It is necessary to dilute the paint with a solvent. Preparation of enamels and varnishes, determining their viscosity. For artistic paints

Painting works are a variety of execution techniques, as well as the use of various adaptations, inventory and paints and varnishes. Before starting paintwork, it is necessary to rationally choose the color solution of the room. To carry out, both work indoors and external work, certain types of paints, varnishes, putty, etc. have been created, which, depending on the operating conditions, are characterized by components and characteristics. A significant segment of the market of paints and varnish materials occupy alkyd paints and enamels with a number of useful properties.

What is the composition?

The composition of alkyd painting materials largely determines the properties and characteristics of varnishes, paints and primers. In general, any paint material contains such ingredients as:

paint pigments;
various auxiliary substances;
diluents;
syccats - substances accelerating drying, etc.

As for alkyd paints, alkyd polymers (resins) are contained as a substrate agent. But on what type of resin, pentaftal and glyftalia binders differ, and, accordingly, the pentaftalia (marking - PF) or glyftale (GF) enamel, primer and varnishes are produced. In addition, on, in addition to traditional liquid, densely tested compositions are also produced (GF-013, PF-014, etc.). Enamel malarious material, or just enamel, is paint, through which it is possible not to obtain a matte, but a glossy or even a mirror surface.

The segment of alkyd materials includes paints having the following base:

olife (Marking - MA);
glyftaley and pentaftal varnishes (marking - GF and PF);
oil-phenolic varnish (marking - F).

These types of coloring compositions can be mixed with each other. In addition, for dilution or dissolution, the same solvents are used, as well as diluents, but in the preparation of the working surface when applied - identical primers and putty.

As for the methods of working with such compositions, then, as a rule, all pentaftal and glyftale enamels are applied in two layers using a roller or brush. With this method of applying, the consumption of the material will be, on average, 150g / m 2. Full drying paint PF or GF occurs after 24-36 h (similar to oil paints).

Solvents and diluents

When working with pentafthaleium and glyftaley materials, sometimes there is a need to dilute them to the desired consistency.

For these purposes, special diluents use. In the case of alkyd paints, diluting substances are also solvents, i.e. substances that are capable of dissolving enamel coatings. In turn, the purpose of the diluent is to dilute the paint and contribute to the creation of a uniform film. But solvent substances dissolve paints and enamels, then disappear, thereby weakening the paint coating. Such volatile substances include White spirit, turpentine, solvent and gasoline solvent, as well as special substances that serve as a solvent for certain painting materials.

The main diluent for paints based on alkyd polymers is a White spirit, solvent, turpentine, xylene, a gasoline-solvent NEFRA-C 50/170, RS-2, as well as a mixture of reagent data.

Depending on the type of material, diluents can serve different substances, for example:

RS-2, turpentine, as well as white spirit, solvent, or a mixture of two any diluents in a 1: 1 ratio serve as a diluent for enamel of PF-14, PF-1217.
White spirit dilutes Emale PF 1126.
RS-2, Skipidar, solvent (gasoline), White spirit, solvent, xylene, or mixtures thereof, perform diluents for enamels GF-230, PF-560, PF-115, PF-223.
Emal GF-1426 is dissolved to the required consistency, using both xylene and solvent, or using a mixture of any of the above with White-spirit.

When working with substances and mixtures that dissolve or diluting enamels, a number of nuances should be taken into account.

How to dilute?

Enamels of PF or GF are sold in ready to apply the form and with the degree of degree of degree, which in the best way corresponds to the composition of the material. However, in case the composition should be diluted, only the minimum amount of diluent must be added, for example:

If an outdoor painting is needed, then it should be diluted with finished paint, adding a diluent in an amount of no more than 3% of the total enamel.
For internal works, ready-made paint should be brewed by the amount of diluent not more than 5% of the total.
If you dilute the composition with a large number of diluent, the enamel flows (in particular, from vertical planes), forms drips. In addition, the operational characteristics of the paint and varnish coating are reduced.

It should be noted that the real composition and the percentage ratio of the ingredients in painting materials is not accidental and is the result of many years of experience. Therefore, the desire to make the quality of the painted surface better, adding a diluent in arbitrary quantities, often leads to a deterioration in the coating characteristics.

Before starting painting a car or its details, you must first prepare. If we lower the nuances of cooking equipment and clean the surface, it remains only to breed the paint. But here everything can be far from so unequivocally. We will discern - how to dilute the paint for the collapse.

