Installation of spotlights on the gable overhang. Rules for filing a cornice with soffit - types of material and installation methods. Dimensions of roof overhangs made of corrugated board and their installation

Roof overhangs are sutured for the most part for aesthetic reasons, but this is far from the only reason. The overhangs are also designed to protect the roofing "cake" from the effects of wind and moisture. To simplify the filing process, spotlights were invented.

Peculiarities

Soffits are panels that can be made of various materials: metal, wood, polymers. Their purpose is to hem overhangs, both cornices and gables. Not so long ago, it was possible to hem with soffits only cornice overhangs, since they did not hold on the gables, however, the design was finalized and now it is possible to place soffits around the entire perimeter of the overhangs.

Of course, there are more traditional materials used for finishing the overhangs: lining, board, siding and the like. Soffits differ favorably from them, since they were developed in advance so as to create a suitable microclimate under the roof, to guarantee better ventilation of the roofing cake. Another advantage is the increased length of the spotlights. They can reach 80 cm. Neither the lining nor the board can boast of such a thing.

The advantages of using spotlights are as follows:

Strength. Soffits are resistant to loads, including wind loads.
Ease of maintenance. You don't have to take care of the spotlights. It will be enough to wash them a couple of times a year with soapy water.
Resistant to environmental influences. Soffits practically do not fade under the sun, unlike siding, which strongly changes its color after a long time under the sun. Also, soffits do not shrink or expand depending on temperature changes.
Variability of use. Soffits are suitable not only for exterior decoration, but also for interior decoration. They will also look interesting when placed on a veranda or terrace.

Ease of installation. You do not need specific knowledge to properly fix the spotlights in the right places.
Attractiveness. Soffits look good even without subsequent finishing, since they were originally intended for facing overhangs.
Resistance to microorganisms. Neither fungus nor mold infects soffits due to the treatment with a special agent that prevents the spread of such organisms.
High level of protection. Soffits protect not only the overhangs of the roof, but also those communications that are located under it and on the walls.
Resistant to temperatures. The temperature range at which soffits can be used is extremely high. It ranges from -60 to +120 degrees.

In addition to advantages, spotlights also have disadvantages, though not so many:

We'll have to constantly check what state they are in. Due to the presence of perforations, all kinds of debris can fly into them, clogging the existing ventilation holes. Also, wind can penetrate through the perforated holes, loosening the soffits and incapacitating them.
All plates will have to be completely replaced every five years.
Soffits are quite expensive, so you won't be able to save on them. Even with the condition of self-installation, the cost will still be impressive.
Unlike other materials used for hemming, you cannot shorten the soffits. Perforation on them is located in a certain order and its violation leads to the fact that some of the operational properties will be lost.

Device

Depending on the design features, there are completely closed, partially perforated and fully perforated soffits. Each of the constructs is designed to be installed in a specific location on the roof.

Soffits without perforation should be installed in areas subject to precipitation: rain, snow. These soffits are used to sheathe the pediments, as well as the vertical walls of the cornices.
Partially perforated panels are rightfully versatile. With their help, you can sheathe not only overhangs, but also ceilings. By the way, soffits with partial perforation are often chosen for covering the ceilings of terraces and verandas.

Fully perforated panels are suitable for cladding the inside of roof eaves. It is important that there is no sediment access to these areas, otherwise water will get inside the roofing cake, which will lead to rotting of the layers. However, the holes are not large enough for birds or large insects to enter.

All spotlights, with the exception of homemade ones, have special locks with which they are attached to each other. Also, using the same locks, they are attached to the overhang frame. After the fasteners are fixed, and the soffit itself is installed, the locks are not visible. You should also take into account the fact that the wider the soffits, the easier it is to install them and the faster the installation can be made.

As you can see, the soffit device is quite simple: it is a panel with or without perforation. However, the deceptive simplicity shouldn't confuse you. The perforation is arranged in a certain order, and if it is violated, the ventilation properties of the soffits will be seriously threatened.

Views

Today, several types of spotlights are distinguished at once. The classification is based on the materials from which the panels are made.

Plastic

In everyday life, this type of spotlights is better known as vinyl. Such products are the most popular due to their lightness, strength, large selection of colors and affordable prices. The advantages of vinyl spotlights include the following:

The material does not rot and does not corrode. Vinyl, unlike metals, has a completely different composition, therefore it is not subject to such changes.
Does not burn. The plastic melts rather than burns, so it does not support combustion. In addition, special compounds are added to the material from which the soffits are made, which increase the melting point.
Does not conduct electricity. Thanks to this quality, there are no risks of getting an electric shock if water gets on the plastic soffits. It so happens that they are used for ceiling sheathing, and under this sheathing is the wiring. In these cases, the lack of electrical conductivity is a significant advantage.
Ease of installation and maintenance. It is easy to install and maintain the panels in the future. Vinyl products are lightweight, so you can even mount them alone.

Resistance to stress. A short forceful effect will not bend or warp the bar, but this does not mean that you can hit and knock on vinyl spotlights. They are not designed for shock loads, but they perfectly tolerate atmospheric influences: blows of rain, hail and snow, strong gusts of wind, the weight of a snow cap.
Environmental Safety. The plastic used for the production of spotlights does not emit toxic substances harmful to the environment and to humans into the atmosphere, so it does not harm the environment.
Long operational life. Manufacturers claim that vinyl panels can last up to 50 years, but this claim is easily questioned as they need to be replaced every five years.

You can clearly see that choosing vinyl spotlights is a wise decision.

