Homemade retro receiver. How to collect the simplest retro radio receiver do it yourself - homemade vintage radio. Lamp quarter receiver do it yourself

Project "Vintage"

The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a media center for giving was born for quite a long time. As a basis, I decided to take the old Soviet radiol. Well, pulls me on my whole Soviet, in this you can make sure you see the post with my past development.
I got a radio of the Riga plant VEF in excellent condition. And if we consider that this most radiol was 1965, the project was simply necessary to implement.

What is noteworthy, the radiol was completely working condition. And we even have a little experiment with the connection to it the electric guitar.

We start to smut. Break not to build)))

Friends came to the rescue.

They are generally not bread with bread, give only something to disassemble.

And here our device does not constitute anything more wooden box.

At first there was an idea of \u200b\u200bplacement inside car speakers and self-made / purchased amplifier, but then it was decided that it was easier and cheaper to buy a system 2.1 for which we went to a computer store.
To implement the project, the speaker system of Logitech was chosen, for the perfect price-quality ratio.

The insides will be from a very old, but working computer.

In general, the concept is built on the preservation of a fully original type with a modern filling. In my case, the appearance will differ from the original only embedded in the side wall of the phase inverter and 15 "LCD monitor on the regular location of the vinyl player.
I cut a part of the glued bar and spend a hole for the future phase inverter.

For proper seal between the radiol casing and the subwoofer, we give a rubber sealing ring. I cut it out of the plates player overlay. Despite the age of rubber very soft and elastic.

Cutting the speakers in the facade was one of the most time-consuming processes. Due to the fully glued housing, it was not possible to remove the decorative tissue. I had to make an incision in the part of the original plug closed and very carefully recovering the seats without damaging textiles.

From the outer corner purchased on the economic market, I cut the decorative lining on the monitor.

After all parts of the decorative frame were fitted, it was glued down and opened with varnish.
Meanwhile, I began to implement the management. It was completely disassembled old, but the working keyboard. With the help of an improvised tester (power supply + light), the contacts were calculated responsible for certain buttons. Because The system will work on the MediaPortal program, you need only seven buttons for control.

To help in the soldering of the so-called "I-bar" came Friend.

Determine all the buttons immediately did not come out. Of the seven buttons, only three performed the necessary actions. Twisted contacts once again and spank the buttons.
Three times I had to cut off and cross the microcopki themselves.

In the future, I transferred the scheme and buttons to another, more aesthetic lump.

Installation work with an acoustics connected to sound control.

Well, and how without it ...

Recently, a great interest in antique and retro radiotechnical equipment is manifested. The objects of collections become both copies of retro radio equipment of the 40-60s and real antique vehicles of the 10-30s of the last century. In addition to collecting original products, interest in collecting and manufacturing the so-called replicas is growing. This is a very interesting direction of amateurs creativity, but to begin with, we will explain the meaning of this term.

There are three concepts: original, copy and replica of a particular antique product. The term "original" does not need the description. A copy is a modern repetition of any antique product, up to the smallest details used by materials, structural solutions, etc. Replica is a modern product made in the style of products for those years and, if possible, with approximate constructive solutions. Accordingly, the closer the replica to the original stylistics and detail products, the more valuable.

Now there are many so-called radio investigations on sale, mainly Chinese production, decorated in the form of retro and even antique radio equipment. Unfortunately, upon closer examination, it is clear that its value is small. Plastic handles, painted plastic, as a case of a housing - an estimated MDF film. All this speaks of a very base product. As for their "filling", it, as a rule, is a printed circuit board with modern integral elements. Internal installation of such products in terms of quality also leaves much to be desired. The only "dignity" of these products is a low price. Therefore, they may be of interest except for those who, without going into technical subtleties or simply, without understanding them, wants to have an inexpensive "cool thing" in their office.

Alternatively, I want to present the design of the receiver, which fully meets the requirements of an interesting and high-quality replica. This is an ultra-generrative lamp VHF of the CM-receiver (Fig. 1), operating in the frequency range of 87 ... 108 MHz. It is assembled on the radiolams of the octal series, since to apply a lamp with a pin base in this design, older and suitable in style, it is not possible due to the high operating frequency of the receiver.

Fig. 1. Ultragegenerative lamp violation of the FM receiver

Bronze terminals, control knobs and brass nameplates are an accurate copy of those used in the products of the 20s of the last century. Some elements of fittings and design are original. All receiver radiolms are open, except the screens. All inscriptions are performed in German. The receiver body is made of a beech array. Installation, with the exception of some high-frequency nodes, is also made in style as close as possible to the original.
A power switch (EIN / AUS), a frequency setting knob (FREQ. EINST), frequency scale with an arrow pointer setting is displayed on the front panel of the receiver. The volume controller (LAUTST.) - Right and sensitivity control (EMPF) - left. Also, the upper panel is the arrow voltmeter, the backlight of the scale of which is the indication of the power supply of the receiver. On the left side of the housing there are terminals for connecting antenna (ANTENNE), and on the right - terminals to connect an external classical or clip loudspeaker (Lautsprecher).

