Currant how to care for spring. Currant care in spring tips of experienced gardeners. Processing against diseases and pests

Currant is a tasty and useful berry that contains many vitamins and nutrients. To get good crops every year, you need to know how the processing and feeding of currant is performed in the spring, and what features different fertilizers have.

Both black and red and white currant grows well in the shade and is distinguished by unpretentiousness to the quality of the soil. However, in the absence of proper care, the bushes can degenerate that negatively affects yields.

Spring care includes the following activities:

• Trimming.
• Watering.
• Prevention of pests and diseases.
• Making fertilizers.

Spring work on the leaf care is beginning immediately after the melting of the last snow, when the temperature of at least 4-5 degrees of heat will be installed on the street. The leaves that fell autumn from the bush contribute to the accumulation of excess moisture. A wet soil is an ideal medium for breeding pests and develop various diseases. Therefore, the early spring should be removed from under the bushes all the leaves.

Too thick plants are recommended to break through the trimming of old branches. This will increase the yield and quality of fruits, improve the growth of new shoots. Old are all branches whose age exceeds 4 years. They, unlike young branches, give very little harvest.

If there are a large number of shoots, it is necessary to leave no more than 5-8 of the worst and large among them, and the rest of the trim. To actively formed side shoots, which usually differ in good fruiting, it should be a little bit to cut the ends of all twigs. Cutting is necessarily required on the bushes older than 5-7 years, since this age plants stop growing, aging and begin to give less berries. The removal of dry and old trunks is carried out before the movement of the juice and the dissolution of the kidneys.

After melting of the snow, the soil remains wet for a long time, so watering shrubs do not require. In the absence of a sufficient number of spring precipitation, the plant must be wrapped with warm water. It must be borne in mind that currants do not like cold water.

With the onset of spring, not only plants wake up, but also pests. Whew, fires, buddies, shields are able to destroy all plantings and leave gardener without a crop. In order to avoid this early spring, prophylactic treatment of bushes is carried out. Since guessing in advance which permit will attack the currants, it is impossible, experienced gardeners are recommended to use comprehensive preparations. Many of them help get rid of diseases and pests at the same time.

Although preventive treatment is very important to protect bushes, it is necessary to take into account that during their flowering, it is impossible to use potent drugs. This is due to the fact that such funds can burn flowers and destroy insect pollinators.

Objectives of spring feeding and processing currant

Fertilizer makes it possible to saturate the plant with nutrients, increase yield and resistance to diseases, improve flavors of berries.

Some types of nutrient mixtures have antiseptic properties. They contribute to the destruction of fungi and bacteria that cause crown diseases.

Timing of spring processing

The feeder is required throughout the vegetation stage.

If when boarding a young seedling, the necessary fertilizers were introduced under the root, then such a feed currants for 2-3 years. Bushes over 2-3 years old required to feed each spring.

Before blossom

Currant - a long-term shrub, which throughout his life constantly absorbs from the soil necessary for its growth and the development of a substance. Therefore, it requires regular mineral feeding.

The first feeding of berry shrubs should be started to spend before the appearance of the kidneys. This allows you to improve the process of increasing green mass, prepare a plant in the colors tab, from which berries will later grow. To achieve these goals, nitrogen fertilizers are made under the bushes, as well as drugs containing phosphorus and potassium.

During flowering

The enrichment of the soil with useful components during the flowering period contributes to the better growth of fruits, an increase in their taste, quantity and sizes. During rains and in cool weather, when there is a danger of poor binding fruit, it is recommended to carry out an extraordinary feeder by spraying the bushes with an aquarium, plantafide or a solution of boric acid. It is preparing at the rate of 1 g per 10 liters of water.

Methods and types of feeding

Nutrients can be made in two ways:

1. Root.
2. Extra -orn.

The most popular and effective is the root method, although in some cases the extraxornica allows you to get the best results.

Root feeding

The root assumes watering the bush under the root of the nutrient solution, or introducing dry granules into the well, followed by the sprinkle of the earth and abundant irrigation. Gradually dissolving under the influence of irrigation or rains, the granules provide a shrub of the necessary nutrients for several weeks.

Extra-green subcords

Extra-corner feeders are spraying of the leaves with a solution of fertilizer. Extra-root feeders are characterized by smaller efficiency compared to root. Most often, they are used as needed, when any problems with the plant appear. They are usually used in summer.

Testing the insufficient number of berries in cold weather is due to the fact that even if there is a necessary useful element in the soil, they can be absolutely absorbed due to reduced temperatures. The optimal solution in such situations can be spraying leaves and flowers with nutritional compositions.

Than to feed currants in the spring

As mentioned above, in the spring time, currants especially need nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. Accordingly, it is necessary to use drugs saturated by the plant listed by trace elements.

As such, the ammonium nitrate, nitroammophos, carbamide (urea), or the organic, korovyan, chicken litter, ash and others are used.

Nitrogen

The introduction of nitrogen fertilizers contributes to the intensive growth of green foliage. Undeveloped, small leaves receive little sunlight and useful substances, which leads to weakening, the painfulness of currant bushes.

• Urea is divorced at the rate of 10-15 g of dry powder or granules on 10 liters of water, or 1 m².
• For the preparation of a solution of ammonium nitrates 15-20g dissolved in a bucket of water.

Mineral fertilizers

Today, there are many different minerals designed to enrich the soil by potassium, calcium, magnesium, nitrogen and other useful substances. Many of these drugs contain several components at once, and have a comprehensive effect.

Granulated, powdered or liquid mineral supplements must be made strictly according to the instructions, since the oversupply of trace elements in spring time can cause the development of some currant diseases.

Potassian subcord

In addition to nitrogen and phosphorus, the most important element that is required for the right growth and development of this plant is potassium. Its deficiency leads to accumulation in ammonia cells, as a result of which plants become susceptible to fungal diseases. In connection with the cessation of the production of complex carbohydrates and the formation of protein, the shoots are beginning to die.

Tasic fertilizers include:

• Potassium chloride, which, except potassium, contains chlorine. This element contributes to the acidification of the soil and deterioration of the growth of currant.
• Sulkish potassium, which contains sulfur. The feeding of fruit bushes with this drug is the most optimal.
• Calimagnesia - Contains magnesium, suitable for spring feeding.

Phosphoric fertilizers

Phosphorus has a positive effect on the development of shrub roots, as well as on the process of booking berries and their number. The main portion of this element the plant should receive in the spring when it just begins to develop and grow. The lack of phosphorus leads to a decrease in the number of uncess and deterioration of the taste of berries. On its basis, the following types of mineral supplements are manufactured:

• Ammophos.
• Superphosphate.
• Phosphoritic flour.

Comprehensive fertilizers

To feed the currants with mineral fertilizers, you can use the following drugs:

• Nitroammofoska provides a comprehensive feeding of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. For the preparation of the solution, 20-30 g of pellets on the water bucket are taken. For an adult bush requires about 5 l of nutrient fluid.
• Diammofoska - also contains nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. The solution is prepared in the same way as in the case of nitroamophos.
• Kalivial Selith (contains potassium and nitrogen).
• Calimagnesia (contains potassium and magnesium).

Also, for complex feeding, you can take 20-30 g of superphosphate, which contains phosphorus and nitrogen, and 15-20 g of potassium sulfate. These components are dissolved in 10 liters of water and 5 liters of solution are introduced under each bush. In the absence of potassium sulfate, it is possible to replace it with a potash salt. But, since it relates to fertilizer chloride, for feeding red and white varieties of currant is better not to apply.

To enrich the lowland soil, experienced gardeners give advice to use the following way:

• The korlard is diluted at 10l water.
• Then add to solution 1 tbsp. Spoon ammonium nitrate.

Shrubs are watered with the resulting means, poured into each concentrated circle of 3 l of nutrient fluid. Corobyan can be replaced by chicken litter.

After mixed sulfurous potassium with superphosphate at the rate of 1: 2, and the dry mixture is made. Next, the pits are cheered and watered.

Folk remedies for feeding

Adherents of environmentally friendly products are used by enriching natural origin additives that do not contain in harmful chemical compounds. The most common means are chicken, duck, goose, horsepower, korovyan, ash, yeast and others.

Ammonia alcohol and urea

Some gardeners use the ammonia alcohol. This drug is aqueous 10% ammonia solution. It has a nitrogen component that is easily absorbed by the currant bushes and contributes to the rapid growth of greenery. The ammonia alcohol has a sharp unpleasant odor, thanks to which it scares the pests-insects - TRU, ants, wires.

Mixing the ammonic alcohol with urea allows you to saturate plants with nitrogen, however, not to burn the leaves and do not harm shrubs, you should not make a solution at large concentrations. Urea (carbamide) is a fertilizer containing about 46% of nitrogen. To prepare the fertilizer, it will be necessary to dissolve in a bucket of water 1 hour a spoon of ammonia and 10 g of carbamide. Such a means you can handle bushes both root and extraordinated way.

In the case of using the ammonic alcohol as an independent fertilizer, without urea, in 10 liters of water dissolve 1 tbsp. Spoon of the drug.

Iodine

Another pharmaceutical agent, which is used on the homeland sections to care for currant - iodine. It is introduced into the soil with a weakened immunity of currant, exposure to fungi and rot, lagging behind young seedlings in growth. This trace element contributes to the improvement of the taste of berries, increase the content in their composition of vitamin C.

Iodine has an antiseptic effect, destroys rotting and bacteria, stimulates the process of nitrogen exchange in the soil.

