Useful tips: What windows are better to put in the apartment - reviews and rating. What plastic windows are better to choose? How to choose high-quality plastic windows

Plastic profile, double-glazed accessories, compactor - how important these elements of the plastic window are important, on which one you can save, how to choose them correctly and compound into a single whole? How to decide on the manufacturer of windows? We will try to answer these and other current issues in this article.

So, you decided to install plastic windows in your home. How not to make a mistake with the choice of good window systems that will serve for a long time and efficiently, because the market is overflowing by the offer? Hundreds of firms represent their products, competing with each other size of discounts and a variety of shares. Unfortunately, many of them, to put it mildly, are incomprehensible to their customers. As a result, the consumer has to be delighted in the peculiarities of the market, the subtleties of production of PVC products, as well as installation and configuration of windows, not paying attention to aggressive advertising and marketing tricks.

Principles of selection of plastic windows

The modern plastic window is a complex system, all the elements of which are closely interrelated. Among them are not particularly important, minor. Oddly enough, but one of the most common consumer errors is the choice of the window only on a specific PVC profile brand. It is obvious that plastic windows will definitely disappoint the Customer if the manufacturer applies thin windows for their manufacture, cheap fittings, poor-quality reinforcement, short-lived seals. Let us consider in more detail what components are metal-plastic windows, we understand in the features of the configuration.

In order for the outskirts of metal-plastic windows with a successful and long-term investment, it is necessary to accurately determine their needs.

Technical nuances of window systems will largely depend on the conditions of their operation. The main criteria for selecting window elements will be:

temperature regime indoors and outside;
safety requirements.

All important: in which climatic zone you are in; where windows will be oriented - on a lively street or a quiet courtyard; For the premises are a window - a kitchen, a children's or balcony in the bedroom; What floor is your dwelling on the floor.

How to choose a profile for a plastic window?

The PVC profile is not unable to be one of the main elements of the plastic window. The service life of the product is largely dependent on its quality, its insulating properties and appearance. Naturally, only a certified plastic profile should be paid to the certified plastic profile that meets all modern standards and existing gta stations.

What is the manufacturer of the window profile better?

Practice shows that many window firms prefer to work with a profile of German production, especially since most foreign manufacturers offer several series of profiles, characterized in both their characteristics and cost.

Note that the profile market is divided into segments. There are relatively inexpensive trademarks of the profile, there are strong middle peasants. Until recently, the main prerogative of Russian producers was the economy class, the so-called "tender" profiles for objects, where quality questions are moved to the background, and most importantly is the cheapness of the products. In fairness, we note that domestic companies have been successfully competing with foreign producers in the middle class for several years, as they use their own raw materials, equipment and technologies.

Some Western European manufacturers of PVC profile are represented only in the highest price category, as a rule, they are produced for the Russian limit. Specialists are confident that there are no fundamental differences between the products of the world's leading companies, only the products of the economy class should be avoided, not withstanding any criticism. Therefore, the brand is not much more important, but the specifications of a specific profile series.

Select the features of the window profile

The plastic profile is the basis of the entire window block, it performs a carrier function. The width and height of the profile affects the static indicators of the finished product. Massive frames and sash can be equipped with an additional third seal contour, wider double-glazed windows (up to 48 mm), anti-burglar fittings, a large number of aircases. The market presents profiles from 58 to 121 wide ("Dutch series"), naturally, the wider - the better, but also more expensive.

The bulkheads inside the profile form aircases that play a huge role in the sound and thermal insulation of the window, and are also ribbon ribs. The more cameras, the better the insulating properties of the finished product. Three-digit windows 58 - 60 mm wide are recommended only in areas with temperate climates or in unheated rooms, for example, on loggia. For most territory of our country, profiles with five and more cameras, from 70 mm wide, are better suited. By the way, in Europe, where climatic conditions are much softer, three-chamber profiles in the construction of housing are already practically not used.

Another extremely important indicator of the window PVC profile, which directly affects its strength and durability is the thickness of the outer walls. According to GOST for the windows of the middle class (A-Class), this indicator should be at least 3 mm, although some manufacturers, in order to reduce the cost of profiles, reduced the thickness of the face wall to 2.5 - 2.7 mm, presenting the world "lightweight" series Economy class.

It is also necessary to clarify what enhanced liner will be used in the production of windows. The reinforcing liner is inserted into the main chamber of PVC profile in order to give the stiffness of the structure, as well as stabilize the shape and linear dimensions of the plastic product, actively changing due to temperature fluctuations. According to standards, it is made of galvanized steel with a thickness of 1.2-2 mm, a p-shaped or rectangular shape of the cross section. No rare cases when the windows are unclean on the hand, the reinforcing profile with a small wall thickness is used - from 0.5 mm, or made of black metal.

Attention! A reinforcing metallic profile must be installed in white windows with a length of more than 800 mm, as well as in colored products of any size.

According to the degree of resistance to climatic influences, the PVC profile can be divided into normal and frost-resistant. Frost-resistant profiles are used in areas with an average monthly temperature in January lower than -20 ° C, in marking they have an additional letter "M".

