Water heating system. Hot water supply in the house (DHW). What is the difference between a direct heating boiler

The electric water heater of the accumulative type, or, in a simple, boiler, has long and firmly entered our life, providing additional comfort and allowing not to depend on the utility systems of hot water supply. This simple device in automatic mode supports the necessary water temperature, while having its definite reserve. The instruments manufactured by industry have a variety of shape, sizes and external design. Despite the seeming differences, at its base, all water heaters have a similar design and a single principle of operation. However, making the choice between a model of the boiler, it should not only understand how it is arranged, but also to understand the features of the execution of some of its components.

In fact, any water heater of this type is a large thermos having an inside tubular electric heater (TEN), so the design of all boilers has such items:

external case with details allowing you to secure the device on the wall or floor;
inner tank;
heat-insulating layer between the inner capacity and the case;
tubular electric heater;
thermostat with the possibility of adjusting the heating temperature;
safety valve;
protective magnesium anode;
control and indication scheme.

When choosing a boiler, it is impossible not to notice a big difference in price even between different models of one manufacturer. It is primarily due to the technology and material of the manufacture of the indoor tank, as well as the presence of an electronic control unit and indication.

These parameters set the convenience of using the device as well as the duration of its service.

Housing

Water heater housings have both strictly cylindrical and oval and even rectangular shape, a variety of coloring and design design. Often on the outside of the casing, the thermometer is mounted for monitoring the operation of the device, as well as regulators or control elements. The material of the manufacture of housings is steel sheet or plastic.

To install the boiler, in the design of the housing there are fasteners, depending on the type of placement (wall or outdoor installation scheme). The space between the water heater housing and the inner tank is filled with thermal insulation material - most often in its role is dense polyurethane.

Inner Buck

The design of the inner container of the boiler must comply with the criterion of increased corrosion resistance and at the same time to withstand constant temperature differences, so the manufacturers pay a lot of attention to this element, developing new tank coatings and applying methods for its protection.

Steel coated pots from glass email or glass foam

Such a coating is obtained by spraying the protective layer, followed by its firing at high temperature (up to 850 ° C). The glass is not capable of oxidation, so absolutely not corrodes. In addition, her smooth surface opposes the formation of scale.

Paradoxically, but the main disadvantage of such a coating stems from its dignity - the high hardness of the layer is low and over time, the constant water temperature drops lead to the formation of microcracks in its layer, which in the end contribute to the destruction of the tank.

Manufacturers are constantly looking for new compositions for covers of this type. For example, the addition of titanium powder equalized the temperature coefficients of the expansion of glass fluorofore and steel, slightly improving the resistance of the layer to cracking. A little to reduce the harmful effect of temperature effects, by setting the water temperature in the boiler not higher than 70 ° C, although still at least once a month will have to warm up the device as possible to comply with sanitary rules. An increased weight of the boiler can be considered another disadvantage of the glass fluorforum coating of the tank. Companies producing water heaters with tanks of this type provide a guarantee for their products not more than 3 years.

Steel tanks with titanium spraying

Spraying titanium powder on the inside of the tank is achieved excellent corrosion resistance. In this case, this type of coating has high strength and mechanical resistance, having weak points only on welding joints. A guarantee for a device with such a tank is up to 10 years, which is a huge advantage, even if it takes into account its fairly high cost.

Stainless inner tanks

Such capacities are deprived of the disadvantages of the two previous elements. Stainless steel, like titanium, is able to withstand the influence of impurities in water, as well as corrosion. It is believed that stainless steel gives water a peculiar smell and taste appearing during its heating, but these are only speculation, absolutely not confirmed by scientific research. It is known that "stainless steel" does not enter the chemical reaction with water. Manufacturers also give up to 10 years warranty, but they are the most expensive. Stainless steel tanks, as well as with titanium spraying, are more susceptible to the formation of scale, rather than glass refractory, but it does not diminish their advantages. In the inner tank, the cutting tubes of cold water and removal of hot, as well as an electronic heating unit and protection.

Heating and protection unit

Elements that are responsible for heating water to a certain temperature, as well as protective from the destruction of the inner tank metal, are installed on a metal flange, connected by a seal to the inner tank of the device.

Water heating uses in various power. Depending on the heating principle, distinguish:

"Wet" tans, which are directly in contact with water, so inevitably covered with a scale, which must be removed periodically, otherwise due to overheating, the TEN fails;
heaters "dry" type. It is devoid of this disadvantage, since installed in a metal tube, which also makes contact with the liquid. Such a scheme allows you to get rid of the scale not only on the heater, but also on the tube coated with a layer of glass fluorofore.

Some boilers are equipped with several heaters. This design allows stepped heating adjustment, and also reduces the number of inclusion cycles for each of them (voltage jumps during the inclusion of instruments affect their durability).