The working solution is prepared at the rate of 1 drop of 5% iodine per 1 liter of water. For irrigation of currant, it is recommended to add several drops of fresh milk to such a means. Before you make this feeding into the ground, it must be carefully pouring.

Boric acid

Bor is a microelement that increases the yield and calcium digestibility, improves the respiration of the root system, increases the sugartyness of fruits, has an antiseptic effect. Boric acid watered or sprayed bushes growing on skinny soils.

The working solution is prepared as follows:

• 1 g boron is poured with water heated to a temperature of 80 degrees (but not boiling water) in an amount of 500 ml.
• The solution is thoroughly mixed and stored for 2-3 hours.
• Then they pour the tool into the 10-liter water bucket.

Currant is watered by conventional water, and then bring under each adult bush for 2-3 l boric mortar.

Ash

The ash sates the cultures of potassium and phosphorus, and also contains calcium, zinc, sulfur, magnesium. The advantage of this type of fertilizer is an excellent digestibility of its plants, as well as the absence of chlorine harmful to currant.

Fertilizing currant bushes is necessary by making under each shrub of 3 glasses of ash. It improves the growth of the roots and branches, increases fertility and taste of berries, protects against pests and diseases.

Yeast

Thanks to this universal substance, the endurance of fruit crops increases, the processes of rooting and buildup of the vegetative mass are stimulated, resistance to diseases and pests increases. The yeast contributes to the activation of the activities of the useful microorganisms in the soil, so the currants gratefully responded to feeding with the use of this fund.

To properly prepare a solution for watering, you will need:

• 10 g dry yeast.
• 500 ml of chicken litter.
• 2 ash handlers.
• 100 g sugar.
• A bucket of water.

Water is heated to 30 degrees and dissolve the ingredients listed above. Under each bush brought 3-4 liters of yeast solution.

Hydrogen peroxide

This medical preparation for its properties resembles rainwater without harmful impurities. When irrigating the Earth, the amount of oxygen atoms, which saturated roots, significantly improving the growth of currant and harvest is increased by a solution of hydrogen peroxide. This substance displaces pesticides, scares ticks, midges, shields and other pest insects. It is possible to use it both for watering and for spraying shrubs. The working solution is prepared at the rate of 1 tbsp. Spoon of peroxide on 1 liter of water. If you wish in a prepared liquid, you can add 1-2 drops of iodine, which will increase the effectiveness of the feeding.

Manure

After winter, the currants can be picked up with organic fertilizers, which applies:

• Chicken litter (1:20).
• Korovyan (1:10).
• Ash.

Chicken litter contains several times more nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compared with a cow. In its nutritional values, it is not inferior to shopping mineral fertilizers. Corobyan, horsepower, duck litter have a softer action compared to chicken. When preparing a solution based on the latter, it is necessary to respect special caution so as not to harm the currant bushes.

Manganese

With the help of a mortar of manganese, it is possible to disinfect soil and planting materials, prevent the development of diseases, feed the bushes and increase their resistance to pests.

The manganese prevents the damage to the torment. For the prevention and treatment of this disease, a potash salter (50 g) and manganese (3 g) can be dissolved in 10 liters of water. The solution is used to spray shoots and leaves. Watering plants with such a mixture will help to saturate the soil by manganese, nitrogen and potassium, get rid of fungi and pests.

Copper Kuner

Copper sulfate is an excellent tool in the treatment and prevention of fungal diseases. This substance is used when dealing with moniliosis, parsh, anthracnose, septorize, powdery dew, rust, black spottedness.

Copper vigoros is a contact fungicide that replenishes copper deficiency in the soil without having a harmful effect on plants and insect pollinators.

For the preparation of the working solution, 300 g of the drug dissolves in a bucket of water. Under each currant bush is made 2 liters.

Urea

The second name of the carbamide is urea. This is a concentrated nitrogen fertilizer, which is used for spring black currants and other varieties of this fruit-berry culture. Its use during the formation of buds can cause reducing yield.

Urea can be made to the soil in dry form in the root wells, as well as used for spraying or irrigated irrigation. For spraying in 1 liter of water, 5-10 g of carbamide is dissolved, and for watering it will take 600 g of the means per bucket of water.

Bordeaux mixture

When adding lime and copper vitrios to water, a bordeaux liquid is obtained, which has fungicidal properties and copes well with many diseases of currant. In horticulture, this tool is used to spray the bushes. So that the fluid used is better adhesive to the leaves, you can add a small amount of sugar into it.

To prepare the mixture, it will be necessary to dissolve 100 g of copper vapor and 150 g of lime.

Superphosphate

Phosphoric mineral fertilizer that is well soluble in water. In addition to phosphorus, this tool may contain sulfur, nitrogen, molybdenum, boron. The composition of the drug depends on its variety - simple, granular, double or ammoniated.

Superphosphate feeders contribute to improved root growth, slowing the process of aging of plants, accelerating the offensive of the phase of fruction, increase the sucrosiness of the berries.

Stages of making filtering currant in spring

It is necessary to care for fruit shrubs throughout the year. The first time fertilizer is brought after swelling the kidneys, the second - before the start of flowering, the third - during active flowering. The fourth, the last feeder is held in the fall or at the end of the summer, when the harvest is already assembled.

After prolonged winter cold, currant bushes are in a weakened state. And if they are not replanted for a new place for a long time, the soil is depleted under them, which leads to a decrease in the harvest. To correct the situation and enjoy large, tasty and useful berries, regular feeding of currant should be carried out.

Which of the gardeners did not succumb to temptation and did not put in his summer cottage stretching currant bush? This is a very popular berry. It is added to the composition of jam, compote, jam and just eaten from the bush. This berry has not only a pleasant sour taste, but also contains a huge number of useful vitamins, including vitamin C. Only imagine what delicious smell from tea with currant leaves. But for the bush to take root on your site, and most importantly, pleased you and your closets with their juicy fruits from the very summer until autumn, it is necessary to properly approach care. Of particular importance is to care for currant in spring.

It only looks like it seems that currants, quite yourself, independent shrub. In fact, without proper care and help of a person, the bush will quickly come into disrepair, and did not have time to give a good harvest.

Care folds immediately from several components. He is very painstaking, but, at the same time, necessary. If you know how to handle the currant in the spring time, then in the summer you will receive an otnaya harvest from delicious, bulk berries. If the care does not spend, then you risk abandoning the essential harvest share, and over time and lose the bush at all.

Many gardeners note that a profitable location, constant feeding does not work if there are no such important components as:

• trimming;
• garter;
• timely watering;
• rejuvenation and so on.

It turns out that the currants are no different from vegetables on the bed, which require care and cultivation by man.

But in such a painstaking and thorough care there are posses. For example, it is proved by the experimental way that the bushes with which spring preparation and processing are carried out are more sweet, sweaty berries, and the volume of the crop exceeds the harvest from the bush, which remained without attention. Only for this it is worth applying their efforts.

Prices for currant seedlings

saplings of currants

Stages of care

When to start?

When to start to care for currants? The preparation needs to be exercised already in early spring, when the snow went down, the first dirt appeared, and the thermometer's column stopped at 0 degrees and went in a plus. That is, your actions need to be carried out before the first kidneys will dissolve.

Correctly select the weather for your actions. If there is a minus temperature, freezing, cold winds, then it is worth waiting a couple of weeks. If it is clear, the sun shines, the wind is not strong or not at all, and the temperature allows you to work in the garden, you can begin training.

Important! Carefully examine the weather forecast. In the near future, there should be no strong precipitation, the cooling is not foreshadowed.

In many ways, the choice of weather conditions for the implementation of preparatory actions to the summer period depends on the region of your residence. It is likely that in the southern regions, the cultivation of currant begins much earlier, but in the middle lane of Russia and the north of gardeners start their actions only by mid-April.

Preparation of land

By the summer season, it is necessary to cook not only the bush himself, but also the land around.

You should be armed with rakes. Around the currant bush, you need to remove all the dropped foliage, last year's garbage, branches and other foreign objects. It is important to leave just naked land. The garbage should not be left under the bushes, it is better to burn it.

If you do not conduct such preparatory activities, then risk bringing the roots of the currant currant to boot. In a loose layer of garbage, larvae can start, which will quickly be powered by a shrub. Next you need to break the soil. If the temperature is already warm enough, the first weeds appear, they need to be urgently removed.

At first, after winter jellows, currants needed a lot of moisture. In order to preserve it in the ground and keep, you need to make the prioric circles around the currant branches. They will be mulched with fertilizers:

• grass;
• overwhelmed with manure;
• compost;
• humus;
• chicken litter.

Such a reception will allow you to get rid of the problem of dry bushes, as well as to avoid frequent irrigations. Also, weeding under the bush will be much less formed.

Now you should leave the bush until the warm temperature is set. That is, if the preparatory actions in the middle lane of Russia have been conducted from the middle to the end of March, now it is necessary to leave before mid-April. At this point, if there is no strong cooling, you can proceed to the following actions.

Processing from pests

Also, like other representatives of the flora, currant is not protected from pests. Especially dangerous for currants such insects like ticks and bugs. In order to protect the plant and the future harvest from pests, you need to carry out useful prevention.

The processing of currant from pests is both preventive and therapeutic nature. By carrying out these measures, you will contribute to the enhanced increase in the bush, the formation of a larger number of fruits.

