Russian style. Interior and life in the USSR. Furniture in the USSR is a good design

I have long wanted to write a post about what furniture was in the USSR. The apartment of my parents about the mid-1990s was furnished with a typical Soviet "mass" furniture manufactured in 1970-80, and in the old grandmother's apartment I saw a lot of samples of the old "Arching" furniture made in the fifties.

So, in this post - the story about Soviet furniture and about how the apartment was furnished.

02. Approximately the beginning of the 1960s, the USSR did not exist what is now called "Mass Production Furniture" - when typewrites, tables, racks, and so on, the production of furniture in those years were most often cut in the production of furniture in those years, As well as artel, such furniture was made most often from an inexpensive tree massif (glued shield from pine), plywood (both veneered and ordinary), and simply from the boards.

It's about the same way as in the photo below, the kitchen looked in the usual apartment of the 1950s, from the furniture were painted painted with white paint wooden lockers and buffets. The buffet was used both for storage and for cooking - in the upper closet of the buffet (glazed) stored dishes, in the lower - all sorts of pans and bulk products, and the working surface of the buffet (table top) was used for example for food cutting.

Such a buffet since the late 1950s stood in the old apartment of my grandmother in Minsk on Berestyanskaya Street, and survived almost the mid-2000s, I remember him very well.

03. Here is a very good example of the interior of the kitchen of A la USssR period until the 1960s. At the time of the household concept, "the interior in such a style" simply did not exist, the apartments were told than would have. Very often in the kitchen of that time, it was possible to meet and pre-revolutionary furniture, especially all sorts of shakyafs and buffets - they were usually made of high-quality wood and served a very long time, massively get rid of them became only during the move to small-sized knobs.

According to the famous St. Petersburg anthropologist Ilya Utekhina, in the 1960s and 1970s, the Leningrad gippers were littered with antique furniture, which simply did not fit into new small-sized apartments, got rid of it, changing the modern chipboard.

04. The interiors of the residential rooms in those years looked also not too presentable. Here, the details of the Soviet interior of those years are perfectly transferred in this picture - a mixture of vestive pre-revolutionary items, cheap artistical furniture (painted stools), homemade bookshelves. Outdoor furniture, as a rule, strictly around the perimeter of the room, only the table could stand in the middle.

05. The interior in rich (according to Soviet standards) could look something like that, in the photo very expensive by the standards of that time, furniture from a veneered array in Art Deco style. Such a headset could afford not the ordinary citizen of the USSR.

06. Typical Soviet furniture has become massively appearing in the 1960s, the need for such furniture has become apparent after the start of the settlement of communal apartments and moving families in Khrushchev. The design of typical furniture at the time was engaged in the so-called. "All-Union Design and Design and Technological Institute of Furniture" (Complete), it was established in 1962 and in fact copied the developments of Western countries, the same Swedish IKEA, which already from the second half of the 1950s did a collected furniture transported in flat packages .

In general, after developed countries, the Square Furniture also began to do in the USSR, it fits well into small apartments and was multifunctional, which is also especially important when there is a lack of space. Let's say in different departments of the same cabinet simultaneously stored underwear, dishes and books and documents - in a large apartment for the same goals it was possible to buy separate dresser, a wardrobe showcase, a rack and a secret.

According to the sketches of the designers, the ideal Soviet apartment of the 1960s should look like something like this:

07. In reality, it was closer to something like that. Furniture surfaces covered with solid brilliant varnish were considered special shik, in the 1960s - 1970s such services (after painted with drawers of the chest), looked very sage and expensive - they were given the best place in the room, and the sets and crystal were kept inside Either never used, or enjoyed in exceptional cases.

By the way, polished servants filled with old dishes can still meet.

