Logging cables of large cross section. Soldering soldering iron at home. Materials for the cereal tin

What do we need for soldering? Of course, the soldering iron (ideally, a soldering station), tin solder, rosin, ideally - wire solder, which is wound up onto the coil, a long, thin tin tube, similar to a wire, in the cavity of which is rosin. Those. When soldering, in this case, we do not need, as in the old manner, omit the sorry of the soldering iron, then in the rosin, then in the solder, and all this happens at the same time at one point. About it in more detail below ...

You can purchase all the necessary components in the nearest store of radiosters.

If you do not have a soldering station, which is initially ready for the soldering immediately after switching on, and a regular soldering iron, then before work (especially if it is new), it needs to be prepared in a special way - to fill, otherwise you will not solder. What it is "to regret", now we will look.

How to get a soldering iron?

We take a file and apply the plafhmy to the cutting cutting cut. Now we look at the same plane, periodically looking at the sting, until it becomes flat, smooth and brilliant.

After that, heated sting lay in rosin and immediately in the solder (in tin). Almost there will be no shine to the stall, so immediately after this procedure, we apply a sting to a small plate, preferably natural origin (non-chipboard) is better than fir or cedar (resolar), but in principle, anyone will also take a longer.

So, we repeat this procedure (rosin\u003e Solder\u003e Sketch) until the previously prepared by the sting cut from yellow - with a sparrow of the sizogo color of the heated copper, will not become silvery and shiny from covering it uniformly solder. This is called "faster", in this case a soldering iron.

Approximately this should look like a depleted sorry of the soldering iron:

Now we will learn to solder wiring (before it, climbing) to brass tin, too climbing it from the beginning. Jump the sting of the soldering iron into the rosin, then in the solder, and immediately, the plane of the sting parallel to the plane is brought closely to our brass test, without giving the rosin, press, then we carry, Elzim, in general - Ludim. If the rosin evaporated or spread, we repeat the process, and gradually, gradually our tires are covered with a qualitatively imposed on it. If the material is pure or without strong oxides, then such a logging occurs quickly.

If a wire solder is used, then we lean the sting of the soldering iron to the tin, and to the point of their contact to bring the tip of the wire solder, trying more to tighten the part of the soldering iron, and three of this part of this part so that tin with the richness enriched the place of contact.

How to get a wire?

Now LudiM wiring. Gently remove the insulation exactly so much so that we have enough space for soldering, and for the location of the shrink tube, (or another insulator) so that it does not arise any "short" (short circuits) ...

The wire is easier, because Usually, under insulated metal is clean, not oxidized. His we dip in the rosin, putting on top of him the sting of the heated soldering iron and in slowly pulling the wire from under the soldering iron, after the rosin melts and smoke. This is done, as probably understood, in order for the molten rosin wobbling the contact part of the wire. Now enrich the sting of the soldering iron by the solder, touching the tin, bring the sting to the nagwesch on the wiring of the rosin.

If the wire is copper and clean - the logging will occur immediately.

How to solder wire?

We have a listed experimental brass vehicle and promoted wiring, which we now need to connect, capture the preheated solder and then cool to keep their electrical connection forever, which we do, bringing the listed part of the wire to the listed part of the tin.

To the place of their contact, they bring the stuffing of the soldering enriched with the shower of the soldering iron so that the solder of high-quality flavors are listed parts of the supplied parts. This will contribute to the participating rosin. If something is not laid - dip in it. After the items found themselves in the molten solder, try not to smooth them anymore. You can slightly at the place of the soldering, until the shine of the solder will not darken slightly, which will indicate the solidification of the soldering.

And probably, the last barcode - you can still dip a small painting brush into the solvent and rinse the remains of the rosin in the soldering places.

How to learn to solder. It is this, a small special lesson, not referring directly to the main topic, decided to prepare for those who will not only have to solder cords, nest, plug, but in general, anything. So, let's begin…

What do we need for soldering?

Of course, the soldering iron (ideally, a soldering station), tin solder, rosin, ideally - wire solder, which is wound up onto the coil, a long, thin tin tube, similar to a wire, in the cavity of which is rosin. Those. When soldering, in this case, we do not need, as in the old manner, omit the sorry of the soldering iron, then in the rosin, then in the solder, and all this happens at the same time at one point. About it in more detail below ...

You can purchase all the necessary components in the nearest store of radiosters.

How to get a soldering iron?

We take a file and apply the plafhmy to the cutting cutting cut. Now we look at the same plane, periodically looking at the sting, until it becomes flat, smooth and brilliant.

