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Cesson ceilings in classic style. Kembal ceilings of wood: design ideas and installation tips. Decoration in various styles

Cable ceilings appeared a few centuries ago. Unlike the conditions of that time, now Cesson does not strengthen the house as visually decorates it. The cost of services has changed: the cable ceilings from the array can afford each connoisseur of this original decor. With our company, you do not have to independently build and calculate the finishing materials. The masters will install a caissional ceiling in the interior without unnecessary hassle for the owner.

Cable ceilings: photo and finishing features

The design of the caisson ceiling includes recesses and cells, which are made in wooden beams. Such scenery attach the original and stylish appearance with a certain share of luxury. Cable ceilings from wood are in great demand due to the beneficial properties of the material. With appropriate processing, the array retains strength and resistance to temperature differences for many years.

Caissons (FR. Caisson - box) - in the cassette architecture, square or polygonal decorative recess in the ceiling arch or on the inner surface of the arch. At the same time, only those rhythmic recesses that are included in the cross-beam system or other complex carrier frame correspond to the concept of caisson. Cable plays a constructive and decorative role, as well as apply to improve the acoustics of the premises.

Caissons are known from archaic times. Pliny mentions the painting of the Kesson Greeks in the VII century BC. e. One of the Erehechtione Culler was blocked by a wooden beam from beam filled with terracotta plates. Etruscans in their tombs were repeated in painting the outlines of caissons. The romans forms of caissons become very diverse - rectangular, diamond, octalized and multifaceted, round, etc.

CC0, CC1. Cessional oak ceiling for billiard room. Wooden ceiling from ceiling and wooden beams.

CC2, CC3. Wooden ceiling made of oak array. Changes of record-size -1200x1200. Room size 5600x5600.

CC4, CC5. Cable ceilings made of oak array, coating - white enamel with gold patina.

CC6, CC7. Carved outlet in the intersection of ceiling beams. Crossed beams from an oak array.

CC8, CC9. Wooden ceiling above the billiard table.

CC10, CC11. Wooden ceiling of larch for balcony outdoors.

CC12, CC13. Wooden ceiling caissons. Carved decorative larch beams

CC14, CC15. Carved outlet on the crossed beams of a wooden ceiling. Wooden ceiling caissons framed by carved beams.

CC16, CC17. Wooden ceiling caissons with carved sockets. Oak, Enamel, Golden Patina.

CC18, CC19. Ceiling decorative eaves from an oak array. Unique Flexible Deerevit Decor. Carved outlet in the center of the caisson

CC20, CC21. Boyful wooden ceiling. Crossed ceiling beams.

CC22, CC23. Beam Wooden ceiling in a single style in all rooms of the apartment.

CC24, CC25. Large stained glass light with highlighting in the hallway 4400x2400.

CC26, CC27. Stained glass windows built into the caissional ceiling. Gilded decorative socket in the intersections of ceiling beams.

CC28, CC29. Wooden Cessonic Ceiling Oak Massif

CC30, CC31. Only two vertical walls in the room. For this reason, the wooden ceiling does not concern the walls and pressed to the bearing ceiling.

CC32, CC33. Cembal ceiling in a room with a complex geometry. The caissons of the suspended wooden ceiling are installed in the seating system seating easily and without fasteners.

CC34, CC35. Central large caisson with a matte glass cover, behind which bright backlight for reading

CC36, CC37. Caissons around the perimeter are equipped with a special "fiery" backlit for cozy home lighting.

CC38, CC39. Classic wooden caissional oak ceiling. The Derevit carved decor gives the wooden ceiling luxury and the wealth of classics.

Modern caissional wooden ceiling Make from a variety of straight, recessed panels. This is a relatively inexpensive option and gives a delightful effect, especially when supplemented with relief contrasting elements.
Cable ceilings give a special charm and respectable appearance to any room be it a living room, office, library, bedroom or administrative premises, director's office, negotiation room.


Grandmaster takes orders for interior work on the design, manufacturing and installation of caisson ceilings and eaves from valuable wood.

Advantages of wooden caisson ceilings from "Grandmaster"

Cessonnated wooden ceilings and interior elements can be made with manual thread fragments according to the presented sample or sketches of our designers.

The stylist gamma of the cable ceilings produced by us is in a wide range: from Baroque to classicism and an ampyr.

