How many parts of the world and which ones. How many continents on earth and their names. Arctic Ocean interesting facts

Man began to divide the land into regions from time immemorial. With the development of large territories, it became necessary to designate them for a better understanding of land ownership. Parts of the world are large areas of land that include continents or large parts of them, including nearby islands. They are associated with the historical development of society, and are not equivalent.

How many and what parts of the world are there on Earth?

Dividing the land into different regions began in the era of antiquity. In those days, three parts of the world were known: Europe, Asia and Africa, also called the Old World. During the period of great geographical discoveries, three more areas were developed, including America, Australia and Antarctica, also called the New World. Thus, today the world is usually divided into six parts of the world. Some of them geographically coincide with the continents, and the Eurasian continent is divided into two large parts.

Australia and Oceania

Australia and Oceania on the map

At the same time, it is the smallest continent and part of the Earth, with an area of 7.6 million km². The federal state of Australia includes 6 states. More than 24 million people live here, the population density is very low.

The name of the region consisting of islands and atolls in the Pacific Ocean. Their total area is 1.24 million km². Oceania includes more than 10 independent countries and about 30 territories dependent on other states. The population is over 10 million.

Asia

Asia on the map

It is located in the eastern part of Eurasia and ranks first among all parts of the world both in area and in population. The area of the territory is about 44.58 million km². The Ural Mountains are the natural border between Europe and Asia. There are about 50 countries in Asia. It is home to more than 4 billion people, whose ethnic composition is very diverse.

America

America on the map

America consists of two continents located in and hemispheres. The total area is 42.55 million km². There are 36 states and 17 independent territories in America. The population is about 1 billion people, most of whom live in Latin America.

Antarctica

Antarctica on the map

Occupies the territory of the continent of the same name. This part of the world was discovered in 1820. The area of Antarctica is 14.11 million km². There is no permanent population, and the temporary population is up to 5000 thousand people. The land does not belong to any state. According to the 1959 international treaty, the territory is demilitarized. There are several polar stations on the continent belonging to different countries. They conduct exclusively scientific activities.

Africa

Africa on the map

Another part of the world known from antiquity is this. The ancient Greeks called her Libya. The size of this part of the world is approximately 30.3 million km². It is located in the southern and northern hemispheres of the Earth, and passes through the continent. Africa is the cradle of humanity. Today, there are 54 states in which 1.1 billion people live.

Europe

Europe on the map

Europe lies in the western part of the Eurasia continent, its area is 10.18 million km². Numerous large islands and peninsulas adjoin it. Today Europe is the largest political and cultural center of the Earth. There are 43 states on its territory. Part of the world is characterized by a high population density. It is home to about 10% of the world's population.

How are parts of the world different from continents?

The mainland means a huge part of the land, surrounded on all sides and. At different historical times, the number of continents was not the same. The division into continents is due to geographical and geological features. Parts of the world include continents or part of them. These also include the islands closest to the continents. The division of land into parts of the world is associated with historical and cultural events.

Parts of the world and oceans

Europe is washed by 10 seas of the Arctic and Atlantic oceans. The Asian part of the world is washed by three oceans. The Pacific and Indian Oceans are the main shipping routes. Therefore, the bays and coastal seas of the Asian part of Eurasia are actively used in world shipping.

From the northwest, Australia is washed by the Indian Ocean. The Pacific Ocean is adjacent to it from the east. The Oceania Islands are located in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

The southernmost part of the world, Antarctica, is washed by three oceans: the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific. Some oceanographers combine the waters of these oceans into a separate Southern Ocean.

North America is washed by three oceans: the Arctic, Pacific and Atlantic. The Pacific and Atlantic oceans are adjacent to the shores of South America.

The shores of Africa are washed by the waters of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. The southern points of America and Africa are located quite close to Antarctica and are washed by the Southern Ocean.

Which countries are located in two parts of the world?

Russia has a huge territory. Occupying an impressive part of the continent, it is located simultaneously in the European and Asian parts of the world.