So, we repeat this procedure (rosin → solder → reduction) until prepared by a previously prepared by a sting cut from yellow - with a blurry of the sizogo color of the heated copper, will not become silvery and shiny from covering it uniformly solder. This is called "faster", in this case a soldering iron.

Approximately this should look like a loving sting of the soldering iron.

Now we will learn to solder wiring (before it, climbing) to brass tin, too climbing it from the beginning.

Jump the sting of the soldering iron into the rosin, then in the solder, and immediately, the plane of the sting parallel to the plane is brought closely to our brass test, without giving the rosin, press, then we carry, Elzim, in general - Ludim. If the rosin evaporated or spread, we repeat the process, and gradually, gradually our tires are covered with a qualitatively imposed on it. If the material is pure or without strong oxides, then such a logging occurs quickly.

How to get a wire?

If the wire is copper and clean - the logging will occur immediately.

If not, it will have to, possibly repeat the operation or take advantage of the soldering paste instead of the rosin - a special chemical, (type of soldering acid, if someone familiar) allows you to brighten, for example, even iron.

So the soldering paste looks like.

How to solder wire?

All, congratulations! You got it.

How to disappear wire?

You can disappear wires and various soldering compounds, respectively, by the opposite method - warming up the place of the soldering (listed and torn to rosin, heated) stealing the soldering iron before moltening the solder.

... and probably the last barcode - you can still dip a small painting brush into the solvent and rinse the remnants of rosin in the soldering places.

What can be soldered?

Or rather, what metals to solder well? In the first place, it is, of course copper, brass, gold, silver, lead, of course, Tin. Worse to solder (brude) iron, steel, zinc. To lead the latter, you will have to use a special soldering paste (see figure above). There are also such metals that are not completely soldered, for example - aluminum.

During the repair, upgrades or when installing wiring, special attention is paid to the quality of the connection of conductive lived. Reliable soldered compound is the key to the safe operation of electric highways and household appliances. To secure the solder well, it is required to lose a pre-wire, the essence of the procedure is to cover the surface of the Tin.

Why the logging of wires is so important

Conducting wires prevents their oxidation

Before making a wire, you need to know what this procedure is so necessary for what. Copper and aluminum when interacting with oxygen are oxidized, forming an oxide film on its surface, which worsens the conductivity and increases the resistance. Printing wire allows this to avoid. Warm lead-tin soldiers are lying, their advantage is long-term operational period, security and reliability.

Also, the mezzanium is used during soldering, for example, when connecting the LED tapes to the power supply. If the residentials of the lighting device do not overcome, over time, all wiring will be dismiss.

Wire shearing with a soldering iron

Logs of wires soldering iron

For high-quality performance, it is important to confidently own a soldering iron. If the fastened skills are missing, it will not be possible to post and solder the wire.

There are different patterns of soldering iron, each possess their technical characteristics - power, dimensions, etc. The novice master is recommended to give preference to soldering stations, where it is possible to adjust the heating temperature on their own.

It is advisable to purchase an expensive device, since the process will take less time, and work will be performed in joy.

Required tools

Flux choose depending on the material of the wire

Installation, modernization, repair and maintenance of wires - the case is troublesome, but not complicated. To reduce the time spent, pre-prepare all the necessary tools and consumables for work. The list is as follows:

consumables relate to solder and flux;
sharp knife;
station for soldering or soldering iron;
technical or medical tweezers;
ordinary pliers.

You can use not well sharpened knife, and special ticks, allowing you to remove the entire insulating layer with several movements. But the cost of them is quite high, so many use a knife or scalpel.

In each case, a certain solder and flux composition for cables is required, it must be taken into account.

Procedure

To lose the wire, you need to act according to the following algorithm:

With the help of a special tool, knife or scalpel, remove the insulating layer from the wires that need to be connected.
After removing the insulating material, conductive veins deteriorates to form a characteristic shine. To do this, you can use a knife or sandpaper. If the work is not done with a cast residential, but a stranded wire, each wiring is fluffy and is cleaned separately.
A soldering iron is turned on and cleaned from all the contaminants that he likes to collect, especially old solder and dust. During cleansing the core of the soldering iron, it is recommended to use small emery paper.
It is required to warm up the tip of the wire. This can be done with a soldering iron, a gas burner or a conventional lighter.
When the soldering iron warmed up to the operating temperature, its residential touches the actual and rosin. The working surface should abundantly be covered with a melted tin.
The next stage is a hot soldering iron to touch the copper conductor. Solder should be evenly distributed through the dwelling. To put the solder, passage and tweezers are used.
At the end of the work, a cable or wire is carefully examined. The working surface must be completely and evenly covered by the solder. Empty cavities or accumulation of substances must be absent. If the shortcomings are detected in work, the procedure is started again.

