Dormer window on the roof - design and drawings. How to make a dormer window with your own hands? How to make a window in a gable roof

New buildings or to equip an additional usable area of an existing building, architects often use the technique of installing dormer windows. This significantly changes the general appearance of the house, makes the room more spacious, bright, well ventilated. In appearance, the design resembles a small house with a window and walls.

Even small structures built along the line of the roof ridge can significantly expand the space and change the concept of the style of the house.

To equip the attic in accordance with the requirements of SNiP, the floor-to-ceiling height of most of the attic must be at least 2.25 m.

When equipping the roof surface with window openings, attention should be paid to the dimensions of the structure. Preference should be given to large sizes in order to justify the cost of the device.

Being carried away by the expansion of space, do not forget about the appearance of the house. All additional elements must harmoniously fit into the style of the house, be proportional, have identical slopes and details with the roof, finish, and facade.

Window types

The difference between the types of dormer windows depends on the slope of the roof and frame elements. There are several varieties:

lean-to;
gable;
flat;
arched;
hip.

All types of construction are classified according to the main types of location of the auditory object:

in the gable wall (on the end side of the roof);
dormer (above the plane of the roof);
antidormer (inside the roof);
inclined window (in the plane of the roof).

Dormer varieties are considered the most popular in private construction, since they most successfully perform the function of increasing the usable area.

Shed window structures have a flat roof with a smaller slope than the main roofing surface. This design is characterized by practicality and ease of arrangement.

There is more space above the head than in the gable version. However, with numerous advantages, it is worth noting the rough architectural lines that do not always fit gracefully into the overall look of the house. Therefore, when choosing a type, you need to evaluate the desired and obtained result.

The angle of inclination of the roof of a shed structure does not depend on the shape of the main roofing surface. When calculating the slope, the formed space above the head and the increase in usable area are taken into account. The slope of the roof of the structure under construction affects the choice of material:

over 25% it is recommended to use roofing felt and fiberglass boards;
up to 25%, rolled asphalt is used, followed by laying a roll coating or seamless rubber;
over 30% is allowed to cover in the form of wooden tiles.

When performing installation work, the rainwater drainage system deserves special attention. If an error is made in the calculations or in the technological process during heavy precipitation, water may leak inside.

A gable roof is a more complex structure. The configuration may have a rounded or acute-angled appearance.

Much more will be required for the arrangement. This type of structure reduces the height of the ceiling. And the broken lines of the walls make the usable area smaller. But the external design of the roof remains unsurpassed with the use of the gable design of the dormer windows.

How to choose

Among the various forms of design of attic window openings, the following stand out.

with a flat roof having a slope of only 5-15 °, the design has the least effect on the architectural appearance of the house. At the same time, it has the main advantage - maximum lighting and ventilation of the room. The roof of a flat type is covered with a metal coating. Drainage is carried out using gutters of various shapes. Particular attention during installation is given to sealing to prevent leakage.
Rectangular window opening with a single or gable roof installed to increase usable area and lighting. The slope lines sometimes repeat the slope of the main roof, which gives the exterior design of the house sophistication and presentability. This type is characterized by an abundance of options for designing a window structure with various functional and decorative elements: cornices, gutters, gutters, etc.
Triangular or acute-angled structures are used primarily for ventilation and lighting of the attic. This view is not suitable for increasing space. Graceful forms will decorate almost any roof of the house.
The skylight provides maximum illumination due to the fact that most of the structure is made of glass. Such design is widely used not only in residential buildings, but also in industrial and commercial areas. The shape of the structure resembles a pyramid or hemisphere. The bulge increases the space. It is comfortable to be in such a room, however, as well as to operate it.
Structures with louvered grilles are installed only on non-residential premises. Glazing is missing. The role of the dormer window is reduced to the function of attic ventilation.
Openings with an arched top are installed above the roof slope. Particular attention is paid to waterproofing and reinforcing elements of the roof frame. Arched design is a popular type and is often used to equip the attic. The space is not hidden in the room, and the use of the usable area is very comfortable. This type of window is used in residential, commercial and administrative buildings.

Each option has its own advantages, disadvantages in installation and operation. Whatever the form, the constructive validity of the device of the dormer windows is important.

The attic space should be comfortable for living, and the appearance of the house should not suffer from clutter and excesses.

Installation rules

A window can only be installed on a roof that has an angle of inclination of at least 35 °.
When developing a project, the gap between the rafters is taken into account.
The dimensions of the valves should not be less than the parameters: 0.6x0.8 m.
It is necessary to have a window structure at a certain distance in relation to the load-bearing wall.
It is forbidden to erect a structure near the ridge, gable, cornice.
The distance between two dormer windows should be 0.8 m or more.
When calculating the number of windows, you must follow the rules of proportionality: the sum of the width of all openings must be more than half the length of the attic.
It is allowed to install hearing structures in two rows.
The design of the window roof has its own truss system, lathing, roofing material and drainage system. Laying is carried out in compliance with the rules of the roofing pie.
In the device of the dormer window, it is important to follow the sequence and the technological process. Use only the parts specified in the design documents.

The process of creating a skylight

When planning the installation of a hearing facility on the roof, you need to describe the entire technological process. This will help to solve emerging issues step by step and not to miss important details.

Design stage. The materials used, fasteners and connecting elements are taken into account. Drawings are being developed. The calculated data include all types of loads: wind, sediment, temperature. The documentation also contains solutions with, sealing, waterproofing. Characteristic:
- choice of type of construction;
- determining the number of windows;
- size calculations;
- bearing capacity;
- ways of fastening with the main roof.
The installation of the frame is reminiscent of the construction of a conventional roof, since the installation includes the assembly of the truss system, the lathing, the laying of the roofing material, the fastening of the ebbs, ridges and the protection of the adjunctions. It is better to carry out work in parallel with the construction of the roof of the house. But if there is a desire to mount window structures in an existing roof, it is enough to calculate the installation points and take into account all the rules of SNiP. The locations of the frame of the auditory object should initially be strengthened with rafter legs. Inserting into the supporting rafters is prohibited, as this weakens the strength of the roof structure. P the frame beams are fixed at the level of the outer wall of the house, after which the vertical racks are mounted. The elements are connected by one transverse bar. Fix the resulting window frame to the upper beam. Docking of parts is carried out with metal fasteners: anchors, bolts. Cutting and tie-in will not give sufficient strength. Before fixing each part, the horizontal and vertical elements are aligned.
Fasten the crate to the frame using wooden bars or galvanized profiles. The interval should be 500 mm.
After the work with the frame is completed, you need to install the ridge beam. Next, the window truss system is installed.
The pediments are sewn up with moisture-resistant plywood flush with the outer wall.
From the inside, fix the waterproofing material, sealing all joints and joints with sealant.
Roofing on a window structure is usually laid with the same material as on the main surface.
The sheathing is fixed to the crate. For this, an identical material used for finishing the room or wooden boards with a horizontal / vertical arrangement is used. It is impractical to use plaster for sheathing, the fragile structure will not be able to withstand the moving rafters under the force of wind currents.
Facing the walls of the window structure can be done using steel siding. The coating is unpretentious in operation, but creates reliable protection. Siding will ennoble the walls of window structures, harmoniously fit into the overall design.

