How to install a new refrigerator compressor. Refrigerator Compressor Replacement Technology. Inverter type compressor

The refrigerator is a complex and expensive household appliance consisting of several dozen nodes and parts. The most important of them is the compressor (in the technical literature it is customary called its engine-compressor). In modern two-, compressors may be somewhat (for each camera).

Frequently important when the refrigerator fails due to the compressor breakage. As a rule, his breakdown is serious. Replacing the refrigerator compressor - the procedure is not cheap. Therefore, before proceeding with the repair, it is worth a competent diagnosis, and set the correct cause of the breakage. For example, replacing the refrigerator compressor "Stinol" will cost from 6900 to 11500 rubles. The process itself is complex, and requires special knowledge and equipment.

What is the compressor?

Many masters call him the heart of the refrigerator. The performance of the entire cooling system depends on the serviceability of this element. The motor pumps a pair of cooling reagent in a closed refrigerator system, which consists of a compressor, evaporator and a condenser.

The compressor itself is a technically complex unit. It consists of:

relay;
electric motor;
piston (by type of internal combustion engines).

The deterioration in the compressor motor requires immediate repair, and when the failure may need to be replaced.

How does the refrigerator work?

To determine the possible breakdown or compressor malfunction, you need to understand the basics of the refrigerator.

The refrigerant evaporates and in a gaseous state enters the condenser, in which, giving heat, gradually turns into a liquid. In the evaporator of the freezer due to heat again becomes gaseous. If the condenser and evaporator work constantly, the compressor is turned on only from the thermal sensors in the refrigerator chamber. The temperature rises, the temperature sensors signal the launch relay, and it starts the motor-compressor. When the temperature decreases in the chamber, the motor is disabled.

Signs of compressor malfunction

Most of the refrigerator faults, in which the compressor operation is disturbed, can be determined visually:

the temperature in the chambers is higher than usual;
motor compressor works without stopping;
the compressor overheats;
the compressor works, but does not heat;
the start relay starts the compressor, but it does not start work (characteristic clicks without the start of the motor);
when working there were noises that were not previously noticed, vibration, rattling;
the condenser (with the compressor) is not heated, but remains room temperature.

Causes of the breakdown and failure of the compressor

The refrigerator cooling system, as mentioned above, is a complex closed circuit. Most modern manufacturers guarantee her good job over long terms. In addition, almost all such systems are equipped with protection systems from most common violations of the rules of operation arising from the fault of the consumer.

A cup of all the breakage of the compressor is due to:

increased or reduced voltage in the electrical network;
peak stress saccha;
violations of the refrigerator operation modes (for example, forget to turn off the temporary mode "Fast freezing");
additional heating of the refrigerator parts (for example, if the refrigerator is located near the heating battery);
attempts to consumers independently change and repair parts of the refrigerator.
damage (housing, capacitor) when transporting or moving the refrigerator.

What if the refrigerator does not work?

The most correct will be called a specialist who will inspect and diagnose the refrigerator malfunction. If the user also decided to begin to assess the cause of the fault independently, it is worth going along the way from simple to complex.

Not always disorders of work or failure are associated with a compressor engine.

Important to remember! With the normal operation of the refrigerator itself, the compressor itself can be heated slightly, but should work silently (you can only learn about the work on the uniform buzz of the refrigerator or compressor only if you have a hand to apply it). Condenser tubes are slightly heated (at the same time heating should be uniform).

To begin with, it is worth checking the thermal sensors in the chambers. The failure of such a sensor makes it impossible to function the normal functioning of the refrigerator. Check can be implemented only by special tools.

Then it is worth checking the start-up compressor motor relay, for which special devices also need.

Checking the mains cord and wiring of the refrigerator often becomes a cause of malfunction due to external mechanical damage.

When is the replacement of the refrigerator compressor?

In the event that the diagnosis of other assembly nodes did not give results, and the motor does not work and does not make any sounds, most likely it is required to repair. In most cases, it is necessary to change it completely. The burnt motors are not subject to repair.

