Bimetal radiator how many sections are required. How to calculate the number of sections of bimetallic heating radiators for a home. For a standard room

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Thanks to the equipment that regularly appears on the construction market, it is not difficult to choose certain household items for your home. The same applies to heating devices, the popularity of which especially increases with the onset of cold weather. At the same time, an increasing number of owners give preference to bimetallic samples of such equipment, which are distinguished by high technical characteristics and reliability.

But in order for all installation work to proceed without any problems, it is important to take into account many parameters, such as the thermal power of bimetallic heating radiators, the dimensions of bimetallic heating radiators, etc. how to calculate the number of sections of a bimetallic heating radiator so that the equipment works reliably and at the same time economically (read also: ""). This is what will be discussed further.

Advantages of bimetallic heating radiators

It's no secret that bimetallic heating radiators of which are quite compact and convenient for installation are one of the best devices that allow you to equip a high-quality and at the same time economical heating system.

The main advantages of such products are the following:

Long service life... It is quite problematic to indicate the specific operational life of these radiators, however, almost all manufacturers give a quality guarantee for a period of 20 years, which is quite a lot.
Power of bimetallic heating radiators... If we compare similar products, for example, with samples made of aluminum, it is worth noting that only some aluminum heaters are able to provide the same power as bimetal radiators. In view of this, the calculation of bimetallic heating radiators is also simpler.
High aesthetic properties... Such batteries will perfectly fit into a room with absolutely any interior, without violating its design. Moreover, the size of bimetallic radiators ensures that the equipment will not take up much space and will not cause inconvenience to the owners.

All these advantages contribute to the fact that these heating devices have gained wide popularity among consumers and today are perhaps the most common heating devices.

But these mechanisms still have a drawback - this is their cost. Bimetallic samples of radiators are much more expensive than analogs made of other, simpler materials. That is why it is important to take into account not only the size of the section of the bimetallic radiator, but also the number of these segments in the equipment, in order to save oneself from the need to overpay a significant part of the financial resources. How to calculate bimetallic heating radiators in accordance with the number of their sections should be described in more detail (read: "").

Rules for calculating the number of sections of bimetallic radiators

Speaking about such heating devices as heating radiators, bimetallic calculation of sections, of course, would be more correct to entrust specialists with experience in such work. Qualified craftsmen will accurately and competently carry out all the calculations and help determine which of the radiator samples is best installed in a particular room. In addition, professional workers will be able to provide various product photos and videos on their correct installation.

Arguing about the installation of equipment such as heating batteries, bimetallic calculations must necessarily take place taking into account the following factors:

the thickness of the walls of the building being equipped and the material from which it is made;
types of windows installed in the room;
availability of additional heating;
standard climatic factors (temperature, humidity, etc.);
the number of external walls;
floor height;
the total area of the dwelling.

Taking into account all these criteria will make it possible to perform the most competent and accurate calculation.

Self-calculation of the power of bimetallic radiators for 1 m² of the room

By installing bimetallic heating radiators, the calculation can be performed independently, that is, without the help of professional craftsmen. There is a convenient and simple way for this.

Initially, you need to decide which bimetallic batteries are planned to be installed. After calculating the area of the premises, it will be possible to obtain information on exactly how many products will need to be purchased.

It will be necessary to select the required standard governing the required power for 1 m² of the room. This means that it will be necessary to decide how many watts of energy can heat an area of 1 m² at a given ceiling height.

If the room has only one window and is equipped with one wall, then approximately 100 watts of energy may be required for quality heating.

But in the event that there are two outer walls in a room with one window, then the power of the bimetallic radiator section should be about 120 watts. It should be remembered that such calculations relate to the ceiling of a standard height of 2.7 m (in more detail: "").

It also happens that the ceiling height in the room does not coincide with the standard one, and the room has two windows and two outer walls. In this case, the power of one section of the bimetallic radiator should not be less than 130 W, so that every square meter of the room is well warmed up.

The principle of calculating bimetallic radiators for a room

By installing bimetallic radiators, the dimensions of the room will help determine how much power the purchased sample should have. To do this, it will be enough just to multiply the above-described calculation results by the entire area of the space being equipped.

As you know, the area of a room is calculated by multiplying its length by its width. But in the event that the shape of the room is non-standard and it is rather difficult to calculate its perimeter, then some error in the calculations can be allowed, but the result should be rounded up.

When considering such equipment as heating radiators, the bimetallic dimensions of the section also play an important role, since its height must be suitable for the installation site of these batteries (read: "").

One of the parameters of such devices as bimetallic radiators - the section power - has already been considered earlier. Now it is necessary to dwell in more detail on the number of functional segments for this apparatus. It will not be difficult to calculate the number of sections: for this, you need to divide the total power required for heating the room by the power of one section of the desired radiator model.

Watch a video about the advantages of bimetallic radiators:

Speaking about such a parameter as the size of heating radiators, bimetallic samples often have a fixed number of sections, especially for modern products. If the assortment is limited only by such devices, then it is necessary to choose the model, the number of sections in which is as close as possible to the number obtained as a result of calculations. But, of course, it would be more correct to dwell on samples with a large number of segments, since a certain excess of heat is still definitely better than a lack of it. Read also: "".