1. First of all, pruning is carried out. All dried up or rotten over the winter branches are removed.
2. Broken branches, small shoots, which, most likely, will not go into growth, are also deleted.
3. From the bush remove all last year's leaves.
4. If there are loose kidneys that are somewhat swollen and have a fuzzy contour, they need to be urgently removed, because these are pests that are waiting for the weather and can be multiplied.

One of the best ways to process currant from ticks and bugs is the use of boiling water. This method is good in that it does not contain chemical poisons, as well as positively affects the plant itself. This folk method was used since the most long-time, and left only positive impressions about himself.

1. It is necessary to conduct this procedure until the moment of swelling and the very dissolving kidneys.
2. Heat steep boiling water.
3. Take an enameled watering can, which has a shower nozzle. It is necessary in order to watering with boiling water as possible as uniform.
4. Boiling water must be pouring into a watering can and quickly wipe the plant branch over the branch. It is necessary to produce a procedure quickly so that the water is not cooled.
5. You need to capture absolutely all shoots and the resulting kidneys.

Such an action will shore currants from the thoughts, bugs, ticks and other harmful insects. Also, steep boiling water treatment is an excellent prophylaxis from the fungal diseases of the bush, which is very relevant in the spring-summer period. But this is not the only way to combat pests.

In addition to boiling water, you can use herbal infusions and garden var. They can add various home billets, such as the infusion of dandelion, tobacco, onion husk, soda solution, purestala, garlic, mustard powder. It all depends on the variety of your currant, as well as the effect you want to achieve. We do not recommend using chemistry in the garden, since, most likely, many of your households will want to enjoy berries directly from the bush. And here is not excluded poisoning poison.

If the folk remedies turned out to be ineffective in the fight against pests, and the experience of past years showed that insects still attack such mounted bushes of berries, you can resort to the use of special preparations. The most popular and acting are:

• Accility;
• Kinmix;
• Nero;
• Sulpirid.

These drugs will help to fight pests, however, eating a berry from the bush will be dangerous.

Prices for the drug Topaz

preparation Topaz

Podkord

Not the last place in the question of the preparation of the currant to the summer season is given to the feeding. Currant is quite unpretentious berry. But if you take care of additional vitamins and minerals for her, it will delight you with an incredible harvest.

Mineral, organic and other feeders are widely used. It is important not to overdo it here, because the oversaturation of useful elements can also reflect the growth of seedlings.

The amount and method of feeding directly depends on the age of your bush.

Table 1. Features of feeding.

Year of Life	Features of subcord
After landing	Immediately after disembarking, currants will not require additional fertilizers and vitamins. If the currant was planted on a fairly poor soil or sparky old trees arrive around it, then in this case, of course, the bush is better to feed. For this, the fertilizer is put in advance in the landing pit, after which the seedlings are placed there. At this stage, the exercise of the feeding is stopped.
Second year	Active actions on the feeding of the currant bush begins from the second year of life. In the second year of life, the plant needs fertilizers in which nitrogen acts as an active substance. It contributes to active growth and rapid formation of berries. You need to exercise feeding at the moment when the kidneys begin to bloom. One of the most popular recipes is: 30 g Selitra ammonia is bred in a bucket of water and pour into the ground under the bush.
Third year	At this time, currants need mineral fertilizers, the active substance in which potassium and phosphorus acts. Also, this year, organic feeders, humic fertilizers and compositions prepared by their own hands can be used. Not excess will be ash. It is also necessary to carry out the feeder, after the dissolution of the first kidney.
Fourth, fifth year	The fourth and fifth year feeding is carried out as well as on the third year of the life of the bush. However, the activity activity can be supported. At this time, preference should be given to purchased mixtures that contain all the necessary substances and minerals.

It is important to exercise not only in the spring, but also in the fall, after harvesting, before preparing the plant to winter hibernation. But spring, most important time, and here you can affect the quantity and quality of the future harvest. Here are some tips that use experienced gardeners when feeding their bushes.

1. At the moment when the currant bears begins to grow actively, you need to prepare the following mixture: half a teaspoon of boric acid needs to be mixed with 8 liters of water room temperature. This solution is thoroughly stirred and sprayed with currant. Such a simple way will help you increase the number of shoots several times, and therefore increase and harvest.
2. Another method proposes to make a solution of 50 g of urea and 80 g of superphosphate. This mixture must be dissolved in 10 liters of water. Spraying is performed. This method affects the taste of the future berries, and also makes shoots stronger and rustier.

Prices for superphosphate

superphosphate

Trimming

Trimming is carried out in two stages: in the autumn and spring period. But in the spring, basic manipulations are carried out that allow you to prepare a bush to a hot fly and the successful ending of the yield season.

Look carefully on the bush. If the branches are growing in the bush, then it is not good. They make a bush thick, but at the same time are not useful, do not allow the bustle to be fron at full. So, branches that grow inward better cut.

If the branches are crossed, they remove both both, in order to avoid recurrence.

If you have noticed that last year did not grow up the root shoots, then you need to make a rich trim, shorting them by three quarters of length. If, and such a trimming last season did not help, you need to snatch each third weak branch from the ground along with the roots.

If your bush is currant adult, his age is over 6 years old, then it should be up to 15 escapes of different in age. It is not difficult to achieve this. Every year you need to trim the old stems from which the bark begins to be flawed, and in some places they have become dry. As soon as you cut the old stem to the hemp itself, then notice, a new escape will appear in the soil. It will grow straight out of the roots. The next spring, this escape needs to be shortened, while leaveing \u200b\u200bonly three kidneys from the ground.

If you notice that too many shoots appear from the roots, then remove everything except the two most powerful.

Many gardeners cannot distinguish old stems from young. And indeed, in the case of currant it is extremely difficult. Therefore, the risk of cutting young shoots appears, and leave to live on the bush old. How to distinguish a young escape from the old?

1. Old has a gray bark.
2. It's never berries on it or they are dry.
3. It is best viewed with old shoots in the spring when the plant still does not bloom and is not poured with juice.
4. Look at the branches. They have rings. They show the number of years of each branch. If they are older than 5 or 6 years, then shoots need to delete urgently. They will not bring a good harvest.

If we are talking about black currant, which grows on your site, it brings a good harvest on the growths that appeared a year earlier. These increments are light, flexible with juice. If you correctly implemented the pruning last season, then, as a result of this, you will get a good increase.

However, new branches do not need to be left in full. They are cut smoothly twice. Currant - a plant is very frosty. It is able to withstand temperatures up to - 40 degrees Celsius. That is why the branches that took the flow of temperature on themselves, and this is external shoots, should also be removed. Most likely, they were damaged by frost. It is necessary to remove external branches by 2/3 of the total number, to the second kidney.

If you have noticed that dark wood appeared on the cut after the cold winter, it means that the escape was still died from low temperatures and precipitation. It is necessary to trim the branch until the piece of healthy white wood appears.

Rejuvenation

Most often, the bushes grow, the age of which exceeds 10 years. The owners take care of their plants, but it must be borne in mind that as soon as the currants will oversail the threshold at 10 years old, care must change dramatically. Newly necessary annual procedures appear, which are carried out in the spring.

If your bush comes up to age for 15 years, then you need to carry out rejuvenating procedures. For this, about a third of all stems are cut. Do not regret shoot, otherwise, you risk getting old not fruiting bush. Leave only three strongest escapes.

The next year, in the spring period, three old branches are cut out again. Leave only three new escapes that appeared as a substitution.

At the third year, absolutely all old shoots are removed, new ones are left. If in the very center of the bush grow enough shooting shoots and branches, then you do not need to give them a chance. Remove them immediately, even without leaving hemp. New strong branches will appear in their place.

The bush begins to wake, if a new continuation of the plant is beginning to appear from the ground. If feeding and careful care does not help in this matter, you will need an emergency rejuvenating measure. This is a strong trimming that removes almost half of all shoots on the bushes. Persecutions should be subjected to young and old branches. Read more about Currant trimming timing, you can read in.

Important! You should not leave the currant under the bush all cut shoots. They must be burned immediately, otherwise, not to avoid rotting.

Reproduction

Spring is a great time in order to multiply a good currant bush. If you are satisfied with your ward, she is from year to year happy harvest you, why not double the pleasure? The reproduction of currant is carried out in the spring, at this time you can get excellent growth. The weather itself is favorably to get an excellent harvest.

Cherenca

The reproduction of cuttings is one of the easiest ways. For its implementation, you need to take cuttings from last year, which appeared in May and are located at the ends of the branches. Their thickness and length must match the usual pencil.

The lower end of the torn branch must be cut under the tilt of the sharp secateur. The top is cut straight. From cut escape you need to remove all the leaves.

This cutlets need to land obliquely, dropping three bottom kidneys into the ground. It is worth noting that in order for it better to go, the earth must be mixed with sand.

Avoid direct sunlights that will destroy the cuttings. Pay attention to abundant watering and wind protection.

Digging

This is also a fairly simple way, known to every gardener.

At first glance, it may seem that spring care for currant is a complex and time-consuming process. In fact, each bush will require quite a bit of time for each surgery at the end of winter and spring. This work on the principle of "did and wait for the harvest", but everything must be done on time.

• prevention of diseases
• protection against pests
• pruning.

The first season treatment from pests

Currant often suffers from pests-insects: kidging currant tick, glass, fond and others. Problems also create fungal and viral diseases, for example, anthracnose leaves. Therefore, without treatments at the gardener there is little chance of a good harvest.

