Machine for the production of houses from double timber. Double timber houses. Double beam: production

The construction of baths from a bar is considered the best option due to the environmental friendliness of the material of the walls, their low thermal conductivity, and the high speed of construction. Baths built from ordinary profiled and double timber look identical, but there are a number of differences both in technical characteristics and in the method of building walls.

The design of the double beam was developed not in Russia, but in Austria. Then the technology began to be used in Germany, and only then the design received particular success in Finland. In Russia, the technology of double timber began to be used relatively recently.

Wall material - glued laminated timber or technically dried wood with a moisture content of less than 14%.

The production of timber is carried out on longitudinal-milling quadrilateral machines. The connection of the beam is a double profiled airtight, windproof lock.

Between two beams (external and internal) the distance is 130-150 mm. In this gap, ecowool insulation is laid with the addition of antiseptics, fire retardants, boric acid, borax, necessary to ensure the fire safety of the building. Insulation density up to 70 kg/m 3 .

Table. Bar sections

Important! According to GOST 18288-87, timber is called lumber with a height and thickness of more than 100 mm. In this case, the structural elements have a smaller thickness and are more likely to be profiled boards, but the builders still call the technology “double timber” or “double sheet pile”. Sometimes the profiled elements of the walls are called "minibar".

And one moment. Double beam technology and frame construction are completely different things. The frame bath has a "skeleton" formed by vertical posts and jibs. Between the racks, mineral wool is usually laid, on both sides the walls are sewn up with vapor barrier, and then OSB or boards. When building from a double beam, there is no "skeleton". All perimeter walls are load-bearing. This technology is akin to building from a full-fledged profiled timber, rather than to frame construction. The rigidity of the walls is provided by double corner joints. In addition, ecowool has no joints and gaps, the insulation is of better quality than plate or roll materials.

In the Russian Federation, houses and baths using double-beam technology began to be built 40-50 years ago, and the reviews of the owners of such buildings are more than positive.

Video - Owner's review of a double-beam house

Features of double beam technology

Thermal efficiency. A wall made of double timber with a thickness of 220 mm (of which 130 mm is insulation) is comparable in terms of thermal efficiency to a wooden wall 700 mm thick or a brick wall 1.2 meters thick. The vapor permeability of walls from a double beam is preserved, freezing is excluded.

Energy efficiency. A minimum amount of energy is required to warm up a house or a bath from a double beam.

On a note! According to SNiP II-3-79, the heat-shielding qualities of a double beam are 2.5 times higher than that of a glued beam.

Environmental friendliness. The ecowool used for insulation consists of 82% cellulose and 18% of antiseptics and flame retardants. These substances do not emit toxic substances into the atmosphere, they are completely safe for humans. A tree is environmentally friendly a priori. Glue is not used during construction. The bath will have the aroma of natural wood and a favorable microclimate.

No problems of traditional wooden log cabins. The shrinkage of a log cabin can be up to 10%, and if undried wood was originally used for construction, then the percentage of shrinkage can reach up to 17%. Shrinkage continues for several years (at least a year and a half) after the erection of walls, which makes finishing processes impossible, expansion joints are required, etc.

In the process of shrinkage, the wood cracks, cracks form, caulking is required. Lock connections in the process of shrinkage lose their tightness.

Walls made of double kiln-dried timber have a shrinkage of no more than 2%. The risk of crack formation is minimized. Corner joints with a double cut and additional insulation of mines with ecowool are not a freezing zone. The ecowool itself inside the walls is not prone to shrinkage or creasing. Caulking of walls and additional thermal insulation is not required. There are no gaps between the crowns due to the high height of the tenon and the deep grooves of the wall elements.

Insect pests, mice, rats do not settle in ecowool.

High construction speed. The wall kit is completely prepared at the factory according to the customer's project within one month. The finished kit is delivered to the facility ready for assembly, marked for convenience.

On a note! In the design process, not only the size of the building, the location of the premises is selected, but also calculations are made of wind, snow, seismic loads. Also in the project, integrated floor beams and integrated scaffolding can be laid, which are beams protruding beyond the walls, on which boards are laid for the builders to move along them. Integrated scaffolding is cut down after painting the facade. This achieves additional savings and increases the speed of construction. And the bearing capacity of the integrated floor beams is higher than that of the classic floor logs.

The approximate construction time for a large house with an area of up to 130 m 2 is 3 months, of which about three weeks are spent on assembling the walls, the rest of the time is taken up by the construction of the roof and ceilings, the installation of doors, windows, laying communications and other work. Accordingly, a small bath can be built in a much shorter time.

On a note! All elements are produced exclusively by the factory, and not in artisanal conditions. During production and shipment, constant monitoring of the quality of the material, its dimensions, and humidity is carried out.

During construction, there is no need to use heavy lifting equipment. Work can be carried out in any season of the year.

Hidden communications. In houses made of double timber, there are special cavities (boxes or cuts) in which wiring, pipes, etc. are laid. The house or bath, both from the inside and outside, looks aesthetically pleasing and neat. Wiring and pipes are hidden, but repairable at any time.

Photo - the walls are smooth from the inside, do not need finishing

Durability. The estimated service life of a double-beam building is up to 110-115 years.

Affordable price. The cost of building a double beam is about 30% lower than a bathhouse made of profiled, glued beams or logs.

Possibility of construction on a lightweight foundation. Screw piles are usually chosen as the foundation, less often - a strip foundation. A screw foundation with a grillage can be used. This moment depends on the condition of the soil on the site, the proximity of groundwater.

Video - Lack of a dew point in a double-beam house

The nuances of building from a double beam

It is permissible to make a strapping platform from a bar of natural moisture.
The joists must not be located below the strapping platform.
The floor insulation should not be based only on the vapor barrier, there should be a solid solid base.
It is better not to fix floor logs, terraces with corners, from loads it can rip off the heads of self-tapping screws.
Lamellar beams are best not to use. This design is prone to warping and cracking.
It is important to observe the technology for installing door and window flashings.
It is important to connect the crowns tightly, without gaps. If there are gaps between the crowns, the alignment will be lost.
The first crown must be attached to the strapping beam or board.
If there are elements with defects in the wall kit delivered to the site, it is better to turn the timber with the unsightly side inside the cavity where the ecowool is pumped.
It is not recommended to build large-sized multi-storey buildings from a double beam. This technology is relevant for low-rise construction.
When designing, it is necessary to provide for overcuts in the walls, and between adjacent boxes there should not be more than three and a half meters. This is necessary to prevent warping of the walls under the action of a dense layer of ecowool, which exerts pressure on the outer and inner walls of the building.
There may be a variant of a wall 6 meters long without cuts, in this case, a solid beam is vertically installed in the middle between the inner and outer walls. This bar will be invisible. The event will allow maintaining the rigidity of the walls and eliminating deformation under the pressure of the insulation.
During the construction of walls, gaps may remain between the elements. It is impossible to continue construction until all cracks are eliminated. For this, the method of contracting walls can be used.

Prices for timber of natural moisture

bar of natural moisture

Construction of a bath using double beam technology: instructions

First of all, a foundation is laid under the bath. For a double beam bath, the best option is a screw foundation. Under the bath with dimensions of 6x4 m, 9 screw piles are twisted. You can familiarize yourself with the intricacies of arranging bases of this type in detail.

The construction plan is as follows:

strapping installation;
assembly of massive walls. The house kit will be delivered to the site, all elements will be marked. Nails and dowels are not used in the process. You will need anchors, studs, self-tapping screws, mounting plates;
arrangement of floors;
roof construction;
installation of window and door blocks;
installation of communications;
fine finishing, namely painting the outer walls and treating the inner walls with impregnations intended for baths and saunas (paint and varnish are not used in the steam room). Also, fine finishing includes installation of imitation timber and corners for cuts outside and inside the bath;
sauna stove installation, chimney assembly, furniture arrangement.

