Homemade Biplane "Grasshopper. Homemade aircraft drawings comprehensive support is necessary

Build your homemade aircraft - Biplane is a dream from my childhood. However, I was not so long to implement it for a long time, although the path to the sky paved in the military aviation, and then - at the delta. Then built a plane. But the lack of experience and knowledge in this business and the corresponding result - the plane did not take off.

Failure is not that he chopped off the desire to build aircraft, but cooled the dust thoroughly - there was a lot of time and strength was spent. And to reanimate this desire helped, in general, the case when it became possible to purchase some parts from the An-2 written off by the An-2 aircraft, which is more popular under the name "Corrupt".

And they acquired only Aileron with trimmers and flaps. But of them, it was already possible to make wings for a light aircraft-biplan. Well, the wing is almost a populator! Why did you decide to build biplane? Yes, because the square of the airons for monoplas was not enough. But for Biplana, it was enough, and the wings from Aleron An-2 even a little rooted.

Aerons stand only on the lower wing. They are made from the twin trimmers of Eleron, the entire An-2 aircraft and are suspended on the wing on ordinary piano loops. To increase the efficiency of aircraft management along the rear edge of the aileron from above, wooden (pine) triangular rails with a height of 10 mm are glued and closed with strips of the sheel tissue.

The aircraft - Biplane wondered as training and training, and according to classification refers to superhigh apparatus (ultrasound). By design, homemade biplane is a single alkaline biplane with a three-drum chassis with a tail controlled wheel.

I could not pick up some prototype, and therefore I decided to design and build according to the classic scheme and, as motorists say, - without additional options, that is, in the simplest version with an open cabin. The upper wing of the "grasshopper" is raised over the fuselage (as parasole) and fixed a little in front of the pilot cabin on the support made of duralumin pipes (from the Aleron's Aleron) in the form of an inclined pyramid.

The wing is connector, consists of two consoles, the junction between which is covered with the lining. Set of wings - metallic (duraluminum), sheathing - linen with impregnating enamel. The finishes and root parts of the wing consoles are also covered with a thin duralumin sheet. The console of the upper wing is additionally backed by pan, walking from the nodes of the mounting inter-racks to the lower spars of the fuselage.

Air pressure receiver fastened at a distance of 650 mm from the end of the left console of the upper wing. Consoles of the lower wing are also separated, attached to the lower spars of the fuselage (on the sides of the cabin). The gaps between the root and the fuselage are covered with linen (impregnated enamel) with linsers, which are attached to consoles on the rapid ribbons - reurenger.

The angle of installation of the upper wing is 2 degrees, Lower - 0. The transverse V in the upper wing is 0, and at the bottom - 2 degrees. The angle of swees at the upper wing is 4 degrees, and at the bottom - 5 degrees.

The lower and upper consoles of each wing are interconnected by racks made, as well as a so-called, from duralumin pipes from the control of the AN-2 aircraft. The frame of the fuselage of the homemade biplane is the fermented, welded from steel thin-walled (1.2 mm) pipes with an outer diameter of 18 mm.

Its base is four spars: two upper and two lower. On sides of the pair of spars (one top and one lower) are connected by an equal number and equally located stands and pins and form two symmetric farms.

The pairs of the upper and lower spars are connected by crossings and bodies, but their number and location above and below are often not coincided. In the same place where the location of the crossbar and the racks coincides, they form a frame. Top over the front rectangular frames are welded forming arcs.

The remaining (rear) fuselant frames are triangular, equifiable. The frame is covered with a non-bump, which was then impregnated with "enamers" of homemade cooking - celluloid dissolved in acetone. This coating has proven itself among amateur aircraft designers.

The front of the fuselage of the biplane (to the cabin) on the left side of the side of the side is covered with thin plastic panels. Panels - removable - for the convenience of access to Earth to the controls in the cabin and under the engine. The bottom of the fuselage is from a duralumin sheet of 1 mm thick. The tail plumage of the aircraft - Biplana is classic. All his elements are flat.

Frames of keel, stabilizer, directional steering and height are welded from thin-walled steel pipes with a diameter of 16 mm. The linen covering to the details of the frames is sewn, and the seams are punctured by additionally strips from the same bumpy impregnated enamel of the fabric. The stabilizer consists of two halves, which are attached to the keel.

For this, over the fuselage through a kil near the front edge, the pylon M10 is passed, and at the rear edge - a tubular axis with a diameter of 14 mm. To the root rods, half of the stabilizer are welded ears with sector grooves, which are serving to install a horizontal plumage at the required angle depending on the mass of the pilot.

Each half is put on the ear on the hairpin and is fixed with the nut, and the rear edge tube is on the axis and attracts to the quille of the steel wire with a diameter of 4 mm. From the editorial To eliminate spontaneous rotation of the stabilizer in flight, it is advisable instead of the sector groove in the ears to perform several holes under the heel.

Now on an airplane - Biplana is a screw-engine installation with a Ufa Motor Motor Plant Motor Plant 440-02 (such motors are equipped with a slotter "Lynx") with a planetary gearbox and a two-bladed screw.

Motor with a volume of 431 cm3 with a capacity of 40 hp With the number of revolutions up to 6000 per minute of air cooling, two-cylinder, two-stroke, with separate lubricant, works on gasoline, starting with AI-76. Carburetor - K68P Air cooling system - Although self-made, but effective.

Made according to the same scheme as the Walter-Minor aircraft engines: with air intake in the form of a truncated cone and cylinder deflectors. Previously, on an airplane - Biplane stood an upgraded engine from the hanging boat engine "Vortex" with a capacity of only 30 hp and a clinoremal transmission (2,5 transfer ratio). But with them the plane flew confidently.

But the pulling double-bladed monoblock (made of pine crossing) homemade screw with a diameter of 1400 mm and a step of 800 mm was not changed, although I plan to replace it more appropriate. The planetary gearbox with a gear ratio of 2.22 ... a new engine got from some kind of foreign cars.

The muffler for the engine is made of a decider cylinder foam fire extinguisher. The fuel tank with a capacity of 17 liters - from the tank of the old washing machine - it is stainless steel. Installed behind the dashboard. The hood is from thin duralumin.

It has a lattice sides for the release of heated air and on the right more hatch with a lid to output the cord with the handle - they are started to start the engine. Winner installation on a homemade biplane is suspended on a simple motor in the form of two consoles with pins, the rear ends of which are fixed on the front frame racks of the frame of the fuselage frame. Electric equipment of the aircraft - 12-volt.

The main chassis racks are welded from the segments of the steel pipe with a diameter of 30 mm, and their so-in - from the pipe with a diameter of 22 mm. The shock absorber is a rubber cord wound on the front pipes of racks and a trapezing of the fuselage frame. The wheels of the main chassis racks are non-thin with a diameter of 360 mm - from mini mokik, they have strengthened hubs. The rear support has a spacing of a spring type and a controlled wheel with a diameter of 80 mm (from the aviation ladder).

