You can plant pumpkin open ground. Proper planting and care of pumpkin in the open ground. Planting pumpkins in open ground with seeds

Growing and planting seedlings in open ground

It happens that female flowers bloom earlier than male flowers, then you can pollinate with male flowers of another related plant - zucchini or squash are suitable. The fruits ripen perfectly, but it will be impossible to use seeds for planting, so if you want to sell or plant seeds, then you need to pollinate only with the flowers of the same plant.

Planting seeds in the soil

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Pumpkin planting dates - the second decade of May

Spider mite is a pest that creates a thin Putin on the back of pumpkin leaves. Control measures: spraying with a solution of garlic, infusion of onion husks or even plain water.

The first (one and a half weeks after transplanting seedlings or 21 days after sowing seeds): slurry diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 4;

One of the most important components of pumpkin care is

Immediately before transplanting the seedlings, 2 kg of compost are introduced into the wells, pouring it with warm water. After planting, the wells are sprinkled with dry earth to prevent crusting. The first week is the most important when delicate plants need shelter from the weather with paper caps or cut-off five-liter plastic containers.

Planting seeds in open ground should be after the soil has warmed up to 11-12 ° C. The beds are prepared as follows:

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Growing pumpkin in the open ground: variety selection, planting, care, harvesting - Onwomen.ru

Mid-ripening varieties with maximum yield

Before planting in the soil, it is desirable to withstand pumpkin seeds in an ash solution for 10-12 hours at a temperature of up to 40 degrees. Plants are sown to a depth of about 5 cm, 4-5 seeds are put in the hole. Aisles should be approximately 1.5 m, in a row between plants - 1.2 m.

Popular varieties

There are about 100 varieties of edible pumpkin. It can have a round, pear-shaped, oval, turban and other shapes. The color of the fruit is also diverse. To be able to consume this vegetable all winter, you need to plant and grow it properly.

After planting pumpkins in open ground, you need to think about protecting it from pests. To prevent the bear from gnawing the roots, several granules of a special preparation called Medvedox are put in each hole during planting.The planting time is determined by the vegetable growers themselves, it depends on the weather and the characteristics of the variety. Hatching seeds of large-fruited and hard-barked pumpkins are planted in the soil when it has already warmed up to 10 degrees at a depth of 10-12 cm. In the Moscow Region, this usually happens at the end of May.
Melon aphid - manifests itself by twisting the leaves with their subsequent drying. Control measures: treatment of beds with a 10% solution of malathion, regular weeding of weeds.Following (2-4 times a month): 50 g of garden mixture or a glass of wood ash in 10 l of water.
WateringSometimes gardeners grow pumpkin seedlings in plastic cups. In such cases, before planting in open ground, plants must be removed without damaging the root system. Otherwise, it will not work to grow a good crop.

Bed preparation

Make holes at a distance of 50 cm from each other, with row spacing 1.5-2.0 m wide;

Each summer resident has his own recipe for preparing seeds. In order to obtain viable seedlings, you can, for example, hold the seeds for 24 hours in a sodium humate fertilizer solution, and then cover them with a damp cloth for one to two days, occasionally wetting the cloth with water. At the same time, the air temperature in the room should be + 22-23 `C.

. These include pumpkin Almond, Marble, Barn. All these are very sweet, evenly ripening and unpretentious varieties with a sugar content of 7-13%.

Pumpkin is considered the queen among gourds, because it has the largest fruits. Farmers of Central America to this day participate in competitions for the largest pumpkin. Some record holders reach a weight of 100 kg or more, and a pumpkin listed in the Guinness Book of Records weighed 300 kg.

Seed preparation

Pumpkin is valued for its healing and palatability. It is used to make cereals, soups, juices, salads, muffins, casseroles and even jam. You can use the pulp for culinary purposes, and solid bordering as an attribute for Halloween. Then you need to plant varieties of round shape with a yellow or orange color. If you want to surprise people who come to the house, plant a pear-shaped variety. Like many others, it lasts until spring at room temperature, if you store an intact fruit. With such instances you can decorate your home. If you want to get an early harvest, plant the seeds on seedlings, and subsequently it in the open ground. Pumpkin should grow at home no more than 25 days, otherwise the seedlings will stretch, so start pre-sowing seed treatment a month before the end of spring frosts. In the middle lane they begin to be etched in potassium permanganate on April 20-25. Make the solution weak. After pouring 3-4 crystals in 100 water, stir it. Then put the pumpkin seeds there for 20 minutes. After that, rinse them and put them to be enriched with nutrients. To do this, you need a bandage and a bowl. Wrap the seeds in a double layer of bandage, put it in a container, pour in a growth stimulator. After 10 hours, drain it, put the bowl for a day in the refrigerator. After this time, hold the wet seeds in a bandage for a day at room temperature. Then plant each seed in a separate pot with a nutritious mixture, it is better to use peat. Do not water the soil, grow seedlings on a bright windowsill or balcony at a temperature of + 15 + 20 ° C, then it will not stretch. At the end of May, pumpkin seedlings are planted in open ground.

In wet, rainy weather, slugs may appear that can kill the pumpkin. Melon aphids, spider mites, sprout flies and nutcrackers - pumpkins have many enemies. To avoid danger, you need to loosen, do not overmoisten the soil, do not leave torn weeds, because many are attracted by plant debris. No wonder gardeners often inspect their plants, at the first appearance of pests, you need to spray the plant with infusion of onion husks, ash, soapy water.