Metallic

Metal spotlights can be made from three metals: copper, aluminum and galvanized steel. Aluminum spotlights are the most popular today. Thanks to their advantages, it is possible to decorate the overhang, obtaining a neat and aesthetically pleasing cornice. So, the pluses include:

Ease of installation. This point can be easily disputed, given how easily the aluminum panel bends and deforms, but in the case of careful transportation to the place of installation and installation, not alone, installation really turns out to be quite simple.
Ease of use. Taking care of aluminum panels is easy thanks to the special coating they have, but you need to wash them carefully, without pressure, since the aluminum soffit is easy to bend. For this reason, it is not possible to use a pressure washer for washing.
Large selection of colors and durability. To begin with, aluminum products come in a huge range of colors. A special processing technology allows them to retain their color for a long time under constant exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

Resistant to combustion. Aluminum does not burn, but it gets very hot.
Resistant to temperature extremes. Aluminum is able to withstand any temperatures that are inherent in the Russian climate, however, like any metal, aluminum contracts when cooled and expands when heated. Because of this feature, it is undesirable to install aluminum spotlights on houses in areas with extremely cold winters and unbearably hot summers.

Like aluminum soffits, steel options can be made in a huge number of colors. Among other things, they lack one important drawback: steel panels are much more difficult to bend than aluminum ones. By the way, they have much more weight.

As for copper products, in addition to their interesting appearance, they have an extremely long service life.

According to some experts, copper spotlights can last up to 150 years without losing their operational properties. Since copper itself is expensive, the spotlights are decent. For each square meter of material, you will need to pay 2,500 or more rubles.

Wooden

Wooden panels are used not so much for practical purposes as for decorative purposes. Such options look best on houses made of logs or beams, although they also look quite good on brick structures. However, the tree in this case has more disadvantages than advantages:

Among other things, there are several types of spotlights, depending on their size. There are no universal standard dimensions, but you can immediately tell which company produced the soffits - Russian or foreign. So, in Russia, the optimal width of soffits is 50-80 cm, but this does not mean that models are not produced wider. You just have to look for them.

As for foreign products, its width and length are clearly defined: 30 cm in width and 360 cm in length. These sizes are considered the most convenient and fit well with almost any cornice.

As for the thickness, for aluminum samples it can reach 0.6 mm, and for vinyl samples - up to 1.2 mm. There is no general meaning for wooden soffits.

How to calculate the required amount?

type of roof;
the presence of an insulating layer;
the width and length of the slope or slopes, if the roof is multi-sloped;
the material from which the soffits are made;
overhang dimensions;
roofing material.

If for some reason you do not have access to such programs and you want to use the manual calculation method, then use the following instruction. For example, let's take the most common gable design:

Take measurements of gable and eaves. To simplify calculations, we denote the eaves overhangs with the letter D, and the pediment ones with the letter B. For example, D = 20 m, and B = 10 m.
Next, you need to find the perimeter of the overhangs, which is denoted by the letter L. In our case, L = 20x2 (two lengths of cornices D) + 10x4 (four lengths of gables B) = 80 m.
Next, the width of the overhang is measured. This value (let's denote it A) shows how far the overhang moves away from the wall. For example, let's take the standard indicator A = 0.5 m.
After the main values are obtained, you can determine the area of the overhang: S = 80x0.5 = 40 m.
To determine how many soffit sheets are required, it is necessary to take into account what material they will be made of. It is not possible to consider the calculation for each individual sample produced, so we will take the most common option - metal soffits with dimensions of 300x32.5 cm.To calculate how many pieces are needed (denoted as K), you need to divide the area of the overhangs by the area of the soffit sheet: K = 40 / 0.975 = 41.03 pieces. Rounding up - 42 spotlights.

In addition to spotlights, you will need some additional elements:

Groove or J-profile. It is necessary to divide the perimeter L by the length of the profiles (3 m): 80/3 = 26.67 pieces. Rounding up - 27 pieces.
Frontal strip. The number is determined in the same way as for the grooves: the perimeter of the soffits is divided by the length of the strip (3 m) by the perimeter of the soffits. 80/3 = 26.67 pieces. Rounding up - 27 pieces.
Finishing plank. The number is determined in the same way. The length of the finishing strip is 3 m. So, 80/3 = 26.67 pieces. Rounding off, we get 27 pieces.

In total, you will need 42 soffits and 27 grooves, finishing and frontal strips.

Instruments

There is no need to purchase expensive equipment to install spotlights. You can use what almost every owner has in the house:

Building level. Most preferably, you have both a spirit level and laser levels in stock. By comparing the horizontal on two levels alternately, you can accurately determine how smoothly the soffits fit.
Roulette. It is needed for marking. It is also used to measure how much to cut from the soffit sheet.
Construction knife. It is used for trimming small areas where precision is important. Use other tools to cut large pieces.
Angle ruler and protractor. Such tools, familiar to everyone since school days, are used to mark corners. When cutting soffits, it is important that each corner exactly corresponds to the required value, otherwise gaps will form between the parts or, conversely, they will overlap.

Hammer. It is best to use small metal carpentry tools.
Scissors for metal. Like a construction knife, scissors are designed to cut small pieces.
Fine-toothed hacksaw for metal. With its help, you can quickly saw off the required piece of medium size. When working with this tool, it is important to saw only along the markings, so as not to remove unnecessary things.
Drill and screwdriver. The first tool is required when you are working with dowels and you will need to pre-drill the holes. A screwdriver is necessary if you plan to fasten on self-tapping screws.
A circular saw. Before starting work, you need to stock up on a diamond blade, as it cuts metal parts best. If you have chosen vinyl spotlights, then regular discs will do.

