Winch do it yourself - simple ways of manufacture. Manual Tal - how to feel like titanium? Hand telfer do it yourself

The winch is one of the oldest devices that facilitate the movement of gravity, invented by man much earlier than he learned the laws of physics. The principle of the winch is based on the ruler of the lever: attaching minor efforts to the handle can move and raise pretty heavy items. Winches and Tali are widely used in the household to raise building materials, dragging goods and even for plowing land. Winches running from a manual or electrical drive are also indispensable for lovers of roads off-road.

Buy winch or make it yourself? What kind of winch design is better? Answers to these questions depend on how often you are going to use it, what cargo move. Hand-drive winches require the application of force, but do not depend on the availability of electricity. The electrician winch can move the goods with a lot of weightless efforts on your part, but it must be connected to a network or battery. Below are the designs of several winches, which can be made with your own hands, which winch to choose is to solve you.

Cable winch and pieces

A variant of the simplest winch, which can be literally made from undergraduate materials and in a few minutes, is popular with car enthusiasts. This design is a cable that is rigidly fixed on the cutting of the pipe, put on the axis. The axis is driven into the ground or fastened by another way. Under the lower round of the cable, any lever is applied: the cuttings from the shovel, the pipe, a durable pole. Rotating the lever so that the cable is wound on the pipe, you can move a sufficiently heavy item, for example, a stuck car. This device cannot be called a full-fledged winch, but its functions it performs.

Hand winch include any devices that allow you to move cargoes and having a manual drive. The most commonly occurring drum winches: a cable is wound on the coil, and the rotation of the coil is carried out using a handle through a gear transmission: a worm or system of stars of different sizes. The greater the gear ratio of the gearbox, the less effort is required to apply to the handle.

For efficient operation, the manual winch should be rigidly fixed on the stationary object, for this, the fastening holes are performed on the frame. The handle is connected to the shaft on which a small asterisk is rigidly fixed. The coil is rigidly connected to a large asterisk having a clutch with a small. The cable is fixed with one end to the coil, the carabiner or hook trailers.

Winch with manual or electric driven hand

In the presence of skills to work with the welding machine, you can make a winch independently of the girlfriend.

You will need:

Pipe rectangular section for frame execution;
Tube or finished shaft for drum;
Sheet metal for drum discs, thickness 3 mm;
Studs with M10-M12 threads with a length of 24 cm - 6 pieces, nuts;
Tube with diameter Ø14 - 6 identical segments 20 cm;
Big and small asterisk and chain;
Hubs for fastening the drum on the shaft and for fastening the shaft to the frame;
Lever for manual drive, gasoline or electric motor operating from a network ~ 220 V or car battery;
Cable of the right length with carbine at the end;
Welding machine and electrodes;
Bulgarian with cutting and grinding disc;
Paint and primer for metal;

Set of wrenches.

Winch manufacturing technology:

According to the drawing, the grinder cut the pipe of the rectangular cross section 20x20 mm for the frame. All compounds performed perpendicularly are obtained by trimming blanks at an angle of 45 degrees.
Lay out blanks on a flat surface. Welded the winch frame with the welding machine pointing at the place of connection of the billets. Check the perpendicularity of the angles and the correspondence of the sizes, after which the seams are fulfilled. We weld the sheet of sheet metal with longitudinal grooves for fastening the drive motor. Remove the scale and burr a grinding circle of the grinder.
The frame is sanded, covered it with primer in metal, and after drying - paint or enamel in two layers.
Embed to the manufacture of a drum. Two circles of the same diameter are cut out of the sheet metal - about 30 cm. In the center of each circle, the hole is drilled along the shaft diameter, six holes are also performed at a distance of 7-8 cm from the center. Call holes for fastening hubs - 4 on each disk. Fasten the hubs on the bolted connection. Basin the drum discs using studs: fix each stud in one disk, they put on her tube Ø14, after which they wear a second disk on the studs and tighten on nuts and lock nuts.
The drum is attached to the shaft. The shaft can be made of a metal pipe of a suitable diameter or use the finished shaft from high-strength steel from any mechanism. On the shaft from the outside of the drum, a large asterisk is fixed - you can use a sprocket from a motorcycle gearbox, for example. On the protruding parts of the shaft, the hubs are installed to fix the drum on the frame.
Install the drum with a shaft on the frame, fixing them with the help of external hubs and bolts. The electric or gasoline engine is installed on the platform with a small asterisk rigid on the outlet shaft. The chain is worn and adjust its tension, moving the electric motor on the site in rectangular fastening grooves to the optimal position. The chain should not be saved, but too strong tension undesirable - the wear of the stars will increase, the chain rupture can also occur. You can check the chain tension, twisting the drum with your hands - it should not restrain the rotation of the drum when unwinding the cable.
Wash the cable to the drum, consolidating its end on the shaft. The second end of the cable is supplied with a durable carbine. For the convenience of movement, the winch is fixed on a frame with a wheeled pair using a shank.
The shank from the opposite side is intended for fastening the winch to the car. The drum in this case is recommended to close the protective casing that prevents the ingress of dirt and precipitation to the cable.
If the drive is planned to be performed by universal, then from the outer side of the shaft can be foreseen of the handle. In this case, in the absence of fuel or electricity, you can use the winch manually.