Growing seedlings

In light permeable soil, the seed is laid 8-10 cm, and if the ground is hard, then 4-5 cm with the beak or sprout down. If the landing is shallow, the sprouts can sprout without dropping the seed coat, then birds can peck them. To prevent this from happening, you can close the crops or just check more often and remove the shell manually. Bush pumpkin is planted at a distance of 80 cm from each other, and it is better to plant a climbing pumpkin with an interval of 1 m.

Pumpkin harvesting begins in September and ends after the first frost. The degree of fruit ripeness is determined as follows: if, when pressed on the skin, it retains its integrity, then the pumpkin has ripened. Take off the fruits carefully so as not to hit or drop them, because mechanical damage shortens pumpkin storage life.

In order to grow a good harvest, it is necessary to protect the beds with pumpkin from diseases and pests, of which there are many pumpkins.

. Even a short drought can play a fatal role. The fact is that this vegetable crop has a considerable leaf surface, with which quite a lot of moisture evaporates. Therefore, the pumpkin needs to be regularly watered throughout the growing season and ripening, reducing watering only during flowering.

Planting seeds

Pumpkin is a native of the tropics. This can be seen even by the way it grows: leaves develop more intensively than fruits. In the cold summer, this vegetable crop needs help in ripening, and now we will dwell on how to do it in more detail.

Half a bucket of humus, a glass or two ashes, 20-25 g of nitrophoska are added to each well;
Inexperienced gardeners often make this mistake: they sow old, unprepared seeds and wonder why there are no seedlings. In order not to waste time, you can do the following: soak a small amount of seeds of different varieties at the same time and leave them for germination.
Late ripening varieties
In addition, pumpkin - an integral part of the festival of evil spirits Halloween. On the surface of the fruit, freed from the pulp, the Americans cut their faces, insert a lamp inside and with a cheerful company go home.

If you do not have the opportunity to grow seedlings, you will have time to get large fruits by planting the seeds immediately in open ground. The best time for this is May 15-20. Start to germinate the seeds using the above method two days before planting. This culture, like all members of the pumpkin family, loves to grow on light soil rich in organic matter. Moreover, the latter may be decomposed. It’s easy to prepare the pumpkin area, to avoid unnecessary efforts, start digging from the middle of the ridge. At the same time, take a little land, put it to the left and right side. You will get a trench 60 cm wide. Put grass, dry leaves, semi-decomposed compost, manure in it. Pour 2 tablespoons of nitrofoska per square meter. Shuffle it all with a shovel. Cover the top with earth, which lies on both sides of the trench. Spill the bed with warm water. Plant the pumpkin seeds in a square-nested manner in 2 rows after 50 cm. Cover with a non-woven material on top. If the weather is warm, the first sprouts will appear in 5 days. If it's cool, you have to wait 7-9. After that, remove the non-woven material, water it occasionally, loosen the top layer superficially, water it as needed. On each bush, leave no more than 1-2 ovaries, then the fruits will grow large.

Planting seedlings

Larvae of sprouting flies can only damage planted seedlings if they are attracted to the smell of fresh manure. The nutcracker (wireworm) may remain from previous crops of perennial herbs. To secure planting will allow good tillage and thoughtful crop rotation.

3-5 seeds are placed in each hole at a distance of several centimeters. The soil after sowing is mulched, many are advised to cover it with a film or non-woven fabric from spring cold. When the sprouts appear, they leave 2 of the strongest, and the rest are plucked. The pumpkin has a very developed root system, small sprouts are already intertwined with roots, so as not to damage them (with the slightest damage to the root, the pumpkin will not grow), the extra ones are not torn out, namely pinch off.

Harvested is well stored at a temperature of + 4 ... 8 `C. Some hybrids can retain consumer qualities for a long time at room temperature.

How to care for a pumpkin

Bacteriosis - manifests itself as ulcers and brown spots on the fruits and leaves. The disease develops with changes in temperature and high humidity. Control measures: treatment of beds with Bordeaux liquid or zinc sulfate solution.

In a plant, it is necessary to cut off all the shoots except the three, the strongest. 3-5 ovaries with a diameter of about 15 cm are left on the main stem. The less ovaries are left, the larger the fruits can be obtained. It should be noted that the most delicate and delicious pulp of medium-sized pumpkins. In addition, they are easier to collect and transfer to the storage place.The contents of the well are mixed, spilled with a warm solution of potassium permanganate (1 g per 8-10 liters of water);

Two methods of growing seedlings are practiced: in greenhouses and at home, on the windowsill. Since the second method is more interesting to us, we will dwell on it in more detail.

. They are Zarya Vostoka, Winter Sweet, Mushroom Winter with ripening periods from 140 to 160 days and sugar content of 11-12%. Pumpkin is also very popular in Russia. It is so easy to grow it that even novice growers successfully cope with this task. It does not require the construction of greenhouses and hotbeds and excellently bears fruit even in the northwestern regions of Russia.Pumpkin is not a very capricious plant, however, in order to get a good crop, it is necessary to adhere to certain rules when planting it. Firstly, it is desirable to plant a pumpkin after legumes: beans, peas, and it will feel good in the garden, where last year beets, tomatoes, and potatoes were grown. To get a good crop, you need to take care of the introduction of organic and mineral fertilizers. You can make them directly into the hole, in the amount of about a handful of humus, a glass of ash and 50 grams of superphosphate. All components must be thoroughly mixed with the ground before laying the seeds.

