Overlapping a cold attic on wooden beams. Warming of attic floors on wooden beams: technology, features and reviews. Polystyrene foam plates obtained by extrusion

Attic premises in a private house require insulation if the owners do not want to throw money into the wind, heating the surrounding space.Insulation of the inter-storey overlap on wooden beams Performs a double task: prevents the penetration of cold air in the winter and protects against the heat in the summer. At the same time, the insulation of the layer should pass a pair so that the condensate in the attic premises is not formed. To achieve the fulfillment of these conditions, work is required for the quality warming of the roof.

Since the attic space is not quite a standard room, then its thermal insulation is not a simple task. The complexity is that the roof is in close proximity to the street, and, as a rule, inclined design. Make an atmosphere in a private house comfortable for accommodation at any time of the year - with a proper insulation of the attic, for example, an eco-way. Unlike the rest of the premises of the house, the attic space is most of all to the weight loss due to direct contact with the environment.

Certain Requirements Requirements

Getting Started by the insulation of the attic, you should know what building rates and rules exist for attic overlaps. In order not to break the main parameters to which the attic design must meetcold attic ceiling insulation It should be carried out with the main requirements. For attic floors, it is strength and compliance with fire standards.

Incarious overlaps on wooden beams

The strength of the church of the attic must correspond to the appointment of the underpowering space. If the attic arranged on the attic, then the overlaps must withstand the weight of floors, furniture and people in it. The beams of overlaps should not be fed, and the permissible load should not exceed 100 kg per square meter.

Installation of wooden floors

The second basic requirement is fireproof, which is especially important for houses with a wooden structure.

Important!
All structural wooden elements must be processed by special flame retardant compositions.

Fire resistance, i.e. The ability of the material and blocking slabs does not ignore, measured in hours, is regulated by the following standards:

reinforced concrete floors - 1 hour;
wooden overlaps from beams with refractory backfill - 45 min.;
wooden overlaps from beams without fridge - 15 min;
not protected wooden structures - 5 min.

Before proceeding directly to laying heat-insulating materials, it is necessary to determine the type of overlap in the attic. The most common two types of overlappings, regardless of the design of the house (brick, wooden or block). For each view of the overlap, there are their rules that will be discussed slightly below, and before this we present the types of thermal insulation materials used in the shots of the attic room, are also conductedosolation basement).

Elements of various types of overlaps

Types of insulation material for overlap

Warming attic sawdusts Departed to the past, currently thermal insulation of the attic ceiling is carried out by modern materials (for example, eco-art), which meet building standards and the requirements above. Main types:

1. Mineral (basalt wool). This insulation is produced by many manufacturers and is currently very common. It is very environmentally friendly because it is basalt fibers in a stone crumb. It is high-quality protection against rodents, the material has durability, resistance to moisture, after wetting does not lose its properties and forms. Minvata can be in the shortest possible time and without much effort to insulate the attic, rolling and putting a roll, while there are no cracks and gaps, which is difficult to achieve when laying insulating plates. Insulation from the inside of the attic room of Minvata is optimal by simplicity and economy option. But the use should be approached individually and carefully, since basalt fiber sometimes causes allergies.

Laying Minvati.

Tip!
For Russian climatic conditions, it is enough to use Minvatu thick 20 cm. Do not forget to use protective glasses when working with minvatu. Thermal insulation requires the laying of the vaporizolation layer.

2. Equata. Isolation of the attic is more preferable than minvata, since this material does not cause allergies. Made from cellulose fibers, eco-friendly sold in bags and stacked between beams. This insulation does not burn, since it is impregnated with special refractory compositions. Also, when insulated with eco-paper, a vapor barrier device is required. Of the minuses, you can note the high cost of eco-insulation.

Warming attic Ekovataya

3. Glasswater. The type of mineral wool, but with certain features associated with the raw materials from which it is produced. Since the production of glass gambles go waste of glass products, during its use, dust is formed harmful to the human body. Working on laying should be carried out in special clothing, using glasses and respirator. Refers to the budget variant of insulation. The advantages include high thermal insulation, low cost, lack of toxicity, not flammable. Variazolation is needed.

Glasswater for thermal insulation of the attic overlap

4. Styrofoam. Insulation of the attic foam is the most economical way. This material has a low density and is well cut with a knife. Laying foam plates should be carried out very tight, and large gaps are closed with construction foam. Isolation of refractory foam, at high temperatures melts with the release of poisonous gases.

