Characteristics and laying of drainage pipes for removal of groundwater. Drainage systems of groundwater removal drainage systems of water

The decision to make the drainage system is often taken already on the fact that part of the house, the foundation with the basement or the basement is derived to the level of the meter-one and a half over the soil. Most often, it is at this moment that the water rise occurs around the construction due to the pressure of the heavy foundation on the soils, which flow below the depth of the support of the concrete blocks. In this case, to ensure the normal state of the soil, it is necessary to arrange a drainage system of water removal system on the site.

Less often, the corner rises due to errors in geological intelligence on the site under the future building at home. In this case, when digging a kitty, it is possible to exit the location of the underground key or water lens in the clay layer. Save the position will be able to emergency disregard of key soil water using a drainage system and special blocking pillows. In this case, it will be necessary to separately make a special drainage system, calculated only on the key lead. For the site around the foundation of the building and adjacent territory with zooming soils, a drainage system will be required at a high level of groundwater.

How to make drainage water removal systems

The set of measures to prevent the flooding of the site and the lift of the soil involves to make one or more modern drainage systems:

Storm surface water removal systems from the foundation of the building;
Underground drainage systems for removal of groundwater from the foundation;
The rainwater collection system and moisture drainage from the surface of the site;
The drainage system of removal of soil water on the site.

Important! The listed drainage designs have a different nature collection nature and quality of collecting and driving aqueous streams, therefore it is impossible to make a universal drainage diagram on one bundle of pipelines.

The cost of special drainage pipes and wells is small, as 99% of the reinforcement for drainage is made of polyethylene and polychlorine.

Modern drainage systems

Even under the use of modern means of calculation and design, all possible changes in the state of groundwater cannot be taken into account. Too many factors affect the water level in the ground:

Natural factors - a significant change in the number of precipitation dropping out for a short time, flood, river spills;
Technogenic reasons are the maintenance of high-rise construction or changing the infrastructure around the site, for example, an increase in the number of asphalt surfaces and roads, or the use of a large volume of water on the irrigated areas near the house.

In both cases, the amount of groundwater and their level even during the summer heat increases sharply. A qualitative sign of increasing the volume of groundwater is the winding of the basement walls or the basement and the enhanced growth of grass, shrubs and vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the house.

Drainage system device for home

If, with a strong climb of groundwater, it is not possible to remove moisture from the foundation with the help of drainage pipes from the foundation, you can get a very unpleasant effect "floating". Especially dangerous excess water in conditions of excess in the soil of clay and sublinka. In some cases, even a two-meter belt foundation does not save, the building begins to see and lose stability, which leads to the appearance of cracks in the wall masonry. In addition, the walls of the basement at the joints of concrete blocks are invariably become wet, dampness appears, after some time, groundwater will begin to accumulate.

To correct the situation, it is necessary to make a full-fledged drainage system, discharged excess of groundwater and penetrating the rain moisture.

For normal drainage, it is necessary to arrange two drainage systems - storm and ground. Both are stacked around the perimeter of the construction, the storm directly adjoins the foundation to the breakfast and serves to remove the rainflows from the roof. The soil drainage is designed to collect moisture surrounding from the surface, as well as the Earth accumulating in the thicker from aquifer.

Storm drainage system

Make a removal of water from the foundation without effective landfill is almost impossible. The storm drainage is established much easier than the soil drainage, it is a system of gutters and pipes laid around the building. In places of installation of drain pipes, through which rainwater from the roof merge, special water wells are installed. The location of such a device is coordinated with the direction of the fall of the jet of water so that the entire flow is captured without scattering and spraying moisture on the foundation and wall of the building.

The water collected by gutters and water drivers is headed through pipes into a storm sewer or to the place of general water collection with a drainage system. As a water fluid, conventional water pipes with a diameter of 100 to 150 mm are used. Each water collector is equipped with its drainage pipe. The water segment is calculated based on the maximum amount of precipitation and, accordingly, the water flow power for this particular surface area of \u200b\u200bthe roof. Usually the building accounts for at least three waterborne wells. To avoid clogged with sand, foliage, in the design of the waterborg, a filter-sump must be provided, which allows periodically removing the accumulated garbage from the receiving device.

The storm drainage system can significantly reduce the amount of moisture in the soil in areas adjacent to the building, but its capabilities are clearly not enough to make water removal as efficient as possible. Therefore, in any case, in the presence of converted soils, you need to make an underground drainage design.

Design and device of the drainage system of groundwater

Foundation equipment drainage system needs to be made at the stage of laying the blocks of the basement. But most often it has to do postfactum, after the building is built, and groundwater raised. In this case, the drainage system needs to be made to the depth below the floor level of the basement floor or basement. Otherwise, the soil waters will pour the basement.

To make a modern drainage system for a truly effective, it is necessary to perform the scope of work much more than for a storm system. The main costs are associated with the need to make a large volume of earthworks, namely:

At a distance of one to three meters, depending on the location of the building and the nature of the soil, dig a trench to the depth of the soil freezing;
Make the bottom of the bottom of the trench of a small rubble or chump dropout, thoroughly align the material layer;
Lay geotextile and drainage pipe;
At the corners to install swivel wells. These elements will allow you to connect separate cuts of the pipe into one contour. When connecting the drainage pipe to the wells, it is necessary to make a drain slope;
After assembling all the elements of the system in one drainage contour, the pipe wrapped with geotextiles and fall asleep with a layer of sand at least 15 cm thick. Sand thoroughly align both the trambra using a manual or electric traam;
On top of the sand, it is necessary to make a sweeping from rubbing with a thickness of at least 30-40 cm, after alignment of the layer, the design of the drainage is falling asleep.