The Scandinavian country Denmark is located in the northwest of Europe. It also includes Greenland. Geographically, it belongs to North America, so it can be argued that Denmark is located in two parts of the world.

Egypt is located in Africa and Asia at the same time. The small Sinai Peninsula, which belongs to this country, geographically belongs to the Middle East. It is in Sinai that oil deposits and beautiful resorts are located. Most of the country is located in the African desert lands.

The Republic of Yemen, located in the Southwest of Asia, belongs to the Socotra archipelago in the Indian Ocean, which belongs to the African part of the world.

Indonesia is the largest archipelago. Its islands are located on both sides of the equator. The northern part of the republic is located in Asia, and the southern part is in Oceania.

The main part of the territory of Spain is located in the southwest of Europe. A remnant of the once vast Spanish colonial empire in Africa is the Vanity enclave.

Two thirds of Kazakhstan's territories are located in Asia. A small part of it lies in Europe. Azerbaijan and Turkey are located on the border between Europe and Asia.

USA is located in North America. However, the state owns several land plots in the Pacific Ocean, which belong to Oceania.

Consists of water and land. The share of the World Ocean accounts for 70.8% of the Earth's surface, which is 361.06 million km 2, and the share of land - 29.2%, or 149.02 million km 2.

The entire land of the Earth is conventionally divided into parts of the world and continents.

Continents of the earth

Continents, or continents- these are very large areas of land surrounded by water (Table 1). There are six of them on Earth: Eurasia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica and Australia. All continents are fairly well isolated from each other.

The total area of all continents is 139 million km 2.

The part of the land that juts out into the ocean or sea and is surrounded on three sides by water is called peninsula... The largest peninsula on Earth is the Arabian Peninsula (its area is 2,732 thousand km 2).

A small land area in comparison with the mainland, surrounded on all sides by water, is Island... Distinguish between single islands (the largest is Greenland, its area is 2,176 thousand km 2) and clusters of islands - archipelagos(for example, the Canadian Arctic Archipelago). By origin, the islands are subdivided into:

mainland - large islands that separated from the continents and are located on the underwater outskirts of the continents (for example, the island of Great Britain);
oceanic, among which there are volcanic and coral.

Perhaps the largest number of volcanic islands can be observed in the Pacific Ocean. Coral (organogenic) islands are characteristic of the hot zone. Coral structures - atolls have the shape of a ring or horseshoe with a diameter of up to several tens of kilometers. Sometimes atolls form truly gigantic clusters along the coast - barrier reefs(for example, the Great Barrier Reef along the east coast of Australia is 2000 km long).

Parts of the world

In addition to dividing the land into continents, in the course of cultural and historical development, there was another separation parts of the world, of which there are also six: Europe, Asia, America, Africa, Antarctica and Australia. Part of the world includes not only the mainland, but also the adjacent islands. The islands of the Pacific Ocean, far removed from the continents, form a special group called Oceania. The largest of them is about. New Guinea (area - 792.5 thousand km 2).

Continental geography

The location of the continents, as well as differences in the properties of waters, the system of currents and tides, makes it possible to divide, called oceans.

Currently, there are five oceans: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, and since 1996, by the decision of the Commission on Geographical Names, the South. More information on the oceans will be provided in the next section.

Table 1. General information about the continents


Specifications			North America	South America	Australia	Antarctica
Area, mln km 2 without islands with islands
Coastline, thousand km
Length, km: from North to South from west to east
Extreme points
northern	m. Chelyuskin 77 ° 43 "N	Ben-Sekka m. 37 ° 20 "N	m. Murchison 71 ° 50 "N	m. Gapinas 12 ° 25 "N	m. York 10 ° 41 "S	Sifre 63 ° S
	m. Piai 1 ° 16 "Media.	m. Needle 34 ° 52 "Yu.Sh.	m. Maryato 7 ° 12 "N	m. Froward 53 ° 54 "Juli.	m. South-East 39 ° 11 "S.
western	m. Roka 9 ° 34 "w.	m. Almadi 17 ° 32 "W.	m. Prince of Wales 168 ° 00 "W.	m. Parinyas 81 ° 20 "W.	m. Steep Point 113 ° 05 "E
eastern	m. Dezhneva 169 ° 40 "W.	m. Ras Khafun 51 ° 23 "E	m. St. Charles 55 ° 40 "PLN.	m. Cabo Branco 34 ° 46 "W. Long.	m. Byron 153 ° 39 "E