How to make a window in the finished roof

Before installation, the roof should be inspected in order to control its integrity, strength and suitability for these works. Equipping the roof with dormer windows is quite a costly undertaking, so you need to evaluate the costs and the benefits gained.

If the final decision is made in favor of installation, it is worth observing the technological sequence.

Determination of the location of windows. It is recommended to place them between the supporting beams.
Dimensions window openings should not be large, as they are poor heat insulators.
Frame assembly is carried out according to the selected parameters from wooden bars, pre-treated with an antiseptic.
Fragment cutting from a roofing cake under the window frame is carried out carefully so as not to damage the waterproofing layer.
Frame installation it is made using a frame tightly fixed to the supporting rafters with self-tapping screws.
Sealant treatment all joints and connections.

The main roof must be strong to support the extra weight. If the frame is damaged or worn out, dormers should not be installed.
It is more correct to plan dormer windows at the stage of designing a house. You can also build them in the finished roof, but for this you will need to take into account the distance between the supporting rafters. It is possible to cut out a small part of the rafters only with the subsequent redistribution of the load on adjacent beams by fixing additional transverse beams. Complete cutting of the roofing element cannot be done.
When performing installation work, be sure to regularly align the verticals and horizontals to prevent distortions.
The points of contact between the main roof and the window structure need to be thoroughly waterproofed. It is in the junctions that leaks often occur.
Sheathing of side walls should be made only with moisture-resistant material.
When installing the window frame, all joints and cracks must be sealed with sealant for waterproofing and thermal protection.

Hide

The observation window on the roof has several functions, it performs not only an aesthetic, but also a practical purpose. For example, with its help, the interior of the attic becomes illuminated, gets the opportunity to ventilate. You can install such a structure both by the hands of professionals and independently.

What needs to be provided?

Roof dormer drawings are best included in the design of the house at the design stage, before the roof has begun to be erected, but this is not necessary. It is quite possible to remake an ordinary attic floor by adding the necessary window structures to it after the roof has been erected, it’s just that such installation will take more time and cost more, since you will have to disassemble the installed roofing material.

Before choosing which design is suitable and installing it, you need to consider the following factors:

How the floor will be used depends on how bright the lighting is required.
Good floor ventilation.
Sometimes through the window they make an emergency exit to the roof. It is needed for its maintenance and repair.
When choosing a dormer window on the roof, it is better to make a design drawing in advance in order to assess how the selected system fits the architecture of a single building.
The shape of the window can be any, so its choice depends on considerations of practicality and taste of the owner of the premises.
The window model will largely depend on the type of roof.
In order to prevent moisture from entering the room, the window should be tilted, which should not be less than 50 degrees if the roof is flat, and 150 degrees for pitched options.
The shape of the windows can be any, but the triangular skylight is the easiest to make. Such a window does not require a large amount of materials or complex waterproofing of the installation site; the disadvantages of this design include insufficient light transmission.
It is important to consider the direction of the world. If all the windows face south, the room will be too bright and hot in summer, the north side will not give the right amount of light in winter. Windows can be placed in any order.

Exterior view of the house with dormer windows

How to install window?

The installation of a roof dormer window does not have to be entrusted to construction companies. You can cope with it yourself, if you strictly follow the instructions and do not violate the sequence of actions. The order of work should be as follows:

Draw a plan, decide exactly where the dormers will be. On the drawing, you will also need to indicate the dimensions of the structure.
For the window, you will need to equip an independent truss system, make a frame.
You can use an existing roof truss system, but it will need to be reinforced with a bar, because due to the weight of the window, an additional load will fall on it.
Beams are attached to the rafters, their location should be horizontal. One beam is located below, the other - in the upper part of the window.
Not only the frame, but also the ridge of the structure will be attached to the upper beam .
The design must be securely fixed. For this, special staples, nails and corners are used.
It is necessary to form a ridge span: this is the future basis of the window.
The window frame to be inserted must be attached not only to the profile, but also to the beams and crossbars.
After that, you can mount the jumpers and the supporting frame, create a crate.
The points of contact between the frame and the frame must be well sealed.
You can use self-expanding tapes, sealants to close the seams.

Roof construction with dormer windows

How is the installation carried out?

It is quite possible to mount a dormer window on the roof with your own hands, for this you will need a simple set of tools in the form of:

Roulettes.
Vise.
Nails.
Hammer.
Protractor and triangle.
Hacksaws.
Chisels.
Wood saws
Films.
Bars, the size of which is 100 * 50 mm.

Installation of a dormer window on the roof is carried out in several stages, you need to act consistently and carefully. You will have to start with the construction of a frame for the future window or analysis of the roofing material, if the roof has already been made. If there is no hole, it is carefully cut through so as not to touch the load-bearing elements of the roof. The beam will be required to create the beamers. They should be the same, in total you will need two for each window. It is easy to fix them, you can only use nails. You need to place the bars between the two extreme beams. You will need a vise, they will help to properly position and secure the elements.

For corner risers, you need to create a reinforced structure. For this, a piece of timber is again useful: you can make a lower support out of it. The support should be 20 cm longer than the length of the window. It is attached parallel to the beam beam at the bottom of the structure; it is most convenient to nail it to the floor. The beam should protrude 10 cm on each side, you will need to cut two more pieces - they should be slightly longer than the distance between the roof and the floor. In the place where the transverse beam is located to strengthen the structure, you need to make a mark: the bar is cut off exactly along it.

