Clinker brick for facade sizes. What sizes have single bricks. A variety of modern clinker brick collections

Facing the external walls with brick helps to improve the appearance of the building and protect the main laying on the negative effects of the environment. The clinker brick for the facade is durable and durable, and the diverse palette of natural shades and exquisite textures that imitate natural stone will allow to create exquisite finishing options and enlarge the facade of the house.

What makes?

The composition of the clinker facade brick includes a mixture of plastic refractory refractory clays, which contain:

Aluminum oxide in the range of 17-23%. Reduces firing viscosity, thereby reducing the deformation of the final product.
Iron oxide up to 8%. The excess of this chemical compound under the firing overlaps the carbon dioxide yield. Because of this phenomenon, the surface is sweeping.
Calcium in the range of 7-8%. Excess leads to deformation, increasing porosity and reduces strength.
Magnesium oxide is 3-4%. Surplus this compound gives a large shrinkage.

Production technology

The classic clinker is produced manually in Germany at Wittmunder Torfbrand Klinkerwerk and burn at 1200-1400 ° C in annular ovens 10-14 days. It makes brick superproof, and color is unique. Silver and gold clinker became a business card of the plant.
With any type of material manufacturing, its mandatory firing is carried out.
In addition to piece manufacturing, there are modern automated production. With any method of forming, an extrusive method or semi-dry press, the firing step will be the same. For this use two-plate tunnel stoves. Brick moves on the conveyor through the chambers with different temperature regime from 1000 to 1400 ° C. The clay socks completely and turns into aesthetically attractive monolithic stone.

Extrusive method
The finished plastic mass is moved to the extruder.
Under the pressure of the clay passes through the holes of a certain form and configuration.
The resulting long strip is cut according to the predetermined brick width.
Raw materials are sent to drying to humidity of 2-3%.

The method of semi-dry pressing
The clay is cleaned, dried, crushed to powder state.
Moisturize the ferry and fall asleep into molding.
Powder, by compression in 15-40 megapascals, compress.
Raw materials are moved to the drying chambers, where it is withstanding about 48 hours at a temperature of 80-85 ° C to the required level of humidity.

Pros and cons

Semi-dry material pressing significantly reduces its final cost.
Energy consumption of the method of semi-dry pressing below the method of extrusion forming and, as a result, the cost of brick is reduced. However, to get the perfect geometry and the impeccable quality of the material with the press will be more difficult. Such products are inferior and in terms of density by the fact that they are manufactured on the conveyor-extruder. But they are more expensive.

Sizes and characteristics
The finish of the facade of high-rise buildings occurs only by the hollow brick to reduce the load on the foundation. The difference in weight reaches 35%. Facing a clinker brick house with slotherapy has a lower thermal conductivity coefficient, which makes it better to maintain heat in the house. According to GOST 530-2012, the clinker material for the facade should have an indicator of frost resistance of at least 75 cycles, a storage brand - from M250, the level of water absorption is 3-5%, the density class is 2.0 and the standard dimensions specified in the table:
Material dimensions may have minor errors.
GOST provides for permissible deviations, (indicators are indicated in mm):
length ± 4;
width ± 3;
thickness ± 2;
for curvature:
surface ± 3;
ribs ± 3.

For decorating, convenient fractional dimensions are produced: "Four", "half", "three quarters". Clinker brick of European manufacturers has its markings and format:
Marking Dimensions, mm.
Df. 240 × 115 × 52
Rf 240 × 115 × 65
Nf. 240 × 115 × 71
WDF. 210 × 100 × 65
2DF. 240 × 115 × 113
Types of clinker bricks for the facade

The material can be made with a rounded edge.
Clinker In addition to the standard rectangular parallelepiped has many forms: internal roundings and external, beveled corners, straight and semicircular sections. It is possible to make a collection of clinker facing brick under an individual project with non-standard decoration elements and color solutions.

Marking	Dimensions, mm.
Df.	240 × 115 × 52
Rf	240 × 115 × 65
Nf.	240 × 115 × 71
WDF.	210 × 100 × 65
2DF.	240 × 115 × 113

Find a decent competitor to a brick facing or, as it is also called the facial, quite difficult. The house, in the outer decoration of which this material is used, always attracts attention and looks presentable. Facial brick is different from the usual building texture and surface (face), as well as the composition (limestone, cement, dyes). Receive this durable and durable material through the technology of plastering. When building a house, we use different sizes of facing bricks, but they are all coordinated with generally accepted standards.

Weight and sizes of facing brick

Facing brick differs in its technical characteristics, weight, cost, appearance, dimensions. There are optimal standards specified by GOST, which relate to the size of this material. Therefore, parties are usually accompanied by certification documents. The GOST brick should have dimensions with dimensions of 250/120/65 mm, where the first indicator is the length, the second - width, and the third - thickness. The unified standard for brick production was installed in the last year of the last century and since then remains unchanged. This standard refers to both facial and construction. The product can be manufactured using various technologies, but its size will always be standard:

Double brick has dimensions 250/138 mm;

Standard single 250/120/65 mm;

Thickened 250/120/88 mm.

However, at the request of the customer, it is possible to manufacture the facial bricks of a different form, but even these non-standard forms are stipulated in Guest. Most often, you order a brick size of 0.7 NF, which has parameters 250/85/65 mm. It is used in the restoration of the facades of old buildings to reduce the load on the foundation. The standard product has a weight from 3.2 to 5 kg, so that the builder can raise it with one hand for the convenience of the installation process. Standard facing brick size helps to correctly calculate the required amount of material on a cubic or square meter. Construction experts argue that it is the standard proportions of the product that make the desired facade strength. This makes it possible to evenly distribute the load and provide resistance to cracks. In addition, the size set allows you to lay out the cube.

Table of size and designation of bricks according to GOST 530-2012

Brick species

In addition to finishing a house, the facing brick is used in the device of pillars and columns of fences, fences in gardens and parks, arbor, arches and small architectural forms. Any material has unified forms, but it must have two sides with a decorative surface - spoons and agun. This is the "face" of the material.