Installation

The simplest is the classic process of filing overhangs with soffits. Even a beginner can do such a hemming with his own hands. To do everything correctly, easily and quickly, use the following instructions:

To start it is necessary to build a wooden frame, on which any soffit panels are mounted. For such a frame, you will need wooden bars with a cross section of 0.05 m. Variations with a cross section are unacceptable: the roof will not withstand too heavy bars, and too light boards will not withstand the weight of spotlights and snow load.
The markup is being done. Marks should be applied not only to the mills and overhangs, but also to the soffit sheets themselves. It is important to note exactly where the mounts will be, and then correlate these marks. So the whole structure will turn out to be smooth and neat.
A wooden lathing is fixed. There are several ways to fix the timber, but it is best to use ordinary nails when fixing on brick walls or with dowels when fixing on SIP panels, wood, foam blocks.

An important part of roofing is the filing of the eaves (eaves). The protection of walls and an attic from the penetration of moisture, dust, insects depends on the accuracy and precision of work. Simultaneously with the filing of the overhangs, such necessary procedures are carried out as the device for ventilation of the under-roof space, the organization of drains.

The filing is often carried out immediately after the installation of the rafter system, before the start of the sheathing under the roof. Before starting, it is necessary to saw off the rafter legs so that their cuts form a straight line parallel to the wall of the house.

Material selection

How to hem the roof overhang depends on the general style of the house, the required width of the material and the amount you are counting on. For wide cornices, clapboard or edged board is usually chosen, for narrow ones - siding.

1. Lining. Material that is very sensitive to moisture. To hem the roof overhang, the lining is selected with the same humidity level as that of the environment. For this, the boards are kept for some time in the room or space where they will be used. In particular, for the installation of overhangs, it is necessary to store the lining in the open air for about a month.

In addition, it (like any wood material) must be treated with an antiseptic, a water-repellent compound and a fire retardant.

Attention! When making the gable overhang of the roof from the lining, ventilation openings must be arranged with a step of one and a half meters and immediately taken away with gratings.

2. Edged boards. The preferred thickness is one and a half to two centimeters. The pre-treatment requirements are the same as for the lining: fire retardant, water repellent, antiseptic. In addition, it is advisable to regularly tint the boards: this will become an additional protection of the material, will provide the cornice with a neat look and stylistic unity with the house.

When making the eaves overhang of the roof, the bottom of the boards at the joints of adjacent boards should leave ventilation gaps with a width of a centimeter and a half.

3. Finished soffit. They are available in metal and plastic varieties. Both those and others are durable, do not rot, do not corrode and biological damage. They contain UV stabilizers to protect the surface from the sun's rays.

Usually soffits already have perforated holes for fastening and for ventilation, as well as locks for connecting parts to each other. By color and texture, you can choose a product that will best match the look of the house.

4. As an option for processing the cornice with metal or PVC - vinyl or metal siding, as well as strips of corrugated board. Unlike ready-made spotlights, this method of filing is not very popular, but it can be used when installing narrow overhangs.

Types of spotlights

Roof overhangs can be lined with various materials:

1. Copper. High strength, fire resistance. They look beautiful and stylish. Are expensive.

2. Aluminum. Durable, fire resistant, light weight. Easy to install and repair. Resistant paints. Affordable price. Of the shortcomings - restrictions on color, only white and brown are found.

3. Galvanized steel. Anti-corrosion properties, mechanical strength, fire resistance, durability. The disadvantage is a lot of weight.

4. Vinyl three-lane, three types: without holes for ventilation (for front overhangs), perforated in whole or only along the central strip. Pros - strength, resistance to water, decay, corrosion. Ease of installation. The cheapest material. The disadvantage is thermal expansion.

How to sew up the eaves overhang

Attention: if internal roof insulation is supposed, it should be carried out before the installation of the cornice.

Roof lining is possible in two ways:

1. On the rafters. The board is placed from below on the rafter legs, its angle of inclination is the same as theirs. This method is used for roofs with a slight pitch or flat.

Before hemming the eaves of the roof, the rafters are cut from below so that the surface is even. If necessary, you can additionally strengthen pieces of boards 10 centimeters wide and 4 centimeters thick.

2. Sheathing of the roof of the house with installation of the frame (horizontal box). It is used on roofs with a steep slope.

For the frame, thin boards are used, they are fixed between the rafters and the wall of the house. In the ridge part, where the slopes are connected, the board is placed flat on the wall, end-to-end. Fasteners are usually carried out with screws; for reinforcement, it is possible to use metal corners.

Sheeting boards or soffits are attached to the frame.

Unlike wooden materials, roof eaves filing is possible only in one position - perpendicular to the wall. The need for a frame is compensated by the simplicity of joining the elements themselves: they are equipped with special locks for attaching to each other and ready-made ventilation holes.

Important: side overhangs of the roof should be performed with perforated elements. The front ones, open to precipitation, make them deaf.

If the filing of the eaves of the roof is made of vinyl: the screws are not screwed in tightly, there is a gap between their caps and the material for thermal expansion.

Roof eaves filing: how and how to sheathe

Do-it-yourself filing of the eaves of the roof allows you to protect the roofing cake from external influences and give the roof an attractive appearance. Currently, there are many options for cladding. We will focus on the most popular ones in this article.

Binder features

It is recommended to perform work on sheathing of the roof overhang after the installation of the truss structure, but before the start of the arrangement of the lathing for laying the roof covering. Before filing the eaves, the roof waterproofing should be installed and it is advisable to insulate the roof from the attic side. In addition, it should be borne in mind that it is preferable to sew up the overhang of the roof before the beginning of the external insulation of the walls of the house, so as not to damage the wall covering during work with the cornice.

At the first stage of work, the protruding parts of the rafters should be sawed off along one line, which should be parallel to the adjoining wall of the building.

The overhangs of the pitched roof are sewn up in such a way that gutters can be installed, and the roofing cake can be ventilated. For these purposes, various materials and installation technologies can be used.

