Higher School of Economics Myasnitskaya 20. Profitable ownership of the Varvarian joint-stock company. Tile samples "Mur and Meriliz"

An extensive building engaged in the territory between the meat street and a curve-plane alley is a monument of architecture, including the chambers of the beginning of the XVIII century, the income home of the late XIX - early XX centuries. With the restructors of the 1920s. The four-storey volume in the courtyard, decorated with a triangular fronton with the coat of arms of the USSR of 1924, is the highly rebuilt chambers. Since 1710 More than a hundred years, they belonged to the princely kind of ring-Masal. Their last owner was Princess LD. Koltsova-Masalskaya. In the first half of the XIX century. It was already a baroque house with a four-column portico and a high antablem. The main horizontal volume of the portico, like the three of its windows with a half-circular conclusion, can be traced in a modern building.

In 1845, possession sold the richest Armenian merchant I.S. Anan. Here he lived until his death in 1888, the house moved him to numerous children and other relatives. By this time, several separate buildings on the red line of the street, giving up shops appeared in possession. Instead, it was decided to build an income house with office and storage rooms. In 1890 - 1900 According to the project of architect A.V. Ivanov was erected a new three-story building. The powerful stepped horizontal thrust over the third floor was once crowded with a cornice.

In the interior of the central hall of the first floor on the floor, a mosaic of tiles with the inscription " Murie and Meriliz" This is a magnificent sample of ceramic production of a widely known simular trading company.

The new house on meatsnitsky was transferred to the rental of the Varvarian joint-stock company of the homeowners. It passed the premises to editors and printing houses of magazines and newspapers: "Family", "Foreign Literature News", "Russian Leaf", "News of the Day", etc.

In 1905, a meeting of the Moscow Council was held in the house, called for a universal political strike.

There was also a "construction office of an engineer A.V. Bari ", in which many years he worked the leading engineer. Construction of railways, the reconstruction of the Mytishchinsky water supply, grain elevators, the first hyperboloid mesh structures are not a complete list of works performed by the Bari office.

In Soviet times, the editorial office of the newspaper "Economic Life", shops, branches of the EMD. In the mid-1920s. The building was handed over to the USSR oil syndicate, which was located on the street in two floors and reconstructed the building in the yard, as a result of which the entire complex acquired the form of the whole. After the war, the Ministry of Chemical Industry of the USSR was located here.

Currently, the building belongs to the Higher School of Economics.

A marnant building of the Higher School of Economics occupies an extensive territory between the meat street and a curve-tree alley. Inside, the chambers of the beginning of the XVIII century have been preserved, which once belonged to the descendant of Rurik Prince Koltsov-Masalsky. Later, the house of the rich Armenian merchant Ananyan owned the house for a long time. In the 80s of the XIX century, a part of the rebuilt building on meatsnitskaya was held by the office of Bari, in which the famous engineer Vladimir Shukhov worked on the drawings.

Koltsovo-Masalsky

The four-storey volume, the main facade overlooking the courtyard, decorated with pilasters and triangular frontoth. This is the rebuilt house, since 1710 belonging to the crawl and the governor, the representative of the ancient name, leading his genus from Rurik, prince Yakov Ivanovich Koltsovo-Masalsky.

To this period, the history of the house includes a certificate recorded in the letter of the Secretary of the English Embassy in Moscow of Ludwig Christopher Westerns from August 10, 1710: "Six days ago, a house has collapsed here during a feather, with ten or twelve servants and five killed ten or twelve noble people; Between them, the second son of the old prince Boris Alekseevich Golitsyn with his wife and someone Buturine, headed by the Zemsky order. "

House of Koltsovo-Masonic on Meat Street

Drawing of 1834 "Monuments of the architecture of Moscow. White City". M., 1989.

The manor house was in the depths of the big yard and from 1710 it was rebuilt repeatedly. Ownership itself expanded through the acquisition of neighboring small sites. After the death of a childless prince Yakov Ivanovich in 1728, the house was still more than a hundred years old, going to inherit the brother Ivan Mikhailovich Koltsovo-Masalsky, and then his direct descendants. Its last owner was the princess Lyubov Dmitrievna Koltsovo-Masalskaya. In 1834 her husband died - Prince Alexander Andreevich. Obviously, widow needed an assessment of the inherited property, since this year the preserved drawing of the house on meat is dated. In the first half of the XIX century it was a two-story baroque house with a four-column portico and a high antablement, decorated with a volumetric coat of arms. The facade had traces and earlier design. The main horizontal volume of the portico, like the three of its windows with a half-circular conclusion, can be traced in a modern building.

