Is it worth aligning the walls. Ways to align the floor under laminate with their own hands. How to equally wooden floor

Most of us from school benches have a clear idea of \u200b\u200bthe ideally decorated page. Uniform scattering letters, slim lines of words, strict, framed by the rectangle of text - exactly such a picture we observe, turning any printed edition. The temptation is great to portray something similar on the Web page, especially since it is proposed to all the well-known means - aligning text in width. However, what is good for the typographic, then mortal sin for a web-based vertexer. And all because in relation to the markup of the site, this function is becoming so much deficiencies that its only dignity in the form of a smooth right edge will simply fade in their eyes. Here are just a few reasons why abandon leveling in width in favor of alignment to the left edge.

Visible mess within the text block

Yes, yes, than even more than the edge of the text block, the more obvious the mess inside it. In the typographic style of the text of the text, it allows you to achieve a whole arsenal of instruments: transfers, adjusting the intervals between the words and distances between the letters and even a little broader or slightly narrower font options. But the layout of the Internet page suggests, as a rule, only one way to "stretch" the string from the edge to the edge is an uncontrolled increase in the width of spaces. Not only leads to the emergence of unsightly gaps between words, so these gaps, as if by the law of meanness, often fall at about the same place in each row, forming the so-called vertical "rivers". All this gives the text a very unclear look.

Unquality

But if the aesthetics could still be sacrificed for the sake of neat edges, then the obvious problems with the visual perception of the text - all the same too high fee for them. And the text leveled in width objectively is much less readable than lined up to the left. The main reason lies everything in the same enlarged intervals between the words: the eye is constantly forced to search for the beginning of the next word, and due to the difference of spaces from the string to the line and rebuild from one distance to another.

The need to work on a string length often to no avail

In fairness it is worth noting that the designated flaws of the aligned text can be reduced by increasing the length of the string. However, not always this method will be effective. But to reduce readability, it can with a very large share of the likelihood: it is difficult for my eyes, scattered to the end one long line, accurately and quickly jump at the beginning of the next.

Insuitable for mobile devices

The already a column with text, to a lesser extent it is subject to width alignment. And here this format comes into direct contradiction with the requirements of mobile devices for which, on the contrary, the shorter the string is the better. Agree, one thing is to look at the long line on a full-screen monitor, and completely different - just once again scroll through each line back and forth. Dubious pleasure, but the right way to lose a mobile audience!

It would seem, it would be worth adding the page to the word transfer function, and all these problems that occur when text alignment in the width of the page would be solved. But in the fact and the snag that the HTML markup does not imply such a function. So it turns out that today there is no other way to save the permissible intervals between words on the Web page, except for aligning text along the edge, does not exist.

Thus, when creating an online page, it is important to remember the main thing: the Web site is not a book, and it is necessary to approach its design from those positions that dictate technologies and psychology of a question, and not someone's aesthetic views, however, quite and very Conditional. Believe me if your text is neatly placed and, first of all, read easily and with pleasure, no one and attention will not pay such a trifle as the irregularities of the fields!

By the way, when you read this article, did you pay attention to the fact that the text is not aligned in width?

High-quality laminate allows you to make comfortable and environmentally friendly floors. But the desire to make such a floor is often encountered on the problem - the low quality of the bases of the floors, especially in old houses.

If not to make the floor even, the poor quality base can be reduced to not all the impressive advantages of panels of embossed wood fibers. Today, various ways of alignment of the floor under laminate have been worked out. But despite the seeming simplicity of this technology there are nuances that you should know.

Do you always need to level the floor under the laminate?

In construction, with rare exceptions, it is customary to operate with smooth surfaces. But if in other cases there is an opportunity to neglect perfection, then when it comes to the problem of the level of flooring under the floor of the laminate, it should still strive for the ideal indicator.

The reason for this approach lies in the physical properties of the actual laminate. It is these properties forcing the builders to align the floor as much as possible. Otherwise, the uneven floor will cause the deformation of laminate panels, poor grip between them, cracks, as well as the discrepancy of the seams. As a result, moisture with all negative consequences will begin under the floor covering.