There are several types of this building material:

Ceramic - can be hollow or full. The latter option, respectively, has a greater weight, which is worth considering when calculating the load on the foundation.

Clinker - has a dense structure, which ensures moisture resistance and frost resistance.

Hypersed - manufactured from clay and sand, in the context has an expressive chip, similar to natural stone.

Silicate - used less often due to low decorative qualities. However, has a low price.

Ceramic facing brick

Ceramic brick is made of a special brick clay, which is first formed, and then burns. This facial material is considered one environmentally friendly and safe materials in construction that do not spell no impurities. Ceramics does not absorb moisture and can "breathe".

Ceramic option

Pluses of ceramic brick:

Fire safety;

Good sound insulation qualities;

The ability to withstand temperature fluctuations;

A wide range of size, forms and prices;

Ease of installation.

In addition, facing brick has a standard shape and uniform color. On the surface of the material there are no splits and cracks.

Cons builders from ceramic material:

Fairly high cost;

With violation of manufacturing technology, it can become fragile.

Standard material dimensions are as follows: 25/12 / 6.5. The weight of the product ranges from 2.7 to 6 kg, depending on the size (single, double).

The clinker facial brick is made from a special clay, from which the product is formed and burned in the furnace at a temperature of 1200 ֯ C. The product is obtained very durable due to the strong grip of clay particles. The color difference may appear by pigmentation. In order to prevent strong drops in the shades of the material in the manufacture of manufacturers use the standard formula. This facing material may be dense or with internal cavities.

Clinker

Pluses of clinker brick:

Minimally absorbs moisture;

Resistant to temperature differences;

No effect burnout in the sun;

Is a good heat insulator;

Wide selection of textures and shades;

Long service life;

Optimal mechanical strength;

Good decorative features.

From such a material arrange tracks, terraces.

Of the minuses of clinker bricks can be noted:

Its high weight, which creates an additional burden on the foundation.

Most cost.

It is worthwhile that adhesion with various solutions of the brick is difficult, because it does not absorb water.

Installation of this brick is a time-consuming process that requires the participation of specialists. Do not install a clinker brick in hot weather, when the initial wall is very heated. Moisture will have time to dry during the time he has time to penetrate the structure of the product. Standard sizes of base brick 240/115/71 mm. Weight can vary from 1.6 to 6 kg, depending on the size.

Hypersed facing brick is produced by semi-dry hyperpress of natural origin (limestone, sewer). Sometimes the technologies are used by mechanical method. As a result, the material with an unusual relief is obtained - in the process of manufacture in the starting material, dyes are added, which allow you to obtain a wide color spectrum material. Such material is often used to facade facades not only single-storey, but also multi-storey houses.

Hyperpressed

Pluses of hyperpressed brick:

The high degree of adhesion of the components of the material provides it with maximum indicators of moisture and frost-resistant:

Perfect geometry;

Standard, accurate dimensions.

However, there are many cons of this material and rarely mention producers, which is unfair. Indeed, with the selection of optimal material for facing the facade of the house, the applicant expects to obtain comprehensive information about all the technological characteristics of the material.

Cons of hypercupated brick:

Changes color over time, entry into the sun (refuted by manufacturers);

Temperature expansions of hypercupated bricks lead to cracks;

The high mass of the product requires the construction of a powerful foundation, which is able to withstand the alleged loads;

Zero vapor permeability, which requires to take care of the air gap in the masonry (in doubt the manufacturers).

The dimensions of the standard material 250/120/65 mm, and the weight is 4.5 kg.

The composition of the silicate facing material is limestone, sand, which is fastened with water. If you break the proportion, it can lead to low-quality products, so manufacturers carefully monitor the process at all stages. To give material strength and density, it is pressed.

Silicate

Pluses of silicate brick:

Safety and environmental safety;

Biological stability;

Increased density guarantees high sound insulation qualities;

Ease of installation;

A small cost, which is possible due to the low production cost;

You can combine with any types of solutions.

Facing silicate brick has high geometric accuracy. It is manufactured in accordance with the adopted standards, so that it has clear angles and a flat surface. This material is frost-resistant and can freeze and delay several dozen times without loss of quality.

Cons of silicate material:

Large water permeability (7-8%);

High thermal conductivity, which requires additional facade insulation;

Large weight (more than ceramic by 30%) requires the construction of a reliable foundation.

The size depends on the type of brick. Standard size - 250/120/65 mm. Weight varies from 2.5 to 6 kg.

Features and benefits of facial bricks

Use it for the facade - a familiar practice. Thanks to a wide range, you can choose the optimal version of the material to your taste, determined with the thickness, height and length of the product. Such facades are distinguished by a beautiful aesthetic species and durability. Basically, popular types of facial bricks are well held warm and do not miss sounds. However, it is always worth considering that it is rather heavy, which creates a load on the foundation and has a relatively high cost. Special adhesive compositions should be used to work with this material. But still a brick is considered the most optimal option for facing the facade and base, if compared with synthetic materials or natural stone.

Photo gallery bricks

House lined with silicate material

The finishing of facades with silicate brick was popular in the 90s, when there were practically no attractive materials on the market

Facade with ceramic

Facade finishing with hypercasted material

Among modern building materials, a clinker brick was widespread in the sphere of outer and interior decoration. It is actively used to design facades and interior objects of various purposes - restaurants, educational institutions, as well as residential buildings. Such a high interest in this material can be explained by the presence of such positive qualities as high strength, long service life and pleasant design.

Description of material

For a better understanding, which represents this material, you need to get acquainted with the technology of its manufacture. Clinker brick is a material that is made of refractory clays, exposing them to burn at a temperature of more than 1100 degrees. Using this method allows you to get brick With a homogeneous structure, without extraneous impurities and with a minimum content of pores. This technology allows you to produce a super long product with excellent technical characteristics.