Polyfoam for insulation of attic floors

5. Foamed polyurethane (penoplelex). Refers to modern technological materials.Insulation attic polyurethane foam It is performed by applying it by spraying devices. The price of polyurethane is quite high and the technology of laying it is not the simplest. The advantages include high speed of polyurethane on the walls and ceilings from the inside of the attic. The whole floor can be covered with a penplex in a few hours, while achieving the complete absence of gaps, in contrast to thermal insulation plates.This option is comparable to an eco-water insulation. Laying is recommendedparosolation and inside.

6. Bulk materials. In the old house structures, a mixture of sawdust and dry leaves were used.Warming wooden overlap Keep warm in a private house, but had a high fire hazard. Currently, the device of bulk insulation uses perlit, slag or clay. Such thermal insulation is somewhat heavier than the first four types, so you should carefully calculate the strength of the design of overlaps and the ceiling binder. It is more often used during overlaps made from plates. Clamzite is also not badosolation basement.

Insulation attic bulk materials

The correct method of insulating the rolled material and insulation in the form of plates, consists in laying it on the beam in several layers in a checker order. This method of using heat insulators will avoid the formation of cracks.

Warming of the attic overlap of the frame house

Proper insulation of the attic and ceiling attic

Warming of slab overlap

As mentioned above, the overlaps exist two types. The overlapping of the attic floor with reinforced concrete slabs is found in large houses with several floors. Design from plates that can be hollow or solid, also requires insulation. Here, the process of thermal insulation device is somewhat simpler, since there is a flat plane on which any insulation can be laid.

The slab floors most often fall asleep with slag or clay, since the stove strength is high enough. The thickness of the insulation layer varies from 25 to 35 cm, the vaporizolation is pre-stacked.Warm attic With an attic requires a cement screed device.

Ceramizite for insulation of the attic floors

To lay the rolled heat insulator, equipped with lag laying plates (bars). With the help of screws along concrete or dowels, the lagows are attached to overlaps, after which the insulation is stacked between them.

Warming of the attic overlap of lags

Warm attic Requires a mandatory device of the waterproofing layer, but if it is not planned to operate the attic floor, it can be made cold and saved on waterproofing and outdoor coating.

The beam overlap is more common in the designs of private houses. Insuction in this case is carried out by laying heat insulators between beams. Before that, vaporizolation must be made to remove moisture from the premises of the house. Specialized vapor insulators work as a valve, having the ability to skip air from the inside and do not pass the cold masses inside.

Preparation for the insulation of the beam overlap

The ideal option, if you manage to arrange a solid vapor insulation layer. But when the design features of the attic overlap prevent this, then the film should be laid between the beams of the mustache and attach a construction tape for tightness.

Insulation of the attic overlap on the beams

With an insufficient height of the beams, so that the insulation can be laid in the evening, the additional rails should be touched. For high-quality insulation from the inside of the beam attic overlap, and also to getwarm attic in the house, you can lay a few species of various heat insulator.Healing floor attic will give an additional effect.

Warming overlap over wooden beams

Ksenia Skvortsova. Chief Editor. Author.
Planning and distribution of responsibilities in the Content-production team, work with texts.
Education: Kharkiv State Academy of Culture, specialty "Cultureologist. Lecturer history and theory of culture. " Experience in copywriting: from 2010 at the moment. Editor: Since 2016.

The attic overlap separated the heated part of the building from the cold. Choose the correct material and the thickness of the insulator is to reduce heat loss and save material expenses in the heating season. Let's talk about the insulation of the attic overlap on wooden beams with their own hands.

Design of wooden attic overlap

The carrier elements in the attic wooden overlap are beams. They are made of coniferous wood. The size of the section of the beam is accepted by calculating the load, which the element perceives. We told you in the article "How to make the calculation of wooden beams of overlapping" about the correct calculation of wooden beams.

For each specific climatic conditions, and depending on the ability of the material, heat transfer was obtained by heat transfer to the heat-insulator.

The scheme of insulation of the attic overlap: 1 - lag; 2 - cranial bars; 3 - boarding shield or boards; 4 - vaporizolation; 5 - a controller for the ventilation gap; 6 - insulation; 7 - clean floor; 8 - Ventilation clearance

Black floor of wooden shields or boards is mounted on cranial bars. Next, the vaporizolation of the membrane type is laid, the insulation is stacked, which is covered by another layer of membrane.

If the attic is operated, a clean floor is laid on top. If not, the running boards are stacked on the beams (min. 40 mm thick). All wooden elements are antisept. To avoid structures from a tree when laying clean floor, a gap is left between it and insulation.

Selection of material for insulation

Bulk materials

Ceramzit

Insulation overlap the attic can be loose materials to which clamzite belongs. It has a relatively low weight (250-600 kg / m 3) and high heat transfer resistance. Easy installation and relative low cost determines the selection of this material.