Window profiles You can choose any color on the RAL scale. In most cases, toning is implemented by laminating facial surfaces with special films. The films often have wood texture, as well as imitate some valuable rocks: oak, walnut, beech. It is also possible to laminate the facial and the outside of the window in different colors. Another way to decorate plastic profiles is coextrusion staining. It consists in applying during the manufacture of profiles of a thin acrylic coating, which is a single integer with the basis of PVC. Acrylic (plexiglass) layer has excellent resistance to ultraviolet and local heating, therefore it is not susceptible to cracking and detachment. In addition, the window profiles are painted by spraying colored varnish. Brown profiles can be toned in mass. By the way, different window profile manufacturers may have white options: from white-blue to milk-white.

Note that no matter how the method of toning was applied, this is an additional work for the manufacturer, respectively, the profile price will be 10-20% higher compared to white. Moreover, specific requirements are presented to color windows - it is a smaller allowable distance between the mounting elements and the mandatory increase in profiles with metal liners.

Choosing a profile, you need to pay attention to the following details:

number of aircases;
the width and height of the profile;
the thickness of the facial walls;
the presence and characteristics of the reinforcing liner;
frost resistance (if necessary);
toning;
defagability of the brand.

Choose glass windows

As well as the multi-chamber plastic profile, high-quality double-glazed windows provides a window from PVC good soundproof and high thermal insulation characteristics. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of the selection of the suitable technical characteristics of the glass package, especially since the area of \u200b\u200bthe outlet, closed with glass is incommensurable more than filled with plastic elements. The role of double-glazed windows is so important that many large windows manufacturers for proper quality control themselves are made in their own shops.

Modern double-glazed windows have a serious multifunctionality, so with the right choice they are able to comprehensively solve a lot of tasks and problems. Special properties of glass packages give the use of special films, spraying.

They can be a wide variety of forms: arched, oval, triangular, trapezoidal; And also have a thickness of from 14 to 60 mm (GOST 24866-99).

The main criteria for selecting the glass package are:

features of climatic conditions;
sound impact;
safety requirements;
nuances of architectural, designer decisions.

Single-chamber or two-chamber glass windows?

Single-chamber double-glazed windows is a design of two brazers glued together at a certain distance. Depending on the dimensions of the distance frame and the thickness of the glass, they most often have a thickness of 24-26 mm. Double-glazed windows with two windows, without the use of any energy-saving technologies, it makes sense to use only in southern latitudes, in unheated or well ventilated industrial premises. In other cases, they are prone to fog.

A two-chamber glass has much higher sound and thermal insulation, so with a total thickness of at least 32 mm, they are best suited for use in residential areas of the middle strip of Russia. The design of three glass, separated by two remote frames, in general, and thought to optimize the insulating properties of the window with an integer.

Often, the two-chamber glass windows are located at a different distance from each other, using the remote frames of various widths for chambers of one block, from 6 to 16 mm, which makes it possible to more effectively extinguish sound oscillations and improve thermal insulation properties. Another trick of developers concerning the improvement of sound insulation is to increase the thickness of the outer glass with the minimum allowable 4 mm to 5-6 mm.

Energy saving technologies in the production of double-glazed

The problem of saving heat glass packages is solved in various ways. Most often it is the use of energy-saving braids with solid or soft coating. Soft coatings are applied to the finished glass in the form of films. Solid coatings are applied on the glass during its production, and is a deposition of low-emission compositions that transmit visible lights, but at the same time reflect thermal radiation towards its source. Thus, heat losses can be reduced almost three times, in addition, in sunny weather, the room is much less heated, the interior items do not fade, condensate does not fall on the windows. Depending on the type of spraying composition and the technologies of their application there are k-windows and I-glasses. The first possess low thermal conductivity, neutral and easily manufactured. The seconds have even more outstanding insulating properties, but the process of their production is somewhat more complicated and more expensive, the I-coating is slightly noticeable for the human eye.

The use of two steel-saving spraying machines in a single-chamber windshop is not very effective, in contrast to a two-chamber design with a 10-mm distance between the glasses - according to the scheme 4i-10-4-10-4i (4 - glass thickness; 10 - the width of the chamber; I - type of coating).

Another option of energy-saving technologies is the gas-filter of the windows chambers. Inert gases, argon and crypton used for these purposes have a much less thermal conductivity and heat capacity compared to air, and besides due to molecular characteristics, they slowly transmit heat from one glass to another. Experts believe that the thermal insulation characteristics of a single-chamber glass glass with conventional glazes are improved somewhere by 5%, and a similar glass with one i-glass will be 10-12% warmer - the diagram 4-16Airgon-4i.. Therefore, it is recommended to apply these technologies in tandem, including in two-chamber glass windows.

What is "Safe Double Glass"?

Security issues that solve special double-glazed windows relate to two things. First, it is its resistance to mechanical effects, secondly, this is the character of fragments during damage.