The only thing that can afford a specialist when installing the floor under laminate is small irregularities.

For good quality, the difference in the height of the floor on 1 pm. The bases should not exceed 2.5 mm.

With such results, it is recommended to carry out a slight leveling of the base. If frequent bulges are fixed / depressions, if the height differences in separate sites are significant, the alignment will have to do carefully. But if the difference in heights per unit area will be no more than 1.5 mm, it can be limited to a simple substrate.

Thus, it is thus the state of the "relief" of the foundation, you can choose the method of alignment. If it is planned to raise the floor level to a height of up to 5 cm, the screed of cement mortar is recommended. If the floor is even higher (for example, with high height differences), the easier option is desirable. For example, you can use a dry screed from the GWL panels or apply the method of laying plywood sheets to lags.

Materials and tools for floor leveling

Whatever ways are used for alignment, it is worth stockwork with such materials and tools:

building level;
rule;
bars for lags;
cement mortar;
plywood sheets;
cycles;
electric drill;
a hammer;
wood hacksaw;
screwdriver;
self-tapping screws, nails.

Concrete base alignment technology

Tools for alignment of the floor under laminate: hammer, line, lags, level, pliers, roulette, brush.

Today, most bases for the floor under laminate are made from concrete. But rarely when they cost without defects. Possible cracks, potholes, chips, sinks, the presence on concrete surfaces of various surges or solutions detects lead to the heights on the plane to be eliminated.

Specialists offer the 2 most common method of aligning concrete bases for laminate. The 1st way implies the use of a cement screed, 2nd is based on the use of self-leveling mixture.

Before using a cement solution from the concrete base surface, it is necessary to remove all residues of the previous floor. Slops of the solution are cleaned with pickle or perforator, while small can be left. If there are stains of oil or paint on the basis, they should be removed by a solvent or burn the burner. In conclusion, the concrete is processed by liquid soil.

Then, along all walls of the room, in their lower part, with the help of the level there is a top edge of the draft floor. At the noted floor level, rake-beaches are exhibited. The method of their fixation does not matter much, but most often the rails are fixed by arbitrary slides from the solution. The width of each strip between the rails should be no longer the length of the rule.

As for the cement-sand mixture, in this case it is necessary to adhere to the following proportion - 25% of the M-400 grade cement at 75% of quartz sand pre-sifted. It is worth noting that when using this technology, the solution should turn out to be sufficiently thick, which will prevent its premature spreading.

Immediately after the preparation of the solution, it should be pouring between the beacons exhibited. Using the rule, the level of the solution is leveled under the level of beacons. After the fill with the solution, each band should be laid with a special prickly roller removing unwanted air bubbles.

After grappling and solidification of the solution, rake-beaches are removed. The grooves formed in their place are filled with a solution.

But even after the solution solidifies externally, the availability of the floor under laminate cannot be considered final. It should be borne in mind that the screed, especially quite thick, requires a long time (up to 3-4 weeks) to harden so much that it can be quietly walking. All this period, it must be kept covered with plastic film, regularly (2 times a day) moisturizing its surface.

Another option for the preparation of the smooth floor is the coating of the self-leveling mixture. This method is characterized by speed and high quality performance. But all this can be achieved if only correctly organize the process.

First, as in the case of a screed, it is necessary to remove the room in which the floor preparation will be prepared under the laminate. Slops of the solution, garbage, dirt, bugs are knocked down, shots and potholes. At the end, the surface is treated with ground penetration soil.

The preparation of a self-leveling mixture should be prepared. Dry powder is bred by water according to the attached instructions and is thoroughly mixed to a homogeneous mass. But you can somewhat somewhat from the guide for the preparation of the mixture, determining the proportions of dry powder and water by experimental. This is allowed if the employee has its own experience of flooring, taking into account, in particular, the fact that the preparatory layers of different thicknesses need self-leveling mixtures of various densities.

After the mixture is prepared for the fill, it is neatly applied to the base of the future floor. And this should be done in the upper point of the leveling surface, from which the solution will spread throughout the room. You can speed up this process with a spatula.