Immediately, I want to note that a further description of the receiver device, despite the presence of drawings of all parts, is familiarized, since the repetition of such a design is available to experimental radio amateurs, and also assumes the presence of a certain tree and metalworking equipment. In addition, not all elements are standard and purchased. As a result, some installation dimensions may differ from the drawings given in the drawings, as they depend on those elements that will be available. The same one who wants to repeat this receiver "one to one" and who will need more detailed information about the design of certain parts, on the assembly and installation, the drawings are offered, and the ability to ask a question directly to the author.

The diagram of the receiver is shown in Fig. 2. Antenna input is designed to connect a symmetric cable to reduce the VHF antenna. The output is designed to connect a loudspeaker with a resistance of 4-8 Ohm. The receiver is assembled according to the 1-V-2 scheme and contains an UHF on a VL1 penter, a superderegular detector and a preliminary knob on a double triode VL3, the terminal closure on the VL6 pentode and the power supply on the T1 transformer with the rectifier on the VL2 kenotron transformer. Eating a receiver from a network of 230 V.

Fig. 2. Scheme of the receiver

UHF is a band amplifier with a separated circuit setting. His tasks - the strengthening of high-frequency oscillations coming from the antennas, and prevent penetration and radiation on the ether of their own high-frequency oscillations of the ultra-generrative detector. UHF is assembled on a high-frequency penter 6AC7 (analog - 6zh4). The connection of the antenna with the L2C1 input circuit is carried out using the L1 communication coil. Cascade input resistance - 300 ohms. The input circuit in the VL1 lamp grid circuit is configured to a frequency of 90 MHz. The setting is carried out by the selection of the C1 condenser. The L3C4 circuit in the VL1 lamp anode circuit is set to 105 MHz. The setting is made by the selection of C4 condenser. With such an adjustment of the contours, the maximum increase in UHF is about 15 dB, and the non-uniformity of the frequency response in the frequency range of 87 ... 108 MHz is about 6 dB. Communication with a subsequent cascade (ultra-generrative detector) is carried out using the L4 communication coil. Using a variable resistor R3, you can change the voltage on the screen grid of the VL1 lamp from 150 to 20 V and thereby change the turning coefficient of UVF from 15 to -20 dB. The R1 resistor serves to automatically form a displacement voltage (2 V). CONDENSER C2, shunting resistor R1, eliminates the feedback on the variable current. Capacitors C3, C5 and C6 - blocking. Voltages on the outputs of the VL1 lamp are indicated for the top of the R3 resistor engine position.

Overhead detector Collected on the left half of the double trigger VL3 6SN7 (analog - 6N8C). The circuit of the ultra-generorator is formed by the inductance of the inductance L7 and CONDENSERS C10 and C11. A variable capacitor C10 is used to restructure the contour in the range of 87 ... 108 MHz, and the C11 condenser is for the "laying" of the boundaries of this range. In the grid circuit of the ultra-generrative detector, the so-called "gridlik" formed by the C12 capacitor and the R6 resistor are included. A selection of C12 condenser set the incision frequency of about 40 kHz. The connection of the super-generorator contour with UHF is carried out using the L5 communication coil. The supply voltage of the anodic chain of the ultrahegener is coming to the removal of the contour coil L7. Throttle L8 is a high-frequency superhegener load, throttle L6 - low. The R7 resistor together with C7 and C13 condensers form a filter in the power chain, C8, C14, C15-lock capacitors. The valve signal through the C17 condenser and the R11C20 FGH with a cutoff frequency of 10 kHz enters the input of the pre-knob.

Preliminary UZB Collected on the right (according to the scheme) half of the VL3 triode. The cathode chain includes the R9 resistor to automatically generate the offset voltage (2.2 V) on the grid and choke L10, which reduces the gain at the frequencies above 10 kHz and serves to prevent the impetus from penetrating the ultragener arrangement pulses into the terminals. From the anode of the right trio VL3 via the C16 condenser, the SC signal enters the R13 variable resistor that performs the volume control function.