08. At about the same time (the end of the 1960s - the beginning of the 1970s), polished "walls" began to appear in homes, and they were practically in every Soviet apartment. Especially qualitative was considered "walls" produced in the socialist, but not in the territory of the USSR - in GDR, Romania or Poland. The "wall" was usually put in the largest room in the house and had many features - they kept valuable sets, books, clothes, etc., and photographs or just beautiful pictures often put on the glazed shelves.

By the way, it was partly because of the "walls" was born - in the USSR, people massively bought books (twenty-pot editions of all fat, necrisse and encumbrances) simply "for the interior" and to fill the empty shelves.

09. Standardized "soft" furniture of those years looked quite scary. It was noticeable that the designers tried to copy samples from Western catalogs, but at the same time the live of these samples most often never seen, plus the local "production specificity" was superimposed.

During his studies at the Faculty of Promdizayne, I heard interesting stories about how domestic things were designed in the USSR - the designer drew a beautiful vacuum cleaner, went to the constructor, he says to him "Here you have written" Hidden connection "here, so we can not, there are only screws KV-14. Then the designer went to the paint shop, and there he: "Here you have written" Blue paint with a metal tint ", there is no such in stock, there is a yellow oil enamel KT-116."

In short, in the end it turned out what was obtained:

10. In Soviet small-sized apartments, you could often meet carpets - they were hanging on the walls most often for sound insulation, but this is a completely different story)

Do you remember Soviet furniture? How were your apartments in those years have been furnished?

Tell me, interesting)

The nature of the interior is changing together with time, and it is quite logical, because many different economic, social and cultural factors constantly affect the consciousness and mood of people. Let's see how the interior design has evolved from the 50s of the last century to our time, and with which there were certain changes.

1950s

In the 50s, the whole world is restored after the terrible World War II. Humanity enters into the era of consumerism. In the design of interiors, modernism is dominated; People prefer open and bright residential premises, in which everything is arranged with maximum comfort.

The main features of the interior design of the 50s:

The architecture and design rules functionalism, but it becomes brighter and emotionally;
In the design of the premises, bright colors are often used, which symbolize the completion of a terrible military period;
Architects and designers are trying to fully apply modern materials and new technologies. For example, in the 50s, objects from plastic, metal, rubber and synthetic tissues began to appear in the interiors;
Particular attention is paid to the forms of things that is largely due to the development of the concept of functionalism by specialists from different countries. At this time, the Scandinavian modernity, which we and today we appreciate the convenience, practicality and long service life.

1960s

The decade of recovery replaced the bright and bold 60s. This time is associated with the development of space, hippie, prosperity and sufficiency.

The main features of the interior design of the 60s:

The color palette of the interiors became more brighter than in the 50th. Designers can even use colors that are not very harmoniously combined with each other!
Artificial materials also at the peak of popularity: a rare trendy interior costs without plastic furniture, laminate and plywood;
At this time, in the design, it is fashionable to use wallpaper and textiles with various geometric patterns;
A special feature of the interior of the 60s is a place for reading. This lesson has become extremely fashionable, so in many homes there are racks with books, soft chairs and landsry next to them; 60s - this is definitely a story about space. Space themes leaked in interior design, for example, using non-standard furniture;
A television boom happened, that is, television became affordable almost to everyone, and the TV became the center of the living room, the whole interior was built around him;
The flourishing of the hippie movement was reflected in the interior design: the youth traveled a lot and brought various wonder things and souvenirs, sometimes with ethnic character. All this made it without the bright interior even more replenish and cheerful.

1970s

The 70th is sometimes called the "decade of bad taste", and this can be explained by the fact that at this time some trends and innovations frankly contradicted others. Moods in society were also distinguished by instability: on the one hand, recession in the economy, various armed conflicts and natural disasters, on the other - the desire to live, listen to music in a new stereo format, dance to disco ...

