Water heating system. Boyler of indirect heating: the principle of operation and the rules of an independent connection. Hot water supply circuit with flow water heater

Have problems with hot water? The situation will save the nozzle for the water heating - a device embedded in the kitchen or bathroom faucet and providing residents of a country house or an apartment with water with the required temperature. The compact water heater on the tap is recommended for use in cottages, which are located far from the central network of water supply. You do not need to purchase a single nozzle and the crane. In specialized stores of plumbing can already buy a flow mixer with a water heater for a kitchen or a bathroom. It is suitable for apartment buildings.

It is advantageous to install it in apartments, where for the summer period is disconnected by hot water or its temperature in the system does not correspond to the regulatory indicators. In such cases, contemporaries usually install the water heater, but the nozzle to the crane, which can be used in fact in any plumbing store, will cost 7 times cheaper. Recalls the mixer with the heater and in emergency situations. The scope of application of plumbing equipment is extensive. You can install a crane for hot water, the price of which can vary in the range from 2,900 to 5,200 rubles, in:

beauty salons and entertainment centers;
medical institutions;
cotton houses;
careci sphere institutions and so on.

Mixer installed in the house or apartment with a flow water heater will work from the mains. Heated substance takes 5-7 seconds since the opening of the crane. Depending on the model and manufacturer, the nozzle for a water heating of water can heat the substance to 60-800c. Each type of mixer provides fluid temperature adjustment. Therefore, the device for heating water to the crane can be used in apartments and homes where small children grow. Tests have shown that the plumbing equipment of this class is as securely as possible and safely. This is how the Chinese manufacturer's device for a washbasin looks like.

Advantages of portable heaters

Universality.

In most cases, electric tap for water, the price of which depends on the manufacturer, buy for country houses. Users consider in this case the installation of such a device is a profitable solution. In other cases, electric taps are considered to be excesses. This opinion is not entirely true. A portable water heater electric faucet is profitable and when intermittent / disconnected in a hot water apartment. It can be installed on the "Problem", then dismantle and connect the usual mixer.

An electric crane that warms the water itself, the price has access to and is installed in a horizontal way. The principle and technology of installation is similar to the classic mixer. The only nuance of the installation is the water heater on the faucet in the bathroom or the kitchen is connected only to the pipe of cold water and in addition to the network. The installation is performed on the sink or sink sink, baths in the provided holes. Portable electrical nozzle for water heating can be installed without the help of a plumbing.

Available cost.

Buying a boiler, its installation and maintenance will cost an order of magnitude more expensive than the nozzle for the faucet for heating water, the price of which will pay, if you believe to report users, after 6-8 months.

Fast and uniform fluid heating.

Hot liquid from the mixer will flush after 5 seconds after turning on the crane. In this regard, the water heating mixer, the price of which is an order of magnitude lower than the cost of the boiler, is a more practical device.

Saving time.

Heated water on the stove or with a boiler will take from 40 minutes to 1.5-2 hours. In order not to spend time, it is more profitable to buy a water heater for a bathroom or kitchen, which will serve a hot liquid of a given constant temperature during the entire period of operation of the device. Based on this, many consumers consider the device to heal water to the crane most practical option - the hot liquid does not finish at an inappropriate moment, there is no need to perform heating again.

Saving funds.

When the fluid is heated on the plate or with the help of boiler, consumers spend gas / electricity for a long time. At the same time, the boiler warms the liquid every 15-25 minutes. And the electric water heater on the tap in the bathroom, which can be with a guarantee to 3-5 years, functioning in fact. When a hot liquid is needed, then the user gets it. The rest of the time the nozzle for heating water to the crane, the price of which depends on the type of mixer does not consume electricity. A portable mixer with an electric water heater consumes 3 kW per hour of electricity.

Compact dimensions.

Due to the design features, the faucet is a water heater, which can be used in several reliable Chinese manufacturers, has an enlarged case. Dimensions determines the nozzle for the warming of water to be heated, which can be used separately from the mixer (if the repair is required). But whatever the magnitude did not have a water heater or nozzle for a crane, and the dimensions of the plumbing electrical device will be much less than the boiler. Like the localization area. An innovative electrical faucet for the kitchen or bath takes as much space on the washing or sink, the side of the plumbing, as well as typical.

Water consumption savings.

A compact portable water crane is always complemented by a special nozzle for saving fluid flow. It is a aerator that warns the splashing of the substance. Using the water heater flowing electric to the crane, consumers can complement the mixer and a special aerator that enhances the jet, reducing the volume of the subservation subservation. Modern water heater faucet has water consumption from 6-8 liters per minute.

High decorative qualities.

Many users believe that the nozzle for the water heating is spoils the appearance of the plumbing device and makes it typical design. This opinion is mistaken. In some manufacturers, you can purchase a mini-water heater flowing to a crane with a unique color solution. At the same time, the style of the mixer itself may be different. According to designers, the water heater flowing to the crane not only does not spoil the appearance of the device, but also makes it unusual, unique. In the market, you can buy an electric mixer for hot water with different color of the case - red, granite, gray, milky white, yellow, frosiness and so on. In the leading manufacturers, you can buy a heater for a tap for water with a unique form of extinguishing, levers or valves of non-standard geometry.

An innovative water heating mixer has another advantage - it is safe. The device is grounded, it is supplied with control mechanisms that are not heated during the operation of the water heater for the crane, and the lever for adjusting the temperature of the water.