Without spring processing, currant will be subject to various diseases, for example, anthracnose

The first processing is carried out at the end of winter or early in spring in several ways:

• bushes are hampered by boiling water. The short-term impact of hot water does not harm the crust and sleeping kidney, but the tick is guaranteed to be tick, as well as the disputes of malicious fungi. Terms of this processing are long and differ by region. For example, in Belarus, it can be done in the middle of winter, if there are no snowdrifts that closing the bushes, and in the Urals it is better in spring - until the plant starts to wake up and the first signs of the beginning of the propagation and swelling of the kidneys will appear. This time is well determined by the appearance of a lung green haze on the bush. It is believed that the shock shake of boiling water also enhances the immunity of the plant;
• sometimes gardeners to enhance the effect are added to boiling water by manganese before obtaining a weakly pink color, a tablespoon of salt or 50 g of iron or copper mood by 10 liters of water;
• if for some reason it was not possible to process the early spring processing, carried it at the end of March or early April, be sure to completely swelling the kidneys, the following solution: 10 liters of warm water 500-700 g of carbamide (urea) and 50 g of copper or iron vitriol. This is a very powerful concentration of urea, but under the bush gets quite a bit and in the future it will work as nitrogen feeding;
• this recipe for the tick is also used - a solution of colloidal sulfur, 10 g per 10 liters of water.

Video: Watering currant boiling water

Spring trimming

Trimming is carried out early in spring, until the swelling swelling. In the southern regions, for example, in Belarus, you can cut the bushes during the entire period of rest, because there is no risk of freezing the location of the cut.

From processing boiling water melts snow on a bush of currant - you can proceed to trimming

Crimping bushes of different ages is different, but there is one general condition. The best currant berries gives on the growth of last year. It is impossible to cut them, otherwise the harvest of this year is cut in the literal sense. Fruits of currant and on three-year branches, and older, but most large berries - on two-year-olds that began growth last year. To distinguish them in appearance is very simple - the bark is much lighter than that of older branches.

Spring cropping currant is carried out every year:

Such an annual trimming rejuvenates old bushes and extends the active fruction of currant.

Video: Spring cropping currant

Protection against frozen

Currant flowers are very sensitive to frost. Therefore, in the northern latitudes of the middle strip of Russia (in particular, in the Urals), it is not recommended to plant grades that bloom too early. But even late-driving varieties can suffer from returned cold weather, and sudden frosts are in more warm edges, including Belarus. In this case, you need to have a light nonwoven underfloor material, which you can close the blooming bush during frosts without damaging flowers and young leaves. Such material is guaranteed to save from frost to -2 ° C.

Gentle flowers of red currant are afraid of frosts, so in the case of frosts they need to be covered with nonwoven

Mulching and loosening

The root currant system is very close to the surface, so the loosening and weeding is carried out very carefully, to the depth of no more than 1-3 cm. In the spring, it is quite enough to destroy all weeds, because at this time they are still poorly developed and did not have time to root deeply .

After loosening and weeding the soil, you need to fall asleep mulch - she will not give the earth to disperse and stop the growth of weeds. But it is impossible to do it too early. It is necessary to wait for heat to sprout most of the seeds of weeds and warmed the soil for normal growth of currant. Under mulch soil after winter will be very long to remain ice. Therefore, weeding, loosening and mulching are held late in the spring, when the Earth warms up to the depth and germinate most of the weeds.

Mulching currant in the spring can be carried out only when the earth warms well in the depths

In the cold regions (in particular, in the Urals), the surface roots of the currant can freeze. They are well winter under a thick layer of snow that fell to strong frosts. Since such weather conditions are not always, many gardeners are tested by the mulch ground under the bush and in the fall. If the bush walked under mulch, in the spring, as early as possible, it is cleaned, to quickly warm up the earth, and then pushing a new one, already to protect against weeds.

Making fertilizers

Currant is demanding of the organic matter, therefore it is better to use with a fertilizer to overwhelm dung, humid or compost.

Currant spoke well on organic fertilizers

In addition to feeding during landing, each spring currants feed with nitrogen fertilizers:

• carbamide (urea),
• ammonia Selitra
• ammonium sulfate (sulfate ammonium).

Fertilizers scatter over the surface before quenching and loosening from the calculation of 15 g per 1 kV. m.

It is necessary to know that ammonium sulfate in its properties - sour fertilizer, can significantly pour the soil if not at a time, then over the years, and smorodine needs a weak-oxygen soil with a pH of about 6.5. Therefore, ammonium sulfate is desirable to bring with lime-flush, dolomite flour or wood ash, which quench the acid.

Currant care must be carried out throughout the year. These bushes grow almost every day or in the garden, but not everyone knows how to handle the plant. And this is reflected in the crop. In order for it to be rich, it is necessary to carry a jog, watering, cropping a shrub, soil and other procedures. Periodically, it is necessary to deal with various diseases and pests (but it is best to carry out prevention).

In the spring for currants, it is necessary to care for this:

1. 1. Watering. It must be carried out in late spring, when the snow completely melted, and the soil is already dried.
2. 2. Processing boiling water. The procedure should be carried out even before the kidneys dissolve. Bushes need to be pouring boiling water. This is an old folk remedy, which is used to prevent pulse dews and other diseases, pests. It is enough to boil the water bucket, and then from the watering can make a hot shower for the bush. Pour water relies on the central part of the stem and branches. At this time, boiling water will not harm the shrub, so you can not worry.
3. 3. Processing of the priority circle. When the soil snacks a little in the spring, it is supposed to dispel with robbles. Even additionally, you can clic up with a compost or humus. When the grass starts to grow, the last one will have to rinse, it can also be used for mulching, but only before it is thoroughly crushed. It must be borne in mind that such a layer takes a lot of nitrogen during rotting. To fill the lack of this component in the ground, it is recommended to water the space around the bruises with a solution of urea - enough 1 tbsp. l. Substances on 10 liters of water.
4. 4. Support. In the spring, a large amount of nitrogen is necessary. For example, such fertilizers like urea and ammonium nitrate are suitable. The first rely on 10 g per 1 square. m, and the second to 15 years, even during flowering, experts advise to add starch under the bush. This will increase yield. It is necessary in 10 liters of water to dissolve 300 g of potato starch and water the bushes under the root.
5. 5. Warming. When the blossom starts, but there is a risk of frosts at night, it is necessary to warm the bushes with a special underpressure material.

Summer care is as follows:

1. 1. Watering. Currant is a moisture culture, so much water is required. It is impossible to succeed soil. Because of this, berries begin to crumble. It is necessary to water only under the root. In dry weather you need to do it once a week for 5 buckets of water for each bush. Spraying with ordinary water can not be carried out, as it provokes the development of malical dew.
2. 2. loosening. It must be done after each watering. Thanks to such a procedure, the roots will have access to oxygen. By the way, the currant root system is superficial, so it is impossible to use a shovel.
3. 3. feeding. In the summer after harvesting, fertilizers should also be supposed. For example, you will need 70 g of phosphate and 30 g of potash fertilizers for each bush. You can also simply contribute 100-150 g of complex mineral compositions. It is allowed to use compost and humus. This is done only once every 3 years. On each shrub is quite 10 kg. In summer, urea will also benefit currants. It is necessary to solve 3 matchbox in the water bucket. Then it is supposed to water the bushes from the watering can. This volume is enough for 1 plant.

In the fall, too, you also need to care for the culture:

1. 1. Watering. He is not so abundant as in the summer, but the soil must remain wet. The lack of water is very strongly affected by the wintering currant.
2. 2. feeding. It is necessary to add 30 g of potassium chloride to each shrub and 100 g of superphosphate.
3. 3. Warming. The bushes are recommended to be tied with twine, and in the winter to cover the plant with snow.

Usually black currant fruits up to 8 years. But the 10-year landing already needs to be replaced. It is best to do it in advance. For example, plant new shrubs every 4-5 years.

Currant - sour-sweet berry, which many adults adored and children adore. And this is not surprising, because its composition contains a large number of vitamins, especially vitamin C, group B and RR, as well as other useful macro and trace elements. However, that the berry shrub will bear you with his abundant fruiting, it requires the right departure during the entire growing season, and most of all after the winter, when the plant only wakes up and as ever needs to be careful.

What way you need to care for currant in the spring, so that there was a good harvest?

When to start spending spring activities for currant after winter: timing

As a rule, starting work on spring care for currant in the garden immediately after the last snow comes down, and the air temperature will become positive and will be set at about +4 .. + 5 degrees.

Too long delaying works on clearing and preparing currant to the new season, unfortunately, threatens to grow at the moment when caring will be late. The kidneys on the warm sun will quickly start swell and crack, releasing young leaves and inflorescences outside. Therefore, it is important not to miss the time and at the very first favorable days to come to the cottage and proceed to business.

To properly care for currant in the spring, it is necessary to take into account the climatic features of culture culture in different regions and, accordingly, start spring work on time:

• So, in the southern regions to care for currant bushes, early spring is started - in mid-March, immediately after the earth will dry out a bit.
• In the middle lane (Moscow region), starting to care for the currant bushes after the winter begin noticeably later - somewhere in the second half of April.
• In the North-West (in the Leningrad region), as well as in the Urals and in Siberia, the spring care for currants spend closer to the end of April-beginning of May.

How to care for currant in spring: Main events

Despite the start of work in each individual region, the scheme of spring measures for the care of the berry bush is approximately the same.