The main features of the interior design of the 70s:

The color palette of the interiors in the 70s changed: a magenta, purple and turquoise came to shift the yellow, green and blue. New shades added bohemility;
Furniture at relevant interiors of this time often had a glossy or polished surface;
Very fashionable at this time it was to sow upholstered furniture and a headboard with a pleasant way to the material, for example, a plush and velvet;
No interior in the 70s could not do without carpets;
The decline in the economy pushed people to create a decor for their interior with their own hands. Objects in the spirit of DIY (from the English. Do it Yourself - "Make it yourself") helped bring individuality to the interior;
Hippie's ideas began to give fruit: people began to strive for nature anymore. The fashion includes a wooden finish, woven furniture and an abundance of houseplants.

1980s

The 80s are associated with the spirit of freedom, deliberate theatricality, neon shades and noisy parties. This is the time of bold experiments and unexpected combinations.

The main features of the interior design of the 80s:

The fashion includes such a designer direction as Shebbi Chic. It is considered the founder to be the Englishman Rachel Esvel, who bought the old furniture on the sale and flea markets, restored and reworked it in the romantic spirit;
The 80th era of the heyday of various avant-garde styles and directions, for example, at the peak of popularity were the works and concepts of the Milan Group of Designers Memphis. They had a bright and sometimes unexpected character. MEMFIS works are asymmetric and disproportionate lines and dimensions, diversity of materials and playful forms, acuteness, alogichic, expressiveness, exotic, sometimes foolishness, always emotionality and challenge perception;
In contrast, quiet pastel colors used bright abstractions;
The desire to be closer to nature gradually undertaken in the direction of Country Style, which is characterized by mentality, lack of cordiality, practicality and use of natural materials.

1990s

90s - time to summarize the stormy rich in the event of the century. At this time, the interior design has already become getting rid of extra and deliberately complex.

The main features of the interior design of the 90s:

At this time, minimalism is emerging: people are tired of the riot of paints, abstractions and active geometry;
Especially popular in the 90s becomes furniture with leather upholstery: it is considered a symbol of wealth and status;
Also very much in demand furniture made of pine, it was made of chairs, tables, dressers and cabinets. Bulky wooden furniture, sometimes with carvings, adorned almost every home;
In the 70th, no interior did without carpets, in the 80s, they gradually moved to the walls and in the 90s and remained there;
At the end of the 20th century, they loved to decorate the interiors with painting of modern artists. Huge cloths in faded frames occupied almost all the walls.

2000s

The arrival of the new millennium has become a symbol of the aspiration for the interior with individual, unique features. The development of equipment and technologies made it possible to make household appliances perfect and more compact, which helped add comfort residential and public spaces.

The main features of the interior design of the 2000s:

So, the development of technologies allowed to produce comfortable flat TVs with large screens. Thanks to the spread of the Internet, people were able to equip compact cinemas at home;
Frequent attacks of terrorists, war in Iraq and unstable moods in society caused people to pay more attention to the safety of their homes;
Nevertheless, a more cheerful and interesting interior of the 2000s came to replace the incredible interior of the 90s. People began to use complex colors, unusual finishing and sophisticated decor. In 2010, the second decade of the 21st century became a symbol of the heyday of design, social media and self-expression. The interiors at this time are eclecticity: in one space, both trendy items and materials and the renovated old things can be used. The main features of the interior design of the 2010s:
Designers use a variety of colors and shades for interior design; Each season is announced their favorites;
The development of technologies leads to the appearance of the concept of a "smart home", which means that the owner can remotely control all devices throughout the house. It raises the comfort of human dwelling to a new level;
The need for concise interiors was only intensified, which led to the popularity of such styles as Scandinavian, minimalism and loft;
The desire for cleanliness and nature also increased: people began to try to eat useful food and make their interior in nice natural colors using natural materials. Obviously, in seven decades, the interior design has done a big way. It is difficult to predict how this area will change in the future, but we can already safely say that it completely depends on the economic, social and cultural events. Changes in the sentiment of society are projected into all types of art, and the interior design is no exception.