Features of the design and principle of work

The principle of functioning of the device is extremely simple. As mentioned above, the water heater electrical flowing to the crane is connected only to the pipe of cold water. When the mixer is turned on, the liquid is fed to a special reservoir, which is placed in a TEN. Within 3-5 seconds, the substance is heated and entered into the evidence. In order for the electrical mixer to safely perform its functions, it is supplied with the following components:

Case. It contains a water heater for a crane, the price of which depends on the operational characteristics of this item, and electronic nodes. The housing can be performed from thermoplastic or metal. In 87% of cases, the water heater nozzle to the mixer is sewn into a heat-resistant body. This ensures the safety of the operation of the device.
Spin. Form and dimensions depend on the type of water for water supply. If you need a water heater for a tap in the bathroom, the price of which will depend on the external data, then the emission will be shortened, like typical mixers. Kitchen variants of devices are equipped with high and arcuate poles. A fixture can be installed to heat the water to the bath in the bath. There are beautiful models of plumbing equipment equipped with a hygienic shower. In this class of devices, you can buy a water heater for a crane with a shower and a long / shortened spout. A variant of sanitary devices set.
Control lever. This element of the water heater crane is installed only in three positions. If the user needs to turn on cold water, you need to turn the right lever. If it is necessary that the water heater on the crane starts to function, the left element should be rotated. If the lever is put straight, then the mixer will stop functioning. In any way otherwise, turn the lever of the mixer with a water heater can not, which guarantees the safe use of the device - the incorrect use of the spout and burn is excluded (the liquid is not warmed instantly).
Flexible eyeliner.
Ceramic cartridge.
Thermocouple and pressure valve.
Performance indicator in heating mode.

Since the water heater in the mixer is an electrical device, it must be isolated from contact with flowing water. For these purposes, waterproof protective membranes are used in high-quality cranes. They are isolated electrical nodes. In addition, the electric faucet for hot water has a Uzo - a device that automatically turns off the TEN if there are failures in the power grid. Uzo warns the occurrence of accidents (user shocks) and protects the heater of hot water to the crane from the brave.

The pressure valve used in the mixer design also performs a protective function. If the nozzle works to heat the water to the mixer and the water pressure in the pipes at this moment drops to 0.4 atm. Or the substance ceases to succumb, the TEN will automatically turn off. Automation and for water pressure in 7 atm. Disable the flowing water heater on the crane, which can be used for kitchen equipment in the house where small children grow.

In order for the mixer flowing water heater, due to the hydrowarder, a silicone damper is provided in the design. It is also worth remembering that the nozzle for a crane for hot water does not heat the liquid above the set norm, so the burns are excluded. In stores consumers can buy a device capable of heating the substance strictly to a temperature of 60 and 700c. Observing this indicator monitors the sensor built into the mixer body. When the nozzle for the water heating of water, the cost of which depends on the technical data of the device, heated the liquid to the norm, the sensor automatically turns the TEN.

Are there any deficiencies in the tap nozzle?

Yes there is. Users noted that the water heater per mixer, the price of which is significantly lower than that of other electrical appliances for heating a large volume of fluid, with long-term operation, water supplies a lower temperature. What does it mean? This means that if the mixer heating water functions continuously for 45 minutes - an hour, then the TEN ceases to have time to warm up the flow substance to the desired temperature. In this case, the nozzle for a faucet for water heating is cheaply purchased to heat the liquid to 45-500c. If you give the device to a breather, it will again begin to warm the liquid in the specified mode.

Experts also note that the water heater for the crane, the price of which is significantly lower than the cost of the boiler, requires checking wiring before installation. It is necessary to fear the overload of the power grid and closure. In addition, it is recommended to install coarse filters, otherwise the mixer with a heating element, which can be used only in foreign manufacturers today, fails after 3-5 years of operation.

No other disadvantages of the water heater on the mixer showed. Users for hot water devices for a crane in their reviews are positively responding about devices. Their main recommendation is to acquire a water heater flowing electric for a mixer in reliable manufacturers or suppliers that guarantee the originality of the device.

What manufacturers offer high-quality faucet nozzles?

So: You decide to buy a heating faucet for water, rated the market and designated the price category of devices, but what model do you not know what model? Let's figure it out. The most reliable water heater faucets offer only several manufacturers.

Budgetary crane for heating water offers TM "Akvaterm". It is as simple as possible in the installation, guaranteed working without failures for up to 5 years (this is confirmed by user feedback from the devices of this company) and heats up the liquid to 600C. If you need an inexpensive and high-quality tap for heating water, you can buy it from Aquaterm. The mixer has the maximum degree of protection: UZO, membrane isolation, pressure sensor and ground wire. But the most important device on the water heating faucet can be supplemented with a nozzle to the shower and necessarily has a filter for cleaning the water supply substance. The design of the crane heating for the water of this brand can be any.

Akvatermovsky faucet Crane Water heater is available in various color variations. You can choose a plumbing device for any interior solutions. Opinion of experts: Available in price Water heater flowing to akwaterm crane is an ideal solution for cottages, in which year-round and apartments live. Innovative mixer The heater is inexpensive and shows good performance.

Not bad respond about Kruss (China). The manufacturer offers an improved classic. Its models have a minimized and streamlined design, so the devices fit perfectly into interior solutions. It has a faucet for heating flowing water and structural differences - a nickel lever, a blue indicator light and a hardened flexible liner. Maximum water heating temperature 600C. The main advantage is the electric trailers, the price of which will be not much higher than the devices of the previous manufacturer, is equipped with a thermostat. The consumer itself can set the water temperature needed.

Delimano today offers the most advanced devices. The manufacturer can purchase an inexpensive electric water heating mixer with a display, which displays the current water temperature. Plumbing equipment looks stylish and bright, heats up the liquid to 600c. In this case, the nozzle on the water heating mixer is built into the plastic case, which it seemed impractical to some users - weak stability to the loads are scratched. The Deliman mixer with the built-in water heater will be able to function without interruptions if the water pressure is ranging from 0.5 to 0.6 atm. Users noted that the devices of this TM have an elongated electric pump - up to 1 m. In this case, the mixer flows through the jet pressure. Often in the plumbing equipment of this manufacturer uses aerators to save water - the jet is saturated with air.

