External plaster for aerated concrete. Plaster for aerated concrete: interior and exterior features. Video: Aerated concrete putty and plaster

Gas silicate blocks are an excellent building material. Their designs are warm and reliable. But after construction, the question arises: how is the plastering of building gas silicate blocks from the inside carried out? There is a special technology for performing work, which we will consider. This will help to quickly and efficiently prepare the walls made of gas silicate blocks for interior decoration.

Requirements for plaster

The range of products for work is quite large, but not all of them are suitable for gas silicate plaster. The surface of the material is porous, which causes difficulties. Consider the requirements for the plaster mix:

vapor permeability, due to which the wall of gas silicate blocks will breathe;
if the work is carried out outside, then the plaster is selected to be moisture-resistant and frost-resistant in order to withstand atmospheric influences;
high quality of adhesion (adhesion to the surface);
good strength;
elasticity, so that it can be easily applied, and during operation, the plaster does not crack;
resistance to high temperatures, for compliance with fire safety.

All this is important to consider before plastering gas silicate blocks. Most of the modern blends are suitable for almost all criteria. If we talk about finishing the gas silicate blocks from the inside, then it is much easier, since the composition does not have such an aggressive effect.

Which mixture to choose

The question arises, how to plaster the gas silicate blocks inside? Some people prefer to use cement-sand mixtures for plastering. But it's not right. There are two good reasons for this:

The quality of adhesion to the wall is poor. Aerated concrete, due to its porous structure, quickly absorbs all the water from the mixture. As a result, the plaster will be covered with cracks when it dries. Even a primer does not always help to get rid of this phenomenon.
This plaster will significantly reduce the vapor permeability of a wall made of aerated concrete blocks. The microclimate will be disturbed, and condensation will form on the walls. For walls made of brick or foam concrete, this is not so important. A gas silicate house must breathe.

Instead of a cement-sand mixture, a specially developed plaster for gas silicate blocks is recommended. She has all the necessary properties that are needed for work. For specifics, we will provide a list of popular compositions: Ceresit CT 24, Atlas Silikat, Glims TS40 Velur, Mask + MSh, Sibit. Average plaster consumption is up to 9 kg / m2.

Note! It is better to do the plaster yourself, as the price of a professional's work can bite. Plastering 1 m2 of a wall will cost 300 rubles, priming and putty - another 300 rubles / m2, reinforcement of the wall with a mesh - 100 rubles / m2, finishing painting - from 120 rubles / m2.

Nuances of working with gas silicate blocks

You cannot compare ordinary brick or concrete with gas silicate. The material has special properties. Plastering walls from gas silicate blocks has its own difficulties:

With all this in mind, you can begin the process of plastering the walls. But first, let's take care of the necessary tools and materials.

Arsenal for plaster

To begin with, the plastering work will be carried out along the lighthouses. This will make the surface perfectly flat and will simplify the task for beginners. Below is a list of tools that will be required for work:

Rule for stretching and leveling plaster between beacons.
The lighthouses themselves, made of wood or metal. These are slats or profiles that serve as a guide.
Roulette, plumb line, marker, level, dowels and screws.
A primer for gas silicate blocks for plastering is performed using a roller and a paint brush.
Plastering is done with a bucket or trowel.
To prepare the mixture, a bucket and a construction mixer are used.
Grater and half grater.

As for the materials, everything is simple here: primer, selected plaster, fiberglass mesh, topcoat.

Preparatory stage

It all starts with preparation. It is very important, since the end result directly depends on this. The instruction is as follows:

To begin with, the surface is cleaned of everything unnecessary: dust, dirt, stains, old coating.
Then a primer is applied. It is easier to do this with a roller, and to process hard-to-reach places with a brush.
Alternatively, you can make notches on the wall instead of a primer. They are made with a grinder.
In the end, it remains to complete the installation of beacons. This is one of the difficult stages, without which the gas silicate plaster will be problematic.

The installation of beacons begins with the markings on the wall. To begin with, you need to step back 30 cm from the corner of the wall, 15 cm from the floor and ceiling and draw a straight line. Do the same on the other side. At the points where the lines end, drill a hole, drive in the dowels and tighten the screws. Align the resulting fasteners so that they have the same depth. Mark the rest of the wall, maintaining an indent of 130-150 cm from the lines.

Note! The distance from the beacons should not exceed the length of the work rule.

Then they are connected in a horizontal position with a thread, forming a rectangle on the wall. Markers mark the places where the thread intersects with the line drawn inside. A hole is drilled there, a dowel is inserted and a self-tapping screw is screwed in. It remains to pull the diagonal threads to check the evenness. All elements must be in the same plane.