The presented winch design is simple and reliable, and although it does not have the possibility of switching a gear ratio, reverse and other auxiliary functions, the task for moving heavy loads in the horizontal plane it performs perfectly. If necessary, raise the cargo to a large height, such a winch can be used in conjunction with the manual talo or simply by throwing the cable through a solid support.

Thus, in today's lesson, we looked at the creation of a manual winch with their own hands, subscribe to our group and be aware of all the meaningful news!.

A mobile and more simple, stationary crane of the beam in the garage with their own hands is quite feasible if there is a welding machine and two days of free time. For a professional car repair shop, it is easier to buy ready-made lifting equipment.

If the need for crane is rare, then cheaper to make a simple and reliable lift yourself. Such a homemade crane easily raises weight to 800 kg, and this is enough for repair work in the garage.

In order to make a frame for a small crane of beams in the standard garage with your own hands, the following materials will be needed:

loading beam (4-4.5 meters) - the desired method depends on the height of the garage;
pipe (diameter 10-12 cm), length 2.4 meters - 2 pieces;
one square tube (10x10 cm);
corners (10x10);
manual tal and telfer;
bolts (M16) with nuts.

If you plan to build a mobile crane beam, you need four more rollers and telpher.

The order of work on making a crane frame with your own hands:

cooking the legs of the crane - the corners on both sides are needed to the dual-car pipe;
the location of the corner is at an angle of 45 degrees. A peculiar ribs are obtained, which will firmly fix the rack, which accounts for the main weight of the cargo to be transferred;
we weld on each crane rack two triangles, struts.

if the tap of the beam is mobile, then from two sides, on the bottom, on each rack on the horizontal it is necessary to weld on the roller - conventional rollers for metal containers are suitable, the furniture will not stand weight;
from above, as a crossbar, fasten the pipe along which the lifting mechanism will move;
in the center of the pipe, we weld the duct for fastening the roller along which the steel cable of the crane lifting mechanism will move.

from above of the boutique beam, we weld a piece of the square pipe (to give stiffness to the frame) - 40 cm. The pipe should perform on both sides of at least 20 cm. It turns out that the side stand is located in the middle of the crossbar stiffness pipe;
in a square tube insert the transverse pipe of the frame crossbar;
we drill through holes for fastening bolts from two sides of the square holder and in the pipe of the crossbar - you need a rigid reliable fixation from two sides of the vertical rack.

It turns out the P-shaped design of the crane frame, which is installed on the rigid legs struts, and at the top is rigidly fixed by bolts of the crossbar pipe.

Installation of a load-lifting mechanism - manual or automatic

For mechanical lifting of goods on the frame you need to install a manual tal - a worm winch and cable. How to fix the tal on the frame:

side of the rack Install the manual worm winch (loading capacity of 800 kg, no less);
steel cable moves along rollers.

Such a mechanism makes it easy to raise a motor or a passenger car for the hood on one side.

You can take the lifting mechanism and rollers from the door of the elevator as a drive. There are rollers reliable and durable.

An electrical drive of the lift can be installed on the manufactured base. The engine for 300 - 500 W will be quite enough for simple repair work in the garage.

Such cranes are often used to repair and reconstruct old wooden houses. The construction of a chopped house will go faster if the logs are stacked with a mobile homemade crane. In this case, the width of the frame - the length of the log logs.

And you can make a simpler engine lift, on the same backup, watch the video.

The hanging tal in the garage is used as a lifting device. The equipment helps move heavy items and more convenient to repair the car. Armed with the necessary components, it is possible to collect Tal with your own hands.

A lifting bucket, which is also referred to as the telpher, can be manual or with an electric drive for automated use. For technical specifications, the equipment is a mechanism for lifting and moving various cargoes, including autoodal.

Place a moving cart is possible in any rooms, regardless of the free space and height of the ceiling. Depending on the variety of design, the load capacity can reach 10 tons. Standard Tal is able to raise goods to a height of up to 12 m. The design consists of the following items:

chain polyspaster consisting of several blocks interconnected;
cylindrical coaxial reducer;
disk braking system;
output shaft;
suspension with hook.

Where used

Lifting device is used to move goods with various dimensions and weight. It can be household appliances, metal structures and automotive spare parts. In the production facilities, the equipment is used to raise goods and lay on the upper shelves.