After that, you can begin to make a corner stand. For her, you need to measure two beams, which will be slightly higher than the planned window. Each will need to be nailed at two points to the support and the reinforcing beam. The upper part of the structure will be hoisted onto a reinforcing beam. It must be pressed against the rack as close as possible from the side of the corner and only then securely nailed; the bottom of the structure is attached in the same way. It is more convenient to work first on one side, then on the other. Approximately 20-25 cm must be added to each side. The beam at one end should be stuck to the beam, the other - to the corner structure. Check if its location is correct. After that, the excess can be cut off.

skylight frame

For the installation of a triangular dormer window on the roof, the design of which is the simplest, it is still recommended to make a drawing in advance. A visual diagram will help you quickly navigate and do the job more accurately. After the first part is completed, you can proceed to the installation of the upper rod and the installation of the ceiling part of the structure. To do this, you will need to measure a bar, the length of which is equal to the distance between the ends of the corner and outer posts. You need to install it on the sections of the racks, firmly fix it with nails. The ceiling on the side will play the beam that was used to align the side racks.

After all the work done, you will need to create a window sill. To do this, you need to find out the size of the gap between the racks, take two beams, the length of which is 2 cm longer than the length of the gap. For the window sill in the corner posts, grooves must be made, their depth should be 1 cm. A ready-made window sill made of wood is inserted into the prepared, previously cleaned place, and nailed. For reliable fixation, you can use two small bars, which will also need to be nailed.

For mounting the roof of the structure, oblique beams are used, which are fastened with a small step close to each other. A sheet of plywood is nailed on top of them for mounting roofing material.

The triangular dormer window on the roof, the design of which is the simplest, can be easily made by yourself. This will require a minimum of materials and skills, however, due to the shape of the windows, they will let in less light than standard ones.

Dormer windows on the roof not only provide access to daylight into the attic and attic spaces, but also add attractiveness to the appearance of the building

Construction is a complex process, every detail is important in it. To ensure free access to natural light and ventilation in attic or attic spaces, it is imperative to equip dormer windows on the roof. In addition to the functional component, they endow the building with an elegant and stylish visual aesthetics. There are several design options. To make the right choice, it is important to know about the types, the device, and understand what the differences between the types of dormer windows are.

Types of structures

In the Middle Ages, such structures had a magnificent, majestic and pompous appearance. The windows served more as a decorative element.

Dormer windows on the roof of an old building

Today, the requirements for the quality of arrangement of such structures are extremely high. In addition to aspects of practicality, functionality and durability, a special place is given to external design. The window should completely "fit" into the surroundings, harmoniously complementing the specifics of the architectural style.

Dormer windows in modern architecture

A modern dormer or dormer window is a frame with glass, which is mounted in the plane of the roofs. As a separate subspecies of structures, a vertical glazing method is presented. When choosing skylights, it is important to understand that there are significant differences between them. First of all, this applies to all kinds of forms, thanks to which the external aesthetics of the building acquires a special charm.

Variety of dormer window shapes

According to the shape of the roof, auditory structures are:

quadrangular with a pitched roof;
standard, "French" with a flat roof;
quadrangular, but with a gable roof;
hip;
panoramic trapezoidal;
triangular;
dormers;
arched (the arch can be semicircular or arched);
glass (anti-aircraft lamp);
semicircular shape.

Triangular dormer window - gives a lot of light and air to the attic, gives elegance to the house

These are the main types of structures, but modern technologies allow them to be given any shape, creating an unusual architectural flavor. The shape of the window should be planned according to the general style and taking into account the exact location. Otherwise, the design may look like a foreign element.

Round and semi-circular dormer windows are a trendy and stylish option that gives a very unusual look to the whole house.

Design rules

The dormer window, equipped in the attic, is an important element of the ventilation system. In order to avoid the accumulation of moisture and stagnation of air in the building, it is customary to build a dormer window on the roof.

Dormer window, located in the attic, on the slope of the roof

In the event that a living space is located in the attic, such a design is able to provide access to natural light during the daytime.

Dormer window on the roof of the house - an additional source of light

When planning a fire safety system, a window can serve as an emergency exit to the roof.

Dormer windows can serve as an emergency exit to the roof

Design is the most important moment on which the structure and functionality of the entire system directly depends. There are no strict rules, since the design depends on many factors, such as architectural style, material of manufacture and dimensions.

Designs of small and large dormer windows used for attic lighting

The special design device with a functional or aesthetic load is also important.

Dormer window design "bull's eye"

The combination of factors and each aspect individually plays an important role and makes its own adjustments to the design process. But there are a number of key requirements that are important when choosing windows and in the design process:

Installation of structures is allowed in cases where the degree of slope of the roof is at least 35.
It is important to place any superstructures at a clearly defined distance from the outer walls of the building.
The minimum dimensions of dormer window sashes are 0.6 x 0.8 m.
It is unacceptable to design windows with hip or quadrangular roofs in a building where the facade is a continuation of the walls.
For clarity of design, as well as to avoid installation errors, it is important to perform all preliminary calculations, diagrams and drawings.

Advice! In sum, the width of all dormer windows should exceed half the length of the attic.

Successful design of dormer windows allows not only to increase the level of functionality, but also to place original architectural accents.

Dormer windows are guaranteed to get rid of the lack of light

Frame Features

Before erecting the base for dormer windows, the installation of the roof frame is mandatory: gables are erected, truss systems are installed. In the process of erecting the foundations for the auditory structure in the attic, it is important to consider the following: the rafter “legs”, which are the frame of the structure opening, must be strengthened, made double or triple, this is due to the increased load.

Mansard roof construction

The work is carried out in stages:

Strictly flush with the outer wall, the ends of the rafter legs are cut to the optimum length.
Jumper beams are installed, which are located between the rafters of the base in the openings.
The dimensions of the openings should be carefully aligned to a strict vertical according to the gable frame after the installation of the ridge beam.
On window openings, rafters are mounted to the ridge of the lower part of the base.
The specifics of the sheathing of the skeleton of the pediment is as follows: it is carried out exactly flush with the wall sheathing.

Important! In accordance with the requirements and standards, the side walls are the basis for the dormer windows that are located on the roof. The corresponding height of the structure is 1.5 m, they extend deep into the building from the outer walls.

Waterproof plywood is most often used as the main material for sheathing the dormer window frame.

Rafter system, roofing works

Installation steps

The device of dormer windows is a responsible event.

Roof work on the roof with dormer windows

The process resembles the specifics of installing a multi-gable roof, but there are some peculiarities and important nuances.