It remains only to install the beacons along the drawn lines. Installation is carried out on a mortar or on fasteners. If the walls are relatively flat, you can do with fixing on the mortar, which is applied in small portions along the line at intervals of up to 20 cm. The profile is sunk into the mortar and aligned with the screwed-in self-tapping screws. The plaster can now be applied.

Plastering walls

Work begins with the preparation of the solution. Usually, the instruction is indicated on the packaging of the product. You will need a construction mixer and a mixing container. The consistency of the plaster should be like a paste. If there is no primer layer, then the wall is slightly moistened. Step-by-step instructions for plastering gas silicate blocks:

Using a trowel or bucket, the composition is applied to the wall in a thick layer. Work is done from below, moving up. It is not necessary to fill the entire wall, but only one section of the two beacons.
Further, using the rule, the gas silicate plaster is stretched and the surface is leveled. In this case, the movements should be zigzag, starting from the bottom, moving up.
Surplus composition is thrown up. The work is carried out until the entire section is full and perfectly aligned. Advice! The thickness of the layer depends on the location of the beacons. If the thickness exceeds 3 mm, then a reinforcing mesh is needed. She sinks into the solution. The surface must be flat and free from creases.
According to this principle, the entire surface of the wall made of gas silicate blocks is processed. Particular attention should be paid to the corners. They must be level and well reinforced.
When the wall is processed and a little dry, the lighthouses can be removed from their walls. After them, the grooves will remain without mortar. They are also filled with the mixture and leveled.
The evenness of the resulting wall is checked using a level.
When the surface is dry, you can start sanding the walls. It is performed with a grater and a half-grater.

At this stage, the plastering of the wall is completed. Further manipulations depend on the finishing decorative layer. If you plan to finish with wallpaper, painting or decorative plaster, then the surface is treated with a starting and finishing putty. After that, you can paint it or paste the wallpaper. That's all, the plastering of the gas silicate blocks has been completed.

Let's summarize

Having done all the work with your own hands, you can save tens of thousands of rubles. The money saved can be spent on furniture, high-quality finishing materials, or something else. If this is your first time doing this work, it is better to study the whole process in detail and only then do the plaster of gas silicate blocks. Doing everything with your own hands is quite real. It remains to put all this into practice.

Gas silicate-based blocks are widely used as building materials for the construction of buildings. They provide increased thermal insulation of buildings, however, due to the porous structure, they absorb moisture. The plaster mixture allows to form a protective covering of the wall. First, the rough plaster for gas silicate blocks is laid on the prepared surface. Then a thin layer of mortar is applied and grouting is performed. Covering a wall of aerated concrete, plastered with dry mixes, prevents cracking of the material due to waterlogging.

Properties of a gas silicate material and its protection with a plaster layer

Silicate blocks are a modern building material with a cellular structure. They are made from a mixture of quartz sand and cement, to which aluminum powder and lime are added. When the ingredients are mixed, a chemical reaction occurs, as a result of which the gas silicate solution increases its volume and then hardens in special forms.

Gas silicate-based blocks are used as a building material for the construction of buildings.

As a result of the gas formation reaction, the blocks acquire a porous structure, which determines the main operational characteristics of the material:

reduced thermal conductivity. Gas silicate walls reduce heat losses and reduce heating costs;
the ability to absorb noise. Cells unevenly distributed inside the blocks prevent extraneous noise from entering the room;
increased vapor permeability. Air exchange is carried out through the pores, which improves the microclimate of the dwelling.

In addition, the blocks have energy-saving properties. They gradually accumulate thermal energy, which is then transferred to the room and increases the temperature in it.

reduced weight;
increased strength characteristics;
increased volume;
correct geometry;
minimum dimensional tolerances;
good workability;
ecological cleanliness;
frost resistance;
fire safety.

In the field of low-rise construction, silicate blocks have proven themselves positively

The need to plaster the surface of porous blocks is associated with the following material properties:

increased hygroscopicity. Porous gas silicate is prone to moisture absorption, which causes gradual destruction of the material at negative temperatures, and also contributes to the development of microorganisms. To prevent cracking of blocks, they are plastering;
reduced adhesion of the cellular surface of blocks with finishing materials. Plaster mixtures based on sand and cement, as well as lime-based plasters, do not adhere well to porous gas silicate. Completion of finishing measures allows to increase adhesion;
moisture condensation inside the gas silicate array. As a result of intensive air exchange, which occurs in conditions of temperature differences, moisture accumulates inside the blocks. It makes it difficult for air vapors to leave the room and negatively affects the microclimate.