So what do you need to do spring with currant bushes to get a good and delicious harvest?

As a rule, the composition of the currant care measures are as follows:

1. opening after winter (removal of winter shelter);
2. transfer;
3. trimming;
4. loosening and weeding;
5. watering;
6. mulching;
7. feeding;
8. processing from pests and diseases.

Removing shelter (mulch) after winter

To currant with low temperature modes (from -25 ..- 30), it was often covered by the plant, and more accurately mulk.

Therefore, when completely melts and all the snow will come down, you will need to remove all the mulch, and also shit from the rolling circle of shrub all the remaining garbage, the same leaves and other (Very convenient to do it with the help of fan robbles), and then burn.

Together with organic residues, you get rid of many pests-insect and fungal dispute left after wintering. In addition, open soil is faster than the sunny rays, which stimulates the plant to the beginning of the vegetation.

Trimming

If the shelter (mulching) is not a mandatory autumn operation at all, and therefore, it is not necessary to clean the bushes from last year's mulch, pruning is one of the most important care events. for currants, from the correctness of which is large the future of fruiting depends Shrub.

So, in the spring, if last year you did autumn trimming bushes, as a rule, only you will need to control that the shrub has experienced a good winter, in other words, to carry out sanitary trimming.

By the way! At this point, you should also get rid of all tick kidneys that you can collect manually. And it is desirable to do this as early as possible, in other words, you should not wait for their swelling.

Distinguish ticky from healthy kidneys simple enough: they are always round, while healthy - elongated.

All collected kidneys will definitely burn!

If you did not make the autumn pruning, then it should be here now, i.e. In the spring.

Loosening and weeping

Next you can start the soil looser. The purpose of this event is to improve air access to the roots of the plant, as well as moisture and nutrition. And it is necessary to do this with a special chipset (by 5-6 cm), in no case is not a shovel, because The currants have a fairly surface root system.

As a rule, weeding from weeds are carried out together with loosening.

Watering

After the soil is dry from snow, if there is no additional precipitation, it is very important not to give currants to "die from thirst".

Adding an article to a new selection

Currant is not too good. But still do not forget about the shrub, otherwise the yield will begin to decline, and the berries are fine. Therefore, take the time for three main spring procedures: trimming, feeding and protection against diseases and pests.

Early spring currant awakens after a long winter. When the snow melts, it is necessary to remove the shelter from the bushes to avoid sprinkling. Do it need it gradually so that the plant does not experience stress. Frame designs should not be disassembled, they can still come in handy to protect plants from sunburns. It is enough to pull the thin white spunbond, and the currant will be covered from the scorching spring sun.

Currant is considered to be resistant to frost culture and does not require compulsory shelter. But still it is worth it to organize if the winter in your area is no bad or very cold.

Caring for black, red and white currant in spring is practically no different. First, clean the soil under the bushes from the old mulch and residues of snow, slide the ground and remove the first weeds. Now it's time to trim.

How to cut currants in the spring?

Sanitary cropping currant in the spring will allow bushes to gain strength before flowering and fruiting. It is also an excellent opportunity to inspect the plants for signs of disease and pests.

Pruning should be drawn to swelling of the kidneys and active inaccation.

To work, take a sharp clean secateur and remove:

• dried, frozen, curves and broken shoots;
• patients and subtle branches;
• thickening bush shoots;
• dark brown old shoots.

At the end, swipe the forming trimming. W. black currant Leave on the side 2-4-year-old shoots of 5-7 kidneys, do the rest. Annual powerful shoots shorten by 10-15 cm. As a result, the bush should become more compact and "transparent" in the center.

W. red and white currant Trimming has differences, because Their branches retain high yields up to 8 years. For full-fledged fruiting on the bushes should be young, and old shoots. Cut only the upper unseasoned parts on the shoots, remove the wolf and the oldest branches. The branches of the first and second orders do not need to touch. After trimming, the bush should consist of 20-25 branches of 1-8-year-old age.

Read more about cropping currant in our article.

Kidney appears in the currant early spring. If they have an unnatural swollen look - it means that the plant is amazed kidney tick. Do not delay, cut or pinch such kidneys until the pests come out of them and did not spread across the currant.

Kidney currants affected by the currant kidding tick; Pcarbonat.ru.

Also during trimming, pay attention to the core branch core. If it is dark, not green, it means that the bush is amazed by larvae currant glass. Noticeably a hole filled with a pipe? The plant attracted the larvae uzkotelian Giant. In case of severe damage, the bush will have to emerge. If there were few such branches, cut them out, not leaving the hemp, and necessarily carry out the processing of bushes from the pests, which we will tell below.

Sick and old branches, affected buds burn, healthy shoots can be used for breeding.

Clean the told circles and inflate the soil so that the air is better to penetrate the roots, and the surface is not covered with a crust.

Do you need to water the currant bushes in the spring?

Red and white currants are not bad to carry drought, unlike black, which has a root system close to the ground surface. But in the spring, after melting snow, moisture usually grabs all plants. Therefore, additionally, it is not necessary to moisten the soil so as not to provoke the roots. The first watering is usually carried out at the end of May - early June, when the plants are actively started into growth, form a ovary. Depending on the age of the bush, it is necessary to pour under each of 2 to 5 buckets of water so that the earth moistened to a depth of up to 40 cm.

If there was little snow in the winter and in March-April, the soil is dry, spend watering. Under adult bushes (older than 3 years), pour 2 buckets of soft water (better than rain), under the young - 1 bucket.

What to feed currants in the spring?

Caring for red, black and white currant in the spring also includes making feeding, without which it will be difficult to get a rich harvest of berries. You can feed plants by organic and mineral fertilizers. For example, feeding currant in the spring can be carried out according to such a scheme.

In the first year after landing, it is not necessary to fertilize the currants, it is enough for nutrients that were entered into the landing pit.

After feeding, inspire the priority circles to avoid evaporation of moisture or the negative effects of a sudden temperature drop. It is better to use for this humus or compost, which will additionally raise the soil with useful substances.

How to treat currants in spring from diseases and pests?

When the snow is melting, the kidney swells, it's time to carry out currant processing in spring from diseases and pests. During the trimming, you could already evaluate the health of the bushes. Perhaps some of them are sick and they need urgent help. If no signs are observed, be sure to conduct a preventive spraying. The best time for the procedure is March-April, while the kidney has not yet revealed.

Currant diseases In the spring and early summer, they can cause a cramming. Among the most frequent and dangerous can be called such fungal diseases as:

• annznosis - on the leaves, red-brown specks are noticeable, which over time grow and merge;
• septorize - First, the leaves are covered with small brown spots, they will be brightened in the center by the middle of the summer, and they become brown along the edges;
• gray rot - the leaves are covered with brown colors and dry, sometimes lumps with a characteristic flare appear on the wood;
• rust - yellowish stains appear, which are gradually merged with each other, and from the bottom side of the leaves a rusty flight is noticeable;
• spherosek (American mildew) - leaves, stalks of the bush, and later the fruits are covered with a white bloom (then the painting becomes brown).

Viral diseases, such as terrain (reversion) and a striped mosaic, who are not treatable and require complete destruction of bushes, are no less dangerous.

To protect the plants, carry out the processing of currant in spring to the dissolution of the kidneys with the following drugs to choose from:

You can also hold a protective spraying ashes. To do this, 100 g of ashes fill 1 liters of water, let it brew for 3 days, strain and decrease 3 liters of water.

Pest of currants In the spring is not so noticeable, but soon they will be felt. How to reveal the infection of the kidney tick, currant glass and grain, we told above. But the enemies in the currants are much more. So big damage plants are applied by kidinal mole, fire, peelers, currant gallitsa, wave and other dangerous insects.

The most popular means to protect the currant can be called biological products of phytodeterm, cytoksisillin, etc. To treat highly affected plants, carbofos, biothelin, actara, Aktellik, Fufanon, etc. are suitable for processing.

If you are a supporter of folk methods, then use soap solution for the prevention, cloths of garlic, lung husk or tobacco.

Do I need to pour currant in spring boiling water?

Surely you heard that experienced gardeners are poured in spring currant bushes with boiling water. This procedure is designed to destroy pests and pathogenic bacteria. It is carried out strictly on the sleeping bush (the kidney does not swollen, there is no conjugation), otherwise there is a risk of damaging the plant. Before the procedure, it is desirable to tie a bush to shed uniform all shoots.

Those who practice such a way are confident that currants gets so additional protection. But it is important to take into account boiling water coolies quickly and can hardly have some significant destroying effect. At the same time, the water will need a lot, and after the procedure under the bushes will squand the dirt. Therefore, if you still consider such a way right, spend it, but do not forget about other, more efficient and less labor-intensive methods. One pouring boiling water cannot fully protect the currants from diseases and pests.

Caring for currant in spring after winter is not very complex. Pay time to the shrub - and he will thank you by the abundance of juicy and large berries!

Black, red and even white currant - fairly popular cultures in our latitudes, so the features of currant care after the winter are interested in many dacities. In this article we will tell about the nuances of trimming, feeding, watering and processing from pests of these plants, and also focus on the issue of protecting bushes from possible spring frosts.

Features of spring cropping currant

Crimping the currant bush is one of the main conditions for its good fruiting. This procedure can be carried out in the fall or early spring, to the dissolution of the kidneys. In the latter case, they talk more about sanitary trimming, providing for a trimming of all the tops of the tops (to healthy kidneys), broken and sick branches. True, as for dry parts of the plant, they can be signed at any time of the year as soon as you noticed them. All collected branches, as well as old leaves, which are often under the bushes since last year, must be burned, since it is in them the pests that with the arrival of spring are activated.