If work is to be with completely thin wires, the rosin is better not to use, since it is very difficult to calculate the exact amount of substance. Soldering acid is suitable as analog. Conduct the tip of the conductor can be ordinary tassel. After that, you can start applying solder. This method cannot be called more reliable, but with such types of wiring it is impossible.

Wire processing methods

Ludi with a wooden bar

There are several ways to mezzani. Some masters prefer the method, the essence of which lies in the pressing of wires with a soldering iron to a wooden smooth surface.

When heating from a tree, gases are isolated, which perform the role of flux, contributing to the removal of oxides on the metal.

To better remove the oxide film on the surface of the conductive livers, it is possible with aspirin. During operation, the tablet is put under the wires. When heated from acetylsalicylic acid, gases enveloping the connection location, displacing impurities from them, adversely affecting the quality of the connection. This simple and budget way to implement the method provides high-quality logging.

There is another way to prepare stranded cables and wires that have a copper base covered with enamel. As a substrate, it is preferable to apply a small piece of PVC material. With thermal exposure, polyvinyl chloride begins to actively allocate chloride hydrogen. Which effectively destroys the oxide layer.

Luzhenia by obania

If it is necessary to work with wires and cables of a large diameter, then preparation is advisable to carry out otherwise. Complete and uniform distribution of solder in this case it is not easy to achieve.

There is a special device - a crucible, in which small pieces of tin are placed. There they are heated, resulting in a metal melt. The end of the wire is pre-immersed in rosin or other flux brands, and then in the tank capacity. Such an approach ensures the complete and even distribution of substances on the cut-off site.

You can use this method only with completely tinted wires. Immersion already has a completely different scale, and is carried out in industrial conditions. The process is implemented using a special coil with a wrapped wire. First, the entire copper surface is manually treated with hard brushes, their bristles are treated with zinc chloride in liquid form. The dissolved flux is obtained from a mixture of technical hydrochloric acid and zinc.

Next, the wire from the me is beginning to slowly spin and dip in the container filled with dissolved tin. The uniformity of the coating is ensured by the secondary processing of the cable or the wires of a large diameter of rubber brushes. At the end, the cable is immersed in cold water container and are treated with brushes. After that, the wires and cables are wound and pack for further implementation in building stores.

Work with electronics involves soldering materials. To learn it easy, and if there are incomprehensible nuances, they will disappear with experience. The tool requires maintenance for its quality work. The master you need to be able to properly post the sting of the soldering iron to hold the solder. The instrument does not have to be damaged. The quality of the soldering depends on the correct actions when processing the base.

Features of coatings

Solders of a simple type traditionally have a copper sting. The material is still used since the invention of the tool due to its high thermal conducting properties. But there is a disadvantage - the ability to high wear. Copper burns out or dissolves into the solder. The lack required to eliminate, and manufacturers began to apply additional coating of nickel or silver.

Nickel has high strength and does not wear out. Long service life is the advantage of nickel coating. The disadvantage is weak adhesion. Such a tip does not hold the solder. The soldering can be performed only when the solder is submitted directly to the work area. The workspace is heated by sting, then a small part of the solder or soldering paste is lying. Grapping comes from heating.

Silver has good adhesion, but weakly conducts heat. In addition, the material is expensive. Over time, silver wear out and exposes the copper base. This is due to the fact that silver coating dissolves into the solder.

Features of spraying complicate work and service. Therefore, radio amateurs, especially the older generation, prefer copper soldering iron. But copper staga has a flaw - hot copper is instantly oxidized. The interaction with air occurs only on a thin layer, but this is enough for zero adhesion. Heat is also transmitted worse. Way out - tip always need to cover the thin layer of solder.

Tin can not be applied before soldering, because copper begins under its layer. Slags appear on the burnout site, due to which there is no adhesion. Master begins to be distracted from work.

Abrasive materials are rapidly coated. Nickel or ceramics are applied with a thin layer on the sting - that's why you can not get them. The expensive tip will turn into a copper bar.

The process of preparing copper sting

The coating process does not cause difficulties. Melted solder is well to bed on hot copper, but with one condition - it must be clean. It is possible to achieve this only at low temperatures. The oxidation with increasing temperature accelerates and adhesion disappears. Cold solder can not stick to the stall because it does not melt. It turns out a vicious circle.