How to calculate the number of sections

To make it clearer, for example, you can calculate the number of sections of a bimetallic radiator, the total power of which is 200 W, and the area of the room is 30 m². To do this, you can use the following formula: 30 * 100/200 = 15 (in more detail: "").

This means that for high-quality and full-fledged heating of a room with such parameters, you will need to use a radiator with 15 sections. And do not forget that such a calculation option will be relevant only for rooms with a standard ceiling height, that is, no more than three meters, as well as with one window and one outer wall.

To illustrate this with a concrete example, you can take a room with two outside walls and two windows as a basis. Then the calculations will be as follows: 15 * 1.2 = 18, where 1.2 is the required coefficient. That is, for such a room, the most correct solution would be to install three bimetallic radiators equipped with six sections.

Many suppliers of this heating equipment on their websites provide very simple and understandable calculation programs with which you can make all the calculations just by entering the required data in the field. As a result, the program will calculate the required amount of equipment and compare the cost of certain types of heaters (for more details: "").

Such a service will be especially convenient for those who do not want to spend a lot of time doing calculations. If you wish, you can also ask for help from specialists who always have various photos of samples of bimetallic radiators available and are ready to share information on their correct calculation.

When modernizing the heating system, in addition to replacing pipes, radiators are also changed. And today they are made of different materials, different shapes and sizes. Equally important, they have different heat dissipation: the amount of heat that can be transferred to the air. And this must be taken into account when calculating the radiator sections.

The room will be warm if the amount of heat that goes away is compensated. Therefore, in the calculations, the heat loss of the premises is taken as a basis (they depend on the climatic zone, on the material of the walls, insulation, window area, etc.). The second parameter is the thermal power of one section. This is the amount of heat that it can give out at the maximum system parameters (90 ° C at the inlet and 70 ° C at the outlet). This characteristic is necessarily indicated in the passport, and is often present on the packaging.

We do the calculation of the number of sections of heating radiators with our own hands, we take into account the peculiarities of the premises and the heating system

One important point: when doing the calculations yourself, keep in mind that most manufacturers indicate the maximum figure they received under ideal conditions. Therefore, make any rounding up. In the case of low-temperature heating (the temperature of the heating medium at the inlet is below 85 ° C), they search for the heat output for the corresponding parameters or do a recalculation (described below).

Area calculation

This is the simplest technique that allows you to roughly estimate the number of sections required to heat a room. On the basis of many calculations, norms have been derived for the average heating power of one square of the area. To take into account the climatic features of the region, two norms were prescribed in SNiP:

for regions of central Russia, it is necessary from 60 W to 100 W;
for areas above 60 °, the heating rate per square meter is 150-200 watts.

Why is there such a wide range in the norms? In order to be able to take into account the materials of the walls and the degree of insulation. For houses made of concrete, the maximum values are taken, for brick houses, you can use the average. For insulated houses - the minimum. Another important detail: these standards are calculated for an average ceiling height - no higher than 2.7 meters.

Knowing the area of the room, you multiply its rate of heat consumption, which is most suitable for your conditions. You get the general heat loss of the room. In the technical data for the selected radiator model, find the heat output of one section. Divide the total heat loss by the power, you get their amount. It is not difficult, but to make it clearer, we will give an example.

An example of calculating the number of radiator sections by the area of the room

Corner room 16 m 2, in the middle lane, in a brick house. Batteries with a thermal power of 140 watts will be installed.

For a brick house, we take heat loss in the middle of the range. Since the room is angular, it is better to take a higher value. Let it be 95 watts. Then it turns out that 16 m 2 * 95 W = 1520 W is required to heat the room.

Now we count the number of radiators for heating this room: 1520 W / 140 W = 10.86 pcs. We round it up, it turns out 11 pcs. So many radiator sections will need to be installed.

The calculation of radiators per area is simple, but far from ideal: the height of the ceilings is not taken into account at all. With a non-standard height, a different technique is used: by volume.

We count batteries by volume

There are norms in SNiP for heating one cubic meter of premises. They are given for different types of buildings:

for brick for 1 m 3, 34 W of heat is required;
for panel - 41 W

This calculation of radiator sections is similar to the previous one, only now we do not need an area, but the volume and norms are taken by others. The volume is multiplied by the norm, the resulting figure is divided by the power of one section of the radiator (aluminum, bimetallic or cast iron).

The formula for calculating the number of sections by volume

Calculation example by volume

For example, let's calculate how many sections are needed in a room with an area of 16 m 2 and a ceiling height of 3 meters. The building is brick-built. Let's take radiators of the same power: 140 W:

Find the volume. 16 m 2 * 3 m = 48 m 3
We consider the required amount of heat (the norm for brick buildings is 34 W). 48 m 3 * 34 W = 1632 W.
Determine how many sections are needed. 1632W / 140W = 11.66 pcs. Round off, we get 12 pieces.