In some cases, the immediate diverge to the foundation walls is more efficient. Due to the risk, damage the surface of the foundation waterproofing is more appropriate to make a trench around the foundation box with a manual way with a shovel. It greatly complicates the work due to the need to use neverthent manual work.

In addition, it significantly worsens the bearing ability of the foundation, especially if there are a lot of water, and it has significantly blocked part of the soil. If you have doubts or concerns about the appearance of cracks or the foundation drawdown, it will be correct to make an examination of the situation at a specialist. The main reason, due to which is solved on such a risky procedure, is the restoration and strengthening of the waterproofing layer on the outer surface of the foundation box. In this case, the trench draised under the drainage system will allow to make the waterproofing revision, restore the insulating layer and even strengthen it. The execution of the drainage system in close proximity to the foundation makes its work more efficient. In some cases, this location of the drainage system allows preventing its freezing into the strongest frosts.

Service drainage system

If you make the installation of water pipes in swivel wells with hermetic, drainage pipes wrap the additional layer of geotextile, you can practically eliminate seeping into the system of drainage of the smallest particles of clay, yla, organic substances that can stick together and score the inner surface of the highways.

Most often, an industrial perforated polychlorial tube with a corrugated surface is used for the drainage system. Thanks to this design, it is easily lightning and strifted at any angle. The inner surface of such a pipe creates strong resistance to the flow of water and the conditions for accumulating on the walls of all sorts of pollution and deposits. Because of this, after a while, the bandwidth of the holes on the walls is reduced. In some cases, the owners require additional number of holes on the surface of the pipe. It does not add its bandwidth, but only increases the amount of dirt falling into drainage.

Check the efficiency of the drainage system can be used using an audit well. If the amount of moisture taken by the pipe fell to a minimum, then it is necessary to make a test flushing of the drainage system. The easiest way can this be done using a high pressure pump and a conventional irrigation hose.

Conclusion

The greatest efficiency in the use of the drainage system can be achieved if you make the entire design of high-quality polymeric materials. Attempting to replace them with asbotic or sewage pipes, it may reduce its cost, but does not guarantee sustainable work for a long time.

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Qualitative removal (drainage) of rain and groundwater from home is a prerequisite for the long and reliable operation of sidewalks and sites that are covered with any kind of paving slabs.

From the article you will learn why the water drainage is so important, which is happening with incomplete removal of water and which schemes are used for this.

To understand why the drainage of water is so important, it is necessary to know how the road coating with paving with any kind of tile is arranged. Before laying the underlying layers, part of the soil is removed and the surface of the ditches is sealing.

In most regions of Russia, clay and sandy soils prevail in tens of meters, the upper (soft) layer of which consists of a mixture of clay, sand and humus. In the mountainous regions (the foothills of the Urals, the North Caucasus and others), often the depth of soft soil does not exceed 30 centimeters, after which the rock soil (stone, rock) begins. Located in these places, the scene is less sensitive to water.

When water penetrates through the underlying layers and reaches the soil, clay and chernozem soften. If the amount of water is large and enough time, clay turns into a liquid dirt that fails the base of paving. As a result, in a separate section, I first sends a layer of rubble, then the layer of sand and, finally, paving slabs or a pavement.

In Russia for the construction of the foundation (underlying layers), washed sand and crushed stone are rarely used. Especially if they do not for themselves.

If you hired a team of shabashnikov, at the same time entrusted them to buying everything you need and want to save, with a probability of 95 percent they will be saved on the quality of materials. For the underlying layers, such employees use a material that is not only washed, but not even cleared with the help of the screen.

When water and crushed stone passes through the raw and crude sand and crushed stone, it is cleaned with small particles. As a result, empties are formed, which over time they saw. This is especially manifested when the soil is bent (freezing the water, which is filled, as a result of this, the level of soil rises).

Weak water removal from the plots leads to the destruction of paving elements. Water that penetrated (absorbed) inside the tile, at temperatures below zero degrees freezes, expands and destroys its structure.

It is cheaper to construct a normal drainage of storm and melting water, than every 3-5 years to carry out the overhaul of the scene.

Drainage diagrams of soil and melt water

For water drainage, the following schemes use:

superficial with sidewalk drains;
superficial with drainage ditch;
underground with connecting to urban storm sewage;
underground with a connection to septic or water purification devices and subsequent reset in the reservoir.

The drainage diagram of water using paving drains is described in the article Elements of drainage.

The surface drainage diagram using drains canvas is used if the relief and the structure of the area allows. A slope is required at least 1 cm per meter, the ability to reset water into the river or the lake, the ability to dig ditches or raise the road (sidewalk) and the opposite wall of the ditch.

The base is prepared in such a way that the slope of the paved section towards the ditch was at least 1 cm for 10 meters. The border is installed at the level of paving elements, not allowing exceeding even one millimeter. Such a scheme is rarely used for paved areas, because it is necessary to strengthen the near side of the ditch using concrete, asphalt or other materials to protect the base.