To ensure the highest possible leveling of the solution, the good smoothness of the surface and removing unwanted air bubbles from the mixture, the spreading mass is rolled by a studded roller. Then leave the resulting floor to stand for several days. After that, it is possible to lay the laminate panels on it.

This method using a self-leveling mixture is suitable not only for concrete, but also for wooden bases. In the 2nd case, the preparation of the base to the pouring mixture mainly consists in fixing the tenting boards, removing the residues of paint and protruding nails, after which the fixed base is impregnated with water-proof soil.

Wooden base alignment

Often it is necessary to align the wooden floor, which will later laundered laminate. It has to pay attention to the degree of wear of individual ramps. It is from this that will depend on the method of alignment. The most common in repair and construction practice are 2 ways - cyclishing of draft floor boards and floor alignment by means of plywood sheets.

Cyclical is used in cases where the master deals with a flat floor in good technical condition. It, as a rule, eliminates insignificant defects. For this, 2 types of tools are used - manual cycle or special cycles.

In the 2nd case, the process will be fast enough and unemployed. It is only necessary to drive all possible nails and self-tapping screws in the wooden floor in advance, otherwise you can turn the car knives. After the operation of such a mechanism, the floor usually becomes smooth and quite ready for laying a laminate.

By the 2nd method of alignment - plywood or chipboard sheets - resort in cases when the floor is very uneven, but it is not planned to disassemble it. To do this, it is pre-carefully fixed by self-tavering rings, if necessary, the individual boards are replaced. And only then on the floor laid in advance flat sheets of plywood or chipboard.

It should be paid to the fact that there are several millimeters a gap between the stacked sheets. This is necessary to prevent the deformation of sheets in their possible expansion or swelling under the influence of moisture.

In conclusion, all sheets are neatly attached to the lower boards with self-drawers with counted hats. After that, you can start laying the laminate.

Laminate substrate device

Speaking of alignment of floors under the laminate, you should also mention the substrate, without which this process in some cases is unfinished. Usually, the substrate is used when the difference of the surface heights of the base is small and the employee faces the problem - it is impossible without preparation to lay the laminate on the basis, but there is no need to fully align it.

For this purpose, both synthetic substrates and materials based on natural components are used. Among synthetic, polyethylene substrates are most often used, among the most popular natural substrates - cork or probably bitumen.

It should be noted that in many cases, these components refer to expensive building materials. But they guarantee excellent quality and speed of work. And this in combination with the skill of the artist is the key to a beautiful, convenient and durable floor.

Floor alignment is not a mandatory procedure before laying laminate. But in most cases it is not without it. To check whether it is necessary to do this in a particular case, you should measure the gap between the floor and the ruler on the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe room.

If this indicator is more than 2 mm - it is necessary to align the floor. The choice of techniques that will be used for this depends on which gender requires manipulations - wooden or concrete. It also matters what materials and tools is the master.

There are materials - taboo that are undesirable to use. This include chipboard sheets. Under the influence of external factors, they allocate harmful formaldehyde.

It is also important to identify the fortress of the floor so that it can stand the entire design.

Do I need to level the floor under the laminate?

If there are still doubts, it is necessary to spend efforts and means for alignmenting sex, you should take into account the few features of this coating:

Laminate under the severity of a person can easily bend. If there are emptiness under it due to uneven sex, over time he can crack.
Locks between panels may disperse if the floor is uneven. As a result, the moisture will fall under the laminate and it will deteriorate from the inside.
Large drops on the surface threaten bloating and cracks.
Panels can creak.
A person will feel the instability of the laminate.

As a result, the laminate will not last long and soon it will have to be changed.

To be sure about the need for a surface alignment procedure, you should pre-make several manipulations:

analyze the floor for the presence of chips, chosel, explicit irregularities;
reveal concrete "waves";
determine whether there are relaxes of the floor.

If one of the listed features was detected, then it is necessary to level the surface.

It is necessary to carefully and slowly inspect the floor. If an incorrect solution is admitted, the floor or will become "walk" under your feet with time or will be in vain, funds for the purchase of materials and time to equalize the coating.

