Wooden 2-way beam in a frame house-building. Overview of the characteristics and application of foreign wooden beams in the construction of houses rough or floating floor

The 2-way beam is a standard profile with a cross section in the form of the letter "H", which is made of metal or wood, fiberglass and reinforced concrete. This beam is several times stronger and tougher than a traditional bar with a square or rectangular cross section. Products are used to install overlaps, bridge structures, automotive industry. Wooden 2-way beams are used for wooden house-building.

Application and manufacture of an 2-way wooden beam

The 2-way beam is made of durable and reliable wood. The product includes two shelves and plywood wall, which allows you to withstand the bending load several times more than the classic monolithic beam from the bar. Today it is a stronger and durable alternative to wooden floors, rafters in the home and roofing device.

Food beams are ideal for large spans and do not require supporting elements as classic beams. They provide maximum strength and rigidity of the structure, increase heat and sound insulation. Universal products are used for the construction of brick and block, wooden and frame low-rise and low-cost houses.

Wooden shelves, which are part of the product, are made from a high-quality, reliable and durable bar. The tree passes a special drying and processing by antiseptics. Such protective processing prevents the negative effect of humidity and condensate, temperature drops. As a result, the material does not crack, does not rot and will not cover the mold, the initial properties will preserve for a long time.

Benefits of material

• Lightweight provides speed and ease of installation. Installation does not require special equipment;
• Long service life;
• Environmental friendliness and naturalness of the material;
• High strength and rigidity;
• Allows you to overlap long spans without additional supporting structures and elements;
• A wide selection of sizes;
• Well maintains heat and does not miss outsided sounds;
• Resistant to moisture while compliance with drying and processing technology;
• Allows you to make individual holes for communication networks and wires, while maintaining strength;
• Reduces costs;
• Reduces the construction time and finishing of a wooden house;
• Reduces the weight of the structure, gives a smaller shrinkage and drying of the cut, than a traditional timber;
• Eliminates the appearance of cracks, shifts and skips of the finished log.

Installation of foreign beams

Before installing, it is important to carefully calculate and design the house, it will help determine the desired parameters and volumes of materials. Beams are installed at a certain distance from each other. Installation is performed using temporary fasteners, which are then replaced with stationary. It is important to carefully install the strapping and constant mounting elements. Only then go to subsequent work.

The beams form floors of the floor and the ceilings, which are placed by waterproofing. Then the structures are insulated and covered with a layer of vapor insulation. From above applied a layer of boards. It turns out a black floor or ceiling, which is then the finishing material.

Finishing materials in a wooden house use natural to preserve the environmental friendliness and safety of the structure. In addition, such products must have high sound and thermal insulation properties, differ aesthetic appearance and harmoniously fit into the interior.

Such a multi-layer cake is made for walls, ceilings and floors of a wooden house. It ensures reliability and durability of the structure. Protects from the effects of moisture and condensate, from the penetration of wind and cold, extraneous sounds in the room. In addition, the beams are used to arrange the rafting structures of the roof. How to install rafters for the roof in a wooden house, see.

Build Srub

Installation of wooden 2-way beams is included in the grazing assembly. The company "Marisrub" carries out the construction of houses with the installation of the foundation and roof, finish inside and outside, conducting and connecting engineering networks. We set and finish the floors, ceilings and walls. We carry out insulation, waterproofing, antiseptation and other necessary work.

We develop a project, select the lumber, high-quality fasteners and challenges. Masters of the company independently make a timber and log for the construction of the house, creating beams and other structural elements. Own production allows you to control product quality, offering low.

Today, residential buildings made of wood are most popular. Before each developer at the very beginning of construction, the task is as follows, which should be overlap in a wooden house. After all, they are necessary to ensure the strength of the roof, the uniform distribution of the inter-storey load, the stability of the walls of the entire low-rise building. This is the main purpose of overlapping structures.

In addition, their device largely ensures effective insulation of the entire dwelling and primarily the ceiling.

The following overlaps are known in the construction work:

Mounted between the living room and the attic. They must perform features such as vapor barrier and insulation. For inter-storey partitions, these qualities are not so important, for them the most significant factor is sound insulation. Basements, often not heated. Therefore, their overlapping devices must be made not only with increased strength, but also with high resistance to the effects of raw cold air. If the base is built for the garage, its ceiling does not prevent noise insulation.

