What is the connection "Lastochkin Tail"

Figure 8. Connection on the Schip "Swallow Tail".

• a - Distance between Spikes
• b - Ship width
• b - width of the groove
• m - interval (third spike width)

In the construction of wooden houses one of the most durable and beautiful connections - "Lastochkin Tail". In it, all the details are kept each other very firmly, you can even not use glue. Each of the details of the design tightly clamps the spikes of the other, and the offset does not occur. The surface of the compound is also quite large, it is often greater than that of other structures with spinning connections.

Fig. 9. Varieties of the connection "Lastochkin Tail"

• a - Open connection
• b - semi-nailed connection
• b - semi-nailed compound made by machine

"Swallow tail" is a thickening connection that is performed in a certain order. Preparatory part: You need to measure the blanks, then place the grooves and spikes, providing mandatory spaces. Then the markup must be transferred from a wider side to the end of the part and then on the opposite direction.

After that, you should put the grooves and cut them out by the chisel. With the help of a pre-prepared board, there are places where spikes and grooves are scheduled on another board. The latter on the inner edges are screwed down at an angle to prevent the tree split. Upon completion of its actions, it is necessary that the other item is connected without glue. If necessary, it is necessary to correct the design, glue the items by pressing them so that glue is better dry.

The compound "Swallow tail" provides for the adhesion of parts with the teeth of a special form. The spikes ride in special grooves that are on the edged board (horizontally located). Boards can be connected and disconnected only when the spikes are vertically, and otherwise it is impossible. Species and methods of compounds of type "Lastochka Tail" differ only to the shape of spikes (Fig. 9).

These compounds are used only for those parts that are not covered with colored varnishes and paints. Therefore, spikes and grooves products must be evenly located along its entire width and must be identical (except extreme). This will provide good quality compound.

Fig. 10. Marking of the connection "Lastochkin Tail"

• a - B - sequence of execution

To place the connection correctly, you need to accurately pick up the squeezes of the "Swallow Tail" spikes. The sequence of operations (Fig. 10) should be clearly observed (in particular, when drawing). At first, it is necessary to mark the thickness of the adjacent part on the board-blank, then note the half of this length and the line to which the distance is three times more The thickness of this part. If it is necessary to further make the surface of the workpiece for three grooves and four spikes, it is necessary to apply the label to the line that serves as auxiliary. This distance should be divided into 10. The number of the distance we received, in units of division, must be transferred to the markup line (Fig. 10, a).

The next step: light strokes need to be noted on the workpiece the middle lines where the grooves will be located. At this stage, the middle lines of the grooves are laid on the billet (Fig. 10, b). And at the end of the intersection points of the middle lines to the auxiliary markup line through points on the "Half thickness of the board" line, auxiliary lines are also carried out (Fig. 10, B).

To place spikes, you can apply a metal sheet, for example, tin, and make a blank from it (Fig. 11). For this purpose, the master cuts out the appropriate shape, cleales the edges, processes the surface, if necessary (for example, from rust).

Fig. 11. Device for marking of spikes

After the lifting lines are transferred, you need to shake the drop-down areas on the product, as well as note the gaps between spikes so as not to confuse that cut off and what is not. It is very useful when using the chisel. And then you can start sawing.

First, those areas are separated, where the slope is the same, and then the part turn over and saw the other edges. On all sides, it is possible to check whether the disc is directed correctly and whether it is not necessary to fix the cut. When the grooves are cut, the chisel must be held only vertically, and the item at this time should be attached to the workbenk in a strictly horizontal position.

Initially, you need to make a china groove on one side of the board, about its middle. Then you need to turn the board and make the groove on the other side of it. First, according to the rules, it is better to make spikes to produce, then taken for doing the grooves on another board. You can do differently: first to do the grooves, then use them for marking spikes on the other side of the board, end. So you will not lose the markup lines on the dark tree material.