Important! When arranging the attic structure, it is worth knowing that the angle of inclination of the triangular dormer windows is 64 degrees, respectively, the angle of the roof will be 40 degrees.

Therefore, difficulties often arise with the connection of the corresponding planes. As a result, the grooves turn out to be non-standard, so the arrangement of each component of the structure separately requires an individual approach.

Installation of a dormer window on the roof of the house

For the upper base, a specific design is being prepared, consisting of slanting rafters. Shortened rafters will rely on it during operation. For the installation to be successful, it is important to have information about the dimensions of the grooved rafters and know the angle of contact of the ridge beam with the side wall. The installation process goes as follows:

using the level, the center point is determined, which is selected relative to the ridge beam and the groove;
a line is measured from the center that leads to the corner of the side wall, a line of a ridge beam is also drawn;
the angle resulting from the intersection of two lines is measured, the lower part of the groove rafters is sawn off;
for convenience, a fishing line is stretched between the corners of the side wall and the ridge beam, after which the angle of the cut of the upper end of the rafter beam is measured with measuring tools;
the workpiece is marked, the end edges are sawn, taking into account the measurements of angles of 18 and 72 degrees, respectively.

Installation of a dormer window should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP

The installation of the second beam is carried out symmetrically. To ensure that the process does not cause difficulties, it is necessary to have visual drawings and diagrams.

Dormer window design

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-nG9lO7BNvw After completing the installation work on installing the upper part of the structure, we proceed to the installation of the lower base. To do this, a groove beam is fixed at the top of the roof sheathing of the building, which will be the support for the ends of the rafters. The design is carried out according to a single algorithm, after which the length of the rafters must be reduced to the optimal size. After the completion of the design stage and the installation itself, the structure is sheathed with waterproof plywood, and a finishing roofing is placed on top.

Dormer window installation

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MWe6H5j9zPk The arrangement of dormer windows in the attic or in the attic is invaluable. When constructing dormer windows, several factors must be taken into account: design features, materials of execution, individual dimensions and style. First of all, such structures are an important element of the ventilation system, provide access to natural light and an optimal indoor climate.

Dormer window - a source of fresh air

In addition to high performance, dormer windows of various types can increase the level of prestige and give the architectural style of the building an elitist charm.

Dormer windows of a country house

Ksenia Skvortsova. Chief Editor. Author.
Planning and distribution of responsibilities in the content production team, work with texts.
Education: Kharkov State Academy of Culture, specialty “Culturologist. Lecturer in History and Theory of Culture. Experience in copywriting: From 2010 to the present. Editor: since 2016.

Comments 0

Even a non-residential attic space needs to be equipped with windows. This helps to simplify its use and save on electricity. But such structures should be chosen and installed as carefully as possible in order to exclude the slightest errors.

Peculiarities

Roofs on residential buildings are quite diverse, but the most popular are structures with inclined slopes. Thanks to them, it is possible to make voluminous attics, make it easier for snow to fall and rain to drain down. But in order for the building to really become complete, it is necessary to equip windows in the roof. Once they were used exclusively for ventilation, and then it was discovered that such structures allow you to increase illumination and visually expand the space. Traditionally, small windows in the roof are called dormer windows, but sometimes they are made large, and ventilation and stabilization of the building are provided by other means.

Kinds

The dormer window is such a kind of "house" with a pair of external slopes. Attic openings are located on the same level with the slope and are not covered by canopies, which allows them to let in maximum light. For vertically directed dormer windows, it is necessary to form a special frame. As a rule, they are made triangular, not sinking the area from the side of the pediment inward, but exposing it in the same plane as the facade. In the acute-angled roof, the pediments are sometimes equipped with large frames, supplemented with atypical details borrowed from temple architecture.

Roof viewing windows can be installed on single-pitched, double-pitched, and sloping roofs.

Any types of roof structures can be combined with openings of various sizes and geometries. Whether to put such openings on the surface of the roof or on the pediment is up to the homeowners to decide. There are usually no technical obstacles to either solution. If a flat roof is equipped with windows, the drain sometimes has to be supplemented with new gutters with a slope of 5 to 15 degrees.

A roof hatch is needed no less, and sometimes more than a simple window.

Getting out of it is much more convenient, especially if you need to inspect and repair those located high or in hard-to-reach places:

antennas;
air conditioning systems;
drains;
skates;
lightning rods.

Even in the absence of such elements at the top without a hatch, according to the rules, only a roof whose area does not exceed 100 square meters can be operated. m. At the exit from the hatch, an external or sliding ladder can be installed. Quite often, ladders are mounted close to the walls, as well as roof ladders. Stepladders are usually placed perpendicular to the horizon in the plane of the outer wall. Any ladder must be protected from corrosion and made in such a way that it is absolutely safe to use it. On a flat roof it is more convenient to climb an external staircase, which is thoroughly attached to the walls.

Returning to the windows, one cannot but say about their ceiling options. Such designs are made in a very different style, may differ in shape. Their role is not limited to the simple illumination of the attic room - often only such a technique allows you to create a light and romantic atmosphere in your home. It is not necessary to use a simple rectangular or square system: round windows look even better.

The installation of stained glass helps to complement the unusual feeling.

Antiaircraft windows compete with the usual lighting elements and stained-glass windows. They should be assembled by qualified specialists, since it is impossible to do everything qualitatively outside a specific technology.

They are never made flat, consumers have a choice between shapes such as:

cut cone;
semicircle;
dome;
trapezoid.

Thanks to the special configuration and carefully thought-out assembly, the light diffusion fully realizes the design intent. When creating skylights, in addition to glass, polycarbonate can be used; moreover, simple glass elements cannot withstand the required load in most cases. With the help of lanterns, it is possible to illuminate halls and attics that cannot be equipped with the required number of windows. It is this method of illumination that is used in buildings of a large area, when it is required to illuminate a room that stretches 20-30 meters in length.

It takes a few button presses to open the zenith window.

Moreover, some of these structures are equipped with systems that automatically open access to the roof in the event of a fire or other emergency. In residential buildings, this approach is practiced only occasionally, mainly where skylights bring a sense of luxury and increase the overall decorative appearance of the building. Electronic equipment, if provided, is mounted together with the mechanics. Before the final fixing of glass or polycarbonate, their position is carefully regulated.