The most important components of the beam overlap:

Primary requirements

The device carrier part over a constructive solution is beam or without the use of beams - monolithic. Boated overlaps in a wooden private house are practically not used. Their dignity: high strength, dampness resistance. For all operation time, the repair may not even need. But sound insulation in such a housing is not at a high level. Already the type of monolith marks the desire to make overlapping structures with their own hands. And the factory produces panels of standard sizes, which may not approach a specific span.

The developer is usually not hampered with the choice between wooden beam and monolithic overlap. Concrete structures are unpopular not only because there will be no good inter-storey noise insulation in the house. After a few years, for old walls, they will be excessive load.

Detailed scheme of noise insulation of wooden floors

Installation of metal and concrete structures, like their repair is impossible with your own hands. It is not necessary to do without the use of machines and mechanisms, as well as without attracting specialists who manage these means. And all this will affect the higher cost of construction of the whole house.

The beams are wooden, metal, concrete. But regardless of the material of the manufacture, to all of them the same requirements are imposed:

• to be durable, hard, not to be fed between the floors, to withstand the uniform load according to the joint venture 20.1333 - the set of rules from 2011 - at least 200 kg per square meter;
• provide insulation, laying materials on which interety sound insulation depends;
• hold the coating layer required to preserve heat through the floors;
• their installation should be as reliable as possible.

Methods of fastening beams

In order for the floor to be unwinding, the beams are not dotted, and in the grooves depth of about 70 mm, carved in the walls.

Options for mounting beams of overlaps

The number of carrier bars should be sufficient to ensure the strength of the entire inter-storey construction. An insulation material can be put between the bulk and the end, which will exclude the appearance of the squeak.

The top floor beams can be attached to the wall so-called swallow tail. To do this, they need to make a double-sided diagonal bar, which is inserted into the nest of the same form. True, the cross section of login decreases, and longitudinal cracks may occur in the cutting area. The rigidity of the support decreases, the lifetime of the overlap is reduced, and it means that the repair is approaching.

Wooden

Future homeowners are popular with a beam-based beam-based flooring device. It allows you to equip a fairly good insulation of the house. It has both advantages and disadvantages.

Wooden flooring diagram for home

Positive factors:

• nice appearance;
• relatively low weight;
• quick installation and subsequent repair;
• environmental purity.

• it is refined, a special impregnation is required;
• from temperature drops, humidity can be deformed;
• the tree is susceptible to rotting, influence of insects, fungi.

However, these shortcomings can be minimized, move the repair by applying special fire solutions and antiseptic agents. To fulfill fire safety requirements, wooden parts using asbestos are isolated from chimney. Between him and the nearest beam usually put a box filled with non-combustible material, for example, mineral wool.

Burlock rails are more suitable for deciduous or coniferous wood.

Option of the device overlapping in the house of the log

For the construction of residential premises, it is an environmentally friendly and relatively inexpensive building material. In addition, good sound insulation will be provided. Wood easily gives up processing and relatively inexpensive.

Installation of wooden floors on floors is possible in a short time and with their own hands, without the involvement of specialists and the use of lifting techniques.

Or need a device of a stronger overlap. If the beams are made of wood, then the distance between them needs to be done slightly less. In this case, it is better if they are metallic, and on them to lay the wooden floor of the entire first floor. They are at least exposed to adverse effects of the basement medium, so the repair will be needed not soon. When arranging the garage premises should not forget about such factors as noise insulation and a fairly effective insulation of the upper room.

Whole and glue

If there are no more than 5 m, then one-piece wooden beams are used, which are fully capable of providing the strength of the ceiling and equip the reliable floor. But they can be glue, for which there are no restrictions on length. They are superior to non-brace in the following parameters:

• high strength;
• long service life;
• lack of deformation;
• the ability to install overlapping in long flights.

In inter-storey floors, it is often left from the side of the ceiling open. Their smooth surface with an attractive pattern of natural wood decorates designer design. Its on floors are also not closed, as it gives a special attractiveness to the room. In the appropriate style it is necessary to place the floor.

It should be made of wooden boards, in color of harmonious with the design of the entire premises.

Loop

In widely used meal beam structures. Often they choose that the user who is worried about the insulation of his home and inter-storey sound insulation. The boutons are easy to make from a conventional glue bar. In shape they resemble two letters "T", connected on the basis. Replaced the mass of bearing beams, reduce the cost of time on the ceiling device and what is important, with their use, installation is possible in flights up to 15 m.