Vermikulitis

The expanded vermiculite is obtained by heating the mountain rock of the vermiculite to a temperature of 700 ° C, which increases in the amount of 25 times. Its thermal conductivity is from 0.13 W / m · K, and the volume weight is up to 200 kg / m 3.

Perlit

Running perlite also refers to bulk thermal insulation materials. Mountain breed perlite is crushed and burned to obtain a porous structure. The expanded perlite is environmentally safe, not lit and bioetics, has high thermal insulation properties (0.052 W / m · K). Its volumetric weight is 160-250 kg / m 3.

Pieces

Pieces insulating materials are made in the form: sheets, rolls, plates, mounting shells and segments. For insulation of the attic overlap, plates and rolls are most often used. In this case, the war-type insulation is preferable, since it does not leave the docking seams that are slightly, but worsen the resistance of heat transfer.

Basalt Vata.

Mineral wool plates and rollers from basalt fibers The most popular thermal insulation material in house-building. It is made of crushed and molten basalt by inflatable. Basalt wool has a low thermal conductivity (0.32-0.048 W / m · K), small volume weight. This material of biosetics is not environmentally dangerous and relatively inexpensive.

Glasswater

Glass wool in its characteristics is very close to mineral wool. It is also obtained by melting the source material, which in this case is a glass battle. Glasswater has longer threads, greater chemical resistance and durability, less cost than minvat.

It is made in the form of plates, mats, rolls, reinforced and with a reflective layer. The volumetric weight of glass grooves ranges from 25 to 200 kg / m 3, the heat content is 0.035-0.045 W / m · k. The disadvantage of fiberglass is the need for personal protection when installing.

Polystyrene foam

Also polystyrene foam (foam) also include plate insulation. This is a cheap, lightweight, moisture-resistant with good thermal insulation properties material. In private house-building from it, it is often refused due to the damage to rodents and low resistance to high temperatures.

Extruded expanded polystyrenex (PESTLEX) has good insulation properties, less fires, than simple polystyrene foam, but toxic substances isolated during combustion.

Polyurene Foolder

The slab polyurethane foam (foam) has a high heat transfer resistance (0.029-0.041 W / m · K) and a small volumetric weight (30-80 kg / m 3). The construction uses hard species of this material. Spraying polyurethane foam creates a solid insulation of the surface, both heat and hydro. It is also racks to temperature drops and durable in operation (up to 20 years).

Foamglo

The foamglass is a type of glass that has a cellular structure. It has a low heat resistance (0.04-0.08 W / m · K), waterproof, high strength and fire safety. The percentage of foam glass porosity reaches 80-95%. The weight weight varies from 100-200 kg / m 3.

Peat plates

Organic heat-insulating materials include peat slabs. They are made of young moss-sfagnum using a wet and dry method. Under the action of the temperature of the peat fiber glued. Peat plates are divided into ordinary and moisture resistant. The volume weight is 170-300 kg / m 3, the heat transfer coefficient is 0.05-0.07 W / m · k.

Fibrolite plates

Fibrolite plates are made of wood fibers, which is subjected to mineralization at first, and then mixed in the required proportion (cement - water). The heat-insulating plates have less volumetric weight (300-350 kg / m 3) and heat transfer (0.085-0.95 W / m · K) than the constructive fibrololite.

The fibrolite mixture is quite accessible to make it yourself and lay it directly into place. You can pre-on special technology in the formwork to make the plate of the desired size from it, and then mount them to the overlap.

Kamyshit

As the heat-insulating material also uses reel, which is practically the cheapest. It is made of pressed reassembly stalks, cross-steel coils.

The volumetric weight of the cacishes is 175-250 kg / m 3, the heat rate coefficient is 0.05-0.08 W / m · k. The disadvantages of it are low fire resistance and bioscistance, high water absorption and rodent damage.

Ekwata.

Equata (cellulose wool) refers to environmentally friendly thermal insulation materials. It is made of secondary cellulose raw materials with the addition of antiseptics and flames. Most often they are boric acid and a bora.

In stores it can be found packed in polyethylene bags. When laying, the eco-board is breaking and then folded on the site of insulation. In fact, the insulation density should be for overlapping at least 35 kg / m 3, which is quite difficult to determine "on the eye".

This thermal insulation material has good thermal conductivity indicators - 0.037-0.042 W / m · K, a small volumetric weight (28-63 kg / m 3), moderately fuel and biosetics. Equata may not pass into the internal layers about 20% of humidity, while its thermal insulation properties are preserved.

Cork slabs for thermal insulation are used for a long time. They are made of chopped cork production waste by blending with glue or heat treatment. Compressed plates in special forms are dried at a temperature of 80 ° C.