Together with the Tanes on the flange there is a thermostat and a magnesium rod (anode). The thermostat is responsible for the inclusion of the heating element while reducing the water temperature below the consumer installed. The thermoregulators are used both mechanical type and electronic devices working together with the electronic control unit. Often, the thermostat device includes a protective shutdown scheme in the absence of water in the tank. The magnesium electrode is designed to reduce the exchange of metal components inside the boiler, giving up its particles. Such a scheme reduces the effect of flushing electrons from structural elements and they are corroded to a significantly lower. The magnesium rod itself is quite quickly destroyed and requires periodic replacement (when thinning to 10 mm or a decrease in length to 200mm). The control and indication scheme provides additional amenities when using a water heater, having functions of precise water temperature adjustment, inclusion of heating in time, maintaining varying degrees of heating depending on the time of day.

Principle of operation of accumulative water heaters

The scheme of operation of the boilers is built on the principle of separation of water layers with different temperatures. As you know, warm layers of fluid are at the top. Their selection from the water heater is carried out through the hot water removal tube, the length of which allows the upper, the most warm layer. Cold water, on the contrary, enters the lower part of the tank, where water heaters are installed. In addition, a divider is installed on a short supply tube that does not allow fluid to flow and thereby contribute to the mixing of warm and cold water.

The peculiarity of the warm liquid rise up will not allow the use of a boiler of the vertical design, placing it parallel to the ground. It is worth paying close attention to it, choosing the type of device under your needs.

Heating of cold water is carried out by a TEN (one or more). It monitors the thermostat. When the predetermined temperature is reached, it opens the heater power supply circuit.

Good thermal insulation allows you to maintain the desired water temperature, spending the minimum of energy on its constant heating.

In the case of using multiple heaters, one TEN is used to maintain temperature at a specified level. The remaining is included at a strong flow rate, repeatedly increasing the power of heating. Such a scheme increases the efficiency and reliability of the device.

The warm water selected from above is constantly replaced by a newly heated liquid, which is supplied from the highway. So the process of continuous heating is arranged. With a large consumption, the water temperature at the outlet of the boiler falls over time, so it is necessary to choose the volume of the drive, based on the size of the hot water treatment.

A thermostat malfunction is possible, while water can boil, as a result of which the pressure in the inner tank increases to a dangerous level. To prevent an accident, a safety valve is installed on the cold water supply tube - when the limit pressure is reached, it opens, thereby throwing out part of the fluid into the feeding line. The same valve is used to drain water from the device during preventive work.

A detailed video on the boiler device is presented below:

It is not necessary to neglect the conduct of periodic preventive measures consisting in cleaning the boiler from scale and rust. They will allow the device to work reliably and efficiently, and also will be removed from unplanned spending.

It is now difficult to present modern housing without the presence of hot water in it, which should be around the clock. And if earlier it was supplied almost into every apartment centrally, now every owner must take care of it. More recently in those houses where there were no centralized hot water supply. People raged water for swimming, washing. With the help, electric jigsaws or even a saucepan, it was, but now the situation is radically changed. A modern and highly efficient boiler for heating water came to replace the cumbersome and, not always safe, equipment.

This type of water heater consists of a housing, inside of which the container is surrounded by a layer of thermal insulation. In the inner tank there is a heat exchanger, as a rule, in the form of a serpentine. The pipes of the heating element are displayed to the heat source. The coolant, from circulating along the contour, heats water.

There are for heating the water boilers of indirect heating, in which there is no serpentine. This design is called "tank in the tank" and the liquid is heated by the coolant, moved between the walls of the outer and internal containers.

The advantages of indirect heating water heaters include:

reduction of energy consumption;
fast heating;
ease of installation;
great performance.

The disadvantage can be called the dependence of the boiler from the plug-in heat sources. For example, if it is used as such a source, then the water heater will not work in summer.

More clearly about boilers of indirect heating told in the video

Direct heating boiler

In water heaters of this type, the energy carrier is spent on the heating of water only inside the tank. There are gas boilers direct heating and electrical, which carry out water heated using the Tan.

Such water heaters are a metal housing, which placed a container with water, surrounded by a thermal insulation layer. In addition to the gas burner or the Tan, direct heating boilers are equipped with a magnesium anode, a thermostat, nozzles and a security group.

Classification of water heaters by the type of cumulative system

Also, water heaters are divided into flow and accumulative. And each of these species have their advantages and disadvantages.

Flowing boilers for water heating

Flowing water heaters are instruments capable of quickly heating the liquid without limitation. Previously, this function was performed, and in modern more compact devices, water passing through a TEN, made in the form of a flask, heats up to a comfortable temperature of 60˚C. Such a quick result is achieved due to the high power of the heating element. However, the device performs its functions, only on one water point.