Now you know two ways to calculate the number of radiators per room.

Heat dissipation of one section

Today the range of radiators is large. With the outward similarity of the majority, thermal indicators can differ significantly. They depend on the material from which they are made, on the size, wall thickness, internal section and on how well thought out the design.

Therefore, it is possible to say exactly how many kW in 1 section of an aluminum (cast iron bimetallic) radiator can be said only in relation to each model. These data are indicated by the manufacturer. After all, there is a significant difference in size: some of them are tall and narrow, others are low and deep. The power of a section of the same height of the same manufacturer, but of different models, may differ by 15-25 W (see the table below for STYLE 500 and STYLE PLUS 500). Even more tangible differences can be from different manufacturers.

Nevertheless, for a preliminary estimate of how many battery sections are needed for space heating, the average values of the heat output were derived for each type of radiator. They can be used for approximate calculations (data are given for batteries with a center distance of 50 cm):

Bimetallic - one section emits 185 W (0.185 kW).
Aluminum - 190 W (0.19 kW).
Cast iron - 120 W (0.120 kW).

More precisely, how many kW in one section of a bimetallic, aluminum or cast iron radiator can you when you choose a model and decide on the dimensions. There can be a very big difference in cast iron batteries. They are with thin or thick walls, due to which their thermal power significantly changes. Above are the average values for batteries of the usual shape (accordion) and those close to it. Radiators in the "retro" style have significantly lower heat output.

These are the technical characteristics of the cast-iron radiators of the Turkish company Demir Dokum. The difference is more than substantial. It can be even more

Based on these values and average norms in SNiP, the average number of radiator sections per 1 m 2 was derived:

the bimetallic section will heat 1.8 m 2;
aluminum - 1.9-2.0 m 2;
cast iron - 1.4-1.5 m 2;

bimetallic 16 m 2 / 1.8 m 2 = 8.88 pcs, round up - 9 pcs.
aluminum 16 m 2/2 m 2 = 8 pcs.
cast iron 16 m 2 / 1.4 m 2 = 11.4 pcs, round up - 12 pcs.

These calculations are only approximate. According to them, you can roughly estimate the cost of purchasing heating devices. You can accurately calculate the number of radiators per room by choosing a model, and then recalculating the number depending on the temperature of the coolant in your system.

Calculation of radiator sections depending on real conditions

Once again, we draw your attention to the fact that the thermal power of one section of the battery is indicated for ideal conditions. The battery will give out so much heat if its coolant at the inlet has a temperature of + 90 ° C, at the outlet + 70 ° C, while the room is maintained at + 20 ° C. That is, the temperature head of the system (also called the "delta system") will be 70 ° C. What to do if your system does not have higher than + 70 ° C at the entrance? or is the room temperature + 23 ° C required? Recalculate the declared capacity.

To do this, you need to calculate the temperature head of your heating system. For example, at the supply you have + 70 ° C, at the outlet + 60 ° C, and in the room you need a temperature of + 23 ° C. We find the delta of your system: this is the arithmetic average of the temperatures at the inlet and outlet, minus the temperature in the room.

For our case, it turns out: (70 ° C + 60 ° C) / 2 - 23 ° C = 42 ° C. The delta for these conditions is 42 ° C. Next, we find this value in the conversion table (located below) and multiply the declared power by this coefficient. We will teach the power that this section can give for your conditions.

When recalculating, we proceed in the following order. We find in the blue colored columns a line with a delta of 42 ° C. It corresponds to a coefficient of 0.51. Now we calculate the thermal power of 1 section of the radiator for our case. For example, the declared power is 185 W, applying the found coefficient, we get: 185 W * 0.51 = 94.35 W. Almost half the size. It is this power that needs to be substituted when calculating the radiator sections. Only taking into account the individual parameters will the room be warm.

There are several methods for calculating the number of radiators, but their essence is the same: find out the maximum heat loss in a room, and then calculate the number of heating devices required to compensate them.

There are different calculation methods. The simplest ones give approximate results. Nevertheless, they can be used if the premises are standard or apply coefficients that allow taking into account the existing "non-standard" conditions of each particular room (corner room, exit to the balcony, full-wall window, etc.). There is a more complex calculation using the formulas. But in fact, these are the same coefficients, only collected in one formula.

There is one more method. It determines the actual losses. A special device - a thermal imager - determines the real heat loss. And on the basis of these data, they calculate how many radiators are needed to compensate them. What's more good about this method is that the thermal imager clearly shows where the heat is most actively removed. It can be a defect in work or building materials, a crack, etc. So at the same time, you can straighten out the situation.

Calculation of heating radiators by area

The easiest way. Calculate the amount of heat required for heating, based on the area of the room in which the radiators will be installed. You know the area of each room, and the heat demand can be determined according to the building codes SNiP:

for the middle climatic zone, 60-100W is required for heating 1m 2 of living space;
for areas above 60 o, 150-200W are required.