The volumetric weight of the cork insulation is small and is 150-250 kg / m 3, the heat insulation is high (0.04-0.08 W / m · K). The advantages of this insulator can be attributed:

bioscistance;
small water absorption;
small volume weight;
relatively high strength, as the heat-insulating material;
fire resistance (slowly tweet);
not amazed by rodents.

Features of work on laying thermal insulation on wooden overlap

The insulation of mineralons and glass gambles is laid with mandatory vaporizolation. Absorbing water, insulation loses heat engineering properties, so careful protection against moisturizing is needed. Vaporizolation films are labeled 100 mm.

The heat insulator with reflective coating reduces the heat loss of overlapping. It stacked foil down. The use of foams is justified only in baths and saunas.

If the thickness of the thermal insulation material is greater than the height of the ceiling beams, laying additional plates to create an air gap are necessary. Multilayer thermal insulation is arranged with the overlap of the docking seams.

The dimensions of rigid heat insulating plates are customized with special care so that the gaps do not increase the thermal conductivity of the overlap. Otherwise, the installation of this type of insulation does not differ from the thermal insulation device from mineral wool slabs.

The bulk insulators are evenly distributed throughout the space between the beams, observing the necessary (calculated) layer thickness. Since they almost all absorb moisture, on top and bottom, such an insulator is protected from moisturizing by membrane film.

The choice of material for the thermal insulation of the attic overlap is due to the following criteria:

Material costs, including shipping costs.
Local availability of material.
Easy installation.
Safety for health.
Fire safety.

Reduce the construction stress of the building can be chosen by the insulation with a smaller volume and low heat efficiency.

The room in the attic of private home ownership is used for different purposes: storing temporarily unnecessary things, equipment installations or living room arrangements. Depending on what is the free space under the roof, choose the method of the attic ceiling.

What is a attic

The attic room limit the roofs and the ceiling of the residential floor. This place is often used to arrange an additional living area.

The attic of private households is two types:

Housing. It is called an attic. It can also equip the living room, office, bedroom, library, etc. The height of the room in this case should be at least 220 centimeters. In addition, it needs ventilation, natural lighting, carry out the insulation of the skates.
Non-residents. Such an attic space is usually used to accommodate technical equipment, storing old or unnecessary things. At the same time there will be enough 2-meter height, and natural lighting is not necessary. Instead of insulation, the skates make thermal insulation of the attic overlap.

When making a decision on repair or restructuring at home, you need to decide in advance, for what purposes the attic will be involved in making the calculation and the project of overlapping. The list of necessary materials and the gap between the beams depends on this. They must provide the required strength and carrying ability.

Functional purpose of overlaps

The design of the attic overlap depends on the parameters of the structure and goals for which it is planned to use a subcoase space. The attic is assigned a function of a kind of air layer, which separates the cold roof from heated floors.

Paul in the attic performs a number of tasks:

carriage. The overlapping between the upper residential floor and the attic space is assigned a carrier function, so it is made reliable, and durable, since people will move on it, they plan to place equipment on it and equip the storage locations;
insulating. In a cold attic room, the temperature differs little from the one that outside the house. In this case, the floors in the attic carry thermally insulating function, thereby not tolerant air cooling on residential floors. To maintain heat, the thermal insulation is required to overlap the attic. Such work is desirable to entrust professionals.

Features of the device and the design of the overlaps

Since the overlap of the attic performs two functions - carrying and insulating, they have a multi-layer structure. Each of the "cake" elements complements each other, which provides the created design for a long service life, strength and ability to withstand heavy loads.

The flooring device in the attic suggests the following layers:

Finishing floor. Such a name turned outdoor coating, which is placed on a draft base. If it is a attic, then the linoleum, laminate, parquet, etc. are laid during the arrangement of the finishing floor. In non-residential room, the finish flooring may be absent.
Draft base. It is a boardwalk, which is mounted on lags. The draft floor is lined with a cutting board with a thickness of 4 -5 centimeters or in order to save from the unedged.
Lagi. It is durable, smooth wooden elements stacked perpendicular to the beams of overlap to create an outdoor coating. When the arrangement of the attic overlap on wooden beams is performed, the insulation is placed between the lags, which is replaced by a layer of vaporiozolation, and on top are covered with waterproofing material. If you do not apply insulating layers, then after a few years the repair will be required.
Beams. The framework of overlaps is built of thick and durable beams, which are either mounted on the protrusions of the walls, or fit into them. They must withstand the whole mass of the design. A flat roof can also be made on wooden beams, which is quite practical.
Ceiling covering. From the side of the floor rooms, they are decorated with a finishing material, for example, natural wood or plasterboard.