The overall structure of the underground drainage schemes is the same. Water removal is produced by closed concrete (flarified pipes or trays with a lid) or plastic (PVC or polyethylene) pipe. The central pipe (collector) is paved either by 0.1-0.5 meters deeper than the lower underlying layer, or on the side at a depth of 0.3-0.7 meters below the surface.

The layout of the collector on the side is preferable, because in the case of a serious break, it is necessary to dig a pipe, remove the blockage (often with the destruction of the pipe and subsequent replacement) and fall asleep again. Therefore, the use of concrete trays and covers for the removal of rainwater avoids the destruction of pipes. It is enough to remove the cover, clean the blockage, put the lid into place, fall asleep with soil and restore the coating.

To decide which of the underground drainage schemes is preferable, contact the architecture department, learning where the nearest collector of storm sewer is held and in whose property is located. After that, refer to the owner to find out the connection conditions.

In the city administration / village, consult the possibility of resetting the storm and melt waters "on the relief", that is, in "natural ditches" - ravines, dell and depressions, which are removed to the water and river.

Most likely, you will be prescribed a few expensive examinations and oblige to acquire sewage treatment facilities. Although there are cases when they managed to save on examinations and without any bribes, but it depends on the ecologist who decides.

Organized reset of the storm and melting water without obtaining permission is illegal. If you are caught on this, it will be forced to pay a large fine and come to dismantle the entire rope water removal system. Or will oblige a permission with the maximum number of expertise, the installation of the sewage facilities in "its" companies and at the maximum price.

Why can not be folded into domestic sewer or septic

Household (fecal sewage) is designed for a small amount of domestic wastewater, so the diameter of the pipes is less than for storm sewage. The amount of water during a shower or melting of snow in tens and hundreds of times exceeds the bandwidth of the sewer collector or septic. As a result, their contents flushes onto the surface.

In the rave and tale waters a large amount of sand, finely and large garbage, therefore, the supply of such water will result in the formation of blockages in the collector. Under Russian legislation, the discharge of storm and wastewater into household sewers is illegal and punishable with a large fine.

How to organize a plum in the yard do it yourself

If you disappear tiled yard, use the old drainage system. If water flowed through the holes in the foundation of the fence and went through a waste ditch, create a base for the breakfast so that the slope is directed to a direct line from the base of the fence and to the house, as well as towards the waste ditch. The magnitude of the slope is 1-1.5 cm for 10 meters.

Line march perpendicular to the foundation of the fence. If the diameter of the hole in the foundation of the fence is less than 20 cm, drill or spin several additional holes with a diameter of 6-15 cm.

If the yard was tested by storm sewer, then no additional coordination needs. But just in case, consult in the urban / rural architecture department or in Vodokanal. Perhaps there is requested a project for the reconstruction of the storm sewage in your yard. But in 9 out of 10 cases, no additional coordination needs.

If you did not have any drainage of stormwater, visit the neighbors, see how they are done. If most neighbors, stormwater are dumped into the wastewater, boldly discard the water into it according to the technology described above. If the neighbors are connected to the storm sewer collector, refer to the sewer owner for connecting to it.

A properly organized leading of storm and melting water affects the strength and reliability of the breakfast is much stronger than the strength and quality of the tile. From the article you learned about the schemes used for the drainage of these water, in what cases permits and approval are needed, and when you can do without them.

This article discusses drainage pipes for groundwater removal: a complete classification of products for drainage, their advantages, characteristics and basic parameters are presented. Thanks to this information, you will learn how to select suitable types of pipes for certain types of discharge systems in accordance with their requirements, the features of the soil, etc.

Corrugated pipe walls have a high resistance to the emergence of any deformation changes under the influence of loads

Drainage pipes for groundwater removal: Introduction to topic

The drainage tube acts as the main construction element, on the basis of which a drainage system is formed, designed to dry out the plots. This element is responsible for collecting and dischargeing underground, wax and rainwater outside the territory with pre-filtering.

Note! The large volume of melt and stormwater is capable of provoking the rise of the level of groundwater. The emergence of such a situation is extremely undesirable, since as a result, the destructive impact on the foundation part of the building increases, as well as all elements of the landscape design, located on the site.

The drainage system helps get rid of excess water on the plot

The installation of large-diameter drainage pipes allows you to cope with such problems as:

increased soil humidity;
mold formation;
flooding of the site, the foundation of the residential building and the buildings of economic purposes, as well as cellars;
formation of permanent;
the appearance of puddles on cobbled coatings;
formation of land on pedestrian walkways;
the rotation of the roots of garden flowers, vegetable crops and other vegetation due to the overaffect of moisture in the garden and summer sections.

Features of drainage pipes with partial perforation, complete or its absence

If we talk about the general classification of products for drainage systems, the range is represented by the following types of pipes (by type of material):

asbestos-cement;
ceramic;
plastic drainage tubes with perforation and without it, as well as with partial presence.

In the building materials market, drainage pipes are represented by a large variety of species and sizes.

However, most construction companies have already abandoned the use of pipes made of ceramics or asbestos cement due to numerous flaws inherent in them:

Large weight requiring significant costs for transportation and installation, because installation of so overall products can not do without the use of specialized construction equipment.
The slow process of installation of a drainage system, which can only be carried out by the hands of professionals.
Low performance. Drainage pipes are usually represented on sale without perforation, so the holes are performed manually. Because of this, during operation, the pipeline is clogged faster, so frequent cleaning is required, and in some cases the complete replacement of the elements.
The construction of systems based on them is much more expensive than in the case of the use of plastic elements.