Watering and care for soil in the spring

Answering the question "How to properly care for currants?" It is impossible to go around the attention and theme of irrigation, which, together with the processing of the soil, plays an important role in obtaining good crop currants. First of all, it is worth noting that both black and red, and white currants are moisture culture, which is due to their biological characteristics. The lack of moisture causes a delay in growth, grinding berries and their subsequent squeezing. In addition, arid conditions in the post-harvest period often lead to the frozen of bushes in winter. It is especially important to produce watering into the most decisive phases of the plant development: during the period of active growth, the formation of the barriers, the filling of berries and after harvesting, that is, mainly in the spring period.

The first time the currant is watered immediately after landing, in the calculation of 5-6 liters of fluid on one bush. In the future, intravenous and drip watering are considered the most effective, which allow to supply liquid directly to the root system of plants. In one growing season, currant requires from 3 to 5 irons. Also, a similar procedure is carried out by intake of liquid into pre-made grooves or grooves, 10-15 cm deep. They are made by a circle of a bush, at a distance of 30-40 cm from it.

Do not forget about the methods of saving moisture in the soil. Thus, spring care for black, red or white currant also provides liquidation, soil mulching and its cleaning from weeds. The optimal frequency of the soil looser around the bushes is considered to be 1 time in 2-3 weeks, while not allowing the formation of the formation of the crusts and the stroke of the weed grass, as it dries greatly.

The active root currant system is placed in the upper loose and nutritional layers, so so as not to damage the roots of the soil near the bushes, it is very careful, without deepening more than 6-8 cm. Recovering the bush for a significant distance, between the bushes you can ploy or resistance on the bushes Depth up to 12 cm.

Moisture will be well preserved if the ground around the bush is closed by organic material (peat, grass, peat apart). In this case, it can be loose much less frequently.

Recently, synthetic materials are increasingly used for mulching currant bushes: black light-tight film, parchment, rubberoid, easy-to-use paper, etc. This allows you to do without loosening throughout the summer, however, with the arrival of autumn, the shelter is better to remove, which will improve the air exchange in the ground, make the necessary fertilizers or perform any other works.

Currant treatment in spring from pests and diseases

Like any other plant, the well-described bushes suffer from various diseases and attacks of pests, because of which to care for currants, in particular and in spring, is very difficult. The most dangerous pest is a currant kidnogo tick, the presence of which is evidenced by major cutting kidneys, with the form similar to small light kochens cabbage. With the arrival of spring, they are simply unable to reveal, which is why they gradually die, which affects the number of harvest. So, in one kidney there may be up to thousands of pest individuals and getting out of his asylum, they quickly settle through the territory, in which the birds or wind helps them.

If there are not very many affected kidney on the bush, they can simply pull out and burn, but if the affected areas are too extensive, then such a currant bush is removed completely. There is a simple, environmentally friendly and effective way to combat the currant hijobble tick, which provides for scalding of currant bushes with boiling water. The plant hot water will not cause any harm, on the contrary, by completing the procedure of early spring (before the awakening of the kidneys), you will help the plant "wake up" after a winter holiday. Boiling water will destroy not only ticks, but also the larvae of Tli, fungi and other pests that worked safely.

When caring for black currant in the spring, not the rare application of chemicals in the fight against the invasion of pests. However, in this case, it is necessary to clearly adhere to the recommended spraying time, since the vegetation of the plant begins early, and changes occur very quickly. To get rid of the mentioned budget tick, the currant and soil bushes can be sprayed with a solution of "chlorofos" or a mixture of colloidal sulfur and "carbofosa", in the calculation of 100 and 20 g per 10 liters of water. Plant treatment with these drugs should also be carried out before swelling, because otherwise it will be very difficult to get rid of the tick.

If we are talking about a mildew, the "Fundazole" will help to get rid of it (15 ml of the drug is divorced in 10 liters of water) or copper sulphate (100 g per 10 liters of water), and it is necessary not only to thoroughly spray bushes, but also to pour the beds, which grow curvatched bushes.

On the tops of the shoots, the leaves often damage the failure, due to which the leaf plates twist and frown. If you do not take any measures, it will completely destroy the bush. It is possible to determine the presence of the pest by the appearance of many ants that feed on its secretions.

Before the blooming of the kidneys on the bushes, you need to handle the currants "Furanon" or simply scold a plant with boiling water. In the event that there are already leaves on the branches, but the inflorescences have not yet appeared, "Intavir", "Rovii-Kurh", "Taxker", Bordeaux, or a solution of copper sulfate, at the rate of 100 g of substance on 10 liters of water. Also good helps "carbofos".

Carting for currant in spring, provides for both planting plants, but most often this procedure is carried out on the second or third year after disembarking bushes. However, if your plants are forced to exist on depleted soils, then fertilizers introduced into the landing point when landing seedlings may not be enough. Moreover, not all black currant seedlings turn out to be strong and completely healthy, and therefore their feeding will be very important component when careing in the spring.

Strong green bushes are always standing out against the background of their pale and weak conifers, so you will be easy to determine the currants in need of a large number of useful trace elements. With the arrival of spring under the root of plants, nitrogen-containing fertilizers contribute, as they contribute to their better growth and development after the winter period.

The first root feeding can be held immediately after the blooming of the kidneys on the branches. For this, 30 g of ammonium nitrates should be divorced in a bucket of water and pour the resulting composition under the bush (a declined bucket of the finished feeder is necessary for one bush). The re-introduction of fertilizers falls on the period of care of currant bushes with berries facing them. In this case, mineral fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium contribute to the soil (but not chloride), although as an alternative to mineral elements, you can use the organic cooked with your own hands. The ash and humic fertilizers are perfectly suitable for this role.

Some experienced daches often resort to extractive feeding. For example, when flowing currant, it is possible to dissolve 0.5 hours. Spoons of boric acid in 10 liters of warm water (up to 40 ° C) and spray bushes with the resulting composition. Such processing will increase the growth rate of shoots and increase the harvest by 2-3 times. Also, with spring care for currant, at the time of the first obsessions, a mixture of 60 g of urea is often prepared, 150 g of superphosphate and 10 liters of water, which also sprayed bushes. The shoots become very strong, and the taste qualities of future berries are significantly improved.

How to protect currants from frost

In the conditions of the middle strip, where we are with you, the shower of the barriers in the currants can be called a fairly common phenomenon, as despite the abundant bloom of the plant, in the first 10-15 days after its ending, almost all the zeros can be under the bush. Spring frosts (matinees) are the most characteristic cause of what is happening, which even in April complicate care for currants. In our climatic zone, they end only closer towards the end of May, but are not excluded until the tenth of June (that is, they can fall at the end of the flowering of currants, and for the period of formation of obscenities).

To protect the bushes from frosts apply smoking and spraying. In the first case, for the procedure, you will need cropped raspberry branches and strawberry leaves, although last year's potato tops, straw and straw fit well. The prepared material is folded in a heap, the length and width of which should reach 0.8 meters, and the height is 0.7 m. They are placed in one line at a distance of 3-4 m from each other, and from the side of the site from which early in the morning , in the moulderness will reach the air.

In addition to the late frosts, weather conditions also have a huge impact on the verge of berries. For example, when cold and windy weather, in the flowering process, insect years is very difficult, and therefore the plant will be badly polluted. At the same time, with hot and too dry weather, the pestles are dried, and the period of possible pollination of the flowers is significantly reduced. Therefore, it is desirable to properly create optimal conditions in the garden for normal pollution of bushes:plant landing only in protected places, pick up varieties in accordance with the climatic region, moisturize air and soil in hot weather, as well as breed bees.

Some dackets consider currants a fairly unpretentious plant, but the care of it in the spring can cause certain issues, when answering which the tips of experienced gardeners will be used. Only in the presence of sufficient information and fulfill all the above recommendations, you will be able to get a plentiful harvest of excellent berries.

The importance of timely care

So, in order for a good crop of currants, the gardener will have to make a lot of effort. In this case an integral part of the care is trimming bushes. Such an event stimulates the rapid growth of shoots in the underground part of the shrub.

Such processes are also called roasting, swelling or zero. After trimming, the growth and branching of annual escapes, which grow on perennial branches, is noticeably enhanced. Also pruning warns the thickening of the bush, and due to this the size of the berries also increase.

Timely trimming of currant branches ensures the growth of fruiting wood (new root shoots are formed). Therefore, it is safe to say that the annual spring trimming of currant shoots is necessary not only for the proper formation of shrub - this procedure guarantees a good harvest.

Full Care Currant Spring

Before the blooming of the kidneys, early spring should begin to take care of currants. To do this, the land around the bushes should be cleaned with robbles, remove the garbage, foliage, last year's mulch and burn, because in the upper loose layer of the soil can be various harmful insects, their larvae.

The soil in the attractive circle should be thickened well, remove the first weeds.

To retain moisture, rolling circles need to be mulched by humus, bevelled grass, compost, overwhelming. Such an agrotechnical reception eliminates the need for frequent irrigation and soil loosening.

To care for currant is, first of all, it means to provide regular watering plant.