The power supply provides power to the power of the receiver: A variable voltage is 6.3 V - to power the grooves of lamps, constant unstable voltage 250 V - to power the anode chains of UHF and terminal nos. The rectifier is assembled according to a two-channel scheme on the Kenotron VL2 5V4G (analog - 5c4c). Pulsation of straightened voltage smoothes filter C9L9C18. The supply voltage of the ultragenerator and the pre-knob is stabilized by a parametric stabilizer on the R14 resistor and gas-discharge stabilids VL4 and VL5 VR105 (analog - SG-3C). RC-filter R12C19 further suppresses the tension and stabilion noise pulsations.

Construction and installation. UHF elements are mounted on the main chassis of the receiver around the lamp panel. To prevent self-excitation Cascade, grid and the anode chains are separated by a brass screen. Communication coils and contour coils are frameless and mounted on textolite mounting racks (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4). Coils L1 and L4 are wound with silver plated wire with a diameter of 2 mm on a mandrel with a diameter of 12 mm with a pitch of 3 mm.

Fig. 3. Communication coils and contour coils frameless, mounted on textolite mounting racks

Fig. 4. Communication coils and contour coils frameless, mounted on textolite mounting racks

L1 contains 6 turns with a tap in the middle, and L4 - 3 turns. The contour coils L2 (6 turns) and L3 (7 turns) are wound by silver-free wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm on a mandrel with a diameter of 5.5 mm, the winding step is 1.5 mm. There are contour coils inside the coils of communication.

The VL1 lamp on the VL1 screen voltage controls the arrow voltmeter located on the top panel of the receiver. The voltmeter is implemented on a milliammeter with a current of the total deviation of 2.5 mA and the addition resistor R5. Superminiature lights of the illumination of the EL1 and EL2 scale (CMN6,3-20-2) are placed inside the milliammeter housing.

Fig. 5. Elements of an ultra-generrative detector and preliminary knots mounted in a separate shielded block

Elements of the ultra-generrative detector and preliminary use are mounted in a separate shielded unit (Fig. 5) using standard mounting racks (CM-10-3). The capacitor of the C10 container variable (1kpvm-2) is fixed on the block wall using glue and the textolite sleeve. Capacitors C7, C8, C14 and C15 passing series KTP. Throttle L6 is connected through C7 and C8 capacitors. The supply voltage into the shielded block enters through the C15 condenser, and the heat voltage is through the C14 condenser. Oxyid condenser C19 - K50-7, choke L8 - DPM2.4. The L6 choke is homemade, it is wound in two sections on the Magnetic pipeline of the CH14X20 and contains 2x8000 turns of the PTTV-2 wire 0.06. Since the throttle is sensitive to electromagnetic tips (in particular, from the elements of the power supply), it is mounted on a steel plate above the UHF (Fig. 6) and is closed with a steel screen. It is connected by shielded wires. The overall is connected to the superheger block housing. For the manufacture of choke L10, an armored magnetic power engine SB-12a permeability is used, the winding is wound on its frame - 180 turns of the PELSHO wire 0.06. The coils L5 and L7 are wound with silver-free wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm with a pitch of 1.5 mm, on a 10 mm dia-meter ribbed, which is glued with the use of a textolite sleeve into the hole of the tube panel. The inductance coil L7 contains 6 turns with a tap from 3.5 turns, counting from the top according to the output scheme, the communication coil L5 - 1, 5 turns.

Fig. 6. Throttle, mounted on a steel plate above UHF

The shielded block is fixed on the main chassis of the receiver using a threaded flange. The compound of the C16 condenser and the R13 resistor is made by shielded wire with a grounding of the shielding strip near the R13 resistor. The rotation of the Rotor capacitor C10 is carried out using the textolite axis. To ensure the necessary strength and wear resistance of the slot joint of the axis and the C10 condenser in the axis, the axis was made, into which the plate made of fiberglass is pasted. One end of the plate is sharpened so that it is tightly included in the C10 condenser slot. The fixation of the axis and clamping it to the condenser slot is carried out using a spring washer, laid between the bracket sleeve and the slave pulley fixed on the axis (Fig. 7).

Fig. 7. Shielded block

The venier is assembled on two brackets, fixed on the front wall of the shielded superregreen unit (Fig. 8). Brackets or can be made independently, according to the accompanying drawings, or use a standard aluminum profile with minor modifications. For transmission of rotation, a kapron thread with a diameter of 1.5 mm is applied. You can apply a "harsh" shoe thread of the same diameter. One end of the threads are fixed directly on one of the pins of the slave pulley, and the other on the other pin through the stretch spring. In the duct of the leading axis of the venier, three threads are made. The slave shifting on the axis so that in the middle position of the C10 C10 the end hole for the thread was diametrically opposite to the leading venier axis. On both axes, extension nozzles fixed on them with locking screws. On the nozzle of the master axis, the frequency setting knob is installed, and on the nozzle driven - the arrow indicator of the scale.