Installation of water removal system on the plot using corrugated plastic pipes with perforation

Note! The table indicates the average price of 200 mm drainage pipes from various materials. There are other diameter variants, however, in products from ceramics, asbestos cement and plastic, standard dimensional parameters do not coincide. Therefore, for comparison, the diameter of the drainage pipe is taken 200 mm, which is present in the assortment of all these items.

Drainage pipes for groundwater removal: product classification

Drainage pipes for removal of groundwater from a country site: types of products, their characteristics, rates and features of application in drainage systems.

Drainage device around a private house - water removal system from a plot and from the foundation

Let's notify immediately, drainage and waterproofing are different concepts and one of them does not exclude the other. Drainage around the house (drainage system) allows you to remove or reduce water levels on the site.

The danger lies both outside (precipitation, flood water) and from the inside (groundwater). Waterproofing protects the foundation of the structure from water from getting inside.

But, even qualitatively isolated from the water, the foundation will not protect the base of the private house (basement) and the basement from the fall of water for a long time. After all, if the water will write constantly, it will find weaknesses in waterproofing. And on the contrary, if you take it on time - your home or cottage will be safe.

Drainage around the house do it yourself

When you need a drainage system device:

location of the site. The lower it is - the more relevant the problem of drainage;
the quality of the soil - on clay and drum soils, the water level is reduced slowly;
the level of precipitation in your area;
the level of groundwater occurs;
blowing the rest of the buildings on the site. If the standing building has a strongly blurred foundation - the water will have nowhere to go, and it will accumulate on the surface, increasing the risk of flooding;
the presence of waterproof coatings - concrete paths, asphalt courtyard - these are not available for water penetration.

The drainage device around the house with your own hands will eliminate the problems caused by the factors listed above.

Types of drainage systems

Depending on the acute problem of the flooding of the site, several ways can be distinguished how to make drainage around the private house.

Surface drainage

This type can be attributed to the storm sewer (Livnevka). The advantage of such a drainage is that its arrangement is simpler and accessible after the fulfillment of most types of work on the site. Surface drainage systems allow you to remove only rain and melting water, it cannot be powder with soil water.

There are two types of drainage surface device: linear and spot.

Linear drainage

Focusing on the removal of storm or melting water from the entire area and from the house, in particular. Water flows into the canals dug in the ground and get into the drainage well. As a rule, the channels have a straight linear shape and closed with lattices.

Point drainage

Focused on the rapid removal of water generated from local sources (for example, under roof drains, watering cranes, etc.). Point drainages are closed with decorative metal lattices to eliminate the clogging of the channel by garbage and leaves. Drainage pipes are laid from each point, which are connected to the main main pipe leading to the drainage well.

Combined drainage combines two above-mentioned systems: point and linear drainage.

By method of device, drainage can be open and closed

Open drainage

System of trenches, gutters, drainage or catchment trays.

Such a drainage is a trench, which is intended for removal of storm and melt water from home and from the plot.

The principle of the open drainage system

Along all sides of the site and around the house there is a ditch width to half a meter and a depth of 50-60cm. All these trenches are connected to the total drainage trench.

In order for the water to be unhindered to the trench on the side of the house in the ditch, they make the SCOS at an angle of 30 o, and the bias towards the main water trench (or the drain well) will allow self-tolerated water in the right direction.

The plus of the open drainage system can be called low cost and high speed of work. But, if the removal of a large number of melt and rainwater is required, then you will have to make a deep drainage line in which someone may fall. Uproeted wall walls are destroyed. Such a system spoils the appearance of the site.

Increase service life and improve the safety of such a system by using special trays (from plastic or concrete), which are closed with lattices from above.

Open drainage around the house

Closed drainage

It has a more aesthetic appearance, compared with the previous one, as it is equipped with a protective lattice, but the receiving channel is much already and smaller. Theses are presented in the photo.

Closed drainage around the house

Fucking drainage - biased trench

Used in the case when the area of \u200b\u200bthe site is small, and it is impossible to make an open drainage or inappropriate. The lack of this system in the inability to maintain trench after the arrangement without dismantling.

The correct drainage around the house of this type is placed in several stages.

there is a trench to a depth of about a meter with mandatory observance of the slope toward the drain (drainage) well;

a geotextile is stacked on the bottom of the trench;

the trench is covered with gravel, rubble, etc.;

from above stacked a layer of turf. This stage is optional, but allows you to give a plot more aesthetic appearance.

Fucking drainage

Depth drainage

The discharge of a large amount of groundwater requires a solid system device - deep drainage of the site. The device of the deep drainage system is used in areas with clay soil located in lowlands and characterized by a high level of groundwater.

The process of the device is laborious and consists in laying the pipes (the diameter depends on the amount of water reducible) from perforations in deep trenches (depends on the height of the soil water).

Closed drainage - pipe system

Scheme of closed drainage device, pipes and laying method

How to make drainage around the house do it yourself

PEDICAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR DRAINING CLOSED

Determine the location of the closed drainage system, which can be implemented in two versions:

pass only near the foundation, i.e. Around the house (used drainage), preventing water penetration directly into the house.
place around the site will thus be protected by the cottage base, as well as plantings and other economic buildings.

Closed-type drainage device (solid, wounded)

Drainage circuit around the house is represented in the photo

Note the location of the drainage ditch on the site. Usually for this uses such devices as a laser rangefinder and level. But, it is possible to make it easier to trace where water grooves remain after the rain - there are drainage trenches.