How many parts of the world are there on Earth? Europeans in the 16th century divided the world into four continents: Africa, America, Asia and Europe. Each of them seemed to represent its own quadrant of the world. Europe in the east, Africa in the south and America in the west. This division was in line with the trends of that era - then the world was divided into four seasons, four classic elements, four cardinal directions, and so on.

An ancient three-sided world

How many parts of the world are there on Earth? At a time when people still did not know anything about America, Australia and Antarctica, there were not so many of them. Before the discovery of the New World, in classical and medieval geography, three parts of the Earth were identified - Europe, Asia and Africa. As Laurent de Premierfeit (the eminent French translator of Latin literature in the early fifteenth century) once told his readers: "Asia is one of the three parts of the world that stretches towards the East until the rising sun."

Seen through the eyes of a modern geographer, the Ural Mountains, which separate Europe from Asia, represent a geological seam between two fragmentary continents or cratons. Another dividing factor was the Hellespont (the ancient name for the Dardanelles Strait). He neatly separated Europe from Asia. From a European point of view, during the Age of Discovery, Asia began outside the Hellespont, where the Roman province was located, stretching to incredibly exotic and remote places ...

How many parts of the world are there on Earth?

In the sixteenth century, America was full of mesmerizing promises of a New World. This is how the fourth part of the world appeared. After the official confirmation that Australia was an island continent, the topic of the four continents lost much of its relevance long before the sixth continent, Antarctica, was discovered. However, despite this, the iconography of the "Four Corners of the World" has been preserved in its original form.

Parts of the world and continents

A total of six continents, of which the smallest is Australia, and the largest is Eurasia, which geologically is one whole, but for convenience it has been divided into Europe and Asia. A conditional border was drawn between them along the Ural Mountains.

There are six parts of the world, like the continents. The most densely populated and alpine region is Asia. America consists of two continents, which are connected by the Isthmus of Panama. Africa is separated from Asia by the Suez Canal. There are also such continents that do not touch the rest - these are Australia and icy Antarctica.

A single array, spread out on different sides

It is likely, as some scientists believe, that all the continents were once one whole, a single mass, which over time fell to pieces under the influence of the internal forces of the Earth. There is an assumption that certain areas on the planet have risen, while others, on the contrary, have descended. The mystery of the emergence of continents still remains an urgent issue in geography, so far people have only one thing to do - to build various hypotheses. Perhaps the future generation of scientists will be able to shed light on the endless mysteries of the universe.

How do parts of the world differ from continents?

What parts of the world are there and how do they differ from the continents? Let's figure it out. Continents are large segments of land that protrude in the bosom of the oceans. Parts of the world are referred to regions into which the surface of the planet is conventionally divided for historical and cultural reasons. The difference between them is that these concepts are used in completely different areas from each other. The main difference is that "mainland" is a geological and geographical term, while "part of the world" is a concept associated with history, culture, and politics.

The continents are of interest, first of all, as real-life physical objects. Geology and geography are engaged in their detailed study, including the study of powerful processes that occur on Earth. As a rule, the continents are separated from each other by oceans, but there are those that are the closest neighbors (Eurasia).

How many parts of the world are there on Earth? Despite the fact that their borders and the boundaries of the continents do not coincide 100%, there are also six of them in number. Eurasia, for example, is one continent, but is divided into two parts of the world - Europe and Asia. The situation is a little different with America. There, two continents form one part of the world. Only Africa, Australia, Antarctica coincide.