Types of attic overlaps

For the device overlapping a cold attic, materials differ in weight, durability, cost and bearing capacity are used.

There are several types of overlaps depending on what they are made from:

Wooden elements. For their manufacture, you can use beams that have a section 150x150 or 200k200 millimeters. The advantage of this option is that the tree is quite strong and at the same time relatively lightweight material, so wooden elements do not have an additional load on the foundation of the house. In addition, their big advantage can be called a small price and availability. But such an attic overlap is used when the size of the construction does not exceed 6-110 meters, as this is the maximum length of sawn timber.
Metal products. Metal heaps are distinguished by strength, the ability to withstand high weight without deformation. But they weigh decently, so they are extremely rare in wooden houses, and for brick and aerated concrete buildings, they are the best option.
Reinforced concrete products. The molded beams of overlaps made from reinforced superproof concrete use for multi-storey houses, as they differ in high weight and the same length.

Of all the above sections of overlaps in a private low-rise house building in most cases, wooden beams prefer preference. They have an optimal ratio between price and quality. With competent calculations and compliance with the technology, the repair of overlapping in the coming years is not required. Ventilation is also necessary in the attic of a private house, for the arrangement of which additional knowledge will be needed.

Cake Device Requirements

Since the safety of staying in the house depends on the quality of installation and repair of the attic floors, a number of requirements are made to their arrangement.

To know the magnitude of the maximum permissible load, which is capable of withstanding the design, it is necessary to perform the appropriate calculations, and then, based on their results, proceed to the development of the project, from which it will be clear how to properly insulate the attic overlap in the house.

Requirements concern:

Carrier ability. It directly depends on the material of the manufacture of beams and from the gap between them.
Distances between carrier elements. The maximum allowable value for this parameter in accordance with the construction standards is 4 meters.
Temperature resistance. It is necessary that the beams without any problems can withstand such changes. The fact is that the difference between air temperature in residential floors and in the attic always exceeds 4 degrees.
Isolation. The cake of the attic overlap of a cold attic must protect the placement of households from the penetration of cold and moisture from the underpants space.

In the design process, the requirements for beams used to arrange overlapping in the attic so that the result is reliable and durable. The distance between them needs to be calculated, based on the loads rendered on them.

Technology for creating an attic overlap on wooden beams

In the presence of the experience of the construction work, mount the overlap of a cold attic on wooden beams can be handled. Perform this process at the final stage of roofing work.

The sequence of actions will be as follows:

Installation of beams. For a small area of \u200b\u200ba private house, wooden floors made from a bar having a section of 150x150 or 200x200 millimeters are suitable. They are placed on concrete or brick wall masonry.
Installation lag. They are placed on the edge perpendicular to beams with a step of 60 centimeters. Lags make a cross section of 150x50 millimeters.
Laying thermal insulation. The insulation is placed between lags - it will protect from the penetration of the cold from the attic.
Installation of rough and clean floor.
Covering beams from the room with the target of the ceiling surface.

When insulating the floor, the attic should not forget about the arrangement of hydro and vaporizolation.

Warming attic with wooden floors

Earring a private house, it is important to pay the maximum of attention to the warming step. Often, after performing heat insulation, many stop, mistakenly thinking that the case is done. Winter puts everything in its place when the cold penetrates the house and even a powerful boiler does not save from ice air. To avoid this, you need to insulate the attic of a private house. What is the importance of the event? As is known, warm air always rises upwards, and insufficiently insulated attic overlaps resist heat transfer very mediocre. An unpleasant result will be the fact that the street is heated, and the air in the building is becoming colder than. Therefore, the creation of high-quality thermal insulation of wooden floors in the attic is a pledge of a warm and cozy atmosphere for a comfortable stay of all households.

What materials use?

An unprepared shopper can "get lost" in the manifold of materials presented in the market for insulation of a private house.

Materials for insulation at home

When the thermal insulation of the attic room is performed correctly?

If the heat loss in the winter period is excluded, the optimal microclimate is created in a sultry.
Thermal insulation, pair-and waterproofing attic interact, as if a single organism.
Along with the most important systems that provide dry air of the optimal temperature, high-quality ventilation of the room has been created.

The fulfillment of the simplest requirements gives a design with a worthy operational period, comfortable living conditions are created for all households. Wooden overlap in individual construction is a classic option. What is the phenomenon of its popularity? First, all installation work after small virtual learning can be performed with your own hands. Secondly, the material for such overlapping (coniferous or delicious wood) is not a deficit and financially available. Wooden overlap - specific design.