Based on these norms, you can calculate how much heat your room will require. If the apartment / house is located in the middle climatic zone, for heating an area of 16m 2, 1600W of heat will be required (16 * 100 = 1600). Since the norms are average, and the weather does not indulge in constancy, we believe that 100W is required. Although, if you live in the south of the middle climatic zone and your winters are mild, count 60W.

A power reserve in heating is needed, but not very large: with an increase in the amount of required power, the number of radiators increases. And the more radiators, the more coolant in the system. If for those who are connected to central heating this is not critical, then for those who have or are planning individual heating, a large volume of the system means large (extra) costs for heating the coolant and a greater inertia of the system (the set temperature is less accurately maintained). And a logical question arises: "Why pay more?"

Having calculated the heat demand of the room, we can find out how many sections are required. Each of the heating devices can emit a certain amount of heat, which is indicated in the passport. They take the found heat demand and divide it by the radiator power. The result is the required number of sections to make up for losses.

Let's calculate the number of radiators for the same room. We have determined that 1600W is required. Let the power of one section be 170W. It turns out 1600/170 = 9.411 pcs. You can round up or down at your discretion. It can be rounded into a smaller one, for example, in a kitchen - there are enough additional sources of heat, and in a larger one - it is better in a room with a balcony, a large window or in a corner room.

The system is simple, but the disadvantages are obvious: the height of the ceilings can be different, the material of the walls, windows, insulation and a number of other factors are not taken into account. So the calculation of the number of heating radiator sections according to SNiP is approximate. For an accurate result, you need to make adjustments.

How to calculate radiator sections by room volume

With this calculation, not only the area is taken into account, but also the height of the ceilings, because all the air in the room needs to be heated. So this approach is justified. And in this case, the technique is similar. We determine the volume of the room, and then, according to the norms, we find out how much heat is needed to heat it:

Let's calculate everything for the same room with an area of 16m 2 and compare the results. Let the ceiling height be 2.7m. Volume: 16 * 2.7 = 43.2m 3.

In a panel house. Heat required for heating 43.2m 3 * 41V = 1771.2W. If we take all the same sections with a power of 170W, we get: 1771W / 170W = 10.418 pieces (11 pieces).
In a brick house. Heat is needed 43.2m 3 * 34W = 1468.8W. We count radiators: 1468.8W / 170W = 8.64pcs (9pcs).

As you can see, the difference turns out to be quite large: 11 pieces and 9 pieces. Moreover, when calculating by area, an average value was obtained (if rounded in the same direction) - 10 pieces.

Adjustment of results

In order to get a more accurate calculation, you need to take into account as many factors as possible that reduce or increase heat loss. This is what the walls are made of and how well they are insulated, how large the windows are, and what kind of glazing is on them, how many walls in the room face the street, etc. For this, there are coefficients by which the found values of the heat loss of the room must be multiplied.

Window

Windows account for 15% to 35% of heat loss. The specific figure depends on the size of the window and on how well it is insulated. Therefore, there are two corresponding coefficients:

ratio of window area to floor area:
- 10% — 0,8
- 20% — 0,9
- 30% — 1,0
- 40% — 1,1
- 50% — 1,2
glazing:
- three-chamber double-glazed window or argon in a two-chamber double-glazed window - 0.85
- ordinary double-glazed window - 1.0
- conventional double frames - 1.27.

Walls and roof

To account for losses, the material of the walls, the degree of thermal insulation, the number of walls facing the street are important. Here are the coefficients for these factors.

Thermal insulation degree:

brick walls two bricks thick are considered the norm - 1.0
insufficient (absent) - 1.27
good - 0.8

The presence of external walls:

indoor space - no losses, coefficient 1.0
one - 1.1
two - 1.2
three - 1.3

The amount of heat loss is influenced by whether or not the room is heated above. If there is an inhabited heated room on top (second floor of a house, another apartment, etc.), the decreasing coefficient is 0.7, if the heated attic is 0.9. It is generally accepted that an unheated attic does not in any way affect the temperature in and (coefficient 1.0).

If the calculation was carried out by area, and the height of the ceilings is non-standard (a height of 2.7 m is taken as the standard), then a proportional increase / decrease using a coefficient is used. It is considered easy. To do this, divide the real height of the ceilings in the room by the standard 2.7 m. You get the required coefficient.

Let's calculate for example: let the ceiling height be 3.0 m. We get: 3.0m / 2.7m = 1.1. This means the number of radiator sections, which was calculated by the area for a given room, must be multiplied by 1.1.

All these norms and factors were determined for apartments. To take into account the heat loss of the house through the roof and basement / foundation, you need to increase the result by 50%, that is, the coefficient for a private house is 1.5.

Climatic factors

Adjustments can be made based on average winter temperatures:

-10 o C and above - 0.7
-15 o C - 0.9
-20 o C - 1.1
-25 o C - 1.3
-30 o C - 1.5

Having made all the necessary adjustments, you will get a more accurate number of radiators required for heating a room, taking into account the parameters of the premises. But this is not all the criteria that affect the power of thermal radiation. There are also technical subtleties, which we will discuss below.