Parts of the world and continents sometimes have similar names. However, there is a big difference between the two. And the essence of the differences is not even that one concept was partially formed historically, but another geologically, but in the definitions themselves.

Part of the world is the mainland or part of it together with the nearest islands. Part of this type of division is due to cultural boundaries and the original racial makeup of the population.

Parts of the world include:

Antarctica;
America (both, without division);
Africa;
Asia;
Australia;
Europe.

The mainland is a large part of the land, which is washed by the ocean. When dividing into continents, only geological factors are taken into account, however, there are different continental models.

Some propose to single out 7 continents:

Africa;
Europe;
Asia;
North America;
South America;
Australia;
Antarctica.

Others divide only into 4 continents - Afro-Eurasia, America, Australia, Antarctica.

But the most common option is 6 continents:

Eurasia;
Africa;
Australia;
Antarctica;
North America;
South America.

Parts of the world and continents, differences.

Unlike the model with 7 continents, this option takes into account the fact that Europe and Asia are on one common land mass, Africa is separated from Eurasia by a thin isthmus (interrupted by the Suez Canal), the Americas are also separated by a thin isthmus with a canal.

Europe

Parts of the world (names) and continents have similarities. So, on the mainland Eurasia, in the west, southwest, is Europe. As part of the world, Europe is bounded from the east by the Ural Mountains, the Embe River (to the Caspian Sea), and from the west by the Atlantic Ocean.

The southern border runs along the seas:

Mediterranean;
Black;
Marble;
Aegean.

In the north, part of the world is bounded by the Arctic Ocean. The area of this part of the world is 10,180,000 sq. km. The climate, in most of the territory, is temperate, but closer to the northern borders it is replaced by continental, subarctic and arctic. Near the southern borders, the climate is Mediterranean and semi-desert. Most of western Europe is characterized by an oceanic climate.

This part of the world includes almost all natural areas. There are also 2 types of tundra, and 2 types of steppes, mountain, Mediterranean and deciduous forests, taiga.

The highest point in Europe is Mont Blanc (4808 m), the lowest is the Caspian Sea, -27 m. The largest lakes are Ladoga, Chudskoe and Onega.

The main geographical feature is a large number of peninsular inhabited territories and islands, including those located far from the mainland (for example, Iceland). The most unique animal that lives only in Europe and is listed in the Red Book of Russia is the desman. There is only 1 subspecies - the Pyrenean desman. There are external differences between them, but the way of life differs slightly.

One of the endemic plants is Pallas Hyacinth. In the wild, the flower is found in the Rostov region of Russia and in the Ukraine. It blooms with blue flowers collected in a brush. Another endemic is Ulex Galla, a low-growing shrub with medium-sized yellow flowers, belonging to the legume family.

Among the geographical objects of particular interest is the Icelandic Glufrafoss waterfall, which flows into the cave. To appreciate all the uniqueness of the object, it is necessary not only to look at the waterfall from afar, but also to get into the cave. It seems like water is falling out of nowhere.

Asia

Parts of the world (names) and continents, similar in sound, did not bypass Asia, it is located on the same continent as Europe, but to the east of the Ural Mountains. There is also a border between Africa and Asia - the Suez Canal. It is interesting that in ancient times the border ran along the famous African Nile River.

Asia is washed by the Arctic, Indian oceans and seas belonging to the inland waters of the Atlantic Ocean - Azov, Marmara, Black, Mediterranean, Aegean. The area of the part of the world is 43,475 thousand square meters. km.

The highest point in Asia is 8848 m, Mount Everest (Chomolungma), the lowest point is the Dead Sea, -407 m.

All climatic zones are found in Asia - arctic (Siberia), equatorial, monsoon, continental, semi-desert and desert, tropical.

The main geographical feature is the highest mountains (Himalayas) and plateaus in the world, the Tibet plateau. Unique bulls, yaks are bred here, and wild individuals are also found. Pets are used as beasts of burden, meat, milk are also used for food.