The above manufacturers are listed, whose heating cranes for water are close in price and have maximum functionality, quality and safety. But the market can offer both devices from other manufacturers: "Aquastrum" (minimum dimensions of the device, a convenient system of electricity saving), "Corraveni" (ceramic valve, chrome surface, built-in water temperature control system) and "Rapid" (multi-level overheating protection). These manufacturers have the price of water heaters on the tap above - to buy them from the official suppliers of sanitary equipment.

Experts recommend to select a faucet for heating flow water in its safety characteristics. It is worth paying attention to the montage method. Do not choose models with short flexible liner hoses - a typical version of 60 cm. Also specify the supplier from which materials the case is made. The quality of the cartridge is also important. Durable and more practical will be instruments with ceramics. By the rest of the parameters, the water heated mixer is chosen as well as a classic plumbing device.

Every year the pools are gaining popularity. Owners of private houses and country sites are increasingly and more often installed pools - it is convenient, prestigious and relatively available. At the stage of planning the purchase and design of the pool, a number of issues relating to water heating should be solved. After all, the use of Bacsein wants not only hot summer, but in the cold season.

There are special devices heating water in the pool to the optimum temperature. Between themselves, they differ in the principle of action, the efficiency of use, the cost-effectiveness of work and cost.

Water heating systems in the pool

Water heating is needed both for indoor pools and outdoor pools. Of course, in the summer, water in the pool will completely warm up from direct sunlight, but with the approach of autumn, when the nights become cold, and the days are all shorter, there is a need for additional heat sources.

For a comfortable swimming in the pool (depending on the category of "bathers"), the water temperature should have the following indicators:

for active, sports games - 22 degrees;
for children - 28-30 degrees;
for adults - 24-26 degrees;
for older people - at least 26 degrees.

You can maintain the optimal water temperature in the pool using special heating devices, the choice of which determines the heating system.

Water heating systems in the pool can be divided into two types:

heating due to the electric heater;
heated by heat exchange.

The heating system based on heat exchange includes:

heat exchangers acting on the basis of solar energy;
heat exchangers in which the main heat sources are the central water supply system, the heating boiler;
heat exchangers using other heat sources (thermal pump).

Based on the calculation of water heating in the pool, in which all the features of the design and operation will be taken, the water heating system for the pool is selected.

Water heating devices: principle of operation, advantages and disadvantages

Flowing electric heater - optimal option for a small basin

Electric heater for the pool, perhaps the easiest and most affordable way to heal water. The main purpose device is heating a continuous flow of water with minimal pressure fluctuations.

The principle of operation of the heater: water circulates through the housing in which the Tanes are located. The housing of the heater is made of stainless steel, titanium or high-quality plastic, and the beans - from durable alloys of stainless steel capable of withstanding high temperatures. An electric heater behind the filtering equipment is installed, so the water in the pool is already purified.

For the placement of thermal equipment, a separate large room is not required, since the heater has compact dimensions - a sufficiently small indoor booth.

Buying, flowing water heater for the pool, you should pay attention to the following parameters.

The power of the device (3-18 kW). Some models are designed to connect through a three-phase network. For closed pools inside the room, the heater power is calculated based on 0.3-0.5 kW per 1 sq.m. Pool, for open - 0.5-1 kW.
Maximum heating temperature. Most flow electric heaters for pools this indicator is 30-40 degrees.
The volume of duct and working pressure.
The presence of protective and regulatory devices (protection sensor, thermostat and flow sensor), which protect the device from breakdowns.
Materials manufacturing electric heater. Heaters whose housing is made of stainless steel are more durable.

It should be borne in mind that with significant heat loss (open-type pools or pools located in unheated rooms) electricity consumption increases significantly

The flow of flow heaters is not enough for large swimming pools, the volume of more than 35 cubic meters, especially if such a pool is located on the street. In addition, this unit cannot be used in a house with a restriction on energy consumption or "weak" wiring.

Small heaters (3 kW power) are often used to heal water in Intex basins and other inflatable and frame pools.

It is important to remember that during the work of the heater is strictly prohibited in the pool!

Advantages of flow heaters:

water heating occurs fast enough;
using the thermostat, water temperature can be adjusted;
in the absence of water, the flow sensor turns off the heating of water;
compact size of equipment;
management system is automated.

Disadvantages of the electric heater:

substantial money heating of water (great electricity consumption);
small power;
not in all houses have the ability to install this system.

Solar collectors - an innovative approach to the heating of the pool

The sun is an inexhaustible heat source, which can be effectively used to heal water in an open and closed pool.

Many believe that the outdoor pool is quite heat from direct sunlight. However, this statement is true only when the pool is located on the sunny plot. And if it is located under a canopy or indoors? With heliosystems, solar heating of water in the pool becomes more adjustable.

The solar water heating system consists of three main elements:

solar collector (tube interconnected on the big screen);
pump filter;
control valve.

The mechanism of action of the helium system is quite simple. With intensive solar illumination, the sensors give the command to the automatic rejected valve to send the flow of water from the pool through the collector heat exchanger. Inside the heat exchanger will be heated water due to the coolant circulating in a closed heliosystem (collector tubes).

When the desired heating temperature is reached, water comes back to the pool. If the solar collector has cooled (cloudy weather), then water does not circulate through it.

The solar collector is usually placed on the roof or on a well-lit plot.

For heating in ODA in the pool, the following types of solar collectors can be used:

high-selective flat and flat collectors;
vacuum tubular collectors.