Calculation of different types of radiators

If you are going to install sectional radiators of a standard size (with an axial distance of 50 cm in height) and have already chosen the material, model and the required size, there should be no difficulty in calculating their number. Most reputable companies supplying good heating equipment have technical data for all modifications on their website, among which there is a thermal power. If it is not power that is indicated, but the flow rate of the coolant, then it is simple to translate into power: the flow rate of the coolant in 1 l / min is approximately equal to the power of 1 kW (1000 W).

The axial distance of the radiator is determined by the height between the centers of the holes for the supply / return of the coolant.

To make life easier for buyers, a specially designed calculator program is installed on many sites. Then the calculation of heating radiator sections is reduced to entering data on your room in the appropriate fields. And at the output you have a finished result: the number of sections of this model in pieces.

But if you are just thinking about possible options, then it should be borne in mind that radiators of the same size from different materials have different thermal power. The method for calculating the number of sections of bimetallic radiators is no different from calculating aluminum, steel or cast iron. Only the heat output of one section can be different.

aluminum - 190W
bimetallic - 185W
cast iron - 145W.

If you are just wondering which of the materials to choose, you can use this data. For clarity, we present the simplest calculation of sections of bimetallic heating radiators, which takes into account only the area of the room.

When determining the number of heating devices made of bimetal of standard size (center-to-center distance 50cm), it is assumed that one section can heat 1.8m 2 of area. Then for a room of 16m 2 you need: 16m 2 / 1.8m 2 = 8.88 pcs. Rounding up - 9 sections are needed.

We consider the same for cast iron or steel barriers. We only need norms:

bimetallic radiator - 1.8m 2
aluminum - 1.9-2.0m 2
cast iron - 1.4-1.5m 2.

This data is for sections with a center distance of 50cm. Today, there are models on sale with very different heights: from 60cm to 20cm and even lower. Models 20cm and below are called curbs. Naturally, their capacity differs from the specified standard, and if you plan to use a "non-standard", you will have to make adjustments. Either look for passport data, or count yourself. We proceed from the fact that the heat transfer of a heating device directly depends on its area. With a decrease in height, the area of the device decreases, and, therefore, the power decreases proportionally. That is, you need to find the ratio of the heights of the selected radiator to the standard, and then use this coefficient to correct the result.

For clarity, we will calculate the area of aluminum radiators. The room is the same: 16m 2. We count the number of sections of a standard size: 16m 2 / 2m 2 = 8pcs. But we want to use small sections with a height of 40cm. We find the ratio of radiators of the selected size to the standard ones: 50cm / 40cm = 1.25. And now we adjust the quantity: 8pcs * 1.25 = 10pcs.

Correction depending on the mode of the heating system

Manufacturers in the passport data indicate the maximum power of the radiators: in high-temperature mode of use - the temperature of the coolant in the supply is 90 ° C, in the return line - 70 ° C (denoted by 90/70), the room should be 20 ° C. But in this mode, modern systems heating systems work very rarely. Typically, a medium power mode of 75/65/20 is used, or even a low-temperature mode with parameters 55/45/20. It is clear that the calculation needs to be corrected.

To take into account the operating mode of the system, it is necessary to determine the temperature difference of the system. Temperature head is the difference between the temperature of the air and the heaters. In this case, the temperature of the heaters is considered as the arithmetic mean between the flow and return values.

To make it clearer, we will calculate cast-iron heating radiators for two modes: high-temperature and low-temperature, sections of a standard size (50cm). The room is the same: 16m 2. One cast-iron section in high-temperature mode 90/70/20 heats 1.5m 2. Therefore, we need 16m 2 / 1.5m 2 = 10.6 pcs. Round off - 11pcs. It is planned to use the low temperature mode 55/45/20 in the system. Now we will find the temperature difference for each of the systems:

high-temperature 90/70 / 20- (90 + 70) / 2-20 = 60 о С;
low-temperature 55/45/20 - (55 + 45) / 2-20 = 30 о С.

That is, if a low-temperature operating mode is used, twice as many sections will be needed to provide the room with heat. For our example, a room of 16m 2 requires 22 sections of cast iron radiators. The battery turns out to be large. This, by the way, is one of the reasons why this type of heating device is not recommended for use in networks with low temperatures.

With this calculation, the desired air temperature can also be taken into account. If you want the room to be not 20 ° C, but, for example, 25 ° C, just calculate the thermal head for this case and find the required coefficient. Let's do the calculation for the same cast-iron radiators: the parameters will be 90/70/25. We consider the temperature head for this case (90 + 70) / 2-25 = 55 о С. Now we find the ratio 60 о С / 55 о С = 1.1. To provide a temperature of 25 ° C, you need 11pcs * 1.1 = 12.1pcs.

Dependence of the power of radiators on the connection and location

In addition to all the parameters described above, the heat dissipation of the radiator varies depending on the type of connection. A diagonal connection with a supply from above is considered optimal, in which case there is no heat loss. The largest losses are observed with lateral connection - 22%. All the rest are average in terms of efficiency. The approximate percentage loss values are shown in the figure.

