Bonsai - Chinese Hibiscus (Chinese rose). Stamp tree or bonsai: photos and all the nuances of growing hibiscus Transplant: step by step instructions

Chinese hibiscus (Chinese rose)
Hibiscus is one of the most beloved indoor plants due to its numerous varieties with attractive, varied flowers in luminous colors. Shiny dark green leaves advantageously set off flowers that last only one day, but new ones appear to replace them. The colors range from red, orange to yellow and white. Hibiscus, which grows as a shrub in all tropical regions, is widely famous, comes from Southeast Asia, China. Because of its tangentially large leaves, Chinese hibiscus is extremely rare in bonsai. The main condition for the formation of a bonsai: the final height of the tree is not less than 40 cm. The formed bonsai does not go on sale.

Hibiscus chooses warm, rather clear, but not very sunny places. It hibernates in a bright place at a temperature of 14-16 degrees, which favorably affects the upcoming flowering, however, it can grow at a temperature of about 20 degrees. During the growth period, it must be watered regularly, preventing the roots from drying out. In heated rooms, it is necessary to monitor the humidity of the air. This plant can react to a change of place with a sharp change in lighting or humidity by dropping foliage and flowers. Hibiscus needs abundant watering in summer and moderate watering in winter. It is impossible to allow the earthen coma to dry out. A plant overwintering at a higher temperature needs frequent spraying. From the beginning of the growing season to mid-September, it should be fed weekly with organic and mineral fertilizers alternately. The hibiscus is transplanted annually into a nutrient mixture, consisting of sod, deciduous soil and sand in equal parts and -x parts of humus soil.

Hibiscus chinese it is quite difficult to form education, because its branches very quickly become tough and thick. In addition, they do not branch very powerfully. Young shoots are allowed to form in the desired direction with extreme caution, using wire. Older branches are installed with the support of tensioners. When the shoots reach a length of 10-20 cm, they are shortened to one to 3 leaves. With the formation of young plants in the first years, it is allowed to abandon flowering in favor of a more harmonious formation of the crown. In mature bonsai, short shoots are cut after flowering. The plant propagates by cuttings. The cut shoots are rooted in water or soil, covered with a glass bulb. Cuttings take root in 22-28 days, and young plants bloom one year after transplanting. May be affected by whiteflies, aphids and spider mites.

In the art of bonsai, I am attracted to the cultivation of trees in miniature. And most of all "correct" spherical shapes on the trunk. But there was nothing to form and I went to the "Center of the Gardener" for seeds. After reading what you can get a gorgeous crown, I decided on hibiscus (Chinese rose). The shop sells GAVRISH seeds in packs of three. The price is around 150 rubles. Joy knew no bounds! Planted in April. Seed germination 100%! But I left myself one.

The taming of the shrew ... how to form an even trunk?

The little hibiscus began to "educate" right away: she tied him to a wooden stick, as soon as he outgrew this stick, I found him another, longer one. Tied with a woolen thread. Carefully! Need to check frequently to see if the rope has sunk in? Otherwise, there will be ugly scars on the trunk. While the plant is young, it is easy to bend it or, as in our case, to straighten it. You constantly need to turn the pot, the hibiscus loves the sun and reaches for it ...

I don't know why, but hibiscus grown from seeds has light green foliage ... Maybe it's still too young? The photo shows a 5-month-old specimen. By the way, the Chinese rose is growing by leaps and bounds! As planned, there should be a long straight trunk, the top of which is decorated with a fluffy spherical crown. I wanted a tree at least 40 cm in height. Over the summer, my bole reached the required height and it was time to "cut" it, cutting off the top of its head at the required level.

Gradually, I cut off leaves and new unnecessary branches, exposing an even trunk. Meanwhile, the top began to grow twigs and leaves. Remember to turn the pot to form a symmetrical crown. Watering in the summer was frequent and abundant, otherwise the leaves would dry and fall off. I applied a fertilizer for bright foliage every 2 weeks ("Florika" for decorative foliage plants. I bought one of the most inexpensive "trial" bottles in the gardener's center).

It's September now, I'm happy with the result of the work done! Of course, I would like a fluffier crown than it is now, but still ahead ...

In the meantime, I took the scion ...

After 100% rooting, I planted it in a small clay pot and began to shape it, but already around the support. For six months it did not grow much, but it began to bloom !!

As soon as I saw the bud, I was even delighted, they promised me pink, but it seemed to be yellowish)) But it was not there !!!