I-beans from the impact of moisture are not deformed, they will not need frequent repairs. With their use in the house with their own hands, remarkable inter-storey sound insulation can be equipped and fairly effective insulation. To eliminate the likelihood of the screenshot of the floor covering, they nourish the so-called black floor.

An example of foreign overlaps in a wooden house

The design is very convenient for laying communications on floors: electrical wiring, plumbing and gas pipes, ventilation.

Boards instead of beam

In construction practice, the ceiling device is applied, in which instead of bears, thick boards are used instead of carrying bars. Preferably, they are a cross section of at least 60x200 mm. The ends of them are embedded on the full thickness of the wooden wall. One from the other is strengthened at a distance of two times smaller than the distance between the beams from the glue bar or a rounded log. Installation of such a design is possible with non-strokes. Then the floor will be very steady, and the ceiling arrangement will require conventional materials to ensure insulation and create good sound insulation.

Example of mounting overlap board

This node is the most convenient solution for the device lag overlap in the house from the bar. The outer walls are strokes (the opening is done) at least 10 cm deep, optimally 15 cm. The space between the wall and the stalk of the 2-level beam from OSB-3 is laid by the insulation, or is fought.

1. Outdoor Wall of Bruus
2. Heater or construction foam.

Node 2. Fastening of bolts of bouts with brackets

The node is used if there is no possibility to drink beams on the bar from above. Lags are suspended on the brackets (bars supports) on screws / nails. The lower shelf of the beam "is shoved in the boot" support of the bar, the upper shelf is fixed with the structural corner. More technological, but also a more expensive way to fasten the simpson brackets for the entire height of the beam. Such brackets need to be ordered in advance. In places of support, foreign beams are filled to full cross section of plywood / OSB inserts or boards; The gap between the insert and the upper shelf of the heap must be 5 mm.

1. Wooden 2-way beams (main lags)
2. Wall of bar
3. Insert from OSB-3 / Plywood / board /, width 30 cm
4. Nails / Screws galvanized
5. Bracket Simpson for the entire height of the beam
6. Support Bruus
7. Construction corner
8. Mounting screw 4.0x30

Node 3. Support Brooks on a wall of timber

The node is used in case the above overlap will not be a brusade wall. For example, the frame second floor or the support of the rafter system is assumed directly on foreign beams. To the bruus, foreign beams are mounted with screws through the lower shelf at an angle of 30 degrees.

1. Wooden 2-way beams (main lags)
2. Block-beam
3. Bar Wall
4. Nails / Screws galvanized at an angle of 30 degrees vertically

Node 4. Support of bays for timber. Lags parallel to walls.

Standard node arrangement of extreme lags, parallel wall. The extreme lag is set at a distance of 3-4 cm from the wall, or close, but with pre-installation of sound insulation material between the wall and beam.

1. Wooden 2-way beams (main lags)
2. Brickwork
3. Filler (insulation or construction foam)

Node 5. Support beams on the inner walls.

The magnitude of the content of the 2-way beam on the walls is 10-15 cm. If the width of the inner wall timber is greater than 20 cm, the beams are installed "On-line". If the timing width is less than 20 cm, then the beams are installed "into the nailestone".

1. Wooden 2-way beams (main lags)
2. Brickwork

Node 6. Installing additional block beams on large spans.

1. Wall of bar
2. Inserts (plywood, osb, board)
3. Nails / screws
4. Block-beam
5. Construction Corner (8 pcs on 1 block-beam)

Node 7. Takeaway beams for the contour of the house. Consoles without load.

The node is applied if the consoles from foreign beams must be taken out of the loop of the house for creating, for example, a balcony or a porch. In this case, a large load is not supposed. The amount of removal of the console depends on the type of beam and from its height, information on the maximum removal of one or another beam can be obtained from our managers.

1. Wooden 2-way beams (lags)
2. Outdoor Wall of Bruus
3. Inserts (plywood, osb, board)
4. Nails / Screws galvanized
5. Plywood end element (moisture resistant)
6. Screws / Nails galvanized

Node 8. Takeaway beams for the contour of the house. Consoles with load.

With large loads on the console removal (from the walls of 2 floors or the rafter system), console ducts must be enhanced by plywood or OSB.