Manufacturing technology causes the superiority of this brick on the main operational characteristics over all other famous building materials, including ceramic.

Usal scope

This material on the market is offered in several versions: facade facing, paving brick and facing tiles. The first time it was used exclusively for the device of sidewalks. He quickly confirmed his consistency, and in the future it began to actively apply in the landscaping of the territories. This material is perfect for the design of open spaces in front of shopping centers and administrative buildings, and landscape-park areas look well.

The clinker pavers is very functional and possessing an excellent appearance material, which can easily withstand elevated dynamic and static loads. Due to this, it can be used for paving the territories with intense pedestrian and transport flow.

Main characteristics

This brick is unique Finishing material inherent in certain distinctive features:

Varieties and their features

In the manufacturers produced assortment The following varieties of this finishing material can be detected.

Advantages and disadvantages

To understand whether this finishing material Consider as a substitute for traditional, before buying, it is necessary to get acquainted with its advantages and disadvantages.

The main advantages are:

The disadvantage of this material is one - high price, because of which not every buyer will decide to purchase it.

Popular brands and price

When choosing such a brick for finishing works, each buyer must take into account that the value of the material directly depends on the characteristics of its strength. Manufacturers produce many varieties of this material, which differ from each other by this parameter. Depending on the strength indicator, this product can be classified for types from M250 to M500.

Among them, the M250 and M300 brands are most popular, which are manufactured using shale clay and differ in high technical indicators. Their density is at least 1,500 kg / m 3, frost resistance 150-200 cycles, and the water absorption coefficient can reach 6%.

On the domestic market It offers many manufacturers, among which the products of the following brands use special confidence in consumers:

The cost is one of the main factors to pay attention to many buyers. If we talk about clinker brick, then its cost depends on the size and shape of products, countries and manufacturer, brand and other characteristics. In the domestic market, it is presented in various price segments. The cost of budget decisions begins from 30 rubles, and the price of the most expensive options can reach up to 1000 p. For a unit of goods.

The market for finishing materials presents many types of products from various manufacturers. There are those who enjoy the greatest popularity of buyers. These include clinker brick, which has long become available to Russian consumers. Many of it are chosen not only due to low prices, although this factor often has a significant impact on the decision-making. More practical buyers pay attention primarily to the operational characteristics, and on them this material is an order of magnitude to their competitors.

This applies not only to the appearance, but also the service life, which this material can reach 150 years. It has excellent frost resistance, thermal conductivity and other characteristics that pay attention to many consumers, choosing not just a beautiful material for finishing the facade, but also first of all the goods that protect the walls from the negative impact of weather conditions and retain precious heat in the room. All these requirements this brick corresponds perfectly.

The only task you want to solve the consumer is to decide on the brand. In order not to make mistakes, it is best to give preference for products of well-known manufacturers who value their reputation and will be able to guarantee all the stated characteristics of their products.

It is unlikely that anyone will argue that the term "clinker" is hearing in most Russians. And at the same time, the clinker brick has a history of its existence of about two hundred years. It is popular in European countries and the United States.

Clinker brick has such properties like frost resistance and durability.

The clinker is often used when building buildings in the style of ancient era, but it can perform excellent facing and for the buildings of modernity. In our country, clinker brick is more often used in private construction for elite housing. What are products from clinker, what are their sizes, and what they differ from classical ceramics, talk about it next.

Description of clinker facing material

Clinker products are made from a special kind of refractory clay by means of increasing at elevated temperatures (over 1000 ° C). The result of the burning at such a high temperature becomes a homogeneous composition of products, without voids and particles of foreign origin. Such technology gives a clinker with high strength and durability. Clinker facing material has excellent characteristics in operation: it is racks to water, to frost, creates a good barrier from penetrating sounds and heat leaks. The density of the structure gives it an overly high wear resistance and prevents contamination.

The clinker acts as a universal building material, which allows it to be used in various fields of construction. Such a brick is involved in the construction of new buildings and when reconstructing already worn, they are facing the facades of houses and build columns from it, decorated window openings, etc.

For cladding, a facade clinker or color (or glazed) is used for the facing. Glazed clinkers can not have not only different shades, but are glossy and matte. It depends on the method of glazing.

Conditionally, the method of glazing looks like this: the finished products of the clinker are applied to the paint of the required shade (2 layers), they put them into the oven for a short time. The re-burning is performed at a temperature of more than 1200 ° C. As a result, the coating sinters with the clinker surface. The material that has been glazing has not lost its saturated color for long years.

Frequently often clinker bricks involve in the arrangement of landscape design. Such a kind as a paving clinker, perfectly fits into the natural landscape surrounding natural conditions. When laying paths from clinker products, there is no need to worry about: the tracks do not ruin over time.

Figured brick from clinker is a real find for designer thought. With his participation it is possible to transform the most banal landscape into a whole work of art. The help of clinker is resorted when it is necessary to climb paving areas near major office institutions, since such a brick is able to withstand more significant loads than materials-analogues.

Without a doubt, clinker facing is durable, durable and beautiful. But few people guess that she is also safe from the point of view of ecology. The technology of clinker production does not provide for the addition of chemicals and impurities. Therefore, such a brick is rightfully an environmentally friendly material for construction. What becomes an important factor in the conditions of mass propaganda of environmental protection.

The outdoor finish of the house requires certain knowledge, the presence of taste and money.

When possessing all these qualities with the choice of material for external facing, there will be no problems.

Clinker brick, the most durable and unnecessary to the destructive effects is the most preferred material for finishing the house.

It is able to protect the walls from any impacts, form a stylish and very atmospheric appearance of a house resembling good old buildings.

The properties of this material should be known as much as possible, he deserves.

Clinker brick for facade

Clinker brick is one of the varieties of ceramic material, which has the greatest hardness and durability.