How much will the repair cost?

How much is the replacement of the compressor in the refrigerator, will depend on several factors:

the price of the motor itself or its analogue;
the complexity of extracting the device failed and installing a new one.

If during diagnosing a malfunction, you can save significantly. For example, the replacement of the compressor of the Atlant refrigerator is from 7400 to 11500 rubles. It turns out that restoration work can do almost half the cost of a new device.

According to experienced masters, expensive refrigerator repair and compressor replacement, in most cases, you can avoid contacting professionals at the first signs of breakage. Often, the harbingers of a large malfunction are small reasons (Freon leakage, the failure of the thermostat, the rubber sealing deposit), fix that is much cheaper than the complete replacement.

Direct renovation

Today, some are hastily taken for complex work (such as the replacement of the compressor), in which they have no experience, except allowances on the Internet from the "DIY" series.

Replacing the refrigerator compressor is a complex process, in which the exact setting of the cause of the malfunction, the availability of experience and qualifications of a specialist is needed, specialized tools are needed (gas burner, refrigerant drive, puncture valves and other equipment).

Even more absurd lovers, who are taken to repair the outstanding motor. Absurdity is that manufacturers intentionally produce a compressor in an unbearable form. This is evidenced by the wig of the entire body (despite the fact that the device is very complex and consists of several dozen items). In the event of a failure of some parts of the motor, they are not repaired, and they carry out a complete replacement of the refrigerator compressor to a new one.

This should only do a specialist with experience using a special tool.

Conclusion

Since such a repair is expensive (for example, replacing the refrigerator compressor "Indesit" will cost the owners from 7400 to 9900 rubles), it is necessary to follow the rules of operation. The most common cause of breakage is the instability of the power grid. Therefore, it is recommended to connect the refrigerator is not direct, but through the voltage stabilizer.

Repair of the refrigerator can be carried out personally, but for this you need to have defined skills and knowledge. An important part of the preparation for repair is diagnosed, and for this it is necessary to know the principle of operation of the refrigerator. Let's try to figure out how the scheme of the work of this common household device is organized.

Scheme of the refrigerator

The refrigerator can be divided into three large components. The failure of one block makes the entire refrigerator, but does not affect the operating status of other elements. The freezer consists of an evaporator, a condenser and compressor. The compressor includes a relay and motor.

The system of work is closed. The refrigerant rolls out from the evaporator using the compressor, and then fed to them under the influence of high pressure into the capacitor. In the condenser, it is undergoing cooling, which contributes to the transition from the gaseous state into liquid, and then again moves to the evaporator, it stains the natural way. So work is repeated continuously.

Unlike other components, the compressor is not constantly in the on state. It comes to the operating status on the signal from the temperature sensor when the temperature in the refrigerator exceeds the allowable rate. In order, the relay drives the engine, as a result of which the compressor begins to perform its operating function. When the temperature begins to match the norm, the relay is turned off.

The first external sign of the improper operation of the compressor is to increase the temperature in the refrigeration chamber, up to its defrosting. Before you begin to repair the compressor with your own hands, you need to figure out what the device is a malfunction. It's not easy to get to the compressor - it is hermetically closed with a casing where it is in oil.

Most compressors have a similar device. The main components are the motor and launcher relay. The relay closes when the signal arrives from the sensor and starts the motor. If the motor does not start, the system does not function. In most cases, the problem with the non-working compressor is in the motor. In such a situation, you need to put a new engine, a little less often need a complete replacement of the refrigerator compressor. We will analyze cases where the repair and replacement of the refrigerator compressor is easier to make it easier.

Check current and resistance

The cause of the malfunction can serve as a cable, not so rarely source of serious problems becomes a banal breakdown. Cable replacement is the most simple situation of those when the repair can be useful. In any case, before starting any works, you need to check the current and resistance in order not to get injured.