Obviously, in seven decades, the interior design has done a big way. It is difficult to predict how this area will change in the future, but we can already safely say that it completely depends on the economic, social and cultural events. Changes in the sentiment of society are projected into all types of art, and the interior design is no exception.

It is difficult to find a more controversial era in style matters than the 70s of the last century. Many designers even gave her a hurt nickname "Decade of Bad Taste." But despite this style of the seventies today celebrates its triumphant return. Moreover, along with fashion on clothing, the 70s retain a decent place in design.

Out of the past: What is the style of the 70s in the interior

Bright colors, an abundance of geometric prints, polished surfaces and unusual combinations - the main attributes of the Supbo Seventies. That is why the embodiment of this decor in the interior is so easy to go through a thin line between an extraordinary approach and blatant chain, eclectic and kitch. To avoid the designer failure is easy. It is enough not to overload the interior with multiple accessories and use literally a few strokes from the main characteristics of the style.

Bright shades of bohemian life

The first thing that pay attention in the interior of the 70s is juicy, sometimes even causing shades. The abundance of purple, purple, emerald, mustard, turquoise, scarlet color is capable of reviving even the most dull room. But with the same success, the improper use of these bohemian shades can heat all the attractiveness of the decor. Therefore, stylists recommend not to overdo the color accents, but use their unusual combinations. For example, paint the pens of a boring brown chest into a bright salad or purple.

His Majesty Textiles

The interior in the style of the 70s is a real find for textile lovers. Carpets, curtains, bedspreads, pillows, textile panels can be both sustained in one direction by attributes and absolutely different colors accents. Especially welcome using artificial fur, velor, plush, velvet, leatherette in the decor.

Polished to brilliance

Another distinctive characteristic of the 70s are polished surfaces. Most often, this "brilliant" role takes on the furniture: coffee tables, dressers, kitchen servers, armchairs. Furniture design is very concise - thin legs and cinnamon shades.

Independently turning your apartment in the abode of creative bohemia is completely simple. It is enough to refresh the old furniture with color, add carpets and pillows, bright paintings and panels. Be sure to use the handmade style things, which add home comfort and individuality interior. And do not forget about the details. For example, lava lamps, plates, old radio, books and sets.

Artyom djurko

We call "Soviet furniture" furnishings of grandmother's apartments: cabinets on legs, chairs with wooden armrests, servants, trolls, flooring, three-shield chandeliers. Title Inaccurate: This furniture is mostly not Soviet by origin. She was done in the countries of the Eastern Block: GDR, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Yugoslavia, Romania. There were little domestic furniture in Soviet stores.

Armed legs of cabinets, wooden armrests, long stands, three-legged coffee tables are the style of the 60s. In the 70s and the 80s, they made another furniture: a bulky, non-good, fragile, smelling disgust. Soviet furniture 60s should be loved. Furniture 70s and 80s, in my opinion, love not for what.

Soviet 60-X style is the same style that in English is called Mid-Century Modern, modernism of the middle of the century. The same chairs, lamps, the same nut veneer can be seen in the first seasons of the series Mad Men, where American interiors of the second half of the 50s are reproduced with great accuracy. In the West, the flourishing of this style came on the 50s, and in the USSR he spread later, during the Khrushchev thaw.

The style of 50s was in great fashion for the past few years. Now this fashion passes, and I can no longer say: "Buy Soviet furniture and will be in trend." Will not. But there are other reasons to pay attention to it.

This is not "Ikea"

The Russian furniture market is so arranged that the buyer has few choices. If he is rich, then buys furniture of premium Italian brands. If it's poor, buying a trash in the furniture center on the outskirts. If he is not rich and not poor, the road is one - in Ikea. Anger takes when you remember how much good and inexpensive furniture abroad. Her here do not carry. Or carry, but sell at the price of Italian premium brands.

So it turns out that, in which apartment nor go, everywhere is "Ikea". I want to make a variety of landscape. Babushkin Servan - one of the few available ways.