Manual Tal is widely used during repair and construction work when the need arises to raise instruments and heavy materials.
Tali design varieties

There are several types of designs that differ in the installation method, constructive features, a management option and other technical characteristics. Choosing a suitable version of the equipment for the garage, it is necessary to take into account the individual needs and parameters of the room.

With manual drive

Manual hoists are used to lift items for a small height. The carrying capacity of the equipment with manual drive varies in the range from 1 to 8 tons. The traction force on the lifting mechanism is 30-65 kgf, which provides a speed from 0.3 to 0.1 m / min. The mass of the design depends on the material and additional components and ranges from 50 to 400 kg.

Hand gears

Chain hoists with a gear mechanism are used to perform mounting work within a garage or in open space. Equipment management is carried out at the point of fixing the cargo. Gear models are equipped with a suspended hook, differ simplicity of installation and operation. The design features of gear telphers allow you to use them as an independent equipment or as a lifting element for cranes.

Lever

The lever with manual control is equipped with a hanging hook and can be fixed on support beams or cable. Manual principle of operation ensures independence from the presence of electricity. The design provides a locking mechanism for fixing objects in a suspended state.

Worm

Worm Tali, by analogy with other varieties, are used to lift and lower cargo. When complementing with additional elements, worm hoists can move items on the monorail path of the 2-way profile. Hanging stationary telpher on the hook can be manually either manufacture a holistic version connected to a mobile cart.

How to make a self-made manual tal: step-by-step instruction

Independently manufacturing the manual tal, it suffices to follow the step-by-step instructions. Equipment can be made by following these steps:

Privor the legs of the crane to the 2-way pipe.

Place metal corners for 45 degrees to create rigid ribs fixing the rack. The bulk of the lifted load accounts for this rack, so for more reliability it is necessary to tear the struts.

If the tal is mobile, on each rack you need to fight rollers.

On the garage ceiling, fix the pipe, along which the lifting mechanism will move.

In the center of the pipe to weld the boutique for fixing the roller mechanism.

Insert the crossbar of the frame into the tube.

Drill through holes on two sides of the holder and fix the lifting mechanism.

Tools and materials

To build a telfer, you need to pre-prepare a set of tools and components. In particular, to create Tali will be required:

a length of 4-4.5 m with a length of about 4-4.5 m (the exact length depends on the height of the ceiling in the garage);

square pipe with dimensions of 10x10 cm, 2 pipes with a diameter of 10-12 cm and 2.5 m long;

bulgarian;

metal corners 10x10 cm;

m16 bolts with nuts;

lifting mechanism.

If you plan to install a mobile hoist, you will additionally need to use 4 rollers. Accessories are used to move the trolley.

Mounting nodes

One of the important stages of the construction of a mobile design is the installation of nodes. To begin with, it is necessary to drill in the opening racks through which the threader will be stretched at the ends. On the base of the rods are fastened with washers and screwed nuts that limit the divergence of the racks. Then, on each side, the chain is fixed on the middle of the ride.

To win the winch freely, the chain should slightly sign. A block is installed on the chain with a cable passing along the middle rack and fixed from the bottom.
Activation and verification of working capacity

Before each launch and operation of Tali, it is recommended to check the performance of the main elements. The following components are subject to verification:

Chain. Since the chain is responsible for keeping the subject at height, it is important to check the load capacity. Periodic service involves cleaning the chain from dirt and lubrication with solidol or similar materials.
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Tal is a device for lifting and lowering the cargo. In addition, such a mechanism can hold the load in suspended position. Tali may have a manual or electric drive. With an electrical drive for the movement of cables, the electric motor is responsible. Manual Tal uses a chain mechanism. Such a device can be gear or lever. In this article, I will talk about the principles of the manual tali action.

The most successful solution for lifting the cargo and working with it is height is a tal manual gear. This mechanism is designed to raise and lower freights of various configurations. As it is clear from the name of this device, the mechanism is driven by manually. It does not need an energy source. Working with a manual chain talo can a person who does not have a lot of power.

The principle of the chain hoist is not very complicated. This mechanism can be used as an independent lift or in the design of the crane-beam. Tal can be mobile, lever or stationary.

To work with the stationary Talus, the operator must be directly near the cargo. Thanks to the turning casing, you can not only raise the cargo, but also to deploy to more convenient work with it.

Mobile chain hoist is attached to a foreign profile, along which it is possible to move goods in two directions in two directions with a carriage: vertical and horizontal. Such a tal that is mounted on the carriage is called telpher.

How the chain hoist works
The chain hoist consists of two blocks and perhaps between the chains. On the bottom block there is a chain asterisk, and on the upper unit there are two different in the diameter of the asterisk. It is due to the difference in the diameters of stars and a more efficient lifting of the cargo occurs.