Their choice will depend on the climatic conditions of the region, the installation site and the volume of heated water.

When calculating the size of the Heliosystem (Collector Square), a number of factors should be considered:

pool parameters;
pool type (closed, open);
attendance of the basin;
the pool is covered or not;
required water heating temperature (minimum and maximum);
installation location and angle of the collector.

For the outdoor pool, the installation surface should be about 70-100% of the water surface area, for the indoor - about 60% of this area

The advantages of heliosystems include:

the versatility of use - can be used to heal water in the pool and for the supply of a private house with hot water;
convenience management;
fast water heating;
system service costs are practically absent.

Disadvantages of using the "solar" system:

the coefficient of collector heat transfer sharply decreases into cloudy weather;
buying equipment and installation of the helium is quite expensive.

Heat exchanger - substantial savings in water heating

To heal water in the pool, heat exchangers are often used, which are connected directly to the heating system at home.

Externally, the heat exchanger resembles a large flask, and the coil is located inside the device, through which hot water passes (coolant). Water from the pool is around the coil, wash it, and heats up.

From the total heating system in the serpent, water comes with a circulation pump, whose work is controlled by an electromagnetic valve. The valve, in turn, is controlled by a thermostat. The owner of the pool sets the temperature level, and the rest of the process is regulated by automation.

The main criterion for choosing a heat exchanger is its power that can reach 200 kW. The power selection directly depends on the size of the pool.

When you first start the heat exchanger, the necessary water temperature will be achieved only after 28 hours. Such a long and gradual heating is needed, to avoid the instrument collapse associated with the expansion of the fluid. The further operation of the device consists in maintaining a given temperature.

A heat exchanger is placed after the pumping and filtering station, but before the disinfecting system, to avoid the extra contact of the equipment with chlorine contained in water. In pools with sea or highly chlorinated water, it is better to install titanium heat exchangers.

Advantages of heat exchangers:

saving water heating;
high power that allows you to apply devices for heating large pools;
ease of control (all processes are automated).

The disadvantages of the heat exchanger include long-term heating of water.

Heat pump - environmental energy as a heat source for the pool

The use of the heat pump is a fairly new method of heating water, the operation of which is based on the principle of multistage heat transfer from various coolants with condensate, compression of gases, etc.

The initial source of heat (first heating steps) may be household (industrial) drains, heat released during flue gases, heat of groundwater, thermal waters. Any sources whose temperature at least slightly exceeds the temperature of the water in the pool, can be used by the thermal pump for heating the pool.

The principle of the thermal pump is as follows. The working fluid (mixture of toosol and water) is pumped through a pipeline located underground. Due to the temperature of the soil, the working fluid at the outlet is heated by a pair of degrees, and is sent to the heat exchanger, where it transfers the resulting heat to the refrigerant.

The refrigerant, in contact with the heated fluid, instantly boils - a pair is formed, which enters the compressor and shrinks there to 25 atmospheres. When compressed, a sharp rise of temperature up to 50-55 degrees occurs. The resulting energy is spent on heating at home or water for the pool.

A significant proportion of energy is sheltered on the functioning of the cyclic operation of the system (refrigerant and the working fluid, passing through the cooling system, there are and the cycle is repeated).

The power of thermal pumps is enough to ensure complete heating not only the pool, and the country cottage as a whole.

Advantages of using heat pumps:

fast and sufficient heating of water, room;
high power;
use alternative free heat sources.

To date, heat pumps have not been widely used, due to its high cost.

Fuel heater - use of gas and liquid fuel for water heating

Fuel heater - equipment operating on liquid fuel or propane (gas heaters). They are quite effective and economical, provided that they are used not only for heating the water of the pool, and for heating at home.

Before using the fuel heater will have to solve a number of questions:

obtaining permission to install the equipment;
registration and proper paperwork;
installing the fire system;
building chimney;
control of fuel reserves.

To maintain the optimal water temperature in the pool, fuel units can be used:

Advantages of fuel heaters:

economical fuel consumption;
the possibility of integrated use of the heater (home heating, water heating);
automation system.

Disadvantages of heaters:

difficulties in design, registration and installation;
great initial cost of buying equipment;
some systems require annual cleaning.

How to cut thermal water loss in the pool

The efficiency of any heating installation will increase significantly if timely take care of the decrease in heat losses:

The type, power of the heating system and its cost will depend on the design features of the pool. Equipment installation is better to entrust professionals that can guarantee the smoothever and safety of the use of heating elements.

There are two main ways to prepare hot water. The first, the water heats up during the heater movement and is supplied to the waterscence. Such a heater is called flowing.

The second method - heats up a large volume of water in the heat insulated capacity, then gradually spent. Such a heater is called cumulative. The source of energy is usually gas, electricity or heated heat carrier from the heating system.

Flowing - big peak power

The flowing heater must be relatively powerful to provide the desired hot water consumption in the crane. For the waters of the soul, the capacity of at least 10 kW is required, for filling the bathroom - from 15 kW, for two hot water cranes - from 20 kW.

Heat the water with an electric flow heater is not cheap. In addition, a three-phase connection is needed (over 6 kW) and a special permission for greater power.

Optimally to provide several cranes, install a compact electrical flow heater for each of them. At the same time, protection is placed on their simultaneous work so as not to overload the network.

Cheaper option - heating water with gas. A gas column is used, or the second outline of the heating boiler. The power of such devices can be enough for two cranes, and hot water is cheaper.

Disadvantages of flow

With a running scheme, the heater should be located closer to the crane as possible to drain less water until hot. The recommended distance is no more than 5 meters. But in any case there will be an overrunning of water and energy. A similar lack of characteristic and for the accumulative heater.