To connect the details to each other, you need to hold them hard, be sure to vertically. Cuts need to be done so that they are parallel board length. Easy mowing is right, then it is allowed left. Before applying glue to the surface, you need to process it with sandpaper, except the edges that should not be rounded.

Then join the boards in such a way that the grooves and spikes can not split. To connect the details from the tree, you need to use the image (Fig. 12). It is important to avoid straight shocks on a wooden product. It is worth applying a separate bar for protecting parts from damage and cracks.

Fig. 12. Use of a Cyanka when connecting wooden parts

Upon completion of the connection of parts using spikes, it is necessary to correct errors through a carpentry putty. It must be distributed over the slits, and not throughout the area of \u200b\u200bthe angular connection. Therefore, it is better to take a bit, and not a big spatula. The putty is better to press in those places where the correction is needed, and not in all in a row. Instead of chisels and saws for the teething of complex types of spikes today, most of the masters of carpentry art use special machinery. There are also certain types of cutters for rubbering grooves. If it is equipped with a special guide device, the wood will turn out perfect removal with uniform distribution.

Figure 13. Preventing the splitting of the grooves in the connection "Lastochkin Tail"

• 1 - Ski.
• 2 - Additional Planck

There are also effective ways to cut grooves using metal patterns. They are used by attaching to a drill. So that the grooves are not split, small squeaks make to connect the "Lastochkin Tail". They are performed on the edges on the inner area of \u200b\u200bspikes. The process of gluing the connection called "Lastochka Tail" must be made sequentially. There is also an additional plank. It will help correctly distribute the load - only connecting the grooves will receive it. This will help prevent spike damage (Fig. 13).

Swallow tail, turbid spike compound (grooves of trapezoidal form) used in mechanical engineering and joinery for reliable fastening of parts with each other. In this material, consider the manufacture of fixtures of facilitating the production of grooves in the tree using a manual millingrer.

Fixtures for a milling cutter with your own hands

The machine itself is a very ancient invention of humanity, describing the principles of milling appeared in the 16th century, and the prototype of the machine was the invention of Leonardo da Vinci, which offered to rotate the round file to increase the processing of the product, which can be considered the first counterpart.

And already the American inventor Eli Whitney over the years of life from 1765 to 1825 brought to mind all the scattered attempts to create a full-fledged machine, for which it is considered to be the creator of the first milling machine, although not all scientists agree with this approval.

And since the machine has such ancient roots, then the adaptations to the manufacture of various parts a great set, to describe them all in the light of this material is not possible, and therefore, consider only some of them, in my opinion the most important and useful.

Universal device for connecting spike grooves

factory plate for the manufacture of spike groove compound

Used with a milling cutter of the corresponding grooves and spikes, it is installed in vice, and the part is pressed the clamp to the device. As a rule, sold in stores.

appearance of the connection

Consider fixtures for milling grooves.

Put the upper part - a tabletop of 18 mm plywood with a length of 40 cm. And sufficient width to treat the most thick workpiece that you plan to connect spike.

Cut two brus 5x10 cm., Scuffing them the same length as the top. Broi will continue to play the role of clips and centering it relative to the groove in the tabletop. To prepare the top, spend the line in its center, then ellipped the gamestone from one end.

sketchy image of equipment

note

Reception should be the same width as a copy ring that you will use with your cutter. Reception should be long enough to fit the length of the longest groove that you are going to cut.

Then throw two perpendicular central lines of the adjusting groove. Finally, drill the viewing hole between these two grooves. To collect the whole design, screw the bolts in the sponge and fasten the top to the bars with lamb nuts with washers.

To use our equipment, draw the groove on the workpiece and mark on it a central line. Loosen the lambs and install the blanks between the bars so that the central line connects to the vertex line of the adjustment, check that the edge of the workpiece is opposite the edge of the vertex.

Hold the lamb. Align the milling mill at one end of the groove drawing, then mark the auxiliary lines on the top surface of the table along the edge of the milling base.