Installation of the ceiling based on ready-made caisson cells becomes fast and easy: Castle connections guides, docking beams through sockets. Installation of ceiling panels are made in a matter of hours.

The design of the caisson ceilings naturally hides any irregularities of carrying overlaps, makes it easy to place and maintain ventilation boxes, lamps, air conditioning and other design. The ceiling design is ideal in geometry and protected from any deformations. Make a chic ceiling decor has become much easier by applying caisson cells.

See also Cesson Cells in the site catalog

The architectural form of the decor must respond to the real design of the arch. The caisson, made in a wooden structure, represents a strict constructive core from straight rods whose intersection can form a variety of patterns of the patterned mesh.

The inexhaustible wealth of decorative jamming elements allows you to create a variety of solutions on the technique of performing wooden ceilings, create a rich variety of forms of caisson ceilings.

Luminaires can be organically placed inside the caissons.

Multiple forms of caisson, a vivid expressiveness that gives the surface of a wooden ceiling various properties - lightness or severity, painting or constructive logicality, one or another scale, - provided it with a decent place in the decorative design of the ceilings.

We make caissons from jogging products. Cement consists of elements: MDF substrate, eaves, borders, platbands, outlets.
The installation of the cable ceilings requires technological culture, so the installation of caisson ceilings should be carried out highly qualified masters.

Montage of caissons specialists Grandmaster is a professional, fast and high-quality result.

Ceiling panels

In modern interiors, little attention is paid to the decoration of the ceilings. Industry does not offer much from foam plates and stretch film ceilings. Meanwhile, the ceiling is most of the room, which is undeservedly ignored. Ceiling wooden panels are part of the interior that came to us from the past, on the new technological level. Made of modern, environmentally friendly, durable, high-quality, natural materials such panels can support the style of all rooms.. It may be a solid style of past epochs saturated with natural wood and wooden decor (see CC33). Grandmaster manufactures the ceiling panel to order. At the same time, the high level of manufacturing in the manufacture allows you to withstand high quality, short terms and low prices, which is important, a short term of installation work. Because All parts are made in production with high accuracy, the ceilings quickly without noise and dust are mounted. After all, when installing masters, there is no need to use a cutting tool (except for fitting a used cornice). All this allows you to send a set of finished caisson ceiling from ceiling panels in distant regions and mount them by simple instructions of unprepared masters. Each ceiling panel (caisson) lies under its own weight in its landing place, which gives easy access for various engineering systems hidden behind the Grandmaster ceiling panels (CC112, CC111). This possibility does not provide neither tension nor multi-level plasterboard neither foam slab ceilings. This circumstance allows you to change the style of the ceiling under the changed interior or the taste of the client. Changes consist in changing the cells for half an hour and are not related to construction work. For example, at first there was such a ceiling: CC52 In a year at the request of the client, we replaced the panels in the cells, leaving suspended guides. And the ceiling has changed beyond recognition: CC40 to other advantages of the Grandmaster ceiling panels can be attributed to the following:
High strength. When operating, the coating does not cause difficulties, well washes.
The cellular, the suspended design of the ceiling is well opposed to the temperature and humidity differences in the room and does not allow for the cracks.
A huge assortment of design and color solutions. The ability to paint the ceiling in the color of wallpaper, furniture, doors, etc. Decor cell ceiling panels with decor similar to the decor of furniture, doors and other elements of the interior.
Moisture resistance. The low level of water absorption makes it possible to install the ceiling panels in wet rooms, reduces the ability to develop fungi. Mold and other harmful phenomena.
Due to its low-voltage, cellular ceiling panels are well absorbed and isolate the sound. In addition, if you use the space between the ceiling panels and the bearing ceiling, you can fill with its special sound-absorbing or soundproofing materials, which will strengthen the acoustic qualities of the ceiling panels.
And one more, important quality. Grandmaster ceiling panels are manufactured individually for each client. There are no two identical ceilings.

In the modern world, artificial building materials are dominated by artificial building materials, which seem to have great advantages in front of natural in the light of ease of installation, availability and multifunctionality. However, connoisseurs still prefer to see at home products from wood, genuine leather, stone, textiles and other things.

The same applies to the caissons - volumetric figures adorning the offices and bedrooms of real aristocrats. Today we will talk in detail about these products, we will tell about their advantages, we mention the shortcomings, as well as let's see how the ready-made solution from the manufacturer is collected and mounted.