At the same time, it is important to remember:

1. You need to water once a week.
2. For one bush, no more than three liters of water will be required. If you overdo it, it is fraught with the root system.
3. For watering, it is best to use water temperature water, preferably resistant.
4. Watering is recommended in the evening so that the moisture in order to penetrate the root system during the night.
5. Do not leut water directly to the center of the bush. Watering is better to do all over the perimeter of the crown.
6. It is possible to stop watering only if the wound up and began to be stained. At such a moment, watering is harmful because berries can crack from excess water directly on the bushes.

Care

In the spring period it is very important to regularly hold a weeding, as well as the mulching of the soil. Currant is very like a drainage land, and this requires regular loosening with deep weeding.

Also, a gardener can use a shovel for a 15-20 cm deep stewing. Loose the soil is necessary as careful as possible to accidentally damage the root plant of the plant.

Additional care

Each gardener knows: To obtain a generous harvest, it is necessary to contribute to good pollution of bushes with bees, bumblebees and other insects. How can this be done in practice?

One of the tips of the experienced gardeners is to pour currant bushes with honey or sweetened by water for bait of bees-pollinators. This simple reception increases noticeably increases the amount of harvest. In addition, they recommend landing shrub not far from Bee hive.

In order not to break the crown of currant, it is necessary to apply a special stand. It can be easily made from reinforcement and rods. Another option: near the bush at a depth of 50 centimeters to score a wooden peg and with the help of a special thread to bind the crown of currants.

So, care for currants is particularly necessary in the spring. From how correctly the gardener takes care of currants in the spring, its yield directly depends on.

Currant - Plant Description

A long-term shrub from the gooseberry family. Height of bushes up to 2 meters with fluffy pale green shoots, changing coloring with age on brown.

The root system is urine, leaving in a depth of 20-40 cm.

The currant bush consists of branches of different ages located at different levels, thanks to this currant fruits 12-15 years.

In the spring, at a temperature of +5 degrees, the kidneys swell, flowering appears at +11 +15 degrees, because of this it is amazed by spring frosts.

Most of the varieties of currant does not need pollination, also have frost resistance. Currant leaves are used in conservation (very fragrant), as well as tea brewed.

The berries of sour-sweet taste, with a strong aroma, rich in vitamins and microelements. The large content of vitamin C make currant berries very useful, good tool for disease prevention.

Landing currant

When to plant black currant cuttings

Currant is multiplied with cuttings, tanks, the division of the bush. Young green cuttings are rooted and begin to grow at any time of the growing season of the plant.

How to plant seedlings in the fall

It is best to plant the black currant fall in the fall, in early October. Before the onset of spring, the seedlings will fit and quickly go into growth.

Currant is suitable for fertile soil, the best light loams with a slightly alkaline reaction. Plant seedlings better on lit places if the berry shading will be not sweet and the amount of crop will decrease.

Before planting, the soil is drunk to a depth of 20-22 cm and make fertilizers: 2-4 kg of organic, 100-150 g of superphosphate, 20-30 g of sulfur-acid potassium at the rate of 1 m 2 of the plot.

The pit for planting a diameter of 50 cm and a depth of up to 40 cm, the distance between the bushes is 1.5 meters. Pour into the hole by half a bucket of water, put a seedling so that the root neck was at a depth of 5 cm, to straighten the roots. We sprinkle the roots of the earth a bit, pour the water bucket of water and fall asleep the pit to the top.

The soil is topped with a humor or peat. Saving seedlings cut at an altitude of 10-15 cm from the ground, leaving only 4-5 kidneys.

How to care for black currant

Spring Plant Care It does not represent complexity and is as follows:

Remove kidney-affected kidney

Wock bushes and climb the soil by humus or manure around bushes,

Provide sufficient watering in the period of growth and flowering,

Delete weeds and break soil under plants to a depth of 6 cm, 2-3 times a week. If the soil around the bush is closed, loosening is not required,

After winter, conduct a sanitary trimming of currant,

Early spring process bushes from pests and diseases,

Make nitrogen fertilizers

During the flowering period, observe and inspect the flowers. In case of detection of terry inflorescences, remove them to avoid distribution to other bushes.

Summer currant care

Watering plays an important role in caring for currant hot summer. Follow the cleanliness between the bushes, remove weeds on time. Perform feeding with organic fertilizers, together with watering. All the time inspect the bushes, and when identifying pests or diseases, take measures, but do not handle chemicals in three weeks before the ripening of berries, come around with folk remedies. When they begin to sing the berries to collect them, they need to be sophisticated and selectively - only ripe as ripening.

Caring for currant in autumn

After harvesting, be sure to be curraned, you also need to carry out soil looser. In the second half of September, make fertilizers: organic and mineral, also carry out the forming cropping currant bushes. In the fall, you need to reproduce and disperse currants. For the winter, prophylactic treatment against pests and diseases is carried out.

Processing from pests and diseases

Early spring, even before the swelling of the kidneys, carry out the processing of 1% solution of carbofos, copper mood or burglar fluid. Soil also needs to be processed. In the fall, all the fallen leaves are removed from the currant area, the pests will not be divorced in them. The same preparations to conduct preventive treatment and in the fall.

After a snowy winter, plants in abundant irrigation does not need. Otherwise, if there was little snow, it is necessary to water regularly. In the period of growth, the formation of uncess and having a berry, watering plants with warm water every 5 days. Water consumption is about 20-30 liters per 1 m 2 plot, the soil should glow to a depth of up to 40 cm. In the case of dry autumn, spin the currant for the winter.

The new bushes, planted this year, fertilizers enough for growth and development, but when they have already 2 or more years, it is necessary to regularly make fertilizers. In the spring, make nitrogen fertilizers. Two-year-old plants: 40-50 g of urea, 4-year-old and more enough will be 20 g.

In the fall, put 4-6 kg of organic fertilizer under each bush - manure, compost, chicken litter. To organic add 50 g of superphosphate and 15 g of potassium sulfate.

Specialists recommend spending in the summer (June-July) extra-root feeders three times with the following solution: Dissolve separately 3 g of boric acid, 35 g of copper sulfate, 5 g of mangartee, all mixed with 10 liters of water. After sunset or cloudy day spray a bushes.

When and how to cut currants

Criming currant in spring - Conducted to achieve good yields, remove unnecessary and weak shoots, so the plant does not spend the forces on them. Last year's growths at branches of 4-5 years bring most of the uncess. Twigs of more than 6 years are subject to trimming. Drinking and affected branches are cut off. In the spring, before the blooming of the kidneys, they produce shortening of the shoots of the frozen and broken branches, and the main trimming is carried out in the fall, after the feet of leaves.

Trimming in autumn - The first year's escape is cut at an altitude of 10-15 cm from the soil level. Two-year-old bushes exempt from zero shoots, leaving 3-5 strong branches. 3 and 4-year-old bushes are exempt from zero shoots, leaving 3-6 most developed. Try to cut underdeveloped and weak shoots in the middle of the bushes. On last year's branches, the tops, 2 and 3-year-old branches leave 3-4 kidneys on each branching, the rest is cut. The branches over 6 years are removed completely. Crimping scheme is given.

Reproduction of currant

Black currant is propagated with weird or green cuttings.

This is the most affordable and convenient way - the planting material is at any time of the year. You can land cuttings for rooting from spring to autumn. The length of the cutting cuttings is about 20 cm and 8-10 mm thick (the middle of annual shoots will fit, shoots growing from the root or 3-year-old branches), it is advisable to cut with healthy plants.

When cutting the cuttings, the upper cut is made above the kidney at a distance of 1 cm across the sektor, downstairs under the bottom kidney.

Most often, the landing of the cuttings is carried out in the spring, but it is better to plant the cuttings in the fall, when the kidneys enter the period of rest: for the black currant it is mid-September - beginning of October.

The cuttings are planted at a distance of 10-15 cm between plants and 40 between rows, it makes it possible to care for currant in the summer and it is convenient to dig for landing for a permanent place. Soil is better to climb 3-5 cm with humus, so you will prevent soil drying. Also a good option will be the use of a film in which the holes under the cuttings are pre-made. Watering is moderate, do not allow soil drying. In the summer, do not forget to feed the beds with a cow and giving the weeds.

If the bushes have time to form them for the autumn, they can be resettled to a permanent place if not leave another season.

Green cuttings root only in a greenhouse. 5-10 cm cutlength length with three green sheets. The cuttings put into the water for the formation of roots and after 2 weeks they are transplanted into a light soil from peat. Within the first 3 weeks of cuttings spray with water for better survival. After 1 month, the film can be removed if the leaves remain green and elastic, the film is removed at all.

Fighting diseases and pests of black currant

The list of common currant diseases:

-- septoriasis - white spotty, angular or round spots on the sheets, first brown, then bright with a dark border,
-- anthracnose - Small stains with small brown tubes, the leaves dry and fall from the lower branches,
-- machrower - You can see ugly flowers of a lilac shade, and the leaves on young shoots became dark, currants stopped fruit,
-- gray Gnil - Brown spots on currant leaves,
-- puffy dew - white loose bloom on berries and leaves, which turns into a brown film,
-- striped Mosaic. - You can see the yellow pattern on the leaves around the main veins,
-- stilled rust - manifests itself on the leaves: from the top side, small yellow specks, on the bottomside, the growths with yellow-colored disputes in the form of hairs.

Not always treatment can give a result - viral diseases are not treated. Best Prevention Currency Currency During the entire season and responding to the slightest manifestations of diseases. For the prevention, spray the soil and bushes of black currant solutions of burgundy liquid, carbofos or copper sulfate early spring to swelling.