Choice of materials

Traditionally, the sheathing of the eaves of the roof is carried out using edged and planed boards. To make the roof look aesthetically pleasing, you should use boards of the same thickness and width. In addition to the board, various materials are widely used today, which should:

provide reliable protection of the eaves of the roof from moisture, frost, precipitation;
provide the necessary ventilation of the roof;
be resistant to external influences and durability;
have aesthetic appeal.

Popular materials for arranging the eaves include:

lining (wooden and PVC);
soffit (vinyl and aluminum);
corrugated board.

Edged and planed boards with a thickness of 1.5-2 cm are a practical material for mounting a filing, which makes it possible to ensure high-quality and uniform ventilation of the roof. To do this, the elements should be stuffed with a gap of 1-1.5 cm.

Wooden lining... This material should be chosen with special care: the filing of the eaves of the roof is operated in the open air, respectively, the lining should be made of high-quality wood of medium humidity and have a sufficiently large thickness - this will avoid warping.

PVC lining... It is an inexpensive and easy-to-install material. Moisture-resistant lining is designed for a long service life. To install this material, you should immediately purchase U-shaped plastic strips for sheathing the edges and special corners for fastening joints.

Soffit... This is a special aluminum or plastic panel with which the roof cornice is hemmed. Outwardly, the soffit resembles siding, but it is made of thicker plastic and is equipped with perforations, which allows you to create the necessary air ventilation under the roof. The advantages of aluminum and plastic soffit include high resistance to weathering and durability. UV stabilizers are added to the plastic for the manufacture of spotlights.

Soffit panels are cut along the length of the eaves and installed perpendicular to the wall.

Corrugated board... Profiled sheet made of galvanized steel with a colored polymer coating is usually used for filing roofs made of the same material. The profiled sheet has a sufficiently high rigidity, is resistant to external influences and to extreme temperatures. Corrugated panels are cut in accordance with the size of the eaves. The ventilation gap of such a filing is equal to the wave height of the profiled sheet.

Eaves sheathing frame

Roof eaves filing is performed after installing the roof frame and adjusting the protruding edges of the rafters to size. After sawing off the rafter legs, the first sheathing board is mounted along the line, which later serves as a guide for work in the next stages. Next, you should perform overhangs cladding, choosing the appropriate type of structure:

Do-it-yourself filing of the eaves of the roof includes the creation of a roof overhang box. In both versions of the sheathing device, it is performed in the same way: a board is stuffed onto the crate along the pediment, it is required to measure the distance from it, which should correspond to the width of the overhang. Then the board is nailed parallel to the wall of the pediment.

Binder installation

The soffit of the eaves of the roof requires the use of a J-strip, which is fixed with self-tapping screws along the eaves and along the wall. Soffit sheets are mounted between the slats. The length of each panel should be equal to the distance between the mounted strips minus 6 mm for thermal expansion of the material. If the overhang of the roof is more than 900 mm, subtract 12 mm. The frontal board is closed with a special frontal strip. The use of soffit and special elements allows for a durable, functional and attractive roof overhang.

Before sheathe the eaves of the roof with an edged board or wooden clapboard, the material, cut to size, should be impregnated with antiseptic, fire-resistant and water-repellent compounds. This will extend the life of the binder.

The width of the edged board is adjusted depending on the size of the overhang. The elements should be installed in 10 mm increments, creating ventilation gaps. If the eaves overhang is sewn up with clapboard, the planks are laid with a thorn-groove connection, while special ventilation grilles should be installed every 1.5 meters.

To sew the overhangs of the roof with corrugated board, it is necessary to screw the pre-cut sheets to the frame parallel to the wall and along the eaves. Self-tapping screws are used as fasteners. The joint between the wall and the sheet material is closed with an inner corner and a frontal strip. The inner corner should be attached to the profiled sheet, the frontal strip - to the frontal board. The outer corner is fastened along the outer joints of the profiled sheet.

On the pediment, the corrugated board is mounted along the wall, along the outer edge of the roof overhang. Then the corners and the end plate are installed. To provide air access for ventilation of the roof, the width of the corrugated sheet should be 2 cm less than the width of the overhang. It is important to take into account that a sheet set made of metal is prone to corrosion in places where moisture accumulates and its service life is inferior to other options for finishing the eaves.

How and what to sheathe the eaves of the roof

The arrangement of a pitched roof is always accompanied by such a process as finishing the eaves of the roof. These works may not seem so significant, but the further operation of the roof depends on how correctly they are performed.

Usually, corrugated board, lining or panels specially designed for this are used as materials for sheathing cornices.

What are roof overhangs and what are they for

A roof overhang is the surface at the bottom of the roof, which is distinguished by a protrusion beyond the walls themselves. It is needed in order to protect the walls and foundation of the house from moisture getting on them during heavy rainfall. As a rule, the width of this part fluctuates within one meter. Construction rules allow not to do the filing of this part of the roof.

But nevertheless, it is best if the overhangs are processed, since strong winds blowing through the holes in them can easily rip the roof off the building. In addition to the practical function, the overhang sheathing also performs decorative, since it is always better to remove the seamy side of the roof and aesthetically process its edge.

Before making the eaves under the roof, you need to complete the work on the erection of the roof, the finishing of the house and the installation of the finishing material on the eaves last.

Types of overhangs

If you look at the roof, you can see the overhangs from all sides. two of them are cornice, two are pediment.

Eaves overhang

This is the bottom surface through which air enters the roof structure and ventilation occurs. On roofs with an attic, air flows directly there, and on attic roofs into the very structure of the roof, where the air cavity is located. After the air has passed all over the roof, it exits through the ridge.

If the overhang is hammered with boards, then ventilation will not be carried out, but birds, mice and insects can get into the roof structure. Thus, the overhangs are formed. But not close, but with a small gap for air passage.