Another disadvantage is that this type of heating equipment requires large energy consumption. To reduce costs, it will have to use hot water economically. One who is not ready to limit himself in the consumption of hot water should look at the boiler storage type. Also deciding to buy a flow boiler must be taken into account the number of people living in the apartment and their need for heated fluid used for hygienic purposes.

viksenia, Russia, Tsarskoye Village - Pushkin:Flowing water heater NEVALUX 5611 - forgot what to light with matches!
Advantages: Small, compact, silent, perfectly warming
Disadvantages: Calculated for 1 point of water treatment, will not turn on if the small water pressure, the lower wires
When we drove into our house, we already stood the column and the old, Soviet times, that is, the former owners did not change it. From 1976, we drove in 2006, that is, the gas water heater was 30 years. Ancient however. But we did not start anything at the beginning, since the column was in working condition.
For the first year, everything worked fine with us, even accustomed to the wick to heal with matches (in the middle). It was very uncomfortable and unusual for the first time, as in another house when we lived in St. Petersburg, we just had hot water and without any gas. But accustomed to the gas water heater.
With such a column, too, there are advantages when the water is turned off as a rule in the summer and it happens that for a week or two in houses is not on gas, it is very uncomfortable, and we have hot water at any time)))).
More details For Ozzovik: http://otzovik.com/review_2725066.html

Cumulative boilers for water heating

The most convenient in operation is the accumulator water heater, with the volume of the inner tank - 10-500 liters. For apartments, as a rule, choose equipment with a reservoir capacity up to 150 liters (depending on the number of people living and their needs). Cumulative boilers are a tank with thermal insulation and placed inwards by thesters, which heat the water up to 35-85˚C. When the temperature decreases, the automation is triggered, and the heating elements are repeatedly turned on. The maintenance of the required temperature responds the built-in.

Thanks to the accumulative system, it is possible to provide hot water at once all watershed points in a private house or apartment. Cumulative water heaters for the villas of a small volume are very popular, which, in principle, have enough shower and washing dishes. For heating 10 liters of water to 45 ° C, it will be necessary about 15 minutes, but a 100 liter boiler will be basked for about 4 hours.

Cumulative type water heaters can be mounted vertically or horizontally, which allows you to enter them into any space. Large-volume boilers are mainly located horizontally and on the floor, and the connection K is performed using flexible hoses.

The separation of boilers by the type of energy carrier

As we have already found out, boilers differ in many parameters and another difference is the type of energy carrier, with which water is heated.

Electric boilers for water heating

Electric water heaters are greater popularity and presented by manufacturers in a fairly wide assortment. The energy carrier performs an electric current, and the heating element is a TEN, which, depending on the placement, can be "dry" or "wet" type. In an electric boiler for water, a special sensor is installed next to the heating element, which controls the operation of the entire device through the electronic or electromechanical thermostat.

Between the metal or plastic body of the water heater and the inner tank is the thermal insulation layer, which allows you to maintain the desired fluid temperature for a long time. Through the incoming nozzle located at the bottom of the tank, cold water flows, and already the heated liquid through the upper pipe is supplied to the consumer after the opening of the corresponding one.

Most electric tanks for water heating are equipped with a magnesium anode, which, due to its lower electrobotential, attracts free ions of the salts in the liquid from the water supply. As a result, scale settles on the anode, and not the walls of the reservoir and thene. Over time, the anode is destroyed and its replacement will be required for the normal operation of electrical water.

At the site of the attachment of the boiler to cold water supply, a security group with a safety valve is established, which protects the water heater from the devastating effects of overpressure.

Gas boilers for heating water in a private house and apartment

Gas water heaters are not as popular as their electrical analogues due to the complexities of installation (project agreement, ventilation, chimney, registration). Gas boilers for water consist of a thick-walled body, internal tank, thermal insulation and combustion chambers. Gas burners, located in the lower wall of the tank, heat the aqueous tank, and, accordingly, the liquid in it. Additionally, the water is transferred from the central channel, according to which combustion products are displayed.

The accumulative gas boiler is controlled by a temperature sensor and thermostat. These control elements determine the temperature of the water and, if necessary, disconnect or include the gas burner. Also, the boiler is equipped with a special safety valve for emergency reset over. Like electrical water heaters, gas devices for water heating can be equipped with a magnesium anode, which in time needs to be replaced.

How to choose a boiler for home and apartments

Before you buy a water heater, you should consider all the criteria that have already been mentioned. Now it is worth summing up and before choosing a boiler for the house, briefly list, for which characteristics choose a device for heating water.

So, first of all, we are determined with the volume of the tank. Manufacturers offer boilers from 5 to 500 liters. However, when a person lives in an apartment one, then why a water heater is needed, if it is enough for the needs of 50 liters of water. The family of 3 people will suit a boiler with a tank capacity of up to 120 liters, and for a home or apartment with 4 and more tenants need an aggregate, designed for 150-200 liters.