To check the resistance, you need to find a place without paint or a little erase it with your own hands. Attach the multimeter to the contact and to the body, the device should not show any values, otherwise the refrigerator compressor repair is quite dangerous. If you work with the motor and launch relay, precautions should be observed.

To check the current, the working relay is necessary, that is, before the start of the test you must be confident in its performance. Check the current is more convenient than the multimeter, where the contact is performed by ticks. When the engine power is 140 W, the current is 1.3 amps. The ratio of magnitudes remains the same with other engine power parameters.

All malfunctions in the device can be divided into two types. In the first case, everything works at first glance well, that is, the engine is buzzing, the light burns. The reason may be refrigerant leakage, check it quite simply with your own hands. It is enough to touch the condenser, it should be very hot. When leakage refrigerant leakage, the capacitor will be room temperature. The second most common cause is a breakage of the thermostat, that is, the signal to increase the temperature simply does not come.

If the refrigerator does not turn on at all, then in 20% of cases, the problem is reduced to the motor breakage. If the motor is working, but it is necessary to repair the refrigerator compressor with your own hands, you need to sequentially check the main elements - the thermal sensor and relay. Each device is replaced by breakdown. If everything works well, it is necessary to change the compressor itself, tell me how to do it with your own hands.

How to replace the compressor?

To repair the compressor with your own hands, you need to prepare the appropriate tools:

storage for freon;
piercing and selection valves;
burner.

The compressor must be pulled out and lift a little and pass the refueling pipe. The device is started for five minutes during which freon completely passes into the condenser. The piercing valve connects to which the hose from the cylinder is connected. The valve is unscrewed for 30 seconds, this time is enough to collect all the gas.

Instead of the filling pipe, you need to solder copper, it is for these purposes that the burner is used, but you can use the usual soldering iron. Then on the capillary expansion is made with a long multiple centimeters, then the tube breaks, and the filter is disappeared from the condenser.

Now you need to completely disconnect the compressor from the pipes (most often there are two of them - to discharge the pressure and suction of excess gas), that is, the compressor must be disappeared. To install the new compressor, you need to repeat all the actions in the reverse order. After all the works, make sure that the relay works. If the launch occurred successfully, it means everything was done correctly.

The main part of each refrigerator after the cabinet is a compressor. Usually they will not break down for many years, but sometimes, due to voltage jumps in the network, the refrigerator may fail.

Your refrigerator stopped working, and you want to replace the compressor.

As a rule, masters have many years of experience of replacing the compressor, however, often comes yesterday's student of short-term courses, whose qualification is zero, so you need to know about some important nuances:

Choosing a new compressor. It is better to buy the compressor of the same company, then there will be no problems. If you have chosen an analog, then watch carefully that the technical characteristics of the new compressor exactly coincide with the compressor indicators installed by the manufacturer.
Pay attention to the cooling capacity of both compressors. They must completely coincide. This can be found by checking the working schemes of the old and new compressor. Sometimes you can choose a more powerful compressor, but this is provided that all other indicators are identical.
Check if your refrigerator has an oil shock system. If there is, then the new compressor must also have such a system. If you choose the compressor of another model, then in this case the heat exchanger serpent will not work.
It is important to remember that there are compressors with a low and high launcher. If there is a capillary tube in your refrigerator, then you need to install the LST compressor (low launcher). If there is only a regulatory valve in your refrigerator to adjust the pressure, then the HST compressor (high starting mechanism) is suitable.