Choosing thermal insulation material, one points should be taken into account:

insulation bioscistance - property to prevent the spread of fungus, harmful microorganisms or mold;
Ecology is a degree of security for the health of everyone who lives in the house;
Parry permeability - the ability of the insulation to pass the air, and with it, couples;
combustion is a property that prevents ignition and providing fire safety in the attic;
Moisture resistance - the creation of reliable protection against water to the wooden beams, of which the overlap consists.

Important!
Choosing how to insulate the attic, it is important to take into account the degree of vapor permeability of the material. It is under the ceiling that the heated air accumulates, which condenses at the dew point.

Insulation of the attic room

In this case, the dew point is the area between the wooden structural overlap design and insulation. Correctly selected thermal insulation material will help adjust the steam movement, will prevent the decoration and deformation of the structure. As a result, the overlap in the house will become more durable and durable.

Wooden overlap stearazolation

What to choose a heater?

Many do not know that the attic overlap is one of the most vulnerable zones in individual construction, especially in cases where the attic of a cold type itself. That is why the choice of high-quality insulation for the wooden structure it is necessary to pay special attention.

What materials can be used?

Bulk.
Rolled.
Tile.

Frequently, the attic overlap was insulated with natural material, which was available: sawdust, hay or straw, land.

Rolled insulation

Today, innovative technologies provided us with a whole range of synthetic or natural insulation with various properties.Each of the types of thermal insulation materials has its own features of the installation, advantages and disadvantages. Choosing one or another insulation, should come from architectural specifics and characteristics, as well as on its financial capabilities.

Bulk materials

The easiest and most affordable way to perform the insulation of the wooden overlap with your own hands is to use bulk materials.

Straw for insulation of the attic overlap

Among the insulation presented are both completely natural and synthetic materials. The natural type of bulk insulation can be attributed:

EcoWhat;
straw;
sawdust;
Tirsto;
seaweed.

Natural bulk insulation - Eco

Important!
All natural insulation flammings, so their use should be with maximum caution. It is not recommended to warm in the area of \u200b\u200bthe chimney.

Today, the use of synthetic materials of the modern generation is justified. These include ceramzite, fiberglass, perlite, foamed glass or foam balls. The advantages of using synthetic bulk insulation are as follows:

long service life;
antiseptic properties;
bowstability and chemical inertness;
a high degree of fire safety (the material does not burn);
It has low thermal conductivity.

Unlike the natural insulation, which can be chosen to accommodate rodents or insects, synthetic materials are hampered in every way. In working with them you should protect yourself in every way from entering particles on the skin.

With representatives of the class of bulk thermal insulation materials, it is easy to work even to those who do not have any experience in the construction sector.

Bulk insulation for attic

Rolled materials

Rolled material is often used as thermal insulation protection of the wooden attic floor. The most popular representative of this class of building materials is fibrous glass gamble or more improved varieties.

Warming attic glasshouse

The advantages of such a material are several:

excellent characteristics of thermal conductivity;
high degree of elasticity and flexibility;
excellent resistance to vibrations;
good sound absorption;
low cost.

Heat insulation attic with wooden floors

In addition, glass gamble and its varieties - the material is chemically resistant and non-combustible, which significantly increases the degree of fire safety in a private house. In addition, such a insulation has disadvantages. First, installation works require high-quality special protection, as particles of fibers that fall on the skin or mucous membrane can cause serious diseases. Secondly, the fibrous material has increased lubrability and relatively low operating deadlines. Due to the small cost of glass gamble, it is still a popular insulation in individual construction.

How to insulate the attic overlap with the glass gamble

Insulation in plates

One of the simplest and pliable materials in the installation is a tiled heat insulator. Bright representatives of this class - mineral plates, or basalt, wool.

Installation of basalt wool plates

The fibrous material has similar characteristics with classic glass gamble, but more perfect technically. The advantages of mineral wool are as follows: Plates of mineral wool

Tip!
Warring wooden overlap of mineral wool, you need to follow safety rules and take care of the special (respirator, gloves, glasses) so that the fiber does not fall on the respiratory tract or the skin.

In addition to plates of mineral wool, you can use polystyrene foam, which is more moisture-resistant than mineral wool, and is able to protect against heat loss in all weather conditions. Even with prolonged and close contact with water, absorption will be no more than 6%. Such a thermal insulation is durable, easy to install, does not waste the wooden design of the overlap and is not subject to deformation during operation. Another plus - polystyrene is absolutely insensitive to biologically or chemically active media. In addition to impressive advantages, the insulation has a significant minus - flammable. To increase fire safety, manufacturers are improving manufacturing technology. If the polystyrene includes anti-epires, this indicates the low properties of the fire safety degree of the material. Another minus material is low resistance to ultraviolet. Therefore, experts recommend not to apply it in an open atmosphere or to ensure protection against direct solar radiation.