You can never exclude the possibility of destruction of window glass with the formation of a plurality of fragments with sharp edges. In order to protect people from problems in a similar situation, double-glazed windows with tempered glass are used in the production of windows. We produce such windows by heat treatment after cutting them in size. As a result, they are 5-7 times more stronger, it concerns both shock and impacts on the deflection and stretching. The damaged tempered glass decomposes on small fragments of no more than 3 cm 2, which do not have sharp corners. After heat treatment, it does not lose their light light and heat engineering properties, so it is possible to make it tempered by any glassy - sunscreen, energy saving or multifunctional. Glass windows with seasoned windows are most often used for children's rooms, entrance groups and facades, attic windows, winter gardens, fire hazardous premises.

Special characteristics have glass with a polymer layer - triplex. It is a glass that have a complex multilayer structure, all the layers of which are connected by a special film or a special resin. With the destruction of the glass package, the fragments will not fly around, and remain on the polymer laying, therefore they are not able to cause harm to man. The multi-layer TRPLEX technology was based on the production of armored, bullet-resistant stalks. Note that multi-layered glasses are weakly transmitted vibrations, therefore are an effective element of the soundproofing of the double-glazing and windows with an integer. Double-glazed windows with chapels Triplex can be called anti-burglary, as it is also difficult to penetrate them in a housing, as well as through a good entrance door, so it is very often used for country construction and in the lower floors of apartments.

Reinforced windows are not only safe during mechanical damage, but also perform a firefight function. Thanks to the metal grid introduced into the glass structure, the double-glazed windows retain the integrity during the destruction and prevent the dissemination of the fire. We produce such windows both smooth, transparent and patterns, and rifé.

Recently, the issues of protecting premises from electromagnetic emissions have become relevant, in particular to prevent information leakage. Shielding windows, glazed doors and partitions are carried out by metallization of a glass with a grid or with a bolding film with their conductive films. Shielded sheets are easily integrated into the electromagnetic screen of special premises, which, in addition to solving privacy problems, can protect a person from the effects of harmful emissions, and complex devices and devices from electromagnetic noise.

Save privacy helps double-glazed windows, viewed only on the one hand. As a rule, they have a mirror appearance outside. Most often, they are used in offices, banks, on the first floors of apartment buildings.

How do sunscreen work work?

Sunflowers are designed to limit the amount of light and thermal energy falling into the inner space. Their special properties in the summer are most in demand, when it is necessary to deal with overheating of the premises. Previously, it was assumed that for these purposes it is necessary to simply reduce the streams of the passing light as an integer, so dark windows were considered working. Now, besides toned in the mass and plated film, a glass with various kinds of spraying are actively used.

Depending on the technology of coating and its type, sunscreen windows are created, which reflect or absorb radiation.

To be accurate, they are or predominantly reflecting, or predominantly absorbing (tinted). As a result, the consumer has the opportunity to order the manufacture of transparent glass windows reflecting the thermal energy of the Sun, but transmitting the bulk of natural light.

What is sposters, what are they needed for?

Springs can be a constructive window element designed to strengthen a large glazing area. They divide it into several fields filled with individual glass packages. Constructive grinders are part of the frame and are made from a plastic admission profile.

Decorative sposters are an intercolored layout forming a variety of spatial patterns. Such sposters are attached to the distance frame during the production of double-glazed. They can be performed in any color on the RAL scale, but the most popular are white, brown, anodized, "golden" layouts. Sresp profiles have a width of 8, 18, 26, 32 mm, thanks to the connecting elements of various configurations of them create very interesting geometric shapes, from simple lattices to complex structures with curved under different angles with lines. Decorative sposters allow us to implement individual designer ideas. The light opening of the window with an internal layout receives a well-known share of exclusivity, recognition, which, you see, it is important for the unified window blocks from PVC.

Choose accessories for plastic window

The accessories of the plastic window ensures opening of the sash in various directions and their reluctant locking. The duration of the window service, its heat engineering characteristics and appearance depends on the quality of this element. Any experienced "Okraik" will say that it is impossible to save on the accessories. Moreover, there was even a tendency at which manufacturers firms inexpensive window blocks are practically equipped with high-quality European fittings.

What is the difference between high-quality fittings?

Modern windows from PFCs can be equipped with accessories of almost any manufacturer, but well-proven products of companies: Roto, Maco, Siegenia-Aubi. Their accessories in quality and cost is almost identical, it fully complies with the current Russian guests.

The accessories for the PVC window should be only steel, which is capable of providing several dozen openings per day for at least 20 years. The loop of high-quality accessories with ease withstand weight more than 100 kilograms, the sash of windows with its help is open smoothly, without jerks and outsiders (creak, rustling, rustling).

Be sure to demand certificates of conformity from the windows manufacturer. For example, plastic accessories in Russia is not certified and no one will show such documents on it.

What is the fittings?

Constructive criterion for classification of accessories is the way to open the window. Three versions of the movement of the sash are possible: a folding (fryrable), swivel and swivel-folding. Depending on the part side, which is opening, there is right and left loops.

Anti-burglar fittings are designed to prevent unauthorized penetration into the dwelling through the windows. According to statistics, more than 70% of cases, robbers prefer to hack the window sash. Already as standard, high-quality fittings have a basic security level, in addition to this there are several more anti-break classes, the highest of which provide protection against thieves armed with a heavy hand tool of the scrap type or a powerful electric tool.