It is also important to know the necessary power of the heating element, from which the rate of heating of a certain volume of fluid is directly dependent on a given temperature. The optimal power of the Tan is 2 kW.

The type of accumulative system is played, depending on the needs of the family in hot water - accumulative, flow or bulk. Of great importance is, when solving, what company it is better to choose an electric equipment, the price. The fact is that if the family needs a low volume water heater and also to install in the country, then there is no need to acquire an expensive device when you can do the cheaper analogue.

Manufacturers of boilers and their model range

To make it easier to buy an electric boiler for water heating should be familiar with the most popular manufacturers of water and their model rules.

Producer / Description	The lineup
ARISTON. The perfect combination of price and quality. Prices for heating brand devices start from $ 100, which makes Ariston boilers available to any consumer.	SG Series represented by budget models with a volume of 10 to 80 liters	ABS Pro Eco Series - Boilers with tanks with high protection from bacteria	ABS Pro Eco Slim Series Represents compact models intended for small rooms	ABS SLV. - Water heaters of this series have a special coating Silver Protection and the original design
Electrolux Brand's water heating equipment meets all modern requirements, is functionally and distinguished by a relatively low level of energy consumption.	EWH SL.	EWH QUANTUM SLIM.	EWH Magnum Slim.	EWH 15S.
AEG The company manufactures water heating equipment and guarantees high quality of all components and assembly. Also much attention is paid to the safety and environmental friendliness of its products.	Aegewh Universal El.	Aegewh 10 mini.	AEGDEM BASIS	AEG EWH COMFORT EL
Termex. The company offers its customers high-quality water heaters at an affordable price. The features of the thermack boilers can be attributed to the ability to adjust the capacity from 1.3 to 3 kW.	Flat Touch.	Flatp Lus.	Round Plus.	Elite
Gorenje. Slovenian company offers boilers with plastic or steel tanks, and an enameled coating of the inner surface.	GT. - These are models with a volume of 10-15 liters	TG. - the main series of boilers	GB. - devices having a "dry" TEN	OGB.- Models with high warranty

Lyubagrom, Ukraine: Water heater Accumulative Gorenje GBFU 80 Simv9 is a good boiler, but hard to navigate in the amount of hot water.
Advantages: Two dry tan, magnesium anode, well retains the temperature of hot water, reliable.
Disadvantages: There is no temperature indicator of heated water, there is no possibility to disable one of the Tan.
In apartments and houses, where there is no stable supply of hot water, the water heater of any design will help solve the problem of water heating. By purchasing a water heater accumulative Gorenje GBFU 80 Simv9, I paid attention to the reliability and necessary litter for our family. My choice fell on a storage water heater with a volume of 80 liters.
More details For Ozzovik: http://otzovik.com/review_767802.html

Average prices of boilers for water heating

The cost of water heaters directly depends on the manufacturer, the volume of the internal tank, the technologies used, power and many other. Consider the most popular equipment for equipment of various capacity and their price.

Models	Volumes of internal tank, l.
Models	15	30	50	80	100
Electrolux	EWH 15S.	EWH 30.	AXIOMATIC SLIM.	EWH Digital.	EWH Magnum Slim.

	5 375 rub.	from 5 000 rub.	from 8,000 rubles.	from 11 000 rubles.	from 8,000 rubles.
Gorenje.	GT 15 UV6.	TGR30NGB6.	TGR 50 NGB6.	TGU 80 NGB6	TG 100 NGB6.

	6 990 rubles.	6 130 rubles.	7 700 rub.	8 180 rub.	9 100 rubles.
Termex.	Hit 15 U.	Flat Plus IF 30 V	Ultra Slim IU 50 V	Flat Plus IF 80 V	Flat Plus IF 100 V

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Every summer, urban residents face the same problem: the lack of hot water due to the planned repair of the city water pipeline. Sometimes this process is delayed for a couple of months, and you are moving with basins and saucepans from the kitchen in the bathroom and back, the procnis city services and complaints about life. But it is very easy to get rid of this inconvenience: it's enough to buy a boiler for water heating. In our material will be discussed how to choose a water heater, how to install and what should be remembered during operation.

WATER HEATER - Warranty of hot water supply in the house

With a purely technical point of view, the boiler is a device for heating water and preserving it in the heated state to use. It consists of a volumetric container with high-quality thermal insulation and heating element. Adjusting the temperature mode of the device is ensured. You can buy a boiler for heating water in any home appliances store. The range of devices with such an appointment is quite large, and our task is to figure out all this variety and make the optimal choice.

Where are hot water boilers

The water heating boiler can completely replace the centralized hot water supply. It is used in private houses and apartments, in catering institutions, kindergartens and schools.

It should be noted that in terms of quality water from water and from the centralized main channel is still different, as if some did not claim the opposite. Judge for yourself: For centralized water supply, water is heated in boiler rooms and heads along a separate pipeline. constantly exposed to high temperature. They are destroyed by adding substances unusual to it into water.