How to work properly with a spike groove

Repeat it again to mark the line of another end. Sweep the groove, bottom of the cut from the alignment of the Pillar base on the first auxiliary line, and stop the milling when the plate reaches the second auxiliary line.

With your own hands, a device for the manufacture of spikes

Spike Production Product

Made of wood and plywood conductor, shown above, allows you to cut rectangular spikes with two blowers. The processed object is the front surface from the bottom under the conductor, while the milling mill moves along the stop from above, removing unnecessary for two passages.

The product consists of two parallel basic bars, a stopper and stop - everything is made of the tree of the same thickness as the part, in this case, from the 25x75mm bars, as well as the upper surface and support made from 18mm plywood.

Basic bars should be approximately 400 mm long; Cut from plywood the upper surface approximately 200 per 250 mm and brought it to the bars as shown in the figure. Refer to the stopper at the ends of the basic bars with support. Install the stop approximately 25 mm from the end of the upper surface.

cut the spike using the device

Slide the holes under all screw heads and make sure that all the corners are rectangular. Drill the viewing hole in the upper surface to accurately put the workpiece exactly on the markup.

How to make a thickening box with a hand tool.
Multiple cellular compounds belong to classic carpentry technology. They are used and now in the production of high-quality furniture. Of course, in our time more often use simpler and fast methods for assembling boxes. I usually collect boxes on self-drawers, but I will write about it in another article. Here I suggest to remember how it was done by the time impertion with a hand tool.

Actually, the issues of making spikes are manually occurring, if you have no special tools and devices at hand. And to buy an expensive machine for one-time work does not make sense. True, it is necessary to understand in advance, handmade requires care and accuracy.

From the tools you will need a hacksaw-award, a set of chisels, cizyanka. For marking a pencil and a metal line. Awards differs from ordinary hacksaw not only with a small tooth, but also a special lining of the "church" on the top rib saw. This pad provides additional rigidity of the web.

Spikes can be done self-typing, i.e. "Swallow tail" or straight. It is better to start with direct, swallow tail can be used when some experience will appear. Details of the box in the photo from MDF, but this is not important, the billets are processed in the same way.

1. Let's start with the markup of the ends of the details. 100 mm width box strips. We divide into five equal parts. We break them on squares 20/20 mm. , then compatible the ends of the parts and stitch the squares in one.

That is, a clean square should be located opposite the shaded. In the manufacture of spikes, painted areas we need to be removed.

2. For convenience, the part must be stopped vertically. If you do not have a joiner, then detail fix with two clamps to the desktop. To do this, hold the wooden bar on the edge of the table with a wooden bar, and then attract the part to the bar.

3. We drink the spikes on the markup, and pay attention, it is necessary to cut on the line, and so that the markup lines remained on the side of the saw. If the spookists do exactly along the line, the thorns will be glamorous and the assembly of the box will become a problem. We will have to incur into the gaps of veneer or sins, in general hemorrhoids and poor-quality work. We cut the plots painted with pencil, so the saw should be inside the shaded sector. Duties make to the depth of markup, in this case 20 mm.

4. Choose segments between the propils chosen or cutter.

We take out the item from the clamp and lay the plastle on the table. The chisel lines the shoulders between spikes. In order not to spoil the table, it is better to put a planed board or a piece of plywood. May be needed a wooden hammer, see.

5. When all the spikes are propylene and decorated the primary assembly. If when assembling spikes do not enter the place, nothing terrible, you need to fit the parts using the chisel or cutter (knife). For high-quality assembly, the share of a millimeter is, therefore, for the accurate fit of the spikes, it is better to earn it with a file or a large eyebrow on a long bar.

I had to do not only make drawers on spikes, but also knit wooden window frames using a hand tool. There, the principles of work are the same, spikes and eyepersons first drank on the markup with a degree - awards, and then cut out the excess in the eyes of the lobs.