She is high quality

As I said, "Soviet" furniture mainly comes from Eastern Europe. For example, from the GDR - the countries of Bauhaus, from the Czech Republic - countries with rich and old traditions of furniture production. This furniture was sold in Western Europe, and now on Western flea markets you can find things in the same factories and models as in a grandmother apartment. It is no worse than the western mass furniture of the middle of the century. And why should she be worse? In the same Europe did.

This is a good design

In the world of postmodernism, where we were not lucky to live with you, it is believed that each subject contains several meanings in itself: one reports straight, it hints to another, the third is silent. Things are already not the things, but a bunch of contradictory information. They seem to speak with us: "Buy me, I am prestigious! You can afford me, but no neighbor! " Or "I am designer! I made a designer star! Limited Edied! "

Old things are silent. Designers designed them, taking care only that they were strong, comfortable, so that they had good proportions. They do not texhat your pride, do not play with your phobias. They simply exist.

She does not clutch
space

The furniture of the 60s was done for typical apartments with two-meter ceilings and narrow doors. Therefore, it is compact and low. Even the tables and seat chairs at that time began to make a couple of centimeters below so that there was more free space over them. For the same reason, the chairs of the 60s are lattice backs, and under the armrest of the chair you can see the hand. The furniture was done so as to create minimal obstacles to View: looking over it and through it, a man clearly sees the border of the room. High legs, on which all the items of that era stand in: Paul is visible under them.

Under it you can
sweep

Becoles from the cabinets and dresser who have no legs, the decades did not have a vacuum cleaner, and there is an amazing, but unpleasant world with rich flora and fauna. The floor under the cabinets on the legs is easy to maintain clean.

She is wooden

Of course, not all. Artificial materials were used in the 60s, but much less often than now. In addition, they say from the 50-year-old chipboard almost all poisons weathered. And you can find items where the chipboard is generally not, the whole made of plywood and boards, with a rich texture of the walnut veneer, under good old varnish (lacquer agitates, becomes more transparent). Can you imagine how much a modern wardrobe from the wood massif?

She is cheap

Most of our fellow citizens are obsessed with the idea of \u200b\u200bnovelty. To live among old things for them is not to respect yourself. I barely accumulate to the new sofa of the Factory "March 8," they hurry to get rid of the furniture of their ancestors, giving it for the self-delivery or selling for the amount, much smaller than the cost of transportation. It happens that they endure the garbage.

True, now the attitude towards the modernist furniture is changing. I think that in five years old grandmother's chair with wooden armrests in Moscow can be found only in a specialized store. But now, while the market of vintage furniture did not work out, we can still furnish an apartment with good models of modernist design for 200-500 rubles purchased on private announcements.

photos: Alexey Naroditsky, Artyom djurko

The history of the communal began at the moment when the Soviet government came up with prettening into large multickery apartments of the middle class of pre-revolutionary Russia proletariat. In the first years of its existence, the Soviet power promising to give a worker factory was convinced that it was not able to provide them with even a separate housing. A particularly relevant problem has become in large cities whose population grew by shock.

The Bolsheviks with their characteristic tendency to simple solutions found a way out - they began to settle in one apartment for several families, highlighting each individual room with a common kitchen and a bathroom. So the process of creating communal was launched. In an apartment consisting of several rooms, completely different people were settled, often whole families. Accordingly, they had a room and a shared kitchen and a bathroom.

Neighbors for communal apartments are people of various social status, life interests and habits - lived in one place, intertwined fate, quarreled and put up. "The relationship between the residents of the communal team, as a rule, was intense: the domestic difficulties were angry with people," writer Lev Stern writer in their memoirs. "- If sometimes I had to wait for a line in the toilet or to the crane, it is difficult to expect warm relationships between neighbors."