Branded mixture

The essence is to use the manufacturer's instructions and its branded components. Practically - the best option, because There are no problems with compatibility and dosage. As well as with the purity of the components used. But there is one drawback - a high price.

What extent to breed paint?

First you need to install, the so-called, degree of paint content. Conditionally, this is the concentration of coloring substance, or, in more simply, the amount of the solvent already present. The higher the degree of fullness, the more can be diluted. Yes, and the process of staining with high-filled paint is easier, especially in the application for the car. This extent is ranked by the following notation (in order to increase fullness) - Ls, HD, HS, MS, UHS and VHS.

Types of solvents

Solvents also differ. First of all, this is the composition. Next, the degree of volatility, i.e. How quickly it evaporates. It is reasonable to stop the choice based on weather conditions. After all, even if the color is made in a room with controlled parameters, then the car will go out on the street much earlier than the deadline of full drying of paint. Therefore, for the cold season, it is wiser to use a solvent with high volatility, for a roast - with low, and in the mid-season with an average.

Economy on solvent

However, it can be saved on a solvent, using sufficiently cheap domestic counterparts. But for this you need knowledge and information about the type of paint used, otherwise the result can be deplorable. Up to full reps - when inappropriate material is used.

To know which solvent is to dilute the paint for the collapse, you need to know which paint is used. At the same time, they are the following types:

Acrylic - the most common option, uses a special hardener;
Alkyd enamel - in the automotive application is rare;
Nitro;
Water-emulsion - getting more and more distribution, due to environmental requirements.

Acrylic enamel

Consists of several components. Before painting, mixed with a hardener and divorces the solvent to the desired consistency. Considering the question - how to dilute acrylic paints, the best answer will be a special solvent, for them intended. But you can save and dilute the solvent P-12, or 651th. However, the savings will be small, because It is usually required only 10-15% of the volume.

How to dilute alkyd paints?

Alkid enamel can be breeding both solvent P-4 and pure toluene or xylene. Although the relevance of their use, in the automotive version, gradually decreases. With the tightening of environmental standards and can come together "No."

Nitroemali

In principle, nitroemali is not very critical to the solvent used. In any case, the manufacturer recommended by the manufacturer is better, but the 646th is successfully used. Just need to take into account - that this is a very aggressive type of solvent, therefore it is necessary to work with it.

We dilute the water emulsion paint

As can be seen from the type of paint type, it can be diluted with water, alcohol or ether. When using water, it is necessary to apply distilled. The fact is that even in fresh water there are many impurities, mostly saline. It is they who form white raids when drying. In addition, it is impossible to predict how they will behave in relation to the components of the paint.

With alcohols and ethers, not everything is simple. There may be incompatible options. In any case, you need to try on a small part to make sure that the paint will not be treated.

Theoretical Justification

In general, not quite correctly, in the context of the method of their use, the substances used to call solvents. Regarding - diluents. The main difference between them is that solvents should, roughly speaking, wash off the paint. And in diluners the task is different - they must increase the turnover of the coloring composition. But the majority of this kind of substances contain a whole set of different components, from whether they have universal properties. Therefore, they have long been called solvents in all cases.

Polarity

Solvents are polar and non-polar. It depends on the orientation of atoms inside the molecules. For example, water, this is a polar type. Benzene is notolary.

However, the composition of a typical license plate solvent includes many substances, therefore they can also have a different degree of polarity. To know exactly how to dilute the paint for painting a car, it is necessary to know exactly its composition. And this, due to the conservation of technical secrets manufacturers, is pretty difficult. Use the laboratory to determine the chemical station and the solvent selection is absurd. Therefore, there is more appropriate checking in practice.

In order to virtually check - it is enough to take a small part of the paint and add a solvent into it, then mix. If the paint did not curl (divided into small lumps), then the use of such material is already permissible. However, it can affect the mechanical strength of the final coating. Therefore, the diluted paint is desirable to apply on a test surface and let dry, then check its strength. If everything is in order - you can proceed to painting, using this material.

Scope of application

The most common and applied license plate - 646 . However, it must be treated very carefully, because As part of a large number of different substances. In some cases, it can affect the paint negatively. But its use for washing collapral is quite justified. It perfectly launders the tool from the remains of coloring material, almost any type.

White Spirit - This is the best option for degreasing the surface, when preparing for painting. But its use as a solvent is not the best option. But it is a wonderful diluent for some types of paints, but for others it is contraindicated.
Acetone - specific in application, both as a solvent and as a diluent. The fact is that acetone is effective only when working with polar substances. With non-polar, it does not react, consequently, its use, in this case, is useless.