Usually, the issue of leaving a gap is solved by similar actions:

Leaving a gap between the filing and the wall of the house. For filing from corrugated board, the gap is left small, from half to one centimeter. When using the lining, you need to leave from a centimeter to one and a half.
If the overhangs are made with metal, then you need to install ready-made metal grilles that are mounted on the finish.
If the sheathing is carried out using boards, then you need to leave gaps of up to 1 cm between them.
If a decision is made to use soffits, then perforated material is used, which is created for ventilation purposes.

Frontal overhang

This is the side of the roof slope that adjoins the walls of the house. Ventilation in the case of him is not important, the main thing here is protection from environmental influences. If there is a strong wind and rain outside, then it is necessary that the gable-type overhang does not let moisture through with the wind, since there is a risk of moisture in the roof insulation, which will cease to perform its main function. That is why tightness is in the foreground when designing this part.

Plating methods

Roof overhangs can be designed in various ways, for example, in a perpendicular and parallel direction from the overhang. Various solid materials or their elements can also be used. Consider the methods of fastening the material:

Hemming on rafters

If the roof has a slope of no more than 30 degrees and a small part of the offset, about 50 cm or less, then this cladding method can be used. To begin with, a crate is formed, which is attached to the rafters, the material is already mounted on it in parallel, perpendicular or along the end of the rafters.

Horizontal binder

This design method is very good with a strong roof slope. To carry out the sheathing work, you need to build a kind of box that is attached to the rafters and the wall. For a quick drainage of water caught on the overhang, it is necessary to mount the timber on the rafters slightly lower than the one that is attached to the wall.

All beams are reinforced with boards that are nailed perpendicular to the wall.

Eaves cladding materials

When choosing a material for a roof cornice, you need to pay attention not only to its functional side, but also to the decorative one, since the cladding that is not suitable in style will look extremely unattractive.

Decorating with boards

Boards must be taken only of conifers and certain dimensions. The width should be at least 5 cm and no more than 25, and the thickness should be about 2 cm. It is also necessary to carry out processing with an antiseptic and decorative coating with varnish or paint as needed.

With the perpendicular arrangement of the boards, their attachment points are located on each side, in the case of a long overhang - additionally in the middle. If the board is mounted parallel to the wall, then the fasteners are installed every meter. It is imperative that a gap of about a centimeter is left between the boards so that natural ventilation of the roof is carried out.

Clapboard decoration

Unlike ordinary boards, lining is a completely ready-to-install and processed material. Before installation, the lining must also be left under a canopy for one month. Installation is carried out in the same way as in the first case. The only exception is that there is no need to leave gaps between the elements. Special metal grilles for ventilation are then attached to the lining.

PVC siding trim

For finishing the eaves of the roof with siding, only those panels are used that have a special moisture-resistant coating. Additionally, you will need to purchase all additional decorative elements - special finishing strips for finishing the edges, corners for masking joints, grilles for ventilation. The panels are fixed perpendicular to the wall with three to four fasteners. It is better not to fasten the panels along the overhang, as they can break due to the fact that they do not differ in high rigidity, for example, like wooden boards.

Profiled sheet finishing

This material can be laid so that a large area is hidden at once. Be sure to leave small gaps of about a centimeter between the sheets of corrugated board so that the panels do not bend when the temperature drops. Ventilation is carried out by installing ventilation grilles over the entire surface of the finish.

Sheet metal trim

For the purpose of sheathing the eaves of the house, copper, aluminum or galvanized or polymer-type steel can be used. The length of the sheets used can be up to 6 meters, and the thickness is from 0.6 to 0.8 cm. Ventilation can be carried out by installing additional grilles or by installing perforated sheets. Steel sheets must be treated with special agents on the cutting line to prevent metal corrosion.

Plywood finish

Such material for overhangs can be used, but only if it is water-repellent. Plywood has rigid sheets, so it is easy to fasten it, as a result, a reliable coating is obtained, but it must necessarily be painted, since it does not look particularly attractive without processing. Ventilation is carried out using special grilles.

Soffit finishing

Soffits are planks made of various materials that are made for processing roof eaves. Due to the large assortment of colors and materials, you can choose those soffit panels for execution, which in appearance will fit into the overall design of the exterior.

In addition, the kits contain a variety of additional parts that speed up and simplify do-it-yourself cornice trim. There is no particular difficulty in installation, you just need to cut the strips to size and fix them according to the existing grooves.

Additional finishing of the edge of the cornice

Any type of overhang has uncovered parts of the structure. For the eaves overhang, such elements are the ends of the rafters, and for the pediment, the ends of the sheathing. They, as well as the overhang made, need to be formalized, while protecting from atmospheric influences.

These elements can also be decorated with different materials, depending on what kind of material was used. Usually, along with a set for processing the overhang itself, a material for trimming the edge is also offered.

Before making the eaves overhang, all rafters must be cut vertically at the same level. Then the ends are joined using a strapping board, to which the frontal is attached. A gutter will subsequently be installed on the latter.

The gable-type overhang is processed by first cutting off the ends of the battens that extend beyond the walls so that they are parallel to the wall. An end board is nailed to these ends. It is covered with roofing material.

Conclusion

A properly finished cornice part of the roof looks much nicer than one that is not framed. But not only decorative qualities push builders to this step. Overhangs, which are sheathed, do not allow animals, wind and moisture into the roof structure, the presence of which can adversely affect the entire structure.

Reliable overhang lining protects the walls of the house from the vicissitudes of the weather. In addition, high-quality ventilation of the under-roof space can be arranged in the filing to ensure high-quality and durable functioning of the roofing cake. Beautifully designed overhangs are a decoration of the house.