But if you have a boiler in the apartment - then water will be much better quality. You send pure cold water from under the tap and at the output instantly get the result, without precipitation, rust and other "gifts".

It all concerns sanitary water. But there are both boilers for drinking water, they are used for other purposes. In the canteens, cafes, bars and restaurants are installed special boilers for tea. They can have a different design. Some are arranged along the simple principle of the boiler. Usually these are large containers for 10-90 liters. They can be filled or have a continuous supply of water for cooking. There is a second variant - heater heaters.

Such a device allows you to fill the lack of hot water during its interruptions in the main line. The device from the heat insulated housing and the tank with the heat exchanger of the spiral form. The design long supports fluid temperature. The coolant circulates along the coil and warms the liquid. The coolant movement is provided by the pump, which is turned off the thermostat when the required temperature is reached. Before making a choice in favor of such a device, learn the possibilities of your heating system and determine whether it can cope with the heating of water in the necessary quantities and at the same time normally perform its main task.

Plus the water type of an indirect type is that the temperature can be maintained in a large volume of fluid without spending unnecessary tools for electricity. From such a boiler, you can simultaneously serve water into the kitchen for washing dishes and in the bathroom for washing. But it should be noted that the cost of the tank and the price of its installation "bite". So before saving on the source of energy, you will have to lay out a round sum of the system. Water in indirect boilers is heated slowly.

What is the difference between a direct heating boiler

Gas boilers direct heating are distinguished by the fact that they have a reservoir in which the water coming from the water pipe is heated with a burner or a tan, if it is an electrical device. After the selection of hot water, the container is filled again, and the process occurs continuously.

Direct heating boilers can be outdoor or wall. Usually they are compact and can be placed not only in the boiler room, but also in the kitchen or bathroom. The water heating rate in such devices depends on the source of the energy they use. If the device uses gas fuel or has a solid fuel principle of operation, it must be equipped with. The main advantage of such devices in the rapid heat heating, and the main disadvantage of energy costs.

Type of drive

By type of drive, the water brakes are divided into flow and accumulative (capacitive). Consider their characteristics.

Operation of flow boilers for water heating

Devices with running system can be used in a private house and in the apartment. In such a device, water heats up almost instantly thanks to the super powerful tenam. The more intensive water is consumed, the more heating elements are connected. Such a mechanism allows economically to spend electricity. From overheating, the device is protected by a special system that does not allow water to boil and burn hands.

All the necessary information about the operation of the device is placed on the electronic display. It shows the temperature of the water, the number of connected shades and fluid flow rate per minute. If the temperature in the crane exceeds the allowable values, the device will give a signal.

The main advantages of flow heaters are the lack of restriction in the volume of hot water and the compact dimensions of the device. He may look just like a nozzle for a crane. The main argument of opponents of such systems is that a separate wiring with a powerful cable is required to connect the instrument. But if we are talking about a device with a small power, up to two kilowatts, you can use the usual outlet.

Capacitive (accumulative) water heating boilers

The water heater of the accumulative type has a very simple design. Water enters the tank, heats up in it and stored in heated form. The thermostat in the installation is monitored by the constant temperature in the tank, the heat is maintained due to high-quality thermal insulation.

When buying accumulative water heaters, cottage should pay attention to safety devices. The kit should include a water sensor, safety valve and a traction indicator.

Important! The socket for connecting the water heating device must necessarily be equipped with grounding.

From capacitive water, several cranes can simultaneously work. But in order to ensure a full heating of water for swimming, you have to install a capacity of at least 80 liters, and it will be necessary to find a place in the house. To continuously maintain the temperature of the tank content, the device constantly includes heaters, it affects the amount of electricity bills. Among other things, capacitive devices require periodic maintenance: cleaning from scale and replacing the anodes.

Power type

Get thermal energy for the boiler can be from different sources. The most primitive devices can be treated with firewood or diesel fuel, in most homes, gas or electric water heaters are installed, devices that use solar energy are gaining increasing popularity.

The benefits of gas and is already said much, but the heaters on solar energy are the future. Free heat quickly pays off all costs. In the network you can find a lot of recommendations on how to make such a device with your own hands from girlfriend. Here is an example of such a video:

Advantages of electric boilers for water heating

If you analyze the sales of boilers with different sources of thermal energy, the electrical appliances will confidently take first place. In electric boilers for water mass of positive qualities. They are easily installed, economically spend energy and have a high efficiency. It is not always possible to connect to the network gas, but there is an electricity in each house - and this is another undoubted advantage of these devices.

Electric water boards for apartments are controlled by remote control. It is very convenient in conditions of constant hurry of citizens.Modern electric tanks for water heating are equipped with an electronic display on a liquid crystal basis. You can easily control the temperature of heating and monitor the operation of the device. Electrical boiler for water heating can also have hydraulic control. This is a more primitive embodiment based on tank filling control using a crane.