Fig. 8. VERNER

Most elements of the terminal knob are mounted on the outputs of the tube panel and mounting racks. The output transformer T2 (TWZ-19) is mounted on an additional chassis and oriented at an angle of 90 o relative to the magnetic pipeline of the L9 power supply unit. The connection of the control grid of the VL6 lamp with the R13 resistor engine is made by a shielded wire with a grounding of the shielding strip near this resistor. Oxyad condenser C21 - K50-7.

Power supply (except for elements L9, R12 and R14, which are fixed on an additional chassis) mounted on the main chassis of the receiver. Choke L9 Unified - D31-5-0.14, C9 Condenser - MBGO-2 with fastening flanges, C18 oxide capacitors, C19 - K50-7. For the manufacture of a T1 transformer with an overall capacity of 60 Vs, a magnetic circuit C20x40 is applied. The transformer is equipped with metal stamped covers. On the top cover, the VL2 kentron panel is installed together with a brass decorative nozzle (Fig. 9). A mounting block is installed on the bottom cover, where the necessary conclusions of the transformer winding and the withdrawal of the keenotron cathode are displayed. The power transformer is fastened to the main chassis with studs, tightening its magnetic circuit. Nuts of studs are four threaded racks on which an additional chassis is fixed (Fig. 10).

Fig. 9. Kenotron VL2 panel along with brass decorative nozzle

Fig. 10. Additional chassis

All installation of the receiver (Fig. 11) is carried out by a copper single-core wire with a diameter of 1.5 mm, placed in a closed lacquered tube of various colors. Its ends are fixed with the help of a caprony thread or segments of a heat shrinkable tube. The mounting wires assembled into the harvesters are combined with copper brackets.

Fig. 11. Mounted Receiver

Before installation, the T1 transformer and C13, C18, C19 and C21 condensers are painted from the collapse of the paint "Hammerite Hammer's Black". The power transformer is painted in an adjacent state. When painting capacitors, it is necessary to protect the lower part of their metal housing, which is adjacent to the chassis. For this, before painting capacitors, for example, fix on a thin sheet of plywood, cardboard or other suitable material. At the power transformer, before painting, it is necessary to remove the decorative brass nozzle and protect the painted tape from the paint of the kenotron panel.

The case of the receiver wooden and made from the beech array. The side walls are connected by a thickening connection with a step of 5 mm. In the front of the housing, an understatement is made to place the front panel. In the side and rear walls of the case are made rectangular holes. The outer edges of the holes are treated with the edge radius. At the inner edges of the holes are underestimated to fasten the panels. In the side holes of the case, panels are fixed with contact entrance and output terminals, and in the back - decorative grid. The upper and lower parts of the housing are also made of an array of beech and processed along the edges of the edge milling mills. All wooden parts are tinted by the muril of the shade of "Moko", are primed and lacquered by professional paint and varnishes (LKM) of the company Votteler with intermediate grinding and polishing according to the instructions attached to the LCM data.

The front panel is painted with paint "Hammerite black smooth" using technology that gives a large explicitly pronounced shaggy (large spraying on a preheated surface). The front panel is fixed on the casing of the receiver brass screws-screws of the corresponding sizes with a semicircular head and a direct slot. Such brass fasteners are available in some stores selling hardware. All nameplates are custom and made on a CNC machine with laser engraving on brass plates with a thickness of 0.5 mm. They are attached to the front panel with the help of screws M2, and on a wooden panel - brass screws-screws.

After assembling the receiver and checking the installation for the presence of possible errors, you can start adjusting. This will require a high-frequency oscilloscope with an upper bounded frequency of at least 100 MHz, the capacitor container meter (from 1 PF) and, in the ideal case, the spectrum analyzer with a maximum frequency of at least 110 MHz and the output of the swing frequency generator (GCC). If there is a GCC output spectrum analyzer, it is possible to observe accomplices of the objects under study. A similar device is, for example, an X4-59 analyzer. In the absence of such a RF generator with a corresponding frequency range.

The correctly assembled receiver begins to work immediately, but requires adjustment. First check the power supply. To do this, remove the VL1, VL3 and VL6 lamps from the panels. Then, parallel to the C18 condenser is connected to the load resistor with a resistance of 6.8 com and with a capacity of at least 10 W. After turning on the power supply and warp VL2, the VL4 and VL5 gas discharge should be littered. Next measure the voltage on the C18 condenser. With an unloaded slotted winding, it must be slightly higher than the indicated in the diagram - about 260 V. On the anode of Stabilion VL4 voltage should be about 210 V. A variable voltage of the radiolmp VL1, VL3 and VL6 (in their absence) - about 7 V. If all given Above the magnitude of the voltage is normal, the power supply check can be considered complete.