There are many chemicals that can save you from pests, it’s not difficult to find them, but you need to remember that ripening fruits can absorb harmful substances too. It will not be amiss to plant nearby onions, dill and marigolds.

After planting seedlings in the open ground or sprouting from seeds at the pumpkin, side shoots quickly form, they need to be removed, leaving in addition to the main scourge two more side ones. The number of ovaries also needs to be limited, leaving 3-4 on each branch: after counting 5 leaves after the last ovary, the lash must be clipped, then the plant will not waste strength, but will direct them to ripen the fruit. Many delicious pumpkin varieties can be grown by sowing seeds in open ground at the end of May, but not nutmeg - they simply will not rise, it is better to grow them in seedlings. Seeds should be taken only fresh, it is advisable to test them for germination, in order to know what to expect after sowing in the ground. They discard seeds that have surfaced when soaked in salt water, and which sink to the bottom, are prepared for sowing. White rot is a fungal disease that affects the entire plant as a whole. It looks like a white coating on the fruits and leaves, after which the pumpkin gradually rots. Control measures: powdering the beds with lime-cannon, vitriol, crushed charcoal.

Pumpkins demanding soil fertility, love
A few words about pollination

Diseases and Pests

2-3 germinated seeds are planted in each well, with a depth of 5 cm.

The first step is to prepare pots with a diameter of 15 cm and fill them in 2/3 with a mixture of turf (1 part), humus (2 parts) and peat (1 part). Three weeks before the intended planting in the garden, the germinated seeds are sown in pots, sprinkled with a mixture of mullein and ash on top. When sprouts appear, the seedlings are taken out to a room with a temperature of + 13-14 `C.
To ensure a good harvest from pumpkin beds, you need to plant this crop in loose fertile soil in a well-lit, elevated area. On marshy soils and in lowlands, it does not grow.
Of the currently existing 800 varieties and hybrids of pumpkin, only 35 are sweet and suitable for growing in the country or in the garden. We list only the most popular of them.
Nutmeg pumpkin varieties are recommended to be planted with seedlings. Seeds are pre-soaked in an ash solution, then sown in cups with moist soil. In this case, the planting dates for pumpkins for seedlings are calculated so that at the time of planting they were 25-30 days. For seed germination and emergence of seedlings add 5 days.
They plant the pumpkin in fertilized soil, and then feed it with liquid organic-mineral fertilizers. If the soil is rich in fertilizers, it is enough to pour 2-3 times for the entire growth period with liquid diluted bird droppings or mullein with 1 tablespoon of full mineral fertilizer.
So that the wind does not turn the lashes, they are sprinkled with moist soil, in this case additional roots may form, which will further strengthen the plant. The wide leaves of the pumpkin evaporate a lot of moisture, so watering is simply necessary, and only with warm water. After planting in open ground, each plant is watered with 1 liter of water, and the older it is, the more water it needs, so at the end of summer each should receive at least 10 liters. When the fruits have reached their maximum value, watering is stopped.

Pumpkin harvest

Pumpkin seeds before sowing need to be warmed up for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 60 degrees. After that, you need to disinfect them with a pink solution of potassium permanganate. In order for the sprouts to be able to break through the hard skin of the seed, they are soaked for 12 hours with water infusion of ash or at least just water, which is changed every 4 hours. Those summer residents who are not afraid to use chemistry usually soak the seeds with a fertilizer solution or a stimulant (crezacin, epin, potassium humate) to accelerate germination. This not only accelerates growth, but also protects future seedlings from diseases and the adverse effects of the environment.

Root rot - develops due to watering the beds with cold water or sudden changes in temperature. With sick plants, proceed as follows: they cut off rotten roots and sprinkle shoots with earth to form a new root system.

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How is planting pumpkin seeds in open ground

Pick the seeds

Fertilizers

. Sometimes it happens that there are very few male flowers on a pumpkin, or there are none at all. In such cases, manual pollination of plants with other pumpkin crops is practiced - for example, zucchini or squash. True, seeds from such fruits are not suitable for seed material.

After emergence in the wells leave no more than 1-2 plants. In case of return of frosts, you need to have a film ready for shelter.

Landing and care

Seedlings need moderate watering and mandatory nutrition. A solution for feeding is prepared as follows: 20 g of double superphosphate, 15 g of potassium sulfate and nitrate, 50 g of a garden mixture are taken in a bucket of water (8-10 l). Each plant needs about half a liter of mortar.In order to create a pumpkin-like environment, it should be planted along the fence and walls on the south side. This will create an obstacle in the way of cold winds and provide maximum warming action of the sun.

Early ripe sweet varieties

The best time for planting pumpkins into the ground with seeds is the second decade of May, when frosts no longer threaten young plants, the ground is sufficiently warmed up, at that time viburnum is blooming and peonies are blooming.

Planting a pumpkin in depleted soil means dooming yourself to weekly fertilizer of plants throughout the season. Only at the end of summer, when the fruits are already large, can potassium be added as a mineral top dressing.

If there are few bees or bumblebees in the area during pumpkin flowering, you will have to pollinate the plant manually. Male flowers do not sit on the stem, but grow on a long stalk, unlike female flowers, and female flowers under the petals have a thickening (ovary) - so that they are easy to recognize. In the morning (from 9 to 11 o’clock) you need to pick a male flower, carefully cut off the petals from it, and touch the pistils of the female flowers with anther.