How to hem the roof overhangs with your own hands

Roof overhang is the continuation of the rafter system for a certain distance outside the walls of the building. In some cases, fillets are used to lengthen this element - boards that are a continuation of the rafter legs.

The overhang has a purely practical purpose - to protect the walls from external factors - rain, hail and snow.

But, in addition to the functional purpose, the overhang can also perform purely aesthetic tasks, being a decoration of the structure.

The overhang is sutured from below with various materials, forming a structure that encircles the house from all sides. For this, various materials are used:

Galvanized metal sheet.
Painted metal sheet or with a plastic protective coating.
Board - grooved lining.
Vinyl siding.
Soffits are special products for forming the overhang and ensuring the operation of the natural ventilation system.

There are two types of overhangs:

Photo gallery: filing of roof overhangs

Roof overhangs upholstered with clapboard complement well the appearance of a house made of timber or rounded logs. Edged boarding is used as a simple and inexpensive way to finish the overhangs. the house has a finished look, but also serve for ventilation of the under-roof space

Overhang edge trim

The fundamental document for the design of safe buildings and structures is the Federal Law of 30.11.2009 "Technical regulations on the safety of buildings and structures." On its basis, various documents have been developed for the creation of overhangs, including SNiP II-26–76 "Roofs". The requirements of the document stipulate the rules for installing overhangs of various designs and the materials used for this.

This set of rules and requirements is constantly being developed and changed in connection with the appearance on the market of various roofing materials.

Optimal overhang size

As already mentioned, the purpose of the overhangs is to protect the walls. Therefore, the wider it is, the better it performs its function. But there are also limiting parameters - a wide overhang is subjected to increased wind loads, which can loosen it over time, leading to the formation of leaks in the roof.

Therefore, the width of this element is rarely more than one meter. For buildings with one or two floors, the standards provide for an overhang of 60 centimeters, and for a normal drainage system, it should be at least 40 centimeters.

Roof overhangs can be made in the same style with other architectural elements of the building, for example, with a canopy over the entrance

The main methods of filing overhangs

These building construction details are arranged in various ways:

Hemming on rafters. In this case, the material is nailed directly to the rafters from the bottom side to the distance of the covered part, the frontal board is nailed to the end of the rafter leg. They are often decorated with openwork slotted carvings and painted in a color that is contrasting with the walls. In this case, it is necessary to observe the color scheme with the finishing coating of the roof.
The material for the filing on the rafters must be in harmony with the roofing
When hemming horizontally, a strap is first installed, which is attached directly to the rafter leg. Then the material is hemmed and the frontal board is installed.
Horizontal filing often looks like a decorative box
Installation of spotlights. These products are specially designed for overhangs. They come in metal, plastic or wood. An indispensable attribute of the soffit is a ventilation grill designed to let air into the under-roof space for ventilation. It rises along the left gap and carries moisture from the condensate to the area of the ridge, where the "cold triangle" is arranged. In addition, the grill on the soffit does not allow birds and large insects to enter under the roof, in particular, wasps, for which the attic is a favorite nesting place.
The soffits always have grilles for ventilation of the under-roof space

A house with unfinished hangers does not look aesthetically pleasing; it sometimes looks like an unfinished one.

How to hem the overhang from below

Various materials are used to form overhangs:

Softwood board - spruce, pine, larch. Such materials are less prone to warping. The board is used planed from four sides with a thickness of 20-23 millimeters. This material is characterized by drying out, while the width of the product can decrease by 2–8%, which leads to the formation of gaps between them. It is not recommended to use material wider than 12 centimeters; it is often subject to warpage. To avoid the formation of gaps, the planed board can be overlapped with an overlap of about 10 millimeters.
Lining. Using a grooved filing board is a more practical solution. In this case, there is no need to use cover strips. The board is stuffed both in length and in width, using additional crate. In the second case, you can use the trim remaining after finishing other surfaces.
When using lining, you do not need to fill the strips
Polyvinyl chloride siding. It is customary to use this material for canopies on gables, but it is also used for filing overhangs. The material is valuable because it does not need constant care. The siding plates are installed at right angles to the walls. Fastening is made to the wooden battens of the battens with self-tapping screws through the holes provided for this. Each successive strip is fixed to the previous part with a lock fastener. The PVC siding kit includes additional elements with which you can hide the end cuts.
Siding overhangs last a long time and do not need regular maintenance
Professional sheet. For filing overhangs, a profiled sheet is often used. For this purpose, small-combed varieties with a wave height of the order of 8-10 millimeters are used. They can be positioned along the length of the wall or in fine cuts perpendicularly. Such a profile is produced by bending on roll forming mills. A more successful design solution is considered to be the use of an aluminum profiled sheet obtained by rolling. Such a profile can have an anodized coating in a variety of colors, in the range of which you can choose the desired shade. Such rental is durable and does not require constant maintenance.
For sewing overhangs, you can choose a professional sheet of any desired shade
Smooth steel sheet. It is used with a protective coating of zinc or aluminum-silicon. The advantage of using is the ability to give the sheet the desired shape flexible. Sheets with a protective coating in the form of paint or plastic are also used.
Using OSB or plywood. It is a sheet material that works well for overhangs. OSB is a product made from specially oriented wood chips. It is produced by pressing using polymer binders. The process takes place at high temperature and high pressure. The result is an absolutely non-hygroscopic material of high strength. At the same time, the surface of the slabs has an original pattern that allows it to be used for design purposes. Plywood made on polymer binders is also used for finishing the overhangs. However, the outer veneers are exposed to the atmosphere and need additional protection after being installed in overhangs.
OSB has an original texture that can be used to implement interesting design solutions
Soffit is a specialized profiled steel sheet for filing overhangs. Soffits with a length of 0.5–8.0 meters can be made to order. Their standard length is 2.4 or 3.0 meters. Please note that the multiplicity is 0.5 or 0.6 meters. In appearance, the soffit imitates laying from a bar. Double and triple pieces are available. One or two ledges of the soffit are endowed with a perforated grille, which provides ventilation in the under-roof space. Thanks to the locking connections, the soffits are quickly and easily assembled. Fastening to the crate is made with self-tapping screws. Color solutions are used within the RAL or RR range, which allows you to choose any tones that are in harmony with the color of the roof and walls.
Soffits are usually matched to the main color of the roofing system.