Required materials and tools for floor leveling

The main materials that will allow quality to equalize the floor are cement and sand. But the modern building materials market offers masters to purchase ready-made mixes. They have a number of significant advantages:

have sound insulation properties;
maintain heat;
possess strong fastening properties.

The dry mixes are distinguished separately for concrete and wooden floor. Also there are their types:

Primer - intended to prepare the surface to alignment.
Repair - to eliminate serious defects and flaws.
Sealing - for sealing cracks.

The master will also use tools:

construction beacons (they need to be placed for a screed);
building level;
mixer for mixing the solution;
capacity for kneading.

In addition to tools and materials, it is desirable to enlist support. Otherwise, the task may be unbearable. This is especially true of that period when the screed will be poured.

It is important not to save on materials. Then achieve the result will be much easier.

How to equalize concrete floor under laminate

Often the concrete floor seems perfect coating for mounting laminate. But even he can be uneven. To align it first, you need to eliminate the old coating, clean the surface from garbage, dust and concrete crumbs.

There are three ways to align the concrete floor:

With the help of a concrete screed.
Thanks to the self-leveling mixture.
With the help of plywood and chipboard.

Alignment with a concrete screed

This method can be called perfect if the floor has severe irregularities and flaws. To equalize the floor with this method, you need to install special "beacons". It is also better to do work with the assistant, because one person with the fill of the concrete screed can not cope.

Concrete alignment algorithm using a screed Next:

Using the level to identify the highest floor point. On the perimeter, designate the line to which the screed will reach.
The cord should be pulled to designate this line.
Install "beacons". Strengthen them are necessary slides of the concrete solution. During their installation, you need to constantly monitor their horizontal level. If inaccuracies are revealed, you need to quickly adjust them.
To knead the solution. To do this, it is necessary to mix 1 part of the cement, 3 parts of sand (necessarily sainted) and water. You need to get a homogeneous mass. To get this best to take a drill with a special nozzle and mix thoroughly components.
Focusing on the "beacons" to pour the screed to the level that was noted earlier.
Align the screed. This moment is very important, it depends on it to qualitatively will be done by the procedure.
Using a needle roller remove bubbles from concrete. Treat them you need the entire concrete surface.
Now you need to give the floor to dry. In the meantime, for two days you need to lubricate it with water. You need to wet moderately.
Within two days, remove "beacons".
Places where there were "beacons", pour fresh concrete mortar and sweep up to one level with a floor.
Place the floor with polyethylene and do not open two weeks.

When this time comes out, check whether the screed is completely dried. After a positive result, you can start laying laminate.

The use of self-leveling mixture

This option is optimal if the floor has no serious irregularities. There may be small defects or differences within 5 mm. Plus this method is that it is not necessary to spend time and effort to install "beacons". This is one of the most modern and efficient ways to level the floor.

Phased to fulfill the task in this case means:

Install the highest floor point using construction level.
Mark the line to which the mixture will be poured.
Imbreak the surface with a special mixture.
4. Waterproof the floor.
Prepare a self-leveling mixture using information from instructions for this.
Pour the resulting mass to the level that was marked.
7. Large the surface with a spatula.
Once again, knead the portion of the mixture, pour it and dissolve it. Performing work with parts is due to the fact that the mixture quickly becomes unsuitable. If you do not immediately pour it, then after 15 minutes it is impossible to use it.
Leave the surface to dry. It will take about 3 days. At this time in the room there must be comfortable conditions: there were no drafts and was warm.

When the floor is completely dry, you can think about laying the laminate. If the floor humidity is small (less than 5%), then the installation can be done immediately. If this figure is greater, then the waterproofing and the substrate from the plug should be used so that it absorbs moisture.

This method of floor alignment is suitable for the master - loners. All stages of the process are understandable, they are easy to fulfill, if you refer to the specified algorithm.

Alignment with plywood or chipboard

This method is suitable for room with a high ceiling. The essence of the process is that the dry screed is used. Plywood is not placed on the floor, but on the lags that first need to be installed. As a result, the height of the room decreases by 10 cm.