Pumpkin is an unpretentious, widespread and easily cultivated plant. Belongs to the genus of thermophilic herbaceous plants, distinguish between food and feed pumpkin. The plant is grown through seeds. In the article we will consider how pumpkin seeds are planted in open ground, what factors should be taken into account to obtain a rich harvest in the country.

Factors Affecting Pumpkin Yields

Pumpkin is a plant for which the length of daylight plays a huge role. Short daylight hours for this vegetable crop is considered the main factor affecting yield. Consequently, a daylight shorter than 12 hours is a favorable factor for the intensive growth of the root system, leafy shoots, which leads to an early transition to fruiting and a rich harvest.

Pumpkin culture prefers peeled areas, so they plant seeds in open ground after preparatory and preventive measures:

clean the soil by peeling from perennial weeds;
after peeling, dig the soil to a depth of at least 30 cm;
stabilize the soil Ph level to a neutral composition;
to form loamy soil. Such soil easily passes and retains water, quickly warms up;
to exclude the proximity to direct growing plants that can block sunlight.

For soil fertility is responsible not only fertilizer, but also the mechanical composition of the soil.

Sandy loam soil warms up well in the sun, easily passes water, but poorly retains it, which leads to leaching of nutrients from the soil layers in which the root ovary of the pumpkin is located. Such soil before planting pumpkins should be improved by increasing the ability to retain moisture.

So that the soil retains moisture, it must be mixed with light loamy soil with a volume of 30-40% of the volume of improved soil.

Planting pumpkin seeds is carried out directly on the beds under the warm climatic conditions of a particular region. If the region is characterized by the absence of a prolonged warm climate, then planting pumpkins in open ground can be done in seedlings.

Preparation of pumpkin seeds for planting in open ground

Preparation is carried out with the selection of large and high-quality pumpkin seeds. Selected seeds must be processed to:

disinfection
increasing the immunity of seeds against diseases;
accelerate growth and development.

To destroy pathogenic microflora on the surface of the seeds, several main methods are distinguished:

Substance name	Cooking method	Time of processing	Additional Information
Potassium Permanganate (potassium permanganate)	1 g of potassium permanganate mixed with 100 ml of warm water	Seeds are soaked in the solution for no more than 30 minutes.	The solution should have a bright red color.
Formalin 40%	3 g of formalin mixed with 300 ml of water at room temperature	Seeds in the bag are soaked for no more than 5 minutes	After soaking, the seeds are left in the bag for 2 hours. After being taken out and dried
Potassium humate	Dilute 0.5 g of potassium humate in a liter of water	Soak the seeds for 24 hours	After soaking, the seeds are covered with wet gauze for 2 days
Humate sodium	Dilute 1/3 tsp sodium humate in 2 liters of water	Soak the seeds for 2 days	At room temperature 20-22 ° С
Sun rays	Put the seeds in direct sunlight	Dried seeds in the sun for 5-7 days	Once a day, seeds must be turned over

Cleaning the surfaces of pumpkin seeds increases their germination capacity, improves the sowing quality of seeds, increases the growth rate of the plant, and increases resistance to diseases and pests.

Pumpkin seeds, before starting to plant them, experienced gardeners test them for germination. To test the seeds, as many seeds are selected as it is not a pity and germinate them. The more seeds were taken, the more accurate the germination percentage will be.

If 15-16 seeds sprouted from 18-20 seeds, then germination is considered fruitful

Germination and hardening of seeds

Experienced gardeners do not recommend planting seeds in open ground. It will be right to germinate the seeds first. To do this, the best seeds after processing from pathogenic microflora, soak the seeds for 2-3 hours in warm water, the water temperature should be 50-55 0 C. After the seeds should be wrapped in a damp thin cloth and placed in a warm place.

The procedure for soaking seeds is necessary for their rapid germination, as well as in order to prevent seeds from being eaten by pests, since the seeds lose their taste after soaking.

Hatching pumpkin seeds are recommended to be passed through the hardening procedure. Basically, hardening is necessary for such pumpkin varieties that are intended for cultivation in the southern regions of the country. For regions with cooler climates, such varieties are recommended to be quenched. The hardening procedure is carried out in two ways:

Swollen or already sprouted pumpkin seeds, without removing the moist tissue, are placed for 3-4 days in the refrigerator in the lower compartment, in which vegetables are stored.
Germination procedure is carried out with sharp temperature changes. For example, the seeds are kept in moist tissue for 10 consecutive hours at a temperature of + 18 +20 ° C., Then the seeds are stored for 2-3 hours in a cool place, the temperature of which is + 1 + 2 ° C.

It is known that pumpkin does not tolerate transplanting; therefore, it is recommended that the sprouted seeds be planted immediately in fertilized beds.

Tip # 1. For the northern regions, planting pumpkin seeds in open ground can be carried out on raised beds. Such beds are formed as follows: in the selected area, a soil layer is removed 25-30 cm deep. Organic fertilizer is laid in the trench formed by layers with soil. The bottom of the trench can be covered with branches, leaves, sawdust, and you can finish with a layer of compost. The finished form of the beds should be 30 cm above the soil level. The elevated bed is fenced with pieces of boards and slate and covered with a dense film.