Slands, remnants of rosin and plastic, scale and other trash can be removed on a cold tool. The rod before this operation is pulled out not to damage the heater. The sting inside the heater is also oxidized, which worsens heat transfer. Electricity due to scale overcomes the excess resistance and isted.

Before making a soldering iron with a copper sting, it needs to be cleaned of dirt. Make it with a file or sandpaper. The material should be sharpened to the pure layer so that the appearance was like a new one. It's easier to make sandpaper. The surface is polished to a smooth state - so oxidation is slower.

The oxidation speed can be reduced if the sting is made. Make it with a hammer on the anvil. Neat blows strengthen the surface and give the shape of a copper rod. Next, go to the meadow process until it was covered with slags.

Methods of tinnitory sting:

Proper preparation will allow not to be nervous at the initial stage of work. After time, the process must be redone due to the fact that copper begins to oxidize.

Luduing of modern coating

Tips from ceramics and nickels do not need to brude. This is read by manufacturers, but it is nothing more than advertising. Modern coatings are also prone to oxidation, only the process is slower. To lift the sting of the soldering iron of the soldering station of modern type in the usual way will not work - the coating will be sturd.

Cleaning is performed by a wet cloth of their x / b fabrics. Take a solid rosin, where is a little solder. The tip should be rubbed with a cloth and instantly dip in the rosin. A piece of solder is treated vertically down. Solder melts and envelops the cone sting.

Cleaning in the process

Correct the soldering iron is important not only during preparation for work. After some time, the soldering can happen that the material will again not stick to the base. It happens in 15 minutes. Under the layer of the meturn burns copper. There are several ways to find a soldering iron while working.

Broo tree

The tree bar is unknown should always be at hand at the master. Coniferous rocks are used, since such wood has a natural rosin. On the wood pour flux and lies a little solder. As soon as Okalo appears on the stare, rub him about the tree. During this process, the base is cleared and detected.

Sponge of metal

Method of instant fogging of the soldering iron. Factory soldering installations are equipped with a similar device in the form of a sponge of steel in a container.

The wizard is convenient to use a similar method, but it can be improved. The bottom of the sponge is empty by flux - soldering lady. With a shallow immersion, it will be easy to clean. And if on the base to apply solder and lay it deeply, to the base of the sponge, then the cleaning will be combined with a mezzani.

The method is optimal for modern tips with ceramic or nickel spraying. Even the soldering iron with a subtle stale from copper can be so cleaned and listed. Damage to the device is difficult to apply even with a strong press.

Using rosin

Method for a traditional tool with simple sting from copper. The metal is quickly oxidized and after 10-15 minutes the solder is no longer pickled. If you clean it separately from flux, then the master will not have time to convey the soldering iron - so quickly passes oxidation.

Clean the tool because of this in rosin. Under the soldering iron is a false feet, you can use the steel wire. Then the clutch is clutch until the flux is melted. Solder should not be.

Classic method and prevention

Previous ways invented the wizard relatively recently. Our ancestors, even fathers, made a mezzanium somewhat differently. To do this, the file was required with a shallow notch, workbench for work (you can replace the board), rosin and the maximum refractory solder.

Procedure:

The procedure takes 10 minutes, no less. A large amount of preparation time pays off by the fact that with a tool you can work for several days without special training.

Work for a long time will provoke overheating. Increase temperatures enhances oxidation and rod has to be prepared for operation more often. In order to avoid unnecessary procedures, some rules should be adhered to.

Preventive oxidation measures:

The tool always need to keep ready. After a long failure, the sore of the soldering iron does not light due to strong oxidation. Restoring the adhesion of the coating, especially from copper, carry out rosin. After immersing in it, the sting is rubbed with a cloth x / b. While working the soldering iron also periodically needs to be cleaned.

You probably noticed that when two interconnected conductor, with long work, begin to warm up. This is especially noticeable when increasing the power of the passing current. This phenomenon occurs when the oxide film is formed between the conductors, which violates contact. Insufficient contact between wires leads to their heating. To ensure long and reliable contact, use the process of firing wires.

How to Love Soldering Iron: Features

It means to cover the metal products with a thin layer of tin, which in turn prevents the process of oxidation of metal surfaces. But if you take into account the serving of the soldering iron, then the process is slightly different.

Relief of the soldering iron Stephava:

Surface preparation;
Tinning.

Before you lose a soldering iron, you must prepare a working surface. First of all, if the soldering iron is completely new, you need to sharpen the sting of the device. In order to do this correctly, the processes in which the soldering iron will be used.