Caisson as it is

The word "Kesson" came to us from the French language, and in translation means - "box". And indeed, the form of the element is very much reminded.

  • Externally, caissons can be different, but more often we are talking about the surface of the beams and jumpers between them.
  • Such structures look great in rooms with high ceilings, bringing elegance, classics and spirit of aristocracy in them.
  • When the caissons are made of wood, and not materials such as MDF or drywall, they look very rich. It serves such a ceiling for a very long time, but the price for its acquisition and installation will be appropriate.

Pros and cons

The first caisson ceilings appeared in France back in the distant XVII century, but then they performed a carrier function. Today, this element is purely decorative.

However, the most popular ceilings are obliged not only to their beauty:

  • The tree is a good soundproofer;
  • Like any suspended ceiling, caissons can hide the laid communications - wires, ventilation, pipes;
  • The tree knows how to "breathe" and naturally dismisses the extra humidity from the room;
  • Before installation, the minimum preparation is made - the draft surface does not need a good finish;
  • Acoustics in the room becomes very comfortable;
  • Such ceilings can be made very original, complementing it with all sorts of sockets, chapels, planks and other things.

Of the minuses you can select the following:

  • First, a very high price, which makes many pay attention to more accessible options like the same MDF. Also, the installation of the ceiling is also expensive, since the process requires a good tool and high accuracy in fitting parts.
  • Do not buy such a ceiling if the height in your room is less than 3 meters. In this case, they will hide heavy from above, which will not like everything.

Tip! Alternatively, in such a situation, you can choose white caisson ceilings, which will not have such an effect.

  • Installation of construction requires experience, as it is very complicated.

Installation of the caisson ceiling of wood

In the beauty of such a solution, we have already seen, now let's see what you need to know and be able to install it.

How to prepare

If you have a desire to try to collect such a ceiling on your own, we will try to help you with our instructions in this. We mention the main points and subtleties, so do not miss anything.

  • There is no question of any work, if you have no qualitative sketch project on your hands. Here you can, of course, try and yourself, but it is better to invite a specialist who will take into account many nuances that you will not suspect. It will determine the optimal amount of beams and the distance between them so that it all carefully looked, without knocking out of the overall interior concept.

Tip! Many designers advise in spacious rooms the distance between the beams to reduce so that the effect of the incompleteness of the ceiling is not created. Conversely, in small rooms, put them less often in order not to get the visual overload of space.

  • If you want to do everything yourself, then consider the following points.
  • The distance between the beams usually varies within 60-120 centimeters, but depending on the interior requirements and the size of the room, you are free to change these values \u200b\u200bfor ourselves - no tough attachment.

Tip! The last item does not matter if you purchase a ready-made ceiling that needs only installation.

  • The following classical rule states that when drawing up a sketch, the caisson grid is oriented strictly in the center of the room so that the challenges on the sides have the same dimensions.
  • If you get a uniform division for some reason, or you simply do not want to see the cropped items on the ceiling, we advise you around the perimeter of the room to install a plasterboard box, making it the sizes so that all the caissons are all
  • After creating the grid, be sure to mark the location of all lighting devices, the wiring gasket lines and other communications, as well as their locations. All this is greatly useful at the installation phase.

Now we will give a few tips, relative to the forms and color of the ceiling, because all this is also taken into account at the design stage.

  • We have already written that the height of the room plays a very important role. See what you have it. If small, you can do the following. Frame door and window openings like beams in the same color as ceiling; Make the beams themselves are not very high - sometimes people mounted just a plank, imitating a full-fledged caisson; Choose light shades for the ceiling, which will visually raise it above your head; Position the ceiling perimeter built-in lighting, the light from which will fall on the walls - you will get a visual effect similar to the previous one.
  • Also do not spare for the light room. The darker the room is fulfilled, the more inhibitory and the gulp on the psyche it will be.
  • Please note that on white caisson ceilings it is necessary to fit the items perfectly, otherwise the shadows will be formed in the cracks, which will create the illusion of the falling ceiling and reduces the previous visual effects.
  • Such ceilings are better not to highlight, but on the contrary, send the light from them into space and the surrounding items of furniture and walls.
  • We use dark ceilings only in spacious and high rooms. They will give accuracy, add warmth and comfort.