Warming attic plates

In addition to the right choice of material for the thermal insulation of wooden attic floors in a private house, it is important to comply with installation technologies. The thickness of the insulation layer may vary. It depends on the characteristics of the climate of the region and the technical specificity of the material itself. Warming overlap in the house, it is not necessary to resort to the help of specialists. It is quite realistic to perform work independently, having studied the theory of work. Remember that the correctly selected insulation will not only protect from the cold and "uninvited" drafts, but also will help create a warm family atmosphere in the house.

Insulation of the attic overlap

In order not to dig a cold attic in the winter, you need to insulate the attic floor overlap. Do not warm the attic if it is not used for its intended purpose.

In order to solve this issue, you need to think about how to insulate the attic with the help of modern building materials. The process can occur both from the inside of the room and from the outside. Insulation is performed in the process of complex repair before final finish.

Even if the attic was not insulated during construction, you can always do this issue, and to carry out additional work.

Features

Most of the warm air masses go through the roof. Therefore, when the house is erected with a laptile attic, you need to carefully approach the topic of insulation of the attic ceiling with wooden beams. After all, it creates a certain barrier between warm rooms and a cold attic room.

Consider the special criteria of thermal insulation attic that affect the preservation of temperature in the house:

Purpose of the room. The attic is a kind of buffer between the environment and the lodged rooms. Its task is to adjust the temperature difference between the external environment and the house.
Temperature mode. In any season and any day, the temperature of the air masses in the attic will always be higher than outside the window. That is why in winter in the attic very cold, and in the summer it is unbearably hot and stuffy.
Heat loss in winter.The more the substance heats up, the less dense it becomes. This is a physical phenomenon. That is why in residential areas with a heating system warm air from home appliances, focuses in the ceiling area. That is, if you do not insulate the ceiling, then in the winter period, all warm air will warm the attic.

Excessive heat in summer.In summer, you can observe the reverse process. The roof rays of the sun, will warm up the attic air, which, in turn, will penetrate into the room through attic floors.
Reverse aircraft cycle.Contact with the ceiling without thermal insulation, warm air becomes cold, more dense and, as a result, lowered to the floor. This is reflected in the residential premises in the form of walking drafts, which cause harm to human health.

The appearance of excess moisture. In contact with a laptile attic, the wet roast air turns into condensate. The overall level of humidity in the house increases, which leads to the emergence of mold foci in the corners.
Saving. The heat that went through the roof without insulation is about 30%. This means that with the correct insulation of the attic overlap, you can save 30% of the fuel used. The use of air conditioner in summer will also be associated with less costs.

The ingress of warm air masses on the technical attic (non-residential) leads to negative consequences:

Due to the mixing of warm and cold masses in the attic room, condensate may appear. Water falling on the surface can lead to the process of rotting wood on the beams.
If in the attic heat, then the snow gathered on the roof will begin to melt. Water dripping, starts to turn into icicles. Forming on the drainage system.

Materials

In order to correctly pick up the appearance of the insulation for the ceiling, you need to know several factors. The heat insulator should not only have a low thermal conductivity coefficient, but also have defined properties:

Resistance to moisture and mechanical effects. The sealer should not change its form in mechanical loads. His qualities should remain unchanged, even in the case of wetting.
Hemonslessness. The material should not burn and maintain burning. High temperatures should not have destructive influence on it.
Low weight. To create a protective thermal frame, you need to select materials with a slight weight. Then the attic floors will not be subject to mechanical load.

Ability to skip steam. In residential premises should be an acceptable temperature and normal level of humidity. To ensure this, you need to choose only vapor-permeable finishing materials.
Environmental factors. The heat insulator is obliged to comply with all sanitary and hygienic standards. Hypoallergenicity and chemical neutrality are the basic requirements for the material. And it should not contain toxic substances and volatile connections.
Mineral base.Insulation should not contain organic compounds, their base must be made of polymers. This will prevent the appearance of mold, and they will not bite the mouse.

Based on the foregoing, to insulate the attic wooden structures, there are several popular types of insulation:

Mineral insulation

Mineral wool is manufactured in two types - rolled and matte. It is performed by melting rocks at a very high temperature. Basalt wool is the most suitable for insulation the attic. It combines all the properties of the heat insulator. Mineral wool is pretty light and fragile. To protect it from mechanical exposure (to sell, strip), wooden flooring is stacked over the insulation.

The best view of the insulation for these purposes will be a hard mat of a large density, on the one hand reinforced foil. It stacked foil down. At the same time, it provides a reflection of heat and possess vaporizolation.