The control of the apleroons and the height wheel is hard, from the handle of the aircraft control through the thrust from duraluminum tubes; The wheel of the direction and the tail wheel - the cable, from pedals. The construction of the aircraft was completed in 2004, and his pilot E. V. Yakovlev.

The plane - Biplane passed the technical commission. Performed enough long flights in a circle near the airfield. Fuel reserve in 17 liters is quite enough for about an hour and a half flights taking into account the air navigation stock. Very useful tips and consultations in the construction of the aircraft were given by two Eugene: Sherstnev and Yakovlev, for which I am very grateful.

Homemade biplane "Kuznechik": 1-of-the-fledged screw (double-blade, monoblock. Diameter 1400.1 \u003d 800); 2-silencer; 3 Cabin Cabin; 4- hood; 5 - Upper wing console pitch (2 pcs.); 6-rack (2 pcs.); 7 - top of the top wing; 8- transparent visor; 9 - fuselage; 10-keel; 11 - turning; 12 - tail support; 13 - tail steering wheel; 14-main chassis rack (2 pcs.); 15 - main wheel (2 pcs.); 16 - right console Upper wings; 17-left tip wing console; 18 - Right Console of the Bottom Wing; 19-left console bottom wings; 20-receiver air pressure; 21-setting of the junction of the consoles of the upper wing; 22 - brace of stabilizer and keel (2 pcs.); 23 - engine hood with air intake; 24 - gas-bearing shield; 25 -stabilizer (2 pcs.); 26 - height steering wheel (2 pcs.); 27-Aeron (2 pcs.)

Steel welded frame Fuselage Biplana: 1-top spar (pipe with a diameter of 18x1, 2 pcs.); 2 - bottom spars (pipe with a diameter of 18x1, 2 pcs.); 3 - Support control handle aircraft; 4 Chopping beam (2 pcs.); 5- Power-fingered frame (pipe with a diameter of 18, 3 pcs.); 6 - forming arc of the first and third frames (pipe with a diameter of 18x1, 2 pcs.); 7 - Trucks and discharge (pipe with a diameter of 18x1, according to the drawing); 8- Drains and ears of fastening and suspension of structural elements (by need); 9 - a trapezing of the fastening of the rubber cord of the shock absorber of the main chassis rack (pipe with a diameter of 18x1); 10-triangular frames of the tail part (pipe diameter 18x1, 4 pcs.)

Corners of the installation of wings consoles (A - upper wing; B-Bottom wing): 1 - transverse V; 2-sweep wings; 3-carts

Motor of homemade biplane: I - spar (steel pipe 30x30x2,2 pcs.); 2-lengther of the spar (pipe with a diameter of 22.2 pcs.); 3 - cross (steel sheet S4); 4 - silent blocks (4 pcs.); 5-ear tower mounting (steel sheet S4,2 pcs.); 6 - Supporting the hood (steel wire with a diameter of 8); 7 Troops (pipe with a diameter 22, 2 pcs.)

Biplan chassis main support: 1 tray (360 diameter, from mini mokik); 2 - wheel hub; .3 - bottom rack (steel pipe with diameter 30); 4 - the main boom (steel pipe with a diameter 22); 5 - shock absorber (rubber harness with diameter 12); 6 stroke stroke (cable with diameter 3); 7-implication of the shock absorber (element of the fuselage farm); 8-fuselage farm; 9 Additional chassis rack (steel coarse diameter 22); 10- shock absorber (pipe diameter 22); 11 is an additional pitch (steel pipe with a diameter 22); 12 Relief Racks (steel pipe with diameter 22)

The dashboard (bottom is clearly visible the pedal control of the direction of the direction of the direction and the tail wheel of the pathway and the rubber circuit shock absorber of the main racks of the chassis): 1 - the throttle control knob of the carburetor; 2 horizontal speed indicator; 3 - variometer; 4 - screw fixing dashboard (3 pcs.); 5 is a rotation and slip indicator; 6-lamp engine failure signaling; 7 - Ignition Turning Tool; 8-sensor temperature of the cylinders blocks; 9 - Driving Podals Direction

On the right side of the hood - the air filter window of the carburetor engines and the engine starter

The engine mind is 440-02 from a snowmobile "Lynx" well fit into the contours of the fuselage and provided the aircraft good flight din

Last year last year, the head of the Aviation of the Vnukovo House of Culture (Moscow), the pilot-amateur, Andrei Chernikov, demonstrated a single sophisticated pilot shapes over the airfield on the airfield in Vladimir to his own hands.

The plane does not yet have a flight suitability certificate due to financial and organizational difficulties. However, it is built in accordance with the requirements imposed on the aircraft of this type. Today Andrei Alexandrovich presents his plane to readers of our site.

Before proceeding with the description of the aircraft design, it will have to tell a little about the history of its creation A, a ultralight aircraft (Slave or Ultralight) in the aircraft design of the Vnukovo DC was created. The guys, as in other similar circles, built various sports models, performed (and not without success) in competitions. Mastering the theory of the theory and practice of creating aircraft, the circles came to the idea of \u200b\u200bthe construction of a real aircraft - let a small but on which it would be possible to climb the sky.

The next stage was the selection of the circuit of the aircraft, its layout and design.

The first thing was guided by choosing a design - this is its value. It is clear that the simpler the design, the more cheaper. But the main criterion was still reliability, which means security. To this end, a biplant diagram and a power plant with an pushing screw are chosen. With such a layout, the rotating screw is protected in front with wings with racks and pins, on sides - braces. To all, with this location of the screw-engine installation, nothing limits the pilot overview, and the engine exhaust from the muffler remains behind. Savings was achieved by applying inexpensive and deficiencies, but many times tested materials, nodes and aggregates.

Frankly, most of the construction of the aircraft, fearing that the first pancake does not come out with a com, and to speed up the process, carried out himself, in the time-free time.

The power design of the aircraft is a flat farm assembled mainly of duralumin pipes with a diameter of 60 mm with a thickness of a wall of 2 mm. Wings, plumage, power plant, fuel tank, dashboard, chassis, chair and pilot fairing are attached to this farm. Farm pipes are interconnected by means of lamellar linings with lining figured radius beds, bolts with self-lock nuts.

In places of subposters or braces, the tail beam of the farm is enhanced, they are enabled to it - tubular bushings with brackets.

Wings and plumage. According to their scheme, as already noted, the aircraft is a single-suitable biplane (actually two racks - between the upper and lower half-winds both with the right and left side). Racks V-shaped, the front branch is made of duralumin pipes of oval section, rear - from a round tube.