Step 1. On the foundation, namely on the pile heads, it is necessary to lay a double layer of roofing material, fixing it with bituminous mastic.

Step 2 A strapping beam is laid on top of the waterproofing, which is preferably pre-treated with an antiseptic. If in the future a firewood shed, a porch, a terrace will be attached to the bathhouse, holes are left in the strapping beam for joining the bath strapping and the extension strapping. The dressing of the strapping is performed "half-tree".

Important! If the heads of the screw piles are not level, this can be compensated for by the support and strapping structure. The upper surface of the strapping beam must be located in a single plane and be strictly horizontal without errors.

Before rigid fixation of the strapping structure, it is necessary to measure all diagonals, check their equality.

Under the internal partitions (in places where the floor logs will rest on the beam), a single strapping beam with a section of 150 x 150 mm is installed. In those places where there will be a large load (bearing walls of the house), a double remotely fixed beam of the same section is installed. Rigid fixation is performed with studs. Two beams are laid, between them a piece of moisture-resistant plywood is drilled through all the elements, after which they are pulled together with a hairpin.

It is important to check that the foundation and piping strictly comply with the project drawing.

Step 3 It is necessary to take the scheme of the first floor, look at the part numbers on it and select these elements from the kit brought to the site. Elements are installed in pairs. It is recommended to additionally fix the first crown by connecting it to the strapping with a perforated mounting bracket and self-tapping screws.

Another mounting option - the starting beam is fixed through with a long self-tapping screw, screwing the hardware into the groove of the beam. The starting beam in this case is the elements of the first crown, having a height 2 times less than the rest of the wall beams.

Usually, long elements are laid first, and short beams are installed perpendicularly on them with the second row, cuts are formed, in which communications will be located in the future. The ends of the beams are profiled, the upper and lower adjacent rows are connected according to the "thorn-groove" system. When laying each element, you should beat it with a mallet through the bar so that the connection is as tight as possible.

During the construction process, it is important to control the horizontalness of the crowns, the equality of the diagonals, and make sure that there are no gaps due to loose fit of parts.

When assembling the walls, window and door flashings are immediately installed. These elements are not fixed with screws or nails.

To make a salary, you need:

grooved board 30 mm thick;
U-shaped profile 60x27 mm, profile thickness 2 mm;
lumber board.

How is the casing set up? Since the double beam technology implies that there are two walls - external and internal, the design of the casing is different from the casing for log cabins.

It is necessary to take two tongue-and-groove boards and connect them with a long side. After that, you need to cut off the protruding spike and screw a few long screws through the end to fix the boards. To the resulting workpiece with bugs, you need to fasten two U-shaped profiles in parallel. The distance between the profiles and the width of the workpiece are selected based on the total thickness of the wall, the length should correspond to the height of the door or window opening minus 3-4 centimeters shrinkage allowance. The casing is "put on" on the ends of the opening.

The horizontal casing element consists of two tongue-and-groove boards connected to each other. The length of the workpiece is equal to the width of the opening. To the blank in the center, you need to screw a board 13 cm wide with self-tapping screws (the distance between the inner and outer walls of the bath). At the ends with a hacksaw, you need to cut grooves 3 cm long for accurate docking of the casing elements.

On a note! It is possible to make the entire casing without using U-profiles, according to the principle of the horizontal casing segment described above.

Step 4 When the walls of the first floor are assembled, the process of wall insulation with ecowool begins.

The extreme crown is closed with a vapor barrier, in which holes are made. You can fix the vapor barrier with a conventional construction stapler.

The insulation is loaded into the cavity of the walls through the hose of the device. The hose is connected to a plastic pipe, which is inserted into the vapor barrier hole and the supply of ecowool is started. Due to the use of a film that covers the upper part of the wall, the loss of insulation, its blowing out into the street, is prevented.

First, loose ecowool fills about half of the cavity of the walls, after which it begins to compact under its own weight. As a result, a uniformly insulated wall of the first floor is obtained (cotton wool lies tightly up to the very vapor barrier). Next, the specialist pulls out the pipe and adds a little ecowool directly from the hose so that there is no difference in the density of the insulation over the entire area of the walls.

On a note! If it is possible to assemble the walls yourself using the technology of a double beam with your own hands, then the insulation with ecowool is a process that will have to be entrusted to craftsmen who have the necessary equipment. If you pour ecowool manually from bags, the density of the insulation will be insufficient and uneven, which will lead to a number of negative consequences.

When the wall insulation is completed, the vapor barrier can be removed. Further, the construction of the walls of the second floor continues, if this is provided for by the project.

The walls of the second floor are insulated with ecowool in the same way as the walls of the first floor.

The photo shows a partially dismantled window sill in order to control the quality of insulation. Window sill installed using felt

Step 5 The next step is the installation of the truss system. There are no difficulties and intricacies here, all calculations are made at the design stage, and rafters of the required sizes are made in production. Rafter legs rest on a ridge beam. The elements are fixed with self-tapping screws and mounting plates.

Do not worry that the rafters under their own weight and the weight of the roof, snow, will lead to deformation of the walls. All wall nodes are very rigid, the joints are as tight as possible, and the load of the roof is evenly redistributed to the ridge beam and the upper trim.

Step 6 A windproof film is rolled out on top of the rafter system and fastened. The fixation of the canvases is carried out with a construction stapler, observing the overlap of adjacent canvases of 10-15 cm.

Window openings are also covered with a membrane. The film is cut out according to the size of the openings plus an allowance of 15-20 cm and fastened with a stapler to the inside of the beam of the outer wall.

Prices for windproof films

windproof film

Step 7 Lathing boards are attached over the membrane. The boards are fastened with long self-tapping screws through to the rafters. The step of the crate depends on the type of roofing material that is chosen for the bath.

Step 8 If the floor beams are not integrated, they are fixed with metal fastening supports to the building frame. The cross section of the log is 50x200 mm, the step is selected depending on the load on the floor, the best option for a bath is the distance between the logs of 60 cm, provided that a separate independent foundation is equipped under the sauna stove.

You can proceed to filing the subfloor and floors. Sheathing is carried out with OSB boards. First, the vapor barrier webs are fixed to the bottom of the beams with a stapler, then the OSB is fixed with self-tapping screws through to the bottom of the beams. OSB can be replaced with a 40 mm thick edged board. The ceilings are insulated with ecowool, falling asleep between the beams.

The rafters from below (from the side of the roof space) are sheathed with a vapor barrier. A crate is attached over the vapor barrier (again from the side of the room). Those. vapor barrier is located above and below the rafters. Ecowool will be blown into the free space.

Prices for OSB boards

OSB boards

Step 9 At this stage, equipment for supplying ecowool will again be needed. The roof needs to be insulated. Ecowool is blown through holes in the vapor barrier (they are made between the boards of the crate closer to the ridge beam. On inclined planes, the density of ecowool is up to 55 kg / m 3. Work is carried out at a height, safety rules must be observed.

If there are reinforcing elements, partitions, walls in the under-roof space, they are insulated with ecowool through technological holes. Holes are cut out in cuts with a drill with a round nozzle "crown". The diameter of the crown is chosen slightly larger than the diameter of the hose for supplying ecowool. The sawn piece is not thrown away.

Inside the cut, over the technological hole, a piece of vapor barrier is attached with a stapler, a hole is cut out in the material with a knife, a hose is inserted there and ecowool is pumped in.