The actual power of the radiator also decreases in the presence of barriers. For example, if a window sill hangs from above, the heat transfer drops by 7-8%, if it does not completely cover the radiator, then the losses are 3-5%. When installing a mesh screen that does not reach the floor, the losses are about the same as in the case of an overhanging window sill: 7-8%. But if the screen completely covers the entire heating device, its heat transfer decreases by 20-25%.

Determination of the number of radiators for one-pipe systems

There is one more very important point: all of the above is true for when a coolant with the same temperature enters the input of each of the radiators. it is considered much more complicated: there, for each subsequent heating device, water is supplied with ever colder water. And if you want to calculate the number of radiators for a one-pipe system, you need to recalculate the temperature every time, and this is difficult and time-consuming. Which exit? One of the possibilities is to determine the power of the radiators as for a two-pipe system, and then add sections in proportion to the drop in thermal power to increase the heat transfer of the battery as a whole.

Let us explain with an example. The diagram shows a one-pipe heating system with six radiators. The number of batteries was determined for two-pipe wiring. Now you need to make an adjustment. For the first heater, everything remains the same. The second is supplied with a coolant with a lower temperature. Determine the% power drop and increase the number of sections by the corresponding value. The picture looks like this: 15kW-3kW = 12kW. We find the percentage: the temperature drop is 20%. Accordingly, to compensate, we increase the number of radiators: if 8 pieces were needed, it will be 20% more - 9 or 10 pieces. This is where knowledge of the room comes in handy: if it is a bedroom or a nursery, round it up, if a living room or other similar room, round it down. Take into account the location relative to the cardinal points: in the north you round it up, in the south you round it down.

This method is clearly not ideal: after all, it turns out that the last battery in the branch will have to have simply huge dimensions: judging by the scheme, a coolant with a specific heat equal to its power is supplied to its input, and it is impossible to remove 100% in practice. Therefore, usually when determining the power of the boiler for one-pipe systems, they take a certain margin, put shut-off valves and connect the radiators through the bypass so that the heat transfer can be adjusted, and thus compensate for the drop in the temperature of the coolant. One thing follows from all this: the number and / or size of radiators in a one-pipe system must be increased, and more and more sections must be installed as the distance from the beginning of the branch increases.

Outcomes

An approximate calculation of the number of heating radiator sections is a simple and quick business. But clarification, depending on all the features of the premises, size, type of connection and location, requires attention and time. But you can definitely decide on the number of heating devices to create a comfortable atmosphere in winter.

Replacing heating radiators is a rather serious task. How well your home will be heated directly depends on the correct choice of equipment and connection.

And one of the main factors in such a crucial issue is the calculation of the power of the radiator. The number of sections can vary - and it is very important to correctly determine how many of them are required to heat each room.

We will consider the calculation of the number of sections for bimetallic radiators. It is these models (for example, RBS) that are now in greatest demand - they are highly valued for their high quality, excellent heat transfer rate and fast heating.

This result is achieved thanks to the design of the radiator and the combination of two materials (usually steel and aluminum). At the same time, the dimensions of the RBS radiators are quite compact.

However, as mentioned above, before purchasing and installing bimetallic radiators, you should accurately calculate how many sections are needed for high-quality heating of the room. An insufficiently powerful radiator will not create the required amount of heat.

Method one (by area of the room)

(Room area / capacity of one radiator section) x 100 = number of sections.

If a result is obtained with a remainder, rounding is done upward. The power of one section of a bimetallic radiator is indicated in the technical characteristics of the product.

Here is a calculation for an example using an RBS-300 radiator (room dimensions - 3 × 5):

(15 x 121) x 100 = 12.4.

Rounding up, and we get the result - to heat a room measuring 3 × 5 (15 square meters), we need to use an RBS-300 radiator with 13 sections.

Method two (by area of the room)

You can use a simpler calculation - if you want to install a bimetallic radiator with a power of about 100-120 watts per section (for example, the same RBS-300). The formula is as follows:

Room area x 0.85 = number of sections.

If we use the above example, we get (room dimensions - as in the previous example):

15 x 0.85 = 12.75.

After rounding, the result is the same. We multiply by 0.85, based on the calculation that 85 watts are required for heating 1 square meter (with a margin).

Method three (by the volume of the room)

Such a calculation will be relevant for rooms that are larger than standard living rooms, and for those with high ceilings (over 3 meters).

The calculation is carried out as follows:

1. (Room area x ceiling height) = room volume.
2. Room volume x 40 = radiator power (total).
3. Radiator power / power of 1 section = number of sections.

Now - an approximate calculation (using the same RBS-300):

1.15 x 3 = 45.
2.45 x 40 = 1800.
3. 1800 / 121 ~ 15.

As you can see, the result is slightly higher.