1. Wooden 2-way beams (main lags)
2. Block-beam
3. Wall 2 floors
4. Strengthening of plywood or OSB sheets
5. Nails / Screws galvanized
6. Nails / Screws galvanized at an angle of 30 degrees horizontally
7. Wall of bar

Node 9. Adjunction of "Jack" to the dual beam. Support on brackets.

The node is often found in the solution of a staircase and in cases where basic lags are necessary to hang onto the brackets to the beam from dual beams. In places of support, foreign beams are filled to full cross section of plywood / OSB inserts or boards; The gap between the insert and the upper shelf of the heap must be 5 mm.

1. Wooden 2-way beams (main lags)
2. Dual 2-way beams (Rigel)
3. Block-insertion (plywood / OSB / board)
4. Bracket Support Bruza
5. Construction corner
6. Nails / Screws galvanized
7. Mounting screw 4.0x30

Node 10. Device of a dual dual-vector beam (Rigel)

When mounting a dual dual-level beam used as a riglel, it is necessary to fill the central inter-brass space to the completeness of the section. In places of support, foreign beams are filled to full cross section of plywood / OSB inserts or boards; The gap between the insert and the upper shelf of the heap must be 5 mm.

1. Wooden 2-way beams (main lags)
2. Double 2-way beam (Rigel)
3. OSB Insert / Plywood / Board
4. Open support bar
5. OSB Insert / Plywood / Board
6. Corner construction 35x50x50
7. Mounting screw 4.0x30
8. Nails / Screws galvanized

Coniferous lumber are excellent building material. From the board / bar you can make almost any structural element of the house, or build a completely wooden cottage. The plasticity and versatility of wood allow engineers to invent innovative non-standard solutions that are opening more opportunities. One of these innovations is the premium-level beam.

Why do narrow materials

Everyone knows that the supporting abilities of the wooden elements of the building directly depend on the massiveness of their cross section. The more the load is planned, the larrter there should be a bar or board. In some cases, manual calculations or calculators show the need to use very large sections. Because of this, the developer arises a number of problems:

• Large lumber is expensive.
• Massive board / timber - weigh a lot and overload the supporting structures of the building (walls, foundation).
• A large cross section of the piltroduction, even dried, is prone to a deflection under its own weight, to cracking, to the charge.
• Sometimes it is not easy to buy a suitable sawn timber in view of various reasons.
• In an array of similar products, it is very often encountered with various natural defects, which reduce the strength characteristics of products.
• Complete work on laying hidden communications.
• The heat and sound insulation of the subsystems due to the large content of wood and the small content of insulating materials in a specific system is reduced.

In many respects, it is precisely for economic reasons and considerations of practicality, people began to experiment on the creation of large carrier elements from small sawn timber. For example:

• Boost wall timber from several boards
• Making a high rectangular secting from two small bars installed on each other edges
• Create roofing farms from a relatively thin bar
• Collect all kinds of brass contracts

What is a foreign beam

Code of steel or wood is used in construction for a long time. This is a generally accepted cross section of carrier elements, which in the form most associated with the Literary "N". Calculations show that such a geometry provides a much higher spatial stiffness than a square / rectangular product or, for example, a schuelller.

By the way, it is believed that the name of such a product comes from the Latin word "Taurus" - bull, that is, a twisted profile. In some European languages, similar material is called "H-shaped" (H-shaped) or "Double-T" (double T). We have abbreviation of BDK-1, which also means "bay of a bounter".

Wooden groups came to us from North America, where much is built on frame technologies. Now they actively conquer positions in the post-Soviet space. And you need to say, completely unsuccessfully.

Design and types of fresh wooden beams

Any 2-way beam consists of three elements. This is a combination that can be described by the formula:

• Upper belt from timber.
• Wall (or stand, bulkhead).
• Lower belt from the bar.

The elements of the beams work under load together, but the main task of the belt belt is to provide planes for the possibility of convenient installation, trim, the integration of beams in the construction of the house. And also the belt is not allowed to bend the beam beam on the short axis, do not allow the beam to curl. The wall is the edge of the ribbon, mainly ensures the resistance of the product to the deflection along the long axis, in other words - the main carrying characteristics.