1 - fairing with windshield,

2 - the upper left noluchard (right - mirror-shown),

3 - engine,

4 - air screw,

5 - KILE brace (cable Ø 1.8), 6 - brace,

7 - Cable steering wheel direction,

9 - steering direction,

11 - power set,

12 - springs of the main chassis wheels (steel plate);

13 - the main wheel chassis

14 - left lower half-winded (right mirror displays);

15 - air control handle;

16 - engine control lever,

17 - front (managed and braking) wheel,

18 - brake mechanism

19 - front wheel rack,

20 - air pressure receiver,

21 - Biplana Rack (2 pcs.),

22 - Upper Harp Half (2 pcs),

23 - front braces (cable Ø 1.8),

24 - Stabilizer and Kiel plop (D16, Pipe Ø 14x1, 2 pcs),

25 - Additional biplane rack (2 pcs),

26 - headlight and air navigation fire (2 sets),

27 - Aileron (2 pcs),

28 - Stabilizer,

29 - Height Steering

30 - Laying (Duralumin S0,5)

Wings, both upper and lower, - single-bar, they have the same double-screw profile of RІІІA relative thickness of 18%. This profile developed in TsAGI in the early 1930s is widely used so far, as it has high support characteristics. Technologically, the wings are divided into left and right removal parts.

The spars has a chamber-like cross section, the shelves are made of a pine rail with a cross section of 10 × 10 mm, and the wall is from plywood with a thickness of 1 mm.

Ribs are collected from pine wheels with a cross section of 8 × 4 mm. The assembly of each half-circular is made by rivoring ribs to the spar.

(detail-duralumin material):

1 - main beam (pipe Ø 60 × 2),

2 - front pitch (pipe Ø 35 × 1.5),

3 - pylon fastening of the upper wing (pipe Ø 60 × 2),

4-central rack (pipe Ø 60 × 2),

5-frame seats (pipe Ø 30 × 2);

6 - Tail beam plop (pipe Ø 35 × 1.5),

7- tail beam (pipe Ø 55 × 2);

8-long buck (pipe Ø 60 × 2.5, 2 pcs.);

9-short buck (pipe Ø 60 × 2.5);

10 - motor troops (pipe ø 16x 1, 2 pcs).

The connection of all wooden parts is on epoxy glue. The cover of the bow of the wing is 1-mm plywood - it together with the spar forms a closed circuit and perceives the torque. The rest of the wing is trimmed with poultry and covered with enamel. By the way, they also glued to the wooden elements of the power set.

The upper wing, in contrast to the bottom, has an aileron and a slightly larger span, the ailerons have the same single-barrier construction as the wing only the ribs are located zigzag, and the profile is symmetrical.

The upper semi-trivial with an angle of installation of 4 ° is mounted on the pylon of the central rack without a transverse V. The gap between them is closed by a duralumin overlay. Additionally, each top half washed to the main beam of the farm with a row and the cable brace.

1-front wheel (controlled, brake, Ø 280, B90, from the map),

2nd wheel rack,

3 - fairing (fiberglass),

4 - air pressure receiver,

5 - dashboard,

6 - air control handle,

7 - windshield;

8 - Frame of the seat,

9 - front pitch,

10- motor boost (duralumin tube Ø 16 × 1),

11 - Top wing fastening pylon,

12 - Motor frame,

13- Rotah 582, N \u003d 64 L C,

14 -radiator,

15 - screw screw

16 - Electron Block,

17-blower,

18 - Central Rack,

19-rechargeable battery

20- fuel tank V \u003d 20 l (aluminum canister),

21 - tail beam,

22 - springs of the main wheels,

23 - Basic wheel (Ø 280, B90, from map, 2 pcs),

24-seat,

25 -prist straps (automotive),

26 - instrumental box,

27- lever control fader,

28 - brake mechanism.

The lower semi-trivials are drained to the main beam of the farm with a transverse V \u003d 4.5 °. The angle of installation of the lower wing is also 4.5 °.

The horizontal plumage (th) consists of a stabilizer and height steering.

The vertical plumage (C) includes the keel and steering wheel (pH) of the steering wheel - one-piece with a knife deviated on the ground of the keel and the stabilizer are interconnected by the brackets and pins, and the upper ends of the pumps with inter-racks - cable braces.

1 engine control engine

2 - headlight on toggle switch,

3 - gas station generator 1,

4-Light Bulb of Generator 2,

5 - generator failure light bulb,

6-ignition switch 1st contour,

7 - variometer (lifting speed pointer and descent),

8 - ignition switch 2nd contour,

9-pointer horizontal speed,

10 - accelerometer,

11-signal engine malfunction lamp,

12 - Slide pointer,

13 - an integrated engine operation control device,

14-altituderometer

16 - socket-cigarette lighter,

17 - fuel pointer,

18 - power switch,

19 - driving pedals direction and front wheel (2 pcs.),

20 - starter gas station,

21 - gas station generator 2,

22 - Lighthouse and signal lights toggle switch,

23-handle control aircraft

24-engine start button,

25 - instrument lighting toggle switch,

26 - brake lever.

The power kit of the keel and the stabilizer is similar to what is applied in the wings, and the wheels of the direction and height are both in the aileron with a zigzag location of the rib. The profile of all elements of the tail plumage is symmetric TsAGI-683. The sock cover is made of millimeter plywood, and for a spar - linen (perkal). The coating is also enamel.

Power point

First, the aircraft was installed a two-cylinder engine RMZ-640 with a capacity of 32 liters. From a snowmobile "Buran" and a two-blade pushing monoblock air screw with a diameter of 1600 mm permanent step. And with such an installation, the plane flew quite well and was confidently managed, but once I learned that a relatively inexpensive two-stroke engine of liquid cooling ROTAs 582 was sold. It turned out that the motor is in a disassembled state: the owners wanted to repair it, but they could not collect it later. So I bought it with "sowing", and then collected, along the way, eliminating the malfunction.

Top right half-circled (left - mirror-shown):

1 - nose lining (plywood S1),

2 - spar

3 - plane tightness (perkal impregnated with enamel),

4 - Runs,

5 - the fairing of the cable wiring of the control of Aeron (4 pcs),

6 - incomplete ribs,

7 - ending,

8 - Eleon's arrow cover (plywood S1),

9 - Aileron Kronype (2 pcs),

10 - Eileron tightness (perkal, impregnated with enamel),

11 - Eleon's end rib (root - mirror-shown),

12 - oblique Rumor Aileron,

13- rear edge of the Aileron,

14 - Knitsa Alerona,

15 - rear edge of the wing,

16 - Knitsa Wing,

17 - root ribs,

18 - the attachment knot was half a cup to the bracket of the pylon (2 pcs.),

19 - Mounting bracket inter-rack,

20 - "Wall" - an additional spar,

21-side meleron,

22 - Rocking up the control of Aeron,

23 - Aleon swing axis (2 pcs.),

24 - visor,

25 - Airone control wiring (cable Ø 1.5, 2 pcs.).

According to the dimensions, the mass, the volume of the two cylinders of ROTAs is about the same as the RMZ-640, but its power exceeds almost twice (there is even a version that the second motor is not a completely successful copy of the first). In addition, rats has a two-circuit ignition system (two candles on the cylinder) and the liquid cooling of cylinders fuel deficiencies - automotive gasoline AI-95 in a mixture with engine oil in a proportion of 50: 1.