A positive result in this case is possible only when the lags are arranged according to the horizontal level. If there are depressions, then you need to put the clins, and the extra convexity should be placed.

To align the floor to such methods, you need to perform actions:

With the help level, note to what level the floor will reach.
Perform preparatory work: lay out waterproofing, sound insulation and depreciation.
Install lags. They can be purchased at the finished form and make themselves using bars.
Be sure to control the distances: there should be 3 cm from the walls, and between the lags - 40 - 50 cm.
Secure lags with dowels.
Share plywood or chipboard sheets. It should be leaving the gap between them at 0.2 - 0.4 mm.
Secure sheets by self-draws. You should stick to the step at 50 - 70 cm.

The big advantage of this method is that laminate can be laid immediately. This is a significant time savings that attracts masters.

There is also another "dry" way to align the floor - use dry mixtures.

The algorithm of action will be the following:

Butt the floor with polyethylene to create waterproofing.
Corners close the edge ribbon. It will absorb the sound.
Dry screed is done and leveled.
Located on top of the plasterboard and plywood in two layers.
Secure sheets by self-draws. If there is a plasterboard, the optimal step is 50 mm. If other materials are selected, the screws can be mounted away from each other.

The dry method also appreciated the masters due to the fact that it is not necessary to spend time on the preparation of the solution. As a result, the floor is leveling, the room is isolated from outside sounds, and additional waterproofing will not give materials to lose its appearance and the properties prematurely.

How to equally wooden floor

Align the wooden floor sometimes is very difficult. If the boards are badly damaged, rotted, then they must be replaced. After this, align the surface. You also need to do with lags.

If at first glance the design seems strong, you still need to rip the board and check the lags for strength.

In the event that all the elements are in order, it is enough to use one of the options for alignment of the wooden floor:

cyclishing;
with plywood or chipboard;
shpalian.

Cyclishing - a sure way to make a wooden floor smooth

If we are talking about wood alignment, then a proven way to do this is cyclishing. To do this, use a special car that will make a tree smooth and smooth. The procedure can be carried out without technique, manually. But it is a difficult and long work that will take more than one day.

Before processing the surface of the machine, you need to check all the screws and nails, which are driven into the tree. Any convexity of this character needs to be eliminated: score a hammer and sweeter. Otherwise, the machine can break.

The meaning of cycloying is that the machine removes the top layer of wood, making the surface perfectly smooth. Make manipulation must be carefully without passing the surface of the surface.

Subsequent stage - cleaning of the floor from dirt and dust. After that, you can fit the laminate. Cyclishing allows you to quickly align the floor and get an excellent result. But there is a minus - the cost of the machine. Not everyone can buy it, given that it is not often useful.

In this case, it is worth thinking about her rental.

Using plywood or chipboard

This option is embedded in the same way as during the alignment of the concrete floor. The main difference - the lags are stacked and secured by self-draws.

There should be a layer of waterproofing, insulation and sound-absorbing material between lags. So the floor will not only be smooth, but also warm. Neighbors will also appreciate such entrepreneurship, then that sounds will come less.

Shpalian

This procedure should be carried out with sawdust and PVA glue. This option is considered the most budget, but it can only be used if the floor has no serious irregularities.

Also, the masters attracts the fact that the shtlocking does not really raise the floor, thereby not "eaten" the space in the room.

Wormwood with glue with glue should be carried out in stages:

Install "lighthouses", secure them with nails. Such a device will allow you to monitor the level. If there are no deformed boards and other flaws, then from "lighthouses" you can refuse.
Mix sawdust and PVA glue so that the masses resemble a thick sour cream.
Pour the mixture of space.
The mass quickly settles, so you need to pour at least 2 - 3 times.
Wait when the surface will dry.
To put on top of the dried layer thin paneur (5 mm thick) and secure it with self-draws.