Belts are usually performed from solid dry wood, in the overwhelming majority of cases in the course of the first, sometimes second grade. There are options using a bar, glued according to LVL technology - from a veneer like plywood. But they are still rare in our country. The nomenclature of the section of the bars is quite diverse, ranging from products 40x40 mm, up to 40x60 or 90x40 mm. Moreover, manufacturers in assembling beams can differently orient the bar in space.

The wall is mainly performed from two sheet materials: plywood or OSB. Some firms also make interesting models of beams, where instead of wooden-containing materials applies a galvanized professionalist.
The plywood wall is carried out, as a rule, their lanes of Birosis plywood FSF brand, which is characterized by excellent strength, moisture resistance, elasticity. The thickness of the ribbon rib from plywood is usually 24-27 mm. When using an oriented chipboard, OSB-3 goes as a rack into running, which, like Plywood FSF, is well opposed to moisture, shows decent characteristics by strength. The thickness of the OSP bulkhead is not so big, it is usually from 10 to 15 mm.

The height of the bulkheads together with the belts in the standard version is 200-250 mm. But also enterprises produce beams up to 400-450 mm high. The higher the product, the greater bending load it can withstand. Higher beams are no longer sense (due to significant losses in the volume of the internal space), it is better to increase the number of beams (reduce step - instead of 50 or 62.5 cm to 40 cm) or make less span by applying support elements. Alternatively, beams can be drunk in thickness using perforated plates or threaded ties.

Interesting technology for assembling such beams. It is performed by gluing. On the plywood band, double spike is pre-cut. The rack should be included in the belt by 15-20 mm. For mutual fixation of the racks and beams of beams, high-strength waterproof and heat-resistant adhesive for wood, such as "bracery". The gluing process often occurs under pressure, with careful control of the shutter speed of the given geothermal forms. As a rule, the compound is compliance with the provisions of GOST 19414-90.

The length of the beams of wooden with a cross section of a boutique in a standard factory version is usually from 4.5 to 6.5 meters. But, of course, you can order products 1-3 meters, or longer beams - in 8-9 or more meters. By the way, if you wish, you can always cut a long beam on any multiplicity at the facility, it is not difficult to make any carpenter tool.

Like any other sawn timber, wood beams are processed by antiseptics and flame retardant. Products intended for configuration of the formwork are painted by weatherproof durable paint, providing a large number of cycles of use.

Advantages of creating and using foreign wooden beams

• Increased supporting characteristics. It is possible to overlap big spans and reduce the arrangement step.
• Accuracy and stability of the form. Such products twist less, they do not dry, do not crack, do not swell. There are no problems with violins, with the adequity, saving, etc. Deviations from the claimed dimensions are minimal (about 0.5-1 mm in width, thickness and straightness of the faces / edges).
• The ability to get non-standard sizes floor Any conditions. Large selection of standard sizes.
• A small mass that is on average is about twice as smaller than the massive solid product with similar supporting abilities.
• Prefabricated beams from a bar and plywood / OSP there are no critical defects that would reduce strength.
• Improved fire resistance and biostability of the resulting structures.
• Reduced material capacity of glued beam.
• High degree of readiness, high speed mounting, can be mounted all year round. A regular carpenter tool is used, the lifting cranes are not needed. It is not difficult to perform a roughface, since the installation of cranial bars is not required.
• It is convenient to lay communication inside the structures, including through the beams. More space for insulation / soundproofing, you can apply a large layer of insulation. The insulation is perfectly held even without black binder due to the T-shaped form.
• It is possible to independently manufacture the n-shaped beam.
• You can grab ceilings and flooring directly on top of such beams.
• You can make a wall or monolithic belt, you can be attached to the brackets of the "beam holders" (for this one pre-between the belts near the ends are the additional plates from OSP or plywood).
• Universality in application.

Where used beams 2-way sawn timber

In fact, the scope of using such products is very wide, it is by no means limited to conventional inter-storey overlap in wooden cottages. Although this can be considered a classic genre for both wooden and stone houses of various designs. So, where they can be applied:

• Creating inter-storey floors.
• As a lag of the floor.
• As rafters of the pitched roof, as a skate.
• Walls of various frame structures.
• Production of long jumpers above the gate, panoramic windows,
• To perform monolithic works (riglels for placing horizontal formwork).
• Creating a vertical formwork, including for the implementation of monolithic columns.

For the arrangement of overlaps during the construction of the house, beams will be required. In private construction, wooden options are most often used. To select specific sizes, it is required to calculate wooden beams of overlapping.