Currant pests, types that can be found often:

-- pale-legged sawl - His caterpillars dine leaves, leave only veins,
-- two-year leftimeter - damage buds and berries,
-- fireman - berries that are damaged ripen before the deadline,
-- escape Tla - Deals damage to the leaves, feeding with juice. Leaves twist, dry, shoots stop growing, twist,
-- kindle tick - damages the kidneys, taking into them for the winter and overlooking the inside,
-- cobed tick - leaves became marble color, dry and fall,
-- gallians - Surronine shoots from the inside, which leads to their death. Flower gallians damage buds, after that they fall out,
-- fruit pylist - causes damage to black currant berries, berries take faceted shape.

The fight against each type of pests lead as they appear on the bushes. Tools for processing can be folk, or chemicals - what to choose to decide. But having conducted the prevention of early spring, when all the snow still did not reach (the kidney is still at rest), pour boiling water from the waters of the currant bushes. Thus, you destroy the pests on the branches and in the ground under the bushes. After the snow comes down to carry out soil treatment and bordeaux liquid or copper vitrios.

Varieties of currants

Winter-hardy grades are suitable for growing in the northern regions - Kent Goliath, Lia fertile, Neapolitan.

You can also divide into early, medium and late varieties.

The most popular varieties:

-- Belarusian sweet - Early, self-aged variety with large berries, resistant to budding and anthracnose,
-- Premiere - Early variety with large dessert flavor berries. High yield. Sustainable
-- Moscow - Early grade, winter-hardy, self-darkened with large berries and medium yields,
-- Boscope Giant - Medium grade with large sweet-sour berries,
-- Primorsky champion - Early grade with powerful bushes, wrinkled leaves and major round fruits on long brushes. Possess winter hardiness and high yields,
-- Charger - The average time of ripening berries, a low bush with large brilliant fruits. High yield, resistant to pests and diseases,
-- Treasure - Middle variety with low bush and delicious, large berries. High-threshold grade. Middle resistant to mildew, and budding tick,
-- Orlovskaya Serenada - Medium-bed variety with high-value berries, high yield. Resistant to diseases and pests,
-- Gross - Late variety with a bush height above average. Large berries in 5 g Weight, high yield. Resistant to fungal diseases and is average,
-- Kent - Late variety with lowest splashing bushes and large leaves. Berries are large sour taste, high yield.

This is a small part of the listed varieties of black currant from the whole manifold, you make the choice based on the weather conditions of your region.

Soil processing

To penetrate air into the soil and maintain moisture in it, it is necessary to brag the land under the bushes, remove weeds and last year's leaf. This reduces the accumulation of pests, viruses under the bushes. Currant also significantly needs moisture when pouring berries. If the soil is light, it is quite enough to carry out a shallow looser at 6-8 cm under the crown, so as not to damage the roots located shallow. Around the bush can be overcooked by 10-15 cm.

Mulching under the bushes

Of course, with a peroxide, it is not possible to avoid damage to small roots, but also a lack of air during the sealing of the soil will also adversely affect the growth of currant. Therefore, sometimes gardeners instead of a people use soil mulch under the bushes of plant residues, humus, compost, straw, with a layer of at least 10 cm. Mulch retains moisture under the bushes, prevents the growth of weeds and a strong soil seal.

Undercalinking plants

If when planting a currant or gooseberry, you are well fixed the land, then the next 4-5 years you can not worry about feeding these bushes with phosphorus and potassium. But nitrogen needs plants, starting from the third year (15-20 g / m 2 urea).

Gooseberry, currants need complex fertilizer, and very responsive to feeding. It is necessary to make 6-8 kg of organods under the bush at 6-8 kg of organodes under the bush, as well as annually in the spring of 20-25 g / m 2. If the harvest is high, then the plants should be contacted even during the formation of irregular phosphorus and potassium.

Remember that the ripples of the bushes with nitrogen can provoke the development of diseases. This is valid for the principle: it is better not to pectinate than to overgrow.

criming currant in spring

Preparation for winter currant bushes

Currant - culture frost-resistant. It is withstanding a little snowy winters with minus 25. And it attracts the "lazy" gardeners. But if the temperature decreases yet, they will freeze and deviate shoots. And, as a result, the yield will fall. There are cases when bushes die and no longer restore.

Culture will withstand cold, long winter, and frosts are lower than minus 50 with competent care. First of all, the branches need to be thoroughly burned to the ground. So they will be reliably scattered with snow, which will warm them, and hidden from drafts. Tilt the branches to the ground can be in different ways:

It is impossible to place all branches under the same cargo. It is better to distribute even several bricks on the surface.

So they withstand temperatures up to minus 35 degrees. But if the winter is a minor and earth, it is freezing, then the plant can perish.

It is impossible to bite with polyethylene, because There must be natural aeration.

Tip # 1. Open branches need early in spring. Under the insulation, they should not be long. The long period of insulation does not allow to develop a stalk, to form kidney. Consequently, you will get a smaller harvest.

Where to start spring work on currant care

It is in the spring period that the care of the bushes is the most time consuming and the amount of them is large, because during this period the future harvest is laid. Traditional events that are held in the spring when the snow melted, and the soil almost dried is:

Sleeping bushes. Old branches are cut out, the age of which reaches 4 years. They no longer give a harvest and, in fact, are ballast. Maximum fruiting can be observed on branches up to 3 years of age.

Board # 2. You need to loosen the soil regularly to access the roots of the air, but it is necessary to do it very carefully. The root system lies shallow, it can be easily damaging.

Treatment of currant spherodine against disease

Who does the inhabitants of the garden harm the fruit shrub more than all?

• kindle tick: swollen kidneys are visible on shoots,
• currant Whew: Food with juice of leaves on the tops of the shoots,
• currency gracious: Causes drying of gentle top leaves and escape can die completely
• terrain: it develops slowly and the bush may not be fruit at all,
• anterannosis: strikes the leaves on which the bloating is visible,
• puffy dew: if the disease is launched, the bush will die.

You can fight all summer, but it does not always happen effective. Unfortunately, in the spring it is difficult to see the majority of diseases, and pests too. But there is a popular, simple and very effective method for processing currants in the spring. This is a boiling water treatment. Since the method is widespread, it is worth staying at the main stages of work.

1. Processing is carried out early in spring to swelling of the kidneys, otherwise they can be damaged.
2. Look at what bushes need watering, and harvest enough boiling water.
3. The roots must be covered with non-wedging material so as not to damage boiling water.
4. Processing should be carried out immediately as soon as the water boiled.
5. Lake needed metal, do not pour boiling water into plastic containers.
6. So that the processing was more efficient, you can breed water with salt or manganese
7. Soothes and branches are evenly poured boiling water, but not long, otherwise the plant can be burned.

The use of chemical drugs

Before the kidneys bloomed, you can use chemicals to combat. Furanon processed if the spring has noticed the TRU (before the appearance of the first kidneys). Before the breeding of the inflorescence, you can apply Testa (gardener reviews about Taipen), borodic mixture or carbofos. To protect against pulse dew, the soil is sprayed, and the wells themselves are fundamental bulls, use copper sulphal.

With fungal diseases, burglar mixture or ash solution is indispensable. Before applying a chemical preparation, carefully learn the instructions and use personal protection measures. It is better to use natural struggle methods as more eco-friendly and safe: urea solution, decoction of needles, black pepper, tobacco powder, smoke and other means.

Crimping currant bushes at the beginning of spring

After planting black currant, you can already make the first trimming of the bush. The seedling is cut strong enough, leaving several twigs with developed kidneys. During the year, the plant can no longer touch. A one-year-old plant leaves three zero branches growing from the roots. These are the strongest branches, which will subsequently form a bush. All weak branches are removed immediately.

Removing weak, one-year shoots produce on the third year. The rest of the shoots decrease by 1/3 of part. Such trimming is subsequently carried out every year. Do not forget to remove sick and broken branches.

On the 6th year, the bush is considered formed. We remove 4-5-year-old branches that do not grow and are no longer fruit. If it seems that the bush becomes quite rare, then leave more young branches. According to such a scheme, pruning is performed in the future. Thus, a bush is formed, and the currant is good fruits, because The main crop is formed on young shoots.

Basic rules for cutting

• Pruning is carried out very early as soon as the snow came down. At a later time, active in the branches begins active in the branches and during trimming a bush weakens. If you missed the right moment, then scroll in the fall or next spring.
• Before this method, it is necessary to remove the young pigtail with the root, which is located at a distance from the bush. Remove old, patients, damaged, curved branches.
• Young shoots should also be cut. We are talking about the root row, from which it is worth leaving 5-7 the strongest twigs. During the work, form a bush. A ball shape will look good, and the trimming on the 1/3 of the upper sprigs will help him go better. Accordingly, the yield will increase.

Pruning is necessary: \u200b\u200bwith its help a bush is formed, the plant is regularly updated. If you get used to spending this procedure annually, it will no longer cause you any problems and difficulties. Over the years, skills will appear, the speed will increase.

Board # 4. Without trimming berries can be more, but they will be the smallest and worse quality. Try to adjust the quality balance of the quality and the number of berries.

We are always more listening to the opinion of gardeners than to literary sources. After all, the experience is the most important thing in any business.

Takes used in the processing of currant in the spring are the most important. They are the key to the future harvest. And if the summer work is not so much, then the spring bush needs to be processed. Successes to you in this difficult business!

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