With all the undoubted advantages of this type of heating, there are electrobatic and disadvantages. And the most basic of them is the price of electricity. No matter how saving, the operation of such a tank will cost you more than a boiler on gas.

The benefit of using gas boilers for water heating

The main advantage of gas boilers for water is saving your funds. So far, gas in our country is more favorable fuel than electricity. So the heating systems, and the appliances for cooking and heat heating on gas - all this will cost you cheaper than electric.

To install gas water, you do not need to "conjure" with electrical wiring. Maximum that may be required - connect the pump if the tank is equipped with them, but there are not many such models. And even if there is no possibility of connecting to the main gas, you can get out of the situation by connecting a cumulative gas boiler to cylinders with liquefied blue fuel.

The main disadvantage in this system - it cannot be installed and connect the personally. For installation, the help of certified specialists will be required, otherwise the gas economy will not give good to operate the device.

Operation of gas devices requires increased security measures. Waterings are installed indoors with reliable and chimney.

How to choose a boiler and not mistaken

What criteria should be chosen by water? There are several important parameters for which you want to pay attention to:

power of heating elements;
tank dimensions;
reservoir material and its coating;
staffing of security systems;
warranty period;
price.

It is clear that the greater the tank, the better. It makes no sense to buy a small container for a large family and, on the contrary, put a huge tank, if you are only two. There are approximate standards, how to choose a boiler for home by the number of residents:

1 person - 10 liter tank;
a family of 2 people - 30-50 liters;
family of 4 people - 100 liters.

Tip! Before you buy a large tank, think if the wall can be installed on which you are planning to fix it, withstand the load.

The larger the stated power, the faster the water is heated and the energy is more consuming. Consider this. There are huge tanks with low power, they will warm up for hours, you will get tired of waiting for the bath until the water gets warm.

We have already spoken about the materials of the tank, but it is worth recalling that stainless steel is an expensive material that is distinguished by a long service life. Exercise the cost of such a boiler for 15 and compare with a car cost of a porcelain coating, divided by three years warranty.

And two more important aspects in the matter, what better to choose electrical boilers - prices and firms. The advice here is only one - trust manufacturers who have experience and reputation among buyers. Do not seek to buy the cheapest device, as they say, the miser pays twice.

Manufacturers who can be trusted

Before you buy an electric boiler for water heating, learn the range of manufacturers who have the most positive feedback from buyers.

It is possible to conditionally highlight five favorites in the race for the consumer:

Brand	Description
Bosch.	Products of this company are traditionally considered reliable and convenient to operate. The devices of this company are collected in several countries, experts advise to choose Water heaters of the Bulgarian assembly.
ARISTON.	Household appliances of this manufacturer are one of the best-selling in our country. The cost of the instruments is in the average price category, but the water heaters of ariston are famous for a long service life.
Gorenje.	Boilers of this manufacturer are the perfect price and quality ratio. Dry heating elements are used in them, they are not covered with scale and serve for a long time. Users note excellent insulation of tanks. The temperature in them can be kept up to two days.
Thermex.	Thermex heaters are characterized by an attractive design and exceptional reliability. The manufacturer gives a confident warranty period of 10 years, but in practice, instruments can last two times longer. Yes, in the water companies of this company are covered with a silver alloy, which makes them almost eternal.
Electrolux	A wide range of water exchanges of this company will allow you to choose a device suitable for the specific conditions of your home. There is a flow and capacitive models that differ in compactness, attractive appearance and reliability.

Water heating boilers: price and best models

Volume of the tank	Bosch.	ARISTON.	Gorenje.	Thermex.	Electrolux

	Model / price, rub.
Boilers for water heating 30 liters, price	Tronic 1000T ES30-5 /	ABS BLU R 30V SLIM /	FTG 30 SM B6 /	HIT H30-O / 4910 rub.	EWH 30 ROYAL / 6800 rub.
Boilers for water heating 50 liters, price	Tronic 1000T ES50-5 /	ABS Pro ECO PW 50V /	OTG 50 SLSIMB6 /	Round Plus IS 50V /	EWH 50 ROYAL SILVER /
Boilers for heating water 80 liters, price	TRONIC 2000T ES80-5 /	ABS PRO R INOX 80V /	OTG 80 SL B6 /	Flat Plus IF 80V /	EWH 80 AXIOMATIC /
Boilers for water heating 100 liters, price	TRONIC 2000T ES100-5 /	ABS PRO R INOX 100V /	TGU 100 NG B6 /	Round Plus IR 100V /	EWH 100 ROYAL /

Installation of water heater

After you have done a hard choice, it remains only to install the water. Do not rush, you should carefully prepare. First of all, decide on the installation site. Note that the tip will have to be brushed from time to time from scale, so it should be an approach. The wall on which you plan to hang a boiler must be strong enough, because it will have to cope not only with a tank, but also with the weight of its contents. Connecting a cumulative water heater requires analysis and preparation

There are two main ways to prepare hot water. The first, the water heats up during the heater movement and is supplied to the waterscence. Such a heater is called flowing.