A triangular window in the roof is installed when the main rafter system is equipped. Despite the differences in the finished shape, the exit openings should be in the form of a standard rectangle. Then they put the vertical forms of the rafters, bringing the edges of the triangular structure beyond the contours of the main opening. The ridge beam connects the floor beams with the highest point of the triangle and goes strictly horizontally. In most cases, a bar with a section of 10x5 cm is enough.

Such a product differs from a conventional wall window in the presence of a surfacing - a protrusion, inside which a seal is located; to the ledge and press the mounted double-glazed window. In most cases, glazing is not made directly on the frame, but on special linings, which reduce the risk of chips and deformations. Sprosses help to improve the aesthetic properties of the system, that is, special weaves of the internal parts of double-glazed windows. To secure the package, glazing beads are used. Most often, the size of the fixing profiles for a particular frame size varies, as a balance must be struck between holding the glass and maintaining its integrity.

A blind light window is not intended for ventilation or access to the outside. It is often assumed that the compilation of such structures from just a few parts allows them to be installed without unnecessary difficulties. But this is not entirely true, if only because there are only partially blind windows. They allow you to save money and drastically reduce the load on parts of the fittings. The fewer moving elements, the smaller it is, and therefore the window as a whole will work longer.

Most often, blind windows are made from a PVC profile, which is additionally strengthened.

Fixed glazing is preferable already because it saves customers money. The exclusion of the leaf profile and special fittings immediately reduces the fee by 30-40%. Even if the window breaks, it will be easier, faster and cheaper to repair it than a design with opening parts. It is required to replace everything at once only with complete destruction, and it does not happen so often. The bulk of the defects are eliminated by replacing the double-glazed window without affecting the profile.

Blind windows are much more efficient than opening ones. in terms of heat conservation, because the glazing bead is invariably denser than the strongest and most stable fittings. Importantly, the only limitation during installation is the strength of the double-glazed window. And if there are sashes, you also need to take into account the size of the fittings and the permissible load on the hinges, which limits the size of the structure. Not to mention the fact that the closed frame occupies only the space of the opening and allows you to better use the internal volume of the attic.

The lack of air access is the most obvious of the difficulties when using blind windows.

Usually this problem is solved by ventilation, but this alternative is not always and everywhere acceptable. The larger the double-glazed window, the higher the risk that it will be broken. Preventive measures (booking) partially eliminate the danger, but then you will have to forget about saving money. It is very difficult to wash a sealed window, often such work ends in falls from a height; evacuation during an emergency is also difficult, so all this must be taken into account.

materials

With all the differences in the shape, size and design of roof windows, they have a common feature - the use of a strictly limited range of materials. Metal-plastic structures have such undoubted advantages as environmental friendliness, long service life, external attractiveness and affordability. In any case, the value of the type of material is greater than the name of the company that undertakes the work. In turn, a double-glazed window is more important than a profile, because it is thinner in execution. A simple plastic roof window is preferable because it practically does not transmit heat, the thermal expansion of the profile and glass is very close, besides, it has a decent modulus of elasticity and easily transfers loads.

Wooden products look beautiful and last a long time, but significant technological difficulties do not allow them to be made cheap.

Even the quality of wood, which is better than that of PVC, does not allow it to leave the elite niche. For the production of windows of the highest category, Siberian cedar or teak are used, both species serve over 100 years. Larch falls short of this bar quite a bit. Pine wood is relatively cheap, windows made of it last about 60 years, which is quite acceptable in practice.

Products made of pure aluminum are worse than wood and plastic, as their thermal conductivity is high. In addition, aluminum and glass have different rates of thermal expansion, so window use time is shortened. Given these problems and the relative softness of the metal, it is recommended to use it for decorative purposes or harmoniously combine it with polyvinyl chloride - this is how they mutually extinguish each other's shortcomings. As far as glass composites are concerned, practically zero thermal conductivity is crossed out by instability at any severe frost.

Design

Having chosen the geometry and material for the roof window, you need to carefully understand its design. The chalet style is characterized by panoramic windows occupying a significant area. Romanesque (medieval style) structures are comparatively small and more like slits. If the building is designed in the Gothic spirit, it is worth using arrow-shaped openings directed upwards or imitation of fire tongues (this is already late Gothic). Not everyone, of course, will be satisfied with such a stylistic set.

Baroque architecture is best combined with curvilinear windows- round, elliptical and so on. A subspecies of such elements is French windows, which start almost from the floor itself. Classicism in the form in which it came to the end of the 18th - beginning of the 19th centuries always looks simple and monumental. Symmetric constructions and geometrically correct elements are widely used. It will not be a stylistic mistake to use imposts on the lower doors and intricately curved lintels.

A completely different approach to the design of translucent structures was approached in the modern era - from the beginning of the 20th century.

Imitating this stylistic direction, you will have to abandon any straight lines and angular designs. It is allowed to use additional crossbars for the upper transoms equipped with straight or rounded mullions. Often transoms are divided into small segments, but the lower part of the wings always remains intact. Functional styles, which appeared a little later, are distinguished by the use of asymmetrical sashes. Constructivism is primarily expressed in strict square and rectangular designs, but art deco lovers should prefer stepped or zigzag windows, an abundance of curved planes.

Dimensions

Regardless of the style and shape, the dimensions of the windows on the roof are clearly regulated by the provisions of GOST. There are many attractive offers on the market, but it is quite easy to understand them. As in a regular attic, every 10 sq. m attic should be illuminated with 1 sq. m glazing. If a children's or living room is equipped inside, the ratio is already 8: 1. You can increase the illumination of the interior space by mounting windows on both slopes at once.

Dimensions and configuration are also selected taking into account the planning scheme of the roof. Tall windows work best on flat roofs. Small translucent structures are optimal for toilet rooms: they just need a certain intensity of illumination and difficulty in peeping from the outside.

The opening axis can be located:

in the middle;
top;
2/3 in height.

Placement in the center is recognized by experts as the most convenient and practical, and the other two methods will not allow you to accidentally get injured when the window is open. Observation of the outside world and what is happening there will be quite possible if the window is 1 m high and wide.

Usually the distance from the floor is 90 - 120 cm.

The first of these figures is the minimum and should not be underestimated in any case. On the roof with a slope of 35 degrees, windows are installed 1.6 m in length, and if it is 70 degrees, then the frame is made already 1 - 1.2 m in length.