A unique but widely known plant is ginseng. All varieties, except for spotted ginseng, grow wild exclusively in Asia. The plant has been known as a medicinal plant since antiquity, now it is used as a tonic, an adaptogen.

Of interest is such a natural attraction as the volcanoes of the Kamchatka Peninsula. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site with about 30 active and 300 extinct volcanoes.

It is also noteworthy that they are located in different parts of the peninsula and in different specially protected natural parks, but they are considered one object. It is interesting that it is not possible to calculate the exact number of volcanoes in Kamchatka, and different sources indicate a different number - from 3-4 hundreds (both active and dormant), to more than a thousand.

Africa

Parts of the world (names) and continents that coincide geographically in whole or in part are common, and Africa is one of them. This includes the entire territory of the homonymous mainland east of the Suez Canal and adjacent islands such as Madagascar and St. Helena. Volcano Kilimanjaro is the highest point in Africa - 5895 m, the lowest point is Lake Assal, -157 m.

Africa is washed by the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, as well as the Mediterranean and Red Seas. Territory - 30221532 sq. km. It is interesting that the equator line runs almost through the center of the mainland, however, due to the specifics of the climate, natural zones are not mirrored on both sides. Nevertheless, all climatic zones are present on the mainland, ranging from northern subtropical to southern.

Despite the fact that the Sahara Desert is most often associated with that part of the world, there are vast wetlands in Africa. They are located in the central part of the mainland and on the coast of the Gulf of Guinea, where all African forests are concentrated.

In the Namib desert, a plant has survived that cannot be found anywhere else - the Velvichia is amazing. It can grow up to 1000 years, growing only 2 leaves in its entire life. However, the leaves can be longer than 3 meters and grow very slowly. Interestingly, the plant is so unique that it is depicted on the national emblem of the country of Namibia.

In Africa, the only representative of the okapi genus, Johnston's okapi, lives. It is a short, cloven-hoofed herbivore, similar to a hybrid of a horse and a giraffe, but with stripes on its legs.

Of the geographical objects, the most famous and most visited is Victoria Falls on the Zambezi River. This is the only waterfall that is more than a kilometer wide (1800 m). It is higher than Niagara Falls, and the "fog" formed from the fall of water sometimes rises above 400 m.

North America

Part of the world and the continent with this name is located in the northern part of the Western Hemisphere of the Earth.

North America is washed by oceans:

Arctic.
Atlantic.
Quiet.

In the south, it is washed by the waters of the Gulf of Mexico. The area of the part of the world is 24365000 sq. km. North America in its northern part is similar to similar latitudes in Eurasia. The only difference is that the north of the continent comes closer to the North Pole, at the expense of Greenland and the Canadian archipelago. In North America, only the equatorial climate zone is missing.

The north is occupied by tundra and arctic deserts. Most of the western territory of North America is occupied by mountains, and only on the coast does the situation change and the north and south of the coast are divided by the taiga climatic zone and the Mediterranean. The eastern part is more diverse.

The tundra is replaced by a taiga climate, then a zone of mixed and variable-humid forests in the east, and next to the mountains there is only a zone of steppes or forest-steppes.

Due to the dense population of the mainland, wildlife can be found either in uninhabitable areas or in reserves. So, one of the samples of wildlife is located in Yellowstone National Park. In it, the nature is typical for the middle lane, the animal world is complemented by bison, snow goats, wolverines. There is also information about turtles living in the park.

In the northwest of Yellowstone, 2000 mm of precipitation will fall per year, which is not typical for this natural zone. Interestingly, the park is located inside a huge caldera of a dormant ancient volcano. This partly explains the microclimate and the amount of winter precipitation in the area.

One of the unique plants not found in other parts of the world is the Florida yew. This is a shrub, rarely - a tree, no higher than 10 m. In height, the trunk diameter does not exceed 40 cm. The species belongs to those on the verge of destruction. Unique cacti of the genus Mamillaria grow in Mexico.