Sequence of work

Initially, the refrigerator is turned off from the network. Very careful, so as not to break the steel tubes, wounded these tubes to appear gap. Then carefully lift the compressor and push it ahead. No more than 5 cm.
Next, remove the entire refrigerant from the compressor. To do this, it is necessary to have a piercing valve and a special cylinder on which there is a vacuum. If your compressor can still work a little, it will greatly facilitate the task of the wizard. Then this procedure takes no more than 5 minutes. Pump the refrigerant to the condenser. The master is overwhelmed with a refueling tube, and the capillary just climbs. Then includes a refrigerator, and it works for 4 minutes. Then neatly pins the filter-desiccant, takes the valve, fixes it and attachs to the balloon. Opening the cylinder, he without difficulty will pushing the entire refrigerant into it.
Now a special soldering iron is needed, in order to disappear filter-desiccant from the capacitor and then replace the refueling tube. It is recommended to use a copper tube, the diameter of which is 6 millimeters, and the length is 10-15 centimeters. Then the master embarks the final dismantling of the compressor. At the last stage, it must dump, clean and put the plugs on the injection and suction tube.
Plugs stand on a new compressor. The master cleans them and attach the ends of the refrigerator pipeline with the ends of the tubes on the compressor. Then soldes the connection location. He also needs to solder a new filter desiccant. When he cope with it, he should cover those places where soldered, enamelled paint.
Then, according to the instructions, the wizard will fill the compressor with a refrigerant. Only the required volume is used. It will be done through a refueling tube.

Dear Clients! We have all your questions answers the duty master. By calling us, you immediately get professional advice on a defect in the work of the refrigerator.

Attention! In our service center from 10.06.2016, a new, flexible system of discounts both for pensioners and low-income citizens and for ordinary customers are introduced. The size of the discount depends on the type of repair and can reach 10%. Contact! All special offers

Dear Clients! Be careful! Today, the full minimum cost of replacing the compressor motor can not be less than 6000-00 rubles. No one will work at a loss. If you are offered to replace the engine compressor engine for a smaller amount you should think about it.

Bs We wish to get a good result for the minimum money. But think about how often you are lucky to buy a quality product or a service for a scant price? When choosing a refrigerator repair service, always remember where free cheese is.

Replacing the compressor (motor) of the refrigerator - the process is complex and time consuming. Works on its replace are related to complex (capital) repairs. In order to replace the compressor (motor), it is necessary to first remove the refrigerant from the refrigerant unit, then replace the compressor itself (motor) and the starting relay, and during the repair process, it may be necessary to replace and some other components that have become unfastened. After the above operations, the tightness of the system is restored using high-temperature soldering. The system is then released from air and is refilled by a certain amount of refrigerant of a particular brand.

How much is the replacement of the refrigerator compressor?

Minimum complete the cost of replacing the compressor of the refrigeration unit in our service center - 7500 rubles . The price depends both from the brand and from the refrigerator model.

Below is the estimated cost of replacing the compressor separately standing refrigerators of the most common brands.

Once again, I will pay your attention to what is indicated approximate value. Call the exact cost of replacing the compressor on your model of the refrigerator can only be the master or duty engineer (senior master) when coordinating the order.

SAMSUNG, ELECTROLUX, LIEBHERR, LG, BOSCH refrigerator owners and other high-tech marks should be borne in mind that an inverter compressor can be installed on their refrigeration units. The cost of replacing the inverter compressor is significantly different from the usual. The minimum procurement price of such a compressor is $ 180.

In the photo below: Inverter Motor Compressor. As you see externally, it does not differ from the piston crank-connecting or crank-riding motor compressors installed on the overwhelming majority of refrigerators. You can define an invertor or ordinary compressor (motor) installed on your refrigerator, as a rule, you can only after the diagnostic or by the serial number, the product code of the unit.

Replacing the refrigerator compressor - work for a professional

When making a step-by-step diagnosis of your Atlanta, did you establish that the reason for breakage in the compressor?

Remember physics

From the school year of physics, we know about the device internal combustion engine. The compressor functions in the same way. The scheme of its work for Indesita or Atlanta is the same. The piston and the valve system are compressed by Freon, sending a heated refrigerant into a capacitor. There he goes into a liquid state, enters the capillary expander. The compressor compresses Freon, then cools the gas in the condenser, providing its circulation in the refrigeration system. The process has a continuous cyclic nature. The compressor is turned off, including from time to time to perform the refrigerant compression function.