Device options

The design of the window in the acute-angled roof allows you to place large frames on the gables, while using original details. In houses of old construction, which have retained the same architectural features, it is advisable to use the usual dormer window. When the dwelling is more modern in spirit, the use of the attic format is already allowed here. An important difference between dormer windows is that they are not installed without special niches in the roof. The number of fasteners is very large in this case.

Skylights are simply fastened into the gaps of the rafters. Such elements, in addition to their main function, turn out to be a barrier to water flows. Therefore, they are recommended to be mounted on sloping roofs, the angle of inclination of which is from 15 to 20 degrees. It is necessary to think over the whole scheme very carefully when drawing up a drawing. Much attention is paid to protecting the interior from cold air, wind and precipitation.

A special type of roof window is the "balcony".

Using it allows you to correct the shortcomings of the designers and still use an almost full-fledged balcony in the attics. A similar technological solution was found relatively recently, when designers from Western European countries got to work. The concept of a transformer is taken as a basis, and the exact selection of dimensions for the parameters of buildings helps not to overload the facades beyond measure.

How to do it yourself?

Dormer windows begin to be made by thinking through and assembling the frame. It is advisable to combine this work with the arrangement of the roof rafters as a whole. The window should have an autonomous ridge beam, its own rafters and lathing, a roofing pie is superimposed on them. In fact, this is another roof, only in a miniature version. The installation of rafter legs for fencing the opening should be made of the most durable materials: after all, they will have to bear the load from all the components and the roof.

The transverse beam, located at the bottom, is placed flush with the outer wall. The top one is positioned according to how high the window wants to be. Vertical racks abut against the lower beam and then fastened at the top with a transverse crossbar. A longitudinally directed beam must be added to the finished frame, which will connect it with a beam resting against the rafters. This frame is later supplemented with rafters, they need to be built in the same way as under the main roof of the dwelling.

The fastening of the jumpers should be done without cutting into the base of the rafter legs, because then they will be too weak.

Fasteners are stocked in advance, carefully checking whether they are made of good metal. After completing the installation of the frame with your own hands, it is imperative to evaluate its evenness. The check is carried out by a level and a plumb line, and even the most insignificant distortions are unacceptable in principle. Without such a test, it is undesirable to lay the skate and expose the rafters.

The side planes of the windows are covered with waterproof materials; increased attention is paid to probable leak points. Such problems often appear at the joints and at the corners, at the outlets of pipes and ventilation.

All these areas are supplied with waterproofing, for it can be used:

clamping bars;
membranes;
weather-resistant sealants based on silicone.

The lower rafters are recommended to be made according to templates, and before installation, unnecessary parts are sawn off, giving the product the required size. Having put all the details in place, the roof of the window is sheathed with hydrophobic plywood and selected roofing. Plywood is placed moving from above the ridge beam, this is especially important on a steep slope. The sheet should be clearly oriented along the upper end. When the plywood is attached, they go down, measure and adjust other corner details.

Working with a mansard roof seems easier because there is no need to build "houses". But in fact, just for this reason, the list of requirements only grows. With the help of the awning, protection against mechanical loads is provided. A salary from a variety of materials is chosen according to the type of roofing, since it must be flush with the slope.

Additionally, an external circuit is mounted to protect the structure from heat loss and from getting wet.

Blinds and curtains are almost never supplied as a set., so they have to be bought separately, focusing on interior design and your own taste preferences. Still be sure to use slopes. Having found out how many windows will have to be installed, what their size will be, proceed to the markup. The necessary points are marked with a reserve of 20-30 mm on the right and left; top and bottom marks should have a reserve of 100-150 mm. When cutting waterproofing materials, it is worthwhile to provide a margin of 0.2 m in all directions compared to the size of the window.

If the main roof has already been laid on top, it is removed or cut off in the intended place. In some cases, it is necessary to dismantle the truss structures that interfere with normal operation. Below, 80-100 mm from the crate, a support beam is nailed, its cross section is 5 cm. The lower part of the waterproofing must be filled onto this beam, and its top is attached to the crate. The side sections of the waterproofing material are supposed to be pulled out.

Frame fastening from different manufacturers cannot be done in the same way.

It is best to read the instructions that come with the kit, or get advice from the official representative of the supplier. When the installation of the frame is completed, brackets are attached to it. From above, a heater is necessarily attached, at the bottom it is laid out on a support bar. Now you can mount the sash and adjust the tightness of its pressing using the top brackets.

The previously released edges of the waterproofing are attached to the frame, and a heater is placed under them. A drainage gutter is mounted at the top, which should take into account the design specifics of the window modification. Almost always at this stage, they again turn to technical documentation or to the help of consultants. The window is equipped on the outside with an apron that saves from leaks.

The edges of the aprons are brought under the crate, and a gutter is placed above the lower ones. It is unacceptable to fill the joints with mounting foam. It increases the waterproofing properties of the joints, but a strong flow pressure can distort the geometry of the window unit. Experienced craftsmen use weather-resistant sealants. When creating both dormers and dormer windows, it is required to use equipment and safety devices for working at height.

Spectacular examples

For a private house, you can use a variety of designs of roof windows. This is how one of the solutions looks like - a noble black window block that opens up. Its external appeal is harmoniously combined with discreet light brown metal tiles around.

But here they did not make a color contrast - they simply played on the symmetry of the two structures.

Blind rectangular windows in a very steep roof slope look quite nice.

A balcony format window may look like this: one part rises, and the other, which has a medium-height barrier around the perimeter, turns out. As you can clearly see from the photograph, if everything is calculated correctly, the system is quite stable and beautiful, nothing prevents you from going out into the fresh air. This is how one of the final stages of the installation of elegant windows on the roof looks like: the crate is already stuffed, but the facing material has not yet been laid out. And these white windows, built into a small protruding "house", will leave few indifferent, especially because of the contrast with the soft reddish roof trim.

A dormer window is a frame with glass that is built into the plane of the roof.

It can have a wide variety of shapes and designs, thanks to which the look of the whole house becomes original and unique and the building acquires its own style.

What are dormer windows?

Types of dormer windows are determined by the shape of the roof above the window and design features: with a flat roof;

quadrangular single slope;

With a hip roof

· triangular;

quadrangular with a gable roof;

Panoramic with a trapezoid roof;

attic;

round or semi-circular;

full glass and many other options.

Dormer windows on the roof serve to ventilate the room in which no one lives, so that all wooden structures do not rot.