The window becomes as reliable, as well as high-quality entrance doors, thanks to the use of high-strength elements of doped steel accessories (hooks, hooks, mushrooms, hooks, loops, constipation, response strips ...), increasing the number of locking points, as well as some constructive solutions borrowed from Areas of anti-burglar doors. Additionally improves the degree of protection hidden pad against driving, as well as a handle with a lock or blocking, which is required for all configurations of anti-burglar fittings.

Obviously, a window with anti-burglar accessories must be equipped with a multi-layered protected double-glazed glass, inside the plastic profile, a high-quality reinforcing liner must be located, ensuring reliable mounting of the response planks.

The windows with well-adjusted fittings are easily open even with the most young children. To protect curious kids, several ways are applied. The windows can be equipped with accessories with elements that block the swivel function of the sash - children's overhead locks, opening blocks. The most effective is the use of a handle with a lock or hidden button, as well as a stub sockets with removable handles.

Accessories can have a microwing mode, which lies in the fact that in a certain position of the handle - 45 °, the sash to several millimeters deviates from the frame. This ensures access to the premises of fresh air without the formation of drafts. This feature is called "slotted", "winter" ventilation.

There are some additional functions of the accessories - this is a stepwise opening, which allows you to install the sash in various positions; blocking a folding, preventing the wrong handle turn in the open sash position; Protection against spontaneous slamming, which helps reliably fix the sash in the open position.

In addition, high-quality accessories includes handles and decorative lining of various colors and design.

How to choose seals?

The sealing system is closely interconnected with the reservoir system of the profile system. Together they have a much greater effect on the thermophysical characteristics of the window than it may seem at first glance. It is the seals that provide the windows of PVC exceptional tightness, which provides the entire design of sound and thermal insulation. It is they who protect the accessories from condensate, garbage, harmful to its functioning of abrasive particles. Unfortunately, the choice of the consumer reduces more to color issues - for many it is important only that the sealant is poor, gray. Often managers accepting orders, due to certain reasons, are also not inclined to discuss the selection of sealing materials.

Depending on the type of profile, plastic window blocks may have from one to three perimeters of the seal. From where they are placed, the sealing contours are divided into internal, external and average.

Seal for plastic windows are made of special rubber, silicone, rubbing or rubber. Of course, they all possess special characteristics: elasticity; softness; Resistant to temperature differences and ultraviolet, acids, alkalis, oils. But everyone has its drawbacks - rapid aging, replacement complexity, reduction of elasticity at low temperatures, significant cost (silicone). According to many specialists, the best price / quality compactors have seals from EPTC material - ethylene-propylene-thermopolymer-rubber, international labeling - EPDM.

Although the manufacturers of plastic windows have the ability to independently set their products, it is better if the seals recommended by its manufacturer will be applied to a particular profile system. This will be ensured by the perfect compliance of the groove and seal.

When ordering a plastic window, ask you to provide you with a certificate of conformity for sealing materials. Prefer the products of European manufacturers.

Who can order a window? Instead of epiloga

So, we examined in detail all the elements of the modern plastic window, their types and technical features. However, it is not enough to simply competently complete the window block, a lot depends on the professionalism and decency of employees of the company, which will make your windows. Do not forget also that the installation of products is performed in most cases they.

When choosing plastic windows, do not make the main accent on the PVC profile brand, and choose the manufacturer of the windows, which from the best side has established itself in the market, has a solid experience, the staff of qualified employees. Better, if it is a large company, more than one year working in your city.

Beware of contracts with seasonal "one-day firms", which offer windows at the lowest prices, a huge period of warranty, a variety of tempting shares. They stop their existence already early in winter, when consumers begin to massively handle complaints on poor-quality products. Such companies do not have competent managers, measurers, installers, sometimes their function is generally performing the same person. It happens that seasonal firms do not have their own office, but accept orders on a mobile phone, and the contracts conclude on the house with the customer.

Choosing a window, discuss in detail with the seller the options for configuring windows, ask to advise, on what can be saved. Often after such conversations, much becomes clear about the competence of the contractor.

Do not be lazy to talk to the measurer about the design and installation items, keep in mind, his call has nothing to do with anything. If the level of knowledge of the subject, the appearance or manner of communication of the measurer is alarming, think about whether to continue with this firm further cooperation.

Ask managers to show you certificates for services provided and provided products. Quality certificate must be a second window, as well as all its components - profile, double-glazed, accessories, seals.

Order windows only when concluding an agreement, where the manufacturer's complete props are indicated, the configuration and cost of products, the timing of their manufacture and installation. Only with the help of the contract you can protect against the unforeseen increase in the price, tightening the timing, poor-quality assembly and installation, the auction of components.

Stick these simple rules, and you will get a really high-quality window.