In 1845, the heirs of Koltsovo-Masalsky sold a house with a large garden of Armenian merchant Ivan Stepanovich Ananov.

Armenians Ananov

Ovanen Ananyan (Ivan Stepanovich Ananov) is one of the representatives of the numerous Armenian community of Moscow. It has long been living in the capital, Armenian merchants left a noticeable mark in her life, engaged in charity, opening educational institutions, elevating temples. Ananov is no exception: he invests his funds and was a member of the Soviets of the Lazarevian Institute of Oriental Languages, several shelters, Armenian churches, an Ekaterininskaya hospital, Moscow Art Society and even Zoological Garden. In addition, the Ananov stood at the origins of private banking in Russia. In 1866, he became one of the founders of a merchant bank - the first private bank of Moscow. Since 1871, he has been a member of the Board of Industrial Bank, then the auditor of the Moscow Trade and Industrial Comrade and the elected Moscow Exchange Society. He received one of the most honorable appointments in 1881, becoming a treasurer's committee for the construction of the monument to Emperor Alexander II in the Kremlin. For their works, the Ananov was awarded several orders and a valid secret advisor.

In Moscow, Ivan Stepanovich owned several mansions and income homes. Here, on meat, he lived until his death in 1888. Huge capital and numerous possessions remained his decades, half of which was born in this house, and other relatives.

By this time, the ownership included the main house, still standing in the depths of the courtyard, and several separate buildings along the red line of the street, surrendered to various stores and shops. The heirs decided to build an income house with office and storage rooms on the street. In 1890-1900, a new three-story building was built on the project of architect Alexander Vasilyevich Ivanov.

In its modern form, the construction of Ivanov is clearly visible. The powerful stepped horizontal thrust over the third floor was once crowded with a cornice. The center of the building is highlighted by a rizalitis rizalitis, the lower floor is also rushed. Large horizontal display windows, separated by pilasters of the Corinthian order, determine the commercial purpose of the house.

From the initial interior, little has been preserved. The house has an extensive system of cellars of different levels, they are more intact, and they can be impressed about the initial decoration. In the basement, where the dining room and buffet are now located, high ceilings with crosses. In the corners, they rely on rectangular poles.

In another part of the house, the ceilings of basements have a completely different design: in rectangular caissons of different sizes there are convex stucco heads of colors. The ceiling is framed by eaves with ornamental frieze and decorative brackets. Obviously, these premises were intended for expensive shops or a reference to prestigious firms, and not for warehouse needs.

Heating in the house was a chimney. The furnaces were located in the basements of the lower level, and from there the heat was divided into the complex system of air ducts throughout the house. In one of the basements, the element of the furnace is preserved, and on some walls of the house you can find dampers of the ducts of the beginning of the XX century.

A staircase leads to the central hall of the basements. Initially there were two, symmetrically divergent in different directions. One and a half march of the second staircase and are now hidden in the house, this fragment is behind the door at the first level of basements. The entire space of this room is occupied by a staircase, which does not lead anywhere, becoming an unusual monument, the only staircase of this kind.

Mosaic

In the central hall of the first floor on the floor, the mosaic from the tile of simple geometric forms is consistently attracted, in the central part of which the square with the Mur and Meriliz logo is located. The appearance here this mosaic is not so obvious, as it seems at first glance. The address "Myasnitskaya st., D. 20" was never a trading point in the company "Muriy and Meriliz", even storage facilities in this house they did not remove. The company's connection with this home is completely different.

The activities of the "Mur and Meriliz" were not limited to trade in the well-known store. The company had its own production. Under this brand, at the beginning of the 20th century, there was a cast iron plant, a furniture workshop, artistic bronze factory and the production of facing bricks and tiles. In the central historical archive of Moscow, the main books of the Technical Department of the Mur and Meriliz are stored, which presents reporting on production activities. The tile department takes a significant place in them.

Currently, a tile made at the MURE and Meriliz plant can be seen, for example, in the Nizhny Novgorod branch of the State Bank, in the Smolensky Cathedral of the Novodevichy Monastery in Moscow and on the meat street in the house number 20. This is not only a mosaic in the lobby, in the house There are two more samples of the "Mur and Meriliz" tiles: around the elevator on the first floor of the central hall and on the site in front of the elevator of the third floor in the right wing. This is the Metlah tile, the manufacturing technology of which is as follows: the crude clay paint the clay of another color, then all this is burned, and the one color occurs in another.