When the insulation is pumped in, the hose is removed, and the film is simply torn off the wall. Now the sawn piece of timber must be inserted into the hole, sealing the insulation layer so that the ecowool does not spill out.

It is important to qualitatively approach the issue of insulation of all cavities of the building.

Step 10 Works on the installation of roofing material.

Step 11 Hemmed cornice overhangs.

Step 12 Install a drainage system.

Step 13 They are working on laying communications. Electrical wires in the bath must be laid in a metal corrugation.

Step 14

Step 15. Facade painting works. The internal walls are covered with natural impregnation based on beeswax or linseed oil.

Step 16 Cut down integrated forests.

Step 17 An imitation of a beam is mounted on technological cuts.

Step 18 They lay a fine floor covering, for example, a grooved board in a steam room, linoleum or laminate in a rest room, ceramic tiles in a shower room.

Above, we examined the principle of building a building using the classic double-beam technology. The elements were assembled without insulation, any gaskets, dowels and nails. The "double beam dovetail" technology has differences, is considered even more reliable and allows you to build buildings with high number of storeys and a large area.

We have already mentioned that the house kit is cut in production strictly in size. In the corner elements there are through holes for vertical studs. Inside the walls, the studs are connected and built up. After the walls are erected from below and from above, a nut with a washer is screwed onto the studs, tightening the crowns. That is, the studs are used as pins.

A dovetail groove has been added, into which a special fastener is inserted. The connector is hammered into the groove with a mallet, placing the part with the rounded side down. It is no longer possible to pull the connector out of the beam.

The dovetail connection is made not only on the outer corners of the walls, but also on all partitions. What does it give? Even with a strong change in the linear dimensions of wood due to fluctuations in temperature and humidity, during shrinkage, the outer and inner perimeters may slightly shift vertically, but the overall geometry of the house will remain unchanged, the geometry of all corners will be preserved.

Video - Building a house using the “double beam - dovetail” technology

Video - Double timber. We build a bath 6x4. Day 1-2. Foundation and half of the walls

Video - Double timber. We build a bath 6x4. Day 3-5. The walls of the first floor are ready

Video - Double timber. We build a bath 6x4. Day 6-8. electrical, floors

Double timber houses have a number of advantages over other wooden buildings, and therefore their popularity among developers is very high. This construction technology meets the requirements of thermal insulation and sound absorption, making the home durable and comfortable. Perhaps you do not know about all the advantages of such structures and would like to get acquainted with the rules for their construction? We will be happy to help you with this.

Double timber house corner

Technology principle

The construction of houses is represented by a huge number of technologies, ranging from simple to highly complex. When choosing one or another installation method, future owners first of all pay attention to the following aspects:

terms of construction works;
strength and durability of the structure;
energy efficiency of the design;
ecological cleanliness;
budget cost;
appearance of the finished building.

Houses from a double bar satisfy all the highest requirements of the above points. The principle of the device of such structures is to bind boards or minibars from pine into a spike, which makes it possible to obtain a structure of two walls, in the pier of which a technological gap is formed, into which heat, steam and sound insulating material is placed. Thanks to this technique, condensation does not form, and heat is retained indoors.

This construction technology was developed by the Finns, who for the first time tried to lay two beams of small diameter according to the mirror or cut principle. Their main goal was to quickly build a quality home.

Also here, the customer can independently choose the thickness of the walls, taking into account the type of thermal insulation and the number of layers, so that you can build any structure, from a miniature bath to a two-story massive house. Such a double wall in terms of its thermal insulation performance is equal to a similar design with a thickness of 40 cm.

Before construction, the material is thoroughly dried, which protects its surface from cracking and deformation. It is also noteworthy that in this case it is quite possible to do without additional finishing, moreover, the cost of this house will be cheaper than constructions made of glued laminated timber. It is also important that there is no adhesive composition, which means that environmental cleanliness is at a high level.

As a heater, it is best to use ecowool, which is made from natural cellulose, which is very important in the construction of residential buildings. This material is environmentally friendly, resistant to fire, perfectly absorbs sounds, is not attractive to rodents, fungi, mold and lasts a very long time. When laying it, there is no need to carry out vapor barrier measures.

What is built from a double beam?

Many people have a question, what can be built using this construction technology, not counting residential buildings, and we are happy to answer it:

bath complexes;
barbecue area with gazebo;
children's sandboxes;
awnings;
parking places;
furniture.

Special advantages of technology

Among the main advantages of building objects from a double beam, I would like to note:

short terms of creating wall kits (up to 2 weeks);
installation of walls takes no more than ten days, and depends on the complexity of the project;
lack of shrinkage characteristic of wooden houses;
no cracks or other defects;
adhesives, pins and seals are not used;
excellent sound insulation;
there is no need to use special equipment;
the possibility of laying communication lines in the wall;
no need to wait until the house stands;
the price of the building corresponds to the quality;
all elements are treated with antiseptics and do not need additional protection.

An impressive list, isn't it? It's time to move on to questions about the design and construction of double-timber houses.

Projects and their implementation

Double timber houses are designed and installed by companies that specialize in this type of construction. To reduce the cost of the estimate, you can purchase a standard project adapted to your area, and, if desired, make minor changes to it. Individual drawings are made on the basis of site surveys, but the price of such work will be an order of magnitude higher. Construction companies offering their turnkey services provide a package of services that includes:

sketch creation;
development of a draft working scheme;
production of a set of parts;
assembly work.

At the first stage, the construction technology provides for the preparation of an architectural plan, a diagram of the house is drawn, and the main work is outlined. The most responsible and complex process is the production of an assembly kit, from which the structure will be erected, it is also the longest - it takes up to a month.

The connection of structural elements occurs according to the locking principle. The construction process here is similar to the installation of the formwork structure, and the internal and external walls are removed at the same time.

The main work, as in our favorite other construction, begins with laying the foundation - in our case it will do, but if for some reason it is not possible to install it, they resort to. In general, the installation work scheme looks like this:

foundation pouring;
walling;
waterproofing and strengthening;
facade decoration.

Assembling a house is somewhat reminiscent of a constructor, because here one part of the element is equipped with a spike, and the other with a groove, which, when connected, form a strong coupling without gaps. The first level is laid on a base of slats, and the gaps between the boards are blown out with mounting foam. Particular attention should be paid to the joining of parts in the corners, for which the material is profiled.

Simultaneously with the construction of the walls, insulation is laid, but only in dry weather. The technology for building houses from a double beam does not allow the process to continue during precipitation, due to which the material gets wet and loses its properties.

List of works

A standard package of works usually includes the construction of load-bearing elements, internal partitions, installation of ceilings and truss systems. The estimate also includes the installation of a screw foundation and plastic window systems. Also, a team of craftsmen performs roofing work.

When placing a more expensive turnkey order, professionals carry out the laying of communications, and the quality of such work will be at a high level, plus a guarantee is issued for them. You can choose for yourself the most optimal set of services, which you inform the construction company at the time of drawing up the contract.

Thermal insulation works

Disputes over the advisability of installing a vapor barrier membrane do not subside, during which some experts insist on its installation, and the other half insists that such manipulations will disrupt the natural circulation of air, which will lead to the appearance of mold and fungal infections between the bars. Some construction technologies involve vapor barriers only in the ceilings, and the rest of the house is isolated at the discretion of the owners.

Based on practical observations, we can confidently say that the slab material does not give the effect that ecowool shows, because the slabs deform during installation and in general over time, due to which heat losses increase significantly. Ecowool is blown into the pier without tamping in several stages, which allows the material to gain the desired density in a natural way.