A specific endemic animal is the water rabbit. It differs from the ordinary one in small ears and lifestyle. The animal settles near water bodies and is able to swim across medium-sized bodies of water. To hide from predators, the rabbit completely hides under water, leaving only its nose outside to breathe.

South America

A part of the world that only partially coincides with the mainland in the name and symbolically separated from its second half - South America. It is located in the Southern Hemisphere, in the west, only a small part is located in the Northern Hemisphere. South America is washed by the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, the Caribbean Sea.

The Isthmus of Panama between the Americas simultaneously connects the continents and divides parts of the world, especially after the emergence of the Panama Canal. Part of the world covers an area of 17,840,000 sq. km.

There are 5 types of climate in this part of the world - tropical, subtropical, temperate, equatorial and subequatorial. Therefore, despite one of the harshest deserts, the Atacama, South America is the wettest part of the world.

One of the features is the most extensive rainforest in the world, in the Amazon Lowland, around the Amazon River.

It is noteworthy that the entire territory of the jungle has not yet been fully explored. On the other side, the Andes mountains separate an insignificant strip of deserts in the west of the mainland from the rest of the territory, which is humid and relatively warm. It is noteworthy that the very southern part of the world in terms of climate differs little from the climate of central Russia. So, in Argentina exactly the same birches and pines grow.

You can understand that this is exactly South America only by the parrots sitting on unremarkable trees. Of interest is the unique waterfall - Angel, with a height of 979 m. It is believed that this is the highest waterfall in the world. Another name for the object is Kerepakupai-meru.

Roraimskaya Rosyanka is a unique representative of local vegetation. This insectivorous plant grows in the Guiana Highlands, in swampy, humid places. The sundew blooms with small white flowers. The plant is raspberry-red in color, the leaves are collected in a rosette, covered with hairs that secrete a special sticky liquid necessary to catch insects and digest them.

A representative of the animal world not found in other parts of the world is the Mountain tapir. They are found only in some parts of the Andes in Ecuador, northern Peru, Colombia. The species is considered endangered.

Australia

Parts of the world (names) and continents that coincide almost completely include Australia. It is located in the southern hemisphere of the planet, among the Pacific and Indian oceans.

It is also washed by the seas:

Timor;
Coral;
Tasmanovo.

Australia includes New Guinea, Tasmania, Solomon Islands, New Zealand. Area - 8,510,000 sq. km.

Australia is the most desolate part of the world. The mainland, after which a part of the world is named, almost entirely consists of various deserts, only on the coast the situation is changing. Only at the expense of the islands and the coast of the mainland in Australia there is a temperate, subtropical, humid and equatorial climate. Also an interesting feature is the fact that most of Australia's rivers are drying up.

Australia and Oceania are rich in endemic species of animals and birds. One of the birds is little known, unlike the kiwi, ostrich or animals such as kangaroos or Tasmanian devil - the kakapo parrot. The bird is on the brink of destruction and is considered the oldest living bird species. The peculiarity of kakapo is that they do not fly and lead an evening and nocturnal lifestyle.

The only way to fly is to climb a tree with your claws and glide.

Wild eucalyptus is a tree not found anywhere except in Australia and Oceania. Cultivation is possible in any favorable conditions and is widespread for the extraction of essential oils and for decorative purposes. The only exception is rainbow eucalyptus growing in the Northern Hemisphere.

The most famous and interesting geographical feature is Mount Ayres Rock or Uluru. It is about 6 million years old; there are many drawings of ancient aborigines on the surface. Moreover, the indigenous population considered Uluru a sacred place.

Antarctica

The mainland and part of the world Antarctica are located in the very south of the planet, the center of the mainland roughly coincides with the South Pole. Area - 14 107 000 sq. km.

Washing oceans	Atlantic, Quiet, Indian.
Characteristic plants	Clobanthus kito, Antarctic meadow, various mushrooms, lichens, mosses, algae.
Unique animals	The emperor penguin, the heaviest and largest penguin species in existence today.
Specific geographic feature	Erebus volcano. Feature - an eruption without lava, ash. Erebus casts out exclusively crystalline forms. There is a unique lava lake in the crater.
Geographic features	Part of the light is covered with ice as much as possible.