Under favorable conditions, the seeds germinate on the 3rd day.

Pre-sowing top dressing and term of sowing seeds

Sow seeds after soil treatment. It is important to sow the seeds the same day after tillage. For processing use:

dung / litter;
compost;
mineral fertilizers;
phosphoric fertilizers.

Tip # 2. To set an active growth and development, seeds need to be fertilized with each square meter of bed in the following composition: 2 buckets of humus mixed with half a bucket of sawdust shavings, add 1 liter of wood ash and a glass of mineral fertilizer called Nitrofoska.

Before planting, the seeds are heated at a temperature of 40 degrees for 10 hours

Plant seeds in warm soil. The optimum temperature of the soil for sowing should correspond to at least 10-12 0 C, otherwise there is a risk that the seeds will begin to rot due to the high moisture content in the soil. Gardeners, before sowing pumpkin seeds, beds are watered with hot water.

The best time to plant a pumpkin in open ground seeds is the second half of May. This is the time when seeds and young shoots are no longer threatened with frost. The soil in this period contains less moisture and is warmed enough for planting seeds.

Bookmark pumpkin seeds in open ground

Seeds are sown in the morning, in moist, warm soil, enriched with fertilizers. Before laying seeds into the soil, it is necessary to form holes at a distance of about 1 m from each other. As for row spacing, they are located at a distance of 1.5 - 2 m from each other.

The planting hole is abundantly watered with warm water. Seeds are laid in the wells as water is absorbed to a depth of 9-10 cm. 3-5 seeds are recommended to be sown in each well. Sprinkle the topsoil with fertilizers such as peat or ordinary humus. The fertilizer layer should not exceed 2 cm, because the sprouts are very weak and may not break through a thick layer.

When planting seeds, a seed depth of less than 7-8 cm should be avoided. Shallow seed placement leads to seedlings in the shirt, along with the seed coat.

Pumpkin is very fond of fertilizers. During the growth and development period, feed the plant every two weeks. Pumpkin is planted away from upright plants, and beds are formed in open areas with direct access to sunlight.

We list the basic principles for caring for the growth and development of pumpkins:

seed selection;
seed disinfection;
seed germination;
hardening of seeds;
when sowing, fertilize and pour wells with warm water;
plant seeds to a depth of less than 7-8 cm;
for optimal temperature conditions cover with a film;
beds should be located on the sunny side.

The second stage of pumpkin cultivation is the proper care of the plant: in dressing every 2 weeks, watering and forming ovaries.

Care and formation of ovary pumpkin

The main care procedure is to form the proper growth and development of the plant. Pinch the main stem as soon as it reaches a length of 1.3-1.5 m and an ovary of 1-2 fruits is formed on it.

Lateral processes leave a length of 50-60 cm, provided that they have formed ovaries

A timely pinching procedure of the plant helps to form 3 fruits on one plant: on the main stem and on two side shoots. The main objective of the plant formation procedure is the removal of excess shoots and shoots of the plant. If you do not form a pumpkin plant, then many small fruits will form on it, half of which die due to the lack of a sufficient amount of nutrients, the other half do not have time to ripen.

At the stage of ovary formation, the plant is watered only with warm water. At the time of the formation of the fetus, watering should be limited. Plant nutrition before ripening is required every two weeks. At the ripening stage, it is recommended to put glass under each ripening fruit so that it does not come into contact with the soil, and watering should be plentiful, once a week, 20-25 liters of water per plant.

During the period of pumpkin growth, the implementation of high-quality crop protection from pests is required. The following pest control methods are distinguished:

Pests	Lesion area	How amazing	Consequences of the defeat	Fight method	Processing method
	The aerial part of the plant	Sucks juice from shoots	Leaves, ovaries die	Soap solution: 100 g of grated soap mixed with warm water	Sprayed the ground part of the plant
Medvedka	The underground part of the plant	Nibbles the roots	Root rot	The drug "Medvedox"	Granules laid out in the holes
	Ground part	The stems, leaves	Leaves and ovaries die	Wet the fabric with a solution of wood ash	Wet rags are laid out

The following organic mixture is suitable as the main dressing for a ripening crop: add manure to hot water, the amount of manure is determined by eye until the mass acquires a creamy consistency. The mass should be insisted until the first signs of fermentation appear in it. Then 500 ml of the finished mixture is diluted with a bucket of warm water.

The side lashes in places of contact with the soil are sprinkled to form several more root systems for additional plant nutrition

Types of Sweet Pumpkin Varieties

Grade "Baby" - the fruits of this variety are small 2-3 kg. It has a gray color and a flattened shape. From planting to harvesting is 3 months.

Variety Atlant refers to the late ripening variety, the fruits are characterized by large sizes, weight is 20 kg. From planting to harvesting is 4 months.

Variety "Big Max" - refers to the late ripening variety, the fruits are characterized by large sizes, weight is 40 kg. From planting to harvesting is 5 months.

Grade "Almond" - the fruits of this variety are small - 5-7 kg. From planting to harvesting is 4 months.

3 mistakes when planting pumpkin seeds

Many gardeners refuse to test the seeds for germination before sowing them in open ground. Old seeds are sown, but they do not receive the right amount of seedlings.
Seedlings can be weak if the seeds were sown in the soil after harvesting zucchini, squash and cucumbers.
If the ovary is small, it is better not to water the pumpkin, otherwise large lashes and leaves will grow, and the fruits will form small.