Overlapping on wooden beams. Photo

What length do you need beams?

The required length of wooden beam overlap is determined by several points. Beams must block the span and have some reserve so that you can close them in the walls. If the walls are made of brick or concrete blocks, then the deepening of the beams is performed by 10 - 15 cm. The lower border for boards, top for a bar. In the walls of the tree, the deepening is made by seven centimeters.

In some options, beams are attached to corners, clamps and other devices. In this case, the length of wooden beams of overlapping is equal to the distance from one wall to another. Sometimes beams output 30-50 cm and they are involved in creating a roof skate.

Optimal beams made of wood for overlapping distances from two and a half meters to four. The maximum length that such an element can be covered with 6 m. Further, the strength is insufficient. For longer spans use options from glued timber or put additional supports, such as columns.

How to determine the load?

On wooden ceiling beams, the load is constantly acting from several components. The first term is its own weight of all parts that make up the overlap. The second term is the operational load. It is temporary or constant. The exact calculation is quite complex, but it is quite possible to apply a simplified version of the formula.

If the load is calculated to overlap the attic, in which they will not store anything, then the constant load is accepted for 50 kg / m2.

Operational load in this variant will be: 70 * 1,3 \u003d 90 kg / m2. 70 - Regulatory value for this attic, 1.3 - stock coefficient.

The total estimated load is the sum of the two named, i.e. 50 + 90 \u003d 130 kg / m2. Round and get 150 kg / m2.

These calculations suggest that light insulation will be used. If materials with a lot of weight or the attic will be used to be actively used for different purposes, the regulatory load acting on the overlap rises to 150 kg / m2. In this case, 150 * 1,3 + 50 \u003d 245 kg / m2. This value can be rounded up to 250 kg / m2.

When creating attic, the weight of the flooring and the basis of the floor, furniture, people are taken into account. As a result, the load is obtained from 350 to 400 kg / m2.

Overlapping beams: section and step

When the length of the beam length is known and the total load calculations are carried out, you can define the desired section of this part and the installation step that should be used.

When calculating wooden beams, the overlap is taken into account that the optimal variant of the section is rectangular. Height and width must have a ratio of 1.4: 1.

The width of the beams varies from 4 cm to 20, and the height from 10 cm to 30. The height is trying to choose such so that it is convenient to lay the insulation.

On the section of the wooden floor beams affects such an indicator as the step with which they fit. Usually, the wooden overlap beam step is in the range from 60 cm to 1m. But it may vary at a smaller side of up to 30 cm and in a large up to 1.2 m. Sometimes the step is selected by the width of the plate insulating material. In frame buildings, it is tied to the step of frame racks to ensure maximum stiffness.

Online calculators that are widely represented on the Internet are suitable for verification and calculations.

Economical overlap version

Economical is called overlap consisting of wooden shields. These parts are with a trim from one or both sides. They are connected by S. karcasthat helps them well withstand all vertical loads. Shields are carriers only when they are securely connected to frame boards. The boards are turned edges to shields and are connected to these surfaces. As the ribs from the boards and the casing are firmly connected into a single design, they have a carrying capacity of no less than the wooden beams of overlapping.

Excellent material for trim are construction plywood and slabs Chipboard. Applied and ordinary boardsBut they do not create overlap with high supporting characteristics. When they are used, there is a significant number of seams that have one direction.

There can be no additional carrier elements and drywall plates, as well as carpentry and cement-friendly stoves. The rationality of their use is small and because they cost more than chipboard and plywood.

Soundproofing overlaps

It is usually insulation of overlaps on wooden beams, but inter-storey overlaps do not require high heat insulation. Level soundproofing It is a more important indicator in this case. High strength of overlaps is not always combined with the necessary indicators of noise protection. Often the beam overlap in a wooden house has an additional isolateTo get rid of penetrating sounds. It is especially difficult to designers of prefabricated houses. They need to combine two directions. It is necessary to create a design that will differ high strength and withstand significant loads. In this case, it should be "soft" elements that absorb sound waves. They create the best sound insulation.

The beams filled with slag or clamzite do not correspond to modern standards. They are not suitable in the level of waterproofing, nor according to the technological features of the creation.

Modern norms Contain requirements for reducing the number of drum noise that can be skipped. At the same time, noise radiation should be increased even to the damage of the carrying capacity of the structure. As a result, new options uniting the indicators were created.