Another lack of a DHW flowing scheme (hot water supply) is the inability to pick up a few hot water. Each device has its own minimum power. Therefore, with a small flow rate, it simply does not turn on.
As a result, there is also an overrunning of water and energy.

Pressure jumps in the system are discomfort, as they change the water temperature at the outlet.

In the outdoor points to sell an incomplete flowing electric heater, simply indicate that it gives so many liters of water at such a temperature, for example, +50 degrees, which at first glance is acceptable. But it is not indicated, from which temperature water is heated. The key characteristic of such an apparatus is the heating difference. After all, cold water is usually +6 - +10 degrees, not +15 or +20.

Cumulative water heating system

The main advantage of an electric cumulative tank with a capacity of 1.5- 2.0 kW is that it can be installed everywhere, in any house and apartment, where there is a power supply 220V. Its volume is usually 25 - 150 liters (chassis volume 50 - 100 liters) . Water in it is heated gradually to a given temperature, and when the fence is possible, a large flow rate is possible, the decrease in temperature occurs gradually.

Cheaper heated water with a gas cumulative heater with a low-power burner (up to 3 kW). The fact is that this heater does not need a special chimney. But it can only be installed in agreement with the Gores, probably on a separate project. Provided by air from the room (with the exhaust system).

Disadvantages of accumulation

Limited water volume, which can create difficulties. For example, if one portion in the volume of the tank is consumed for bathing, then for the preparation of the following volume you need a lot of time.
The heater must be installed next to the water treatment, if the bathroom and kitchen are separated, then each crane must be installed on a separate accumulative Baku.
There is an overrun of energy from the cooling of unspecified hot water in the heater.
Water overrun when the water is designed from the crane, which has cooled in the pipeline.

An indirect heating boiler - a stable DHW system

The advantage of an indirect heating boiler is that the energy of the heating system is used to heat, and it is usually not expensive. Therefore, hot water can be a lot, its temperature is stable, water is cheaper.

An indirect heating boiler is a cumulative capacity per 100 - 300 liters. Heating is carried out by a spiral pipeline, which moves heated to 80 to 90 degrees coolant.

The heating systems are created in such a way that when the water is cooled by hot water supply below the threshold value, for example +50 degrees, the boiler switches to the heating of the boiler. At the same time, it gives an elevated temperature operations at full power, heating the DHS to the upper threshold value, for example, +60 degrees. After that, again switches to heating.

With buffer capacity - the greatest stock of energy

In the buffer tank, the other vice versa, the container of a large volume is used, about 1 ton or more filled with the coolant, and the heated water moves along the helix, i.e. River heating occurs. But when opening additional cranes, its temperature varies slightly, as the design has a large reserve by the amount of energy transmitted.

The temperature of hot water will be the same as the heating system coolant. Sometimes it does not fit, therefore the mixing unit is included in the water supply scheme to reduce the temperature ...

The buffer capacity is supplied mainly the heating system with solid fuel boilers.

Other features of water heating heating

The boiler is often supplied with single-mounted gas or liquid boilers.

Another feature of the system is the ability to create a permanent circulation of water along the annular pipeline of the water supply. Then, when the crane is opened, we immediately get hot water. Water cooling is not considered loss of energy, because it is spent on the heating of the house.

There is still the opportunity to save - an additional heating spiral is placed in a boiler and connects to the solar collector. The energy of the sun is called the gift, the flow rate on the solar collector in this case pays off. It makes it possible to warm water in the summer if the energy is missing - the boiler connects.

Boiler layered heating

The main disadvantages of the usual straight-flow system of heating with a gas heater (the second boiler circuit) or electrically solved by installing the boiler of layered heating. One or more on each crane. It is a heat-insulated container into which hot water supply is carried out from above. From the same level, its fence is carried out.

Such a boiler makes it possible to simultaneously receive a lot of hot water of a stable temperature. You can pick up and "a little water", as well as provide the smallest cold descent. An ordinary heating boiler can also be used as such an intermediate drive.

Error - Incorrect connection of the boiler DHW

One of the common mistakes when creating a hot water system in the house is to connect an indirect heating boiler to the second contour of the two-door boiler. This contour itself is intended for the preparation of hot water, therefore it has a limitation of the maximum temperature in +60 degrees so that thermal burns do not occur.

Now the most comfortable and economical solution to create a hot water system is the installation of an indirect heating boiler, where it is possible. The remaining DHW schemes can be considered forced solutions that are dictated by circumstances, such as saving when creating ...

The modern and most economical water heating device is an induction water heater. Unlike analogues, it is completely environmentally friendly, not dried and does not burn out air, meets modern safety requirements. It can be used both as a flow water heater, and to play the role of a boiler for the heating of the room. The device is usually bought in the store, we offer an alternative - independent manufacture. In the latter case, the device may not have such an attractive appearance, but it will cost much cheaper.

Pros and disadvantages of induction devices for water heating

The device has a fairly simple design and does not require special documents allowing the use and installation. Induction water heater has a high degree of efficiency and optimal reliability for the user. When using it as a boiler for heating, you can not even install the pump, since water flows through pipes due to convection (with heating, the liquid is practically turning into pairs).

The device also has a number of advantages, which distinguishes it among other types of water heaters. So, induction heater:

In induction heaters, water becomes hot due to the pipe on which flows, and the latter is heated due to the induction current created by the coil.

much cheaper than their analogues, such a device can be easily assembled independently;
completely silent (although the coil and vibrates when working, but this vibration is not tangible for a person);
during operation, vibrates, thanks to which dirt and scale does not stick to its walls, therefore it does not need cleaning;
it has a heat generator, which can be easily sealed by the principle of operation: The coolant is inside the heating element and the energy is transmitted to the heater by means of an electromagnetic field, no contacts needed; Therefore, they will not need sealing gum, glazes and other elements that can quickly spoil or leak;
it is easy to break in the heat generator, as the water heats the ordinary pipe, which is unable to spoil or blown, unlike the Tan;

Do not forget that the induction heater service will be much cheaper than the boiler or gas boiler. The device has a minimum of parts that almost never fail.