Part of the world is mostly a glacier, sometimes breaking off at the edges and forming icebergs. The glacier is pierced by mountain peaks - the maximum height is 4892 m. The direction of the winds from the center of Antarctica to the ocean. Most of the plants appear on the Antarctic Peninsula in summer.

Antarctica is characterized by a polar day and a polar night, when you can see the aurora borealis. But this phenomenon is more impressive at the opposite end of the world.

The names of the parts of the world and continents are known to everyone. However, they do not say anything about the peculiarities of the continents. Most often, the names were formed historically or were given in honor of the discoverers. However, it is important to distinguish between continents and parts of the world.

Article formatting: Lozinsky Oleg

Video about parts of the world

Continents and parts of the world. The world:

Grade 3 students get acquainted with the maps, meet the terms "mainland", "part of the world." What are parts of the world and continents? How can you tell them apart? How many are there? The article has answers to these questions.

What is the mainland?

The mainland is a concept associated with the structure of our planet. The hard shell of the Earth is uneven; there are protrusions and depressions on its surface. The depressions are filled with water, these are the oceans. The protrusions rise above the surface of the oceans in the form of large land areas, these are continents or continents.

So, the mainland is a large area of land surrounded by oceans on all sides.

How many continents are on the map?

Let's study the world map and list the continents:

Eurasia,
Africa,
North America,
South America,
Australia,
Antarctica.

North and South America, Africa and Eurasia are located in pairs, as they are connected to each other by narrow isthmuses (Panama and Suez); canals have been laid across the isthmus for the convenience of navigation.

Rice. 1. Continents, map.

Continents on the hemisphere map

The map of the hemispheres shows that there are only 2 American continents in the west, and all the rest in the east, except for Antarctica, which is located in the South Pole.

If you look at the globe from Antarctica, you can see the "oceanic" hemisphere, where only Australia and Antarctica are located, almost all the rest of the space is occupied by the World Ocean.

What is a part of the world?

Representations of parts of the world, their names appeared gradually, as they were discovered. First, Africa was discovered (late 15th century), then the islands of the Caribbean Sea, followed by the adjacent territories of North and South America (late 15th-early 16th centuries).

Then they did not yet know that these were 2 continents and they called them by the same name America. Then came Australia's turn (early 17th century). The most recent was Antarctica (early 19th century). Also, gradually new lands were depicted on the maps.

Rice. 2. Medieval world map.

When talking about the discoveries of new territories, it should be remembered that the discoveries were made by European navigators, for them these were unknown areas, but they were all inhabited, various peoples lived everywhere, states existed.

Eurasia was "discovered" in the same way - Europeans the Asian part, the inhabitants of Asia the European part. Therefore, the mainland consists of 2 parts of the world - Europe and Asia. In Russia, a border has been adopted between them in the Urals, the Caspian, the Caucasus, the Black and Mediterranean seas.

In geography, there are 2 definitions of the part of the world:

these are large land masses, which include continents or parts of them together with adjacent islands;
This is a cultural and historical concept that means parts of the land where (according to the discoverers) similar peoples live, flora and fauna with common features are observed.

How many parts of the world are there on the map?

Let's find the parts of the world on the map and list them: Europe, Asia, America, Africa, Australia, Antarctica.

Rice. 3. Map of the world, parts of the world.

Part of the world America consists of 2 continents, 2 parts of the world are located in Eurasia.

For the first time, the extent of Siberia was "measured" during the First Kamchatka Expedition (20s of the 18th century) by Alexei Chirikov using astronomical observations.

What have we learned?

We learned that continents and parts of the world are different concepts, we found out what is their difference. We found out how many parts of the world are on Earth, their location on the planet. We saw the old and modern maps of the world and understood how the ideas about the Earth of scientists at different times have changed. We learned that the number of continents and parts of the world is the same, but they differ from each other.

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