As a rule, communal services were organized in income homes - multi-storey buildings of the royal buildings, erected by the beginning of the twentieth century in large cities. Seal the population of these "bourgeois" nests Communists took immediately as soon as they set control over cities. "We need to make a sealing of housing, and in view of the lack of housing, we resort to the eviction of those elements, the stay of which is not due to the need," the Kiev communist was written on February 19, 1919, two weeks after the second attempt by the Bolsheviks to entrenched in Kiev. From the face of the new government, the newspaper was told to readers that "loafers, speculators, criminals, whitvents, etc. Elements, of course, should be deprived of apartments." In addition, in Soviet apartments, as it turned out, there should be no living rooms, halls and dining rooms. The cabins of the same Bolsheviks promised to leave only those who are required to work - doctors, professors and responsible workers. As a rule, for the new bosses were released by one or two floors. The former tenants and the owners were placed in the same buildings, offering square meters allotted for the needs for 24 hours. To pick up with you only the bed and the things of the essentials were allowed.

The picture of K. S. Petrov-Vodkina "Novosella" (1918):

Here it is quite detailed by the clash of the old aristocratic life and moved to the unconventional dwelling for them by representatives of workers, new owners of life. A large hall with a parquet floor, in which the new tenants spread the rustic paths, next to the huge mirror and woven on the walls of oil paintings in the gilded frames, stools were put in a carved chairs. The objects of life of opposite social layers lead their mute dialogue, the second realities of social life.

Just a couple of years after the former income houses received new tenants - the townships of the proletarians, who were massively rushed after the revolution in large cities, the authorities faced an unexpected problem: a strong accommodation, erected from stone and brick, began to quickly come into disrepair. The poor fellow in the "Barsquaries" did not really appreciate them, because many newly new tenants did not just get housing for free, but at first they were released from making the rent. "Proletariat" quickly finished off the sewer, plumbing and furnaces. In the courtyards began to accumulate garbage, which no one exported. And destruction came, just like Bulgakov.

The fact that the apartment is communal, it has been seen from the threshold - near the input door there were several call buttons with the names of the heads of families and an indication of how many times to whom to call. In all common areas - the corridor, kitchen, bathroom, toilet, there were also several light bulbs, according to the number of families (no one wanted to pay for electricity used by the neighbor). And in the toilet each had its own seat for the toilet, hanging on the wall immediately. Public sites were removed according to the schedule. However, the concept of purity was relative, because each of the users had their own idea. As a result, mushrooms and insects became unchanged satellites of communal.

This Soviet housing know-how for many years determined not only by the life of the USSR citizens, but also became part of the city subculture. Housing, wondering how temporary, managed to survive the Union.

The action of some Soviet films occurs in communal apartments. Of the most famous: "Girl without address", "Pokrovsky Gate", "five evenings".

Stalin's apartments 1930-1950

After the cessation of 15-year experiments on the creation of a new aesthetics and new forms of hostel in the USSR since the beginning of the 1930s, the atmosphere of conservative traditionalism was established for two years. At first it was "Stalin's Classicism", which, after the war, the "Stalin Ampire", with severe, monumental forms, whose motives were often taken often from ancient Roman architecture.

The main type of Soviet housing was announced an individual comfortable apartment. Stone, eclectically decorated houses with rich on Soviet standards apartments (often with housekeeping rooms) were built on the main streets of cities. These houses were built using high-quality materials. Thick walls, good sound insulation along with high ceilings and a complete set of communications - Live and rejoice!

But in order to get such an apartment in such a house, it was necessary to be in the "clip", or how would it be called later to enter the nomenclature, to be a prominent representative of the creative or scientific intelligentsia. True, it should be noted that a number of ordinary citizens was still obtained apartments in elite houses.

What were the apartments of the 50s, many well represent on the films of those years or on their own memories (grandmothers and grandfathers such interiors were often preserved until the end of the century).

Frames from the film "Moscow does not believe in tears", the film was released on the screens in 1979, but in it for sure, the atmosphere was transferred to the smallest detail. First of all, it is chic oak furniture, calculated to serve several generations.

