Country of origin: Russia

Breeder (Firm, Applicant): VNIIZK them. Kalinenko

Year of registration:

Region (city where it was bred): Rostov

Ear type: spinous

Ripeness group: mid-early

Winter-cold resistance: above average

Drought Tolerance: high

Lodging resistance: high

Shatter resistance: high

Disease resistance: high

Grain quality: strong

Detailed description:

Winter wheat ERMAK

Originator: State Scientific Institution All-Russian Research Institute of Grain Crops named after I.G. Kalinenko, Zernograd, Rostov region, Russia.

Variety - erythrospermum. The type of development is winter. Bush of intermediate form. The stem is strong, empty. The leaf is green, average size not pubescent without a wax pillowcase. The ear is white, spindle-shaped, of medium size and density. Kolosova scales are ovoid. Nervation is weakly expressed. Tooth of medium length, sharp. The shoulder is of medium width, beveled below, straight above and in the middle part. The keel is well defined. The awns are short, slightly diverging to the sides, serrated, white. Caryopsis of medium size, red, rounded. The furrow is shallow. The variety is undersized. Plant height 86-95 cm. Weight of 1000 grains 36-49.0 g. Mid-early, vegetation period was 277-292 days. The variety is highly adapted to late sowing, due to the high regenerative capacity for tillering in the winter-early spring period. Resistance to diseases and adverse conditions: The winter hardiness of the variety in freezing conditions is above average. Variety resistance to lodging 8.3-9.0 points. The variety is resistant to shedding. Drought resistance 8.5-8.9 points. The variety is resistant to powdery mildew, brown leaf rust, fusarium. It belongs to the varieties of resource-saving technologies, does not require the use of fungicides against diseases and lodging retardants. Flour-grinding and baking characteristics of the variety are excellent. The grain contains 14.5% protein, 30.9% gluten, IDK - 55-60 A.C. W - 350-441 А.А. "The volume of bread from 100 g of flour is 1080-1300 ml, the total baking grade is 9.0 points. Strong wheat. High-yielding variety.

People have been growing wheat for many years. This culture is quite useful and is used in various areas of the economy. Not so long ago, spring wheat was very popular in cultivation, but today winter wheat has become in demand.

Main characteristics

Winter wheat is considered an annual representative of grain crops, it belongs to the Cereal family. Work on its sowing must be carried out at the end of the summer period - in early autumn. The appearance of the first sprout occurs even before winter comes, but they are not afraid of the cold. The period of sprout ripening in this wheat comes much earlier than in spring varieties. The popularity of winter wheat is extremely high, breeders are constantly working on breeding new varieties.

Currently, two types of winter cereal varieties are known.

1. Solid. These species prefer areas with a dry climate. Description of the plant: a stem with a large thickness, grains of small size with a yellow or brown color and a rigid structure. The purpose of durum wheat is the production of flour, which has excellent properties. It is ideal for making pasta products.
2. soft varieties prefer moist growing areas. Description of the plant: thin-walled stem, the grain is glassy, ​​powdery, has a color from white to dark brown. Flour made from such a cereal is thin and crumbly. It is often used for the preparation of bakery and confectionery products.

Winter wheat is valued for its high yields, as well as its unusually high nutritional value. Despite its resistance to cold, this cereal is highly demanding on the growing mechanism and conditions. If the climate is not favorable for the normal growth and development of the plant, then the grain crop dies en masse. Soils that contain a lot of humus are considered the most suitable for the growth of winter wheat.

In order for the yields to be high, it is necessary to choose the right seeds.

Characteristics of winter wheat seeds to look out for:

• the ability to tolerate drought, as well as dehydration;
• resistance to sub-zero temperatures;
• soil requirements.

New varieties and hybrids

In recent years, scientists have been actively working, bringing out new varieties of winter cereals. Representatives in demand by farmers grow in the center, in the south and north of the country. The grain of such hybrids is able to give high yields, is resistant to negative air temperatures and diseases.

Consider the most prominent representatives of new varieties and hybrids.

"Ermak"

This type of cereal crop was created by stepwise hybridization, as well as targeted selection from hybrid combinations. The bush of this wheat is characterized by intermediateness, does not have a coating of wax, its straws are characterized by a hollow type, the leaves are without pubescence. The spike is spindle-shaped, it is white and has a short length, which reaches nine centimeters. The grain of "Ermak" is medium in size, oval in shape, red in color and slightly pubescent. A mid-early variety with an average yield. The maximum amount of this wheat was harvested in 2011 and amounted to eleven tons per hectare.

"Ermak" is wheat for flour-grinding and baking purposes with strong and high-quality grains. The grass rarely suffers from fungal infections, and is resistant to the frosty period. Brown rust, powdery mildew, dusty smut, these representatives of cereals are rarely affected. This variety is resistant to the process of lodging, does not need the use of various chemicals. It was created with a high adaptability to the late sowing period, so wheat has a high regenerative capacity for tillering in the period of late winter - early spring. "Ermak" is considered a highly productive grain of soft varieties of winter wheat.