Hibiscus is a common houseplant. In order for a flower to become a worthy decoration of a home, it must be properly looked after. One of the important stages is the formation of the crown. At the same time, pruning of indoor hibiscus should be carried out on time and in an appropriate manner.

Pruning and crown shaping is carried out annually in the spring. The flower needs pruning in the fall, after flowering. Otherwise, the side branches will not grow, which means there will be no new flowers. The more often you prune, the thicker the crown will be and the more the hibiscus will bloom. But in the summer, it is not recommended to engage in crown formation.

So, why do you need to cut indoor hibiscus? There are several reasons why this procedure is performed:

Over time, some new branches can deform and spoil the overall appearance. To avoid this, the flower must be formed by ourselves, and not allowed to grow as it wants.
If only old shoots grow on a bush, it will have a meager crown. Pruning old branches allows new branches to be born. True, during this period, hibiscus may not bloom, because all its strength will go to the renewal of greenery. But after a while the plant will have a lush crown and beautiful flowers.
Pruning indoor hibiscus will rejuvenate the plant.
It is also necessary to prune the plant for sanitary purposes in order to remove damaged shoots.
Pruned hibiscus blooms more abundantly and develops better.

Sometimes hibiscus needs not only crown formation, but also root pruning. But this must be done very carefully and only if absolutely necessary, when the roots do not fit into the pot.

Features of crown formation

How to prune hibiscus correctly to get the right shape? There are two ways to form a crown: in the first case, we get a spreading crown, in the second - a horizontal one. The formation of hibiscus allows you to have a lush crown and a flowering slender tree. How to make a shaping haircut? You can choose the shape based on personal preferences or in accordance with the design of the room.

The procedure is carried out with ordinary scissors, since the hibiscus branches are thin. When forming the crown, cut off the shoots growing parallel to the branches. When the central branch is trimmed, the lateral shoots develop into full stems. Only the kidneys at the bottom can be left, and the central part is removed. If you want to make the crown lush, then choose an area that is one third above the leaf, which is facing outward, and cut it off.

To form new buds and increase the number of young shoots, when shoots appear, starting from the third generation, several buds are cut off, shortening the branches. Pruning is performed both in the spring and in the fall after a violent flowering. The plant perfectly tolerates all types of pruning, so you can bring all your ideas to life.

How to prune hibiscus? The stem is popular. This appearance makes the hibiscus even more spectacular. Forming a stem at home with your own hands is not an easy task. But if you follow all the instructions and carry out competent care at home, then it is quite possible to get an exquisite standard tree with a straight trunk and a spherical crown. Some professionals can create hibiscus bonsai - cute miniature trees.

How to pinch hibiscus

Pinching of young shoots will benefit the plant. It is advisable to carry out the procedure in early spring. First, the central shoot should be tied to a bamboo stick or some other solid object that will serve as a support. Next, we will deal with the thickening of the trunk. To do this, cut off all the processes that grow on the side to the remaining 5 leaves.

The time has come for active feeding with nitrogen fertilizers. When the plant reaches the planned height, we pinch the top, leaving six leaves - this is how we form the crown. To get new branches, it must be pruned with consistency. Be sure to get rid of young twigs that are parallel to the main bush.

Video "Transplanting and pruning hibiscus"

In this video, you will learn how to transplant and prune hibiscus in spring.

Treelike hibiscus is characterized by its ability to form a solid trunk. The most popular varieties for outdoor cultivation are lavender chiffon and Duc de Brabant. Both are a variety of the Syrian hibiscus that thrives outdoors and can easily endure winter with proper care. We talked about what other types and varieties of hibiscus are there.

Photo

Here you can see a photo of a tree-like hibiscus:

Care in the garden

If you create comfortable conditions for a tree-like hibiscus, it can live up to 15 years.

Temperature

Hibiscus is native to tropical countries, so it copes well with high temperatures. For flowering, its optimal value will be 20-25 0 С, and in the cold season, garden hibiscus feels comfortable at temperatures down to -5-10 0 C. Lower values can destroy the plant.

Important! Sudden temperature changes should not be allowed. To prevent this from happening, planting or transferring hibiscus to the street should be when the danger of frost is gone.

Watering

Hibiscus can tolerate drought, but this can have a negative effect on flowering. The optimal watering regime will be once every 2-3 days, however, in especially arid regions in summer, this may be needed daily. In case of drought, the leaves of the plant can be moistened with a spray bottle, but you should not do this when the sun is at its zenith, otherwise the leaves may burn.

Lighting

Hibiscus loves good lighting. In the shade, it can slow down growth and stop blooming. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that there are no strong winds and drafts at the place of growth of the tree.