Those who were treasured were forced to collect porcelain of the Leningrad Factory. In the main room more often than having fun lampshade, a luxurious chandelier in the picture gives a fairly high social position of the owners.

The interiors of Stalin's apartments can also be seen on the canvases of artists of those years written with warmth and love:

This luxury for the 50s was its own phone in the apartment. Its installation was an important event in the life of the Soviet family. At this photo of 1953, such a joyful moment was captured in one of the Moscow apartments:

Sergey Mikhalkov with Son Nikita, 1952

In the mid-50s in the life of the Soviet family, he gradually began to enter the TV, immediately took an honorable place in the apartments.

In this new apartment, the interiors still dohrushchensky, with high ceilings and solid furniture. Pay attention to the love of round (sliding) tables, which, for some reason, will be rare. Bookcase at an honorable place is also a very typical feature of the Soviet home interior.

In the late 1950s, a new era will begin. Millions of people will begin to move into their individual, albeit completely tiny, apartment-Khrushchev. There will be completely different furniture.

Khrushchevka.

The 1955th was a turning point for the year, since it was this year that a decree on industrial house-building was adopted, which began the beginning of the crunching era. But in 1955, "Malenkovsky" was built with the latest hints of the Quality and architectural aesthetics of Stalinok. Stalinkins could not be enough for everyone, by definition ...

The construction of houses - "Khrushchev" was started in 1959, and was completed in the eighties. Usually in the apartments of such houses are located from one to four rooms, which would be more called the name "cells". But Khrushchev, as she did not swear, became the first in the post-revolutionary years of housing for the people.

Housewarming

In the new apartment. Personnel working plant "Red October" Shubin A.I. Moscow, Tushino, 1956

The furniture of the 60s and 70s can still be found in old apartments, but most of us do not remember how the real average interior of the apartment of the late 60s - early 70s looked, even before the period of imported walls and our cabinet furniture. And, nevertheless, look at the interiors of these apartments is very interesting. Let us return for 40 years in the past and look at the typical apartment of the Soviet era of the family with average sufficiency. Look in the living room of the 60s - 70s. So, let's start with the Servant who has entered the fashion in the 60th and the supplied buffet.

The design of the servants was the same, its surface was polished, according to the fashion of that time, the glass was sliding. And they all differed in one feature - open the gray glass was very difficult. This miracle was served for storing dishes and souvenirs.

I still have such a cute set, I know that many he is still kept as a family relic:

From the servant, we throw your eyes on the armchairs and the coffee table. Chairs, what can I say about them. Only the fact that they were comfortable, with the upholstery often quite poisonous colors - and the glance was pleased and comfort created.

Considering that in our apartments, those years, the living room was most often combined with the bedroom of parents, then in many of them stood a trumulous. An indispensable subject of the interior that every Soviet woman dreamed of. And today, many more people remember the old Soviet furniture and even still enjoy servants, cabinets and regiments made in the USSR. Against the background of the current abundance, these polished monsters seem still ugly and dops.

Such carpets often hung on the walls of living rooms, bedrooms:

And here it looks like a kitchen and no furniture to you:

Barack

And now let's see how and in what conditions 80% of the USSR population lived before the start of the Khrushchev industrialization of construction. And do not hope, it was not the pathos of the Stalinings of different periods, and not at home - the Commune, and the old fund was missing at all, even when registering settlements in communal apartments. The basis of the residential foundation of that time was the peatpossess of the Barack ...

Each of the factory villages was a few stone capital buildings and many wooden barracks in which the overwhelming part of its inhabitants lived. Their mass construction began simultaneously with the construction of new and reconstruction of old plants during the first five-year plan. Barak is rapidly erected and cheap accommodation, built with disregard for service and convenience, in most cases with a common corridor and furnace heating.