Why better use corporate products?

These substances are used in them, hardly with high cost. But the correct ratio and the high degree of cleaning are already expensive. Those. The corporate solvent is accurately fully compatible with the paint, because the manufacturer knows its composition, and it can easily choose the appropriate option, and this is especially important when painting your car with a kraskopulture.

In addition, cleanliness is important for use as a diluent. Simple solvents sold in stores for domestic use can have quite significant pollution. What ultimately may affect the quality of the received paintwork.

It is also important that additives are added to the specialized compounds, to improve various properties. In general, these are retarkers who slow down evaporation, which allows more efficient paint to spread. Also, components that connect the pigment paint can also be added, which increases the stability of the characteristics.

Outcome

Of course, the best option than using the diluent recommended by the manufacturer is not found. But you can try to save on the use of cheaper components. With sufficient knowledge and practical verification - it is possible to obtain the results at all. But savings will remain.

How and how to breed a water-emulsion paint? This question arises quite often. The right solution is a guarantee of reliable and durable coating and the lack of complications during operation.

When it is necessary to dilute the water-emulsion formulations

The water-emulsion is the composition based on water. In it, in the form of small droplets there are various fillers that give the material end properties. As the solution is applied to the surface, part of the fluid absorbed, and the part evaporates. Due to the rapid removal of moisture, the protective layer is formed after a short period of time. Final drying depends on the surface material.

Now for sale there are various options for water-level (water-dispersed) paint. Many manufacturers produce products under their trading stamps. Therefore, it is advisable to breed the mixture taking into account the individual characteristics of each variety in the following cases:

If after opening it is found that the solution is too thick, then it must be diluted. Determine that the consistency is not suitable for applying, quite simple: for this, the composition is well mixed. If a large number of products remain on the stirring item, which does not flow back, then the use of the solvent is necessary.

Diluting paint It is important not to overdo it, since the thickness of the film during the dilution of the composition decreases, which means that the operational characteristics of the coating are reduced

If the tools used are difficult to apply the thickened composition. The process is carried out by manual and mechanically:
- For the first option, tassels and rollers are used. Manual processing of walls and ceilings requires that the structure of the mixture is more viscous. Then the uniformity of the layer is ensured and the lack of drills, which arise due to the fact that the paint is too liquid.
- The second method is the use of a pulverizer. Such an adaptation greatly facilitates the process and allows you to perform work on large areas. The peculiarity of the tool is that the coloring solution under pressure passes through the nozzle, due to which the suspension lies more flat on the base. Therefore, for use, the consistency of the composition should be liquid. Compared to the previous version, viscosity decreases 1.5-2 times. The exact proportions depend on the tool model and the type of paint.

With violation of the storage and use of products. It happens that packaging after discovery is loosely blocked. If you do not correct the situation on time, then the material will be completely unfasteless. But at a certain stage, when the mixture has not yet managed to dry, it can be restored.

On a note! If the composition is liquid, it can be corrected by two methods: give water a little evaporate or add a hardener. The second way is more complicated, it is used in cases where the paint originally does not have the desired consistency.

Paint breeding water

The right choice of diluent is the key to success. There are many tips and recommendations for the use of various substances for this process. But the only right solution will be the use of water, since it is the basis of products.

For the best dilution, the liquid must advise certain parameters:

Attention! The Council is found that breeding can be carried out using solvents used for enamel or oil paint. It is not right. If such a substance add to the water-free, then often the mixture is simply folded. At the same time, the reaction may not appear immediately, which is misleading.

Proportions

The greatest problems (especially those who do all work independently and without experience) arise due to proportions. The fact is that there is no clear ratio, followed by parameters that each specific manufacturer indicates a label.

On a note! Excessive dilution practice unfair masters. This allows you to facilitate the laying of each layer, reducing the decorative effect. In addition, if the purchasing is not the owner of the apartment, it makes it possible to increase the estimates.

How to breed paint?

To dilute the water selected material, there is no need to use complex equipment. To work, a simple set of devices will be required:

pure capacity suitable size;
drill with a nozzle mixer;
little spatula (if you want to remove lumps).

Dilution scheme:

Paint is overflowing to the container. The process is performed carefully, the composition is slightly stirred.
Water is added gradually. Even taking into account the compliance with the proportions specified by the manufacturer, it is better to constantly check the viscosity.
After adding each portion, everything is carefully mixed. If no lumps are visible, it means that uniformity has not yet been achieved.