The load resistor is disappeared and installed the VL1, VL3 and VL6 lamps. Sensitivity control engine (R3 resistor is installed in the upper scheme position, and the volume control (R13 resistor) is to the minimum volume position. To the output (XT3 terminals, XT4) connect the dynamic head with a resistance of 4 ... 8 ohms. After the receiving and warm-up All radiolmps check the voltages on their electrodes in accordance with specified in the diagram. With increasing volume, the rotation of the R13 resistor in the loudspeaker should be heard the characteristic high-frequency noise of operation of the overse generitor. Touching the antenna terminals should be accompanied by a noise enhancement, which indicates the good work of all the receiving cascades.

Establishment starts with an ultra-generrative detector. To do this, the screen is removed from the VL3 lamp and wind the communication coil is winding up onto its cylinder - two spikes of thin isolated mounting wire. Then set the screen back by releasing the ends of the wire through the top opening of the screen and connecting the default oscilloscope to them. With the proper operation of the overtegener, the characteristic outbreaks of high-frequency oscillations will be visible on the oscilloscope screen (Fig. 12). A selection of C12 condenser needs to achieve frequency of flashes of about 40 kHz. When rebuilding a receiver throughout the range, the frequency of the flashes should not change significantly. Then check the limit of the super-generorator rearrangement, which determines the rearrangement range of the receiver, and, if necessary, adjust it. To do this, instead of oscilloscope, the communications analyzer is connected to the ends of the communication. The selection of C11 capacitor lay the boundaries of the range - 87 and 108 MHz. If they differ very much from the above, it is necessary to change the inductance of the L7 coil. At this setting of the ultragenerrator can be considered complete.

Fig. 12. Oscilloscope testimony

After adjusting the ultragener, remove the communication coil from the VL3 lamp cylinder and switch to UHF. To do this, it is necessary to disappear wires going to the L6 choke, asam choke and the plate on which it is fixed (see Fig. 6), remove from the chassis. This will open access to the installation of UHF and the superegenerator cascade is disabled. Turning off the overall generator It is necessary that its own oscillations do not interfere with the UHF setting. To one of the extreme and average conclusions of the inductance of L1, the exit of the GCC of the spectrum analyzer (or the output of the GF generator) is connected. The L4 communication coil is connected to the spectrum analyzer or oscilloscope. It should be recalled that the connection of the instruments to the elements of the receiver must be produced by coaxial cables of minimal length, shaped on one side under the soldering. The ends of the cutting of these cables should be as short as possible and soldes directly to the outputs of the corresponding elements. Use oscillographic probe to connect devices, as is often done, it is not categorically recommended.

The compilation of the C1 capacitor set up the input Contour of the UHF to the frequency of 90 MHz, and the output contour of the selection of the C4 condenser - to the frequency of 105 MHz. It is convenient to do, replacing the corresponding capacitors with small-sized trimmed. If the spectrum analyzer is used, the setting is performed by watching the real frequency response on the analyzer screen (Fig. 13). If the RF generator and the oscilloscope are applied, first adjust the input circuit, and then the output on the maximum amplitude of the signal on the oscilloscope screen. At the end of the setting, it is necessary to carefully disappear trimmed capacitors, measure their capacity and select constant condensers with the same capacity. Then you need to re-check the frequency response Cascade of UHF. On this, the exchanger establishment can be considered complete. It is necessary to return to the place and connect the L6 choke, check the operation of the receiver in the entire frequency range.

Fig. 13. Analyzer readings

The operation of the receiver is checked by connecting the antenna to the input (terminals XT1, XT2), and the loudspeaker. It should be borne in mind that the ultraheregenic detector can take the FM signaling only on the slopes of the resonant curve of its contour, so there will be two settings for each station.

If the authentic rubber production of the 20s of the last century is supposed to use as a loudspeaker, it is connected to the output of a receiver through an increase in the voltage transformation coefficient about 10. You can do otherwise by turning on the horn cap directly into the VL6 lamp. That is how they were connected in the receivers in the 20s and 30s. To do this, the output transformer T2 is removed and replaced with the XT3 and XT4 terminals of the "Jack" slot 6 mm. The decay of the nest and the horn cord plug must be made so that the anode current of the lamp, passing through the coils of the coil of the horn, enhanced the magnetic field of its permanent magnet.

dimka853 / 03/25/2016 - 18:36
and on the throat is like that. Such a ready-made block of VHF-IP2 from the old lamp receiver. Completion from the telecision of any and the usual FM range converter on the K174PS1 to use any unch on the lamps. assemble in the same building. After cheap and angry

Today we will analyze the top 3 working schemes of lamp receivers of the KV, VHF, FM ranges. First of all, consider how to collect the simplest tube receiver. The second project is a VHF of the World Cup receiver in retro style. Through the third scheme, we collect a low-voltage lamp super-generative FM receiver without output transformer.