Dig a trench. When digging, it is necessary to observe the height difference. After all, water should flush to the drainage well, and not accumulate in the pipes.

Drainage trench for drainage area of \u200b\u200ba country house

Lay a layer of geotextile. Its role in drainage is to filter water from impurities that can score the perforation of the drainage pipe.

Laying geotextile on the bottom of the trench for drainage

Geotexyl can be taken any, the main thing is that he missed and filtered the water. Tight needlecable geotextile is better not to take, because He misses the water well.

Laying the perforated tube to lay a perforated pipe - the basis of the drainage system. Pipes can be ceramic or plastic. But in any type of pipes there should be perforation for water intake (perforation can be made independently, with a drill). Pipes are connected to each other by means of a cross-line or a tee.

Take the ends of the pipe into viewing wells. Such wells are installed at all turns so that the system can be careed. For example, clean the water pressure pipe or estimate the change in the water level.

Take the ends of the pipe into the drain well. This is the last component of the closed drainage system.

Turning pipes into viewing wells

By functional purpose, drainage wells are divided into two types:

accumulating. Such a well has a hermetic bottom. Water in it accumulates and then used for watering;
absorbing. Well without a bottom, water in it gradually goes into the soil.

Fall asleep geekan rubble without reaching the upper level of the earth 200mm.
Purplus drainage pipes with rubble to a height of 300mm.
Cutting the pipe with a geotection of the brass and fix the joints with the rope.
Flip sand, land and / or lay the turf.

Absorbing well and winding of the drainage tube by geotecer

Finished drainage system in the context is presented in the photo

Drainage system scheme in context

Which of the listed types of drainage is suitable for you - can be determined, only knowing the site features. In general, you should choose that drainage around the house, the cost of work on the arrangement and operation of which is the lowest, and of course, which can be made with your own hands. At the same time, it should qualitatively and reliably perform the role of drainage. After all, according to the calculations of specialists, the correct drainage around the house will allow to extend its life for more than 50 years.

Drainage around the house with your own hands - scheme, instruction, tips

How to make drainage around the house - the principle of the device of the correct drainage system of closed and open type. Ways to remove water from the base and the foundation of the house and from the site. Photo and video instrument

Device drainage system

How to make drainage water removal systems

The set of measures to prevent the flooding of the site and the lift of the soil involves to make one or more modern drainage systems:

Storm surface water removal systems from the foundation of the building;
Underground drainage systems for removal of groundwater from the foundation;
The rainwater collection system and moisture drainage from the surface of the site;
The drainage system of removal of soil water on the site.

The cost of special drainage pipes and wells is small, as 99% of the reinforcement for drainage is made of polyethylene and polychlorine.

Modern drainage systems

Even under the use of modern means of calculation and design, all possible changes in the state of groundwater cannot be taken into account. Too many factors affect the water level in the ground:

Natural factors - a significant change in the number of precipitation dropping out for a short time, flood, river spills;
Technogenic reasons are the maintenance of high-rise construction or changing the infrastructure around the site, for example, an increase in the number of asphalt surfaces and roads, or the use of a large volume of water on the irrigated areas near the house.

Drainage system device for home

To correct the situation, it is necessary to make a full-fledged drainage system, discharged excess of groundwater and penetrating the rain moisture.

Storm drainage system

Design and device of the drainage system of groundwater

At a distance of one to three meters, depending on the location of the building and the nature of the soil, dig a trench to the depth of the soil freezing;
Make the bottom of the bottom of the trench of a small rubble or chump dropout, thoroughly align the material layer;
Lay geotextile and drainage pipe;
At the corners to install swivel wells. These elements will allow you to connect separate cuts of the pipe into one contour. When connecting the drainage pipe to the wells, it is necessary to make a drain slope;
After assembling all the elements of the system in one drainage contour, the pipe wrapped with geotextiles and fall asleep with a layer of sand at least 15 cm thick. Sand thoroughly align both the trambra using a manual or electric traam;
On top of the sand, it is necessary to make a sweeping from rubbing with a thickness of at least 30-40 cm, after alignment of the layer, the design of the drainage is falling asleep.

Service drainage system

Conclusion

How to make a drainage system

Device of the drainage system Decision on the need to make a drainage system often accepted by the fact that part of the house, the foundation with the basement or the ground floor is removed to the level

How to remove water from the foundation of the house

It is possible to counteract the influence of moisture on the foundation of the building using a drainage system and waterproofing. Properly made drainage and solar and stormwater removal system will ensure the integrity of the foundations and a long service life of any construction.

Globe and waterproofing, as a tool for protecting the foundation from water

Especially if the moisture penetrated into the structure of the bearing walls, then in winter it will not be an increased level of freezing and the internal destruction of the walls. It is also important that the foundation of the building was dry due to its immediate contact with microorganisms and bacteria, especially rotted bacteria, which very much destroy the buildings, and also affect the comfort and safety of living or work in them.

The basis of an effective water removal system is laid in the initial stage of building a house. At the same time, it is necessary to carefully approach the arrangement of the foundation and its waterproofing, both at the level of the pillow and at the level of the base. It is important is the arrangement of the scene, which allows you to remove water from the building. In this case, it is possible to use not only the water drainage system, but also of the usual removal to the accumulative pits. This proacts the occurrence of puddles and increased soil blotch.