A similar process must be performed at a temperature with a plus sign, since in frosty weather it is difficult to calculate the required amount of insulation, and its excess can lead to deformation of the walls, and with a lack of ecowool, the thermal insulation of the house will not reach the required parameters.

To save money, often instead of ecowool they acquire basalt fibrous material that has similar properties, but needs vapor barrier protection, otherwise it will not be possible to avoid the appearance of condensate, which provokes the formation of fungal and mold infections. If this process is started, it can lead to the destruction of the house from the fact that the wooden elements rot and collapse.

Considering all these nuances, it becomes obvious that the savings are doubtful, because the vapor barrier violates healthy air circulation in the room, the tree does not breathe, which makes it impossible to regulate humidity.

Also, some developers fill the space between the bars with a mixture of clay and straw or Styrofoam pellets. There are also those who do not install thermal insulation at all, arguing that this function is performed by an air cushion between the walls. Perhaps there is a rational grain in this, but if you are building a bathhouse or sauna using this construction technology, you cannot do without insulation material, and houses made of double timber will consume less energy for heating residential premises if the wall is additionally insulated.

Gone are the days when houses were built only from logs. Wood was the only available material that no one thought about processing. The rotten bathhouse was easy to reassemble, since there were enough trees around.

Today, not every budget can handle a house made of logs or timber, and not everyone wants to wait for the final shrinkage, which can stretch for 2 years. But thanks to modern technology, natural materials are used sparingly, and housing is built quickly and has improved characteristics. One of such technological methods is the construction of houses from a double beam.

House built using double timber technology Source 2brus-spb.ru

Double beam construction: the competitiveness of Finnish technology

The technology of construction from a double beam was invented by the Finns and was originally intended for use in regions with severe winter conditions. This method is suitable not only for building a house, it is applicable for a bathhouse or a veranda.

Comparison of prices for materials used in different technologies (compared to double timber):

Double timber with insulation (thickness 150 mm) - 5500 rubles / m².

Profiled timber (thickness 150 mm) - 3500 rubles / m².

Rounded timber - from 5 thousand rubles / m².

Frame-panel technology - from 3.5 thousand rubles / m².

The comparison shows that the technology of a double beam is more expensive than the others, but the price of a heater is already included in it. Insulation of the remaining options will equalize prices.

Reasons for the insufficient distribution of houses from double timber in Russia

The above comparison clearly shows one of the reasons - the customer allocates a certain budget for construction, which he is not ready to exceed.

The project of a house from a double beam can have a complex layout and an original facade. The manufacture of some parts (joints, profiles) is possible only on high-precision computer-controlled woodworking machines. Without specialized equipment, the company will not undertake the work.

Four-sided locking groove (wind lock) provides high structural rigidity Source stroim-dom.radiomoon.ru

About the Finnish technology for the production of double timber

A double beam according to the Finnish technology "warm house" should be distinguished from a profiled counterpart. If the profiled beam is made from single-layer solid wood, then the double one is a structure of two wall elements (boards) connected into a spike due to a special profile. The technological gap formed between them is filled with a heater with heat, steam and sound insulation properties. This layering prevents condensation from forming and retains heat.

For the manufacture of boards, spruce and pine wood is used, as it is light, inexpensive and easy to process. Before use, the blanks are dried in convection chambers. This procedure increases the strength of wood and protects it from decay. Lumber has high consumer characteristics: it becomes lighter and stronger, does not undergo cracking and deformation.

Prepared boards are processed on machines, acquiring the shape and profile specified by the project, as well as a smooth surface. Spikes and grooves are cut on the products, fastening the beam according to the tenon-groove system. In such a system, interventional insulation, which is necessary for log cabins or timber buildings, is not needed. For a house kit, corner joints (bowls) are also made from a double beam, excluding freezing of corners and through blowing.

Corner of a house made of double timber (wind castle) with ecowool filling Source pinterest.com

insulation

As a warming material, ecowool (bulk option) or mineral wool is used, the former being preferable for a number of reasons:

Appearance. Lightweight material with a greyish tint, fibrous structure and good insulating properties (heat retention).

Composition. The basis (about 80%) is cellulose (waste paper). Additional components - boric acid and borax, which give antiseptic and non-combustible properties to cotton wool.

Properties. Allows air to circulate without retaining moisture (the house does not need a vapor barrier, which cannot be said with mineral wool). Protects wood from decay. Sound insulation is 1.5-2 times higher than that of mineral wool.

Thermal insulation characteristics are similar for walls:

from a double beam, 190–200 mm thick;

log, 400 mm;

foam concrete, 880 mm;

brick, 900-1000 mm.

For the installation of walls, only qualified builders who have undergone special training are involved. Source qwizz.ru

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of houses from double timber from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Advantages and disadvantages of double beam technology

The advantage of choosing a house from a double beam is determined by the advantages of the technology:

Factory quality. Modern equipment provides high accuracy of parts, which is unattainable in artisanal conditions.

Timing. Wall sets are made 2 weeks. The assembly of walls, depending on the type of project, takes 10-15 days.

Savings in construction and operation. The construction of houses from double timber will cost 30% less than similar housing from glued profiled timber (thickness 200 mm). Energy saving is 2 times more efficient.

Construction. It is run all year round. For the construction of the frame, special equipment is not needed.

Fundamental savings. Due to the ease of construction, a pile-screw foundation can be used, which is cheaper than a tape analog or a monolithic slab.

wall properties. High heat, steam and sound protection characteristics. The front surface does not require finishing; it is treated with impregnation and, if desired, painted in a vending color.

Internal work. Engineering communications are located in the wall. Tight seams (lock joints) do not require additional caulking. The sanded surface of the walls is ready for varnishing or painting.

Aesthetics of natural wood; internal work coming to an end Source brevdom24.ru

Shrinkage. Due to the use of chamber drying material, shrinkage does not exceed 2-3%. You can move in without spending a year waiting for shrinkage (for example, compared to a log house).

Environmentally friendly and stylish. Natural wood is used, without adhesives and impregnations.

The construction technology "double beam" has its drawbacks:

material quality requirements. For the manufacture of wall elements requires special equipment and skills of personnel. Poorly dried material can cause uneven shrinkage, cracking and noticeable skew of the walls.

Possible shrinkage of the insulation. It can happen when technology is violated or poor-quality insulation is used.

The complexity of the repair. If it becomes necessary to replace one of the boards, it will be almost impossible to do this without the involvement of specialists.

Video description

How a house is built in Finland on video:

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of designing houses from double timber. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Double timber house: from design to implementation

No matter how simple the “double beam” technology may seem, it is logical to entrust the projects of houses and their installation to an organization that has completed projects in its assets (which will be confirmed by the portfolio). The customer can count on:

Typical project. This option will reduce construction costs, as it is usually adapted to local conditions; It is permissible to make minor changes to it.

Project by order (individual). It costs an order of magnitude higher, as it may include engineering and geological surveys, complex technical solutions and elements (for example, a roof of complex shape or a veranda).

Individual project with a veranda Source belwoodhouse.com

In addition to the development of the project, the package of services of a construction company includes the preparation of a sketch, documents and estimates, the manufacture of a set of parts, and the assembly of the structure. The installation of the house takes place according to the standard scheme for assembling a wooden house:

The foundation is being built and waterproofed.

Mounted and aligned with the level of the mortgage crown (lower layer in contact with the foundation).

The walls are built, then the roof.

Engineering communications are being installed.

The final (interior) finishing is being carried out.

All work is guaranteed.

The strength of the structure is ensured by the method of laying wall beams and floor beams (they are cut into the walls). Another secret is absolutely dry lumber, which retains 11-15% moisture content after drying.