In addition, it is not necessary to forget about the increase in the efficiency of the tali due to the block system.

Advantage of chain hoist:
Compactness;
Low weight;
Ease of use;
Lack of energy consumption;
Durability;
Relatively low cost.

About chain waists can be found on the site stropu71.ru.

Here you can also purchase rows of cable and other load-lifting mechanisms and accessories for them. The company STROYSERVIS partner for about ten years carries out the supply of lifting and geodesic equipment. In addition, the services of this company include the design and manufacture of slings and ropes of any dimensions and types.

The mechanisms of movement of talya, the carrying capacity of which is 1, 2 and 3 tons, include elements such as driven and idling truck, traverse. Through the last element, the lifting mechanism is fixed and connected to the movement node.

Trolley for the hoists are attached to the traverse with the help of the hinge fingers of the vertical type. This design provides an angle of turning the trolley in 15-18 devices.

Thanks to the hinge design (guide rollers are provided on the vertical axes), the tel with a movement mechanism is fluent in paths having a minimum radius of rounding.

Due to the low electrical engine, the mechanism of movement of the electric hoist is without difficulty overcoming the arrow transfers of small sizes.

The monorail mechanism of movement of the electric hoist is offered in normal and reduced dimensions.

The mechanisms of movement of the telly of normal dimensions are equipped with one common sidewall on each side. The engine is mounted on one of the sides by means of the flange. The connection of the engine shaft with the primary gear is implemented due to the use of a downstream console.

The tal with the mechanism of movement of a reduced dimension is characterized by another type of design. Instead of two there are 4 sidewalls (two slaves and two leading).

On devices with small lifting capacity and low lifting height, only 1 trolley is provided. The trolley is fixed hard with the frame.

For tags equipped with a pair of carts, 2 types of fastening are provided - hard (frame) and a hinge (special bolt).

Variations of fastening mechanisms of movement of electric hoists

The design of the lifting mechanism is adapted to fix the node to move the cargo along the horizontal plane. Such mechanisms are developed for monorail or double-link paths. Clamps may be the following types:

Rigid (rigorous) - for the mechanism of movement of normal dimensions. Polyspast 2/1 and 4/1. Figure 4a shows an electric hoist with one cart.

Hinged (rice 4B i) - the lifting device is not rigidly fixed near the axis and the move wheels.

Swinging or half-breeding - the lifting mechanism is swinging. In fig. 4B shows an electric hoist with two trolleys.

Unmarket 2/1 and 4/1. It is provided for tale with reduced dimensions of the movement mechanism. The lifting node is attached to the side of the railway. This design saves useful space.

The mechanism of lifting with a node of movement along a two-terminal path. Fig. 6.

In Fig. 4 shows the scheme of the movement mechanism, which includes an electric motor (2), gearbox (3), leading unit (4), Blocked Blocks (5).

The winch is an indispensable adaptation, both in the household and in the garage. Ride the roof Roll Ruberoid, to throw a couple of cement bags in the second floor window, pull out the engine from the capature space, and drag the car itself into the garage itself ... This is an incomplete list of cases that can be easily executed alone with it.

Drum type devices for lifting or movement of weights are distinguished by the method of transmitting torque. From the school year of physics, we know how the shoulder works. Losing at speed or distance - we won in strength. Phrase Archimedes: "Give me a point of support, and I will turn the earth" just describes the principle of the winch.

IMPORTANT! When working with a similar device, the points of the support is the case and the place of fastening the winch. Both items must be reliable.

The manual winch, with the help of the applied shoulder, increases the human strength so much that one operator can move cars or lift severity in several hundred kilograms. With the same (from the point of view of mechanics), the principle of operation, these devices have various ways of performance.

Manual drum winch - varieties

Manual winch with a drum is a classic genre. In addition to the general element, the pulley, which is wound with the cable, the devices have different types of drive.

A large, main gear is firmly attached to the drum. On her, and on the mount, all loads lies. Therefore, the reliability of the elements should be at the proper level. In the engagement with the main, the leading gear is located.

The ratio of the number of teeth and there is a gear ratio. Simply put - the gain coefficient. The drive gear is one with a drive shaft. Since we are talking about a manual instrument - the handle for rotation is hoping on the shaft.

The length of the lever also affects the degree of amplification. The shoulder handles are more - the less effort to attach.

With the help of such devices, you can alone raise several cargo centners or move the car weighing 2-3 tons. In this case, the rotational speed of the drum is high enough.

The design consists of two or more pairs of gears, each of which has a reinforcement coefficient to dozens of times. With consistent engagement, these coefficients are folded, repeatedly increasing the force.

The reverse side of the medal is a proportional reduction in speed. Having such a winch, you can exercise a slow vertical lifting of goods more tons, but if you have to work with two cement bags - the rise time is stretched for tens of minutes.