To date, a huge number of window products is represented on the market. What plastic windows relate to the category of the highest quality and how are high-end products from cheap fakes? When choosing plastic windows, you need to be guided by the main characteristics and reputation of the manufacturer. The cost of products does not always correspond to its quality, as often sellers will unreasonably overestimate the price. Also should not be overpaying for those features of the design that you will not be suitable in your conditions. What you need to know about plastic windows in order to choose a quality product?

The main characteristics of plastic windows

Plastic windows consist of the following elements:

window block and frame (profile) from PVC;
double glazed windows (glass winds);
sealant;
window fittings.

Each component has the technical characteristics, on which the operational quality of the window as a whole depends. Let us dwell on how to match each of the elements.

Attention!

High-quality PVC windows are made under the control of the ISO 9001 standard and have a corresponding certificate.

Profile

The profile made of high-quality polyvinyl chloride is resistant to mechanical, chemical and thermal influences. The life of its operation is 50 years.

What indicators determine a good profile from PVC? Before choosing the manufacturer, read the main characteristics of the product.

Profile width. It all depends on the purchasing power. The wider profile, the better and warmer. One nuance: A wide profile must have more rigid ribs, otherwise the strength of the product will suffer.
The number of thermal insulation chambers. For good thermal insulation, it is better to choose a profile that has at least 5 cameras. In the area with very low winter temperatures it is better to consider options where the cameras are filled with inert gas.
Reinforcement. For rigidity, the profile of PVC is reinforced from the inside with steel inserts. One-piece outline is more durable, but if the priority is heat-insulating properties, it is better to put windows with an open circuit - they are warmer.
Profile Manufacturer Country. Traditionally, German products are considered high quality. But often, such windows produce in Russia in German technology. In this case, the price must be lower.

How to choose a glass?

Double-glazed windows are chosen in accordance with the requirements necessary in your conditions. This is what structures are double-glazed windows:

single-chamber - two glasses;
two-chamber - three glasses;
three-chamber - four glasses.

Important detail - glass thickness and distance between glasses. The more this value, the better the heat and soundproofing characteristics of the window. On average, the optimal glass thickness ranges in the area of \u200b\u200b4-5 mm (the outer can be thicker than the internal), and the distance between them is about 10-16 mm with a total thickness of at least 30 mm.

In addition, the window cost will be higher if you put glasses with advanced features:

energy saving;
armored;
sunscreen;
reinforced;
hardened;
self-cleaning.

Profile color is traditional white. If you choose PVC poor quality, it can burn out in the sun and acquire a yellowish tint. In addition to white, you can put windows and other colors. In this case, the paint is applied to the surface of the profile or is added directly into the plastic mass during the manufacturing process. There is a variant like lamination - the painted film is glued to the profile.

What is the seal?

The seal plays a significant role in thermal insulation and participates in the drainage system, provide the tightness of the window. He must go around the perimeter of the flaps and fit tightly to both surfaces. For its production, the following materials are used:

rubber;
silicone;
special rubber;
rubbing.

The material must be elastic, soft, but elastic, resistant to external influences. It is better to put a seal made from ethylene-propylene-thermopolymer rubber (EPDM).

Choose accessories

Furnitura provides opening of window sash. Put good accessories - it means to lengthen the service life of the window as a whole and protect yourself from unpleasant surprises. The opening mechanism is simple - turning, or more complex - swivel-folding; With a slotted opening (winter ventilation). High-quality accessories are made of high-strength grades of doped steel. At the request of the client on the windows you can put anti-burglar accessories, handles with blocking and lock, hidden overlays against drill.

Good fittings are resistant to corrosion, has a smooth move and the optimal ratio of metal and plastic in the design.

The leading manufacturers of accessories for plastic windows include firms:

Siegenia-Aubi;
Roto;
Maco;
Winkhaus.

Window design

The cost of windows from PVC directly depends on their design. There are rectangular and square windows, you can put profiles in the form of arches and semi-colors, swing and sliding models, with fixed and opening flaps. The large size of the window is mounted from several glasses, for giving strength to divide them with aluminum profile crossprises. Modern manufacturers are ready to fulfill any whim, of course, for your money. The more non-standard window you wish to put, the more open and turning mechanisms in it, the higher the final cost of the product will be.

Manufacturers and prices

What manufacturers are considered the best? In Russia, about ten firms engaged in the manufacture of windows from PVC have proven well in Russia. Products of both domestic and foreign production are used in demand. All of them occupy their niche in the ratio of "price-quality", which makes it easy to choose the appropriate option.

Profile of Veka, Naro-Fominsky district, D. Gubtio. The product was assigned a German quality mark, and the production control is carried out under the auspices of European technologies. The undoubted advantages of VEKA windows include stable quality and wide range of products. By minuses - the high cost, which does not cause as much as the quality of how many brand.

Rehau profile, Gzhel. Today, by the number of products manufactured, the company leads in the Russian market. Pluses of the REHAU profile: high quality and manufacturer's warranty, a large range of products. The disadvantages include high cost of products.
Profile of KBB (KBE), Resurrection. Another German company engaged in the production of in Russia. At the same time, along with high quality, characteristic of the first two manufacturers, the KBE profile today has a slightly lower price, which is explained by successful marketing strokes.