Answers to gardeners' frequently asked questions

Question number 1. What kind of pumpkin is planted only with seedlings?

Only the nutmeg pumpkin variety is grown on open ground through seedlings.

Question number 2. How many plants can be left in one hole?

When the plants have risen and strengthened, the strongest 2 plants are left in the holes. The weak are pinched so as not to damage their common root system.

Question number 3. In what cases are pumpkin seeds not planted in beds?

With light loamy soil.

Question number 4. What vegetables are considered the forerunners of pumpkin?

The forerunners of the pumpkin plant are tomatoes, cabbage, carrots, onions and potatoes.

Question number 5. Is it possible to heat the seeds in the oven?

It is possible, but the temperature in the oven should be 30 ° C. After the oven, the seeds are wrapped in light tissue in 3-4 layers, and soak for 5 minutes in an ash solution. After the seeds are removed and placed on the windowsill for swelling.

The nutmeg pumpkin variety is considered useful, but it is difficult to grow it, since this variety is considered heat-loving and late ripening. But, don’t be upset, nutmeg pumpkin can be grown in the conditions of a short summer:

Nutmeg pumpkin seeds can withstand in formalin solution for no more than 2 hours. Then I leave the seeds for drying in direct sunlight. Immerse dry seeds in warm water for 2-3 minutes, wrap them in a warm, thin cloth and put them in a warm place.
After a day, I harden the seeds, put them on the balcony for the night. Shoots the strongest and healthiest transplanted into boxes with a depth of 40-50 cm with warm and insulated soil. I grow seedlings until July in greenhouse conditions until the seedlings finally get stronger.
Seedlings are planted in open ground on raised insulated beds under the film in the first half of June.
I remove the film in early July. If the weather is sunny, then the pumpkin ripens without a film until mid-August.
In the second half of August, I harvest the crop in an unripe state and clean it in a warm room. Muscat pumpkin matures for 25-30 days at a temperature of + 24 + 26 ° C.

Dessert and fodder pumpkins require well-moistened nutrient soil. Planting both types of vegetables and caring for them in the open ground are carried out identically. This gourd is planted with seeds in open ground in the last decade of May. From one grain you can get from 1 to 3 large pumpkins. In the southern regions, you can get two harvests of this useful vegetable if you sow in late April - early May, carry out pollination by hand and harvest ripened fruits in time.

From one grain you can get from 1 to 3 large pumpkins

Pumpkin grows best on the south side of the plot in well-lit areas. Its lashes and leaves perfectly tolerate direct sunlight. If you plant a pumpkin in open ground in a completely shaded area, it will not bear fruit. The development of this gourd will be slow. Despite the fact that the flowers are pollinated by hand, the ovary decays on them and falls off without developing, because the processes of photosynthesis in plant cells are severely disturbed.

You can choose a place that is shaded in the summer by a growing tree, but in spring the sun should fall on the landing site. Then, after the emergence of seedlings, the plant will have time to gain strength in order to release the lash, which will begin to grow in the direction where there is constant sunlight. There, the pumpkin will bear fruit well.

Before planting seeds, you need to prepare a place for this. In areas where summers are short and humid, pumpkins can be placed on compost heaps or on rotted manure that rises above the ground. Layers of organics will provide nutrition, warm the thermophilic roots of the plant. In such conditions, the vegetable will be able to develop well and have time to give a full crop.

Growing pumpkins in open ground in southern areas requires a special place. This gourd loves moisture. Having found a place for it in a lowland where water stands for a long time in spring, they remove the fertile layer with a bayonet spade and remove it to the side. Then they dig a hole of 0.5x1.5 m, in which they will arrange a nest.

To fill it you will need 2 buckets of manure and 1 bucket of humus. Pumpkin has a branched root system that goes deep into 50 cm. Such a pillow allows it to receive moisture and nutrition during a short drought. From above, everyone is covered with soil from the pit, a handful of ash and river sand are added. All components are mixed together.

Creating a pillow from nutrient soil is necessary for proper nutrition during the vegetative development and laying of the crop. If there is no manure, it can be replaced with dry grass, which a week before planting is put in a prepared pit and watered with hot water. Within 7 days, waste from the kitchen can be drained into it to start the combustion process. Before planting a pumpkin, this grass is covered with a bucket of nutrient soil, adding 1 tbsp. l urea or complex fertilizer. You can add wood ash. If it is dry and hot, half a bucket of water is poured into the finished nest to moisten the lower layers of the nutrient mixture.

If you need to plant a large plot, the process of preparing it for growing pumpkins can be simplified. The earth is covered with an even layer of mullein under digging. Before plowing, a complex fertilizer is applied according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

Gallery: pumpkin (25 photos)

All about growing pumpkins (video)

How is landing

You can plant a pumpkin in open ground using seeds in a dry form. Then the grain itself is saturated with moisture and will rise when the temperature allows. Manure or dry grass in the nest forms heat well.

When to plant a pumpkin in open ground, you can find out, focusing on the temperature regime, which is observed annually in a particular area. Planting of seeds is carried out after the threat of frost passes. The plant is very thermophilic. It ceases to grow at a temperature of + 14ºС, and at 0ºС its roots completely die off.

The older the seeds, the more female flowers there will be on the plant, which is reflected in the crop. Seeds remain valid for up to 5 years if their storage meets all requirements.