Tile samples "Mur and Meriliz"

A magnificent preserved mosaic in house number 20 is a unique and rare model of the widest activity of the company "MURE AND MERILIZ", which have come down to our time.

The ceiling of the hall of the first floor, as in one of the basements, is decorated with rectangular caissons. Practically over the mosaic is a round stucco socket framing a chandelier. Its stucco decor consists of flowers and grooved stems, thoroughfough horns and one more element - two snakes, which go around the staff with two wings at the end. This symbol called "Caduceus" leads its origin from the ancient world. Mythological history is this: one of the Gods of Olympus (here the sources differ, calling Apollo or Zeus) presented Hermes, the patron of traveling and trading, staff with wings, like his sandals. Hermes met two steady snakes, whom he calmed down his staff, and they forever intertwined around him. In this form, the staff with snakes became a symbol of unity of opposites. His willingly used alchemists, merchants and doctors. In the house number 20 on meat, this symbol appeared as a commerce emblem.

Varvarina joint-stock company

Having built a new home on meat, the heirs of Ananova passed it to the rental of the Warvarian joint-stock company of the homeowners. It was founded in 1897 by three Moscow millionaires A.I. Shamshin, A.D. Schlesinger and S.V. Lephashkin. The society had a huge capital, which it invests in the construction of luxurious income homes equipped with all modern technical innovations. For them they worked such architects like D.V. Sterligov, R.I. Klein and including A.V. Ivanov, built this house on meat. Varvarina joint-stock company not only built, but also contains profitable homes. One of them was the house number 20. It is likely that the mosaic of the first floor was ordered by the company "MURE and Meriliz" by the Warvarian society.

Many rooms in the house led edited and printing houses "Family", "Rampa", "Foreign Literature" and newspapers "Early Morning", "Russian Leaf", "News of the Day". The latter was a political newspaper supporting cadets. In 1905, in the printing house of the newspaper, which was in the courtyard of the former house of Koltsovo-Masalsky, there was a search. And on December 6 of the same year, a meeting of the Moscow Council was held in the house, called for a universal political strike.

The old mansion for this time lost baroque features and a massive coat of arms, but still a separate building with a classic facade.

Constor Bari and Engineer Shukhov

The new house moved "Construction office of engineer A.V. Bari. Alexander Veniaminovich Bari, who received engineering education, sought to engage in entrepreneurship. In 1880, he opened a firm that became famous in Russia and abroad. The range of works, orders for which Bari took, was incredibly wide: from the manufacture of metal structures for furnaces before the construction of bridges and buildings.

The success of Bari brought not only his commercial vein, but also a competent recruitment. He invited the best engineers, including Vladimir Grigorievich Shukhov. They met in America, where Bari built pavilions for the World Exhibition of 1876, and Shukhov was on a business trip. Opening his engineering office, Bary remembered the talented young man and suggested Shukhov the place of the chief engineer. They worked together about thirty years.

One of the first works of Shukhov in the Bari office was a sample of a new steam boiler. Increased demand for this product forced Alexander Bari to open specialized production - "Boiler plant A.V. Bari.

Construction of Russian railways, the reconstruction of Mytishchinsky water supply, grain elevators, the first hyperbuloid mesh structures, of which in 1922 the tower on Shabolovka was built - one of the most famous buildings of Shukhov - here's just some work "Construction Office of Engineer A.V. Bari.

In 1913, Alexander Veniaminovich died suddenly. The construction office on meatsky, 20, headed by his son Vladimir Alexandrovich Bari. And in 1918 and the plant, and the company was nationalized. The family was forced to leave the border. But Vladimir Shukhov continued to work in the house on meatsnitskaya - in the "Stalmost" trust, which is located here after 1917.

By this time, the editorial office of the newspaper "Economic Life", trade syndicates and shops, as well as government, partnership and department of the Supreme Council of the National Economy were held here.

In the mid-1920s, the house was transferred to the USSR oil syndicate. With it, significant transformations were made. Architect Ivan Ivanovich Rerberg was a three-storey house with two floors, giving him the appearance that exists now. The careful attitude of the architect to the already existing construction allowed him to optimally combine new floors with the 1900 architectural architecture, without violating the integrity of the composition.

Then they were also prescribed at home in the yard. The building has become a single complex, which includes the construction of the early XVIII century. The former House of Rovtsovo-Masalsky was completely changed. He was allowed and destroyed the column portico, replacing it with pilasters. A triangular fronton appeared on the house, decorated with the coat of arms of the USSR.