These manufacturers occupy leading positions in the plastic windows market. In addition to them, in the TOP-10, the following firms include varying success.

Profile Salamander, Türkheim, Germany. Pros: European quality control, dealer control from the manufacturer, profile design. Cons - the cost of products.
Profile "Mont Blanc", Elektrostal. Benefits include: low cost, large range, product quality. Disadvantages - no ISO certificate.
Profile Kaleva, Moscow. Pros - excellent design, full production cycle. Cons - no quality management certification.
Profile Proplex, Podolsk. This is a Russian company that has created a full cycle of production. Profile advantages: Low cost. Disadvantages - outdated designs, lack of international certification.
Profile DECEUNINCK, Belgium, branch - G. Protvino.
Profile Juice, Syzran. The company has no own profile, but makes it at the ProFine Concern (Kve) plant. The windows are characterized by traditionally high European quality, but a small choice and unreasonably overestimated cost of finished products.

In general, the question "What windows is better to put?" Can't be a definite answer. It all depends on the conditions in which they will be operated. For residential premises, more expensive designs are chosen for localities with low winter temperatures, and in other cases you can save on the number of chambers and double-glazed windows, accessories and glass characteristics. Before putting the windows, it is determined for themselves the characteristics to which they must comply and refer to the leading manufacturers with a good reputation and all relevant quality standards.

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This article is on how to choose new windows in the apartment. It so happened that the choice of window customer usually completely shifts on the seller. My task is to tell you what to pay attention to when buying, and what factors have no important importance. Let's proceed.

Our goal is to purchase a warm, practical and durable window.

The points

What kind of window parameters do we have to choose?

There are several of them:

Material Ram. Currently, they are made from metalplastic (PVC with metal liners that increase profile rigidity), wood (glued from lamellae and tested protective compositions) and aluminum;
The situation and the number of opening and deaf flaps;
Producer Ram and (in the case of metal and metal-plastic products) the structure of the profile;
Manufacturer and window fittings design;
The number of chambers of the glass chamber;

The camera in this case is called the air layer between the glasses in the hermetic glass. The number of cameras for one less than the amount of glazing threads: double-glazed glass of two glasses is called one-cell, with three - two-chamber and so on.

In the case of special requirements for the glass pack - its functionality. It can be energy-saving, sunscreen and noise protection.

Material

What is the best frame - plastic, wooden or aluminum?

With a limited budget - plastic. Why? Here are the arguments in their favor:

Service life for less than 50 years;
Lack of special care requirements. The surface of the PVC profile can be safely washed using any cleaning products, including weak solutions of acids and alkalis. Only abrasive means are undesirable: their frequent use will make the glossy surface of the rough profile and makes it get to get it faster;
The range of permissible operating temperatures from -60 to +60 degrees, which makes it possible to use them in any regions of our wide and immense;

Plastic windows perform their functions in any climatic zone of the country - from the Crimea to Yakutia.

The possibility of coloring in any color (including over the entire volume of plastic) or pasting decorative film (including textural, very reliably imitating wood).

What are bad on this background competing solutions?

Disadvantages of wooden frames:

High (at least half a day more expensive than when using PVC) the price of the window even when using cheap coniferous wood. The use of noble breeds increases its even at least twice;

Only soap water or special detergents can be used for washing window frames;
The surface of the frame should be periodically (at least once a year) to process the protective emulsion, compensating for the evaporation of the protective impregnation.

The choice of aluminum profile means an unjustified increase in heat loss: aluminum - metal with high thermal conductivity. Each frame will become a bridge of a cold, contributing to the leakage of heat, and in severe cold it also covers frost (which, at the first thaw, will turn into a dripping water on the floor).

Warm aluminum profiles exist, however, they constitute all the same combination of metal and plastic, only at a higher than that of PVC frames, price.

Sash

How to choose a window design - the position of the deaf and opening flaps ?

I would formulate my experience in communicating with plastic windows of different designs as follows:

A deaf sash at the top of the window is very uncomfortable even with its considerable height: it is difficult to wash from the outdoor side. Much more practical folding sash in the entire height of the window opening. Exception - So high window that the lock handle, located in its middle, will be on the inaccessible to the owner of the height;

It is extremely undesirable to increase the width of the opening flap above 70 - 75 centimeters. It will be saved under his own weight;
Window width more than 1.5 - 1.6 meters worth making a three-stranded. At the same time, the opening sash should settle down in the middle, between two deaf. An alternative solution is two opening flaps at the edge edge.

This configuration of the sash again will help wash the glass outside without risk falling out of the window.

Profiles

What plastic windows are better to choose from the type of profile?

The main advice when choosing windows for cold regions - look at the width of the profile. It can be equal to 60, 70 and 90 mm.

The greater the width, the smaller the heat will be lost through the frames.

The most available at the cost of 60-millimeter profiles; But in the category 70 mm, exceptionally high-quality products from eminent manufacturers are offered.

What is affected by the number of air chambers inside the profile?

On thermal conductivity of frames and sash. More cameras - less heat loss. The reduction mechanism is rather obvious: the inter-chamber partitions limit the convection of the air inside the frame carrying thermal energy between the outer walls of the profile.