They are used as a door to the roof for repairs and maintenance, as well as an emergency exit in case of fire and other incidents. There are 4 main types of dormers:
In a gable wall. The location of this design is the top of the end wall between the slopes. As a rule, this area has a triangular shape. Such a dormer window is quite easy to mount, since no additional structures are required for it.
Dormer. This design is located above the roof slope and protrudes above it. The design of such an element is not simple, so the calculations will have to work hard. The most important thing is to strengthen the supporting structure of the roof and waterproof the window well. Dormer, in turn, has many modifications: gable, single-slope, arched, triangular, built-in, panoramic.

Antidormer. It is the antipode of a dormer, that is, it is arranged in the very slope of the roof and does not protrude beyond it. This type of dormer is not very common, although it is easier to construct and less expensive. But at the same time, the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe attic space is reduced.

Tilt window. Another name is a roof window, which is in line with the roof. These are the most modern designs, a huge variety of forms of which are represented by metal-plastic products. They do not add special beauty to the roof, but they do an excellent job with their functions: they let in a stream of light, do not require the installation of additional load-bearing elements and perfectly protect against moisture and water.

Helpful Hints

If you like a structure similar to the roof, the drawing should be ready at the stage of developing the roof frame. In the process of sketching and designing, everything needs to be well thought out, including the types of windows, as well as their number and location.

Many years of experience have shown that it is not worthwhile to place dormer window structures near the fronts, at a small distance from the ridge and near the cornices. The step between the windows should be such that it is easy to lay the roofing material. If the distance is small, snow will accumulate in the gaps, and preventive inspections of the roof will be difficult. Therefore, the minimum step between windows is 80 cm.

The lower edge of the window opening should be at a height of about 90 cm from the level of the attic floor. The owners are free to choose the height, it depends on the height of the ceiling of the attic itself.

Video instructions for installing a dormer window with your own hands:

Window installation

The installation of dormer windows on the roof begins immediately after the installation of a common truss system for the entire roof. Everything must be foreseen in advance.

The frame for the dormer window is made of beams, but sometimes the side walls are laid out with bricks. In this case, the side walls should rest on the floor beams and be located at right angles to the outer wall. If the window opening is too wide, you need to compensate for the load. To do this, use reinforced rafter legs (2-3 pieces together), framing the window opening.

Experts do not recommend cutting jumpers into rafters, this weakens the entire structure. The best option for fixing all elements is metal fasteners. Increased attention should be paid to the installation of the waterproofing layer. The window structure itself is insulated with the same material as the entire roof.

The frame for the window itself is another miniature roof, so you need to be very careful when calculating. Answering the question of how to make a frame for a dormer window, we give the sequence of work below:
Protect the openings with rafter legs prepared in size from durable wooden beams that can withstand the load of the entire frame.
Lay the cross beams, while the lowest element should be at the level of the wall of the house, and the top one - at your own discretion, depending on the height of the window.
Place the uprights on the lower horizontal beam, which is at the level of the outer wall, and tie them together with the upper cross beam.

Fasten the frame to the top beam using the longitudinal bars.
Check the position of the frame both vertically and horizontally.
Lay the ridge beam and rafter legs of the miniature window roof. It is better to make a template and cut out these elements on it.
Sheathe the walls on both sides with a durable moisture-resistant material.

The coating on the roof of the window and on the roof of the building itself are mounted at the same time, so that the roof is solid, durable and of high quality. When installing dormer windows, you need to be very careful so that the intended decoration of the roof and the house does not turn into its defect.

If you have a living space in the attic, then the design of the dormer window is used for lighting.

True, experts say that such openings let much less sun into the house than attic ones, since the side walls prevent light from entering inside.

They can be installed on the roof of almost any design - single-pitched, gable, four-pitched, broken, multi-gable.

There are a wide variety of options for combining the roof of the house with the view of the opening, and it can be placed both on the roof itself and on the pediment.

If you have chosen a flat roof option for your home, then it should be borne in mind that such a device must be equipped with additional gutters for drainage.

Therefore, the roof must be made at a slope of approximately 5 to 15º.

The quadrangular variant with a gable and shed roof is similar in design to a flat roof window, but the slope angle of the slopes should be from 15 º.

Triangular options are often found on the roof of private houses and summer cottages. Instead of side walls, it has slopes.

So you can mount it with fewer joints, but much less light will enter the room.

The round shape looks very interesting. It makes the appearance of the house very unusual.

The most interesting option, both in terms of functionality and appearance, is a dormer window in the form of a skylight.

It makes the house visually lighter and more airy, and it lets a lot of sun into the rooms.

The roof window is also attached between the rafters. Use them on slopes 15 - 20º. This is a barrier to water flow, so the device of this option is very complex.

Making this product with your own hands is almost impossible, so it is best to order ready-made wooden or plastic windows from specialists.

Finished products from manufacturers have a special salary, which, when opened, protects the room from water ingress.

Dormer window design

Before creating a drawing of your future dormer window, you should familiarize yourself with the requirements of SNiP, since the implementation of building codes for the installation of a dormer or roof window with your own hands is necessary.

By adhering to these requirements, you will receive a reliable and durable product, with powerful performance parameters.

· Installation is possible only if the roof has an inclination angle of 35º;

Superstructures must be placed at a clearly defined distance from the outer walls;

The sashes must be at least 0.6 by 0.8 m, that is, the size of the opening must be at least 1.2 by 0.8 m;

· If you want to make an opening with a hip roof, then it will not continue the wall of the house.

As for materials, copper, metal sheets, tiles are used for sheathing. Some options may have their own roof, ledges, gutters.

If a very large opening is made in the roof, then it can serve as a balcony.

Based on the parameters of your home, it also depends on what types of dormer windows you can make.

skylight frame

When you have determined the dimensions of your opening, you should develop drawings of the future product. It should not only fulfill its functions, but also decorate the facade of the house.

Experts say that the total width of the auditory openings should be more than half the width of the attic.

After you have drawn up a drawing, you can start the device of the product with your own hands. Production must begin when the roof support system of the entire structure is installed.

The roof of the opening has its own load-bearing structures and crate, if it is gable, then it has its own hobby. The design of the auditory opening is similar to the design of the roof of the house, only miniature.

First, the pediments are made on the roof of the house, then the ridge beam and rafters are attached. Holes are made in the right places.

They are protected by very strong rafters, as they will bear the entire load. You can use double and even triple rafters.