To ensure the adhesion of the gas silicate surface, the following work is carried out:

cover the gas silicate with a special solution. The soil penetrating deep into the cellular gas silicate improves the adhesion properties;
reinforce the gas silicate surface with a metal, nylon or fiberglass mesh. It allows you to apply an increased layer of plaster;
sequentially apply several layers of plaster. The layered finish creates a smooth surface with improved adhesion properties.

The cellular structure is due to the need to protect the surface of gas silicate blocks

The need to protect the surface of gas silicate blocks and other porous concrete products is due to their cellular structure. Finishing gas silicate walls is a must.

Appointment of plastering:

preventing the destruction of gas silicate walls as a result of temperature fluctuations;
protection of gas silicate blocks from intensive absorption of moisture and the development of microorganisms;
improving the appearance of various buildings, the walls of which are erected from gas silicate blocks;
reducing the volume of heat losses through the unprotected surface of the gas silicate walls;
ensuring comfortable conditions inside the premises by providing increased sound insulation;
leveling the surface of the walls after laying the blocks, which allows you to create a flat base for finishing;
protection of block walls from cracking, which makes it possible to increase the service life of the building.

Aerated concrete is susceptible to the influence of natural factors - the effects of precipitation, ultraviolet rays and weathering. In addition, the porous gas silicate is destroyed as a result of mechanical damage. Plastering walls made of gas silicate blocks provides reliable protection throughout the period of operation.

Plastering of walls made of gas silicate blocks provides reliable protection

We prepare the necessary tools and building materials

Preliminary preparation of building materials and the necessary tools will speed up the completion of finishing work and increase their productivity.

For plastering gas silicate walls, you should prepare:

generally designed to stretch the plaster mix along the lighthouses. The length of the rule is chosen depending on the distance between the beacons;
metal guides, called beacons, to ensure flatness. Lighthouses serve as a guide when working with a rule;
drill with attachment or mixer. They are used to ensure accelerated and uniform mixing of the plaster;
trowel and spatulas with an extended working surface. The tool is used for drawing and leveling the plaster mixture;
plumb line, building level, tape measure. They are used in the marking process and are used for control during plastering activities.

You will also need a wide brush or roller to apply the primer to the blocks. To perform the batch, you need an appropriate container, and to fix the mesh, you will need nails or dowels.

Tool for plastering walls

In addition to tools, you must purchase the following materials:

adhesive mixture for priming. It provides increased adhesion of plaster to gas silicate blocks;
mesh for surface reinforcement. Mesh reinforcement prevents cracking and strengthens the finishing layer;
dry mix for plastering. A ready-made composition for plaster is easy to purchase in specialized stores.

Having prepared everything you need, proceed to work.

Plaster mixture for gas silicate blocks - selection of quality plaster

Novice finishers and home craftsmen often ask the question of how to plaster gas silicate blocks, as well as what are the requirements for the plaster mixture.

In building supermarkets, it is easy to purchase plasters from well-known manufacturers:

Knauf;
the Ceresit trademark;
EuroMix;
brand PROFIT.

Plastering compositions of well-known manufacturers are easy to purchase in building supermarkets.

Along with imported plaster mixes and primers, finishing mixes made by domestic manufacturers are also offered. An expanded range of plastering compounds makes it difficult for novice craftsmen to make the right decision. You can consult with the sellers of the construction departments how to plaster the gas silicate blocks inside. Professionals will offer the best option for plastering and will also advise on how to plaster the gas silicate blocks outside the building.

When purchasing ready-made plaster for external and internal finishing work, a number of factors should be taken into account:

area of use of plaster;
adhesive properties of the mixture;
resistance to negative temperatures;
vapor permeability of the plaster after hardening;
moisture insulating characteristics;
ecological cleanliness of the finishing material;
shelf life of the composition;
manufacturer's image;
setting duration.

If you have the necessary components, it is not difficult to prepare the plaster mortar yourself. To do this, take cement and lime in equal proportions, mix with three parts of sand and dilute the resulting mixture with water to the desired consistency. The addition of chalk will increase the plasticity of the plaster and make it easier to apply.

It is not difficult to prepare a plaster mortar yourself if you have the necessary components

Internal plastering of walls made of gas silicate blocks - stages of work

According to the technology, the implementation of internal work on plastering gas silicate walls includes the following stages:

Cleaning the walls from dirt.
Impregnation of gas silicate material with a special primer.
Installation of the mesh to the gas silicate surface.
Layer-by-layer application of plaster mortar.
Final finishing activities.

Let's dwell on the features of each stage of work.