The most important thing is to correctly determine the line of the watershed, which is determined by the experimental way in accordance with the line of the land cover horizon on the territory adjacent to the house. Establishing the possibility of direction of outflow of water from the foundation of the structure facilitates work. At the same time, if the construction is carried out from scratch, it is necessary to assess the structure of the soil, and the presence of groundwater horizon in the depth of the occurrence.

It is also important to know how solest in the site absorbs moisture, and accordingly, it is capable of carrying pressure load. It is the right-paid foundation that guarantees the integrity of the building and its dryness.

Drainage guards the foundation from water

The organization of the drainage system is carried out with the help of materials having a high level of seepage of water. It may be crushed the special fraction. It is in it that the drainage system of the drainage system, as well as rain sewage, is produced.

Drainage system on a water removal area

The most important component of this system is a breakfast, surrounding the foundation of the building around the perimeter.

The effectiveness of such a construction reception directly depends on the right choice of the width of the breakfast and the degree of its inclination. At the same time there should be no cracks and emptiness.

Building base (foundation) and its protection against melt and rainwater

According to the rules of construction science, the scene is used to remove natural water from the foundation. At the same time, it provides for not only an internal drainage system, but also water removal channels (internal and external). However, the use of an outdoor water system is at risk to be clogged, especially in spring, during a sharp temperature drop: from the positive, up to minus.

According to experts, the outer system is more efficient in summer and autumn when the water disposal is made using the site's horizon sludge. This is the most optimal and cheap way to remove water from the building. However, it requires constant and attentive maintenance.

Drainage knot creation scheme on site

Performing such works It is necessary to have a reservoir inventory: shovels (bayonet and selection), rake, wheelbarrow.

After - the establishment of the parameters adjacent to the foundation of the watershed in width and depth. The most effectively works watershed in large sections, almost under the planning stage of the construction site. In this case, this method is used not only to protect the buildings, but also technological structures (car platform, lawns for recreation and sports ground, etc.)

Having his own idea of \u200b\u200bcomfort in housing, you can form personal design solutions that suggest the creation of functional zones with a bias of buildings at the level of 5%. Under such conditions, you can organize various local water structures, crossing. It should also be remembered that the presence of natural water allows you to use it to replenish losses at a round room.

Plan for the organization of drainage from the foundation

In principle, rain or melt water can be discharged from the area in drainage wells or channels for further removal from households. The difference between the breakdown and the water drainage system should be at the level of 20 centimeters.

After marking the lines of the watershed, proceed to the direct organization of the water removal system, which is traditionally carried out in two ways.

Sign of protection of the groundwater

Water removal methods

In the first case, make the channel laying on the base of the watershed having a slope to the tap channel. This work is carried out using the usual shovel, as well as a flat board and construction level. To do this, you first dig up several channels - landmarks that have the necessary bias and connecting with the tap channels. After that, they make the recess of the soil on the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe watershed.

In the second case, serious work is carried out on the planning of slopes in the entire site. To do this, there is a plug or removing the soil on the site in order to obtain the desired slope for removing the water from the structure. The main task is to achieve that the foundation of the house there was a slope with a maximum distance from the structure to zero.

This method subsequently does not require periodic maintenance and allows for all weather conditions to contain the foundation of the building in the waterproof mode.

At the same time, additional protection of the watershed zone should be carried out, which can be equipped with an additional drainage system. This makes it possible to reduce the level of softening the soil adjacent to the building.

The essence of such protection is to organize a protective layer on the big plot. The most radical method is a concrete or stone platform. However, it is expensive and not always justified. Therefore, around the perimeter of the building you can make a herbal lawn. It has a high level of counteracting the penetration of water and practically sends in the desired direction from the structure.

Such a decision is not only practical, but also beautifully in essence, it provides the maximum comfort of accommodation in household. However, the use of lawns, as a method of waterproofing the soil, has specific rules, because its effectiveness depends on the health of the root system and the growth of grass.

The foundation of any structure is subjected to adverse effects on it with groundwater, which in connection with the soil minerals have a destructive effect on the structure of the foundation. Even the foundation waterproofing measures does not guarantee its integrity, especially if the FSB blocks were used for this.

Groundwater removal from foundation

The most effective protection of the foundation of the building is carried out, as at the beginning of construction or can be organized after. To this end, in the corners of the structure, technological recesses are digging, which allow to make the inspection of the soil, its blobs, as well as the level of the structure of the building on the site, as well as the organization of the natural water removal system.

The drainage system is set to the depth of the freezing of the soil, and all that is higher is insulated. Providing landscape beauty is achieved by organizing closed water removal systems that have the necessary slopes.

At the same time, the integrity of the foundation is provided by laying the water system along the perimeter of the structure, followed by its assignment to special wells or channels.

The contour drainage system is equipped with a specific technology laying of layers of building materials. At the very bottom, the sand pillow, then gravel and rubble, then special drainage pipelines that fall asleep with rubble. At the same time, the laying of pipes is carried out in accordance with the necessary slope, which is made on the basis of the previously developed plan.

The effectiveness of the drainage system directly depends on the total compliance with the drainage technology. At the same time, non-compliance with this rule can subsequently lead to a violation of the water removal system, which then soften the soil and can lead to the shrinkage of carrying structures, and damage to the structure, up to its complete destruction.