(unspeakable material of positions of positions - Duralumin):

1-central stand (pipe Ø 60 × 2),

2 - Pilon fastening plate to the main rack (sheet S4, 2 pcs.),

3 - bracket fastening of the front pan (stainless steel, sheet S2,5),

4 - Radius washers,

5 - Rocking of Aeronov,

6- brackets Rocking of Aeronov,

7 - pylon (pipe Ø 60 × 2),

8 - Brackets of fastening of the console of the upper wing (4 pcs.),

9 - fasteners of brackets to power elements (bolt M12, 2pc.),

10-fasteners plates to power elements (bolt M8, 3 pcs.).

And if when replacing the engines almost did not have to remake the attachment nodes, then the screw had to purchase a new one: a diameter of 1680 mm, also pushing, but a three-blade, adjustable on the ground of the step. A lowering gearbox with a gear ratio of 3.47 is compounded with the engine and provides the screw until 1900 revolutions per minute.

With the new screw-engine installation, the plane acquired and higher flight characteristics, it was capable of performing quite complex pilots of the pilot.

(A - profile. B-ribbed, in - root rib and ending):

1 - Norse spout (pine rack of alternating section),

2 - Rack of spar of opening (pine rail 8 × 4, 2 pcs.),

3 - Troop (pine rail 8 × 4),

4 - Knitsa (plywood S1),

5 - Upper Runs (Pine Rake 8 × 4),

6 - EXTERNAL KNIT (plywood S1),

7 - Lower meadow (Pine Rake 8 × 4),

8 - sidewall (plywood S6),

9 - upper handka (gluing of two pine regions 12 × 6),

10 - spout of root rib (pine liner by cross section),

11 - Lower meadow (gluing of two pine regions 12 × 6).

Fuel supply is small - only 20 liters. After all, the aircraft is designed for training near-produce flights, but this fuel is enough for an hour and a half. The fuel is poured into the aluminum canister, fixed on the driver's seat.

The aircraft chassis is a trilateral with an front controlled wheel. The depreciation is carried out by a rubber cord with a diameter of 8 mm, headloped loop for crossing the pendulum. The ends of the cord are connected and fixed on the top transverse rack.

1 - Watch (plywood S1),

2-Known rib (plywood S6),

3 - Bracket Racks (stainless steel S2),

4 - Bracket Barley (Plywood, S10),

5 - Barbage attachment node half-cup (plywood S12, 2 pcs),

6 - pad (duralumin 2, 4 pcs.),

7 - sleeve (tube Ø 8 × 0.5, 2 pcs.).

The front wheel control is carried out by pedals through flexible (cable) wiring. On the same wheel, the brake mechanism is mounted, which is driven by a lever installed on the air control handle. Rear main support wheels are mounted on a transverse springs made of steel strip.

All wheels are the same, the outer diameter of the tires is 280 mm and a width of 90 mm. They used from the map of the rear wheels of the rear wheels -1150 mm, and the base (the distance between the front and rear wheel axes) is 1520 mm.

1 - a stabilizer sprout (plywood S1),

2 - stabilizer tightness (perkal),

3-worship sprout of the height of the height,

4-tight height of the height (perkal),

5 - front part of the stabilizer rib (plywood S1),

6-side stabilizer,

7 - stabilizer ribs,

8 - wall of the stabilizer,

9 - stabilizer hinge bracket (2 pcs),

10 - axis hinge suspension steering wheel (SHT),

11-bracket of height wheel suspension (2 pcs),

12 - Front of the rib of the height steering

13 - Run of the height steering

14 - Fast edge of the height steering wheel.

For the protection of the tail beam, the heel is provided to protect the tail of its Earth.

From the very beginning, the plane was conceived without a cab - only in this case it is possible to fully feel the flight and feel the car, but later, it was still equipped with a homemade nasal fiberglass fairing with a bottom and a transparent visor of a 5-mm plexiglass leaf.

2 - direction of direction,

3 - Rocking (D16, SZ List),

4 - Kil attachment bracket to the cryptomer (4 pcs.),

5 - Hanger Handle Handle (2 pcs),

6 - Hinge Hinge Hinge Rule Directions (Duralumin, Sz, 2 pcs),

7 - eyelet of the helnire of the direction of the direction (stainless seal. Sheet S1, 2 pcs),

8 - sleeve (stainless steel, pipe Ø 6 × 0.5, 2 pcs),

9- bracket mounting braces (2 pcs).

Seat - also homemade. Its foundation are the categorous belts, sewn to the inclined frame that serves as an additional pitch of the central rack. The pillow and the back, covered with a dense cloth - an aircraft, are laid on the basis. Confastening belts - automotive seat belts.

(parts of positions I, 2, 7, 11, 15, 17 are made of steel pipe 20x20x1.5):

1 - rack fork,

2 - Top crossing forks,

3 rubber harness drive (pipe Ø 10 × 1, 2 pcs),

4 - Rubber harness roller (circle 8. 2 pcs),

5 - Sleeve of the axis of the support rack (pipe Ø 12 × 2, 2 pcs),

6 - shock absorber (rubber cord Ø 8, 4 pcs),

7 - Lower crossing forks,

8 - crossing a biscuit lever (pipe Ø 20 × 2),

9 - bandage (trap threads),

10 - Usho axis (steel sheet S2, 4 pcs),

11 - Strengthening rack (2 pcs),

12 - Bolt-ear mounting control (2 pcs),

13 - emphasis (Rubber 2pcs),

14 - fastening of the stop (bolt M4, 2pcs),

15 - the top knee of the bilenut lever (2 pcs),

16 - Kosyanka (Steel sheet S2, 4 pcs),

17 - Bottom Booth Lever (2 pcs),

18 - Wheel axis sleeve (2 pcs),

19 - axis biscuit lever (roller Ø 8 with washer and pin, 2 sets),

20 - axle sleeve bubble lever (2 pcs),

21 - axis rack.

The aircraft management system is a cable with intermediate traction from the control knob (Rus) located on a farm in front of the pilot control of the engine - lever installed on the left of the pilot. Deviation of the direction of the direction and turn the front wheel on the handlebar - pedals. The aircraft is equipped with the necessary devices that provide flights in simple meteorological conditions (PMA) controlling the operation of the engine are all located on the dashboard in front of the pilot. On the upper wing there are headlights, and on the plumage there are also navigation lights with regard to flight characteristics of the aircraft, then some of them are shown in the table, while others, such as railing, the maximum height of the flight has not been measured.

1 - Rack,

2 - the main beam,

3 - Bug (D16T, pipe Ø80 × 10),

4 - rack axis (bolt M10 with a crown nut and washer),

5- upper support sleeve (bronze),

6 - lower support sleeve (bronze),

7 - cable Ø 1.8,

9 - pedal,

10 - lever,

11- rocking

12 - the axis of the lever and rocking

13 -Read lever,

14-axis of the tip of the lever and traction,

16 - Tander,

17 - Stand Earring,

18 - bolt-ushko

19-axis thrust

20- bracket attachment of thrust and rocking

21 - Rocking axes,

22-round rocking

23 - roller with a pin (4 sets),

24 - chopping cable.