If the timing of planting seeds in the ground has been violated, then the seeds can be wet so that they soon sprout. First, they are heated in the oven at a temperature of no more than 40 ° C during the night. Then soaked in a solution of wood ash for 12 hours. To prepare it, take 1 liter of hot water and dissolve in it 2 tbsp. l powder. Such events improve germination and increase the number of female flowers in lashes. The seeds soaked in an alkaline solution should swell and sprout faster.

You need to grow pumpkins at a distance of 50 cm from each other. Then caring for a pumpkin in an open space will be much more convenient. Overgrown lashes will be freely located and develop correctly.

Plant a pumpkin in open ground with seeds 5 cm deep in 4 corners of the hole. If the placement takes place in several rows, then the distance between 2 lines of plants should not be less than 1 m.

On a large plot, you can plant the seeds in a tape way, after 15 cm per seed, to then remove the extra sprouts in a checkerboard pattern.

How to plant a crop (video)

Bed Care

Growing a pumpkin and caring for it does not require much effort, but a vegetable crop needs attention until the land in the planted crop area disappears under its lashes. After the pumpkin seeds have been planted, at least a week must pass before the first sprouts hatch.

With good nutrition and sufficient soil moisture, they develop very quickly. To accelerate growth, the culture needs to be weeded once and break a crust that interferes with air circulation. This greatly accelerates the vegetative growth of shoots.

If too dry, seedlings should be watered. Pumpkin requires a lot of moisture. To ensure that there is enough water for its development, during rain, all the collected fluid can be used for irrigation. The more moisture poured out on a bed in rainy weather, the better it will grow in a dry and hot period of time.

Pumpkin is beautiful and healthy, many delicious main dishes and desserts are prepared from it - this is a wonderful occasion to plant it on your site. This fantastic vegetable came to us from the tropics; it loves the sun and nutritious soil, but it feels quite comfortable at our dachas.

Many delicious pumpkin varieties can be grown by sowing seeds in open ground at the end of May, but not nutmeg - they just will not sprout, it is better to grow them in seedlings. Seeds should be taken only fresh, it is advisable to test them for germination, in order to know what to expect after sowing in the ground. Discard seeds that have surfaced when soaked with salt water, sank to the bottom, prepare for sowing.

After soaking, the seeds are immediately planted in the ground or placed on germination. Seeds on sawdust sprout well and quickly. Sawdust is placed at the bottom of the box, spilled several times with hot water, seeds are placed on top of several layers of wet gauze, covered with several more layers of gauze on top and covered with sawdust. The box is covered with a film on top - it turns out such a greenhouse, after 2-3 days the seeds will sprout, and they will need to be planted immediately in the ground.

Landing and care

Before sowing, it is advisable to prepare the soil. 2 buckets of humus, half a bucket of sawdust, a glass of nitrophoska and a liter jar of wood ash are added to 1 square meter of the pumpkin plot. The site is digged well to a depth of not less than 40 cm and spilled with hot water. Vegetable growers determine the timing of sowing, it depends on the weather and the characteristics of the variety. Hatching seeds of large-fruited and hard-barked pumpkins are planted in the soil when it has already warmed up to 10 degrees at a depth of 10-12 cm. In the Moscow Region this usually happens at the end of May.

In lightly permeable soil, the seed is laid 8-10 cm, and if the ground is hard, then 4-5 cm with the beak or sprout down. If the landing is shallow, the sprouts can sprout without dropping the seed coat, then birds can peck them. To prevent this from happening, you can close the crops or just check more often and remove the shell manually. Bush pumpkin is planted at a distance of 80 cm from each other, and it is better to plant a climbing pumpkin with an interval of 1 m.

So that the wind does not turn the lashes, they are sprinkled with moist soil, in this case additional roots may form, which will further strengthen the plant. The wide leaves of the pumpkin evaporate a lot of moisture, so watering is simply necessary, and only with warm water. After planting in open ground, each plant is watered with 1 liter of water, and the older it is, the more water it needs, so at the end of summer each should receive at least 10 liters. When the fruits have reached their maximum value, watering is stopped.

Video “Planting Pumpkins”

From the video you will learn how to plant pumpkins simply and efficiently.

How to protect yourself from pests

After planting pumpkins in open ground, you need to think about protecting it from pests. So that the bear does not gnaw the roots, several granules of a special preparation called Medvedox are put in each hole during planting.

Top dressing

They plant the pumpkin in fertilized soil, and then feed it with liquid organic-mineral fertilizers. If the soil is rich in fertilizers, it is enough to pour 2-3 times for the entire growth period with liquid diluted bird droppings or mullein with 1 tablespoon of full mineral fertilizer.

Planting a pumpkin in depleted soil means that you doom yourself to weekly fertilizer plants throughout the season. Only at the end of summer, when the fruits are already large, can potassium be added as a mineral top dressing.

Video “Planting seedlings in the open ground”

To properly plant seedlings in open ground, we recommend that you watch the next video lesson. An experienced gardener will tell you about all the nuances and features of the process.

Pumpkin is an incredibly useful vegetable that is not at all difficult to grow, so it has a place in almost any garden. The easiest way to do this is to plant pumpkin seeds in open ground. Of course, if the spring is warm enough and the summer is long so that the crop has time to ripen to frost.