Despite the huge amount of advantages, the induction water heater has a number of flaws:

the first and most painful for the owners is an electricity account; The device cannot be called economical, so you have to post a certain amount of time for its use;
the second - the device is very hot and heated not only itself, but also the surrounding space, therefore it is better not to touch the housing of the heat generator during its operation;
the third - the device has extremely high efficiency and heat transfer, so when used be sure to install the temperature sensor, otherwise the system may explode.

Induction water heater with your own hands: Scheme

The device is a transformer having two windings: primary and secondary. The first circuit converts electrical energy into vortex currents, thereby creating an induction field of aimed action, which provides induction heating. On the secondary circuit, the transformed energy is transmitted to the coolant (in our case it is water).

It is important to consider the type of material from which the winding is made. So, in household models, the copper wire is most often used. Such material is well suitable for water heating in boilers.

In addition to the transformer in the device there is a generator and pump (optional).

Scheme of a simple induction water heater. As can be seen, the device has a fairly simple design and a small number of elements.

Heat generator nodes and parts

The device includes:

aC generator that increases current frequency;
inductor transforming electricity to magnetic energy is a coil of copper wire;
the heating element, most often its role plays a metal tube.

Thanks to this design, energy transmission is carried out practically without loss. CPD reaches 98%.

Principle of operation

Induction water heater consists of a generator, coil and core, the latter is heated due to electromagnetic energy

The device converts electrical energy into electromagnetic. The latter, in turn, affects the core (tube), which heats up and transmits heat energy. Converts all these energies inductor consisting of a coil and core. The generator is used to increase the current frequency, since with a standard frequency of 50 Hz, it is difficult to achieve high heating.

In factory models, the frequency of the current reaches 1 kHz.

Flowing induction water heater with your own hands

Before starting to install, you need to stock it with the necessary details. So, the best option will be a welding high-frequency inverter, smoothly changing current strength range. Such a device will cost the cheapest. A more expensive option will be a three-phase transformer, which is a source of AC power for the water heater inductor. In this case, it is worth using a coil at 50-90 turns, and to take copper wire with a diameter of 3 or more millimeters as a material.

As a core, you can use both metal and the polymer pipe together with the wire (used as a heating element). In the latter case, the wall thickness should not be less than 3 mm in order to quietly withstand high temperatures.

To build a water heater, you will need: nippers, screwdrivers, soldering iron and welding machine, if a metal pipe is used.

Installation of induction water heater

Cut the pipe with copper wire by making about 90 turns.

The options for assembling the device There are many. We suggest try collecting the device according to the following scheme:

Prepare workplace, materials and tools.
Fix a small segment of the polymer pipe (do not forget that the minimum wall thickness should be 3 mm).
Cut the core ends to remain 10 cm in the reserve of the wires for the taps.
At the bottom weapon, mount the corner. In the future, it should be connected here to the reverse of heating (if the heater is used as a boiler).
Tightly lay a chopped wire around the pipe. It is necessary to make at least 90 turns.
Install the tee on the top nozzle through which hot water will be out.
Mount the protective circuit of the device. It can be made of both polymer and metal.
Connect copper wire to the water heater terminals, then fill the core with water.
Check the performance of the inductor.

Recommendations. In all the conclusions, it is better to install ball valves for the convenience and simplicity of dismantling the water heater in the event of a breakdown. But the pipe is not necessary to fill with metal pieces, since it does not give proper effect. Do not forget to leave the window in the housing to access the welding machine control panel.

Induction water heaters for heating

The heating circuit, where an induction boiler is used as a heat carrier heater.

Such a device has a good proven itself not only as a flow water heater, but also a boiler for heating. True, in this case, the welding machine in the role of the generator is no longer suitable, have to use a transformer having two windings. The latter transforms the vortex currents arising on the primary winding into the electromagnetic field, which is created on the secondary circuit.

In the heating system, the heat carrier may be not only water, but also oil or antifreeze. That is, any liquid capable of conducting an electric current.

The boiler from the induction water heater should be equipped with two nozzles for hot and cold water. Cold water will come from the bottom, it must be mounted on the introductory line of the line, and on top it is necessary to position the nozzle that will serve hot water into the heating system. As a result, the circulation of water is carried out naturally under the action of convection without a pump.

What you need to know about security

Do not forget that we are dealing with a source of increased danger - an electric heating device, so when it is assembled and used, some rules must be followed:

Be sure to use a separate electrical line to connect the induction boiler, as well as equip it with a security group.

If the water circulation is carried out in a natural way in the boiler, then be sure to equip it with a temperature sensor so that the device is automatically disconnected during overheating.
Do not connect the homemade water heater into the socket, it is better to make a separate line with an enlarged cable cross section for this.
All open sections of the wires need to be insulated to secure people from shock or burn.
In no case do not turn on the inductor if the pipe is not filled with water. Otherwise, the pipe is melted, and the device is closed or it can also light up.
The device must be installed at an altitude of 80 cm from the floor, but so that about 30 cm remains to the ceiling, it is also not worth installing it in the residential area, since the electromagnetic field does not affect the health of people.
Do not forget to make the inductor grounding.
Be sure to connect the device through the machine to the latter in the event of an accident disabled the power from the water heater.
A safety valve will be built into the pipeline system, which will reduce the pressure in the system automatically.

