What waterproofing is better for a belt foundation. How to start and how to carry out the waterproofing of the foundation? Cold Bituminous Waterproofing Method

The destructive action of moisture prevents the waterproofing of the belt foundation during the entire service life of the house. The materials used, the methods of their application, the durability of protection can be different.

The choice is made taking into account the entire complex of the conditions of the construction site - geology, climate, density of development, neighboring buildings.

Protection against natural factors

Engineering and geological research of the site in a set with the characteristics of the climatic zone will be given by the amount of seasonal oscillations of the level of groundwater (AGE).

Salmon depth is conditionally divided into two values:

Above 2 m (high);
Below 2 m (low).

With floods, abundant snow melting, after heavy rains, the water level can rise in the ground above up to 2 meters. Seasonal oscillations should be taken into account in the most adverse values.

The effect of water bodies is felt at a distance of more than 1 km from the place where the object was built. The necessary waterproofing of the belt foundation is performed with their own hands in the event that the distance from its lower boundary to groundwater does not exceed 1 m.

Perspective accounting of changes

An important stage of selection of waterproofing before starting work is to make an amendment to the perspective, look a little further after the house is built. Affecting the hydraulic component can:

Increase pressure on the support due to the dense building site. Water will rise;
A long-term cycle of water protection changes;
Changes in the drainage system of neighboring sites (including the arrangement of waterborgs, dam, wells);
Violation of the movement of high groundwater (creation of a monolithic obstacle before the stream in the ground on the slopes) due to the new construction of houses with swallowed belt fundament.

Types of waterproofing

Moisture to the surface of the flooded monolith comes from above (precipitation), from the sides, below. You need to make an absorption barrier in two directions:

Horizontal. The capillary climb from the foundation to the walls is cut off by roll materials from the basement. The breakfast needs to make an obstacle to the seeping of water from the soil surface to the concrete of the outer part of the foundation. For this purpose, the screed with a slope of 2 ÷ 3 ° should be per slice of the roof no less than 0.3 m. The drainage takes off the approaching water, does not allow it to be seen through the submission of the monolithic base of the house and serves as a pair with a breakfast, but at the postal level .
Vertical. Prevents leakage of groundwater into the foundation structure. Capillary isolation does not allow water to concrete, non-free - protects against seasonal fluctuations in water saturation, anti-povered - prevents the penetration of groundwater.

Doubts about the need for isolation occur during the stage, the subsequent fill of the inaccessible tapes directly into the trench, diverted in dry ground. The presence of a pillow provides a gap in front of the raising moisture drops. If the solution was placed in the shape of the right film, the base of the built house would like for a long time.

Horizontal waterproofing should be made by SNiP 3.04.01-87. The order of waterproofing work for the foundation of the house is set to SNiP 3.04.01-87, SNiP 2.03.11-85, SNiP 3.04.03-85

Separation by the method of applying

Depending on the consistency of the material, the method of application can be:

coating;
deposition;
blowing;
impregnation;

Methods performed by certified specialists:

injection;
shielding.

If a capillary lift of moisture is predominated on the surface of the house, located underground, then make a coating, spraying, bituminous or polymer compositions (liquid rubber). In the hot / cold state there is a mastic - depends on the composition.

Rolled materials (films, geotextiles, rubberoid) The surface is glued to prepared before this surface, with warming after the burner, turning out the air bubbles with a roller.

The impregnating compositions are deeply penetrated into the structure of the monolithic concrete (blocks) and create a water-repellent layer of vertical insulation from water of sufficient thickness.

If the house was built in the house, the cellar, the basement, waterproofing of the vertical walls of the tape, after frozen, make sure.

An injection method is used as a repair measure to cracking or having domestic cavities. The way of dear, but sometimes the only possible, if there is no technical access to the surface being repaired, there are deep damage to the carrier belt of the house, after it is built.

Shielding - expensive, rarely used method. It is the installation of protective casing from special mats or plates.

Selection of material

The quality of the polymer material from which the foundation-tape waterproofing is performed:

Water repellence (hydrophobicity);
Waterproof structure;
Elasticity, adjacent after applying to a rough surface;
Adhesion to concrete;
Manufacturability (fairly easy to be processed, installation in construction conditions, the ability to connect to a solid surface after soldering or sizing);
Durability in the ground with multiple temperature fluctuations.