We think no to anyone will be a revelation that the caissons must be properly combined with the rest of the interior. For example, if the walls, the floor and furniture you have chosen in the style of High-tech, then such wooden elements will look ridiculous.

Although it is possible, you can use mirror surfaces as panels as panels, set some newfold spotlights, track systems or structured lamps, and paint the tree into unhearsal color, for example, gray, and the beams themselves make a strictly rectangular shape.

Toolkit, material for frame and caissons

Now let's see what we need to have in stock. To start the installation.

Any suspension system is associated with the capital ceiling and walls. If the ceiling is concrete, then it is not necessary to do without a perforator for work, which effectively chop holes in it.

We will connect the caissons and frame elements. It is desirable to have two pieces - one under the bit, the other under the drill for comfortable and fast work.

When assembling the structure, it is necessary to cut the material at an angle of 45 degrees. It is quite difficult to do it quickly and definitely manually, and such a saw will help it very much.

For the draft and longitudinal cut, you will need a jigsaw with high-quality saws.

Making a frame under the ceiling we will be made of metal products. For its trimming and requires scissors for metal.

You will also need a roulette, a carbonated kit, a pencil and an optional stationery knife.

A good laser level will help us quickly and accurately determine the plane of the ceiling. If the tool is unavailable for you, you can use the water level.

The coloring thread will help to flap on the fact of the wall and the ceiling, according to the project.

Materials for the frame we buy the following:

The framework will be very similar to the one that we usually do for drywall, and for him we need guides, which are PPN profiles.

The framework of the carcass will be PP profiles.

We connect the frame with the ceiling we are on direct suspensions. Buy hard products, 0.6 mm thick. The same applies to the profiles.

"Crab" - single-level connector

We will use this intricate thing on the form of a thing for the transverse connection of PP profiles.

We will connect the framework of the framework among themselves. You can also use Self-samples of type LNs, called the people of "clouds".

We will collect the ceiling from the company "Start".

The next set includes:

  • Long rail guides;
  • Short rail guides;
  • Border cores;
  • Caisson nodes;
  • Dobly elements.

Installing such a ceiling occurs in several stages, the sequence of which is very important to observe.

  • First of all, placing the ceiling, breaking it on the section. As we have said, you need to start marking strictly from the center of the room so that the distance for the challenges on the opposite sides is the same.

  • Do not forget that the maximum length of the challenge should not exceed 40 centimeters.
  • The distance between the axial lines (cell size) should be 66 centimeters.

  • Next, with the help of the level you have, we determine the height of our frame. It is very important to remember that it is necessary to retreat the design distance from the ceiling from its lower point.
  • It is possible to find it with the help of a roulette, which is measured distances from the level line, to the base. The smallest value will be the desired point. Return here as much as the project requires, and from the resulting point, swipe the horizontal line throughout the perimeter of the room.

Interesting to know! For this ceiling, the incidence of the base is 120 mm. This is required in order to make no problems in the caisson design.

  • To do this, you can take advantage of the level, or adjust the values \u200b\u200bon the first markup with a roulette.
  • Lines draw on the walls of the folding cord.

  • Next, on the marking obtained, fasten the PPN profile. For fixation, we use a tree screws on the appropriate base, or anchor-wedge, in the case of a concrete or brick surface.
  • The fastener installation step is 40-50 centimeters. If the reliability of the profile is in doubt, the points of fixation can be participated.

  • By the main, longitudinal lines of the markup lines are fixed direct suspensions, as shown in the photo. Fasteners use the same as for the guide profile. Installation step - 60 centimeters.

  • Next, with the help of self-screws 4.2 * 16 Breppy to the suspensions profile PP. It is worth paying attention to that the profile is not as follows, as when mounting drywall, and in an inverted form.

  • The profile is attached to the suspension at a distance of 10-15 mm from its top. At the same time, the distance from the ceiling to the top of the profiles should be at least 120 mm.
  • When it is necessary to lower the ceiling below, the suspensions can be increasing or applying the corners made from the PPN profile.

  • The crossbars are associated with the main belts of the frame of one level, but due to the fact that the profile is turned over, with "crabs" you need a little "strict".
  • His we also deploy upside down, and flexing its fasteners in the opposite direction. The bundle is made on the self-tapping screws with Pozzaiba.