A considerable advantage of the design is that it is collapsible. For transportation (or storage), the plane disassembled into several parts: semi-trials are disconnected from aeromoral, the tail beam, and from it - plumage. The tail plumage is transported on the roof trunk of the car, and the rest of the parts - in a two-wheeled trailer for the passenger car fixed on a special platform. The design is stored along with a trailer in a regular car garage, and is collected in field conditions in less than an hour in one person.

Scheme of the aircraft management (direction of the direction, the wheel height, in dealerons).

From the editorial The editors warns that flights on homemade LA are allowed only if there is an appropriate certificate and pilot certificate.

Flight on your own aircraft - the pleasure is not cheap. Buy a factory light engineer for his money can afford the units of those who want. As for used factory aircraft, they require a number of additional investments from their new owners: despite the previous technical revisions, the new owner inevitably faces other people's problems. Fortunately, there is a solution to this problem. Airplanes of home buildings, having the UEAU certificate in the experimental category, began to enjoy high popularity on the plates of aviation lovers.

If you do not consider additional time for building, amateur buildings RV, SONEXES, VELOCITY and many others received well-deserved high marks for low cost with excellent rated qualities that are not inferior to factory bids. But, as often happens, there is a reverse side of homemade: For each finished amateur project there are several abandoned. So in order for the project to be successful, it is necessary to make the right steps, have certain knowledge and be able to apply them.

Step 1. Selection of the model of the aircraft

Perhaps the goal of the project is the main factor affecting the success of the entire event before the construction will be given a start.

The beginning of the project of the aircraft can be put in one row of importance with the proposal of the hand and heart, the conclusion of an important transaction and even the choice of a pet. As in all previous cases, it is necessary to consider all the subtleties here before making the final decision.

Most of the finishes missed from the finish. The elegance of the Falco aircraft, the air acrobatics on Pitts 12 and a naughty flight on Glanket: Everything can heat the interest of the future builder to make a decision based only from the appearance. The simplicity of this solution can be deceptive. The essence of the right decision is not in external attributes, but in the goal of construction.

For the right solution requires fully honest and sincere self-analysis. Of course, many dream of flying like Victor Chmal or Svetlana Kapanina, but so or that? Each person has its own individuality and handwriting of piloting, and it is impossible to live someone else's experience. You can build a plane for air tour and long cross country flights, but then find that you are closer to the country picnic on a green lawn with friends for 60 kilometers from the aerokluba. It is important to allow all your doubts and sincerely consider the dream of a "home plane". After all, the main thing is to improve your life and more do what you really like.

After you decide with your dream, you will not choose a plane. After selecting the model of the aircraft, the time will come for examination. A quick look at the 15 year-old issue of the magazine modelist - the constructor will have a slightly sobering effect - it is possible because most of the aircraft models proposed there are already out of fashion. The world of domestic cockpit builders has its own niche in the market, but even with a strong motivation to do business in such an area, it will be a difficult occupation from the economic side, because the market is very individualized, and the trends are replacing each other as fashion for swimsuits. Before starting to build, preparatory work should be carried out: analyze the design of the aircraft in detail, call people who have already been engaged in this project and view the list of accidents. Start work on an outdated project, in which parts and components are difficult to get in principle, expensive and costly event.

Step 2. Time Planning

It is hardly a few people who cope with the project requiring the same attention, effort and time as the construction of an aircraft from scratch. This occupation is not for amateurants. It requires constant and measured efforts for a long time.

In order for delays on this path to be less, and progress over the project did not stand in one place, you can smash all the work on a lot of small tasks. Work on each task will not seem so difficult, and success will come gradually as each task is performed. On average, the builder will be required from 15 to 20 hours a week in order to complete the project of a simple aircraft for an acceptable time.

For enthusiastic builders, most aviation projects take time from two to four years. In the medium, the construction of the aircraft may take five and even ten years. That is why experienced aviation builders will never appoint an accurate date of the first flight, despite the permanent questions of friends. As an excuse, you can say "it's not worth" or "as soon as, so immediately."

Idealists here not place

Not all builders are aware of the importance of proper time planning. The aircraft industry is not a social event, and in reality during operation there may be damn lonely. Sociable Nature can find this lesson more difficult than you can imagine. Therefore, everyone who dedicated themselves to this case should be a pleasure in working alone.

The next aircraft that will be built without inconsistencies in the holes will be the first for all times. Robert Piercing in his cult novel "Zen and the art of care of a motorcycle" talks about errors when drilling holes. These errors can beat off the builder's desire to work on a project for a long time. Such errors often accompany aviation projects and if the builder does not have personal qualities that pushed him to cope with such difficulties, the project can be closed.

Perfectionists who seek to perfection in everything, other lesson should search. If all the aircraft were perfectly complying with the laws of aerodynamics, someone would hardly take off. Perfectionism is often mistaken for the craft, but it is extremely different things. It does not matter how good it is: you can always improve something, make brighter and better. The task is not to make the best aircraft - the task is to make a practical aircraft so that the builder does not have a shame for him, and he was not afraid to fly on it.

Step 3. Workshop Equipment

The next important point is the construction site. Not everyone can afford to have such a workshop as Cessna's Angara. The size, in fact, does not play in this case of decisive.

Light aircraft are built in basements, trailers, sea containers, rustic barn, as well as in global huts. In most cases, the garage for two cars is enough. Single garage may also be enough if you have a special room for storing knots in the form of wings.

Most people believe that the best place to build an airplane is located in the Angara City Airport. In fact, the hangars are less suitable for aviation projects. Most often in the hangars are much warmer in the summer and colder in winter than on the street. They are widely illuminated everywhere and rarely when they are near your home.

Not depending on where the assembly of the aircraft occurs, you should think about the amenities. Investing in comfort, in some similarity of climate control, good lighting and working table of convenient height, rubber mats on the concrete floor - with an estimate of themselves.

This is how you describe our experience in the RV-6 in the living room Martin and Claudia Sutter: "In Texas, where there are always too strong temperature drops, the air conditioning system in the hangar would be more expensive than the construction of the aircraft itself. We thought to work in the garage, but as it turned out, our cars could not long endure the exposure to the open sun. Therefore, breakfast in the bar, housing in the bedroom, and the construction in the living room - this was organized by our work. From amenities - household air conditioning, heating and large sliding doors that allowed to roll out the plane out. The most important thing was that everything was always at hand. "

Step 4. Where to take money on the plane?

In second place after time there is a question of money. How much will the cost of the construction of the aircraft cost? There is no answer suitable for everyone: on average, similar projects are from $ 50,000 to $ 65,000, and the real cost can be both lower and significantly higher. The construction of an airplane is like a gradual loan payment, it is important to correctly assess the entire amount of resources required, both financial and temporary investments.

The distribution of costs for the project begins with defining the tasks that the aircraft will solve. Modern aircraft manufacturers are ready to establish all that can be wished to their products. Home turning plans, in turn, know exactly what they want. If the aircraft will not fly on the instruments, then there is no need to put on it for the instrument flight on the instrument. No need to fly at night - why put the runway for $ 1000. The screw of the constant steps is three times less than the constant speed screw, and in most cases does not greatly lose the constant speed in the flight efficiency.

