Finnish houses made of laminated veneer lumber: the main advantages. Construction of country houses from laminated veneer lumber: features and benefits of technology, types of material and housing prices Technology of assembling a house from laminated veneer lumber

Glued laminated timber is a type of timber, which consists of several pre-dried and lamella boards, which are glued with a special compound. A house made of such a material gives less shrinkage than a log or ordinary timber, the material itself hardly changes its shape during operation. Such qualities make glued laminated timber construction more and more popular, despite its relatively high cost. How to build a house from laminated veneer lumber?

The first stage is project development

It is better to entrust this work to professionals. They will take into account all the wishes of the customer and the characteristics of the material and will develop a home that will be comfortable and safe. Finished projects can also be found on the Internet, as a rule, they only reflect the main points: the size of the building, the arrangement of rooms, internal partitions, stairs, windows, doors. But it should be remembered that a house is not only walls and a roof, but also communications, which also need to be laid in accordance with certain requirements.

Glued laminated timber house construction technology

When the project is developed, the house is assembled according to the scheme, like a constructor. However, the construction of walls from this material has its own characteristics.

• It is important to check the evenness of all joints and the geometry of the walls and corners.
• Jute insulation is used for the seams.

Glued laminated timber can have a German or Finnish profile, which differs in the number of grooves and ridges. Thanks to the tongue-and-groove connection, glued timber, like profiled timber, is better protected from moisture penetration between the crowns.

The technology of building a house from laminated veneer lumber includes a tape shallow reinforced foundation. The depth of the foundation, as a rule, is no more than 70 cm, while above the ground it should rise at least 50 cm. If the house is large, then additional bricks are laid out under the floor logs.

The floor lags are attached to the first crown of the timber. After their laying, walls are erected, and then the interfloor or attic floor.

The technology of laying laminated veneer lumber for wooden houses is even simpler than the technology of laying profiled or solid timber due to its more precise geometry.

In the corners, laminated veneer lumber can be joined in several ways. The easiest way is, if you have bought a already marked and sawn timber "for the project", then the cups for connection are already cut in it, you just have to assemble the house according to the instructions. If an unmarked timber is purchased, it is connected in the same way as other types. Connection with metal corners is not recommended. The following types of connections can be used:

• on dowels,
• root thorn
• end-to-end,
• in half a tree,
• in the paw,
• frying pan or semi-frying pan,
• dovetail at 45 degrees.

The floor consists of a rough flooring, which is attached to the logs using a metal corner, and insulation is laid on it between the logs. Make a finishing floor on top.

A rafter system is made for the roof. For it, you can also use glued laminated timber, usually of a smaller size than for walls. A crate is nailed onto the rafters and a roofing cake with waterproofing, insulation and vapor barrier is arranged.

Warming

Do I need to insulate a house from laminated veneer lumber? There are different opinions on this, but if the house is intended for year-round living, experts advise to insulate it from the outside. If the house is used periodically and it is not heated every winter, then internal sealing is necessary. The use of insulation is also in the fact that the right conditions for wood are created in an insulated house, it does not rot and does not dry out.

Thermal insulation of a house made of laminated veneer lumber includes the following activities:

• sealing all seams in the house, eliminating gaps, cracks,
• insulation of the attic, if any,
• sealing all openings near doors and windows,
• sealing of floors,
• sealing and thermal insulation with a heat insulation material of the building from the outside,
• floor insulation.

How to insulate a house and what kind of insulation to choose? Wall thickness and climatic conditions play a major role in the choice of material. Usually used as insulation:

• felt,
• cork,
• Styrofoam,
• mineral wool.

If it is decided to do with insulation from the inside, then the optimal thickness of the insulation is 3 cm. This thickness does not significantly reduce the area, but it already retains heat quite effectively and works as sound insulation.

Before laying the insulation, the walls of the house are treated with an antiseptic. For insulation outside, a frame made of a bar is attached to the walls of the house, the distance between the frame elements should be slightly less than the width of the insulation sheet so that the heat-insulating material fits tightly between the two bars. After that, the insulation is laid from the bottom up, and a windproof membrane is attached on top. The final stage is decorative finishing.

Installation of windows

Important! Despite the fact that glued laminated timber shrinks less than a log or profiled timber, it still exists, therefore, time must pass between the erection of the walls and the installation of windows.

Both wooden and plastic windows are installed in houses made of laminated veneer lumber. Installation of plastic windows in a house made of laminated veneer lumber is done as follows:

• The first stage is the layout of the window. The height of the window sill is made in the range of 90-130 cm. A lower height is unsafe, and a large one is inconvenient. Further, on the wall, the dimensions of the window structure itself are noted, from which the dimensions of the casing are laid aside - 2.5-5 cm (the thickness of the board). The thickness of the window carriage into which the frame is inserted is also taken into account. In addition, add 1.5 cm for polyurethane foam.
• Further cut out a hole for the window... This is done with a circular saw. After cutting, you need to cut off all the split areas. Then the hole is checked for level and its edges are ground.
• After that the tree treated with antiseptics.
• Construct a casing... It will protect the window structure from shrinkage at home, which will continue throughout the entire period of operation, although less than at first. There are two options here, either the groove is cut out at the ends of the timber, and in the casing frame - a spike, or vice versa. The casing is made from planed and polished boards.

Attention! It is advisable not to use fasteners, especially self-tapping screws or nails, when installing a window for a window. The casing frame must move in the opening so that it can soften the load on the insulating glass unit from the shrinkage of the house.

After that, the window is installed. If the unit is flap, then the flap is removed and the frame is first installed, and then the flap is hung. If the window is not sash, then help is needed, since the weight of the window is quite large.

• The frame is inserted into the opening, leveled and tacked in several places.
• Next, the glass unit is finally leveled and screwed simultaneously on the right and left.
• The installation of windows in the house made of laminated veneer lumber is completed by foaming the gaps.

Advice! If you have no experience of such work, then it is better to contact specialists. Of course, you have to pay, but you will get a well-done job with a guarantee. If you are confident in your abilities, but have not yet installed the windows yourself, you need to consult a specialist.

Glued laminated timber is a modern material, and building a house from it is easier for many reasons than from other sawn timber. However, it also has its own characteristics. It is important to observe geometry during construction, and if the house is assembled according to a finished project, do not deviate from the instructions.

The main activity of our plant is the production of houses from profiled laminated veneer lumber and the sale of related sawn timber. Manufacturing of houses is possible both according to standard and individual projects. Development of the section of design documentation (wooden structures) is carried out in the office in St. Petersburg. Ready-made houses are delivered to different regions of the Russian Federation.

Construction is also one of the main activities of our company. It is possible to assemble the house kit in the "Warm contour" option - it includes the foundation, the assembly of walls, the installation of a roof with insulation, the installation of communications, underfloor heating, the installation of doors, double-glazed windows, etc. The result is a house completely ready for interior finishing. The price of our houses (the house kits themselves) depends on the choice of the section of the timber, as it is calculated by the volume of lumber in cubic meters.

It takes several months to build a house from laminated veneer lumber. You can discuss the cost and buy a house kit throughout the year. The sale is carried out at the head office of the company at the address: St. Petersburg, nab. Martynov, house 6.

Modern technologies have even penetrated into such a seemingly unshakable sphere like the construction of wooden houses. Many now prefer instead of stone and brick buildings, which until recently were in the first place in popularity, to build a house from laminated veneer lumber and its analogues.

Before making the right choice, each owner of the future house in which he will have to live should study what is good about this or that material. Why glued laminated timber, and not, for example, solid, or ordinary logs? The advantages are as follows:

• A house made of laminated veneer lumber is erected much faster than from any other material.
• Due to the fact that there is practically no shrinkage, it is possible to carry out finishing work and even move in almost immediately after the end of construction work.
• The unique connection method does not require additional work on insulation and sealing, besides, such houses are very economical in terms of heating costs.
• The technology by which glued beams are made provides for several degrees of protection from possible troubles at once. It includes processing the material with an antiseptic, antibacterial agents and fire retardants. This triple protection significantly reduces fire hazard, fungal and insect damage, and also ensures the environmental friendliness of the structure.
• It does not require any special work on external finishing, only periodic processing with protective varnishes.
• Durability.
• Simplicity and compatibility make it possible to implement projects of any degree of complexity.

There is hardly any other material with so many positive properties.

Flaws

It would not be fair to omit this section. However, it will be much shorter.

• The first thing you have to think about at the design stage is the price. Glued laminated timber is somewhat more expensive than profiled timber.
• The second is the need for periodic processing of wooden structures, especially from the outside, in order to extend their service life.

This is where we will end. The rest of the shortcomings are not so significant and are easily resolved as they arise, in order to draw attention to them.

How to build a house from laminated veneer lumber in 9 steps

During construction, there is a risk of making mistakes, which will then be very difficult, and sometimes impossible to correct. To avoid this, you need to think over everything to the smallest detail, starting with documentation and approval in the necessary authorities, and ending with a housewarming party, cheerful and crowded. All this can be done in just 9 steps - the path is not too long, but it requires attention and hard work, especially if you decide to build a house from glued laminated timber with your own hands.

Step 1: Project

The initial stage, which is one of the most important. He will not only help in the construction process to do everything correctly and efficiently, but also bypass all bureaucratic obstacles. It is much easier to obtain almost all permits at the design level than in fact of an already erected structure.

However, not everyone has the talent of an architect. What to do in this case? There are four options at once:

• The Internet is full of all kinds of projects for all occasions and you can download them absolutely free. But there are several pitfalls here. And the biggest of them are the inconsistency of the foundation with the type of soil on your site and the difficulty of summing up communications.
• The second one flows smoothly from the first method. Download the project from the Internet, and then modify it in accordance with your conditions.
• The best option is to order the development of a house project from laminated veneer lumber in a construction company, which will then supply you with building materials. Their experts will offer you a variety of ready-made projects to choose from, which they will gladly make changes as you wish. This is somewhat more expensive, but there will be confidence that all the nuances are taken into account.
• If you have any special wishes for your future home, you can order an individual project developed by specialists from the very beginning, but this will cost about 30% of the entire construction estimate.

The option of attracting a construction company is also good because their legal services will help settle all issues with the BTI, the administration and other bureaucrats.

Step 2: foundation

Depending on the type of soil on the site where you are going to build your house, and on the project of the house itself, given its area, the location of the rooms and how many floors it will be, a certain type of foundation is poured. It also takes into account the fact that glued laminated timber is much lighter than some other types of building materials, which means that the foundation is not poured so powerful, which leads to significant savings.

Another positive factor: for the construction of a brick or cinder block house, the foundation is usually poured in the fall, allowed to settle until spring, and only six months later they begin to build the house itself. It is possible and even necessary to work with laminated veneer lumber in winter.

Step 3: the first crown

Laying the first crown is one of the most crucial moments in building a house. Here is a step-by-step instruction on how to do this correctly:

• The timber for the first crown must be of coniferous wood.
• It is recommended to apply at least three layers of antiseptic to it.
• The first crown is laid only on a perfectly flat foundation.
• It is necessary to lay a waterproofing material under the beam itself.
• The bar is fixed with anchors, pins or metal crutches.

Step 4: subfloor lags

Simultaneously with the first crown, sub-floor logs are installed. If the area of ​​the house is not very large, the logs are fixed to the timber using metal corners. With a large area under the logs, additional supports should be formed.

Step 5: assemble the box

If the construction company in which you ordered the project first, and then a set of glued beams, immediately sawn and formed according to the required dimensions, fulfilled all the conditions and wishes, making the box yourself is not difficult. Each element has already been numbered in accordance with its place in the blockhouse, it remains only to carefully put it in place, not forgetting to lay the heat-insulating material, if it is provided for by the configuration of the connecting profile.

If you bought a regular glued beam, and you are going to do all the work yourself, you will have to choose the methods of longitudinal joints (in half a tree, in a paw, on a root spike), corner joints (on a root spike, on a plug-in spike, a frying pan, in a bowl). Learn to cut out connecting grooves and think over how to fasten the timber together (with self-tapping screws, dowels).

Mounting of timber floors also requires special calculations. If there is an ordinary attic or an unused attic above the residential floor, the load on them will be insignificant and the beams can be fastened to a metal support.

If the house is two-story, the floor beams should be installed directly into the timber. The distance from the beams to the heating pipe is also taken into account.

Step 6: roof

Due to the fact that the shrinkage near the house made of laminated veneer lumber is minimal and practically does not play any negative role, the rafters can be installed almost immediately after the construction of the box. And then cover the roof with the selected roofing material.

Step 7: individual elements

Windows and doors. This is another positive property of laminated veneer lumber houses. A window for the installation of door and window openings is not required. The casing is more aesthetic than functional.

Final laying and connection of communications. This includes sewerage and water supply and heating.

Installation of vertical supports, if provided by the project. Again, due to slight shrinkage, no difficulties arise here either, but experts still advise using sliding fasteners to them, with which it will subsequently be possible to adjust the height of the supports.

Step 8: interior decoration

Interior decoration is absolutely optional. Glued laminated timber itself looks quite aesthetically pleasing, but no one forbids gluing wallpaper on it or attaching drywall. There are only two factors to consider. Interior decoration is a more accurate matter and therefore even such a small shrinkage as in a house made of laminated veneer lumber can affect. This is the first thing. Second: after applying plaster or gluing decorative tiles, you should wait at least 5-6 months.

Step 9: exterior finishing

If a house made of laminated veneer lumber does not need interior decoration, then decorating it from the outside is generally somehow strange. He already looks stylish, rich and presentable. However, a certain front of work is still necessary and it comes down not only to processing with special means that extend the service life. So:

• Caulking seams (optional).
• Sealing gaps (only if they appear)
• Insulation of door and window openings (urgent need).

As you can see, the amount of work depends primarily on how well you built your house.

How much is

It is impossible to give a specific figure in response to this question - there are too many factors that influence it. But it is quite possible to list the factors themselves:

• The dimensions of the building.
• Foundation type.
• Complexity of the project.
• The section of the bar.
• Number of floors.
• The presence of a balcony, veranda, attic.
• Roof type and configuration.
• The number and complexity of communications.
• Cost of documents.
• Transportation and shipping costs.
• The price of the material itself.

As you can see, this list does not include the costs of construction work and payment of the construction crew. This is because there are more and more houses made of glued beams built with their own hands. We are sure that you can cope on your own if you have the desire, hard work and the required amount of time.

Nice view, long service life, ease of construction - these are the main criteria for building materials and technology. Of all the wall materials available today, glued beams are especially prized. This modified material created from natural wood and having a higher quality compared to solid timber Let's look at the main stages of building a house from this material and learn all about its advantages.

Cottage design

At this stage, the client's budget is critical. If funds allow, you can design a house from laminated veneer lumber of any configuration and complexity. You should not save on the project, since the comfort of living in the future house depends on it. When purchasing a laminated veneer lumber, it would be ridiculous to order a cheap house project from architects who accidentally come across. Competent execution of design work makes it possible to optimize costs for the construction of a building and its subsequent operation.

Site preparation

First you need to remove shrubs and stumps on the site, level the site. Depending on the type of foundation used, you need to carry out the corresponding excavation . It is necessary to provide an entrance for heavy equipment, organize power supply construction site. At the same time, geological surveys are carried out, a plan for laying the foundation is determined.

Foundation construction

House on screw piles

Having determined the appropriate type of foundation for the house based on the data obtained in the study of the composition of the soil, they begin to manufacture it. In the case of a house made of laminated veneer lumber, it will be either a strip or pile-screw foundation. All other things being equal, the foundation on screw piles is much cheaper and easier (faster) to manufacture.

The strip foundation is a traditional solution, so there will be no difficulties with its construction. But its cost is quite high. You can save a significant amount by choosing a pile-screw type of foundation.

They are much cheaper than a monolithic or prefabricated strip foundation. To install them, you do not need to dig a trench and level the site. Installation is possible on almost any soil, regardless of the season. It will take only 1 day to build a medium-sized cottage. This is a fairly rigid and solid foundation that can provide the stability of a wooden building. At the same time, in order to buy screw piles or order installation, you just need to call and send a plan of the house by e-mail.

House kit installation

Glued laminated timber is supplied as a ready-made house kit. All elements are established on the principle of a constructor. First on top of the foundation is established a strapping board, then the lower rims of larch are laid. After that, the walls are assembled from laminated veneer lumber, connecting every 3 crowns with wooden dowels. A linen seal is placed between the crowns to completely prevent the walls from blowing out. In the manufacture of window and door openings, a casing board is used, thanks to which windows and doors can be installed directly after erecting the box.

Roof fabrication

In a house, a roof is most often made of laminated veneer lumber from metal tiles or bituminous shingle. If you choose a metal roof, then it will be cheaper and will have a long service life. However, in winter, a large amount of snow is often blown off such a roof, so it is unsafe. In addition, it does not possess soundproof properties. But the bituminous shingle has higher noise and thermal insulation, high tightness, a rough surface that protects against sudden snow melting.

The main element of the roof structure is the rafters, on which is established lathing or flooring. Vapor barrier, waterproofing and insulation are laid on top. After styling metal tiles or bituminous shingles, they begin to install gutters and hem the cornices.

Exterior decoration

Competent decoration of a house made of laminated veneer lumber allows you to protect it from the harmful effects of sunlight, rain, wind. For this purpose, hydrophobic compositions and antiseptics are used, as well as varnishes that give the wood protection against the above unfavorable factors and a more noble appearance. To protect the ends of the timber from cracking, they are processed appropriate impregnations.

Installation of utilities

Electric cables, heating pipes, elements of water supply and sewerage systems are laid in the house.

Interior decoration

At this stage, the laying of flooring, wall cladding in the bathroom and in the kitchen, installation of suspended or suspended ceilings is carried out. In a house made of laminated veneer lumber, it is possible not to carry out interior finishing work, since the walls themselves have ideal geometry and a beautiful appearance.

Having built a house of laminated veneer lumber, you can immediately settle in it, since its walls are not subject to significant