Priming

The soil must be well-drained and fertile. When planting a tree on a site, you can add to the planting hole:

Drainage layer 15 cm.
Sand 10 cm.
Compost 15 cm.
Sand again, 15 cm.

The size of the planting hole should be 2 times the size of the root system.

Pruning

Formative pruning should be done in the spring. In this case, you can cut off up to 1/3 of the length of the shoots, new ones will quickly appear in their place.

It is also worth pruning in preparation for winter. However, at this time, it is enough to simply cut the flower stalks, seed pods and shorten the shoots.

Top dressing

The plant must be fed with phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers once every 10-14 days, especially during the flowering period. Starting in September, you can prepare the plant for wintering. and add potash to his diet.

Pot

If you want to plant hibiscus in a pot, you need to choose a fairly spacious container at the rate of 0.5 m 2 of soil per adult plant. Good drainage is essential.

Wintering

Reference. Hybrid varieties of hibiscus can withstand frosts down to -30 0 C.

However, when the winter is long, it needs to be covered. If the plant is young, it is better to transplant it into a pot and completely remove it indoors until spring.

Transplant: step by step instructions

A young plant can be transplanted as needed, and an adult tree does not need it at all. It is enough to loosen the soil and change its top layer. If a transplant is needed, it can be done in early spring:

Trim branches to about a third or even half the length.
Moisten the soil.
Gently remove the root system. You can pry it off with a shovel so as not to injure the roots.
Examine the roots, if necessary, remove dead or diseased ones.
Put in a new place.

Bonsai

It is believed that hibiscus is not suitable for growing bonsai. The main reasons: very large leaves, and fragile branches that are easy to break when working. However, it is unpretentious in maintenance, affordable and grows quite quickly, which makes it popular for bonsai despite these disadvantages.

For bonsai, almost any type of decorative tree-like hibiscus can be suitable, but dissected petals are also particularly popular.

How to care?

Hibiscus loves lit places. You can put it on the south or west window. In this case, it is important that the tree does not stand in a draft.

Hibiscus does not like stagnant moisture at the roots, and if grown in bonsai form, this becomes even more important. Excessive moisture will lead to root rot and death of the plant. However, overdrying of the soil should not be allowed.

In winter, a temperature of about 12-14 0 C will be comfortable for hibiscus. During the flowering period, its value should be about 20-25 0 C.

Reproduction

Hibiscus can be propagated in several ways: by cuttings, dividing the bush, or by seed.

Cuttings

This is the most popular method as it is fairly simple and the results are consistent. The best time for him is summer.

Take an apical or slightly green branch.
Count at least 3-5 leaves and make an oblique cut slightly above the sheet.
Cut off the lower leaves and peduncle on the handle.
Root in substrate or water. If rooted in water, the container should be opaque. In the substrate, the cutting will take root faster and give stronger roots.

Important! For any type of rooting, the cutting should be covered with a small greenhouse. A plastic bag or bottle is suitable for this. The main thing is that the walls of the greenhouse do not touch the leaves of the cutting.

Seeds

This method does not give such consistent results, but it is good for growing hibiscus obtained by pollination of parental hybrid plants.

Prepare the soil: mix humus and river sand in equal parts.
Spread the seeds over the surface and sprinkle them with a layer of soil approximately 1.5 cm thick.
Cover with glass and water the soil as it dries.

The optimum temperature for germinating seeds is 20 0 C. You can dive the seedlings when the first true leaf appears.

By dividing the bush

This method is quite simple and will help to rejuvenate the existing plant. Suitable for shrubbery.

Dig up a bush.
Split the root system. Leave growth points on each part.
Cover with foam and leave at a temperature of 18-20 0 С.
After a month, you can land on a permanent place.

Briefly about diseases and pests

The most common pests of hibiscus are aphids, spider mites, whiteflies and worms. To prevent them from infecting the plant, you need to periodically wash it with warm water and humidify the air in the room. If this does happen, the plant must be treated and the damaged shoots removed.

Hibiscus may have buds or leaves turn yellow. This usually happens from improper care. Most likely, the soil in the pot is dry or insufficiently fertilized. Also, a sudden change in temperature can be the cause.

Hibiscus blooms throughout the summer. Each flower opens only for a day, but the next day a new one will appear. Treelike hibiscus is unpretentious and is able to take on various forms under the close attention of the grower. It can be a standard tree or an interesting bonsai in an apartment. The main thing is to follow the basic rules of care.

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