The right question is where to take money from? Rich T-Turatka Praskovaya will not leave the testament to finance construction, so they will have to get along with a trip to the south, or increase its income.

The owner of the site Van's Air Force Dag Rivz offers the first approach. His book "Ten steps to receive an aircraft" includes postponement in a long box of buying a new car, rejection of cable television, transition to a slight healthy food from vegetables and fruits, rejection of unlimited telephone tariffs in favor of economical plans. In general, Dag calculated that the adoption and following these steps allowed him to save about $ 570 every month. He secretly postponed this amount in the piggy bank every month and now flies on RV-6.

Bob Collins, the RV builder, chose another road (not everyone who builds the plane - builds RV). His work as an editor for public radio provided him and his family, but it was not enough to buy an aircraft. In general, he became the "most oldest post-free newspapers." Seven days a week, from two to six to six afternoon, he spread the local press. This occupation in combination with his usual work, family life and plane planes did not leave him a lot of time for sleep, but in the end he became the proud owner of the RV-7A.

Step 5. Where to get a mind?

"I never slept anything, did not cook, did not paint, and in general I'm not golden hand master," the inexperienced builder may argue. Is I able to build something so complicated at all as a plane?

In fact, it is not so difficult. Home Building Airplanes are ordinary mechanical devices. Mechanical control units, simple and affordable electrician, almost no hydraulics - everything can be studied and assembled. The standard aircraft engine, for example, consists of four hoses, three cables and two wires. Well, if the knowledge is not enough, you can always learn the missing gaps behind textbooks and manuals.

The technique of aircraft construction is simple and obvious. A riveting can be mastered in one day, the welding will require more time, but a fun and almost for nothing. In everyday life, a lot of things are made of wood, technique and wood processing tools are communicated to perfection, and everything can be mastered over the Internet and YouTube.

If, when learning a new information, you are best suited to the structured file feed, you can take skill lessons in aircraft construction. Such events are carried out by whale manufacturers and some private builders.

Comprehensive support is needed

If the dream does not leave you to fly on your plane, and enthusiasm overwhelms you to the very top, then the support from the pilot-like-minded pilots will help to speed up the work on the project.

First of all, it is worth enlisting family support. Working hours in the workshop can be long and tedious, including for the other members of your family. Sophisticated and family support in such cases is simply necessary. Any airframes that get across relationships are doomed: "He spends all his time on this rolled plane. She will saw me all the time about my project, "is it worth starting a project with such a thing. Mitch Locke adheres to simple tactics:" Before starting to build a new aircraft, I go to my wife and ask her a list of all the best that she Wishes her life to become better, while I will devote less than her time. " And it works: Mitch built independently seven aircraft. In the same time there are many projects that are conducted by family teams: parents with children, spouses. When a common teamwork shares people together - an aircraft assembly becomes an extra opportunity to spend time with loved ones.
Support outside the family circle is also important.
When choosing a solution in favor of this or that project, it is also important to take into account the service support and experience of previous builders. Is it possible to change the thickness of the rib without prejudice to the design of the design? Can the company-developer model of the plane answer this question? How fast will the answers come? Does the forum of aviation builders who can help beginners?

Tips how to speed up the project work - help professionals and whale sets

One of the reasons for the growth of the number of home airplanes - the appearance of whale sets. Most aircraft in the past were built from scratch. The builders acquired a set of drawings for the aircraft to their choice (or on their own risk and risk were constructed by themselves), and then ordered materials for the manufacture of parts and nodes.

Here are some tips for those who decided to go this way:

You can use virtual design programs, for example, X-PLANE: Aviator David Rose uses this program to construct its models that completes it by the Airplane PDQ package (total cost - $ 198). The cost of the package is low, and the possibilities at the level of industrial systems for $ 30,000.
The design can be designed: For this, you can post the book of Martin Hallman "The design of a modern aircraft" (Modern Aircraft Design) or Gorbenko K. S. "Airplanes are building themselves."

If you are not ready to make a plane from a clean sheet, then it makes sense to think about buying a whale kit. The whale manufacturer can provide accurate and ready-made parts of the aircraft with serious resource savings and materials compared to construction from scratch. Assembly instructions, unlike engineering drawings, will help to save uncountable hours on reasoning about how the items are conjugated with each other. Such time saving will lead to the fact that more complex and high-tech aircraft will collect in your power. Today's whale kits cover a strikingly wide range of models, ranging from wooden and tissue, such as Piper Cub, to composite models at the cost of comparable with Citation.

Here is a list of whale manufacturers, which aircraft manufacturers can find useful:

KIT - PIPER CUB PA-18 sets and his replica

SKB "Volcano-Avia"

CJSC INTERAVIA

KIT - RV aircraft sets

Kit - sets of airplanes C.C.C.P.

His aircraft.ru.

KIT - Ultra Pup aircraft sets

Whale - sets of airplanes CH-701, as well as Zenit, Zodiac and Bearhawk

Avia-Comp company

In order to legitimize the flights on the board of the home building, you will have to go through the procedure for obtaining a certificate of a single instance of an aircraft (EES, more details).

It is possible to build not for all. If you like to work with your hands and head, you know who to seek support, have enough money to buy a cargo pickup and you have a place to store it, you should be able to make your plane. Of course this occupation is not for everyone, but those who do this do consider this experience as one of the most exciting and joyful moments in their lives.

useful links

Sites dedicated to the construction of aircraft:

www.stroimsamolet.ru.
www.reaa.ru.
www.avia-master.ru.
vk.com/club4449615 - group VKontakte with a lot of useful information
wWW.AVIALIBRARY.COM - Aviation Design Library

You decided to build a plane. And immediately before you the first problem - what should he be? Single or double? Most often it depends on the power of the existing engine, the presence of the necessary materials and tools, as well as from the size of the "hangar" to build and storing the aircraft. And in most cases, the designer has to stop its choice on a single velocity velocity machine.

According to statistics, this class of aircraft is the most massive and popular among lovers. For such machines, various schemes, types of structures and engines are used. Biglans, monoplanes with low and highly located wing, single and two-dimensional, with pulling and pushing screws, etc. are often found.

The proposed cycle of articles contains an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the main aerodynamic schemes of aircraft and their design solutions, which will allow readers to independently assess the strengths and weaknesses of various amateur structures, will help you choose the best of them and most suitable for construction.

With an aircraft-one on one

One of the most common amateur single aircraft schemes is a subcoised monooplan with a highly located wing and a pulling air screw. It should be noted that this scheme appeared in the 1920s and in all the time of its existence practically did not change, becoming one of the most studied, tested and structurally worked. The characteristic signs of the aircraft of this type are a wooden two-chain wing, steel welded Fermen fuselage, linen covering, a pyramidal chassis and a closed cabin with a car type door.

In the 1920s - 1930s, a variety of this scheme was widespread - the plane of the Parasole type (with Franz. Parasol - an umbrella from the sun), which was highlighted with a wing, fastened on racks and pins over the fuselage. "Parasoli" in amateur aircraft constructions are found and understood, but they are usually constructively complex, less perfect in aerodynamic terms and less convenient to operate than classic high populations. In addition, such devices (especially small sizes) are very difficult access to the cabin and, as a result, the complexity of its emergency leaving.