It should be borne in mind that the volume is influenced by the color, therefore it is added divorced in fluid.

Repair is a time-consuming process, which is sometimes delayed for a long time and because of this brings bad emotions. But if there are good and high-quality materials, you can quickly deal with this procedure. I always want to use materials that are well and quickly applied. One of them is a water-emulsion composition, but for some reason he may be thickened. How to dilute the water-emulsion paint? Read the tips on breeding material.

The water-making paint dries sufficiently. It is safe for people and animals located in the painted room. It can be used for walls and ceiling. The composition does not smell, so it is nice to paint, it is not necessary to ventilate the room.

Before work, you need to bring the surface to be painted in a prepared form, clear from clearly visible defects and primed.

The ceiling and walls, painted paint, paste air, "breathe". The surface after complete drying should be washed with a wet and pure cloth. After evaporation of water, a matte coating is formed.

The composition is very common and in demand due to such advantages:

low price;
fast drying period;
lack of smell;
ease of finishing work;
the ability to change the color yourself using the kernels.

On video: All about the water-making paint.

How and how to dilute?

Before staining it is necessary to check the thickness of the composition. However, during the repair, it can still happen that the paint dried or thickened a little. The question arises - how can the water-emulsion paint breed and is it necessary to dilute it?

In the instructions coming in the kit, it is usually indicated how to breed a water-free paint. It can be diluted with conventional clean water room temperature, and you can distilled, which goes without unnecessary impurities. For dilution, alcohol is sometimes used, but in most cases the paint is folded. It is better not to risk and use water. How to do it right below.

How to dilute the water-emulsion paint with water

If the plane you want to paint is large, and the paint needs a lot, then you can dilute in the container in which the paint was sold. If the finishing material needs a bit, then you can dilute into a small, but still clean capacity. In order to be more convenient to dilute with water with water-free paint, use plastic containers that are easily made from ordinary bottles.

If the repair work was dragged, and the container is open, then a minor amount of water can be added to the thickened composition. Remember that water is not considered solvent. Rather, call it a diluent.

Water-free paint should be diluted with water gradually, constantly stirring the composition to achieve the desired consistency. Paint must be completely stirred. Many believe that if you dilute with water emulsion paint, then the composition will become worse. However, after applying, the water evaporates and a smooth film remains on the wall, which does not harm the appearance of the surface.

Before you dilute the composition, you need to thoroughly mix the contents of the container so that all the paint has the same consistency.

The compositions are usually bred manually, but you can use an electrical drill with a construction mixer.

Is it possible to apply paint after dilution? Yes, it is only worth making sure that the composition is well mixed. When diluted, it is recommended to put the packaging on the newspaper so as not to spoil the finished floor.

For the ceiling, all components are bred to a thick species, since the composition applied to the horizontal upper plane will be very splashing. But the paint still should be not very thick.

Good dilution in deep and large containers contributes to the stirring by any long objects, such as a stick or board. Check if these materials are clean. Only in the case of a positive response can be applied.

For walls, they usually make more liquid paint, but you will have to increase the number of layers of the applied composition. Do not forget to pour the composition into a special pallet.

Fully dried composition no longer makes sense to dilute. Like any building material, it has properties, and when dried, he loses them. If the composition has a type of paste, it is recommended to dilute it with hot water. You need to add not 5%, as is done for new paint, but about 15%. Mix the composition, close and leave for 2 hours. This composition of the master is recommended to dilute in proportions 1: 1 with fresh paint to increase adhesion properties.

Manufacturers advise to change the consistency of the material and dilute it for more convenient work with the composition. With proper preparation of any building materials, work is quickly, difficult situations are created, on which the final result of the repair work depends.

How to work properly with waterfront paint (2 video)

The process of dilution of paint and brands (23 photos)

It is known that the repair includes certain nuances, without which it is properly punished, to attach the insulation or cover the walls of paint will not work. This also applies to the water-free paint that is required to pre-distribute. It is necessary to breed the water-making paint so that it is easier and high quality applied to the coating.

Water-emulsion formulations are desirable to breed in front of the painting ceiling, walls or other coating. If it is not divorced, it will cause a number of difficulties when applied - an uneven layer, a tubercle based on, divorces, and so on. Next, consider how to dilute the water-emulsion paint.