Reduce the volume of subsequent costs of laying engineering communications can be used if you use the drainage system technological channels for laying the necessary cables or a hidden water removal system.

Construction rules provide for the laying of hidden drainage systems that are at a depth of at least half a meter from the foundation level. Special attention should be paid to estimating the level of soil floting, which determines the further use of pipes for the drainage of the corresponding diameter from 60 to 200 mm.

Also, all pipes additionally turn into special materials (geotextile or tissue, coconut fiber), allowing to protect drainage holes from clogging. This ensures durability and serviceability of the drainage system.

Modern manufacturers offer pipes for drainage in 50 meter bays and an operating period of 50 years. They are connected by special fittings.

Checking the status of the drainage system involves the installation of viewing wells, which are made using special plastic structures.

A properly planned drainage system through the operational well is reduced into a drainage canal or well, which has a natural drainage of water into the process channel, or is equipped with a pump for pumping and exporting accumulated water.

How to take water from the foundation of the house - find out how!

Learn more about how to take water from the foundation of the house with your own hands, step-by-step technology + video!

The foundation is a support for the entire structure, therefore special requirements are presented to its quality and strength. The strength characteristics of the base under the house are declined primarily on the effects of water, it may be ground and melting water, as well as seasonal precipitation. From contact with water on the walls of the foundation, mold and fungus is formed, it becomes raw and uncomfortable in the room. All this makes it just necessary to lead water from the base of the house.

Effective drainage methods

Protect the base of the house from atmospheric precipitation and groundwater in various ways:

Installation of the scene around the perimeter of the house.
Creating a storm sewage in a complex with a drainage.
Drainage system.

Otzhetka

The obligatory and effective way to remove rain and melt waters is. In a single system with drain, this design is able to protect the house with minor precipitation deeply located groundwater. The scene must have a mandatory slope to ensure the outflow of water from the walls of the house. The design can be performed with an additional gutter at the outer edge of or without it.

Storm sewage and drain

When installing the drain system, the main condition is the correct installation. Otherwise, water will be drained along the walls to the foundation, which leads to the destruction and walls, and the grounds. To drive water from the drainage system, storm sewage is used, which includes many devices. In particular, we are talking about rain-seekers, chutes, wells and filters.

Drainage system

Drainage is the most difficult, but most effective option for removing water from the foundation. A full-fledged drainage system should operate in aggregate with storm sewer, so in general the process requires responsibility and large investments.

Material for the improvement of the drainage system

The efficiency of the drainage system largely depends on the quality of the materials used and their correct choice.

For systems to which high load is assumed, the strongest materials should be chosen. Consequently, in these cases, it is better to use products not made of light plastic, and from durable concrete.

Extend the service life of the gutters for water removal can be using pig-iron lattices that protect elements from the outside.

The pipes used in the drainage system should fit into the pre-prepared grooves, on the bottom of which the drainage layer is laid. The most effective is the corrugated pipes for drainage. Their smooth inner surface does not interfere with the passage of water flow, and the corrugation outside the pipes makes them more durable.

Protection of the foundation from groundwater

Groundwater has a constant impact on the foundation, so it is important to create a reliable protection of the foundation from this negative factor.

Very often for greater efficiency use comprehensive protection: trench drainage and. The drainage system is designed to remove water from the foundation, and the waterproofing provides protection against moisture penetration inside concrete structures.

Trench drainage

The drainage system can be open or closed.

Open drainage is a ditch having a width of 50 cm and a depth of up to 1 m. The walls of the ditches are made with a slope of 30 degrees to ensure maximum water accumulation. The duration of the ditch should also have a bias for an arbitrary flow of water.

Make a closed trench drainage with your own hands according to the following scheme:

On the perimeter of the base of the house rotate a trench of about 30 cm wide, the depth should be slightly lower than the sole of the foundation.
On the bottom, sand layer up to 10 cm, providing a slope.
Sand covers geological textiles, fixing on the walls of the trench.
On top, gravel layer 10 cm.
Next laid drainage pipes. They drilled a lot of holes in them, thanks to which water will be seeded into the pipe, and go to specially trained places. Pipes must have a bias of 1 cm on the trafficphone meter.
Pipes fall asleep by gravel, whose layer over the pipe can reach 10 cm.
Gravel is covered with geotextiles, whose ends are stitched.
The end of the drainage tube should be left from the base of the house at a distance of at least 5 m.
The drainage system ends with a water acceptance, which can act artificial or natural reservoirs.

Waterproofing foundation

Waterproofing work protect the base of the house not only from groundwater, but also from soil moisture. Waterproofing can be. In the first case, the protection receives the upper part of the base in places of contact with the walls. In the second - the side surfaces of the foundation.

For waterproofing vertical type, you can use several options:

Protect the foundation with a layer of cement-sandy solution.
Create insulation with.
To lay several layers of rubberoid or toli.

Protection of the foundation from tales and stormwater

Seasonal surface formation of surface waters is also a big problem. It is possible to solve it with the help of integrated protection, which includes the drain system, and drainage.

Drain system

Design is designed to collect rain or melt water from the roof of the house. Water on special gutters flows into the funnels and the pipes are given from the foundation of the building.

Distill from the foundation, the storm drains helps the ring drainage. It is performed as follows:

Ring Drainage

In the open trench laid pipes that lead to a common sewage. Stacking pipes perform on the rammed pillow of their sand and rubble. It is very important that the diameter of the drainage and drainage pipes is the same.
Install wells that take water from the drainage.
All water is assembled in the overall well, from which it is removed by pumping, directly removing in an open reservoir or absorbed into the soil through the drainage field.