The most common materials for coating with brush are bitumen mastics. Application with your own hands allows you to carefully fill all the pores of the surface with fluid composition.

It is covered by all parts of 3-4 layers, giving breathing a day at each stage. The advantages include the possibility of independent performance, maintainability of any individual section, availability of material.

With a hot application method, it is necessary to observe security measures, apply personal protective equipment.

The use of dry plastering mixtures with hydrophobic additives for coating is possible if the composition is frost-resistant. However, even in favorable conditions, after 10-15 years, cracking occurs that requires repair. Hydraulic resistance is not high.

Installation of material

If you apply rolled materials, it does not help yourself. At this stage are invited to assistants. Sniphes are allowed to use:

fiberglass;
polyvinyl chloride film;
brizol;
hydroisol (hydroytecloxyol);
polyisobutylene.

When spraying liquid rubber, it is necessary not only to be able to use the sprayer, but also to cover the resulting surface of the lower part of the house with a geotestile for protection throughout the area. You can apply and brush.

Sticking materials are carried out from top to bottom. The vertical rows need to be made with a disconnement by 0.4 m at the joints of the seams. At the next stage, the corners can be book, after the closure of the vertical walls, the same sheet, 0.2-0.3 m of the brand in each direction. Used gas flame burners, propane in cylinders and means of protection.

Look at the video how to produce water protection for a tape base.

Liquid rubber in the ready state is not stored. It is necessary to count how the quantity it is immediately used when we open the package or mix the two component composition. Under the rubber need primer.

The service life will be 50-70 years.

Important moments

According to GOST 12.3.009, such rules must be observed:

The maximum humidity of the poured concrete is not more than 4%;
Waterproofing from sprayed or painting compositions is carried out after the complete drying of the primer;
The thickness of the waterproofing layer is from 0.3 cm to 0.6 cm.

If the house is built close to the level of groundwater, it is necessary to carry out gumming work (SNiP 04.04.03-85). Protection is recruited from rubber sheets and vulcanized by joints.

How to make drainage

If there is a high yield, pumped soil, horizontal waterproofing of the part of the house includes a drainage system.

Watch the video how to correctly mount the drainage of the belt base.

Drainage happens:

Annular. Distance 5-8 m from walls in the form of a solid or open circle.
Wasted. The distance from the walls is equal to the width of the foundation. Depth - no more than its depth.
Plasty. Pipes are laid under the area of \u200b\u200bthe building.

The tap tubes are placed in the plumbing filler (large crushed stone, sand) and are removed in the drain reservoir, which should be built outside the site.

The main enemy of building structures - moisture. For foundations, it is dangerous and atmospheric, and groundwater. Waterproofing of the ribbon basement prevents problems during the operation of the building.

Why do you need isolation?

The concrete surface of the foundation is required to protect against the effects of fluid. It is necessary to achieve the following results:

preventing water penetration into a basement or ground floor at home;
protection of concrete from leaching particles and aggressive medium;
prevent the destructive action of the cold.

The simultaneous action of water and negative temperatures is dangerous for the material. The capillary moisture penetrates the foundation and freezes there. Water is a unique substance, only it expands when freezing. Thus, the pressure inside the underground wall increases, which leads to its destruction.

Types of waterproofing

Waterproofing of the belt foundation prevents the destructive effect of various types of moisture on the design. At the same time use a system of three insulation types:

Horizontal. Prevents the capillary lifting of moisture. The first layer is provided in the wall from the foundation blocks just below the basement floor level. The second layer is performed above, on the edge of the foundation. It is designed to protect different materials from the properties of materials (for example, a concrete foundation and a brick wall).
Vertical. It happens the outer (in most cases) or internal (if there are special circumstances).
SCHOOT. Need to lead rain moisture from foundations. It reduces the load on vertical isolation. Performed from various materials in compliance with the slope. The recommended width is 1 m.

Waterproofing of the monolithic belt foundation involves the vertical protection device all over. The horizontal layer in the level of the sole is not provided. To protect the base from moisture, concrete preparations of skinny concrete are used (class B7.5-B12.5).