After that, beams are attached across the rafters. The lower beam will be placed at the level of the outer wall of the building. And the top - as provided by the size of the future window.

Next, racks are placed on the underlying beam, which are connected from above with a bar. A further device involves linking the structure to the upper beam using beams. In recent years, the use of skylights has become more and more widespread. In addition, occupying the same roof area, they give more light, thanks to the slope, in addition, they are much easier to arrange.

Yet the dilemma often arises: what to choose? If the house was built a long time ago and it is necessary to adhere to some architectural framework, then in this case, most likely, a dormer window will do. If the house was built relatively recently and you just decided to make a residential attic of your house, then an attic may also be suitable.

First, let's look at the auditory variety. For its device, special niches are needed, which the roof must have. The frame of the truss and side walls requires a large number of connections to the main roof, it is quite difficult to make it “by eye”. Therefore, you need a drawing created by a good specialist. The pediment and side walls are sheathed with construction plywood and sheathed with facade material. Roofing materials are laid on the roof at the same level as the main roof. The junction of the dormer window to the roof is waterproofed and insulated.

The roof window is fixed between two rafters. Mansards serve as a barrier to water flows, therefore such a structure is usually equipped mainly on roofs with a slope of 15-20 degrees. Modern roof windows are quite complex structures that have good protection against leaks and cold. It will be very difficult to make it on your own, so that it turns out to be of high quality and reliable. Therefore, you will make your life easier by simply buying it from a reliable manufacturer. Fastening to the roof is carried out using a base plate. To drain water, the frame has a special salary, represented by a metal frame, which is located around the perimeter. In order to open it, the design has friction hinges, which are located just above the center of the window. They open the window frame so that all the water that enters it flows onto the roof and does not get inside.

MAKE A WINDOW IN THE READY ROOF

In private homes, there is often a need for a window opening in the roof. Completely redoing the roof is a rather long and expensive task, therefore it is possible to construct an auditory opening using several techniques.
Determine where the window will be

Window parameters should occupy no more than 10% of the area of the space below them. Large windows on the roof provoke a large loss of heat. In addition, their glasses are not strong enough and not as resistant to external influences as it is necessary. The best option is to position the window clearly in the center between the two roof beams.

Installing the window frame

Cut the desired opening for the window opening in the slate and begin assembling the window frame. It is installed on the supporting roof rafters using a special wooden frame 40x50 mm. It is better to fasten it to the rafters using stainless material. The frame is mounted with wood screws with tight fixation to the rafters. You can also mount a frame dormer window that will be parallel to the roof of the house, but such complex structures are best left to professionals.

Sealing and finishing the window opening

Sealants that are suitable for this:

Vapor-proof sealed self-expanding tape;

acrylic;

bituminous;

silicone.

Self-expanding tape, laid in a layer around the perimeter, works best. From above, the gap can be sealed with acrylic material. Such actions are best done in warm and dry weather. If you decide to build a dormer window with your own hands, then let's talk about this in a little more detail.

VARIETY OF DORM WINDOWS

A flat roof dormer is usually mounted with gutters, so the roof should have a slope of 5 to 15 degrees. The quadrangular design with a single or gable roof is similar to a flat roof window, but it must have a slightly larger slope of the slopes, at least 15 degrees.

A triangular dormer window is most often found on the roofs of country houses and cottages. This design does not have side walls, their place is occupied by roof slopes. This leads to a reduction in the amount of waterproofing work, but at the same time reduces the illumination of the attic if the front part of such a window is not directed to the facade of the house. Recently, an interesting solution has appeared in the form of a round shape. In the people, such designs are called "frog mouth" or "bat".

The most functional is a window in the form of a skylight. Visually, this is a lightweight construction that does not weigh down the roof, and it illuminates the attic perfectly. Specialists usually adhere to the following figures when drawing up drawings, determining the number and size of dormer windows: the total width must not exceed half the width of the attic, the lower edges of the dormer windows should be at a height of 0.9 m from the floor; the higher the location of the dormer window, the better the lighting occurs.

frame

The frame of the dormer window is mounted at the time when the roof truss system is being installed. If the roof is gable, the frame has its own crate and its own rafters. Basically it is a separate mini-roof. When a rafter system is being erected, in those places where dormer windows are planned, it is necessary to provide openings that enclose the rafter legs with increased strength, because they will have to take on the mass of the dormer window structure.

Then, transverse beams are laid on the rafter legs: the upper one - according to the size of the window, and the lower one - at the level of the outer wall of the house. Vertical racks are installed on the lower beam, which are connected by a transverse bar along the top. We get a frame, which we fasten with longitudinal bars to the upper beam, which was laid on reinforced rafters. So we get the frame, but so far without the truss system of the window itself. The rafter system in the attic is made following the image of the main roof structure.
triangular window frame

When installing jumper beams, it is undesirable to cut into the rafter legs of the main roof structure in order to prevent a weakening of the bearing capacity. Fastening of all frame elements is carried out using metal fasteners. After checking the frame horizontally and vertically, you can install a ridge beam and small rafters of the dormer roof. The rafters are cut according to the template - this simplifies the work quite well. The side walls are sheathed with moisture resistant material. The roof of the window is mounted simultaneously with the execution of the roofing material on the main roof.

Properly waterproof the joints of the dormer window and the main roof so that there is no leakage.

So the rafters can lose their bearing capacity. All elements must be fastened to metal fasteners.

The rafters can be cut out in a pattern, which will greatly simplify the opening device.

The walls are sheathed with materials that are resistant to moisture, and the roof is made along with the installation of the roof of the whole house.

Particular attention should be paid to isolating the joints from moisture in order to prevent leaks.

Membranes, silicone sealants, clamping strips are used as insulating materials.

If you want to make a do-it-yourself skylight, then such a device is installed directly in the roof.

Their advantage is that they let more sunlight into the rooms, and installation is much faster.

How to make such a window in the finished roof?

Often, homeowners need to install a dormer window already in the finished roof.

Redoing it completely is not a cheap task, as a result of which many are interested in how to make such a window on their own. The manufacture of such an option is not at all difficult.

It is better to place the dormer window in the center between the supporting beams. So the window will be stronger and more stable.

An opening is cut in the roofing material. After installing the frame on the supporting rafters.

Fasten it with self-tapping screws, fixing it very tightly.

The window opening should be carefully sealed with bituminous, silicone or acrylic sealant or vapor barrier tape.