Features of water emulsion

Before starting to dilute the water-emulsion paint, it is worth learn what is the composition. Water-level paint is a paint material endowed with excellent environmental characteristics. The binding component of this composition is the water to be paint and divorced before use. That is why it can be safely applied to the wall and base of the ceiling, as the composition is suitable for decoration of the room and the inner part of the building. The advantages of water-emulsion paints are:

the ability to dye any types of surfaces (concrete, wallpaper, wood, drywall);
the environmental friendliness of the composition in which there are no substances harmful to health endowed with a resistant aroma;
durability - a tool with time will not turn and crack.

Such positive moments are considered weighty when choosing paint to cover the ceiling or wall coating. But is it necessary to dilute the composition with special solvents or water?

What is the water-emulsion paint - types of funds

Before diluting the water-level paint with water, it is required to choose its appearance correctly, because there are a large selection of this tool in stores. It is advisable to make a choice of funds before a hike to the store, reading the Internet with the advantages and negative parties of paint.

The choice of the desired paint directly depends on the place of work and the conditions of staining. Based on the composition, the remedy is the following types:

Latex. The most famous appearance is known for its functionality. After drying, the means of the wall or ceiling is allowed to rinse with water. And thanks to the substances present in the composition, it protects the coating from minor damage, cracks and scratches. Proper dilution of the means under which water is used, helps to smear the irregularities of the coating.
Acrylic. This species is made from pigments and acrylic resins, which provides the wall or ceiling coating strength and moisture resistance. However, these qualities make the tool more expensive. If the divorced composition is properly consistency, it will fall on the coating without divorces and will not leave traces from the brush.
Silicone. Such a means is made on the basis of silicone resin, which is mixed with water, which ultimately gives it the desired consistency. Proper breeding of the composition is a dense mass that easily lies and evenly covers the walls or ceiling.
Silicate. It contains pigments, alkalis and glass, which allows you to create a durable layer.
Polyvinila acetate. In its composition there is glue PVA. Such a means is cheaper, but less durable in comparison with the rest of the paint.

For staining of the walls and the ceiling, you need to choose correctly, which will be easy to apply, do not leave divorces and as drying it raises a smooth layer.

After familiarization with the water-emulsion, you can safely acquire the goods necessary for the repair. However, the correctly selected tool does not promise uniform and light coating. In order not to face difficulties when carrying out staining, it is necessary to learn how the water-emulsion paint is divorced.

Actions that need to execute before work

Poly-emulsion paint does not require surface preparation. If you purchased the composition for walls, they are only required to wipe from dust and remove the broken wallpaper. For staining the ceiling, it must first be cleaned with a scraper if the plaster is crumbled from the surface.

As you know, during use, it will evenly lie down and will not turn out. So that the surface coloring has passed successfully, it is necessary to prepare the following accessories in advance:

construction mixer;
clean water that must be room temperature;
koler to give paint the desired shade;
brush or roller for applying means for base;
clean capacity for breeding composition;
rubber gloves (although the paint is easily rubbed with water, it is still necessary to protect the skin of the hands).

Is it possible to use undergraduate tools for proper paint breeding? Not. In order for the remedy evenly and applied to the surface, a building mixer and other accessories are required to be used to prepare a water-based paint to apply.

Principles of breeding paint

Is it possible to dilute with water of water-emulsion paint? It is possible - as it is water in its composition, it creates a means. But to use chemical solvents is prohibited, as it will spoil the composition of the paint.

How to divorce the tool? To dilute the composition, it is not necessary to memorize a special technology. To properly perform breeding technology, it is recommended to comply with 3 basic requirements:

The volume of water used should be no more than 10% of the total volume of water-emulsion. If you opened the paint in advance, you can learn about its quantity on the package. If the tool was previously used, it will measure its quantity of fine dishes. After all, if the paint succeeds in liquid, it will drain when applied, which will leave ugly implications. And the gluoy layer will fall unevenly, and will also leave traces from a roller or brush.
Water-emulsion paints are bred only by clean water. Of course, no one will dial fluid from the ditch, but the presence of water impurities in it will deteriorate the quality and property of the composition. Therefore, in order to avoid troubles, the water emulsion is diluted with a predetermined liquid or use purified water.
Water must be room temperature. If you gain it from under the tap, you need to wait until the liquid is slightly warm. It is unacceptable to use hot water, as this may aggravate the condition and quality of the means. Water is needed 23-30 degrees.

Otherwise, the application of diluted paint does not differ from the use of other types of this tool. The main thing is to properly spread the water disposal so that it completely revealed its "technical" qualities. After that, it can be tried on a wall or a different surface.