  • The crossing of the transverse profile requires a slanting cut, at an angle of 5-10 degrees. If this is not done, then when installing longitudinal guides to the appropriate profiles, it will be nowhere to bend, and the item may not sit in its place.

  • Next begins work with wooden elements. The first are transverse guides. They have such a form that they simply snap into a metal profile. Everything is simple and intuitive.

  • Next, we carry in the resulting cells of the caisson nodes and put them horizontally, on top of the transverse rails.

  • We establish longitudinal rails-guides. They are attached exactly as transverse.

  • The remaining niches on the edges of the room remaining the unclipped cable nodes are filled with in good elements. They require additional sawing in fact - we do it with the help of electric jigsaw.

  • Finishing the installation of a decorative curb. It is attached to the self-tapping screw to the PPN profile, in the center of the excavation in his body.
  • To hide the self-tapping screws on top of gluits a decorative quilt on the glue "Liquid nails". These elements in the corners of the room are trimmed at an angle of 45 degrees.

On this installation, in fact, ends. Someone will say, what's the difficult thing here, but do not forget that it was about finished products. The most elegant and beautiful ceilings of this type of wizard are completely collected in place, pulling out and milling every detail, and this is not only very difficult, but also stretched in time.

Modern and stylish caisson is an opportunity to make the design of your home truly unique and luxurious. The ceilings often play a huge role in the interior. The larger the room, above the ceiling, the more spacious the room will seem visually.

Every year more interesting and laconic ideas come in place. In the room where the ceilings height exceeds 2.70 m, the manufacture of caisson ceilings made of wood will be the ideal solution. Caissons are mounted recesses or niches, which are made by the method of docking beams. The main advantage is that the shape and ornament can be completely diverse:

  • square;
  • rectangular;
  • rhombus;
  • honeycomb;
  • triangles.

Creating a project of ceilings with caissons, you need to be prepared for the fact that they will steal from 10-25 cm from all height. Cable ceilings made of wood, the price of which always depends on the selected material and the cost of wood, have a variety of shapes and patterns.

What are the ceilings from the caissons

Types of ceilings can be made from a wide variety of materials. The most noble looks, of course, tree. Execution options:

  • Classical. The most pleasant and stylish design of the ceiling is the manufacture of wood. For the maximum harmonious combination of such a ceiling with the interior of your room, we need to think in advance and forms in its manufacture. After creating a layout, the wizard will install the ceiling, which will be fully made of wood.
  • Combined combination of wood and MDF. This technique is as much as possible with the classic one, the only difference is that not the entire ceiling will be made of wood, it also uses the MDF stove. With a high-quality manufacture, even an experienced master will not always be able to determine what kind of work applies. Visually, this type is no different from the classic option.
  • Caissons from and. This option is definitely the most budget, but it is not suitable for self-mounted. This work is quite complicated in performance, and only a professional can cope with her.

Design solution in choosing

Classical manufacture of wood caisson ceiling and its traditional appearance will give your room the unique design. But another advantage of such ceilings can be called originality. Here you can embody your most bold decisions, create a ceiling on your own sketch and taste. Here are some ways to create a unique option for your room.

  1. Clear faces. When this option is selected, the emphasis is on the selection of one element: the end or the entire horizontal surface can be highlighted with a tint. In such caisson ceilings from the tree, the photos of which can be viewed on the site, the main task is to designate a clear distinction.
  2. Center composition. Stripping from the layout of a large room, you can create an original center of the entire ceiling composition. The starting element can be a circle or square from which the main lines of the ceiling will be separated. Especially beautiful and interesting will look at the location of the item on the floor of the same form, as if reflected: or.
  3. . Cable options are not only a lot. They look pretty interestingly and or chalets, then the beams are rudely treated, natural species. For the maximum response with the design of the room in the ceiling, textile elements can be mounted that are used in the room design.
  4. Forms cells. This option is quite complicated in the implementation technique, but the result will be wonderful and interesting. The main thing is to choose the color and size of the cell, which will help create maximum harmony.
  5. . This species is great when it is planned to recess up to 15 centimeters, while the volume and juquality can be compensated by a skillful combination of contrasting colors.
  6. Combination of wood and lining. If you plan to adhere to, the cladding can be used when creating a caisson ceiling, which can be used in a noble white color.
  7. Independent installation of the caisson ceiling

    Caissons are very diverse in its performance elements of the manufacture of ceilings. They equally beautifully fit both in and in, where it allows the height of the ceilings. The main rule of manufacture is a properly selected material and a form that most beautifully fit into the interior.