Began to be used spring brackets. They disconnect the lower trim and beams, thanks to which the shock noises are transferred less and faster.

Improve sound insulation help and special utyales inside the design. For this purpose, sand and other materials that reduce sound expire are used.

Insofar as sand The material is bulk, then its main drawback is connected with this. With a free sinking into the space of the overlap, it can wake down through the slots between the plates. To avoid this, the space is covered with a film or use special mats consisting of two layers of film and sand between them.

Instead of sand, plates can be used on cement based. Their main drawback is high weight. As a result, it is necessary to increase the strength of the beams, which makes the design less economical.

It is impossible to ensure high sound insulation for open overlap open. If the beams are not cut from below, but insulating materials are not laid inside, the noise penetration level will be high enough.

Protection of beams from moisture and other external influences

Special protection against moisture and climatic influences overlap beams in a wooden house is not required. All the designs of the attic, the attic overlap of wooden beams, the wooden elements of the outer wall are securely protected if the roof is performed correctly and does not proceed.

Protect the wood of overlaps with special means is required only if the overlap is located above wet zone. It can be a bathroom, sauna, laundry and any other room with high humidity. Ventilation for overlaps is not required.

To protect any structures of fairly standard processing. Open beams or other types of non-ventilated overlaps can be treated with paint and varnish materials. Special chemicals for processing are not needed.

Protection of wooden floors from fire

Building materials must meet the standards fire protection. All materials are divided into two groups: combustible and non-combustible. The designs are half boss and fire-resistant. The first only delay the spread of fire, reduce the rate of ignition. The second is not lit, so they do not give fire to spread.

In residential construction, these rules must be respected as fully as possible. To ensuremaximum security. In particular, the overlaps, which are located in seven meters above the Earth must confront the fire at least than half an hour.

Since wood is often used for overlaps, it is recommended to usewhole wood. If other wood materials are used, they must have a certain level of density. Often, the tree is treated with special substances that give fire resistance to fuel material.

When design is designed with open beamsThe effect of fire from several sides should be taken into account.

To identify the stability of the design to fire, special values \u200b\u200bare used. For example, for coniferous wood, the speed of burnout is received 0.8 mm per second.

Holding out the designs with open beams, take into account the required level of fire resistance. When the height is set in the parameters of the insulation, increase the width of the beams to increase the delay time of the fire.

Questions for fire safety, as well as noise, still exist. They will continue to solve all interested parties in the near future.

Beam beams: Ways to enhance

To increase the carrier beam characteristics, several methods are used. First, attach pads from the boardIncreasing section.

Secondly, you can fix on the beam P-shaped profile Metal. It also increases its rigidity and strength.

Thirdly, reduced Step Between beams, i.e. They fit much more often than required. This gives a certain margin of strength and gives freedom of action without concern about the reliability of the design.

Periodically, the state of overlaps must be checked. Damaged beams are replaced or repaired using linings. Destroy their pests. Moisture together with rotting.

Looping beams overlap

Modern food beams Wooden floors are made of several materials. For their production, the timber, OSB plates and coniferous species of wood are used. These beams have many positive characteristics. They are environmentally friendly, since it is made exclusively from materials that do not distinguish harmful substances. Serve foreign beams for a long time, and thanks to a special form and reliably. They are distinguished by a unique combination of low weight and high strength. These beams do not change their geometric parameters and are not deformed. They are easy to apply, since all surfaces are carefully verified, and all elements have the same parameters.

Wooden floating beams. Photo

Prices for foreign beams depend largely from two characteristics. First -cross-sectional areaSpecifically, the height of the beam. Second -materialsfrom which the shelves are made.

The use of foreign articles allows you to accelerate construction work, because Beams are easy to use. They will protect the house from the occurrence of overlapping overlaps and the appearance of cracks on them, because Do not sit down.

Using foreign beams, you can significantly alleviate the design of the overlap. Such a beam consists of parts that have a very small thickness and mass. However, thanks to the special design, they provide the strength level necessary for a particular overlap.

Such beams can be made to order, the desired size. It will save from the need for fitting, which is spent extra time.

No special tool is required to work with dual-level beams. It is quite ordinary carpenter. In the beams it is easy to make holes, ate need to pave elements of communications.

Use foreign beams not only for overlaps. They apply to creating rafter system.