We prepare the wall surface for processing with a special primer

Preparation of the surface of gas silicate is a crucial stage that ensures adhesion and affects the quality of plastering work.

The critical stage is the preparation of the surface of the gas silicate

Preparatory activities include:

Dedusting of gas silicate.
Removal of old coating and dirt.
Degreasing problem areas.
Elimination of oily traces.
Increasing the depth of the seams of gas silicate masonry.

It is not always possible to remove oil and grease stains that have penetrated into the aerated block with a metal brush. In this case, they are cut with a chisel.

Applying a primer to aerated concrete of internal walls and partitions

Gas silicate treatment with a primer solves the following tasks:

increases the adhesion of blocks with the finishing mixture;
reliably seals internal cavities;
gives the gas silicate surface additional roughness.

Apply the primer evenly

Blocks are primed using various methods:

manually, using a paint brush or a wide roller;
using a spray gun that allows you to cover an increased area.

Apply the primer in an even layer, paying particular attention to hard-to-reach places in the area of corners and openings. Plastering on gas silicate blocks is carried out after the final drying of the soil.

We attach the reinforcing mesh to the gas silicate blocks

Reinforcement of blocks with plaster mesh provides improved adhesion of the plaster. The mesh is fastened in various ways:

by attaching the metal mesh to the gas silicate surface with dowels or nails;
by pressing a fiberglass or nylon mesh into a previously sketched layer of the finishing compound.

Mesh reinforcement in combination with priming will allow for increased adhesion. After installing the mesh, beacons should be fixed, and the gas silicate surface should be moistened with a spray gun or a brush for better penetration of the finishing compound.

Allows you to achieve increased adhesion mesh reinforcement in combination with priming

Plaster for gas silicate blocks - the process of finishing aerated concrete material

Let's figure out how to properly plaster walls from gas silicate blocks. Carry out plastering in the indicated order:

Trowel a layer of plaster mixture onto the gas silicate masonry.
Distribute the finishing compound along the guides as a rule.
Remove hardened plaster lumps after curing.

No need to try to ensure perfect flatness. You just need to distribute the mixture over the area of the walls.

Application of the finishing layer after finishing rough work

At the final stage of finishing activities, the following works are carried out:

The rough plaster is covered with primer.
Finishing gas silicate plaster is being carried out.
Irregularities are removed and a finishing putty is applied.

At the finishing stage, the internal plaster of walls made of gas silicate blocks acquires the necessary flatness in the process of grinding and grouting.

Application of the finishing layer

Plastering external walls with plastering compounds

It is used for the facade decoration of the building, to which ingredients are added to increase water resistance.

Such plaster of gas silicate blocks with cement mortar is performed according to the following algorithm:

The facade of the building is cleaned from contamination.
A primer is applied to the surface of the gas silicate.
Installation of a metal mesh is in progress.
Facade plaster for gas silicate blocks is applied.

An improved aesthetic appearance of the finish is achieved by coating the surface with paint.

Plastering walls with cement-sand mortar is used for facade decoration of a building

External and internal gas silicate wall plastering - useful tips

When performing plastering work on your own, you should be guided by the advice and recommendations of professional finishers.

They focus on the following nuances:

performing work at a temperature of 5-30 degrees Celsius. At this ambient temperature, normal drying of the plaster is ensured;
the need for layer-by-layer application of the finishing mixture. In this case, the finishing layer of plaster is applied only after the main one has dried;
the expediency of wetting the surface. At elevated temperatures, spraying liquid prevents cracking;
the ratio of the thicknesses of the external and internal finishing, equal to 2: 1. This allows you to shift the dew point and prevent moisture condensation inside the units.

Please also note that the optimum thickness of the inner finishing layer is 8-14 mm. Professionals pay attention to the fact that it is allowed to finish the gas silicate one month after the completion of the walls.

Conclusion

Self-made plastering of walls made of gas silicate blocks can significantly save money. High-quality plaster will reliably protect the gas silicate blocks. When starting finishing work for the first time, carefully study the requirements of the technology and take seriously the choice of finishing material. Tips from experienced builders will help you avoid mistakes.

But if such wetting occurs in winter, then this can lead to the development of a destructive process. The fact is that freezing water tends to expand, and therefore small cracks will appear in the blocks, which will not only spoil the appearance of the facade, but also significantly weaken the supporting structure.

The process of preparing walls, made of gas silicate or aerated concrete blocks, for applying cement-based plaster

Facade plaster is the best choice for aerated concrete

Of all the options available on the modern construction market, it is the facade plaster that is exactly the material that most closely matches the technical characteristics of aerated concrete. It has optimal vapor permeability, excellent adhesion and attractive appearance. Therefore, such aerated concrete plaster will be the best choice for decorating walls lined with aerated concrete blocks.