Additional coefficients

Each calculation above does not take into account various additional conditions (although the numbers in it are indicated with a margin). For an accurate result, you can calculate the size of a bimetallic radiator using the following coefficients:

for particularly cold regions, a coefficient from 1.1 to 1.5 should be used (the above figures are relevant for central Russia);
for a corner room, the result should be multiplied by 1.2;
for each additional window, approximately another 100 watts is required, and for the door - 200 watts;
if the size of the room (room) is too large (more than 25-30 square meters), it is better to multiply the result by 1.1-1.2 more;
keep in mind that radiators with bottom connection have less heat dissipation.

Installation of bimetallic radiators

Now we will consider how the connection of bimetallic heating radiators is carried out. Their installation requires utmost attention and certain skills - mistakes made can not only worsen the operation of the heating system, but even lead to the passage of water.

The price of connection services from specialists is not too high, so if you are in doubt, it is better to entrust the task to experienced workers.

For acquaintance, we will give an approximate sequence according to which the installation and connection of bimetallic radiators is carried out.

Assembly

Typically, the radiator is sold pre-assembled, but sometimes they are delivered to shops disassembled. A special wrench is required to assemble the radiators. The same procedure is performed in cases where the radiator requires repair - if one of the sections is damaged and leaks.

Layout

The connection diagram must be well thought out and include all the necessary elements of the system. According to the method of supplying the coolant, the connection can be performed as follows:

1. A circuit with side connection is a common option, however, providing heat transfer by 2-5% lower than the norm.
2. A diagram with a diagonal connection is the best option that provides a full-fledged heat return (by the way, the heat output indicated on the product assumes this particular type of connection).
3. A circuit with a bottom connection ("Leningrad") is also a fairly common option, but in terms of efficiency, it is the worst. Installation with bottom connection is 10-15% worse than with diagonal connection.

The order of work

Installation (regardless of whether the installation scheme is with a bottom or with a diagonal connection) is carried out in the following sequence:

The location of the radiator is determined.
The points of attachment of the brackets are outlined (with a pencil or marker).
Brackets are installed using dowels.
The radiator is installed in such a way that the lower edges lie on the hooks of the brackets.
The supply pipes are connected.
Air is released (through the Mayevsky valve or other air vent).

Basic connection rules

Relevant for radiators with bottom, diagonal and side connections.

The radiator should be installed at a distance of 5 centimeters from the wall, 15-20 centimeters from the floor and 10-15 from the windowsill.
It is advisable to install the installation in the summer - when there is no water in the heating system.
Installation in the winter should be carried out by specialists - a mistake can lead to the fact that you pour boiling water into the apartment.
Before installing the radiator, it is recommended to cover the floor underneath with unnecessary rags.
The opening of the taps should be done smoothly - in order to avoid water hammer and clogging of pipes (especially important if the installation is carried out with a bottom connection).

Rates

Approximate price for some models and work performance:

1 section (minimum number of sections - 4, connection diagram - any), power - 120-150 W - 350-500 rubles;
1 section (the minimum number of sections is 4), power - 150-180 W - 500-800 rubles;
bimetallic radiator, 6 sections, section power - 192 W (total radiator - 1152 W) - 2200-3200 rubles;
bimetallic radiator, 8 sections, section power - 171 W (total radiator - 1368 W) - 4500-5000 rubles;
bimetallic radiator, 14 sections, section power - 134 W (total radiator - 1876 W) - 10,000-11,000 rubles;
installation of a radiator (piping, connection, installation of jumpers and taps) - 1,500-2,500 rubles.

Reading time ≈ 7 minutes

Heating is of considerable importance in the arrangement of every home, while bimetallic heating radiators are very popular and, knowing how to calculate the number of sections, you can effectively organize heating of the entire room with maximum savings.

Radiator options

How to choose a product

In addition to efficiency, radiators will give the room a more modern look, contrasting significantly with older cast iron radiators. And their counterparts will have more power. But you should be prepared for the fact that when replacing, various kinds of discrepancies may arise. This is due to the fact that modern designs are not always compatible with the old centralized heating system that is in the house.

To get out of this situation in the best way, heating network experts recommend using bimetallic radiators for heating the home. But for maximum efficiency, you should correctly calculate the number of sections required for installation. After all, such radiators are distinguished by a higher power than cast iron batteries. They are also visually beautiful, so they will fit into any.

Installed radiator

Bimetallic features

If you decide to install batteries made of two metals in your home, then be sure to feel their benefits and positive features. You will receive proof that the choice was not made in vain:

the duration of the operational period. On average, manufacturers guarantee 20 years of operation, which adds popularity to radiators;
bimetallic radiators are close in terms of the level of heat transfer to batteries made of pure aluminum;
this option can be installed even where heating systems have unstable pressure. This is due to the fact that in terms of power such radiators exceed those of aluminum, cast iron and steel;
no corrosion, which guarantees long-term operation of the radiators. This happens due to the design features - the coolant is in contact only with the steel core. But he does not touch the aluminum elements.

The radiator will fit perfectly into the interior

Of course, the disadvantages of this product can also be highlighted. This is a high cost. But this disadvantage quickly disappears due to the advantages listed above. Indeed, thanks to the technical characteristics described above, bimetallic radiators will give not only long, but also comfortable heating of the house while maintaining safety. But do not forget, for the warmth in the room you need the right one.