Single planes - high populations:

Engine - LK-2 with a capacity of 30 hp Designs of L.Komarov, Wing Square - 7.8 m2, Wing profile - Clark, Harf weight - 220 kg (Pilot - 85 kg, power plant - 32.2 kg, fuselage - 27 kg, chassis with skis -10.5 kg , horizontal plumage - 5.75 kg, wing with pins - 33 kg), maximum speed - 130 km / h, flight range with fuel reap 10 L-180-200 km

Engine - "QysundAPP" with a capacity of 50 hp, the area of \u200b\u200bthe wing is 9.43 m2, the torn weight is 380 kg, the mass of empty - 260 kg, the maximum speed is -150 km / h, sore powered by the Earth - 2.6 m / s , Flight duration -8 h, Dumping speed - 70 km / h

The advantages of highlands can be attributed to the simplicity of piloting techniques, especially if the specific load on the wing does not exceed 30 - 40 kg / m2. Highlands are characterized by good stability, beautiful runway, they allow rear center to 35 -40% of medium aerodynamic chord (SAH). From the cabin of such an apparatus, the pilot is provided with an optimal overview. In short, for those who build their first plane, and besides, it is going to independently master his piloting, the best scheme cannot come up with.

In our country, the aircraft designers appeared in our country to the scheme of the subcooked high population. So, at one time there was a whole squadron of parasol aircraft: "Kid" from Chelyabinsk, created by the former pilot L. Komarov, "Leningradets" from St. Petersburg, built by a group of aircraft modelists, headed by V. Tatiznov, highlated, designed by the mechanic in . Frave from near Moscow village Donino.

About the last device should be told more. Having well having studied the simplest scheme of the sink highlands, the designer carefully planned his work. The wing was made of pine and plywood, the fuselage was welded from steel pipes and covered these elements of the blade aircraft through classical aviation technology. The chassis wheels picked up large so that you can fly from unprepared ground sites. The power unit - on the basis of the 32-strong MT-8 engine, equipped with a reducer and a large diameter air screw. The running weight of the aircraft is 270 kg, the flight centering - 30% SAH, the specific load on the wing - 28 kg / m2, the wing span - 8000 mm, the rift of the screw is 85 kgf, the maximum speed is 130 km / h, landing - 50 km / h.

Tester's pilot V. Zabolotsky, who made the deployment of this apparatus, came to delight from its capabilities. According to the pilot, they will be able to manage even a child. The aircraft was operated at V. Frolova for more than ten years and participated in several tears of SLA.

No less delight of tester pilots caused the PMK-3 aircraft created in the Moscow region of the Zhukovsky group of amateurs aircraft designers under the leadership of N. Prokopets. The car had a peculiar novel part of the fuselage, a very low chassis and was designed according to the scheme of a sub-vehicle highlands with a closed cabin; On the left side of the fuselage, the door was envisaged. The wing is somewhat beveled back to provide the necessary centering. The construction of the aircraft is a single-tree, with a clipping path. The wing is one-box, with pine shelves, a set of ribs and lobik wing is trimmed by plywood.

The wing area is 10.4 m2, the profile of the wing - Rf, the takele weight - 200 kg, the stock of the fuel is 13 liters, the flight center - 27% SAH, static thrust of the air screw - 60 kgf, the dumping speed is 40 km / h, Maximum speed - 100 km / h, flight range - 100 km

The base of the fuselage is three spars, and therefore the fuselage had a triangular cross-section. The plumage and control system of the PMK-3 aircraft are made as a well-known educational plan for B. Oshkinis Bro-11 M. The basis of the power plant is a 30-strong suspension boat engine "whirlwind" with liquid cooling; At the same time, the radiator spoke a little from the right side of the fuselage.

The "Don Quixote", developed in Poland, developed in Poland Yaanovsky became an interesting species of the subcooked high population of amateur buildings. With a light hand of the enthusiast of the amateur aircraft engineering of the famous pilot-planyrist testes and journalist G.S. Malinovsky, published in the magazine "Model-designer" drawings "Don Quixote", this, in general, not quite a successful scheme was very widely distributed in our country - on the hears, there were sometimes more than four dozen similar devices. Professional aircraft designers, however, believe that lovers aviator in this scheme attracted primarily the unusual appearance of the aircraft, but it was in it that some "pitfalls" were trampled.

A characteristic feature of "Don Quixote" was the forward cabin, which provided an excellent review and convenient placement of the pilot. However, at an extremely light aircraft weighing up to 300 kg, the centering has changed significantly in the case when a more subtitle, weighing 60 kg, weighing 60 kg - the device suddenly turned out of the excessively stable in the absolutely unstable. It was necessary to avoid this situation in the design of the machine - it was only necessary to install the pilot's chair in the center of her gravity.

Airplanes with a pushing air screw, designed according to the diagram of the "Don Quixote" aircraft:

Engine power - 25 hp, Wing area - 7.5 m2, Empty mass - 150 kg, Tearing weight - 270 kg, Maximum speed - 130 km / h, Speedness at the Earth - 2.5 m / s, ceiling - 3000 m, flight range - 250 km. Machine Design - Overall

Engine power - 30 hp, wing -7 m wing span, wing area - 7 m2, empty weight - 105 kg, take-off weight - 235 kg, maximum speed - 160 km / h, pouring capacity - 3 m / s, flight duration - 3 C.

Design - fiberglass, engine power - 35 hp, wing scope - 8 m, wing area - 8 m2, wing profile - Clark yh, takele weight - 246 kg, empty weight - 143 kg, flight center - 20% SAH, Maximum speed - 130 km / h

Another feature of Don Quixote is a chassis with a tail wheel. As is known, such a scheme in principle does not ensure travel stability of a light aircraft when it moves on the airfield. The fact is that the movement of the aircraft with a decrease in its mass and moments of inertia becomes fast, sharp, short-periodic, and the pilot accounts for all its attention to focus on withstanding the direction of running or run.

Airplane A-12 from the Aeropractive Club (Samara), which represented one of the copies of Don Quixote, had exactly the same innate defect as the firstborn of this Pleiada, however, designers after testing the car by professional pilots V. Macagonov and M . Machalyuk quickly found a mistake in the design. Replacing the tail wheel with a-12, they completely eliminated one of the main flaws of the Polish scheme aircraft.

Another significant drawback "Don Quixote" is to use the pushing air screw shaded in the pilot and wing. In this case, the efficiency of the screw dropped sharply, and the wing, not covered with an air flow from the screw, did not provide the estimated lifting force. As a result, the take-off and landing velocity grew, which led to the elongation of the runway and run, and also reduced sippectivity. With low pull-based, the aircraft could not take away from the ground at all. This is exactly what happened on one of the tears of the challenge with the aircraft "Elf", built according to the "Don Quixote" scheme with students and employees of MAI.