Video description

About the features of the double beam technology on the video:

There is a kind of material - a double mini-beam, giving thinner walls. With the construction of a house from a double beam, a construction team with relevant work experience will competently cope. Independent, without skills, installation will inevitably lead to a series of errors. Their correction by specialists will require unplanned expenses, which is always unpleasant.

Small house according to a standard project Source sarlbethart.com

Prices for turnkey double-timber houses

The advantages of a turnkey double timber house are visible to the naked eye. After the approval of the project and the signing of the contract, the customer can only enjoy the process without bothering to purchase materials, search for builders and monitor their work. Experts will take care of everything.

Companies offer double timber houses, designs and prices of which can be changed. You can reduce upcoming expenses by choosing cheaper mineral wool instead of ecowool. The thickness of the walls is also chosen by the customers.

On the market there are houses made of double timber of various sizes and for any budget. For comparison, it is convenient to divide them into categories depending on the area (Moscow region):

Area up to 100 m². The price of a house kit starts from 335-500 thousand rubles.

From 100 to 200 m². From 680-900 thousand rubles.

From 200 m². Starting from 1.2-1.8 million rubles.

Garden decoration - a gazebo built according to Finnish technology Source kathultproducts.com

What can be built from a double beam

Using the technology of a double beam, not only houses are built. In this way, you can decorate a personal plot by building:

gazebo and canopy;

garden, guest and children's house;

utility room (house for tools).

Since the wall elements have a high-quality finished front surface, they do not need additional finishing and give the buildings an impeccable eco-friendly style.

Video description

Experience shows that there are moments in the construction of a house where it is absolutely not worth saving, but there are nuances where you can not only save, but rationally spend the budget (which is a kind of reasonable savings).

A little about the bath: a look from different angles

The construction of a bath is not the cheapest pleasure, since a durable result requires quality materials and special construction methods. Double beam technology can speed up the process with the desired result.

Bath walls are constantly exposed to high temperature and humidity and inevitably absorb moisture. In an effort to protect the structure, some owners insist on the use of a windproof membrane in the pier, between the insulation and the inner element of the double beam. The task of such a vapor barrier is to prevent steam from the interior from entering the insulation. If protection is not installed, wet insulation prevents air from circulating, stops saving heat and starts the destruction of wood.

Sauna from a double beam on the shore of the lake Source vehasen.fi

Construction companies, on the other hand, insist that the design provides sufficient vapor exchange, and the additional layer violates the “breathing” properties of the tree. When using a waterproofing layer, steam will condense on it; the insulation will remain dry, and the log will begin to rot. According to technology, it is enough to use the film in ceilings.

Conclusion

The double beam technology, developed and tested by Finnish builders, is steadily gaining popularity among Russian customers. Most are attracted by the possibility of rapid construction without loss of quality, which is so valuable in the conditions of a short summer season and frosty winter. Improper installation can destroy the most resistant wood. So that a house made of double timber does not become a disappointment, and you do not have to pay for improvements, ordering a turnkey house may be the best solution.

What is a double-timber house, what wood is used, construction stages, advantages and disadvantages, construction price range, vapor barrier and insulation.

At present, a double-beam house is increasingly being introduced as a year-round living space, if 10-20 years ago houses of this type were looked at as a curiosity, then at the moment it is no longer a luxury, but a standard building for living with an attractive appearance.

This article describes in detail what are the pros and cons of a double beam, what are its positive aspects and disadvantages, the price analysis of a double beam. What is the essence of the construction of a double beam, what is the construction technology of a double beam, the nuances of the construction of a double beam, which means the swallow's nest method when erecting.

How is the production of a double beam, experience of application in the domestic market, how durable is the structure, how to perform a reliable installation of a vapor barrier. What is better than ecowool or mineral wool as a heater, as well as sawdust or bulk pulp, what are the stages of construction using double timber technology.

How is a reliable foundation created, is finishing necessary, is additional vapor barrier needed, what type of wood is used to create wooden houses from a double beam.

Positive sides

Natural wood is environmentally friendly.
Elements for internal and external walls are manufactured at the factory from a dry sanded board with a thickness of 45 mm, and are 100% ready for assembly. After drying, the boards reach a moisture content of no more than 12%, which contributes to minimal shrinkage of the house. Therefore, you do not need to wait six months to move in and celebrate housewarming.
Each tongue-and-groove bar is equipped with a double comb lock, which creates a tight, reliable, windproof connection. Therefore, sealing of seams is not required, as in log buildings.

With a small wall thickness of 220 mm, where the wood is 90 mm and the insulation is 130 mm, high energy saving rates are provided.

The total weight of the building is relatively small, which makes it possible not to lay a capital foundation. On loose and unstable soils on the site, screw piles are the ideal foundation. But, if the nature of the soil allows, then one of the options may well be a non-buried strip foundation.

With the use of modern technology in wooden housing construction, it became possible to speed up the construction time as much as possible.

Simple assembly of wooden elements is carried out without the use of special equipment. The work is carried out by several workers, which greatly saves construction costs.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

Ask an expert

Important! You can build houses from a double beam at any time of the year, the only requirement is the absence of rain or snow.

Disadvantages of a double beam

The main disadvantage of the technology is the uneven shrinkage of the wooden structure, which occurs as a result of a large temperature difference between the outside and inside the building. The difference should not be more than 2-3 mm.

It is difficult to achieve a high build quality, so it is necessary to conclude an agreement with professionals, and not "shabashniki" who want to earn money on easy, at first glance, work.

Another important disadvantage is the selection of insulation, which is used to fill the voids between the outer and inner rows. Due to the wide range of insulation materials available on the construction market, it is difficult to make the right choice and give preference to any one option. Only experts know what characteristics and properties each type of insulation has.

Despite the fact that the listed disadvantages of a double beam are much less than the advantages, the main indicator is the performance of the building. Disadvantages of such technology may appear for several years. The most unfavorable point is the climatic conditions, therefore, before deciding to build, you should consult with specialists and find out in advance what disadvantages the Finnish construction technology has in a particular region of Russia.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Ask an expert

Important! To avoid unpleasant moments associated with the shrinkage of the building, you should carefully select applicants for work and order building material from a trusted manufacturer that guarantees high-quality drying of the timber.

Positive sides

Nice and neat appearance.
There are excellent thermal insulation characteristics and high energy efficiency of the entire structure.
Tight connection and the absence of gaps between the seams creates a reliable sealing of the walls and protection against wind penetration.
The walls of the house "breathe", so there is a favorable microclimate in the premises.
The presence of space between the outer and inner rows of timber walls allows you to hide all engineering and communication networks (water pipes, sewers, ventilation ducts).
Cost-effective housing due to inexpensive materials, no need for interior wall decoration and additional insulation. Fast payback due to low costs for hiring workers, heating, building maintenance.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Ask an expert

Important! Buildings made of double timber are much cheaper than houses of the same size, but only from glued timber 150x150 and without heat-insulating materials.

Disadvantages of houses from a double beam

The main concern lies in the climatic conditions. Therefore, you need to know how the climate of the region can adversely affect a double-timber house. What are the disadvantages of frequent freeze-thaw cycles. Sudden changes in temperature can lead to uneven shrinkage, resulting in cracks in the wood. The use of high quality material reduces this risk.
The second significant disadvantage is the wrong choice of insulation. Ecowool is best suited, which is placed between the outer and inner walls without tamping, while its blowing is carried out in several stages. Only in this way, the natural density of the insulation is achieved. The main requirement for the implementation of such a procedure is the correct calculation of the amount of ecowool at positive temperatures. Insufficient filling of the gaps will lead to a lack of the necessary parameters and a decrease in the energy efficiency of the building, and an excess will lead to deformation of the walls at low temperatures.
In houses made of double timber, the disadvantage is the difficult implementation of repair work. But the manufacturer guarantees that with timely and high-quality processing of wood with special antibacterial agents, such a procedure will not be required soon.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Ask an expert

Important! You can not save on insulation, as this can lead to low thermal insulation performance, as a result of which condensation, mold, fungus will appear - followed by damage to the entire building.