The material is made from a special raw material - kaolin clay, which has special substances in its composition (aluminum oxide, iron oxide, etc.), reinforcing the properties of bricks during firing and give the material a certain shade of color - from the cherry to dark purple about. Gray and black shades gives carbon oxide that appears due to reducing the amount of oxygen during the firing.

There are two technological modes manufacturing clinker bricks. The first, most common - extrusive. Continuous stretching of the plastic material through the molding gaps with periodic trimming is performed.

The second method is individual forming produced for more expensive varieties of material manufactured for specialized registered orders. From the point of view of the stability of the shape and sizes, the first method gives the standard material that facilitates the work is preferable.

The properties of the material allow you to use it into several unusual quality - for example, to finish the pools or paving sidewalks. With these duties, the material copes well effectively.

Photo of house with clinker brick:

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of clinker brick are considered:

High strength, hardness material.
Durability corresponds to the service life of the building.
Practically complete lack of moisture absorption, high frost resistance.
Resistance to sharp temperature differences.
High decorative properties of facial bricks.
Many options for color and texture material.
Resistance to mold formation, fungus, moss, etc.
Lack of burnout from exposure to UV rays.
Does not care.

At the same time, there are deficiencies:

To form a high-quality coverage, you will need to turn to professional mason.
The cost of material and work is much higher than that of other finishing materials.
If necessary, to withstand the same color as much as possible, you will have to immediately buy the desired amount of material from one batch, since the features of the technology can not always provide color stability.

Types of clinker facing bricks

Facing clinker brick can have different types of surface:

Glossy.
Glazed.
Matte.
Corrugated (textured).

In addition, there are several sizes:

Single (1NF).
One-hour (1.4 NF).
Double (2,1 NF).
"Eurostandard" (0.7 NF).
Modular, single (1.3 NF).

According to the density of the block:

Hollow (facing).
Full-time (multifunctional).

In addition to the usual form in the form of a parallelepiped, the clinker facing brick is available in various modifications intended for the neat design of the architectural elements of the building.

Non-standard brick options (good bricks) a lot, all of them are intended for the formation of transitions at different angles., registration of ribs or bends of the plane. There can be about 20 options for non-standard form.

Elements that can be decorated with such blocks:

Erkers.
Columns.
Corners with a rounded or pressed edge.
Arches.
Window sills.
Ground brings.
Correspondures, etc.

In addition, there are several brick formats used in Russia and in Europe:

DF - 240x115x52 mm.
Rf - 240x115x65 mm.
NF - 240x115x71 mm.
WDF - 210x100x65 mm.
2DF - 240x115x113 mm.
3DF - 240x115x175 mm.

In Russia, the NF format is most often used, although there are almost all types of material on sale.. When you purchase, you should specify the format, especially if you plan to combine different types of bricks so that the size of the sizes does not work.

Properties and specifications

Main parameters of clinker facing brick:

Density - 2000 kg / m3.
Thermal conductivity - 1.17 W / m ° C.
Moisture absorption - 3-5%.
Frost resistance - 200 cycles.
Parry permeability - 0.07 mg / (m · h · par).
Acid resistance - 95%.
Fire resistance - not less than 1800 °.
Service life - 130-150 years (some manufacturers declare life of up to 200 years).

Clinker brick firing technology allows you to create a structure practically devoid. The moisture absorption of such material is extremely low, which provides high frost resistance. The only important condition is the absence of open planes (beds) of hollow bricks, in which water can penetrate and break the material during freezing.

Useful feature of clinker brick is the ability to carefully disassemble the facing (for example, if it is necessary to insulate the wall or replacing the failed insulation) and re-lay this brick on a new one. Clinker materials are fairly easily cleaned from the hardened solution, providing the possibility of reuse of cladding.

Preparation of walls to facing

The house lining with clinker brick is made for decades. The presence on the walls of any flaws is a question that requires a complete and final solution to laying a facing brick, since then it will be too late.

Therefore, all available wall disadvantages should be eliminated. In addition, the installation of the insulation must be made on a flat surface that does not form gaps or cavities that can prevent the output of moisture from wall materials and become a place of water accumulation.

The wetting of building materials or insulation will quickly dismiss them and launch the process of destruction, which is unacceptable and must be excluded at the preparation stage.

Stages of production preparation:

Cleaning the surface from all foreign objects or materials. Removal of old paint formed layers, ships.
All flaws of walls already existing or formed during cleaning must be embedded with putty. Cracks should be thoroughly expanded to determine their structure - inside they can expand and form significant cavities.
If problem areas have large sizes and there are too many of them, the best option is to complete wall shockting.
The aligned surface is impregnated with two layers of primer deep penetration - primer. This operation will help strengthen the contact of special glue for insulation with a wall.will secure the upper layers of the wall material, protect them from destruction.
Installation of the insulation is made by ordinary technology - dense rows without cracks or gaps, on special adhesive with additional fastening fungi - dowels with wide hats. As a heater, a cooler service, foam or penplex, and the like are used.

On top of the insulation (vaporuminous), a hermetic layer of waterproofing membrane is necessarily placed.

Technology facing

Laying cladding can be made to form a ventilation gap or without it. The need for ventilation of the submitted space occurs when using a vapor-permeable insulation. When installing non-disgraced species, the clearance is not needed, and the output of the steam from the inside is performed using reinforced ventilation. In this case, the cladding is placed close to the insulation, which requires special attention to its position relative to the plane and vertical.
Staying begins to bottom on the base of the foundation. If its width is small, it should be increasing with a metal corner attached to the foundation by anchors.
The first row of bricks is placed in compliance with the holls between each 3-4 bricks. They are slots in the size of the usual distance between adjacent bricksbut not filled with mortar. Similarly, the topmost row of bricks is drawn up. The intervals will allow ventilating clearance and take water pairs from it.
Laying is carried out with a displacement of 1/2 brick. For stability, the facing every 3-4 row is associated with the wall with anchors. They are installed slightly below the inter-rates and are somewhat harmed up so that the flowing water falls on the waterproofing, and not on the facing. Anchor is refilled in intercussion seams at least 2/3 of length.
The laying technology is no different from the generally accepted. Temperature seams necessary to compensate for thermal extensions are made every 12 meters (on the north side of the house - every 15, dark brick on the illuminated side of the house requires 9 m). Temperature seams are made through the brick joints line and subsequently filled with a sealant or other elastic material that does not transmit water.