Glasswater

Material production technology is very similar to the production of basalt wool. But molten glass is taken as the main component. It has good spring properties. But in this case there is a fragility. In terms of mechanical exposure, it breaks. Glasswater is cheaper than mineral insulation, so it will suit those who are limited in the budget.

But it is necessary to take into account that when moisture gets into moisture, its thermal insulation properties deteriorate. It is harmful to humans, since small windows wound out the skin and can cause irritation.

Bulk insulation

Ceramzit is rounded brown pebbles. They are made of certain types of red clay, which sinters at a very high temperature. Ceramzite has a very low thermal conductivity coefficient, since its structure consists of closed areas. Each pebbles are protected from moisture from entering the fact that there is a dense clay layer on its surface. Small pebbles of the ceramzite are able to fill out hard to reach places, hidden cavities in carrying wooden elements.

This natural mineral heat insulator is not susceptible to burning, there are no harmful substances in it, the mold does not start, and he does not like rodents.

Foam sheets

The thermal insulator with the polymer structure is made by sintering small spherical granules. Its standard size is 100x100 cm. Thickness ranges from 1 to 15 cm. Polyfoam is one of the available and cheap insulation. But at the same time possesses the lowest thermal conductivity coefficient. Since it consists of polymers, there is no organic organ in its composition. This means that it is moisture-proof, not subject to rotting, and mold is not formed in it. The heat insulator is not affected by fire, but in the conditions of high temperature, it begins to exhibit toxic selection and the risk of high smoke appears. By the cons of the foam can be attributed to the fact that, due to its closed structure, it does not miss the water vapor.

Polystyrene foam plates obtained by extrusion

According to the composition of the substances, they are the same as the foam, but the methods of their manufacture are differ fundamentally. Polystyrene foam is obtained by a hot extrusion method, when a prepared polymer mixture is passed through a special apparatus. The specific density of the material is higher than that of the polyfoam, its structure is porous and homogeneous. This leads to higher thermal conductivity. The insulation is strong and withstands a large weight load.

Polyentenylene with reflective foil

Construction title of material Penofol. This is a heater in the shape of a roll, made of foamed polyethylene, covered with foil. It can be combined with other types of thermal insulators, since it itself has a limited scope of application. The structure of closed pores gives a low thermal conductivity coefficient. Through polyethylene does not pass air, liquid, water vapor. Therefore, the foam is a good waterproofer. Foil plays the role of the reflector, that is, it returns warmly back to the living room. Its thickness from 3 to 15 mm.

Wood-chip sawdust for reinforced concrete slabs

This is, first of all, accessibility and low cost. They go as insulation for ceiling floors in the sheds, baths, household buildings. The method of application is the delabcing of wooden attic designs with a mixture of clay and sawdust. The method is though primitive but effective. Sawdles can be bought on the sawmill. Clay is also available in an accessible amount. To knead the solution is not difficult. With a small specific weight, the mixture is very solid, especially after complete drying. Therefore, the wooden floors do not load. The material is vapor-permeable, but due to sawdust can develop mold bacteria, and also this type of insulation love to spoil rodents.

Most often, the insulation of the concrete structure occurs at the minilate, minvata, chopped straw and opium concrete.

Scheme of work

First you need to prepare heat-insulating materials and tools:

a hammer;
hacksaw;
plancock, chisels;
drill and screwdriver;
construction stapler;

rule, roulette;
ladder;
wooden bars and boards;
parobarrier;
finishing material.

Decide which insulation will be used:

mineral wool;
polystyrene foam;
sawdust;
penophol;

glass gaming;
styrofoam;
ceramzit.

Then you should hold installation work.

Montaja technology

Depending on the selection of the insulation, the laying method is different.

Mineral insulation

Vata is placed in three ways: cells, furrows and a solid layer. The choice depends on the degree of load. The best design is obtained from a solid layer. First you need to put the film of vaporizolation. It assigns water vapor, which is directed from the room into an attic room. The film is strictly strictly in accordance with the marking, the brass. Wooden structures should be tightly covered with a film, otherwise they will be charged.

In the second stage, wata stacked. This is a simple procedure, the insulation is cutting into stripes. When laying, you need to ensure that the insulation does not flip, and there were no gaps between the sheets.

Attic overlaps need to be hydroizing. Then put the draft coating, which will later be the base for the finishing finish.

Polyfoam or extruded polystyrene foam

Stop rigid insulation are quite simple. First you need to align the base, remove the irregularities, the differences on the floor. Put the cement-sand tie. Sheets are stacked between bars. If no one will live in the attic, then the insulation must be closed with a polyethylene film. And if the floor is operated, it is necessary to put OSB plates on the foam or pour the cement mortar with a screed.