Of course, build devices with anterior air screw is not allowed at all, but the need and feasibility of creating an aircraft with such a power plant in each particular case should be carefully evaluated, because at the same time the losses of thrust and lifting power of the wing are inevitable.

It should be noted that designers, creatively approached using a power plant with a pushing air screw, managed to overcome the disadvantages of such a schema and create very interesting options. In particular, several successful devices according to the "Don Quixote" scheme built a mechanic from the city of Dneprodzerzhinsk P. Atomov.

The area of \u200b\u200bthe wing is 8 m2, the takele weight is 215 kg, the maximum speed is 150 km / h, the dumping speed is 60 km / h, the ducts for the Earth - 1.5 m / s, the range of operational overloads - from +6 to -4

1 - metal wing sock; 2 - tubular spar wing; 3 - flap; 4 - Tubular spars of the aileron and closure; 5 - Aileron; 6 - engine control handle; 7 - Pilot cabin front door (right); 8 - engine; 9 - Aileron Management Tracting; 10 - pitch in the wing plane; 11 - closed duralumin fuselary beam; 12 - tubular spars; 13 - speed indicator; 14 - ignition switch; 15 - altimeter; 16 - variometer; 17 - sliding pointer; 18 is a cylinder head temperature pointer; 19 - Close control knob; 20 - Suspichnaya Parachul

A well-flying aircraft with anterior aircraft was created by the team of amateur aircraft designers from the club "Flight" of the Samara Aviation Plant under the leadership of P. Aptmurzin - this car was called "Crystal". Flying her pilot-tester V. Gorbunov did not pose a high assessment - according to his reviews, the car had good stability, was easy and easy to manage. Samars managed to ensure high efficiency of flaps devaluated by 20 ° at takeoff and 60 ° - when landing. True, the idleness of this aircraft was only 1.5 m / s due to the shading of the pushing air screw of a wide pilot cabin. However, the named parameter turned out to be quite sufficient for an amateur design - and this is despite the fact that it takes it a little difficult.

The attractive appearance of the "crystal" is combined with the magnificent production execution of all-metal monoplas. The fuselage of the plane is a duralumin beam, whipped from 1 mm D16T sheets. In the power set of beams, there were also several curved walls from the sheet duralumin walls and the swarthhums.

It should be noted that in amateur structures instead of a metal, it is quite possible to use Paneur, pine bars, plastics and other available materials.

In the bend of the fuselab beam, in its nose of it, the cabin was located closed with a large transparent lantern of the faceted shape and a slight fairing of a leaf D16T thick 0.5 mm.

Supported wing - an original single-bar structure with a spar from a duralumin pipe 90x1.5 mm, which perceived loads from bending and twisting the wing. The set of ribs from 0.5-mm D16t, stamped into the rubber, was fixed on the spar with rods. The wing pump is made of Duraluminum pipe 50x1 and is enhanced by a fairing of D16T. In principle, duralumin museums and soils can be replaced with wooden, boxed sections.

The wing was equipped with aileron and closed with a mechanical manual drive. Wing profile - R-III. The aileron and the flap had spars from duralumin pipes with a diameter of 30x1 mm. Lobric wings - from 0.5 mm leaf D16T. The surface of the wing was covered with a web.

The plumage is free. Kiel, stabilizer, direction steering wheel and height steering wheel - also single-barrier, with spars from pipes D16T with a diameter of 50x1.5 mm. The plumage was covered with a web. Wiring control of the alerones had hard thrust and rocking hours, wiring to steering - cable.

The chassis is a three-way, with a controlled nose wheel. The depreciation of the chassis on the aircraft was due to the elasticity of the wheels of pneumatics with the dimensions of 255x110 mm.

The basis of the power plant of the aircraft is a 35-strong two-cylinder engine RMZ-640 from a snowmobile "Buran". Aerial screw - wooden design.

When comparing the pulling and pushing air screws, it should be borne in mind that for devices with a low power of the power plant, the first is more effective, which at one time the French aircraft Aerospasian employee Michel Colomban was perfectly demonstrated superbly - the creator of a small and very elegant aircraft "Cree-Cree "(Cricket).

It will not be superfluous to recall that the creation of small-sized aircraft with minimum power motors at all times attracted both lovers and professionals. So, the designer of large aircraft O.K. Antonov, who has already built a flying giant An-22 "Antey" with a take-off mass of 225 tons, in his book "Ten times first" spoke about his long-standing dream - plane-baby with a 16 hp engine. Unfortunately, Oleg Konstantinovich did not have time to create such an apparatus ...

Describing a compact aircraft - the task is not so simple, as it may seem at first glance. Many wondered him in the form of a superlock machine with a maximum load on the wing. As a result, ultrahagic devices were obtained, capable of flying only with the complete absence of wind.

Later, designers came to the idea of \u200b\u200buse for such devices of a small area of \u200b\u200ba small area and with a high specific load, which made it possible to significantly reduce the size of the machine and increase its aerodynamic quality.

Two-dimensional lowlands:

B - the aircraft "grazing" Edward Magransky (Poland) is a successful example of creative development of the Cree Cree scheme:

Power plant - two KFM-107E engines with a total capacity of 50 hp, the area of \u200b\u200bthe wing is 3.5 m2, the elongation of the wing is 14.4, the mass of empty is 180 kg; Harf weight - 310 kg; Maximum speed - 260 km / h; Dumping speed - 105 km / h; Flight range - 1000 km

1 - reception of air pressure indicator; 2 - duraluminum air screw (maximum rotational speed - 1000 rpm.); 3 - the engine "Roven" (the operating volume of the cylinder 137 cm3, the power of 8 hp, the weight of 6.5 kg); 4 - resonant exhaust pipe; 5 - membrane carburetor; 6 - fuel intakes - flexible hoses with weights at the ends (one per engine); 7 - Gaza Strip (left side); 8 - handle of the trimmer effect mechanism (reconfiguration of spring loader loader height); 9 - discharged part of the lantern; 10 - a non-viable rocking chair in the cable wiring of the direction of the direction of the direction; 11 - hard wiring control of the stabilizer; 12 - cable wiring wheel drive direction; 13 - all-turn horizontal plumage; 14 - Rocking handle directions; 15 - Kiel spar; 16 - chassis with a crimshed depreciation position; 17 - Spring of the main chassis; 18 - drainage tube of fuel tank; 19 - Handle of the hovering of the perieleons-closings (left side); 20 - Fuel tank with a capacity of 32 liters; 21 - Cable wiring for the control of the nasal chassis; 22 - adjustable pedals; 23 - Pedal loader (rubber shock absorber); 24-Rubber shock absorber of the right rack of the chassis; 25 - engine installation frame (steel V-shaped); 26 - rocker control of the nasal stand; 27 - spar wing; 28 - hanging aleron (angles of deviations from -15 ° to + 8 °, hanging - + 30 °; 29 - foam sparkling; 30 - wing casing; 31 - bracket hovering of the hanging aleron; 32 - foam ribs; 33 - stabilizer tape (balza ); 34 - stabilizer spar; 35 - Aileron sock (lining - duralumin, aggregate - foam)