An additional measure to protect the design from moisture will be drainage. It plays the role of waterproofing the soles of the tape base and is provided for 30 cm below the edge of the structure. The distance from the horizontal building is no more than 1 m. For the drainage device, pipes are used with a diameter of 110-200 mm (depending on the humidity of the soil), which are stacked with a slope of 0.003-0.01.

All of the above methods are suitable for the deep location of groundwater (more than 0.5 m from the sole). If the cov is high, it is worth thinking about the use of another type of foundations, since the design protection measures in this case (water supply, caisson device) can do very expensive.

Building without basement

Isolation from moisture should be provided regardless of the presence of the basement. Here it is worth returning to the previous question "Why is itolation need?". Its goal is to protect the concrete and extending the service life of the foundations, it is necessary buildings with the basement and without it.

Waterproofing of the ribbon foundation without basement includes the following activities:

vertical insulation outside the building;
isolation between the edge of the foundation and the wall of the building;
waterproofing of the floor on the ground, which is connected to the previous one (together they form a closed circuit);
isolation of the foundation pillow (for a collection type of construction).

In the manufacture of the foundation from concrete blocks, the foundation pillow is isolated from moisture with a reinforced seam made of concrete 50 mm thick. Application here other materials will lead to the deformations of the foundation.

Materials for waterproofing

Depending on the location of the insulation, different materials are used. Liquid bitumen compositions are most often used as vertical protection. Such a coating waterproofing is applied in two layers and is used at low soil humidity. Differs low cost and simplicity of technology. The disadvantages include short-life.

There are also other options for vertical insulation of the foundation walls:

Stucco. At the same time, lines the surface and protects it from moisture. Such isolation is capable of listening to 10 years, over time, cracks appear on the surface in which moisture penetrates.
Powered. Various rolled materials are used. Ruberoid will become the most inexpensive and unreliable option. Also among the builders are more modern materials: technoelast, tehnonikol, linocur and hydroize. Effective membranes are used less often due to relatively high prices. For the reliability, the foundation isolate insulation is performed in two layers.
Penetrating. This type of insulation not only increases the resistance of the concrete moisture, but also its strength and durability. The compositions are capable of penetrating the greater depth and provide protection against water in any directions. This type was distributed when repairing and restoring old foundations.
Liquid rubber. Applied to the surface of the spraying. Differs on high elasticity and lack of seams. Disadvantage - high cost.

With a high UG, the screen method of vertical isolation is used. To do this, use concrete mats based on clay. Also in this case, the internal protection device is possible.

Horizontal waterproofing on the edge of the foundation is performed from rolled materials. The most common steel rubberoid, linocur, hydroizol, etc. Laying of rolled materials in the level of the sole is not allowed. Instead, use:

reinforced seam with a thickness of 50 mm between the foundation pillow and blocks in the technology team;
preparation (from skinny concrete) under the sole of the foundation in the monolithic technology.

The cabin on the perimeter of the building is five types. Depending on the material, a bias is selected in the direction of the foundation:

concrete 3%;
asphalt concrete 3%;
from rubble 5%;
from paving slabs 5%;
membrane (hidden) 3%.

The choice of material for the scene depends on the aesthetic considerations and financial capabilities. Concrete or asphalt concrete option is the most accessible option.

Competent waterproofing of the foundation protects it from premature destruction. To guarantee reliable protection, all activities are performed in the complex.

The moisture penetrating into the basement and basement creates unfavorable conditions in residential premises located in these floors. With capillary penetration into the body of the concrete monolith of the ribbon foundation of moisture in winter, freezing and expanding at the same time, contributes to the destruction of concrete. The humidity of the foundation leads to corrosion of metal reinforcement, which also does not contribute to the strength and reliability of the founding of the building. For the full and long-term functioning of the underground part of the structures, it is necessary to provide its reliable protection against the destructive influence of moisture, underground groundwater and the impact of moisture that penetrates the upper layers of soil.

Properly performed waterproofing of the ribbon foundation is designed to protect it from moisture exposure.