    In the case when you do not want to provide work to professional builders, you can make the ceiling yourself. To do this, it is necessary to carefully prepare and follow the basic rules and accessible to the general use of instructions. It will be worthwhile and consultation of a specialist who can suggest that it is necessary for your premises.

    Caissional ceiling made of wood with their own hands in itself contains several stages of manufacture: preparatory, choice of materials, making framework and actually mounting finished plates.

    Stages of preparatory work

    First, you need to assess the room, in which the installation of ceilings from caissons is planned. Do not forget that at a low ceiling such a design is not always appropriate. The minimum height ideally should be at least 2.5 meters. In the design you need to adhere to such a rule: the greater the above room, the greater the number of beams can be applied when designing. For optimal operation, universal and standard strips are used 12-15 cm.

    Indoors with relatively low ceilings place beams It is in the openings of the window or door, spreading and expanding the space. Do not plan the cable ceilings in the room where the furniture and the color of the walls are dark, because they will only lose the interior.

    Secondly, there are several secrets in choosing a color. For example, when choosing a white color and a stream offset, you can accidentally achieve the effect of the "falling ceiling" effect, so you need to be neat in the selection of colors and shades. If you want to create a comfort in the room, the choice is worth stopping on, and the wallpaper is suitable with a gentle ornament. At the same time, in the center of the ceiling, you can safely make focus in color, appliques or original choice of shape.

    Building materials required for work

    After choosing a color and form, you need to decide on the overall composition and draw the exact sketch, which should include all calculations, take into account the floor height from the ceiling, because everything should be obtained as beautiful as possible and harmoniously. To correctly calculate the desired amount of materials, the sketch must be as accurate as possible.

    Buying materials, have a drawing with you. For a universal version, it is best to suit or without a pattern that will be glued at the base of the ceiling. The easier it will be wallpaper, the more interesting the tree will look on their background.

    Next, pay attention to the choice of blanks, of which the whole design will be created. The simplest option for working with your own hands will be the purchase of already ready-made separate modules that perform the role of caissons with direct placement on the ceiling. The step of the caissons themselves varies from 80-100 cm, taking into account the fact that the height of your ceiling is standard.

    If we are talking about large rooms, the best solution will be the purchase of pine or any other light tree. Of course, the treatment with natural veneer from beech or ate, oak, then additional attractiveness and style are purchased. In addition to wallpaper and wood, glue paint will also be useful, nails.

    Creating a frame for design

    For maximum strength and reliability when installing the material, the surface is ground, with rapid absorption and drying, it is necessary to apply 2 layers. Then glued wallpaper: It is more convenient to do it together for the maximum tension.

    Further on the wallpaper, which you need to dry, should be tagged: the finished structures of the tree will be applied. Begin best from the center, from the central beam. The main part of the whole design is a support beam having a complex structure of the box. It is attached to the ceiling in the desired order, thereby going to the desired ornament. Deciding with the installation site of the main part, you need to start creating a box bar. To do this, cut out the bar along the length of the bar, the side of which is neatly stuffed with small boards at an equal distance.

    Next, the collected frame is attached with nails on the ceiling, strictly following the prepared markup. Next is measured and cut the bar, which closes the design side. After graduating with the frame, close it at the bottom of the board as thick as possible. The main thing is to clearly follow the instructions and the scheduled drawing, as well as choose quality materials.

    The next step will be the creation of boxed bars and place them to the installed central design in parallel, following the sketch. After fixing all the longitudinal elements, you need to move to the installation of transverse structures. It is necessary to apply everything strictly by labels, especially by paying attention to the corners, because exactly the accuracy creates a finite beautiful result.

    For the processing of narrow slots, the most thin rails are used that help not only close the gap, but also give the design additional volume. The installed ceiling can be completely painted with one color or try the composition of several shades, creating a contrast and the volume of the overall design of the ceiling.

    The thickness of the rivers should be such that they can close all the shortcomings and possible indents. This will help, allowing you to find the necessary atmosphere. If you want to add the composition with gypsum elements, it is best to attach them using a self-tapping screw, but construction glue is suitable for cardboard elements.