If you need to do a lot of drawers with a thickened connection, then it is better to think about the purchase of an electric tool. Such spikes can be made by a manual milling station installed in the "table", or on a small stationary circular with a variable saw height. For both options, you will need to make a device for accurate propyl. But it seems to me that such a device is not more difficult than manually prepare the parts into several boxes.

Tell your friends about it:

Sowing connections "Lastochkin Tail"

Connections on the spikes "Lastochka Tail" are not only appeal, but also very durable. The ability to correctly cut such spikes - a sign of skill that comes with experience.

When assembling furniture now, fasteners are widely used - screws, sewage, various ties. However, thorns compounds, including on the sip of the "Lastochkin Tail", do not finally pass its position. They are reliable enough and at the same time beautiful. On such compounds, you can fasten, for example, the side walls of cabinet furniture with covers. Destroy the connection "Swallow tail" with a stretching is not easy. Therefore, it is often used in the manufacture of drawers. But we should not forget that the connection of the "swallow tail" is stable to such a load in only one direction.

Details from the chipboard for connections "Lastochkin Tail" are not suitable: this material is too loose. In one way or another, plywood, boards or furniture shields are suitable here.

Shape of ships "Lastochka Tail"

If you look at the connection from above, it is clearly seen that "swallow tails" are fan-shaped spikes on the end of one of the parts. The side sides of the spikes are bevelled inside with a slope by oscillating from 1: 5 - for "coarse", but sturdy the solid compounds used in the rope of parts made of soft wood and furniture shields, up to 1: 8 - for parts of solid wood. The connection on the latter looks more attractive. And you need to know that with a smaller slope, the connection under load may disperse, and with more - the spikes can be collapsed.

In the finished connection, the teeth are clearly visible, which come into engique with spikes. The bias of spikes must accurately match the slope of the "teeth".

In the connection along the edges should always be "teeth" (and not halves of spikes) -

this prevents the release of the parts connected.

Another factor affecting the appearance of the compounds is the distance between "swallow tails". In principle, this rule is valid: the wider the "swallow tails" (spikes) or the more distance between them, the better. However, everything has a limit, besides, products are different dimensions (for example, a chest and box), and we should not forget about the connection strength.

Marking Shipov

The preparation of parts starts from the ending (with the thickness of them, they should not necessarily coincide), and then place
The position of spikes and "teeth". The novice master is better to give a small (1-2 mm) length in length.

For marking use Malka. To set it up at the angle of linker, for example, 1: 6, on paper, two mutually perpendicular lines and from the intersection point are divided into six equal parts. Connect the sixth label on the same line with the first label - to another. The slope of the resulting diagonal and will be 1: 6. On this sketch exhibit Malka.

In both edges, the parts with spikes are planned the width of the extreme "teeth" and spend the line through these points parallel to the edges. Next to the detail diagonally
They apply a roulette or ruler and turn it while the size between the lines will not be divided without a residue to the desired number of spikes. We mark these points on the diagonal, and then with the help of a flight tolerate them to the end of the part. As a result of these simple constructions, the positions of the gaps between spikes are determined.

In both directions from the found centers, they are deposited at the same segment (in our example - 3 mm). The distance between the sections of the segments will be equal to the minimum gap between spikes. From these points with the help of small, they are finally the spikes themselves. Spike heights are marked with a flight exhibited on

schin the details with the "teeth". Marking make on both sides of the part.

If the item has a length of length, it should be taken into account when marking. In this case, the length of the spikes will be slightly more required. Later, when the items are connected, too much removed by the overthrone.

Performing markup, all parts with spikes are labeled with some conditional signs to avoid confusion.

Slow spikes

For cutting spikes and "teeth" serve special nipseral saws. When using a conventional small-scale saw for longitudinal sawing, it will be necessary to additionally prepare, in particular, to reduce the divorce of the teeth (especially if the new saw). To do this, the saw blade is put on the entire surface on the ramp and one or two times easily spend on it. The same is repeated, turning the cloth with the other side.