Types of waterproofing foundation

Waterproofing methods 2:

The horizontal is used with a sufficiently deep running of groundwater and the lack of direct contact of the foundation with them. It serves to cut off the capillary lifting of moisture from the foundation tape on the foundation wall. The horizontal waterproofing includes various types of water leads from the building - the construction of the scene and drainage.
Vertical provides waterproof the walls of the ribbon foundation. Performance vertical waterproofing protects against seasonal raising groundwater and precipitation; capillary - from moisture from entering concrete monolith; Anti-thinking is designed to resist the hydrostatic action of groundwater.

Depending on the method of execution are divided into:

scoop (Mastic) - performed in the form of coating with hot and cold bitumen or polymer compositions;
inlet - insulation with rolled materials (geotextile, rubberoid, films);
spraying - coating with a sprayer;
impact - used in the processing of blocks and plates with various compositions that penetrate into the porous structure of concrete and give them the necessary waterproofing qualities.

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Performing waterproofing of a tape basement when bookmark

When under construction, the waterproofing is performed in several stages.
At the initial level for the waterproofing layer, it is necessary to make a pillow from a sandy-chicken mixture or a layer of skinny concrete.

On the bottom of the trench, duck up under the foundation, the mixture of sand and rubble is falling asleep, thoroughly tram and align. The layer thickness can be up to 20-30 cm.
On the sandy layer, the screed of concrete is stistered up to 5-8 cm. After drying the screed (up to 2 weeks), its surface is treated with bitumen mastic or molten bitumen and lay a layer of runneroid, again apply bitumen and then another layer of rubberoid. After that, take another 5-8 cm concrete screed.
After that, the foundation is erected, its surface is isolated using vertical types of waterproofing.

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Waterproofing foundation after its construction

Vertical isolation is also possible at the stage of the foundation, and after completing the construction. The most common way is the full processing of the entire foundation tape by molten bitumen or ready-made mastic purchased in a construction store. Bitumen penetrates the gaps of concrete construction and, frozen, creates a layer that protects the foundation from the penetration of moisture into the body of the monolith.

Vertical insulation can be done with the help of rolled materials or deposition of single and two-component compositions of the elastopase or elastomix type, etc. Materials from the category of "liquid rubber".

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Bituminous isolation

In order to make isolation by bitumen, you need:

Split a bitumen bitumen on slices in bed and melt them in a refractory capacity (in a bucket over the bone) to a liquid state. You can add a bit of spent oil (automotive) when warming up bitumen.
Hot bitumen is easily applied to all surfaces of the foundation in several layers (2-4 enough). The bitumen should not stick in the tank: when repeated heating, it loses part of the properties.

Among the disadvantages of the bitumen, the briefness can be noted (5-10 years of operation) and low hydroelectability of bitumen isolation. When drought, the insulation may be damaged.

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Rolled materials

To protect the foundation of the construction of moisture, first of all, it is necessary to make the so-called gentleflows. Schemes of devices of the scenes: 1 - cement solution; 2 - broken brick, grade; 3 - clay; 4 - soil; 5 - drain groove; 6 - foundation.

As the protection of the bituminous layer or as an independent type of waterproofing, you can make inlet insulation with rolled materials, glued on the surface of the foundation using mastic or bitumen:

The surface of the foundation is treated with molten bitumen or mastic. In contrast to the coating type of waterproofing, there is no fundamentally thorough application of the bituminous layer, since it serves as a layer that ensures the attachment of the rolled material to the foundation.
Ruberoid is heated with a burner and superimposed on a hot layer of bituminous coating. The joints make the bracket by 10-15 cm and processed the burner for the connection. Instead of runner, modern materials applied in several layers on the surface of the foundation. These are polymeric films and a polyester cloth with a bitumen-polymer spraying of type techno-elast, isoelast, etc.
In the absence of ability to use the burner, special masts with adhesive properties are used.

The durability of such waterproofing reaches 50 years. Waterproofing with the use of rolled materials is considered the most reliable today.

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Liquid rubber - modern material

The composition is a dispersion of bitumen particles in water modified by polymers. Among the advantages of modern material: no odor, non-combustibility, non-toxicity. Liquid rubber can be applied even on wet surfaces and have good adhesion with all the grounds. After drying, a waterproofing membrane is formed on the treated surface.