Let's consider its main advantages over analogues:

High vapor permeability, which allows gas blocks " breathe».
The minimum amount of water required to mix the mixture. This indicator should not exceed 0.2 liters per 1 kilogram.
Resistant to low temperatures.
Excellent adhesion.

Resistant to cracking.
Long pot life of the solution.

What plaster is not suitable for aerated concrete and why

One of the most popular types of plaster is a cement-sand mixture. However, it is completely unsuitable for working with gas blocks. Regardless of what material the blocks themselves were laid on (glue solution or cement), the use of this finishing material is unacceptable for the following reasons:

Vapor permeability of cement is lower than that of aerated block... This is the main reason why you should refrain from using this type of plaster.

Moisture content is also an important indicator for gas blocks... In a cement-sand mortar, it is increased, since its mixing requires the addition of a fairly large amount of water. Since aerated concrete is characterized by high moisture absorption, it will absorb water from the solution, which can not only destroy the structure of the blocks themselves, but also reduce the quality of the plaster solution.
Cement slurry is characterized by low adhesion rates... This is due to the large weight of the solution and the presence of large impurities in its composition.

Gypsum plaster is a good option for plastering aerated concrete walls. But at the same time it has a number of disadvantages in front of the facade:

The vapor permeability of such compositions leaves much to be desired.

The manifestation of white bloom - efflorescence

In case of snow or rain, such compositions are characterized by rather quick wetting.
On such a surface, spots may appear that need to be painted over.
Contains more water than specialized plaster mixes for aerated concrete.

The best time to apply plaster

Considering that aerated concrete has a high water absorption, it needs to provide good protection against wetting. As mentioned above, the wetting of this building material is not critical, if frost is not predicted at the same time. In any case, after laying the walls, you need to give time to dry. It is enough to wait about a month and you can apply the plaster mixture.

Ideally, aerated concrete house facade plastering is done during the warm season. If it is impossible to carry out these heat works, then the walls should be covered with a deep penetration primer. It will reduce water absorption rates. It is also advisable to protect the walls using polyethylene left over from the packaging of aerated concrete pallets.

Masters advise to carry out work during a period when the air temperature at night does not drop below zero degrees. Thus, walls can be plastered from the end of March to the beginning of November.

How to properly plaster the walls of a house from aerated blocks

One of the main misconceptions is that the main task of plaster is to protect the walls from the outside. The only problem is that if such walls are not primed, then with the arrival of spring they will "give back" the accumulated moisture. And since there will be a layer of plaster outside, all the moisture will go inside the house. As a result, cracks in the interior walls are possible.

Advice! The priority of protecting external walls exists only if the construction of a house takes place in close proximity to the sea, lake or any body of water.

Simultaneous finishing of interior and exterior walls is also unacceptable. The fact is that in this case, the moisture that the gas block will somehow pick up in itself, in this case, simply will not have any way out. And its subsidence inside the block will only accelerate the processes of its destruction.

Yes, aerated concrete plaster has good vapor permeability. But still they will not be enough for quick moisture removal.... And this becomes especially critical when the average air temperature at night drops below zero. As a result, the gas block will begin to deteriorate quickly.

Considering all of the above, it should be noted that the most profitable and correct option is as follows: first, internal plaster is applied, and after this layer has dried - external... In this case, the moisture accumulated inside the aerated concrete blocks will have an outlet to the outside, which will not bring negative consequences for the building itself.

How to carry out interior decoration

Consider the sequence of work on the interior decoration of aerated concrete walls:

Preparatory stage... First of all, the walls must be properly prepared: leveled, for which a special plane for aerated concrete is used.

Apply a primer... Some masters suggest diluting the primer with water in a 1 to 1 ratio, which is incorrect, since it negatively affects the adhesion of the material. The primer composition is selected depending on the purpose of the room. For example, if deep penetration soil is required for the kitchen or bathroom, then any universal material can be taken for the hallway.
Installing beacons... They allow you to adjust the thickness of the applied solution. They are arranged according to the width of the rule, and the accuracy is controlled by means of a level.
Throw in a starting layer or "fur coat"... Work should be carried out from the bottom up. Next, we describe the rule for beacons, leveling the resulting layer. When voids are formed, they immediately close.

We carry out the processing of the first layer... After the applied plaster dries, it is necessary to moisten it with a spray gun, and then level it. In this case, it is advisable to dismantle the lighthouses, since they are cold bridges. The recesses formed after them are immediately sealed with a solution.
Form corners... To create even and strong outer corners, a perforated corner should be used, which is installed on a small section of the mesh and covered with a compound.