Soffits for filing overhangs are made from various materials. The mentioned metal perforated products are used only for curtain rods. They are not used for pediments.

Metal spotlights can be produced, in addition to steel, from copper and rolled aluminum.

Plastic soffits are also popular. They are noticeably cheaper and very easy to assemble. The material for their manufacture is polyvinyl chloride or silicone. The main dimensions are 3 meters long, divided into three parts in width, which is 305 millimeters.

Do-it-yourself cornice filing

This element of the building structure can be performed in several ways:

This method is most often used on roofs with a slight slope. The work is carried out in the following order:

This sequence is used when installing boards parallel to the wall. If the filing is done perpendicularly, in short trims, you must first fix the support strips. They are installed on the rafters at the junction with the walls and at the ends of the legs. The filing strips are fastened with self-tapping screws.

At the end of the alignment, you can continue the roofing work, and finish the filing after installing the topcoat.

Before making a filing along the rafters, their ends must be aligned.

Video: how to trim the rafters correctly

Overhang filing on the box

This method of closing the under-roof space is used with steep roof slopes. For this, the following operations are performed:

Video: metal filing of overhangs on the box

Installation of spotlights

With this method of filing overhangs and cornices, additional elements supplied with the soffits are used. A mount is formed from them, into which the filing parts are inserted alternately. Different manufacturers have different soffits mounting system. Before starting work, you need to carefully read the instructions.

An obligatory element of filing eaves overhangs are ventilation holes in them. They are needed to ventilate the roof space. If it is not there, condensation from the topcoat will damage the roofing cake until it is completely destroyed.

Diagram of the device of supporting elements for filing with soffits

For overhangs of any design, there is a uniform ratio of the ventilation surface. It should not be less than 1: 50,000, that is, the total area of the ventilation holes in the lining should correspond to the reduced ratio to the roof area.

It should be noted that we cannot talk about any kind of insulation of overhangs, since a ventilation space is formed along them, and insulation requires tightness.

Video: installation of spotlights

Sewing the overhangs of the roof is one of the final operations in the construction of a house. You cannot be frivolous about this procedure, because not only the appearance of the structure, but also its correct functioning largely depends on it. Unreasonable savings on this element can subsequently result in significantly larger unforeseen costs. I wish you success!

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After finishing the erection of the roofing structure, it is necessary to carry out the filing of its overhangs. Sewing the roof overhang is the final stage, as a result of which, the appearance of the house is given completeness.

The design of the gable roof lining involves the construction of elements for ventilation of the under-roof space. Do not forget about fastening the drainage system. Various materials are used for filing overhangs. For example, filing the roof overhangs with a profiled sheet.

Roof overhangs filing: features

So, for filing the roof overhang, you can use the following types of materials:

What should be the overhang of the roof: filing and frame

Having completed the installation of the roof structure, you can start the process of sheathing the overhangs.

In this case, you need to remember about two design options:

Filing of the eaves overhang with a soffit, details on the video:

Dimensions of roof overhangs made of corrugated board and their installation

The algorithm of actions when working with this material is as follows:

With the help of self-tapping screws, the corrugated board is screwed to the frame along the wall and cornice.
The junction of the material and the wall is determined - the frontal strip and the inner corner are mounted. The latter is screwed to the corrugated board, and the frontal strip is screwed to a similar board.
An outer corner is attached to the external joints of the corrugated board.
The corrugated board is fastened along the pediment - along the extreme edge of the overhang and next to the wall where the

Roofing and wall cladding work usually ends with overhangs. This procedure gives the structure a complete and neat appearance. A house with an unfinished overhang gives the impression that it is still under construction. In this article, we will dwell on the issue of filing the overhang using spotlights.

Do overhangs need to be hemmed?

Some homeowners are trying to save money on almost any construction work, so they often neglect unnecessary elements in the design. Especially for such readers, we will immediately say that filing the overhang with soffits is advisable not only from a decorative point of view.

The overhang is the part of the roof that protrudes from the wall for a certain distance. Thus, this element provides protection of the foundation and the wall from precipitation. At the same time, the overhang itself does not have the same strength as the rest of the roof, which rests on the wall. Without filing, a strong wind will blow directly into the roofing "pie" and all the load will be taken by the covering. Together with the wind, water can also get in, which will definitely not favorably affect the service life of the insulation. Installing spotlights will create an airtight barrier in the path of water and wind.

Unfinished overhang is a weak spot of the roof.

Another reason to hem the overhang is small animals that simply love to settle in cozy corners and crevices of the house. Such animals include not only birds, but also much less pleasant "neighbors", for example, mice.

What else is the overhang hemmed in?

The article is devoted specifically to cladding with vinyl soffits, but it is worth saying a few words about the materials that can also be used for this type of work.

Planks- the most budgetary option for hemming material. Planed or edged boards are used. When installing on a cornice, it is necessary to leave ventilation gaps. Negative features are deformations under the influence of changes in moisture, besides, wood is susceptible to mold and decay, therefore, it must first be treated with antiseptic agents.

Overhang filing with boards.

Lining- profiled sheathing board, there is no need to make gaps at such a board: special grilles are installed for ventilation.