Useful video

In this video you will learn about the pros and cons of clinker bricks:

Conclusion

Clinker brick is the most durable and reliable facing material that is capable of serving the centuries. The high price of this material is completely compensated by the lack of concerns after laying, and the properties and quality of facing clinker bricks are a benchmark for all external finishing materials. The appearance of the construction highlights it from a variety of other houses, making the building with solid and solidinally trimmed.

expert-dacha.pro.

Description of clinker facing material

For cladding, a facade clinker or color (or glazed) is used for the facing. Glazed clinkers can not have not only different shades, but are glossy and matte. It depends on the method of glazing.

Figure brick from the clinker is a real find for designer thought. With his participation it is possible to transform the most banal landscape into a whole work of art. The help of clinker is resorted when it is necessary to climb paving areas near major office institutions, since such a brick is able to withstand more significant loads than materials-analogues.

Back to the category

Sizes and other clinker parameters

Produced formats are very diverse: from standard and generally accepted to the most atypical. What allows you to implement a variety of ideas designers.

A number of diverse shaped materials both with protective and aesthetic properties are very extensive.

The material is not different cheaper. Therefore, it should be considered thoroughly. This kind of product is made in our country, in Ukraine, and in Europe. It makes sense to apply to the manufacturers who have proven in the market, functioning in this industry, not one hundred years and reverently protecting the tradition of technology.

A reliable reputation, for example, has long been deserved German and Dutch companies. It is only important to note that their standards of modernity have some differences from familiar to our compatriots.

24.0 * 11.5 * 7.1 cm Baseline brick dimensions for cladding and finishing works.

Frost resistance of bricks (letter F) usually has the designation 35-100. The greater the digit, the higher the resistance to frosts. The frost resistance of the clinker brick is 150.

When hitting the hammer at high-strength brand (M150-300), they chop out the smallest crumb and form sparks, but do not split. The strength of the clinker reaches at least M400.

Clinker facing material is a kind of "aristocrat" on the construction market of the finish. Its technology is known for a long time, as well as quality and long service life.

www.vsebloki.ru.

Description and characteristics of clinker

Clinker brick is obtained by molding and high-temperature processing of mixtures of a thorough crushed refractory clay, minerals and silicates with a slight addition of pure water. The main requirement of manufacturing technology is slow firing of products in tunnel-type furnaces with heating to 1300 ° C. In compliance with these conditions, the raw material is sintered with the highest possible homogeneity, forming a high-strength element without cracks and finely dispersing pores.

It is characterized by high color resistance, but due to the lack of comprehensive impurities, its shades are always natural. The range of colors is wide - from bright to almost black. The texture happens any: from smooth to rutvrocated or velvet. Dimensions comply with standards, in the case of Russian production - GOST 530-2012, foreign - European ISO standards. To reduce weight and improve heat-insulating qualities, they are carried out mainly by hollow, but there are exceptions. Despite the different form of edges and the possible absence of the champers, they have a high accuracy of geometric parameters.

Properties and features of the facade clinker

Working indicators:

The magnitude of water absorption does not exceed 6%, in most advanced manufacturers - 5.
Withstands at least 100 cycles of freezing.
The minimum allowable strength stamp is M250.
It is not afraid of fire and withstands direct contact with the flame. For this reason, it is recommended to buy not only for finishing facades, but also for facial masonry of fireplaces.
The minimum density is 1500 kg / m 3, the average for most products - 2000-2100.
The thermal conductivity does not exceed 1.15 W / m · ° C.
Average emptiness is 30%. Slital clinker brick size 1NF Weigh no more than 2.3 kg.
Durability reaches 100 years or more.
Absolutely resistant to ultraviolet and biological threats.

Pros and Cons Applications
To the accounted features and disadvantages include fragility, in order to avoid excess spending, the conditions of delivery, unloading and stacking are negotiated separately. This finish is considered an elite, minimum costs make up 1,400 rubles / m 2 (not counting installation services). When buying products of overseas production, they increase at least twice.

Unambiguous advantages - resistance to most external influences, high decorativeness, strength and durability. Facades from clinker brick remain unchanged during the entire service life, this option is selected when finishing "for century". The scope of application is not limited to climatic conditions, but the installation is carried out exclusively in warm and dry weather.

stroitel-lab.ru.

What is clinker brick?

Features

Clinker facing brick has unique physical and decorative properties. They are due to the unusual manufacturing technology and the use of special raw materials. Brick produce only from the so-called skinny clay with a high content of quartz sand. Mineral dyes and volcanic basalt can be added to the refractory mixture. Under the influence of high temperature, sand turns into a glass. The conditions of roasting the blanks are very different from the standard. To obtain a product of the right quality, the temperature in the furnace should be sustained exactly at the level of 1300 o C. For comparison, in the process of firing an ordinary brick, 900 o C. Compliance with these technological conditions guarantees the minimum porosity of the material and its density. It acquires exceptional strength and very low moisture absorption.

Strength and safety

Moisture absorption and frost resistance

Durability

Safety: Ecology and refractory

Clinker facing brick includes only natural natural components: clay, sand and various mineral supplements. It does not distinguish any harmful substances. This building material can be confidently attributed to the most environmentally friendly. The clinker brick is withstanding without deformation temperatures up to 1800 o C. This degree of refractory is obliged to a refractory mixture from which it is available. The use of this material during construction increases fire safety buildings.

disadvantages

Scope of application

Types of clinker facing bricks are determined by purpose. Facade is used for external finishing, usually has a glazed surface for maximum safety and moisture resistance. Manufacturers offer a wide selection of color shades and the textures of this type of brick. Paving is used for the packing of garden and access roads. It is worth noting that due to its strength, it perfectly withstands significant loads, such as car weight. Construction form is used in the construction of bases and foundames.