Lamp quarter receiver do it yourself

First consider an interesting diagram of the receiver of the range of kv. This radio receiver is very sensitive and fairly selective for receiving shortwave frequencies around the world. One half of the 6An8 lamp serves as a RF amplifier, and the other - as a regenerative receiver. The receiver is designed to work with headphones or as a tuner, followed by a separate wheel amplifier.

Receiver lamp

For the housing, take thick aluminum. Scale printed on a sheet of thick glossy paper, and then glued to the front panel. Motor data of coils are indicated in the diagram, and the diameter of the frame. Wire thickness - 0.3-0.5 mm. Winding the coil to the turn.

For the power supply of the radio, you need to find a standard transformer from any low-power lamp radiol, providing approximately 180 volts of anodic voltage at a current of 50 mA and 6.3 per gas. It is not necessary to make a rectifier with a midwater - enough ordinary pavement. Stress scatter is permissible within + -15%.

Setting and troubleshooting

Tune in to the desired station using a C5 condenser about approximately. Now the C6 capacitor is to accurately configure to the station. If your receiver does not normally receive, then either change the values \u200b\u200bof the resistors R5 and R7 forming through the R6 potentiometer an additional voltage to the 7th lamp output, or simply change the connection of contacts 3 and 4 on the feedback coil L2. The minimum antenna length will be about 3 meters. With the usual telescopic to take will be weak.

Low-voltage lamp supernegeration FM receiver without output transformer - scheme and installation

Consider a lamp structure with low anode voltage, a very simple diagram, common elements and there are no need for output transformer. And this is not a regular amplifier for headphones or some Overdrive for the guitar, but a much more interesting device.

Ultra-generrators are a very interesting variety of radio receivers, which is characterized by simplicity of schemes and good characteristics comparable to simple supergenetherodines. Sabez were extremely popular in the middle of the last century (especially in portable electronics) and they are intended primarily for receiving stations with amplitude modulation to the VHF range, but can also receive stations with frequency modulation (i.e., for the reception of those most common FM- stations).

The main element of this type of receivers is an ultragegenerative detector, which is simultaneously both the frequency detector and the radio frequency amplifier. Such an effect is achieved by applying an adjustable positive feedback. It makes no sense in detail in detail. It makes no sense in detail, since "everything is written to us" and without any problems are mastered at this link.

This scheme was taken as the basis:

After a number of experiments, the following scheme was formed on the lamp 6N23P:

This design works at once (with the right installation and a live lamp), and it gives good results even on ordinary in-ear headphones.

Now we will pass on the elements of the scheme and start with the lamp 6N23P (double triode):

To understand the correct layout of the legs of the lamp (information for those who used to do not have any lamps), you need to turn it with legs to yourself and the key down (sector without legs), then the beautiful view sector will fit the picture with the bulletp on the lamp (works and For most other lamps). As can be seen in the drawing, there are two trigger in the lamp of the whole, but we need only one. You can use any, no difference.

Now let's go according to the scheme to the left for the right. The inductance of the inductance L1 and L2 is best to wind at a common round base (mandrel), ideally a medical syringe with a diameter of 15mm is perfect for this, and L1 is desirable to wind over a cardboard tube, which moves with a slight force along the syringe case, which provides communication between coils. As an antenna to the extreme conclusion L1, a piece of wire can be soldered or soldered an antenna socket and use something more serious.

L1 and L2 It is advisable to wind with a thick wire to increase the Quality, for example, with a 1mm wire and more with a 2mm step (the special accuracy is not needed here, so you can not particularly bother with each turn). For L1, you need to wind 2 turns, and for L2 - 4-5 turns.

Next, C1 and C2 condensers are followed, which are a two-section capacitor of the variable container (KPE) with an air dielectric, it is the ideal solution for such schemes, the KPU with a solid dielectric is undesirable to be used. Probably, the KP is the most rare element of this scheme, but it is fairly easy to find in any old radio device or on flea markets, although it can be seen by two ordinary capacitors (be sure to ceramic), but then it will have to be adjusted using an improvised variometer (device for smooth change. inductance). Example KPE:

We need only two KPE sections, they must be symmetrical, i.e. Have the same container in any adjustment position. Their general accurate will serve as the contact of the movable part of the KPU.

Then the quenching chain is followed, made on the R1 resistor (2.2m) and the C3 condenser (10 PF). Their values \u200b\u200bcan be changed in small limits.