Apply the finishing layer... Grouting is done if necessary, then paint can be applied to the walls. Finishing of the walls is not carried out if they are subsequently covered with wallpaper.

Since the paint is also characterized by certain indicators of porosity, it is necessary to approach its choice with all care. Good options are compositions based on latex, PVA, acrylic emulsions, cement and paints based on organic solvents.

How to plaster walls outside

How to plaster aerated concrete outside? The best material for such a finish is decorative facade plaster. There can be two application options:

A high build finish where the material is applied in one thick coat.
Several coats require thin-layer plaster. This option for wall decoration will be discussed below. It involves the application of a finishing material, no more than 10 mm thick.

External plaster is applied as follows:

The preparation of the wall is in progress. It is about leveling the surface, which is done in order to reduce material consumption.
Before plastering, the wall must be properly primed.
After that, a starting layer of the mixture is applied. In thickness, it should not exceed 5 mm.

The finishing layer is reinforced with a metal mesh with fine cells. It is overlapped by 50 mm. At this stage, the corners of the house are also formed, for which a perforated corner is used. The main task of the mesh is to prevent the formation of cracks in the plaster layer, which can occur during the shrinkage of the building.
A spatula is used to "sink" the mesh in the solution.

Internal and external plastering of gas silicate blocks is one of the most common methods of wall decoration from this material. When performing these works, many people forget that they follow a little differently than ordinary brick or monolithic concrete surfaces.

Since aerated concrete houses easily absorb moisture, they should be plastering.

Plaster errors

For example, a case that needs to be considered so that it becomes clear what the consequences can be if you make mistakes in finishing the walls of aerated concrete.

For exterior decoration, the use of ordinary cement-sand mortar is simply unacceptable. This is all connected with the same vapor permeability and leads to a violation of the main rule, which states that any multilayer breathable wall must have vapor permeability that increases from the inside out from layer to layer, or be at least comparable.

Plaster mix for walls containing, is sold in the form of a dry powder with special additives that help meet the following performance characteristics:

If you leave a house made of aerated concrete for the winter not plastered, then next year it will “please” with a network of cracks.

vapor permeability (the most important factor);
water resistance (no less important and protects the blocks from getting wet);
good frost resistance;
high adhesion (ability to adhere tightly to blocks);
resistance to mechanical damage;
elasticity (prevents the appearance of cracks during precipitation and in the process of expansion-contraction with temperature differences outside);
heat resistance (increases the ability to withstand the effects of fire, that is, increases the fire safety of the entire structure).

Before the start of plastering work, preparatory work is required. Clean the wall surface from dust, dirt, bitumen stains or an old layer of plaster, paint.

The plaster solution for gas silicate blocks must be prepared in strict accordance with the instructions on the package. To begin with, the mixture can be poured into a container of sufficient size, observing the proportions in quantity and weight. 1 kg of mixture usually requires 0.20 liters of water. It is very important to correctly add the required amount of water, since it is undesirable to dilute plaster mixtures of too thick consistency, and too liquid plaster is simply inconvenient to use. A mixture of the ideal consistency should be something like a cream.

You can mix plaster mixes manually, but it will be more convenient, better quality and faster if you use a drill with a special nozzle.

Step-by-step instruction

It is necessary to plaster the walls of gas silicate blocks in the following sequence:

Facade finishing takes place in three stages - priming, plastering and painting.

The wall is coated with a special primer, which is made of acrylatesiloxane, which has strengthening and hydrophobic properties.
A fiberglass mesh is attached to the wall, which is resistant to alkali solutions and has a surface density of 200 g / m³. It must have a high resistance to tensile stresses and must not stretch.
Having previously installed the guide beacons, the solution is evenly applied to the wall. This is done with a plastering machine, trowel or bucket. The thickness of the plaster layer should not be more than 1.5 cm. If the plaster mixture is applied in 2 layers, then each layer should be within 7 - 9 mm.
Even fresh plaster is leveled with a plaster strip, the excess is removed with a wooden float.
After allowing the surface to dry a little, it is rubbed.
Not earlier than after 48 hours, the walls are covered with specially designed vapor-permeable paints, for example, ATLAS ARKOL S or FASTEL.

The entire tool must be thoroughly rinsed with water immediately after completion of work, otherwise the remaining plaster will harden, and it will take a lot of time and effort to remove it.

The quality of the plaster layer is checked using a long strip (from floor to ceiling), which is applied in several places both horizontally and vertically. The presence of irregularities and protrusions relative to the plane of the rail is immediately noticeable. The permissible error is 5-7 mm, as it is imperceptible to the ordinary eye.