The second method - heats up a large volume of water in the heat insulated capacity, then gradually spent. Such a heater is called cumulative. The source of energy is usually gas, electricity or heated heat carrier from the heating system.

Flowing - big peak power

The flowing heater must be relatively powerful to provide the desired hot water consumption in the crane. For the waters of the soul, the capacity of at least 10 kW is required, for filling the bathroom - from 15 kW, for two hot water cranes - from 20 kW.

Heat the water with an electric flow heater is not cheap. In addition, a three-phase connection is needed (over 6 kW) and a special permission for greater power.

Optimally to provide several cranes, install a compact electrical flow heater for each of them. At the same time, protection is placed on their simultaneous work so as not to overload the network.

Cheaper option - heating water with gas. A gas column is used, or the second outline of the heating boiler. The power of such devices can be enough for two cranes, and hot water is cheaper.

Disadvantages of flow

With a running scheme, the heater should be located closer to the crane as possible to drain less water until hot. The recommended distance is no more than 5 meters. But in any case there will be an overrunning of water and energy. A similar lack of characteristic and for the accumulative heater.

Another lack of a DHW flowing scheme (hot water supply) is the inability to pick up a few hot water. Each device has its own minimum power. Therefore, with a small flow rate, it simply does not turn on.
As a result, there is also an overrunning of water and energy.

Pressure jumps in the system are discomfort, as they change the water temperature at the outlet.

In the outdoor points to sell an incomplete flowing electric heater, simply indicate that it gives so many liters of water at such a temperature, for example, +50 degrees, which at first glance is acceptable. But it is not indicated, from which temperature water is heated. The key characteristic of such an apparatus is the heating difference. After all, cold water is usually +6 - +10 degrees, not +15 or +20.

Cumulative water heating system

The main advantage of an electric cumulative tank with a capacity of 1.5- 2.0 kW is that it can be installed everywhere, in any house and apartment, where there is a power supply 220V. Its volume is usually 25 - 150 liters (chassis volume 50 - 100 liters) . Water in it is heated gradually to a given temperature, and when the fence is possible, a large flow rate is possible, the decrease in temperature occurs gradually.

Cheaper heated water with a gas cumulative heater with a low-power burner (up to 3 kW). The fact is that this heater does not need a special chimney. But it can only be installed in agreement with the Gores, probably on a separate project. Provided by air from the room (with the exhaust system).

Disadvantages of accumulation

Limited water volume, which can create difficulties. For example, if one portion in the volume of the tank is consumed for bathing, then for the preparation of the following volume you need a lot of time.
The heater must be installed next to the water treatment, if the bathroom and kitchen are separated, then each crane must be installed on a separate accumulative Baku.
There is an overrun of energy from the cooling of unspecified hot water in the heater.
Water overrun when the water is designed from the crane, which has cooled in the pipeline.

An indirect heating boiler - a stable DHW system

The advantage of an indirect heating boiler is that the energy of the heating system is used to heat, and it is usually not expensive. Therefore, hot water can be a lot, its temperature is stable, water is cheaper.

An indirect heating boiler is a cumulative capacity per 100 - 300 liters. Heating is carried out by a spiral pipeline, which moves heated to 80 to 90 degrees coolant.

The heating systems are created in such a way that when the water is cooled by hot water supply below the threshold value, for example +50 degrees, the boiler switches to the heating of the boiler. At the same time, it gives an elevated temperature operations at full power, heating the DHS to the upper threshold value, for example, +60 degrees. After that, again switches to heating.

With buffer capacity - the greatest stock of energy

In the buffer tank, the other vice versa, the container of a large volume is used, about 1 ton or more filled with the coolant, and the heated water moves along the helix, i.e. River heating occurs. But when opening additional cranes, its temperature varies slightly, as the design has a large reserve by the amount of energy transmitted.

The temperature of hot water will be the same as the heating system coolant. Sometimes it does not fit, therefore the mixing unit is included in the water supply scheme to reduce the temperature ...

The buffer capacity is supplied mainly the heating system with solid fuel boilers.

Other features of water heating heating

The boiler is often supplied with single-mounted gas or liquid boilers.

Another feature of the system is the ability to create a permanent circulation of water along the annular pipeline of the water supply. Then, when the crane is opened, we immediately get hot water. Water cooling is not considered loss of energy, because it is spent on the heating of the house.

There is still the opportunity to save - an additional heating spiral is placed in a boiler and connects to the solar collector. The energy of the sun is called the gift, the flow rate on the solar collector in this case pays off. It makes it possible to warm water in the summer if the energy is missing - the boiler connects.