Lack of coverage is the same as in bitumen mastic: the surface may be damaged at. Therefore, it is recommended after applying the composition of the paint or manually to further consolidate geotextiles or other material on the foundation (for example, polystyrene foam for thermal insulation).

Application of a layer of liquid rubber requires pre-primer with a special composition or diluted with water (1: 1) liquid rubber. On the ground layer after drying, 1-2 layers of liquid rubber are applied for 1 hour.

The ribbon foundation of your home should be "dressed" into waterproofing materials. The correct and reliable waterproofing of the belt foundation of your home is one of the priorities you need to solve.

The ribbon is a reinforced concrete strip. It goes through all the external sizes of the structure and the carrying inland walls.

From life experience, we know that in order to keep our health with you, we wear warm things in cold weather, we are worked out, respectively, in crude weather. Fishing and hunting in special marsh boots, so as not to soak our legs and not get sick. But many mountain builders think that the built house, in particular, its foundation, can be in a fairly raw and cold medium - in the ground - without protection against this aggressive environment.

Therefore in order to build the house:

pleased you and not one generation of your descendants;
was a "long-lived" for which it is necessary to preserve the "health" of your home;
did not give trouble from frequent repairs, alterations, reconstructions due to illiterate construction and subsequent operation,

be sure to need a modern technology for isolation from groundwater.

With this important issue, we must figure out.

Ribbon foundations (scheme).

To create waterproofing, which will serve you for many years, it is necessary to apply high-quality, especially for this purpose with certain properties and characteristics.

The material used should be:

Modern materials have these properties and differ only to a greater or lesser degree of their manifestation.

Good drainage

Light soils - sand and sandy - are able to easily skip the appearing moisture into lower soil layers. Water does not stir up near the foundation erected, and therefore waterproofing may be slightly lightweight compared to the waterproofing device on heavy, bubbly soils - clay, loam.

As a rule, on bubbly soils, a drainage system for collecting and removing moisture from a concrete foundation is arranged. For this, special drainage membranes are used, which are placed under a monolithic plate on which a ribbon foundation is standing.

Drainage system circuit.

Under the sole of reinforced concrete tape of the foundation performed in the trench (without basement) on all external and internal carrier walls of the house, with a depth of the base of the foundation by 20-30 cm below the ground freezing point, be sure to build a sand-gravel or sand-gravel pillow. Such drainage is able to take moisture to lower layers of the Earth. The width of the bulk and the rammed pillow must be greater than the width of the ribbon foundation by 20 cm. The pillow prevents stagnation of water and tightening or clay when lifting the level of groundwater surface of the foundation and damage to vertical waterproofing. A vertically installed drainage membrane helps to remove excess water from the building, does not allow it to put pressure on the waterproofing itself and to look for weak points in it.

Horizontal and vertical insulation

Scheme of the device of horizontal waterproofing

Horizontal waterproofing is performed under the monolithic slab by laying the drainage membrane to the monolithic layer of skinny concrete with a slope into the removal pipeline, followed by mounting the reinforced mesh and the fill of the monolithic foundation plate on which the ribbon foundation is assembled or poured around the perimeter of the house.

Horizontal waterproofing is also made to separate the top plane of the belt foundation and the starting wall. It is performed by spraying the appropriate material or the oscillating of rolled waterproofing materials.

All vertical planes of the belt foundation from the top to the niza are closed by modern materials specially designed for this.

Several types of waterproofing

Non-free waterproofing protects the ribbon foundation from external precipitation penetrating into the soil, and from the spring and autumn temporary lift of the groundwater level.

For reliable anti-phonic waterproofing, the basement is better to apply three layers of sludge.

After performing vertical waterproofing, fill the foundation. The best result is achieved with layer-by-layer inertia, well-conductive water materials, such as quartz (river) sand with the smallest clay impurities, gravel weight or earth. The frustration of the construction garbage is undesirable, since it is after this operation that damage the integrity of the waterproofing of a tape basement. On the surface of the Earth around the perimeter, the building makes a breakdown of 1 m wide from concrete or asphalt.

Anti-profic insulation, in turn, protects the base of the house from contact with constant close-range groundwater in the zone of finding the foundation. For such purposes, reducing, sprayed, paint materials are used. After applying such insulation materials, a solid layer of insulation without joints and seams with good repulsive properties is formed.