Sizes and colors

double (250 x 120 x 140 mm);

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Production technology

The term "clinker" himself has German roots and in translation means "brick". It is already traditionally believed that clinker small products with the best properties are made precisely in Germany and Poland. The technology of manufacturing this type of brick is very simple: it is produced by firing in specially equipped furnaces by exposure to refractory grades of high temperatures (working temperature indicators, and this is about 1200 ° C, an order of magnitude higher than when the standard ceramic brick is fed) to full sintering Source raw materials. As a result, it can be safely argued that since the clinker brick produced today is exceptionally clay, such material relates rather to ceramic products, like a faience or terracotta. It is worth noting that the process of clinker's production requires the scrupulous observance of all technological nuances, a special relation to the formation of products and the quality of the feedstock.

Varieties of clinker bricks

The varieties of this material that exists today determine the features of the application of each specific type of product data.

The clinker facade tile is a kind of decorative facing small-piece material used when finishing the facades, as well as a decorative finishing material (for interior decoration) of various types of rooms. Its release is regulated by GOST 530-2012. Today it produces a hollow, full-length facade clinker.
The technical clinker is used to arrange sidewalks, bridge, garden tracks, sites both outside and indoors. The clinker is pavingly - more expensive type of technical clinker, having the same scope of application.
Clinker acid resistant has excellent abilities to the effects of different aggressive environments. Actively applies when laying out the facades of buildings, structures.
Clinker Waterproof well established itself with the arrangement of a variety of hydraulic structures operated in high humidity.
Clinker specialized allows you to finish surfaces with intricate, complex forms. The production of small products of this species implies the manufacture of diverse angular elements (in addition to the standard). Some manufacturers offer brick clinker facing for various surfaces.
Clinker used in decorative finishing works or in the construction of structures (arbors, fences, canopies, etc.) with a small load on the supporting structures.

The release of all types of clinker bricks, except the facade, is not standardized and is regulated by the technical conditions of each particular manufacturer. The difference in the characteristics of each type of clinker is achieved by the use of various types of clays, characterized by the source data.

Sizes and weight

The main sizes of clinker:

250 x 120 x 65 mm (1 NF - single);
250 x 85 x 65 mm (0.7 NF - "Euro");
250 x 60 x 65 mm (0.5 NF - Half).

In the manufacture of non-standard products, dimensions are allowed (dimensions are set by a specific manufacturer individually).

The weight of clinker brick depends on the manufacturer and can vary from 1.6 to 3.3 kg.

Depending on the brands and manufacturer, the following characteristics may be:

strength grade: M200-M1000;
water absorption: 3-6%;
density: from 1500 to 2000 kg / m³;
thermal conductivity: from 0.4 to 0.9 W / (m · ° C);
frost resistance: from 100 to 300 cycles;
wetness: up to 48%.

Benefits

more than a solid life (minimum of 100 years);
high aesthetic qualities;
high strength characteristics;
the possibility of manufacturing a huge range of products with any forms, colorful, texture;
the possibility of a wide range of use;
universality.

disadvantages

The disadvantages of clinker products include a very significant moment - their high cost exceeding a minimum of 2 times the price of conventional ceramic bricks. However, if we consider this factor in the key that the operating deadlines of the objects from the clinker are at times exceed the same indicators for structures from ordinary brick, then talk about the deficiencies of the first one cannot withstand no criticism. In addition, special solutions must be used for laying this type of brick, due to its low water absorption.

Ronated choice

By deciding on the choice of clinker bricks as a building material, it is worth studying the photos, video of various examples of its use when building objects of different complexity and destination. After reviewing the reviews about the operation of clinker brick structures, it can be concluded that today it is the best material for the construction of objects of any complexity.

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Clinker brick has excellent decorative properties and amazing durability. What are its scope of use? What assortment of sizes, species, colors and textures is available to buyers? We will tell about this in this article.

What is clinker brick?

Due to the unique combination of elegant appearance and excellent operational characteristics, this building material is considered elite. Its use will help the house look aesthetic, at the same time give the facade strength and durability. Clinker brick is much more expensive than other facing materials, but its quality justifies costs. It was invented and began to be carried out on an industrial scale in the Netherlands in the XIX century. His name in the Netherlands means "ringing". Initially, it was used only for maintenance of roads, but later became one of the most popular materials for the external and interior decoration.

Features

Clinker facing brick has unique physical and decorative properties. They are due to the unusual manufacturing technology and the use of special raw materials. Brick produce only from the so-called skinny clay with a high content of quartz sand. Mineral dyes and volcanic basalt can be added to the refractory mixture. Under the influence of high temperature, sand turns into a glass. The conditions of roasting the blanks are very different from the standard. To obtain the product of the right quality, the temperature in the furnace should be supposed to be made exactly at the level of 1300 ° C. For comparison, in the firing process of an ordinary brick is enough 900 ° C. Compliance with these technological conditions guarantees the minimum porosity of the material and its density. It acquires exceptional strength and very low moisture absorption.

Strength and safety

Clinker facade facing brick does not require special care and efforts to preserve aesthetic appearance. Dirt does not penetrate into its surface and is easily washed off with water, it is provided with extremely low material porosity. This property also prevents the appearance of mosses on the walls. Over time, the color of the brick will not fade, since mineral dyes are added directly into clay at the stage of formation of blanks. This facing material retains its initial view throughout the service life.

In terms of strength, the clinker facing brick is twice as usual. It has a high level of compression resistance and resistance to mechanical damage. Architects use it to build the foundations and bases of buildings that carry the severity of the design and must withstand heavy loads.