When cutting the sips "Lastochka tail" detail clamping into vice. If two parts are two (for example, the side walls of the drawer), the spikes can be chopped immediately on both.

Cut along the lines of markings begin, tilting the saw back and at the same time directing it with a thumb. When the cutting line "caught", the saw is aligned and continue to work until the item is propylene for the entire height of spikes (up to a horizontal tag). Never follow this label.

Now you can remove the material between the propuls that form the spikes. This operation is performed by the chisel. By choosing wood on one side to half the thickness of the part, it is turned over and in the same way processed on the other side.

Next, proceed to cut the "teeth". The detail with the "teeth" is clamped into vice, it is imposed on the ends and fix the part with supiented spikes. Then the saw is injected into the cuts and cut the end part of the part with the "teeth". Finally, the "teeth" is cut in the same way as "swallow tails". And in this case, the saw should not be filtered, and so that the teeth of the saw slightly touched it outside. In conclusion, the material between the "teeth" is removed by the chisel.

Before connecting the items, it is necessary to eliminate possible irregularities and carefully seize the inner edge on both sides of each spike (especially on external). This will facilitate the operation of the connection of the details, and in the finished product, this SCOS will not be noticeable.

NO Related Posts.

Ship connections

Navigating on records

Tell your friends about it:

The main requirements for any predatory design of wood are: reliability, durability and aesthetics. To solve these tasks, a large variety of docking methods has been developed. One of them is a swallow tail.

This compound is formed by spikes on one piece and cutting teeth on the second. Both elements have forms of an equilibrium trapezium, resemble the tail of the swallows. With proper preparation, they are included in the exact gearing, forming a reliable design.

Connection application

This method of fastening is applied in various areas where it is necessary to get a reliable fastening of two parts or collect the whole design. For example, in mechanical engineering, a thorough-binding tail is used to mount the blades on the disk in different compressors, in separate aggregates of metal-cutting machines, in optical devices to ensure accurate linear movement.

This type of attachment was most common in construction and furniture production.

In construction, when assembling wooden houses in the ends of the bonded logs, elements of a swallow tail (teeth and grooves) are manufactured. It is advisable to apply a connection with a rectangular form for a bruse. The dimensions of the groove and spike are determined by the reliability of the entire future design.

In addition, in construction, it is used in the production of various carpentry products:

• window frames;
• windows, submarines and framug;
• door openings and doors themselves;
• interior partitions, arches, various recesses.

For coarse connections, scale 1: 5 is applied. It provides reliable contact especially large-sized details. This scale is acceptable for soft wood varieties. In the structures of solid wood, the scale is usually used 1: 8. Such contact looks more aesthetically. When this parameter is selected, it is necessary to take into account that with a small angle of inclination under the influence of external load or internal tensionings, the design may disperse. Therefore, it is fixed with joinery glue. When the large corner is specified, the lower part of the spike is reduced, which can lead to its destruction.

Making a swallow tail with their own hands

The use of the fastening of the swallow tail allows you to get beautiful and reliable homemade structures made of wood. Making a swallow tail is easy. However, for the production of high-quality teeth and grooves, you must have certain skills in the joinery and have the necessary tool.

The sequence of independent manufacture of such a compound is reduced to the following list of operations:

1. Production of the marking of future spikes. Before carrying out the markup, the number of teeth is determined (this value depends on the geometric parameters of the workpiece). With the help of a flight carried out a line of so-called muffins. Marking is done on all four faces. Using a special pattern, apply markup on the end and side surface. To prevent errors in picking, removed areas are isolated by special marking or color.
2. Sawn spikes. It is advisable to fix the item to ensure the accuracy of the cut. If it has large dimensions and mass, it is necessary to ensure its immobility and only after that begin to cut. First, the ranges are produced by the magnitude of the marked blowers. The main condition for the work is to preserve the perpendicular position of the saw relative to the surface of the end. To prevent the saw injections to the side of the experimental joiners, various guides are used, such as a carbon black.
3. Removal of gaps. This procedure is performed in two ways. In the first case, use manual or electric jigsaw. The second uses the chisel and the hammer.
4. Marking elements. Marking the angles of inclination of teeth and grooves. The magnitude of this inclination depends on the selected ratio. To obtain the same angles, the part with chipped spikes is used as a template.
5. Drinking grooves. This procedure for technological reminds the process of removing the gaps. To obtain quality results, it is necessary to ensure the fixation of the part and accuracy during the pickle. Special attention should be paid to the removal of stipulated points.
6. Pre-fitting and assembly of construction. This operation is necessary to verify the accuracy of made spikes and grooves. Using the preliminary fit, it is possible to identify possible defects. This will allow them to eliminate or take measures to ensure reliable fastening. The fit should be taken carefully without unnecessary effort and distortion so that the teeth breakage will not allow. They must smoothly enter the spikes. If necessary, grind with sandpaper.
7. Final assembly and gluing design. After checking on the contact surfaces of teeth and spikes, glue is applied. The glue is chosen depending on the mass and dimensions of the product. Modern manufacturers offer a fairly wide range of such products (various chemical composition, for different wood species, application conditions). To ensure reliable gluing, the parts are fixed with clamps and leave until complete drying.

Tools and materials

The method of fastening the lobby tail is used in the independent manufacture of wooden products at industrial enterprises. The possibilities of the home workshop are limited, so the next tool and equipment are needed for high-quality making such mounting:

• saw with small teeth (a manual saw is usually used);
• lobzik;
• the chisel (it is desirable to have a few with a different width of the cutting edge);
• a hammer;
• markup tool (ready-made templates, flights, carbon monoxide);
• construction pencil (sometimes apply a marker);
• joiner.

If there is power tools in the workshop, they will facilitate the solution of the task. Can be useful: electric drill, electric lobby or vertical saw with small teeth.

For the manufacture of the connection, you can use a manual milling mill. In addition, if a permanent assembly of wooden parts is planned, special devices are developing, which allow marking and serve as guided by picking.

On furniture and woodworking industries, the teeth and groove are cut on special machines. These include:

• lamp mill;
• milling machine with nozzles;
• special machine for the manufacture of fastening elements of a swallow tail;
• industrial templates.

Make a swallow tail with a milling line is much easier and faster. The machine allows you to withstand the specified dimensions with a high degree of accuracy.

Connection design nuances

When designing elements, the tail must consider the following characteristics:

• size and mass of each part;
• species of wood;
• the scope of the future design (it will help to take into account the accompanying loads and the inner tension of the wood);
• the number of necessary grooves and teeth;
• their shape and geometric dimensions (length, inclination angle, base size);
• the interval between the teeth.

Accounting for these nuances will allow to obtain durable and durable mount. To properly execute the junction of the lobby, the drawing must be completed in accordance with the established standards and rules. Too large number of elements allows you to increase strength. This leads to a decrease in the size of each tooth, which can cause its breakdown when mounting. In addition, significantly increases difficulties in manufacturing and leads to an increase in manufacturing time. Therefore, assembled relations are used, for example 2: 1 or 3: 1.

After preparatory work, it is necessary to preliminary checking the accuracy of the engagement. If errors have been made, you need to adjust each element (spike or groove). After eliminating all the shortcomings, it is embarrassed to gluing parts.

State standards

The main standard that establishes the rules for the manufacture of elements of the fastening of wooden parts, is GOST 9330-2016. It contains the dimensions of the teeth, grooves, the dumps of various types of assembly. The standard presents schemes with samples of such mounts. Rules of roundings and symbols applied in the drawings are indicated.

Download GOST 9330-2016