Conclusion

The induction water heater has a high efficiency, can act as a boiler for the heating system, also an independent assembly and installation is also allowed, and its use is not regulated by the Law of the Russian Federation. But still before using it, it is worth weighing everything for and against. Despite its high efficiency, the device consumes a large amount of energy, it is considered unsafe (especially homemade) and poorly affects human health. Therefore, we recommend installing the inductor in a private house or in the country.

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Every summer, urban residents face the same problem: the lack of hot water due to the planned repair of the city water pipeline. Sometimes this process is delayed for a couple of months, and you are moving with basins and saucepans from the kitchen in the bathroom and back, the procnis city services and complaints about life. But it is very easy to get rid of this inconvenience: it's enough to buy a boiler for water heating. In our material will be discussed how to choose a water heater, how to install and what should be remembered during operation.

WATER HEATER - Warranty of hot water supply in the house

With a purely technical point of view, the boiler is a device for heating water and preserving it in the heated state to use. It consists of a volumetric container with high-quality thermal insulation and heating element. Adjusting the temperature mode of the device is ensured. You can buy a boiler for heating water in any home appliances store. The range of devices with such an appointment is quite large, and our task is to figure out all this variety and make the optimal choice.

Where are hot water boilers

The water heating boiler can completely replace the centralized hot water supply. It is used in private houses and apartments, in catering institutions, kindergartens and schools.

It should be noted that in terms of quality water from water and from the centralized main channel is still different, as if some did not claim the opposite. Judge for yourself: For centralized water supply, water is heated in boiler rooms and heads along a separate pipeline. constantly exposed to high temperature. They are destroyed by adding substances unusual to it into water.

But if you have a boiler in the apartment - then water will be much better quality. You send pure cold water from under the tap and at the output instantly get the result, without precipitation, rust and other "gifts".

It all concerns sanitary water. But there are both boilers for drinking water, they are used for other purposes. In the canteens, cafes, bars and restaurants are installed special boilers for tea. They can have a different design. Some are arranged along the simple principle of the boiler. Usually these are large containers for 10-90 liters. They can be filled or have a continuous supply of water for cooking. There is a second variant - heater heaters.

Such a device allows you to fill the lack of hot water during its interruptions in the main line. The device from the heat insulated housing and the tank with the heat exchanger of the spiral form. The design long supports fluid temperature. The coolant circulates along the coil and warms the liquid. The coolant movement is provided by the pump, which is turned off the thermostat when the required temperature is reached. Before making a choice in favor of such a device, learn the possibilities of your heating system and determine whether it can cope with the heating of water in the necessary quantities and at the same time normally perform its main task.

Plus the water type of an indirect type is that the temperature can be maintained in a large volume of fluid without spending unnecessary tools for electricity. From such a boiler, you can simultaneously serve water into the kitchen for washing dishes and in the bathroom for washing. But it should be noted that the cost of the tank and the price of its installation "bite". So before saving on the source of energy, you will have to lay out a round sum of the system. Water in indirect boilers is heated slowly.

What is the difference between a direct heating boiler

Gas boilers direct heating are distinguished by the fact that they have a reservoir in which the water coming from the water pipe is heated with a burner or a tan, if it is an electrical device. After the selection of hot water, the container is filled again, and the process occurs continuously.

Direct heating boilers can be outdoor or wall. Usually they are compact and can be placed not only in the boiler room, but also in the kitchen or bathroom. The water heating rate in such devices depends on the source of the energy they use. If the device uses gas fuel or has a solid fuel principle of operation, it must be equipped with. The main advantage of such devices in the rapid heat heating, and the main disadvantage of energy costs.

Type of drive

By type of drive, the water brakes are divided into flow and accumulative (capacitive). Consider their characteristics.

Operation of flow boilers for water heating

Devices with running system can be used in a private house and in the apartment. In such a device, water heats up almost instantly thanks to the super powerful tenam. The more intensive water is consumed, the more heating elements are connected. Such a mechanism allows economically to spend electricity. From overheating, the device is protected by a special system that does not allow water to boil and burn hands.

All the necessary information about the operation of the device is placed on the electronic display. It shows the temperature of the water, the number of connected shades and fluid flow rate per minute. If the temperature in the crane exceeds the allowable values, the device will give a signal.

The main advantages of flow heaters are the lack of restriction in the volume of hot water and the compact dimensions of the device. He may look just like a nozzle for a crane. The main argument of opponents of such systems is that a separate wiring with a powerful cable is required to connect the instrument. But if we are talking about a device with a small power, up to two kilowatts, you can use the usual outlet.

Capacitive (accumulative) water heating boilers

The water heater of the accumulative type has a very simple design. Water enters the tank, heats up in it and stored in heated form. The thermostat in the installation is monitored by the constant temperature in the tank, the heat is maintained due to high-quality thermal insulation.

When buying accumulative water heaters, cottage should pay attention to safety devices. The kit should include a water sensor, safety valve and a traction indicator.

Important! The socket for connecting the water heating device must necessarily be equipped with grounding.

From capacitive water, several cranes can simultaneously work. But in order to ensure a full heating of water for swimming, you have to install a capacity of at least 80 liters, and it will be necessary to find a place in the house. To continuously maintain the temperature of the tank content, the device constantly includes heaters, it affects the amount of electricity bills. Among other things, capacitive devices require periodic maintenance: cleaning from scale and replacing the anodes.

Power type

Get thermal energy for the boiler can be from different sources. The most primitive devices can be treated with firewood or diesel fuel, in most homes, gas or electric water heaters are installed, devices that use solar energy are gaining increasing popularity.