How to choose and prepare seeds for planting

You can buy pumpkin seeds for planting in a store or collect pumpkin seeds, which were planted in your garden in previous years and fully ripened. Everyone knows how to collect the seeds: you just need to remove and rinse them after cutting the ripe fruit, and then dry and put into storage in a bag of natural fabric all the collected material for future sowing. They are considered suitable for use for as long as 4 years, but fresh seeds do not plant, it is better to preserve them for a couple of years, then germination will increase significantly. A large, full-weighted seed will give a healthy plant, so the planting material is calibrated by size, the unfit is discarded. To do this, it is enough to soak the pumpkin seeds before planting in salted water - the worst seeds will remain on the surface.

Vegetable growers often talk about how to properly prepare the seed. It must not only be taken away, but also disinfected, stimulated germination. To protect their future plants from diseases, the seeds are treated with different substances. Most often they are placed for several hours in a bright pink solution of potassium permanganate, but you can use potassium humate, crezacin, infusion of wood ash.

All these measures are designed to protect plants after planting pumpkins in open ground. Is it possible to do without this? Of course. Whether it is necessary to soak pumpkin seeds before planting, each owner decides for himself. But, as a rule, all preparatory efforts take a little time and attention, while increasing the germination and quality of plants.

We germinate and harden the seeds

Before planting the pumpkin in the open ground with seeds, the soaked seeds germinate or wait only for the sprouts to bite, and then they harden. This will help to shoot more quickly, which means reducing the total growth time, that is, managing to grow the crop even if the summer ends early, especially since the pumpkin grows better when the daylight is less than 12 hours, being a short daylight plant. And hardening will increase the immunity of plants, make them stronger in conditions of changing weather.

In order to make the sprout easier to overcome the skin of a seed, the seeds are heated for 8–9 hours at a temperature of + 50–60 degrees. You can use an oven for these purposes, or simply hold them in the sun, periodically turning over for even heating. After that, they are placed for 12 hours in an ash solution (2 tablespoons of wood ash and 1 liter of boiling water are insisted until the temperature is acceptable - about +50 degrees) or simply wrapped with a well-soaked solution of gauze, pre-rolled several times.

Before planting, sprouted or stubborn seeds are placed on the last day in the refrigerator, leaving on the lower shelf. Sometimes they are simply kept alternately for 10 hours in a room, 2 in the refrigerator, and only then planted.

Top dressing and other soil preparation

A place for pumpkin beds is chosen sunny, although many varieties grown in partial shade do not lose when it comes time to harvest. The soil should be non-acidic, fertile, loose enough so that the water does not stagnate, and the air gets to the roots. The best option would be a fertile sandy loam or loam. In the same place, pumpkin crops are planted no earlier than 5 years later. Good predecessors are cereals, legumes, cabbage, green manure and perennial herbs.

Before planting pumpkin seeds in the garden, it is worthwhile to carry out some preparatory work. The plot is best prepared in the fall. It must be freed from weeds, dug to the depth of the shovel bayonet, humus and compost can be added, even an unrefined mullein, with a total complexity of up to 10 kg per 1 square meter of area.

You need to add superphosphate and potash fertilizers (up to 20 g each), a 1-liter can of wood ash. If the soil is too heavy, sawdust is added to it (preferably semi-overripe), sand, loam should be added to too sandy. If the soil is acidic, then in the fall, dolomite flour or even lime is added to it. Those who did not manage to enrich the soil in the fall usually apply fertilizers before planting directly at the bottom of the hole.

Landing time

The timing of pumpkin planting is determined by the climatic conditions of the region. Pumpkins are sown in the ground in the south, usually in early May, a little north - by the end of May, in the summer (if the weather does not allow earlier), it is better to grow this vegetable not directly from the seeds, but through seedlings. Before planting a pumpkin in open ground, you need to make sure that the ground has warmed up to a depth of at least 10 cm to +12 degrees. At lower temperatures, they will germinate very slowly, and may even rot.

Planting dates are calculated as follows: you need to harvest before frosts, from the emergence of sprouts to ripening fruits usually takes 3-5-4 months, prepared seeds germinate less than a week, unprepared - from 10 to 14 days.

Knowing when the colds come in the fall, when the earth warms up to the desired temperature in the spring, you can navigate with the sowing dates.

Planting seeds in the ground

Now it's time to talk, actually, about how to plant pumpkin seeds. On the selected and prepared plot of the garden, the emerging weeds are harvested in the spring, dig (or just loosen) the bed, at a distance of 80-100 cm from each other, dig shallow holes with a diameter of 30 cm. Between the rows leave a distance of one and a half to two meters. It is best to stitch the holes. If fertilizers were not applied in the fall, then at least 5 kg of organic and 1 tablespoon of complex mineral fertilizers, wood ash, are placed on the bottom of each hole (which is dug deeper). All this is slightly mixed with the ground. 1-1.5 liters of hot (about +50 degrees) water is poured into each well, and after it is absorbed, seeds can be planted.

3-5 pieces are placed in each hole to a depth of 5 to 8 cm, they are planted not nearby, but at the maximum possible distance from each other. Then sprinkle with earth, sawdust or humus. After all the plants have sprouted, they will have a couple of real leaves. Only two plants are left. Which pumpkin to choose will be shown by their condition, the rest are plucked from the ground itself.

Video "Planting pumpkins in the open ground"

In this video, you will hear some helpful pumpkin planting tips.