Capillary waterproofing prevents moisture droplets from entering into concrete monolith. The best results it gives with the impregnation of concrete with compositions both with the inner and the outside of the foundation tape. The impregnating compositions penetrate the depth of concrete for several centimeters, filling the smallest pores in concrete, making the ribbon foundation almost hermetic and able to confront the external moisture.

The diagram of the adjoining horizontal and vertical waterproofing.

Sequence of work

Works on the isolation of the ribbon foundation from the external impact of the medium should pass on the surface purified from dirt.

First of all, it is necessary to choose a method of application, and at the same time the insulating material itself.

Refractory waterproofing is performed by mastic, bituminous compositions, liquid glass. In most cases, it is used as the first layer of insulation and as a binding layer for gluing rolled materials.

After this layer, the foundation is covered with rubberoid or other rolled materials by two layers, sticking the layers on mastic. The junctions are performed with an overlap 20 cm.

Waterproofing is possible and using spraying with special compositions with a sprayer.

After performing any type of waterproofing, it is advisable to mount a special rolled profiled membrane that protects waterproofing from damage and contributes to the allocation of excess water from the foundation. The membrane is also rolled up with the allen on the joints at 15-20 cm.

The construction of the foundation is the first and most responsible stage of building any building, so each phase of its structure is of great importance. And if no one will argue with the fact that it is impossible to save on strengthening the foundation, then the question of its waterproofing is not so unambiguous. Some mistakenly believe that the foundation waterproofing thing is rather desirable than mandatory. This is not true. The absence of water protection can be extremely negatively affecting the fortress of the foundation. What types of waterproofing are used for various types of foundations and how to make it with their own hands, we will tell you in this article.

Why do I need a waterfront foundation?

Before moving to the consideration of various types of waterproofing, it is important to figure out why it is so necessary.

The foundation is subject to moisture from all sides: from the inside it is moistened with soil and wastewater, and with exterior - precipitation and melting snow.

The main material from which the foundation is made, namely concrete, in itself moisture is not afraid. But it is not a waterproofing material, therefore, the moisture can fall as inside the concrete and leak through it.

This is fraught with two unpleasant consequences: first, under the influence of moisture, the valve inside the concrete can be corroded and rust, which will lead to the weakening of the whole design. Secondly, moisture, penetrating through the foundation into the structure, can become a fertile soil for the formation of various fungi and microorganisms.

It is these two problems that are designed to solve the waterproofing of the foundation.

High-quality waterproofing of the foundation - the guarantee of the reliability and durability of the building

General rules

For the device of high-quality waterproofing, it is necessary to know not only the basic requirements for its laying, but also the peculiarities of each particular place on which construction is underway.

The foundation must be reliably protected from groundwater. If their level is above the foundation level, in addition to waterproofing, it is necessary to build a drainage system.
The function of protecting the foundation from the external moisture performs the scene.
When the waterproofing device must necessarily take into account the composition of local groundwater.

For example, when the construction section of so-called aggressive water is detected at the construction site, the appropriate materials will be used for waterproofing.

It is necessary to take care not only about the foundation itself, but also about the walls in the basement and on the ground floor.

Features in the process of building a house

The most correct solution will be the waterproofing device during the construction of the foundation.

In this case, it becomes possible to protect the foundation tape not only on the sides and on top, but also from the bottom, which will be almost impossible after the foundation is already laid.

The main feature of the waterproofing of the foundation during construction is precisely the construction of the lower waterproofing layer, which assumes "the main blow" when protecting the structure from groundwater.

There are several technologies for creating the lower waterproofing - a pillow of sand and rubble and directly layer of insulating material.

By its structure, the waterproofing pillow resembles a puff cake

As for the processing of the walls and the upper part of the foundation, any of the technologies we will describe during construction can be applied.

Waterproofing of finished foundation

If the work on waterproofing during the foundation laying was not carried out, it significantly complicates the task and does not allow to protect the design in full.

Waterproofing of the finished foundation begins with the preparation of the trench throughout the perimeter. If this is not done, only the outer part of the tape will be handled, which will significantly reduce the protective properties of the structure.