If the house will be equipped with bimetallic radiators instead of cast iron products, you should clearly know how many sections you need. At the same time, we must not forget that their power is several times higher than the old batteries.

Sizes are selected individually

Nuances of calculating the coefficient of heat loss in the house

It is impossible to make an accurate calculation of the number of heating radiator sections without taking into account the heat losses in the room. The weakest link is the window. An exception is the presence of a balcony. In general, it will first be required to create quality heating.

Professionals should calculate the scheme

To calculate the power of the radiator, add a correction factor of 1.27 (if the glazing is traditional), by 1 - if there is a double-glazed unit with two chambers, and by 0.85 - if windows with three chambers are installed. The most noticeable zones of heat loss in a room are:

windows: their parameters also affect heat loss. Therefore, the correction factor depends on the ratio of the window to the floor. With a proportion of 10% to the floor area, it is 0.8. If you are the owner of a house with panoramic glazing, which occupies 50%, then 1.2.
thermal insulation: poor thermal insulation also contributes to significant heat loss. In this case, the correction is 1.27.
walls: a significant amount of heat is also lost through the outer walls. If there is only 1 wall that faces the street, then the multiplication when calculating the power occurs by 1.1. And in the presence of 2 or 3 external walls - by 1.2 and 1.3, respectively;
an increase of 10% to the window area adds 0.1 to the correction factor.

All these nuances are very important in order to correctly calculate the power of the radiator for heating. Indeed, otherwise the room will be cold even with the boiler constantly turned on at maximum.

Radiator power formula

Particular attention should be paid to how the bimetallic heating radiator is produced. For example, models with sections are quite convenient to mount, especially with errors in the calculations. At any time, you can get rid of unnecessary sections by simply dismantling them. You can also do everything in the reverse order and, if necessary, add the required number of sections.

The same cannot be said about solid-type radiators. But, in turn, they are able to withstand a pressure of 100 atmospheres, which no batteries can boast of.

The downside is the need to completely replace the panel, if suddenly you made a mistake in the selection of power and the radiator cannot cope with the heating volume. So you should carefully and competently take everything into account before calculating the power of such structures.

The formula for calculating the number of radiators

How to calculate the number of elements depending on the area

The area of the room is important when calculating the power of a bimetallic radiator. The easiest way is to refer to SNiP and familiarize yourself with the recommended indicators of the minimum limit for the radiator power per square meter of the room. The standard is 100 watts. To find out the total area of the room, you need to multiply the width by the length. The resulting value is multiplied by the power. Divide the result by the power value of one radiator section. The section power is indicated in the technical data sheet from the manufacturer.

Example: room 16 m 2, power of 1 radiator section = 160 W. Substituting everything you need into the above formula, we get the following result:

(A * 100): B = number of sections

(16 * 100W): 160W = 10 sections

As you can see from the calculations, if your room has an area of 16 m 2, then 10 sections should be mounted in the radiator. This is quite enough for full and effective heating of the entire room. So, considering all the important parameters, it is not at all difficult to calculate how many sections you need.

But do not forget that the given indicators are relative and are valid for rooms whose ceiling height does not exceed 3 m and do not take into account heat loss indicators. And such important details can radically affect the heating system.

Calculation of power for the boiler

Scope: power calculations for the second option

ceiling height;
width;
length.

By multiplying all these indicators, we get the volume of the room. It is this that should be multiplied by the power indicator, which, according to SNiP, is determined at 41W.

Example: multiplying the width and length gave 16 m 2, while the ceiling height is 270 cm. You need 16 * 2.7 = 43 m 3. Now, in order to determine the power of the radiator, it is necessary to multiply the resulting volume by the power value, namely: 43 m 3 * 41W = 1771W.

Then the resulting value should be divided by the power of 1 section (for example, 160W), and we get: 1771: 160 = 11 sections.

Thus, 11 sections of a bimetallic radiator should be mounted on a room with a volume of 43 m 3. But, again, the calculation is not accurate. For the final calculation, use the formula:

S x 100 x k1 x k2 x k3 x k4 x k5 x k6 * k7 = battery power, where k is the heat loss indicators in the apartment:

k1 - glazing (depending on the type);
k2 - wall insulation (quality level);
k3 is the window area;
k4 - temperature indicator outside the window;
k5 - walls facing outward;
k6 - room above the room;
k7 is the ceiling height.

By following the formula, you will get a really accurate figure for the power and the actual number of sections required for installation. Moreover, these calculations are not difficult. Even the approximate value of each parameter in the formula makes it possible to more effectively estimate the required number of sections, rather than buying a radiator at random. It is also important to know that you need high quality before installing new radiators.

Connection diagram

A bimetallic radiator is an expensive and high-quality device. So before purchasing and installing it, take some time to calculate the power, so as not to face unpleasant surprises. But, buying bimetallic heating radiators and knowing how to calculate the number of sections, you will provide yourself with warmth and comfort in your apartment without unnecessary spending for many years.