The novice master is useful to know the features of the wooden floor alignment procedure. These recommendations include:

Clear floor from dirt and dust need carefully. Therefore, it is best to use a vacuum cleaner, a brush and other cleansing devices.
Under the floor there are many important communications. In order not to harm, it should be fixed and, if necessary, isolate.
Laminate is laid for many years, therefore it is rational to do everything so that it was comfortable to walk. To do this, insulate the floor.
All nails must be complicated - this is the main point of the preparatory stage.
It is important not to miss the step of putty and grinding. Then the surface will become even smoother and smooth.
Between the flooring should not be emptiness. Otherwise, wet air under the floor will come through them. As a result, the tree will quickly begin to deteriorate and have to be changed completely. You can close the voids with wooden stripes, which first need to lubricate with glue.
If cyclishing is selected for the procedure, the master must be prepared: have special glasses, respirator, earplug. It is important to close the windows tightly, but best to close them with a tape.
The cyclove implies the start of work from the angle. You need to move diagonally. After that - to go perpendicular to the past path.
For rubbing irregularities, you need to use sandpaper. It is better to stop your choice on fine-grained.

In the event that the wooden floor has completely rotted, it needs to be disrupted entirely and smooth a concrete base. After that, the already known scheme laying the laminate.

Floor alignment is not easy. The choice of technique depends on the set of factors: the height of the ceilings in the room, the surface relief, its problemability and dilapidation.

It is also necessary to pay attention to the preparation of the master and the presence of assistants nearby. If we talk about durability, the laying of laminate on the concrete floor is considered more reliable. Even after many years have passed, such a design will hold. But it is better to work with this surface with an assistant to do everything perfect.

The tree is easier to handle, but there is no complete confidence that moisture will not fall into the middle and with time will not spoil the base.

The alignment of the floor will require additional spending time and funds for the purchase of materials, but it is possible to be sure that the laminate falls perfectly and will last much longer.

Under the alignment of the floor, it is usually due to the creation of a horizontal plane of the floor. But everything is not so obvious as it seems. The plane of the floor may not be strictly horizontal - one angle may be higher than another on a centimeter-other, but the plane will be smooth (although not strictly horizontal).

If the floor does not have a plane at all, then he is simply a curve and even walk on it uncomfortable. It is clear that you need to align. But if the floor plane is smooth, but it is not quite horizontal, is it necessary to align? Here you have to look at a specific situation. Aligned strictly horizontally due to the fact that if the floor is "littered", it can be noticeable on the furniture (for example, it will be visible on the wardrobe, and here the kitchen furniture legs are adjustable, it is not scary there). But if the plane of the floor is smooth, though not strictly horizontal, and there are no long cabinets - you can leave as it is.

However, if you still have to align the floor across the apartment - it is better to level strictly "in the level" so that it does not fall somewhere curvature. If you need to align only part of the apartment, and in the other part it is not required, then everything is a little more difficult. Suppose it is necessary to align the floor under the tile in the corridor and in the kitchen; And in the rooms there will be a laminate - you can not align there. If you try to level into the level - for sure the old floor is slightly littered, and on the doors in the room it will be a layer of centimeter three. There will not be no longer able to align under the laminate, it will not be a step on the threshold. In such a situation, it is better to align not in terms of level, but try to make a smaller layer on the thresholds so that you don't have to raise the floor in the rooms.

Cases when the floor must be aligned

On the floor, concrete slabs, and between the plates of the differences of several centimeters.
They removed the old parquet or organitis on bitumen mastic, there were big glades of mastic.
Old wooden floor creaks and walks.
There is an old screed, but she is quite a curve.
On the floor there will be a tile.
You want to make a warm floor. The classic warm floor is filled with a screed. Now the warm floors from the film appeared - they simply spread under the laminate, but there prices are biting.

Other reasons, for example, if you need to hide the electrical wires into the screed, cannot be considered a sufficient basis in order to communicate with the alignment of the floors. The same wires, for example, can be hidden in the stroke, in the extreme case - in the box.

Another frequent situation when on the floor concrete slabs. The plates themselves seem to be even, but it is uneven: between the plates of the differences. In typical houses, the stakes are usually kept on the walls. As a result, the differences are visible only on door thresholds, the rest is hidden by the walls. To leve out because of this, the floors across the entire apartment - considerably, and nothing to do. It is enough to align "no" the differences on the thresholds.