Who produces the highest quality plastic profiles for windows?

Germans are REHAU, VEKA and KBE. All these manufacturers have their own factories for the production of profile in Russia, so they can offer a competitive price for their products.

but

It is possible that this statement looks cramlessly, but with the same width and number of aircraft, the products of different manufacturers (including profiles of famous German companies and inexpensive products of Russian and Chinese brands) differ little among themselves in terms of operational characteristics.

The fact is that all products entering the domestic Russian market undergoing mandatory certification. It eliminates the non-compliance of the profile by environmental requirements or low resistance to ultraviolet.

German profiles have only one important difference from competing products - a large rigidity in relation to bending loads due to the greater thickness of the metal mortgage part. However, stiffness is important mainly with a large area of \u200b\u200bwindows and significant wind loads, and it is rather limited.

I will give as an example glazing my own. Two panoramic windows with an area of \u200b\u200b13 square meters each are collected at the inexpensive HAUTECK profile of Chinese production. The glazing transfers the strongest winter winds characteristic of seaside areas, without any excesses.

Furnitura

Manufacturer

What do you need to know when choosing accessories? Whose products should be closed ?

Here, the manufacturer, on the contrary, is very important: in the process of operating windows, fitness is experiencing significant loads, therefore the duration of its structural use of the window of the window as a whole depends on the quality of its design and on the quality of the metal.

Here are four producers who have won an impeccable reputation in this market sector:

Siegenia-Aubi;

Roto;
Maco;
Winkhaus.

As a rule, the sellers of the windows themselves offer to include in the package of windows the fittings of one of the manufacturers listed by me. It is understandable: why do they need unnecessary problems with disgruntled customers?

Functions

How to choose fittings on functionality ?

Here is a set of functions that I consider a reasonable minimum:

Block error action. It does not allow to turn the handle of an open sash, completely freeing its top edge out of the loop;
Framuga mode (folding the sash on yourself). The folding sash will allow you to ventilate the room into a windy and rainy weather, not bay with a window sill with rainwater;

Microwing mode - fixation of the leaf of the sash in intermediate positions. Installation of sealed plastic windows instead of wooden for the apartment means a violation of a well-thought-out system of the ventilation of rooms through the windows: through ventkanals continues to work, and the inflow is completely stopped.

As a result, the increase in humidity leads to the appearance of condensate on the glasses, frames and slopes, and after it - and to black spots of fungus. Microwing provides a constant dosage influx of fresh air without the risk of cold drafts: the cold stream is mixed with a heating device aside from the heating device under the warm air window;

If windows are already installed, microwing can ensure installation on the frame and the sash of the window retainer. This product costs 100 - 200 rubles; You can fasten it to the window in 5 - 10 minutes.

With a significant width of the sash, the microlift is very useful - a simple device, lifting its edge when closing;

The sash must be recorded not only by the central lock, but also the clamping rollers at the top and bottom. Otherwise, the top and bottom of the sash will inevitably move away from the frame, leaving in the sealing slots for cold air from the street;
Another instruction on the choice of fittings is important in the cold regions: its clamping rollers must have Summer-Winter modes. The turn of the oval roller changes the clamp of the sash: in winter it is pressed stronger, which compensates for the reduction of the linear dimensions of the profile during cooling, in the summer is weaker, which eliminates the deformation of the seal.

Rotate the video - eccentric allows you to adjust the clamp of the sash.

Glass windows

Number of cameras

What plastic windows choose the type of glass package - single-chamber, two-chamber or three-chamber ?

It all depends on the climatic zone.

In the warm regions (Crimea, Kaliningrad, Volgograd and Krasnodar region), single-chamber glass windows are most in demand.

In areas with a temperate and moderately cold climate (the center of the country, the near-sural and most of the Far East) in the assortment of sellers predominate windows with double-chamber windows.

In the extreme north (primarily in Yakutia and in Chukotka), three-chamber prevails (in 4 threads) glazing.

Energy saving

What it is - energy-saving double-glazed?

One of the glasses in its composition has a metal spraying (a multilayer coating based on silver oxides and titanium with a thickness of everything in several molecules), which has limited transparency in the infrared spectrum. At the same time, glass skips up to 90% of visible light.

What does it give?

In winter, when the temperature in the apartment is higher than on the street, the coating reflects the infrared rays towards the sprinkled room, cutting the heat loss. In the summer, the energy-saving glass filters the sunlight, selecting the thermal part of the spectrum, and reduces the heating of the rooms on the sunny side.

Not the air, but inert gas, is often used as a filling of the energy-saving double-glazing glass (most often in this role acts inexpensive argon). Due to lesser thermal conductivity and greater compared to air viscosity, it further reduces heat loss due to convection.

A potential buyer is useful to know several curious facts, one way or another associated with energy-saving glass packages.