The coat of arms on the front. Consists of a sickle and hammer on the background of the globe in the rays of the sun. They are framed by ears, sent by a ribbon, on which six languages \u200b\u200b- Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Georgian, Armenian, Turko-Tatar - made an inscription "Proletarians of all countries, connect!". Went coat of arms five-pointed star. Six languages \u200b\u200bare due to the six republics, which were part of the newly formed USSR. The coat of arms was created by the artist I.I. Dubasov and approved by the USSR Constitution in 1924.

During the Great Patriotic War opposite the house on the wasteland, where the church of St. Evpla once stood, a bomb fell, but the house itself was not injured.

After the war, the building was given to the Ministry of Chemical Industry of the USSR, established in 1946. The ministerial period of the house of the house owns the door on the second floor site in front of the elevators, the wooden panels of the walls of the Cabinet and the former Cabinet of the Minister (now is not used), where the interior and furnishings are partially preserved.

In the equipment of the main office of the university, located on Meatsnitskaya Street, there was a challenge to create an environment that promotes active, productive work in front of Felix specialists. Therefore, bright, screaming tones designers were not considered, and the colors were chosen calm, not irritating eyes. The furniture was carefully selected, because in addition to excellent aesthetic qualities, it had to correspond to a number of mandatory characteristics - to be durable, good and modern.

For the reception, the company's specialists proposed the collection "Plus" collection in the color "Milan Walnut Light". Furniture harmoniously fitted into the room, rejuvenated with light walls and ceiling. In addition to closed cabinets, racks are used in the interior, the height of which coincides with the height of the tables. Thanks to such a set of furniture, designers managed to expand the working surface of the table and create an additional space for storing office supplies, without clinging to the room. Concrete steel decoration Accessories - Desktop Organizers made of metal and dark plastic on desktops.

Furniture in calm brown tones was also recommended for the meeting room. The Tehnoford collection answered all the wishes of the customer - the color "Italian walnut" with a pronounced wood painter, metal legs-supports at the tables and rounded on the edges of the tabletop lines. The table for negotiations consists of several tables that can be used separately if necessary.

The Cabinet of the Deputy Director of the Institute of Statistical Studies and Economics is also converted and now complies with the general principles of the design of the entire premises. Furniture from the collection for managers "THE PRESIDENT" (Felix production) in the "Italian walnut" demonstrates a combination of functionality and aesthetics. Smooth, rounded table top shapes meet the requirements of ergonomics and modern tendencies of office design.

For registration of the workplace of the University of University, a series of furniture for managers has been chosen SENATOR NEW. (production of Italy) in the color of "Walnut". Originality and special charm of this collection are given moldings from array of wood with a decorative insert "Radika" used in the decorative insert.

Continuing cooperation with HSE, the company continued to supply on the equipment of the University of the General Office, located at the address: ul. Myasnitskaya, 20. Cabinets were installed for staff "System M" , "Technophore" , "SPECTRUM" , and guidelines are furnished with models "CONSUL", "DIPLOMAT" , "THE PRESIDENT" , "President-Crystal" .

In the future, the company continued to install the furniture of the economy segment in several HSE buildings located at the following addresses: ul. Vavilov, 7; ul. Myasnitskaya, 18; ul.miasnitskaya, 20; Pokrovsky br, 8; bikrpicknaya ul, 33; Stsbolovka stub, 26; Kochensky Pr-d, 3; Khitrovsky per., 5 and Ordina, 17.

Furniture series has been proposed for equipment "DIALOGUE" In the color "Milan Walnut Light." The thoughtful configuration allowed rationally and efficiently organize the workspace for HSE students. The structurality of the details and the optimal color solution of the collection emphasized the stylish and spectacular interior of the office.

In the future, Felix has provided hotel furniture hostel for students, located at the address: Valvikov St., 7. The company was tasked with furniture one floor of the main hostel hostel at 12 numbers.

To equip them, the customer preferred a collection Sylvia Suite In the color "Italian walnut", distinguished by a stylish design and flawless finish. Based on various planning and space area, non-standard furniture was made. The thoughtful configuration, combining the ergonomics and functionality of the collection of the collection, helped rationally and effectively organize the space of the rooms. The quality of modern materials used in the manufacture of cabinets, tumb, luggage shelves and tables will significantly increase the life of furniture.

For the decoration of the interiors, Felix was also chosen wall posters. Elegant comfortable rooms, allowing you to feel homely, guests rated.