Slap of the soldering iron can be given the form of a wedge. To do this, the sting is removed from the device, and with the help of a file or electrostank, the sting from two sides is sharpened at an angle of up to 40 0. If the soldering iron is used to work with small radio components, then it is attached to the form of a cone that provides more convenient operation.

Note! The width of the island of the wedge must be at least one millimeter. If the sting in the form of a cone, the work area is about two millimeters.

If the factory shape suits, it is important to understand that all products at the factory manufacturer are covered with patina - oxygen oxide and copper, which has a greenish tint. Before the fogging of the device, it is necessary to remove this coating with small grain.

After that, the sting is installed in the device, and connects to the power grid. It is necessary to wait for a uniform warming up of the surface of the sting, after which the logging is made.

When heated to the optimal temperature, the sting of the device is treated with a resin or a rosin rosin. The entire surface is covered.

Conducting Wires: Technology

Copper and its alloys over time are oxidized under the influence of oxygen. In order to connect copper conductors in the process of work, it is necessary to post them with tin.

For work it will be necessary:

Soldering iron;
Solder;
Flux or rosin.

Properly post the copper wire, it will only work out well-heated soldering iron. Therefore, before starting work, we turn it on to the network and leave warmer.

After that, depending on the material processing, the following is performed. If the copper live is covered with rosin, it is placed in a container with this material and heated by a soldering iron. If a flux is used, the wire is covered with a liquid flux and heats up the soldering iron.

Note! The better the heating of the metal, the better the congestion of the copper conductor.

Then, the required amount of tin is taken to the heated sting of the soldering iron and using this device is distributed over the entire surface of the processed wire.

In order to fill a copper cable of a large cross section, a crucible (melting capacity) is used. In this case, in a heated container to the melting point of tin, slices of metal are placed. The cable lived is processed by flux or rosin and placed in a crucible. So, it is achieved, normal heating of the veins and the uniform distribution of tin along its surface.

What you need and how to get it and solder the wires from headphones

Very often, under the influence of mechanical loads, headphones fail. These leads to the cliff of low-current guides. These conductors in the device are quite thin, so the logging technology and soldering are slightly different.

Features:

Subtle sting of the soldering iron;
The use of rosin;
The use of wire solder.

Start work, follows from the disassembly of the old device. First of all, the torn guides are disappeared. Next, prepare for the soldering of the new wire.

Since, low-voltage conductor for headphones, to isolation from each other are covered with varnish, then it makes it difficult to make a soldering process. To do this, facilitate work, it is necessary to remove the layer of varnish from the wires, thereby prepare the metal for the mezzani.

This is done with the help of a preheated soldering iron using rosin. Wire lived, placed in rosin, and heated. It then plays onto a flat surface, on which the layer of varnish is observed with light movements from insulation to the end of the wire.

Note! Varnish should be removed on such a distance at which the tapping of the conductors will not lead to their closure.

After that, using a preheated soldering iron, a thin layer of tin is covered wires. It is worth noting that the headphones listed wires not only provide reliable contact, but the soldering process is greatly simplified.

Tinned copper: characteristics and application

Thanks to its properties, copper wire, has been widely used, both in domestic and industrial scales. The main feature of copper is resistance to various mechanical effects, temperature drops and the effects of atmospheric precipitation.

But to improve the indicators of copper stability, use the process of a suspension at which it is covered with a thin layer of tin, the thickness of which varies 1 to 20 microns.

Copper wire tinning process:

Cleaning;
Tinning;
Alignment of tin layer;
Cooling;
Re-alignment;
Packaging.

First of all, the wire coil is installed on a special feed mechanism by which it passes all the necessary processes.

First, passing through special brushes, which are wetted with a solution of zinc chloride, the wire is cleaned. Zinc chloride solution is obtained by dissolving granulated zinc in hydrochloric acid.

After the wire passed the cleaning, it passes through the bath, filled with molten tin. This method allows to achieve a uniform distribution of tin along the entire surface of the metal.

Note! The most important during the tinted copper wire is to prevent tin.

Then, cooled wire. This happens when it passes through the bath filled with cold water. These process performs the function of improving the quality of tin compound with the copper surface of the wire.

After that, the wire passes secondary processing with brushes, at which the wire is completely getting rid of the influx and its diameter decreases if necessary.

At the receiving mechanism, the wire is wound onto the coil and packaged.

How to Loose Tin Bearing (Video)

It does not matter what kind of design at the metal product (wire or bearing). Frequently, the correct operation of these products depends on the quality of the compound and the materials that it is processed.