Moisture absorption and frost resistance

The internal structure of clinker brick is distinguished by exceptional density due to the preliminary pressing of raw materials and the burning at high temperature. Almost complete absence of microscopic pores prevents moisture penetration. Clinker facing brick absorbs 3-5% water from its mass. If the product has a glazed surface, then it does not absorb moisture at all. For comparison, other materials this indicator is 25%.

Low level of moisture absorption gives tangible advantages. Facing can be used in difficult climatic conditions without taking additional efforts to protect it from precipitation. There is a relationship between moisture absorption and frost resistance. If the brick absorbs a lot of water, its structure is destroyed at low temperatures. Clinker brick is deprived of this shortage and withstands at least 75 cycles of freezing and thawing.

Durability

For this parameter, this material confidently keeps the leading position. In compliance with all technological requirements in the process of using it in construction and operation, the warranty period can reach up to 100 years. Such phenomenal durability is the result of numerous positive qualities of clinker bricks. Low moisture absorption, high frost resistance and strength reliably protect it from all destructive environmental influences.

Safety: Ecology and refractory

Clinker facing brick includes only natural natural components: clay, sand and various mineral supplements. It does not distinguish any harmful substances. This building material can be confidently attributed to the most environmentally friendly. Clinker brick withstands without deformation temperatures up to 1800 OS. It is obliged to be a refractory mixture, from which it is available. The use of this material during construction increases fire safety buildings.

disadvantages

In the presence of many advantages, the clinker facing brick has some drawbacks. These include its low soundproof properties. In addition, in terms of saving heat, it is about two times inferior to the usual red brick. It is worth noting that this deficiency is partially offset by the fact that manufacturers produce many hollow types of this product. For example, facing clinker bricks for exterior decoration in most cases is found precisely in this version. Hollowness significantly increases thermal insulation.

Scope of application

Types of clinker facing bricks are determined by purpose. Facade Used for external finishing, usually has a glazed surface for maximum safety and moisture resistance. Manufacturers offer a wide selection of color shades and the textures of this type of brick. Paving It is used for paving garden and access roads. It is worth noting that due to its strength, it perfectly withstands significant loads, such as car weight. Building The species is used in the construction of bases and foundations.

Sizes and colors

There are strict standards in accordance with which the clinker facing brick is produced. Dimensions cannot have deviations more than 4 mm in length, 3 mm in width and 2 mm in thickness. Accuracy depends on the quality of the equipment of the manufacturer and the qualifications of its specialists. There are three main sizes of this building material:

single (250 x 120 x 65 mm);
one-hour (250 x 120 x 88 mm);
double (250 x 120 x 140 mm);

European standard - 250 x 85 x 65 mm. Products of German manufacturers are most popular. Russian clinker facing brick occupies a minor market share. Buyers are available to a wide range of color gamut of this material. Companies offer about hundreds of shades created by adding mineral dyes to raw materials. Decorative properties in combination with durability make clinker bricks one of the most attractive materials for external and interior decoration.

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Dimensions and weight of clinker bricks

Clinker brick is produced in several formats, ranging from standard and ending with atypical building materials and sizes. Such a feature makes it possible to implement any designer projects. At the same time, the material itself does not differ available to the cost, so it is necessary to choose it.

The main standard-sizes of clinker bricks (length * width * height), cm:

24.0 * 11.5 * 7.1 (basic);
25.0 * 12 * 6.5 (single);
25.0 * 8.5 * 6.5 (Euro);
25.0 * 6.0 * 6.5 (half).

Some deviations are allowed to produce non-standard sizes. The weight of the QC may be within 1.6 - 3.3 kg.

About the durability of clinker bricks (brick), its strength, service life and other properties read below.

The video below will tell you more about the size of the clinker:

Specifications

CK has the following characteristics:

The strength of clinker brick on compression about 250-350 kgf / cm 2, which will differ depending on the brand;
Water absorption 5-6%;
The frost resistance of the clinker brick is 200 cycles of frost-defrost, under the condition of 100% humidity;
Minimum density indicator of 1500 kg / m;
Number of emptiness up to 30%;
Specific weight 2000-2100 kg / m 3;
The average thermal conductivity value of 1.15 W / MK;
High fire safety. The effect of fire does not lead to their destruction.
The service life is 130-150 years.

The characteristics of the clinker brick have little about which they say a simple person, however, it is extremely important for professional.

This video will tell about the properties of clinker brick:

Properties QK

Due to the fact that the material in the process of production is subjected to high temperatures, the result is a clinker brick with elevated strength and low water intake ratio. It allows it without losses and changes in the structure to withstand up to 1 ton 1 cm 2. In addition, due to this property, the brick is resistant to fungus, bacteria and other destroyers.

High frost resistance is achieved as a result of a minimum amount of pores that can absorb water. If you compare this material with concrete, then the QC is at times exceeding it for mechanical strength, resistance to abrasion and durability.

Due to the fact that the clinker passes the fir at temperatures above 1800 0 s, as a result, the finished product is extremely resistant to fire. With long-term contact with it, the brick does not change its structure and integrity.

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What is a clinker brick and what is his differences from other species

In accordance with GOST 530-2012, the product is described as durable and exclusively with low moisture absorption, which ensures excellent operational and decorative properties. The material can be used in an aggressive environment and for finishing and facing buildings.

The product has the form of the correct parallelepiped with the specified current size. The outer surface of the clinker brick has a slightly rough texture, the color of which hesitates from light yellow to dark brown. In total, there are about hundreds of shades, the formation of which is achieved by the introduction of special additives into the raw materials.

Clinker brick differs significantly from the usual ceramic on the following signs:

During masonry clinker bricks, modified cement-sand mixtures are used. Such solutions have a minimum setting time, which reduces the time standards during the construction of building structures. In decorative purposes, the seams between blocks are expanded and maintained by cement compositions with the addition of coloring pigment. This increases the laboriousness of the technological process, but also significantly improve the appearance of the masonry.