In order to increase the service life of the facade, the topcoat can be additionally treated with a layer of water repellent agent. But before applying, you must wait until the house dries as much as possible. That is, this can be done after 1 - 1.5 years after the completion of all finishing work (external and internal). The applied layer of water repellent should be as thin as possible.

Summing up, it is clear that plastering aerated concrete is not cheap, as many people think. Saving on materials can lead to disastrous consequences, as was shown in the example at the beginning of the article. Here it is safe to say this: the point is not in bad building materials, but in their incorrect and inappropriate use. And if a decision is made to plaster gas silicate concrete, then it is necessary to do this using only materials suitable for these works.

Facade finishing is a mandatory stage in the construction of a private house. If a material such as aerated concrete was used to build a house, then the plaster for facade decoration must have certain properties.

Plaster for aerated concrete should be specific for the reason that the material from which the house was built needs good protection from various adverse factors.

Before purchasing material for plastering walls outside, you should study its properties in detail.

The purpose of the plaster is to protect the surface of the walls from the outside from factors that can destroy the structure of the aerated concrete material. These include both atmospheric phenomena and the human factor. If there is no covering on the walls, or it does not meet certain requirements, then the blocks will collapse in a fairly short time.

For a better understanding of the properties that plaster should have for facade decoration, it is necessary to recall the features of gas silicate blocks. They are characterized by a high level of hygroscopicity, which often becomes the reason for the appearance of cracks on the surface of the walls.

Due to strong fluctuations in temperature, the blocks also gradually crack. Therefore, the requirements for plaster for aerated concrete, which are based on the features of this material, are as follows:

high level of adhesion to the wall material;
high compressive strength;
good frost resistance.

Facade finishing

Types of plaster

The plaster is produced in the form of dry mixtures, which later independently transform the solution, and in the form of ready-made solutions.

This material has several types, their purpose is also different:

the view is used to decorate the outer or inner surface of the walls... These include the lime-sandy variety and the cement-sandy variety. They are applied in a very thin layer.
look are used to impart high resistance to the coating... Such a surface is not subject to mechanical damage. The acrylic look is resistant to water, is able to maintain its integrity, that is, it does not crack due to its high plasticity properties. When applied, it is able to fill any small cracks and irregularities, it is highly electrostatic, which is the reason for its rapid contamination.
the appearance is similar in properties to the acrylic variety, but does not attract dirt so much.
the species is considered universal, it has a number of properties capable of providing the outer surface of the walls with the necessary characteristics. It is characterized by resistance to cracking. In addition, it is less dirty due to its dust-repelling properties. With this kind of plaster on the facade, you can cover the surface of the walls using the previous material, which was previously used to decorate the house. This type of plaster penetrates well even into the smallest cracks and pits, creating a flat surface.

Types of plaster

How to choose

The choice of plaster is based on properties that are determined composition of the material.

Paying attention to such characteristics, you can choose the required type of plaster.

In the case of a house built of foam blocks, it is forbidden to use plaster... It is not able to provide the required level of vapor permeability in combination with aerated concrete.

The best options for decorating the facade of a house from will be acrylic or silicone variety... Silicate is also a good option. Otherwise, everything depends on financial capabilities.

The silicate variety is considered the most expensive, but in any case, saving on external finishing of the facade will entail even higher costs in the future. Since the surface of the walls will not be sufficiently protected, it will subsequently require significant investments in repairs.

Characteristics of plaster

Application conditions and surface preparation

Given the properties of aerated concrete to quickly absorb moisture, it is necessary to provide it with protection from getting wet... If the material is wet, then this is not the biggest problem in the finishing process, the main thing is not to let it freeze in this state. Frozen moisture in blocks promises cracks and material destruction.

It is very important, after the laying of aerated concrete blocks has been completed, let it dry completely... This is the reason why it is recommended to carry out facade finishing only in warm weather.

If a concrete-sandy variety of mortar was used to adhere the blocks to each other, then it should be borne in mind that more time is needed for drying. This is due to the fact that the seam has a significantly greater thickness than the one that was made with a special adhesive.

Surface preparation

If it is impossible to carry out finishing work in the warm season, the surface is covered with a deep penetration primer. It is able to reduce water absorption. Additionally, the walls are covered with plastic wrap. The recommended conditions for carrying out such work is a period with a temperature regime at night above 0 degrees.