How can disadvantages and advantages affect the choice of a house from a double beam?
Having considered all the positive and negative sides, it will be possible to decide on your own whether to build a house from a double beam or not.

The pros and cons of such a construction were divided almost equally. If the number of the former is much greater, then the disadvantages prevail in importance. Therefore, before deciding to build a house from a double beam, all the pros and cons must be carefully studied and written out in a column. Possible nuances should be discussed with specialists. You need to seek help only from professionals with sufficient experience.

Pros and cons of double beam technology

Therefore, builders have to apply various techniques to reduce the deformation of the walls and their reliable insulation.

Rigid energy saving standards today “do not let through” even a 20-centimeter beam.

Such a thickness of wood is not enough for the construction of warm houses in the central Ural region, not to mention the northern regions of Russia. Therefore, a wooden frame has to be additionally insulated from the inside.

An economical and effective solution to this problem is provided by the double beam technology, which was first tested by builders in Finland. Even in this forest country, it is not easy to find a deck thick enough to protect the house from -40 degrees below zero.

Finnish engineers have calculated all possible options for saving energy and have come to the conclusion that it is quite possible to build eco-friendly and warm housing from wood. Only for this you need to use not a massive beam, but two thick boards, between which there is a layer of insulation.

Thus, a new technology arose, which in our area received a not entirely correct name. Despite the fact that the words “double” and “beam” sound solid and impeccable from the point of view of advertising, from a technical point of view, this technology should be called a wooden “sandwich wall”.

Considering the design of a wall built from a “double beam”, we see here elements inherent in both a log house (special joining of boards at the corners) and a classic frame (double cladding).

The role of the beam here is performed by a planed board with a thickness of 44 to 70 mm and a height of 140 mm, placed on the edge. Its landing edges are profiled according to the “groove-comb” system, which makes it possible to achieve tight contact and protect the seam from blowing.

The spatial rigidity of the structure is achieved due to the corners connected by the “cutting” method, when a groove is cut in the joined boards for half their height.
The main advantage of this technology is high energy saving.

The thickness of such a wall does not depend on the cross section of a log or beam, so the insulation layer can be selected in strict accordance with the requirements of thermal engineering standards.

Another plus that gives us the construction of houses from a double beam is the minimum shrinkage of the walls (no more than 1-2%).

It is possible to operate a turnkey building built according to Finnish technology immediately after the completion of the assembly of the walls and the installation of the roof. It is not necessary to wait six months until the wood dries and the crowns of the log house find their place.

The installation of double plank walls is quite simple, not too laborious and does not require the involvement of powerful lifting mechanisms. This has a positive effect on the construction time and its cost. Simultaneously with the assembly of double wooden walls, thermal insulation is being laid in the space between the boards. Therefore, a house made of double timber does not require additional insulation and finishing.

When erecting a building from wood that is not impregnated with harmful synthetic resins, the most correct solution would be to use a heater that is safe for health.

Polyurethane foam for insulating walls made of double timber is a rather expensive material. Styrofoam crumb emits toxic gases and eventually completely collapses. Mineral wool requires the installation of a vapor barrier (ecowool does not need it) and eventually caking, forming empty cold cavities.

To insulate box-shaped walls, you can use flax fiber or chopped straw - materials that do not cake and are optimally combined with wood.

The disadvantages of this technology usually include shrinkage of the insulation. However, this problem, as we indicated above, occurs only when laying mineral wool.
Theoretically, there is a risk of cracks appearing in the wall due to uneven shrinkage of the outer and inner cladding boards. However, in practice, there were no such comments from the owners of houses built using the double-beam technology.

There are no long-term instrumental observations of the behavior of double wooden walls in Russia yet. Therefore, the customer can only trust the experience of the Finns, who have been successfully building and operating such buildings in the harsh northern climate for more than 20 years.

You won’t be able to build a house from a double beam on your own, because for the high-quality construction of walls, machining of boards, cutting spikes and grooves, as well as docking recesses of corner joints is necessary. Therefore, it will not be possible to save personal funds by abandoning a team of specialists and buying a house kit.

Price analysis

In the first approximation, double-beam houses are more expensive than solid wood log cabins. The average cost per square meter of a double insulated wall is 5,500 rubles. The price of 1 m2 of a wall made of a solid beam with a thickness of 150 mm is about 3,500 rubles. At the same time, we must not forget that the timber, even with a thickness of 20 cm, needs to be insulated.

The double insulated wall technology gives us a ready-made load-bearing structure that does not require additional work. Therefore, for comparison, we will make a simplified estimate for a wall built from profiled timber.

So, the cost of a “bare” lumber wall 15 cm thick is about 3,500 rubles per 1 m2. The price of insulation (20 cm of ecowool) with installation is 800 rubles / m2, the cost of materials and work on the installation of the frame and lining with clapboard is another 600 rubles / m2.

Additional measures for warming a log house from a bar will cost us 1,400 rubles per 1m2. As a result, we will get 3500 + 1400 = 4,900 rubles for one "square" of the wall.
Comparing this amount with the price of a warm wall made of double timber, we see that the difference is not so significant. If we take into account the serious advantages of this technology, then a double beam can be called a profitable alternative to traditional wooden log cabins.

Double beam construction

Wall material - glued laminated timber or technically dried wood with a moisture content of less than 14%. The production of timber is carried out on longitudinal-milling quadrilateral machines. The connection of the beam is a double profiled airtight, windproof lock. Between two beams (external and internal) the distance is 130-150 mm. In this gap, ecowool insulation is laid with the addition of antiseptics, fire retardants, boric acid, borax, necessary to ensure the fire safety of the building. Insulation density up to 70 kg/m3.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Ask an expert

Important! According to GOST 18288-87, timber is called lumber with a height and thickness of more than 100 mm. In this case, the structural elements have a smaller thickness and are more likely to be profiled boards, but the builders still call the technology “double timber” or “double sheet pile”. Sometimes the profiled elements of the walls are called "minibar".

This technology is akin to building from a full-fledged profiled timber, rather than to frame construction. The rigidity of the walls is provided by double corner joints. In addition, ecowool has no joints and gaps, the insulation is of better quality than plate or roll materials. In the Russian Federation, houses and baths using double-beam technology began to be built 40-50 years ago, and the reviews of the owners of such buildings are more than positive.

Features of double beam technology

Thermal efficiency.

A wall made of double timber with a thickness of 220 mm (of which 130 mm is insulation) is comparable in terms of thermal efficiency to a wooden wall 700 mm thick or a brick wall 1.2 meters thick. The vapor permeability of walls from a double beam is preserved, freezing is excluded.

Energy efficiency.

A minimum amount of energy is required to warm up a house or a bath from a double beam. On a note! According to SNiP II-3-79, the heat-shielding qualities of a double beam are 2.5 times higher than that of a glued beam. Environmental friendliness. The ecowool used for insulation consists of 82% cellulose and 18% of antiseptics and flame retardants. These substances do not emit toxic substances into the atmosphere, they are completely safe for humans. A tree is environmentally friendly a priori. Glue is not used during construction. The bath will have the aroma of natural wood and a favorable microclimate.

No problems of traditional wooden log cabins.