Room in one of the barracks of Maggoresk

The water supply and sewage in the barracks were absent, all these "convenience", as they say, were in the courtyard of the barrack. Barounding construction was considered as a temporary measure - workers of new giants of the industry and expanding the production of old plants it was necessary to urgently provide at least somehow housing. Baraks, like hostels, shared on men's, female and on the bars of a family type.

For modernly spoiled by the comfort of the town-dweller, this housing will seem completely unsatisfactory, especially considering that the barracks have been overpopulated in the 1930s, and in the harsh military 1940s the situation has deteriorated even more due to evacuation. Barak did not assume the opportunity to retire, calmly sit at the table with his family or closest friends. The physical space of the barrack formed a special social space and special people, this space inhabited. But even such housing, people sought to equip the best way, as far as possible, and create at least some kind of coziness.

In Moscow, such houses have been existed until the mid-70s, and in more distant cities in such houses, thoroughly disliked, people live so far.

New apartments 70-80s

Houses - "Brezhnevka" appeared in the Soviet Union in the seventies. Usually they were built not in width, but height. The usual height of "Brezhnevka" was from nine to 16 floors. It happened that even higher houses were erected.

Houses - "Brezhnevka" in obligatory equipment equipped with an elevator and garbage chute. Apartments have in the so-called "pockets", in every such "pocket" there were usually two apartments. The initial name "Brezhnev" was the "apartment of improved planning". Of course, compared to "Khrushchev" such apartments actually had improved planning, but if you compare them with with "Stalinki", it was more or rather called them "impaired option". Kitchen size in such an apartment from seven to nine square meters, the ceilings are much lower than "Stalin's", the number of rooms can be from one to five.

So, entering the model apartment of the 70s, we could see the interior consisting of a sofa and the "walls", opposite, two chairs and a coffee table, polished table - and everything is placed in the same way, because The layout did not leave space for fantasy. This meant life succeeded ...

The walls are especially valued, imported, from the countries of Cava, of course. The wall was copied on the wall, they were recorded in the queue, waited a long time and finally found the desired "Gaderes", Czech or Romanian headsets. It must be said that the prices of them were quite impressive and reached 1000 rubles at the average salary of the engineer 180-200 rubles. In many families, the purchase of imported furniture was considered a very good and practical investment of money, they bought inheritance to children, that is, for centuries.

These walls sometimes occupied almost the puberty, but it was impossible not to have it, for it somehow passed into the discharge of the object of prestige. She replaced several types of furniture and gave an impetus to the fashion appeared on the collecting of crystal, books, etc. Something had to fill the shelves with beautiful glass doors!

All self-respecting mistresses have acquired a crystal dishes. Not a single dinner accounted for a crystal gland, a crystal vase or bowl. In addition, Crystal was considered the ideal option for the investment of material resources.

Another mandatory subject in the interior of those years is a sliding polished table.

Of course, carpets were part of the interior of the Soviet apartment. They constituted inseparable pair with crystal. Besides aesthetic value, the carpet on the wall had and practical. He performed the function of sound insulation of the walls, as well as in some cases covered the wall defects.

The constant attribute of the living room: a three-tiered chandelier with plastic hanging chambers:

The transforming furniture with several functions was very popular. Transformations most often undergoes beds that could turn into bed armchairs, sofas - clock, as well as tables (coup table, servant table, toiletries, writing tables, etc.). For many families, it was salvation. Sometimes, the living room in the evening turned into a bedroom: a sofa bed, chair-beds. And in the morning the room again turned into a living room.

Frames from the movie "Moscow does not believe in tears." Such an interior in the 80s in the USSR was considered simply the highest pilot.

And such an interior as in the apartment of Samokhanov in the film "Service Roman" was also the subject of the envy of ordinary Soviet citizens.

Perhaps in fifty years, our current houses will also also be the object of curiosity of future generations with the inevitable assessment of "for" and "against". But this stage is necessary for our future, as well as past aesthetics of the Soviet apartment was necessary for the perception of our present.

Source http://www.spletnik.ru/