Some types of coatings require ventilation.
gratings for air circulation inside the roofing "pie"

The woody material for acclimatization should lie outside under a canopy for a month to keep shrinkage and expansion to a minimum.

Corrugated board- profiled metal sheets can also be used for filing the overhang. They are distinguished by ease of installation, since they immediately cover a large area. At the same time, the material has a sufficiently large weight, which loads the structure, and requires additional ventilation.

Decking is a convenient material for installation, but heavy.

Wood boards- in most cases, moisture-resistant plywood and OSB are used for filing. The material is practical and can be attached in large pieces at once. At the same time, the disadvantage is not very attractive appearance, therefore, to give the overhang a neat appearance, it will need painting.
PVC panels (vinyl)- the material is not afraid of frost, ultraviolet radiation and moisture. It retains an attractive appearance for a long time. These panels are commonly referred to as vinyl panels. They are co-extruded and have a two-layer structure. Soffits for overhang or siding panels are made of PVC, which are also used for these tasks.

Types of overhangs

In the construction of the roof, two types of overhangs are distinguished: frontal and eaves.

Frontal- part of the gable roof, which is located on the front side of the house. The front overhang has a slope corresponding to the slope of the entire roof. This place takes on serious wind loads, air currents can drive water into the roof. To prevent this from happening in these places, the roof is hemmed with sealed elements.

Eaves overhang located on the side of the roof, has a horizontal arrangement. This overhang is important for ventilation of the roofing pie. Air from the bottom of the overhang must pass through the ventilation gap and exit through the outlet of the KTV (ridge-point valve) or ridge. Air circulation ensures the removal of condensate, respectively, the insulation does not get wet and does not lose its thermal insulation properties. For this reason, the filing of the eaves requires the installation of soffits with ventilation holes.

The scheme of ventilation of the eaves overhang through the perforated soffit.

Soffits or siding?

Often siding is used for filing overhangs instead of soffits, let's try to figure out how these coatings differ from each other.

Soffits are a special additional element that is designed for overhang filing. The part can be made of different materials (steel, PVC, aluminum), the choice usually depends on the siding material with which the walls of the house are sheathed. Usually, the useful area of the soffit is larger than that of an ordinary siding. Soffits are perforated and solid. The first ones are used for filing eaves, where ventilation is required, solid ones - for frontal ones.

The perforated soffit has holes for
penetration of air into the roofing "pie".

You can read about other additional elements for siding in the article "Additional elements for siding installation".

Siding- panels used for cladding the walls of buildings. They are not designed specifically for filing overhangs, but due to their lower price, they are often used for this purpose. True, such savings are not always advisable, since when filing eaves overhangs, you have to additionally purchase ventilation grilles and cut holes in the siding for them. Leaving openings without grates is not recommended, as debris will get into them, as well as birds and insects. There is no ventilation on the front overhangs, so in these places the use of siding panels is more justifiable, but adjustment is still required.

Ordinary siding panel has no holes, so for installation
it to the eaves overhang, additional holes will be required.

Calculation of spotlights

The length of the soffits usually exceeds the width of the overhang (the elements are attached from the wall to the edge of the overhang so that the mounting holes fall on the roof lathing), so the planks will need to be cut to a specific size. To correctly calculate the total demand, it is necessary to measure the overhang area. When cutting soffits, take into account auxiliary elements and a gap of 1-2 mm.

Moldings, J-chamfers or two J-profiles can be used as auxiliary fasteners. These elements are calculated by measuring the perimeter of the roof. When filing cornices, the number of perforated strips is calculated separately, the standard ratio is 1 to 2. The total area of the ventilation openings on the soffits should be equal to 1/150 of the ventilated volume, taking into account the existing ventilation openings.

Options for fixing spotlights with various additional elements.

Installation instructions

Soffits are mounted in two ways: horizontally and along the rafters.

Installation to rafters- with this method, the soffits are in an inclined plane, the crate is fixed on the rafter legs, then the filing itself is attached to it. This installation method is used only on roofs with a slight slope.

Sheathing on rafters is made on
roofs with a slight slope, no more than 45 degrees.

Horizontal mounting- under the overhang, a box is formed from a bar and boards, which has a plane parallel to the ground. This method is preferable when the roof slope is more than 45 degrees.

Installation of spotlights on a horizontal box under the slope.

Preparation for the installation of spotlights includes trimming all protruding rafters. The rafters should protrude the same distance from the wall. Then the strapping and frontal boards are nailed from the eaves overhang. On the front side there is an end board. Let's take a look at the step-by-step instructions for fixing spotlights using two J-profiles.

Another method of cladding using a J-chamfer that overlaps the frontal board,
when using two J-profiles, the frontal board is covered with another soffit.

The J-profile is trimmed to the length of the ramp. It is more convenient to use a grinder for cutting, but an ordinary hacksaw is also suitable, only the process will take longer.

J-profiles are fixed against the wall and at the edge of the cornice with self-tapping screws.

Soffits, which are pre-cut to the required size (taking into account the profiles and a gap of 6 mm), are installed in the profiles, first an edge near the wall is inserted into the groove.
Soffits are screwed onto the crate with self-tapping screws. Vinyl tends to expand under the influence of temperatures, so the self-tapping screw must be tightened, leaving a distance of 1 mm from the cap to the soffit. Subsequent soffits are joined using locking elements.
When mounted with two J-profiles, another set of spotlights is attached to the frontal board.

Docking spotlights with locking elements.

Output

Overhangs filing is necessary to protect the roofing "pie" from moisture ingress. Soffits allow you to quickly install a covering that goes well with a siding façade. This additional element provides the necessary ventilation of the roof space.

Building yard

Soffits for filing eaves: features and installation