The L3 coil performs the role of an anode throttle, i.e. It is not allowed to take a high frequency further. Any throttle is suitable (not on the iron magnetic circuit) with an inductance of 100-200 μg, but it is easier to wind on the housing of the waste powerful resistor 100-200 turns of a thin copper enameled wire.

The C4 condenser serves to separate the constant component at the receiver output. Headphones or amplifier can be connected directly to it. It can vary it in fairly large limits. It is desirable that C4 is a film or paper, but with ceramic will also work with ceramic.

The R3 resistor is a conventional potentiometer on 33 kΩ, which serves to control the anode voltage than to change the lamp mode. It is necessary for a more accurate adjustment of the regime for a specific radio station. It can be replaced by a constant resistor, but it is undesirable.

On this elements ended. As you can see the scheme is very simple.

And now a little about the power and installation of the receiver.

Anodic power can be safely used from 10V to 30V (it is possible and more, but there is already a little dangerous to connect low-level equipment). The current there is quite small and the power supply of any power with the necessary voltage is suitable for nutrition, but it is desirable that it has been stabilized and has a minimum of noise.

And another prerequisite is the power of the lamp heat (in the picture with a pinout, it is designated as heaters), since it will not work without it. There are already currents needed more (300-400 mA), but voltage is only 6.3B. It is suitable as a variable 50 Hz and a constant voltage, and it can be from 5 to 7V, but it is better to use the canonical 6.3B. Personally, I did not try to use 5V on the heat, but most likely everything will work normally. The heat is fed on the legs 4 and 5.

Now about mounting. The ideal is the location of all the elements of the scheme in the metal case with the land connected to it at one point, but will work in general without the case. Since the scheme works in the VHF range, all connections in the high-frequency part of the circuit must be maximum short to ensure greater stability and quality of the device. Here is an example of the first prototype:

With this installation, everything worked. But with a metal case-chassis is a little more stable:

For such schemes, it is ideal for mounted installation, as it gives good electrical characteristics and allows you to make amendments to the scheme without much difficulty, which is not so easy and carefully and carefully. Although my installation is impossible to be neat.

Now about the setup.

After you were 100% convinced of the installation correctness, the voltage was submitted and did not explode and did not catch up - this means that most likely the scheme works if the correct items nominations are used. And you will most likely hear noise in headphones. If you do not hear the station in all positions, and you are exactly sure that you are being taken by broadcasting stations on other devices, then try changing the number of turns of the L2 coil, by this you rebuild the frequency of the contour resonance and may come to the desired range. And try to twist the handle of the variable resistor - it can also help. If nothing helps at all, you can experiment with the antenna. This completes taking.

Video on the assembly of the lamp receiver:

Purely lamp option (on the maquet level):

An option with the addition of UNG on the IC (already with chassis):

This homemade VHF receiver tried to make in the style of "retro". Front End from the car radio. Marking KSE. Next, the BC in the KIA 6040, UNG on the TDA2006, the speaker 3GD-40, in front of which the stretcher is 4-5 kHz, I do not know exactly, picked up for rumor.

Radio scheme

I don't know how to do digital setting, therefore it will be just a variable resistor, for this unit VHF enough 4.6 volts for full overlap of 87-108 MHz. Initially, I wanted to insert UNG on the P213 transistors, since the "retro" gathered and rebuilt, but he turned out to be too cumbersome, I decided not to show off.

Well, the network filter is installed, of course it does not hurt.

The right-hand indicator was not found, it was more accurate, but it was a pity to put - only 2 remained, so I decided to remake one of the unnecessary M476 (as in the ocean-209) - dispersed the arrow, made the scale.

Illumination - LED tape. Venier is assembled from details of different radio receivers, from lamps to China. The entire scale with the mechanism is removed, its housing is glued from many wooden parts, the stiffness gives the textolite to which the scale is pasted and all this is drawn to the receiver housing, along the way, additionally pressing the front panels (those with a mesh), which are also removed if desired.

Scale under glass. Handles settings from some kind of radio with landfill, tinted.

In general, the flight of fantasy. I have long wanted to try the curvature of my hands, having built something like that. And here it was just nothing to do, and trimming plywood from repair remained, and the mesh turned up.

Since ready-made corps vintage in good condition is difficult to get it - made a homemade replica, in our outstanding all the vintage has long been garages. Inspired by these photos:

Discuss a homemade radio receiver in retro style

Once upon a time we collected their first simple radio receivers at school age. Today, due to the development of modular design, it is not difficult for people to collect a digital radio receiver, extremely far from amateur radio. The design of this receiver is based on the impressive radio AWA 1935, to which the author came across the book "Deco Radio: The Most Beautiful Radios Ever Made". The author was so impressed with his design, which wanted to have its own analogue.

