essence of man. Therefore, in the paintings of different masters, the same fragment of the story may look different. Nevertheless, it is from their paintings that we know the faces of many saints.

Parts of the whole

In the biblical story, each issue is dedicated to a specific person. The presenter Dmitry Mendeleev talks about the artist and his canvases, analyzes not only the aesthetic side of the work, but also its essence. We learn about the fate of those who created the paintings hundreds of years ago, and about the works themselves, which received fame. One of the heroes of the program was Filippo Lippi. This Italian worked in the early Renaissance, in many respects contributed to the development of naturalism in Italian art. His “Madonna and Child with Two Angels” is well known.

Always up to date

Biblical motifs can be found in the works of masters of any era, from the Renaissance to the present. Everyone knows the story of the return of the prodigal son. Valery Bryusov, a Russian artist of the mid-19th century, also used it for his painting. He is considered the founder of symbolism in the visual arts. From the online Bible story program, we learn about his life and the famous painting. There is something surprising in the fate of every creator.

September 30, 1452 in Mainz Johannes Gutenberg printed the first book - the Bible. The Bible contains many different subjects. Today we decided to make a selection of the five most popular Bible stories.

The Bible is a collection of sacred texts of Christians, consisting of the Old and New Testaments. The Old Testament is also a sacred text of the Jews. The New Testament is the second part of the Bible, a collection of 27 Christian books that have come down to us in the ancient Greek language. This part of the Bible is most important for Christianity, while Judaism does not consider it inspired.

Nativity

One of the most important stories in the New Testament. Mary and Joseph arrived in Bethlehem due to the census of the Roman Empire. According to the law, each resident of the empire was to appear in his city. Both Joseph and Mary were the descendants of David; they went to Bethlehem. When Mary and Joseph arrived in the city, all the hotels were already occupied. Mary had a suitable birth date, so the Holy Family took refuge in a cave near the city, which was used as a stable for animals, where the baby Jesus Christ was born. After birth, Jesus lay in a manger for animal feed. Of the people shepherds came to bow to him, notified of this event by the appearance of an angel. According to the Evangelist Matthew, a wonderful star was revealed in heaven, which led to the baby Jesus the Magi. They presented gifts to Christ - gold, frankincense and myrrh.

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Judas Kiss

The plot of Judas's kiss is in three versions of the gospel. Judas Iscariot, deciding to betray Christ, brought many high priests and armed people, then Judas went to Jesus and betrayed him, pointing him to the guard, kissing at night in the Garden of Gethsemane after praying for the cup. After this kiss, which was familiar to the people that Jesus should be arrested, the following Passion of Christ began. The kiss of Judas Iscariot is one of the Passions of Christ.

Crucifixion

The execution took place at Calvary, on it was the crucifixion of Christ. The execution of Jesus Christ through a crucifixion on the cross is the final episode of the Passion of Christ and preceding the burial and Resurrection of Christ. Jesus suffered on the cross; two robbers were crucified next to him. One told Christ that if He is Christ, then may He save us and Himself. The second robber defended Jesus and repented of his sins. Then Jesus told him that he would repent with him in paradise.

Resurrection of jesus christ

When the Sabbath passed, at night, on the third day after his suffering and death, the Lord Jesus Christ rose from the dead. His body is completely transformed. He left the tomb without falling off the stone, without breaking the Sanhedrin seal and invisible to the guard. From this moment, the soldiers, without knowing it, guarded the empty coffin. Later, Mary Magdalene was ahead of the rest of the myrrh-bearing women and the first came to the tomb. It was early, it was dark outside. Mary saw that the stone was rolled away from the tomb, immediately ran to Peter and John and said: "They took the Lord out of the tomb, and we don’t know where they laid Him." Hearing such words, Peter and John immediately ran to the sepulcher. Not finding the body of Jesus Christ, they noticed an angel in white clothing sitting on the right side of the place where the Lord was laid, and they were seized by horror. The angel said to them: “Do not be horrified; Jesus seek the Nazarene crucified; He is risen; He is not here. This is the place where He was laid. But go, tell His disciples and Peter that He will meet you in Galilee, there you will see Him, as He told you. "