Otzhetka

Water, which accumulates on the surface, is assigned to the foundation using the scene. Its arrangement is as follows:

Marking is performed.
The layer of soil is removed to a depth of up to 25 cm.
Mounting formwork is performed.
The soil is covered with a layer of clay and is carefully compacted.
Then follows the sand layer of 10 cm, which is also well tumped.
On top of the sand, a shallow rubber layer is poured with a layer of 5 cm.
At the junction of the unit with a wall of the house, compensatory seam is necessarily formed in 2 cm.
The scene is poured concrete.

Water from the drain system and the scene is discharged by surface drainage. Its arrangement is performed according to the following scheme:

On the outside of the scene, there is a shallow ditch having a small bias.
The bottom of the trench falls asleep with sand and gravel, creating a sandy-gravel pillow.
Next laid special trays and close them with grilles.

Creating a watershed

To send the storm and melting water from the base of the house by another way - creating a watershed. In this case, costs will be minimal, and efficiency is high. The main purpose of the watershed is the direction of the upper water from the structure, its collection in the ditches and the removal from the site.

There are two options for creating a watershed:

Determine the boundaries of the future watershed and the channel of a certain depth is played by its bottom so that the channel is in the direction of the cuvette for collecting water. Next, additional channels will jump from the cabin to the canal and remove the soil between them.
From the cabin to the border of the watershed, bypassing the formation of additional channels, the ground is removed so that it turns out a small bias from the structure that provides an outflow of water. Of the removed soil, there are peculiar bars with a bias from the house.

As a result of actions, the structure turns out to be on an artificial elevation, thanks to which the precipitation and melting water flows towards the house.

To prevent the softening of the soil adjacent to the structure, you must create an additional protective layer. You can make a concrete or stone platform, but it requires significant investments. An excellent solution is to use herbal lawn. It prevents the penetration of water into the lower layers of the soil, directing it in the right direction.

The removal of water from the foundation of the house is a necessity, but it is important to correctly organize this process. The result of the work will be a comfortable stay in the house, an increase in the service life of the founding of the house and its reliability.

Atmospheric precipitates can bring damage to the building not only in the event of a roof. Not less danger they also represent for facade structures, foundations and elements of territory improvement.

And only the competent removal of rainwater is capable of ensuring reliable protection against moisture impact on all these building elements.

To ensure maximum protection against rainwater and minimize damage caused by rainwater streams, it is necessary to perform a whole range of measures involving the construction of several systems that perform certain functions:

Roofing waterbeds and drainage devices.
Livnemics, point and linear water collectors.
Pipelines providing precipitation in the accumulative tanks or filtering fields.

The device of each of these structural elements must correspond to the amount of precipitation characteristic of the region.

It is worth considering the maximum amount of rainwater, which can be obtained as a result of powerful shower or hurricanes. It is depending on these indicators and the technical means are selected capable of ensuring the removal of rain and melt waters in the maximum volume.

Roofing drain system

It is on this system that the task of collecting and redirecting the flow of precipitation with the roof of the building.

This ensures the protection of facade and basement on moisture impact:

Plastic or metal water trimmed gutters mounted on roof cornices.
Drainage pipes from the same materials.
Connecting and fastening elements that provide simple and fast installation of a system that carries out the water drop from the roof.

Parameters (sizes) of the main elements of roofing drains are determined based on the statistical and actual data on the abundance of precipitation in the region. With a simplified calculation, you can use the dependence of the diameter of the gutter and the drain pipe from the roof area.

Remember, any error or negligence when performing the calculation of the drain roofing system will lead to the inefficiency of its use.

The gutter is attached with special brackets, and their bias must be provided (up to 2 degrees) in the direction of the receiving funnels, redirecting the flow into the drainage pipe.

Therefore, the development of the project and the choice of necessary materials should be entrusted with a specialist who has experience performing such work.

At the level of the scene, special devices for collecting rain and melt water are mounted - Livnescence. They can have a point or linear (tray for removal of rainwater) design.

Linear receivers are installed along all surfaces of the base or the foundation of the building at a distance of 0.5-1 meters from building structures. They are designed to collect precipitation from the roofing drainage system, scene, and transportation of wastewater to drives or discharge places into sewage networks (terrain).

Point receivers are installed in possible places of water accumulation and in the waterproof pipe area. The main task of these devices is to catch the streams of water and redirect it to the underground network of pipelines.

The removal of rainwater from the house is most often performed on underground communications, the installation of which is advisable to spend during the installation of the drainage system.

For the device underground pipeline, two-layer corrugated PVC pipes are best used, which have sufficient rigidity and minimal internal resistance of the fluid flow.

Pipes are placed in a trench specially prepared along the building. They are connected to rainmakers, ensuring the collection of water flows.

To ensure efficient operation of the pipe system should be laid with a slope towards drives of drives or to the place of resetting of rainwater on the ground. The magnitude of the slope is 1-2 cm on the route meter of the highway.

Devices for collecting and disposing of rainwater

Take rainwater from building structures, it is only part of solving the problem. In addition, it is necessary to ensure the possibility of its discharge without damaging the neighbors. That is why the rainwater removal device must include drainage or hermetic wells, or the discharge of the assembled drains should be carried out in the filtering field.