Before proceeding with the application of plaster on the walls, the following is done:

the first step is to ensure the most flat surface... This is achieved by filling all gaps and cracks with cement mortar;
after that, use a plane or grater for aerated concrete blocks, with which all irregularities are finally eliminated... If the surface has various pits or cracks, then in the future this will cause an increased consumption of material;
the last thing in preparing the walls is cleaning them from dust and dirt particles... This is done with a brush or roller dampened with water. These tools process the entire surface of the walls, after which some time is given for the material to dry completely.

Insulation for aerated concrete

One of the questions faced by the owners of private houses during the construction process is the issue of wall insulation from the outside.

NOTE!

Foam insulation is rarely used, since the level of vapor permeability of such a material is 10 times less than that of aerated concrete. In addition, it is not recommended to insulate a building in areas with a humid climate with this material.

This is due to the fact that the space between the insulation and the wall will be filled with moisture, and this is fraught with the appearance of decay processes on aerated concrete.

insulated most often, since the level of vapor permeability is significantly higher... Such insulation allows you to create and maintain the necessary microclimate for the room.
very convenient during application... It is characterized by a high level of thermal insulation qualities. It is applied by spraying, which, in addition to the ease of the process, provides a seamless surface.
Plaster can also be used for wall insulation.... For this, sawdust, perlite, expanded glass are added to the solution. It is quite convenient and practical to insulate the walls in this way, the only thing that should be taken into account when insulating in this way is the complete loss of the breathing properties of aerated concrete. In comparison with insulation with mineral wool, this method has a rather low efficiency.

When choosing a material for insulation, it is necessary to take into account the climatic conditions in which the house is located and its capabilities. The best option for insulation is the use of mineral wool, but in each case the choice of material is individual.

Insulation of the foam block

Surface priming

The role of the primer is to provide the wall with water repellency. Therefore, the composition of the material for the primer must be made on the basis of acrylosiloxane.

Such material is able to provide protective properties and prevent precipitation from destroying the material.

The surface on which the primer will be applied must not be cracked or dirty.

Priming begins after the surface of the walls has been completely prepared, namely, all dust has been removed and all irregularities have been eliminated. After the water applied for cleaning has completely dried, the priming process begins.

You can often come across recommendations that the material for priming should be diluted with water in a 1: 1 ratio. However, this is wrong, this technique will significantly reduce the properties of adhesion to the surface. You don't have to worry about this property if the wall has been prepared correctly beforehand.

Plastering and surface reinforcement technology

After the primer layer is completely dry, proceed to the application of the plaster solution.

Application can be done in two ways:

Thick layer... This method consists in applying the plaster in one layer, after which it is smoothed and trowelled.
Thin layer... It is characterized by the application of the material in thin layers several times. The advantage of this method is the ability to prepare the surface for the application of a decorative type of plaster, namely a leveling layer. It is also possible to apply special compounds that provide sound insulation properties.

But, before proceeding with the application of plaster, it is necessary to carry out the reinforcement process using a metal mesh. Due to this, it is possible to achieve the maximum level of adhesion between materials and the wall. The mesh is fixed after applying a thin layer of plaster... And after that they are closed with the same layer of material.

Reinforcement

After the plaster dries, the surface becomes monolithic. In some case, it is permissible to attach the mesh to self-tapping screws.... The mesh is attached with an overlap equal to 50 cm.

Reinforcement is used regardless of the chosen method of plastering, but there is no need for it, if the thickness of the layer of material for plastering is not more than 2 cm.

Otherwise, reinforcement occurs depending on the application method:

If a high build method of application is selected, then the reinforcing mesh should be under a layer of primer, after which the plaster is applied. The reinforcing mesh is covered with a layer of primer, which is leveled and dried, after which a layer of plaster is applied. Then they wait 2 days and start painting the walls.
If thin layer application is selected, then after attaching the reinforcing mesh, apply a leveling solution and wait for it to dry completely... After that, the surface is primed and the finishing layer is applied with decorative plaster. When it dries, start painting or processing with any other selected material.

Plaster

Sectional diagram

Finishing layer

The finishing layer is made with plaster, belonging to the decorative class. You can also additionally use paints and varnishes. The choice of decorative plaster is purely individual and depends more on the design decision than on any special properties.

Before applying the finishing layer of plaster, grout is carried out, after which they proceed to the final work. The only thing that needs to be considered with regards to the plaster for the finishing layer is its vapor permeability property. Paint should have similar properties.

Finishing

Useful video

DIY workshop on finishing aerated concrete:

Conclusion

A house built from gas silicate blocks has many advantages. The disadvantages of such a material as aerated concrete are eliminated with the help of a properly selected material for facade decoration. As well as the choice of material, since the plastering process itself should be approached as scrupulously and responsibly as possible.

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