The design uses the Nokia 5110 LCD display to display the frequency and encoder for its choice. The volume is adjusted by the variable resistor built into the amplifier. To emphasize the design, the author also used to display information on the display font in the Art Deco style. In the Arduino code, the function of memorizing the last listened station is laid (which has been listened for more than five minutes).

Step 1: Components

Arduino Pro mini.
FTDI programmer
Module FM radio TEA5767
Speaker 3 W.
Module PAM8403 amplifier
Encoder
Nokia 5110 LCD Display
Accumulator charge and protection fee
Battery 18650.
Holder 18650.
Switch
5x7 cm Male
Connecting wires
Fabric for dynamics

First of all, if you do not have greater experience in working with Arduino, you must first collect the scheme using a careflaw. At the same time, for convenience, Arduino Nano or Uno can be used. Personally, at the layout of the schemes, I use Arduino Uno, as it is convenient to use it with a dump truck to connect the necessary components, practically without using a soldering. When you turn on the device on the screen, a few seconds should be displayed logo, after which the frequency of the last listened station is loaded from the memory of the EEPROM. By turning the encoder handle, you can customize the frequency, changing the station.

When everything works well on the layout, you can go to the main assembly using the more compact and cheap Arduino Pro mini, which, moreover, has lower consumption. But before this we'll see how everything will be located in the housing.

Step 3: Case Design

The three-dimensional model was developed in a free, but rather powerful Fusion 360 program.

Step 4: 3D printing and processing

For printing used "wooden" plastic FormFutura. This is a rather unusual plastic, whose feature is that after printing the parts are similar to the tree. However, when printing this plastic, the author faced a number of problems. Small details printed without problems, however, the housing, the largest item, was printed from the first time. When attempts to print his press, the nozzle was constantly clogged, the situation was aggravated by regular power failures, because of what the author even had to purchase a UPS for the printer. Ultimately, the housing was preparing over the unacceptable billet. Such a decision, however, is not quite a solution to the problem, only one-time output from the situation, so the question remains open. Since it didn't succeed in printed successfully, then the author decided to stick the housing, put the shpatleva for the tree and to cover the lacquer. Yes, this plastic is not just like a tree, in fact it is small wood dust, mixed with an astringent plasticizer, so that the details printed by it practically and there are wooden, and is amenable to processing methods for ordinary tree.

Step 5: Collect all together

The next step is to install electronics into the case. Since everything was already modeled in Fusion 360, there will be no problems with this. As you can see, each component has its position in the case. The first thing was planted by Arduino Pro Mini, after which the code was loaded into it. The next step is the power source. The project used a very convenient and compact WEMOS card, which is simultaneously responsible for charging the battery, its protection, as well as increases the voltage for consumers to the necessary 5 volts. Instead, you can use the usual charge and protection module, and voltage to increase the separate DC / DC converter (for example, TP4056 + MT3608).

Next, the remaining components, speaker, display, amplifier are soldered. Also, at least on the amplifier module and there are capacitors for nutrition, it is desirable to add another one (the author put on 330 Igf, but can be 1000). Quality (if 10% of books can be called quality) The sound of the PAM8403 amplifier is very much depends on the power, as well as the operation of the radio module. When all are soldered and tested, you can start the final assembly. First of all, the author glued the lattice, on top of her radio.

Push. The radio is a specific thing, and in each stall you do not sell it. However, in each store of women's needlework, you can buy such a thing as Kanva (a cluster embroidery cloth). It is worth it inexpensively and is very well suited as a replacement of radio, there can be different colors. Take the natural (non-synthetic) and with the largest cell. By the way, it is suitable for the design of this radio.

All other boards are attached to their places with thermoclause. It is possible to spit a lot on the thermocons, but for these purposes, it really is well suited, given that most modules have no holes for fastening. Although I prefer to use bilateral "car" scotch for these purposes.

Step 6: Firmware

This step was worth it to position above, as it is necessary to flash at the debug stage. The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe code is: When the encoder handle turns, the frequency is being turned when the encoder handle remains on the same position more than 1 second - this frequency is installed for the receiver FM module.

If (Currentmillis - PreviousMillis\u003e Interval) (IF (Frequency! \u003d Previous_Frequency \u003d Frequency_Frequency \u003d Frequency; Radio.SelectFrequency (Frequency); seconds \u003d 0;) ELSE

The FM radio module takes about 1 second to tune in to a new frequency, this will not be able to change the frequency in real time by turning the Handle of the Encoder, because In this case, the tincture of the receiver will be very slow.