Without the preliminary penetration of the trench, the waterproofing of the finished foundation is practically impossible

The depth of the trench should be at least 50 centimeters, otherwise the waterproofing of the grounded part of the foundation will be ineffective.

The surface of the foundation is verified for the presence of chips and cracks. When they are detected, they should be sealed with the help of a solution, after which the layer of plasters should be applied over the entire surface of the foundation. When the plaster dried, the selected waterproofing material is applied to it. And after drying the waterproofing layer, the trench is buried and the breakfast is satisfied on top.

Views

In its purpose, the foundation is divided into two types: anti-filtration and anti-corrosion.

Anti-Filtration

Anti-Filtration Waterproofing is used where there are "aggressive" water or the level of groundwater pressure on the foundation ribbon is quite high. For the device of this type of waterproofing, it is necessary to carefully study the characteristics of the soil and the composition of groundwater. In addition, such isolation requires complex design, so it is better to invite specialists who specialize in this form of work.

Anticorrosive

Anticorrosion waterproofing - the most common type of foundation water

Anticorrosion waterproofing is the most common type of moisture protection, which can be easily accomplished with your own hands. Such waterproofing can be applied in various ways: pasting, painting, impregnation and other methods.

Depending on the type of location, there are two types of anti-corrosion waterproofing: horizontal and vertical.

Horizontal

Horizontal waterproofing is protected from moisture penetration into the building itself

It is designed to protect the foundation walls from capillary absorption. As a rule, two, independent of the horizontal insulation systems, are created: the first under the basement and the second - on top of the basement plates in the main reference points.

Vertical

The main task of vertical waterproofing is the protection of the foundation from groundwater

It is located from the sole of the foundation to the level of splashing of rainwater. The method of application and the thickness of such waterproofing is determined even before the construction of the foundation.

Water-repellent materials

Modern waterproofing foundation can be performed using various materials.

Consider the most popular of them.

Bituminous mastic or, as it is also called, bituminous resin, is the most common and cheap material for waterproofing. The technology of applying mastic belongs to the coating methods of waterproofing. 7 parts of the resin and 3 parts of the spent engine oil are placed in the metal capacity of the large size. Under the tank, the fire is bred and heated the mixture until the formation of a homogeneous mass. After that, with the help of a brush or roller, the solution is applied to the surface of the foundation.

The method of applying bitumen mastic is practically no different from ordinary painting

Note that hot resin can cause serious burns! When working, be sure to follow the safety rules!

Hot mastic not only covers the foundation from above, but also penetrates the pores of concrete, providing a rather good level of moisture protection.

Rolled materials

This category includes several types of materials. All of them are the foundation that can be folded into the roll (hence the name), with a waterproofing layer applied to it. Rolled materials can be used both independently and in combination with other water repellent means.

The most common rolled materials is runneroid. It is quite convenient for use and is relatively low cost. To fasten the runner on the walls of the foundation, it is enough to warm it up and applied to the surface of the ribbon.

The most reliable way to lay a rubberoid is to press

Rubite materials can also be attributed to rubitex, technolast, glassizol, hydrohoteloisol and others. Unlike Ruberoid, the basis of which is a building cardboard, these materials are made on the basis of polyester, which significantly improves their quality, but it makes more expensive.

This material is very simple to apply on any surface using a roller or brush. It is characterized by excellent water repellent properties and, importantly, absolutely not a fuel. In addition, liquid rubber allows you to make a layer of waterproofing seamless, which undoubtedly improves the characteristics of the coating.

Liquid rubber is applied using a spray gun

Plastering and screen insulation

Such formulations allow you to simultaneously align the surface and make it moisture-resistant. The principle of operation with plaster waterproofing is practically no different from the process of applying ordinary plaster.

Application of plaster waterproofing is almost no different from applying ordinary plaster

The only difference is that the on-screen insulation includes water-repellent components, such as hydropetone, polymer concrete and asphalt masts.

Modern waterproofing material that can be attributed to rolled. True, in contrast to them, mats on both sides have the basis of polypropylene geotextile material. There is a layer of special granules between the base layers. When contacting water, the granules swell, forming a dense water-repellent gel.