Boiler layered heating

The main disadvantages of the usual straight-flow system of heating with a gas heater (the second boiler circuit) or electrically solved by installing the boiler of layered heating. One or more for each crane. It is a heat-insulated container into which hot water supply is carried out from above. From the same level, its fence is carried out.

Such a boiler makes it possible to simultaneously receive a lot of hot water of a stable temperature. You can pick up and "a little water", as well as provide the smallest cold descent. An ordinary heating boiler can also be used as such an intermediate drive.

Error - Incorrect connection of the boiler DHW

One of the common mistakes when creating a hot water system in the house is to connect an indirect heating boiler to the second contour of the two-door boiler. This contour itself is intended for the preparation of hot water, therefore it has a limitation of the maximum temperature in +60 degrees so that thermal burns do not occur.

Now the most comfortable and economical solution to create a hot water system is the installation of an indirect heating boiler, where it is possible. The remaining DHW schemes can be considered forced solutions that are dictated by circumstances, such as saving when creating ...

The boiler serves to heat the water. In addition, it can serve as a reservoir in which the reserve of hot water is constantly located. Nowadays, when turning off hot water in the summer is the option of the norm, the device has become popular and many are interested in how to choose a boiler for an apartment or at home.

Types of devices for heating

Initially, it is important to figure out what the principle of operation of the device for heating. This will make a thoughtful choice in the future. For water heating, heating elements - Tennes are served. After getting cold water into the water heater, the Tan heats it to a given temperature. Two principles of operation of heating elements are used:

Wet. When working there is a contact with water.
Dry. To protect against water uses hermetic flask.

In the first case, the problem is that over time it appears. Its every year must be removed from the boiler. The second option is dry - more reliable, but at the cost such a boiler will be released almost twice as expensive.

The boiler design provides a thermostat. Thanks to it, the device stops heating after the water reaches a certain temperature. After cooling the water, the device begins to work again. Usually the necessary temperature regime sets the owner of the apartment.

There are models that, with electronic control, allow control of heating intensities, taking into account the time of day.

It is worth remembering that in the presence of boiler, energy is often used uneconomically. To avoid this, some turn off the boiler for heating or translate it into the minimum heating mode.

Since the fan of boilers are different, there are two options for water heaters, differing in the method of placing heating elements:

Direct heating. In them, Ten is directly under the tank. This option is convenient because it does not depend on additional sources of heat.
Indirect heating. Heating is carried out with the help of technical fluid. Usually this option is used by those who live in a private house. In addition, the device does not depend on any energy, but can and warm the water from electricity with a non-working boiler.

The first option of the boiler can be both electric and gas (there is a gas burner in stock).

If we talk about the installation method, the devices for heating can be:

Vertical type.
Horizontal.
Wall.
Outdoor.

The choice also affects the material used for the design of water heaters. Regarding the anti-corrosion coating, it is worth noting that inexpensive, but most often the enamel used is the option. True, there is no guarantee that this coating will serve for a long time. If there are permanent temperature drops, cracks occur in the tank and rust appears. In this case, water is recommended not to heat up to 60ºС. But this is not an option, because this temperature contributes to an increase in the growth of bacteria. There are options with a silver ion coating, but it is expensive models.

There is an option to purchase a stainless steel boiler. This material does not affect corrosion and serves as much longer - more than 10 years. But the price of such a model will be high.

More often use a cylindrical water boiler. It has such advantages:

Compactness.
Water cools slowly.

Another option is slim. Many of them have a thin and elongated shape. Their advantage: oversity and relatively large hot water supply.

There are still rectangular water heaters. Since they are tightly adjacent to the wall, as a result, it is best to fit into any type of interior. For home, where a little place is a practical solution.

But if the places are quite a bit, then a horizontal heater is proposed. It is installed under washbasins, shelves and ceilings.

What you need to consider when choosing a tank

For those who live alone, a small 40 liter boiler is suitable. Water in it is heated in 2 hours. If the water heater acquires a family of two, then a suitable option will be an 80 or 100-liter water heater. To heat the water, it will take up to 5 hours. For a family with children, a practical option will be a 120 liter boiler. Sometimes even it happens not enough. For water heating, it is necessary for 7 hours.

The above indicators are averaged and depend on the power of the heating element.

Additional functions

Depending on the price, the following functions may be:

Eco heating.
The indicator showing the remainder of the time until the next heating cycle.
Protection of the heating element in the absence of water.
Frozening protection.
Terkesolation.

It is more expensive - therefore, it will have more functions, and it gives some additional amenities when used.

The price is not always the right indicator, since the branded model with a minimum number of functions can cost more than a multifunctional Chinese boiler.

Video

In this video, it is told how to choose the right water heater, taking into account its design features and family needs: