Homeland household orchids, main secrets of care for them. Description of orchid and where her homeland is homeland house orchids

The most beautiful and expensive flower on the ground - orchid. She was born in the place of the planet, where nature would not be bought on the beauty and wealth of the world. The birthplace of orchid, bedroom beauty, so loved many - tropics. In these wet and rich forests, more than 90% of all the well-known types of orchids are found their birth. Orchids are found everywhere, they managed to take root in the most unusual corners of the Earth and will adapt to different conditions and climate. The varieties of this delightful flower have a huge amount - about 25,000. All of them are different, some shook the eyes with the generosity of their bright decoration, while others are modest and unobtrusive.

They began to appear in our homes relatively recently. Orchids - creating fragile, wounded and demand a careful relationship. But how to properly care for a flower, which grew up in such an unusual climate? The homeland of orchid room is a subtropical and tropical zone, and this is wet and air saturated with air. In it, the thick crown of high trees reliably saved the gentle flowers from the burning sun and winds, the air was always warm, and the light day lasted at least 12 hours.

Tropics in your home

If you decide to acquire such a wonderful flower at home, it is worth taking care of creating akin to it. The birthplace of orchid is rich in warm, light and humidity. The air temperature should be within 20-25 degrees. If the air temperature decreases, the plant may not bloide or even get sick in time. Orchids are gentle plants, and flowering takes away a lot of strength. If the plant is weakened, and the blooming is already thrown, it is better to cut it.

The flower is light-chap, but the straight rays of the sun will be destructive for him. In winter, it is better to place a plant on the south side of the apartment, and with the onset of the summer to transfer to the eastern or western zone. When the day is reduced, it will be necessary to provide a flower with an additional light source. For these purposes, you can use a luminescent lamp. Position it at some distance from the plant, orchids are at least 11 hours a day.

Mustional moisture

Wet forests - the birthplace of orchids. The indoor favorite in your house humidity will not be enough. To organize her optimal conditions for life, place it near the aquarium or simply put a tire with water. As water evaporates, the flower will receive a lifeless moisture from the air. The plant needs to be moistened with water from the sprayer, but so as not to wet flowers. Water should be used distilled or boiled, it should be soft, warm and tough. Water plays an important role in the life of an orchid, it is not only a meal, but also a temperature controller.

Moderate watering

Watering the plant in the summer you need every 3-7 days, in the winter - no more than once a week. The land should not be wet constantly. In between irrigation, it should dry out. The birthplace of Orchid sometimes replaces the torrential rains on the drought. It is during periods of stagnation insects fly to pollinate flowers, and orchid is preparing for this in advance. If we water watering less often, the plant will start planning flowering.

Watering can be combined with feeding, 1-2 times a month is quite enough. For fertilizer, special complexes are used for orchids. During irrigation, make sure that the water does not get into the sinuses in the leaves and the point of growth. If this happened - remove the water with a cotton wand.

When watering, it is necessary to moisturize the substrate in which your orchid is growing. TOOL WATER WATER in a circle, excessive water must fully drain into the pallet under the pot. We drain it from the pallet and repeat watering again.

Phalaenopsis

Falenopsis is the most undemanding orchid. It was she who allowed to take a decisive step forward by professional flowes, and in dignity took one of the most prestigious positions in many oranges. Motherland - Northeast Australia, Philippines and Southeast Asia.

Plants have huge flowers similar to the moths. Their color can be the most different, and the flower is made from wax. Phalaenopsis does not require much humidity and temperature drops. He is hardy, blooms twice a year, and its flowers do not fade several months. Phalaenopsis have another unusual feature. They can form processes - kids in the sinuses of the flowers. When such an progestoits roots, it can be separated and transplanted into a separate substrate.

Soil for orchid

The birthplace of houseplants orchid is very unusual, and it sometimes has to adapt even to the colors. Almost all orchids are epiphytes, they grow not on earth, but in the air in the trees. They do not need soil at all. Their roots mastered photosynthesis, therefore they are better grown in transparent pots.

The mixture can be easily prepared independently. To do this, the dry pine bark and dried bark will need to boil, dry, and after a few days, repeat the boiling procedure. After drying, the bark is crushed into small pieces and mix with moss. "Earth" for orchid is ready. With a special desire, it is possible to use the Earth. In this case, in equal parts mix soil, sphagnum and pine bark. This is such a comprehensive unusual orchid. The birthplace of the plant and he invented a very extraordinary one for her.

Other species

We stayed today on the most extensive types of orchids and how to create conditions for comfortable stay in your home. But when buying a flower, it is important to consider that there are still remaining 10% of colors that are not natives of the tropics. Such plants approach should be different. The birthplace of the orchid flower may turn out to be completely different, therefore care will need to provide the appropriate. What is good for one species may be destructive for another. Because, find out the seller all the subtleties and nuances of care of this amazing plant before buying.

Orchid is deservedly called exotic beauty. Her unusual structure and bright color is caught with admiring eyes. However, few people know for sure where the birthplace of orchid plants. This information will be useful to those flowers that will be solved on the room growing of these beautiful colors.

Description of type

In nature, there is an amazing type of plants, which can settle on their fellows and to get along wonderfully with them. Epiphyts are a form that cannot grow without support. In the case of orchids, stumps and trees appear such support. Epiphytes feed on their own from the environment, and not at the expense of the plant on which they settled.

In nature, they themselves care about themselves, but at room content still have to create suitable conditions. Orchids are calmly relate to the lack of sunlight, can withstand the differences of temperature and humidity - the nature of rainforests taught them.

Motherland flower

A beautiful plant was called from the ancient Greek philosopher of the theofora. In the V century BC, this wonderful copy was found in the Italian city of Verona. Finding the original plant with unusual roots, the thinker called him orchis. In confirmation, there is a work of the theofratest in which the flower is described in detail.

Homeland flower can be called Chinawhose people put the plant with the ability to deal with evil spirits. The inhabitants of the Middle Kingdom brought beautiful flowers to the house and eventually learned them in time. It is in China and Japan that more than 4 thousand years have been growing safely. In Europe, it fell only 200 years ago.

To grow a houseplant in all the rules, it needs to create conditions that are optimally close to natural. They consist of providing 10 hours of daylight lighting and air temperature not lower than 20-25 °. Despite the fact that in nature, the epiphets have to fight for the place under the sun, with room content of the plant, attention and special soil requires.

Where the birthplace of orchids, the sun's rays are rare guests penetrating through the violent greens. Plants are forced to fight for lighting and climbing as much as possible. In room conditions, the flowers require scattered light.

Orchid Falenopsis Blowed: What to do with a color-cutter further

It is known that the time of flowering takes away from representatives of the flora a lot of resources. If, due to any circumstances, the plant is weakened - it should be cut off the flower. Residents of the tropics are accustomed to a hot and wet microclimate, so in addition to the temperature, a proper level of humidity should be ensured.

Orchid plants feel great in the neighborhood with aquarium. Alternative to fish tanks can perform a home fountain, water dishes or humidifier. Will not be superfluous. For these purposes, a warm boiled moderately rigid liquid is suitable.

All orchids require a special irrigation regimen. In the summer season, the soil is required as needed. It can be 2 times a week. In winter, it is reduced by watering up to 1 time in 7-10 days. The root system of the plant should not be in a wet state. Between irrigations, the soil must succeed.

Together with watering, often carry out feeding fertilizers. Twice a month such a procedure will be enough. Special fertilizers for orchids are chosen as feeding. When watering, avoid falling fluid to inflorescences, Growth point and sinus leaves. If this happened, moisture can be removed with a cotton wand.

The orchid irrigation procedure is as follows: generously watered the pot on the circumference and give excessive stroke. After that, water is drained from the pallet and repeat watering again.

Variety of varieties

Science is known many species and groups of orchids. Fallen flower is quite difficult to navigate in them. Cultural flower growing includes such types of orchids:

• epiphyts;
• saprophytes;
• herbaceous;
• lithophytes.

Room Care Vanka Wet Care

In addition to these groups, such varieties of orchids are distinguished:

• Lelia (red, double-edged, magnificent, etc.);
• Cealth;
• Phalaenopsis;
• Makodes;
• Epidendrum, etc.

Lovely phalaenopsis

Phalaenopsis is the most popular variety that is suitable for growing at home. This is one of the unpretentious species that loved flows. However, it is necessary to create some conditions for it.

The country of origin of the orchid of phalaenopsis is Australia and the Philippines. These plants have large inflorescences resembling moths. They are so perfect that it seems as if they were made of wax. The color scheme is very extensive. When creating optimal conditions for phalaenopsis, there is no need to ensure temperature differences.

During the year, you can observe beautiful bloom twice. It pleases that the time of flowering lasts for several months. Flowers are formed with root processes that can be used for reproduction.

The origin of the flower led to the necessary composition of the soil. In the homeland, the plants for orchid peculate the roots using photosynthesis. For this reason, transparent containers are purchased for epiphytes.

The originality of the soil for phalaenopsis and other orchids is that it does not include the soil in the usual understanding. These are fragments of the bark of trees and Moss Safagnum. Most often used the bark of pine, which is subjected to boiling, drying and grinding.

Today, few of the beginner gardeners know, orchids from where they originated. After all, to render this creepy flower worthy care, it is recommended to ensure the conditions of detention, similar to the natural ones. Therefore, if you decide to start a similar plant in your flower bed, then you will definitely examine the entire history of its occurrence and competent development. So, what is this favorite of many owners?

Orchids are perennial graise type plants that are separated into two groups, namely ground and epiphytic growing in other living organisms. They came to our country from wet tropics of South and North America, and immediately won the hearts of millions of gardeners. Also, this flower is well evolving in the hot rainforests of Southeast Asia. If you do not know the whole history of orchids where it came from and what is necessary for her development, then you will definitely study all the nuances. After all, if this is not done, it is possible to grow a healthy "beauty" will not work.

Today there are more than thirty thousand varieties of this plant, but Botany continue to bring new, more unique, interesting, charming varieties. They develop around the world, with the exception of the northern countries, as well as the deserted terrain, since in these natural terms, no type cannot be survived. With a large variety of this type of plant, all individuals are endowed with an absolutely identical structure. Each copy has simple abanese-type leaves, and the flowers are characterized by three outer and inner petals. One of them in the people nicknamed lip, it differs from the fellow by his shape, the size, color. It does not matter orchid coming from where, this petal is absolutely in all kinds. The lip may have a bizarre form, it is it that attracts the attention of insects.

Varieties of orchids

This type of flower is characterized by its beauty, it is considered the most attractive among all existing plants. The main distinguishing feature is a rich variety of forms, odors, colors. A similar plant also has a long period of flowering, from one month to six months. Gems often come from a millimeter to a whole meter, it all depends on the variety and habitat conditions. Some species resemble stars, other animals, and the third at all opened palms or eyes. No matter how much orchids come from, since the same instance can grow completely equally in different countries.

Also, this wonderful, by all the favorite type of flower can fascinate with its modesty, such as, for example, often found in the wild forests "Night violet" or a biblical luban. Its gems can have a different shape, they look like marble or crystal. Regarding the color, then there is just a sea of \u200b\u200bdifferent colors, from bright yellow to the tiger, as well as pastelly pink.

In the tropical forests there is a special appearance of this beautiful flower, it is called "precious orchid". It is characterized by a plant with unspecified gems, but at the slightest movement of the wind, when the orchid move, its petals emit a bright overflow of a unique color. This kind of truly fascinates. It doesn't matter what are the orchids from where they come from, because every copy is wonderful and attractive in its own way.

How to grow orchid at home. Required conditions for growing home orchid. Growing phalaenopsis.

Family: Orchid (Orchidaceae).

The number of types of orchids: About 40.

Motherland Orchid: Southeast Asia.

Description of orchid phalaenopsis

This is a socket monopoidal plant. In nature, they live in wet areas - on the shores of water bodies or on coastal rocks. They have thick roots round or flattened form, with which plants are scented to any surface. Orchid leaves are dense, wide, fleshy, dark green, are collected in a root rosette.

Fallenopsis flowers in size vary from 1 to 13 cm in diameter and in shape resemble a butterfly, from where it happened this name ("Palaenopsis" in translation from Latin means "butterfly"). Inflorescences are located in the sinuses of the leaves, up to 100 flowers may be on one blossom, depending on the variety. After a bunch of one inflorescence from lateral kidneys, new ones can develop. On the flowers of some varieties of orchids are formed by "kids", which are easily rooted. The coloring of flowers may be the most diverse, both monophonic and pins.

Two forms of phalaenopsis coexist - standard and miniature. Standard species reach 1 m in height, miniature - do not exceed 30 cm. It is precisely they are preferable for content in room conditions.

The timing of orchid flowering depend on the species, some of which can bloom three times a year.

Growing orchids. The necessary conditions

Temperature

The plant is heat-loving, the temperature optimal for phalaenopsis is 22-24 ° C. In the fall during laying of flower kidney, a decrease in temperature is required to 16 ° C for 1-2 months.

Lighting

Orchids prefer multiple light, direct sunlights do not endure. It is best to keep them on the eastern or western windows, but with good artificial lighting you can put a phalaenopsis in the depths of the room.

How to water orchid

Phalaenopsis do not like the convergence - their roots need a large amount of air, so watering should be moderate throughout the year. In order to avoid rotting the plant, it is better to water from above, but from the pallet or the method of immersing the pot into the water capacity. Water for watering should be soft.

Fertilizers for orchid

Orchids need regular feeding - in the summer twice a month in the usual dosage, during the rest of the time 1 time per month with a half dose. For feeding it is desirable to use a special fertilizer for orchids.

Period of rest

Not expressed.

Air humidity

Orchids are very demanding of high humidity. It must be supported by all methods - spraying leaves and air around the plant, installing a pot on the pallet with a wet filler, installation near the miniature room reservoir (font).

When spraying, it should be remembered that the falling water to the flowers cannot be allowed. In addition, the pulverizer should be the smallest so that the moisture formed a foggy cloud around the plant without setting on it with drops.

Orchid transplant

Plants are transplanted once every 2 years, in May. At the same time, the new container should be a little more old. The most important thing in transplant is not to damage the fragile roots of phalaenopsis.

The substrate for orchids need loose, rough, well-drained, so that the roots receive a sufficient amount of air. So, it can consist of a mixture of coarse sand, sphagnum moss, pieces of pine crust and pieces of charcoal in equal shares.

Orchid reproduction

On the stems of flowers formed "kids". When they reach a length of about 5 cm, they are separated from the parent plant and rooted in a substrate for orchids, sitting immediately into a separate pot.

Orchids are one of the richest types of family of plant world. Representatives of this family can be found almost anywhere in the globe: in rainy tropical forests, in savannas and in the steppes, in hot lowlands and in cold mountain areas, at an altitude of up to 5000 meters. However, the largest variety of species of the family of Yatryniki (orchid) can be seen in the tropical and subtropical zones of East Asia, as well as in Central and South America. It is these regions - the birthplace of most orchids that are divorced in us as indoor plants.

Brief history of cultivation of orchids
Orchids admired and they were collected in ancient China. 300 years before the Nativity of Christ Greek, Feofrast gave these plants the name "Orkhis", which means "testicles" and hints at the doubles thickened root tubers who have a European yatryshnik. Later this name was transferred to the entire family of plants in general. In 1731, the first tropical orchid was bloomed in Europe, brought from the Bahamas by some missionary. However, almost a century passed before the real hunt for these exotic seed plants began.

At the beginning of the XIX century, orchids appeared in England - they were used as a packaging material for other tropical plants. One day, the gardener and the importer of plants William Catley became interested in rickened parts of plants. He put them in a pot and a plant with unusually large, lush flowers grew up. It was an orchid. In honor of the man who opened the orchid Europe, the genus, to which the flower grown by him was named after his name - Cattleya (Latin Cattleya).
After this unusual find, many horticultural farms sent their "Hunters for Orchids" in the tropical regions of Asia, America and Africa. These people discovered and collected many new types of precious colors, but often they simply swallowed the Orchids from the places of their natural distribution. For a long time, exotic plants were sold under excessive, little affordable price, the cost of some copies reached 12,000 German stamps. And only when the gardeners managed, finally, successfully multiply these plants, the colors of the colors moved to the background. Today, almost 30,000 wild orchids and 150,000 crosses, so-called hybrids are known. However, today they open new types of orchids. In the early 80s in China, unknown views of the Venereic Shop with large flowers are very bright colors. Nowadays, all wild orchids are protected by the laws of environmental protection. Today, the task of gardeners and breeders, devouring orchids - to get many new species.


Epiphetic lifestyle
Most tropical orchids in natural places of growth are so-called epiphets: they settle on other plants, in the development and crowns of trees. The reason for choosing such a kind of residence is that the crowns of orchid trees can get more light than on the shaded soil of the rainforest. Orchids are not taken from plants - "carriers" nor water nor nutrients, and therefore are not plants-parasites. The nutrients are obtained using highly formed roots, from wet tropical air, as well as from the fine vegetable layer of the soil (humus), which accumulates on the branches and the bark of trees. Epiphetic lifestyle determines some peculiar requirements of orchids to climate and care that you need to know and perform to successfully grow these plants.


Other places of growth
In addition to plants-epiphytes, there are still many types of orchids, including tropical, which grows roots in the ground. This refers here, for example, most types of pafiopedulum (paphiopedilum), Cymbidium (Cymbidium) and calanthe (Calanthe). They are called even so many, earthly or terrestrial orchids. Another group of orchids is relatively smaller in size, stones and rocks prefers for their habitat. The most famous representatives of this group of plants are also called lithophytes - these are some types of Laelia (Laelia), the so-called Lelias.


Orchids - as beneficial plants
In the ancient sagas and legends, orchids often attributed a property to raise potency. Today, the most famous of, so to speak, "useful orchids" is a Vanilla Factory, Vanilla Planifolia. Without this plant, with its unmatched aroma, today it is impossible to imagine either food or cosmetic industry.