What is your refrigerator - the Belarusian Atlant or the indesitis assembled on Italian patent, they all have the same motor, a similar device of internal circuits. In Atlanta and indisiest applies piston-type compressors. The piston compressor is equipped with an electric motor with a vertical shaft. Design is isolated with a hermetic casing. The motor turned on starts the crankshaft, which, rotating, moves the piston. The piston refrigerant is pumped out of the evaporator and is injected into the condenser.

Where to start replacing the refrigerator compressor do it yourself

Repair of refrigerators and the replacement of the compressor can be made independently by setting the cause of the fault. If, after switching on the network, the compressor heats up, most likely failed the thermostat relay. Replacing the refrigerator compressor relay is carried out even amateur. The motor when starting the refrigerator is suddenly disabled without a reason? Replace the refrigerator compressor motor better leave professionals.

But you can try to replace the entire compressor.

What do you need

Check out the video and photo of the phased process of replacing the refrigerator compressor with their own hands.

After prepare the necessary tool:

oxygen-propane burner;
two valves: for piercing and select refrigerant;
flower
electronic thermometer;
truboresis of small size;
filter-desiccant:
copper tube 6 mm;
solder;
flux;
presslers;
hansen Coupling;
charging cylinder;
capacity-drive for freon;
new compressor.

Observe security measures. Do not start working when the device is turned on. Repair equipment must be grounded. Work is made with gas - the room should be well ventilated. Free the refrigerator so that you can easily raise it and turn it.

Work process

When replacing the compressor of the Atlant refrigerator, any other refrigeration unit must be slightly extending the compressor. Raising it, break out the filtering tube, pre-having finished it with a file.

Then you need to release gas. Turn on the refrigerator no more than 5 minutes. The refrigerant will move to the condenser. Attach the piercing valve with the hose connected to it from the cylinder, unscrew it for 30 seconds. Gas will be gathered in the container.

Sold copper on the place of a broken tube. Here the gas burner is involved, for the absence of the burner - the soldering iron is suitable. On the capillary expansion, an incision is performed in several centimeters to break down the tube and dig filter from the condenser. The compressor attaches to the refrigeration unit with two tubes (one - for pressure injection, the other is to remove excess gas).

It must be disappeared from these tubes or cut off the pipeline. The filter-desiccant is cut off at a distance of 15 mm from the condenser. Remove the start-deficent relay. Remove the compressor and remove it from the refrigeration cabinet. Before starting the soldering of the new compressor, clean the pipeline.

When installing a new compressor, all actions are repeated in reverse order:

place the compressor in the refrigeration cabinet, securing it on the traverse;
plugs on the nozzles must be removed;
it is important to depress the unit for 5 minutes before soldering;
when removing the plugs, check if there is no overpressure of air in the compressor (it will indicate the noise of the outgoing air;
preamedly connect the discharge, sucking and filling tube to the compressor nozzles, the filling tube must be a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 60 mm;
getting started to solder seams on the tubes, sticking to the following sequence: refueling, sucking, injection, make sure that the flame burner does not go inside the compressor pipe;
removing the plug from the dryer filter, attach it to the condenser, connect the capillary tube to it;
sleep filter by seam;
and the refueling tube is valve highway;
check the quality of the soldering of all seams, they must be smooth, without non-frosting spaces;
frauna refueling, connecting the vacuum-filling station to the coupling and removing the moisture system;
strengthen the burst relay on the compressor, connecting the electrical pipeline;
turn on the refrigerator, fill in the freon system, leave for 5 minutes;
the flower to check whether the seams are not disturbed;
complete refrigerator vacuuming, leave for 20 minutes;
pull the refueling tube, remove the coupling, take the tube.

RESULTS

Your refrigerator is ready to work, run the motor. After you need to check the functioning of the relay. If it starts, then you coped with the task.

By purchasing positive experience with your own hands, you can now give advice if a similar problem arises from someone from your loved ones or friends. And in difficult times you can earn money by completing the operation no longer difficult for you to repair the refrigeration unit.