The benefits of gas and is already said much, but the heaters on solar energy are the future. Free heat quickly pays off all costs. In the network you can find a lot of recommendations on how to make such a device with your own hands from girlfriend. Here is an example of such a video:

Advantages of electric boilers for water heating

If you analyze the sales of boilers with different sources of thermal energy, the electrical appliances will confidently take first place. In electric boilers for water mass of positive qualities. They are easily installed, economically spend energy and have a high efficiency. It is not always possible to connect to the network gas, but there is an electricity in each house - and this is another undoubted advantage of these devices.

Electric water boards for apartments are controlled by remote control. It is very convenient in conditions of constant hurry of citizens.Modern electric tanks for water heating are equipped with an electronic display on a liquid crystal basis. You can easily control the temperature of heating and monitor the operation of the device. Electrical boiler for water heating can also have hydraulic control. This is a more primitive embodiment based on tank filling control using a crane.

With all the undoubted advantages of this type of heating, there are electrobatic and disadvantages. And the most basic of them is the price of electricity. No matter how saving, the operation of such a tank will cost you more than a boiler on gas.

The benefit of using gas boilers for water heating

The main advantage of gas boilers for water is saving your funds. So far, gas in our country is more favorable fuel than electricity. So the heating systems, and the appliances for cooking and heat heating on gas - all this will cost you cheaper than electric.

To install gas water, you do not need to "conjure" with electrical wiring. Maximum that may be required - connect the pump if the tank is equipped with them, but there are not many such models. And even if there is no possibility of connecting to the main gas, you can get out of the situation by connecting a cumulative gas boiler to cylinders with liquefied blue fuel.

The main disadvantage in this system - it cannot be installed and connect the personally. For installation, the help of certified specialists will be required, otherwise the gas economy will not give good to operate the device.

Operation of gas devices requires increased security measures. Waterings are installed indoors with reliable and chimney.

How to choose a boiler and not mistaken

What criteria should be chosen by water? There are several important parameters for which you want to pay attention to:

power of heating elements;
tank dimensions;
reservoir material and its coating;
staffing of security systems;
warranty period;
price.

It is clear that the greater the tank, the better. It makes no sense to buy a small container for a large family and, on the contrary, put a huge tank, if you are only two. There are approximate standards, how to choose a boiler for home by the number of residents:

1 person - 10 liter tank;
a family of 2 people - 30-50 liters;
family of 4 people - 100 liters.

Tip! Before you buy a large tank, think if the wall can be installed on which you are planning to fix it, withstand the load.

The larger the stated power, the faster the water is heated and the energy is more consuming. Consider this. There are huge tanks with low power, they will warm up for hours, you will get tired of waiting for the bath until the water gets warm.

We have already spoken about the materials of the tank, but it is worth recalling that stainless steel is an expensive material that is distinguished by a long service life. Exercise the cost of such a boiler for 15 and compare with a car cost of a porcelain coating, divided by three years warranty.

And two more important aspects in the matter, what better to choose electrical boilers - prices and firms. The advice here is only one - trust manufacturers who have experience and reputation among buyers. Do not seek to buy the cheapest device, as they say, the miser pays twice.

Manufacturers who can be trusted

Before you buy an electric boiler for water heating, learn the range of manufacturers who have the most positive feedback from buyers.

It is possible to conditionally highlight five favorites in the race for the consumer:

Brand	Description
Bosch.	Products of this company are traditionally considered reliable and convenient to operate. The devices of this company are collected in several countries, experts advise to choose Water heaters of the Bulgarian assembly.
ARISTON.	Household appliances of this manufacturer are one of the best-selling in our country. The cost of the instruments is in the average price category, but the water heaters of ariston are famous for a long service life.
Gorenje.	Boilers of this manufacturer are the perfect price and quality ratio. Dry heating elements are used in them, they are not covered with scale and serve for a long time. Users note excellent insulation of tanks. The temperature in them can be kept up to two days.
Thermex.	Thermex heaters are characterized by an attractive design and exceptional reliability. The manufacturer gives a confident warranty period of 10 years, but in practice, instruments can last two times longer. Yes, in the water companies of this company are covered with a silver alloy, which makes them almost eternal.
Electrolux	A wide range of water exchanges of this company will allow you to choose a device suitable for the specific conditions of your home. There is a flow and capacitive models that differ in compactness, attractive appearance and reliability.

Water heating boilers: price and best models

Volume of the tank	Bosch.	ARISTON.	Gorenje.	Thermex.	Electrolux

	Model / price, rub.
Boilers for water heating 30 liters, price	Tronic 1000T ES30-5 /	ABS BLU R 30V SLIM /	FTG 30 SM B6 /	HIT H30-O / 4910 rub.	EWH 30 ROYAL / 6800 rub.
Boilers for water heating 50 liters, price	Tronic 1000T ES50-5 /	ABS Pro ECO PW 50V /	OTG 50 SLSIMB6 /	Round Plus IS 50V /	EWH 50 ROYAL SILVER /
Boilers for heating water 80 liters, price	TRONIC 2000T ES80-5 /	ABS PRO R INOX 80V /	OTG 80 SL B6 /	Flat Plus IF 80V /	EWH 80 AXIOMATIC /
Boilers for water heating 100 liters, price	TRONIC 2000T ES100-5 /	ABS PRO R INOX 100V /	TGU 100 NG B6 /	Round Plus IR 100V /	EWH 100 ROYAL /

Installation of water heater

After you have done a hard choice, it remains only to install the water. Do not rush, you should carefully prepare. First of all, decide on the installation site. Note that the tip will have to be brushed from time to time from scale, so it should be an approach. The wall on which you plan to hang a boiler must be strong enough, because it will have to cope not only with a tank, but also with the weight of its contents. Connecting a cumulative water heater requires analysis and preparation