The shrinkage of a log cabin can be up to 10%, and if undried wood was originally used for construction, then the percentage of shrinkage can reach up to 17%. Shrinkage continues for several years (at least a year and a half) after the erection of walls, which makes finishing processes impossible, expansion joints are required, etc. In the process of shrinkage, the wood cracks, cracks form, caulking is required. Lock connections in the process of shrinkage lose their tightness. Walls made of double kiln-dried timber have a shrinkage of no more than 2%. The risk of crack formation is minimized. Corner joints with a double cut and additional insulation of mines with ecowool are not a freezing zone. The ecowool itself inside the walls is not prone to shrinkage or creasing. Caulking of walls and additional thermal insulation is not required. There are no gaps between the crowns due to the high height of the tenon and the deep grooves of the wall elements. Insect pests, mice, rats do not settle in ecowool.

High construction speed.

The wall kit is completely prepared at the factory according to the customer's project within one month. The finished kit is delivered to the facility ready for assembly, marked for convenience. On a note! In the design process, not only the size of the building, the location of the premises is selected, but also calculations are made of wind, snow, seismic loads. Also in the project, integrated floor beams and integrated scaffolding can be laid, which are beams protruding beyond the walls, on which boards are laid for the builders to move along them. Integrated scaffolding is cut down after painting the facade. This achieves additional savings and increases the speed of construction. And the bearing capacity of the integrated floor beams is higher than that of the classic floor logs.

The approximate construction time for a large house with an area of up to 130 m2 is 3 months, of which about three weeks are spent on assembling the walls, the rest of the time is spent on building the roof and ceilings, installing doors, windows, laying communications and other work. Accordingly, a small bath can be built in a much shorter time. On a note! All elements are produced exclusively by the factory, and not in artisanal conditions. During production and shipment, constant monitoring of the quality of the material, its dimensions, and humidity is carried out. During construction, there is no need to use heavy lifting equipment. Work can be carried out in any season of the year.

Hidden communications.

In houses made of double timber, there are special cavities (boxes or cuts) in which wiring, pipes, etc. are laid. The house or bath, both from the inside and outside, looks aesthetically pleasing and neat. Wiring and pipes are hidden, but repairable at any time.

Durability.

The estimated service life of a double-beam building is up to 110-115 years.

Affordable price.

The cost of building a double beam is about 30% lower than a bathhouse made of profiled, glued beams or logs.

Possibility of construction on a lightweight foundation.

Screw piles are usually chosen as the foundation, less often - a strip foundation. A screw foundation with a grillage can be used. This moment depends on the condition of the soil on the site, the proximity of groundwater.

The nuances of building from a double beam

It is permissible to make a strapping platform from a bar of natural moisture.
The joists must not be located below the strapping platform.
The floor insulation should not be based only on the vapor barrier, there should be a solid solid base.
It is better not to fix floor logs, terraces with corners, from loads it can rip off the heads of self-tapping screws.
Lamellar beams are best not to use. This design is prone to warping and cracking.
It is important to observe the technology for installing door and window flashings.
It is important to connect the crowns tightly, without gaps. If there are gaps between the crowns, the alignment will be lost.
The first crown must be attached to the strapping beam or board.
If there are elements with defects in the wall kit delivered to the site, it is better to turn the timber with the unsightly side inside the cavity where the ecowool is pumped.
It is not recommended to build large-sized multi-storey buildings from a double beam. This technology is relevant for low-rise construction.

When designing, it is necessary to provide for overcuts in the walls, and between adjacent boxes there should not be more than three and a half meters. This is necessary to prevent warping of the walls under the action of a dense layer of ecowool, which exerts pressure on the outer and inner walls of the building.

There may be a variant of a wall 6 meters long without cuts, in this case, a solid beam is vertically installed in the middle between the inner and outer walls. This bar will be invisible. The event will allow maintaining the rigidity of the walls and eliminating deformation under the pressure of the insulation.

During the construction of walls, gaps may remain between the elements. It is impossible to continue construction until all cracks are eliminated. For this, the method of contracting walls can be used.

Double bar dovetail

What is the essence of the new technology?

Even a novice builder knows that log houses have two main drawbacks - thin walls and shrinkage of crowns. The latter occurs in connection with the shrinkage of wood. Therefore, methods are used that prevent deformation of the walls and contribute to their effective insulation. According to existing standards, the walls of the house should be no thinner than 20 cm.

This problem can be solved by the technology of a double beam, which was first used by builders in Finland. There are few trees thick enough in the country that could be used to build houses, while protecting them from the severe frosts that are typical for the region.

Finnish engineers have managed to develop a technology that allows building warm wooden houses at relatively low financial costs. She received the name "double beam". In fact, this technology has little in common with a bar in the usual sense. Its essence lies in the fact that in order to achieve the proper thickness of the walls, two tongue-and-groove boards are used, between which there is a layer of insulation. -

Houses based on double timber technology are distinguished by improved thermal insulation characteristics, compared with houses made of solid timber of the same section. Compared to insulated glued beams, this technology does not use adhesives. Insulation is often ecowool or mineral wool.

Double beam: production

The production of material for the construction of houses using the technology of a double beam differs from the manufacture of a conventional profiled beam. It is carried out on special equipment - a fully or partially automated cup-cutting line.

It is carried out in several stages:

workpiece manufacturing;
drilling holes for fastening edged boards;
cup cutting;
grooving;
cutting blanks;
removal of residues;
marking;
material insulation; package.

Advantages

The main advantage of a house made of double timber is high energy saving. The thickness of its walls does not depend on the diameter of the log or timber. The insulation layer is selected in accordance with the requirements specified in generally accepted thermal engineering standards. The second advantage of the technology is the minimum wall shrinkage, which fluctuates in the range of 1-2%.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeny

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Ask an expert

It is possible to start full-fledged operation of a house built according to Finnish technology upon completion of the assembly of walls and roof.

Ordinary houses from a bar cannot be used immediately, since you need to wait until the tree dries and the crowns “fall” into place. In this case, there is no need to wait.

Installation of a house from a double beam is relatively simple, not laborious and does not require the use of complex construction equipment, which favorably affects the time of building a house and financial costs. In parallel with the assembly of the walls, thermal insulation work is carried out, filling the space between the boards. The walls in houses made of double timber should not be additionally insulated and finished.

disadvantages

"Double beam", despite many advantages, has a number of disadvantages. The most significant include shrinkage of the insulation, but it occurs only when using mineral wool. There is also the possibility of cracks.

They can form due to uneven shrinkage of the outer and inner boards used for houses built using the “double beam” technology. Reviews of builders assure that in practice such problems do not arise at all. At least there were no comments.

Experience in the domestic market

In the domestic market, the technology has been used recently, so no one can guarantee that wooden houses will fully perform their functions in our climatic conditions. You just need to trust the Finnish experience in housing construction, since they have been building houses from double timber for over 20 years and successfully operate buildings in their more severe climatic conditions.

It is not possible to independently build a house using this technology, since for its high-quality construction boards processed on special machines are needed. It is also necessary to cut the spikes, grooves and docking grooves intended for corner joints. Without a team of specialists and the purchase of a house kit, it will not work out in any way. Therefore, saving on financial costs is problematic.

Structural strength

The double beam technology is not comparable to conventional frame construction, where the insulation is located between two thin walls. In this case, everything is held on the bars. There is also a subspecies of this technology - "double mini-beam". Its construction is similar, but the walls are thinner.