Between the two protective layers of the granules, which, after contact with water, are converted into a water-repellent gel

Photo Gallery: Waterproofing Materials

Foundation with ready-made waterproofing from bentonite mats One of the most common materials for waterproofing - bituminous mastic Liquid rubber sold in the same banks as bituminous mastic
After applying, the liquid tires forms a solid waterproof layer Polyester Rolled Waterproofing Universal material suitable for both horizontal and vertical waterproofing
One of the most reliable and durable waterproofing types - concrete mats Plaster waterproofing can be applied as a spatula and a conventional brush-Maclavice

Comparison of materials

In order for you easier to compare all the "pros" and "minuses" of various materials we combined them in the table.

Table "Characteristics of materials for waterproofing"

Material	Dignity	disadvantages	Cost
	Suitable for any types of foundation. The ability to completely apply waterproofing alone.	The coating is holding no more than five years.	One of the cheapest waterproofing options.
Rolled waterproofing	Universal material suitable for both horizontal and vertical waterproofing.	The need to preliminary surface preparation.	Wide price range - from low (rubberoid) to high (technoelast, glassizole).
	Reliable waterproofing material with a high service life.	A rather complicated application technology. The need for preparatory work.	The average price category.
Plaster isolation	The ability to not prepare the surface.	Need to use an additional waterproofing layer.	The average category, but at the expense of savings on preparatory work can be attributed to low.
	One of the most reliable and durable materials.	Hardly ever.	High price category.

Waterproofing of various types of foundation with their own hands

Monolithic (slab) foundation

Monolithic foundation with finished vertical waterproofing made by the coating method

Monolithic construction in recent years becomes the most popular, therefore we will begin to consider waterproofing technologies from the monolithic foundation. Since the method of water protection of this foundation is practically no different from the protection of the slab, we combine them into one section. The only difference is that components that increase its water repellent properties can be added to the monolithic foundation at the fill stage.

Waterproofing of the monolithic foundation begins with the "pillows". Which, as a rule, is made from a bulk material (sand, gravel or rubble), covered with a water-repellent layer. The walls and the top of the foundation can be protected both rolled and coating waterproofing material.

It is more preferable to use the coating material, since it penetrates the pores of concrete, provides a higher level of protection of the foundation from moisture.

If the waterproofing is carried out by roll materials, they need to be placed at least two layers, with flax seams 10-15 centimeters.

When waterproofing the national foundation, special attention should be paid to the joints and seams

Waterproofing of the ribbon foundation has a number of features. It is also possible to perform it using both coating and rolled materials. At the same time, it is not necessary to forget about the waterproofing of the heads of the plates, as well as that before applying the waterproofing material, it is necessary to thoroughly close all the joints between the plates and the recess and irregularities that appeared during laying.

Putting the seams necessarily in all cases, except for those when plaster waterproofing is used as the first water repellent layer.

Foundation columnal

In this case, a coating method of waterproofing was used

It is a row of supports located in the corners of the walls of the building, as well as points of their intersection.

Waterproofing of a column foundation is a rather complicated process. For this purpose, it is best to use the combined waterproofing of a bulk and coating type. That is, during the fill to formwork, the foundation should be filled with special water-repellent mixtures, and after hardening, the surface of the piles of the coating mastic should be treated.

When choosing a mastic, it is worth a preference to the material with a penetrating effect.

Video: Installation and waterproofing of a column foundation

When waterproofing the foundation of the bath, special attention is paid to the horizontal layer.

Waterproofing the foundation of the bath requires a special approach. First, when it is laying it is desirable to lay down three layers of rubberoid or other rolled material, and secondly, you should not forget about high-quality waterproofing of the lower log cabin. For this purpose, special mastic and antiseptics can be used, but it is necessary to apply them at least twice as thick than during the construction of an ordinary wooden house.

Waterproofing foundation - the process is quite complex and expensive. But in no case cannot save on it, because in this case you risk not only to get a "unhealthy" atmosphere in your home, but also to jeopardize its reliability. Good luck to you!

Born in 1977 in the city of Donetsk, Ukraine. He graduated from the Donetsk Polytechnic Institute (now DongTU) with specialty automated control systems. He worked on the Donetsk Metallurgical Plant. In 1997 he moved to Moscow, where for the age of 8 worked in several construction teams.