The market offers two types of energy-saving glasses: K-glass with solid spraying is obtained by applying a metal layer on a hot substrate, and the I-glass with a soft layer - the emission of metal molecules in a vacuum to a cold surface. I-glass features greater translucency with less permeability for IR radiation, but its coating is very unstable with respect to mechanical effects;

On the left - the open balcony door, on the right - energy-saving double-glazed windows. How to easily notice, it almost does not darken the field of view.

This problem is solved extremely simple: still at the stage of the assembly of the glass-glass package I-glass is mounted by spraying.

Co-glass spraying has sufficient strength so that it can be used in the glazing into one thread;
Single-chamber energy-saving double-glazed windows on a quarter warmer compared to a two-chamber package with simple glasses and 40% warmer compared to the usual single-chamber. At the same time, the cost of a single-chamber energy-saving and two-chamber conventional packages is approximately equal, and the weight of the first one is one and a half times less, which reduces the load on the profile and increases the service time of the fittings;
Two-chamber glass, including two I-glasses, the quality of thermal insulation approximately corresponds to a brickwork in 70 centimeters. At the same time, the second I-glass in the package increases its heat-insulating quality by only 2-3%;

Argon in the energy-saving package increases its thermal efficiency by 8 - 12%, and in normal - only 4;
During the year, due to the molecular diffusion of argon through the sealant, up to 3% of its total volume is lost;
It is impossible to determine the presence of argon in the chambers of the glass chamber: you will have to completely rely on the honesty of the seller. But the I-glass is easy to know, after looking in the reflection in the lights of a light match or lighters: a metal coating shifts the reflected image into a red part of the spectrum;
Due to the smaller permeability for IR rays, the I-glass is heated on the plain seven degrees more than usual. Therefore, to reduce heat loss in winter, the double-glazed windows need to be installed in this glass, and to reduce the heating of the room in the summer months - outward.

In my attic (reminded - with the total area of \u200b\u200bwindows 26 m2 at room area 60 m2) set single-chamber packages with one i-glass. Climatic zone - Crimea, Sevastopol. The average temperature of January - +3, at least the winter temperatures observed by me - -20c.

The effectiveness of energy-saving glazing functions speak two facts:

Outdoor coating opposite the open balcony door, brightly lit by the sun, heats up a few degrees more than the adjacent section of the floor, illuminated through glazing;
At -20 on the street to maintain comfortable +20 in the attic enough 4.1 kilowatt thermal power (28.47 watts per cubic meter), which is noticeably less than the calculated value for the systems of the heating of modern houses with insulated facades.

The photo is clearly visible to the thermal power of the inverter air conditioner - the only source of heat in the attic.

Lightness

How is the light glass windows?

Partial permeability in the visible part of the spectrum is ensured by a method already familiar to us - by spraying a metal coating with a thickness of nanometers. Glass can have translucency in the range from 30 to 70% and have an arbitrary color - blue, green, gray, brown and so on.

The main function of light protection is a decrease in the insolation of the room on the south side of the house. However, in addition, the owner receives and protection against immodest views from the street: spraying has a metal glitter and thanks to the mirror effect does not allow to see the interior of the room from outside until the street lighting is brighter internal.

The light-protective and energy-saving glass can be combined into one double-glazed. This decision is popular in the south of the country.

Noise protection

How to choose the right plastic windows overlooking the lively street ?

The main problem for you will be noise from the street. Solution - two- or three-chamber noise glass windows. Noise protection is provided by two factors:

Different glass thickness (typically 4 and 6 mm);
Different width of the remote framework forming air chambers between the glasses.

In noise protection glass, you can also combine the glass of any types - ordinary, light-protective and energy-saving.

After the assembly to modify the file

What if you have already installed windows that do not suit you with your functionality?

Here is a list of typical problems of inexpensive windows that are installed by builders or are offered by dealers in the lowest price category:

The absence of tightness due to the lack of presser rollers. It is treated by replacing the kit of fittings. The replacement itself goes in the amount of up to 1000 rubles per window. The cost of accessories is quite predictable is determined by its manufacturer and functionality;

The absence of tightness due to the deformation of the seal. Eliminates the replacement of the seal on the frame and the opening sash. The seal is welded to the profile only in the corners and is usually easily removed from the groove with their own hands, and to install a new insulation, you can use a blocked steel spatula;

The absence of micro-leveling system compensates for the installation of the window retainer or supply valve already mentioned by me;

There is a simpler way to organize ventilation: it is enough to cut on a frame and sash a couple of segments of the insulation of 3-5 centimeters each. On the frame, it is cut from below, and on the sash on top: then all the dust from the street will not be transferred to the air in the residential premises, but to settle between the frames.

Turn the double-glazed glass into an energy-saving or sunscreen is easy to stick on the glass film with appropriate functionality. The glass is washed off clean and abundantly wetted with water with the addition of liquid soap or a children's shampoo. Then the film with a liner, carved in size, is pressed to it and smoothes from the center to the periphery with a rubber spatula or a plastic card.

Double-glazed glass with a glitched film will look careful if you take it out of the frame before the sticker. To dismantle it, it is enough to remove the strokes around the perimeter of the glass, up following them with a knife or steel spatula. When installing the strokes, pressed into the frame and achieve a rubber hammer.