Floor beams also provide increased structural strength if they are cut into walls during the construction process. In technology, only dry lumber can be used, which largely affects the strength of the house as a whole. This is due to the fact that drying the timber leads to a loss of 13% of its moisture content, due to which molecular bonds are broken. In the future, the timber will give exactly the same amount of moisture that it will absorb. Therefore, deformation will not occur.

vapor barrier

For the construction of houses, the walls of which consist of several floors, vapor barrier is an important issue. Without its consideration, it is not recommended to carry out construction. Double timber is an exception, despite the fact that the walls of houses built using this technology will inevitably absorb moisture after a certain time. Therefore, there is an opinion that the insulation between the bars is the place of rot formation. At the same time, construction companies specializing in the construction of houses using this technology claim that a double beam has not previously caused any problems. The reviews of the owners agree that it is enough to use the film only in ceilings.

But there are exceptions. Some owners are concerned about the lack of vapor barrier as such, so during construction they use a windproof membrane, which is applied after the insulation. Experienced builders are skeptical of this, as it will not allow the walls to "breathe" freely, but they can last much longer.

Ecowool as wall insulation

When building a wooden house that is not impregnated with synthetic resins that are harmful to health, the best option would be to use a harmless insulation. The optimal material is ecowool, the main component of which is cellulose. It does not rot, does not shrink and is not subject to fire.

The calculations for the material are as follows:

acoustic isolation - 46 dB;
dew point - under standard conditions, condensate will not occur;
insulation - 0.13 m2 for each m2 of wall;
thermal conductivity coefficient - 0.2 W / m2.

Ecowool is blown dry into the space between the beams. Height should be no more than three meters. The procedure is carried out in stages. But here certain difficulties arise: ecowool is blown into the “double beam” in the same way as inside the frame walls. If the wells of the latter are closed and it is not difficult to achieve the required density, then the material is more filled up and, as a result, may settle. Experienced builders have found a way out of this situation and use a special blowing machine. Recently, mineral wool has found great application.

Mineral wool as a heater

The material is reliable, environmentally friendly and relatively cheap. If mineral wool is used as a heater, then it is necessary to organize a vapor barrier of the room (this is not done for ecowool). In addition, over time, it caking and, as a result, empty cold cavities are formed in the walls. Therefore, the material will have to be covered with an antiseptic inside and out.

Sawdust

For wall insulation, it is recommended to use stale sawdust. If you only have fresh ones on hand, then you can soak them for a day in lime and only then knead them. The procedure is as follows: m2 sawdust and two bags of cement are poured into the mixer. Everything is moistened a little, mixed, poured into the space between the walls and rammed. A significant drawback of the material are mice, mold or dampness.

Bulk pulp

The material effectively performs the task of wall insulation. Often, during construction, insulation is not used at all, since it is believed that the air itself is an excellent insulation. But it is important to understand that it serves as thermal insulation only when it is motionless. This is the task of other materials: they create a large number of cavities with "stationary" air.

Sometimes polyurethane foam is used, but it is relatively expensive, so it has not found wide application in construction. In this case, the material releases toxic substances and after a certain time is destroyed.

Box-shaped walls are insulated with flax fiber. Chopped straw or other material that does not cake over time is also suitable. It is also important to remember its compatibility with wood.

DB-3-12-119 Total area: 119 m² Price: 1,884,000 rubles. More DB-3-12-126

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Total area: 130 m² Price: 2 145 813 rubles. More

The construction company "2-Stroy" has been using a unique Finnish technology for the construction of warm and reliable houses for many years - a double beam. These are truly some of the most energy efficient homes on the market today. We build turnkey houses from a double beam: from the design of the building to the interior decoration and commissioning of the building. Strict adherence to technology and a number of ready-made projects.

Why is this beam called Finnish?

The construction of houses from double timber came to us from neighboring Finland, where they have long been able to build warm houses for year-round use. Some sources claim that the beginning of this technology was laid in Austria. This construction technology takes into account not only the harsh climate of the country, but also the affordable cost of construction and savings on heating. The construction of such houses requires minimal costs, which is a characteristic feature of Europeans. Today, Finnish technology is known throughout Europe, Russia and other continents where there is a need for reliable and energy efficient homes. We are actively promoting this technology in the Moscow, Tula and Kaluga regions and very successfully.

About material

Double timber is a truly unique technology. The material itself is a hollow system, which includes dry profiled boards assembled into a strong connection. In turn, the boards are assembled using a special technology. Particular attention is paid to the insulation, which fills the empty space between the boards. In the double beam technology, the insulation is ecowool, consisting of 80% fire-resistant, recycled paper (cellulose), 13% boric acid (fire retardant) and 7% borax (antiseptic). Cellulose, which is the main component of the insulation, is a "breathable" material, which means:

will never create a vapor-permeable barrier, which excludes the installation of additional vapor barrier at home;
provides protection for the house from a double beam from mold and decay;
guarantees 2 times more effective sound insulation of the house than mineral wool.

Such a structure of ready-made walls in a house set gives excellent thermal insulation performance compared to houses made of solid timber of a similar section. For example, the wall of a house made of double timber, 190 mm thick in terms of thermal insulation properties, will not yield to thicker walls made of other materials (400 mm for log, 1000 mm for brick). Unlike glued beams, this technology does not use adhesive joints. At the exit, you get a house ready for occupancy.

wood drying process

An important part of the production of material ready for construction is the drying of timber. On an industrial scale, drying takes place in a gentle mode in special chambers. The drying procedure itself takes place gradually at a temperature in the chamber of 40 ° C, which makes it possible to eliminate the appearance of cracks on the tree and preserve all the advantages of natural wood, enhance its physical and mechanical properties. Total drying is a finished timber that competes with more expensive glued beams.

About construction technology

The double beam technology assumes that the walls do not require mandatory finishing, since the front surface of each part already receives its unique architectural appearance during production, which has an aesthetic appearance. The walls of the house can be erected without fastening with dowels, due to a special comb profile (thorn in the groove), which ultimately allows you to assemble very accurately, efficiently and quickly. All parts in the overall design are manufactured on specialized equipment at the factory, where machine processing of wood is necessarily used. All boards are well dried, which will not subject the house to drying out in the future, and this also minimizes various kinds of deformations and cracks. As a result, the surface of the wall does not need additional finishing.

The double wall, the thickness of which is 22 cm (220 mm) and the width of the inner cavity 13 cm (130 mm), allows for hidden installation of any engineering communications. It is due to the fact that less wood is consumed in the production of kits for building according to the Finnish technology of double timber, and the cost of construction is quite low compared to glued laminated timber.

Advantages of building houses from a double beam

The main advantages that can be distinguished for double-timber houses are as follows:

Ecological purity of the material - no glue and formaldehydes;
Year-round installation - you can build at any time of the year, in winter and summer without restrictions on weather conditions;
Minimum construction time - it is always possible to build a typical house set in 1.5-2 months;
The minimum shrinkage of the house is only 1%, which can be called its complete absence;
Tightness connection - such houses do not require caulking of seams and additional external insulation;
Walls do not require sanding - internal and external walls are ready for painting or varnishing and eliminate the additional cost of sanding;
You can hide all engineering communications - pipes, electrical wiring and other engineering networks can be laid in the space between the timber;
Light weight of the house box - there is a heater inside the beam, which means that the weight of the beam itself is reduced by 2-3 times, which also saves on the construction of the foundation;
Structural rigidity - all connections are perfectly accurate, which provides the necessary rigidity to the structure;
A favorable microclimate inside the house - the natural aroma of wood and useful properties are provided to each owner of a house made of double timber.

Here are the main advantages and features of modern Finnish house building technology, which is now available in Russia. Together with our partners, our organization offers the manufacture and construction of these houses in the central part of Russia. On this page of the site, we have placed projects of houses, according to which you can order the construction of a house. You can also contact us with your plans, according to which an individual project will be developed.