Types of clinker bricks

Building material of this type is classified by intended purpose. The consumer offers the following types of clinker bricks:

Technical characteristics of clinker bricks

The production of this building material is carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 530-2007 and 7484-78. The technical characteristics of clinker bricks are determined by its physico-chemical properties and internal structure. The product has a high density and extremely low porosity, which provides him with small water absorption and excellent frost resistance.

The main technical characteristics of clinker brick are presented in Table:

Clinker brick density

High technical parameters of this building material are provided with its composition and structure. The clinker brick density is ranging from 1900 to 2100 kg / m 3, and such indicators are achieved due to the sintering of mineral raw materials during the roasting process. This allows minimizing the porosity of products, which, in turn, prevents the penetration of moisture inside.

The high density of the clinker brick is the result of the preliminary compression of raw materials at the stage of its formation. In some cases, the press develops an effort to 5,000 kg / cm2, which increases such a block parameter as compression resistance. This building material used to build the foundations and bases of buildings has a large pressure of the walls and other structures without destruction.

Hollowness

In order to reduce the overall load on the ground, unloaded elements of buildings are facilitated as much as possible. Facing or facade clinker brick is made in most cases hollow. In the body of the product for this, cross-cutting holes or removing of different shapes are performed: they can be rectangular, cylindrical or cone-shaped. Void in clinker brick are formed at the pressing stage with the use of special forms.

The hollowness of the product is characterized by a special parameter - the coefficient and is defined as the ratio of the total volume to the real one. For certain types of facade clinker bricks, this indicator can reach 35 - 40%. In addition to purely decorative functions, such a cladding is also a good heat insulating layer that reduces energy losses through the walls.

Thermal conductivity

The operational characteristics of building materials are in close relationship. The thermal conductivity coefficient of clinker brick has the highest value among the analogues. This indicator is ranging from 0.8 to 1.16 W / m ° C for comparison, a full-time unit - 0.5 - 0.7 W / m ° C, and the picked - 0.22 W / m ° C, warm ceramics And at all - 0.11 W / m ° C.

High thermal conductivity of clinker brick is determined primarily by its density. It was possible to slightly reduce this value only in the hollow samples used to cladding buildings. Supporting structures: Foundations and grounds built from this type of bricks, need additional insulation. This will help to significantly reduce losses through enclosing structures.

Moisture absorption

This parameter characterizes the ability of clinker brick to absorb some amount of water. The dense internal structure of the material makes the processes of moisture absorption. The small porosity of the product is achieved in the process of pressing and firing at high temperatures, which leads to sintering of individual particles. As a result, a mass with a small amount of emptiness is formed.

The clinker brick characteristics of moisture absorption, which are located at a low level, can be used to erend responsible structures. Including those that are used in aggressive media with high humidity. Products with glazed surfaces and do not absorb water at all, which provides them with durability. This building material is not inclined to the formation of hears.

Frost resistance

Clinker brick is able to effectively resist the air temperature fluctuations up to extreme values. The material is characterized by excellent frost resistance, in accordance with the standard, the product can withstand at least 75 cooling and heating cycles. This indicator is determined by high density and low moisture coefficient.

This property of clinker brick is widely used in construction, the material is used in the construction of buildings in latitudes with a cold climate. Bricks used for paving paths and sidewalks have a maximum frost resistance. The material is in constant contact with a saturated moisture ground, which has a certain impact on it. Nevertheless, experts note the durability of these landscape elements.

Fire resistance

Technology of clinker brick provides for its firing at high temperatures. In the structure of the material there is a significant proportion of refractory components that provide excellent fire resistance. Tests show that the product can withstand the temperature of at least 1800 ° C. Constructions from this material are maintained by stability, being under fire without deformations and destruction.

Sound-insulating properties

High clinker brick density determines the low ability to damage acoustic oscillations in it. Accordingly, the soundproof properties of this material are quite mediocre. Actually, the name of the product translated from German means "ringing", it is such sounds that occur when applying shocks on it. Fencing structures from this material need additional sound insulation.

Parp permeability

The internal structure of clinker brick is characterized by extremely low porosity. This circumstance explains the small vapor permeability of products. This indicator has numerical expressions in the form of an appropriate coefficient, which for these products is from 0.03 to 0.07 mg / (m / c). Low vapor permeability of facade brick finishes ensures the safety of enclosing structures from moisture. In the inner premises of buildings from this material, an effective ventilation system is necessary.

Ecology

Brick clinker is made of natural minerals, and its production technology provides the creation of a stable and dense structure. Products are distinguished by high ecology, during operation, they do not distinguish harmful volatile chemical compounds for humans. Raw materials and finished products undergo a mandatory test for radioactivity. Manufacturers strictly adhere to this issue of the requirements of the current standard.

Sizes and accuracy of geometric shape

Brick clinker is made in accordance with standards that determine all its main characteristics. Products are produced three main sizes that specialists builders are designated as follows:

single - size 250 × 120 × 65 mm Designation 1 NF;
one-hour - dimensions 250 × 120 × 88 mm Marking 1.4 NF;
double - dimensions 250 × 120 × 140 mm Designation 2.1 nf.

There are other types of products: clinker brick, the dimensions of which 250 × 85 × 65 mm is called "Euro" and marked as 0.7 NF. In addition to the above-mentioned above, a modular single unit with a size of 288 × 138 × 65 mm is indicated as 1.3 NF. Incomplete products are also produced, which wear the names of fractional parts: "Three quarters", "half" and "quarter".

The accuracy of the manufacture of clinker bricks is rigidly regulated by the requirements of the standard. Permissible deviations in length should not exceed 4 mm, in width - 3 mm, in thickness - 2 mm. The products must be in the form of the correct parallelepiped with the maximum discrepancy of parallel faces of no more than 3 mm at maximum size. The greatest deviation from the plane on any of the sides is 3 mm.