"Ascetic"

it is a variety that has a semi-erect shrub with medium height. The spikelet is fusiform, has an average density, white color and a small length. One thousand grains weigh approximately thirty-five kilograms. "Asket" is considered a medium-yielding mid-early variety. The growing season is approximately two hundred and seventy days. Winter hardiness is average, has resistance to lodging and drought. The variety has good baking qualities. This wheat is of high value, rarely attacked by leaf rust and septoria, but is quite susceptible to smut.

Rating of the best

Every valuable food crop needs attention when grown. When sowing winter varieties, each farmer must take into account the degree of resistance of the plant to cold, drought, soil requirements. Wheat that feels comfortable in a particular area gives excellent harvests.

For different regions.

• "Bagrat". They belong to the group of medium-sized varieties: its height reaches about one meter. The plant is resistant to lodging, medium early, actively growing in spring. The grains are medium in size, elongated, and have a small groove. The variety gives good yields that exceed the standards. "Bagrat" is used in the flour-grinding and baking industries. This plant is resistant to climatic conditions of the territory and diseases. The variety has good frost resistance. The recommended region for grain cultivation is the North Caucasus.

It is best to plant "Bagrat" after tilled and spiked crops.

• "Scepter". Recommended for cultivation in the Novgorod, Pskov and Nizhny Novgorod regions. The plant is medium in size and belongs to the semi-creeping. The ear has the shape of a cylinder, medium friability and small length. A thousand grains weigh approximately forty kilograms. This variety is classified as mid-season, its growing season is no more than three hundred and thirty-eight days. "Scepter" is characterized by increased winter hardiness and practically does not lodge. It has satisfactory baking qualities, is resistant to many diseases, but poorly resists snow mold.

• "Snow Maiden". Belgorod and Voronezh regions are suitable for its cultivation. The bush is upright with an average height. The ear has a cylindrical shape, medium friability and white color. A thousand grains in weight reaches from thirty-eight kilograms. The variety is characterized by medium ripening and high winter hardiness. The height of the cereal is from sixty-seven centimeters to ninety-eight. "Snegurka" is distinguished by resistance to drought and lodging, has good baking characteristics. This is a valuable wheat variety that is slightly susceptible to diseases.

• "Lydia". The most favorable zone for growing the variety is the North Caucasus and the Lower Volga region. The ear is cylindrical in shape, white in color, and reaches a length of six to nine centimeters. The grain of the plant is red in color, it is ovoid and medium in size. The yields of this variety are average, black fallow, peas and sunflowers are considered the best predecessors. The value of "Lydia" is appreciated in the baking and flour-grinding sectors.

• "Antonina" it is a short-stemmed representative of cereals. It belongs to medium-late cereals, is resistant to lodging and does not crumble. The cylindrical ear is painted in a slightly creamy color, its length reaches eleven centimeters. The grains are large, red, elongated. "Antonina" provides farmers with large harvests, especially in the North Caucasus. The grass has high rates of drought and frost resistance.

• "Adel". It belongs to medium-sized varieties that are recommended for cultivation in the North Caucasus and nearby areas. This wheat is medium early, does not crumble. The bushes of the plant are semi-erect. The ear has a pyramidal shape and a length of up to nine centimeters. The grains are medium, elongated, painted red. "Adel" can provide a crop of medium quantity, which is used for flour-grinding and baking purposes. This wheat tolerates drought well and is rarely subject to infection by diseases. Also, this wheat has increased winter hardiness.

• "Tanya" - this is winter wheat, which belongs to semi-dwarf plants. This is a crop with medium maturation and high resistance to lodging. Cereal bushes are semi-erect, the spike can be cylindrical or pyramidal with medium density. The grains are characterized by large sizes, they are ovoid with a long crest. The cereal of this variety gives good yields, which are used in the flour-grinding and baking direction. "Tanya" is recommended to be sown for grain after corn, the North Caucasus is considered the most favorable region.

By yield

Currently, there are many varieties of winter wheat bred in the State Scientific Institution KNIISKh IM. P. P. Lukyanenko, which are considered high-yielding. Consider the most prominent representatives.

• "Alexeyevich"- a variety of winter wheat, which gives excellent yields. Its grains are egg-shaped, red in color and of medium size. The ear is white and pyramidal. This variety has an extremely high productivity - one hundred and twenty centners per hectare. Alekseevich has the highest yield when it is planted after white mustard. This cereal has excellent baking qualities.

• "Yuka" has resistance to lodging and shattering, this variety has short stems. The bush of the plant is semi-erect with weakly made straw. Spikelets are long and cylindrical, they are painted white. The grain is red, long, medium in size. A distinctive feature of the variety is high and stable productivity, its average yield is eighty-eight centners of grain per hectare. It is often used in flour-grinding and baking industries.

• "Blue" gives excellent yields, the volume of which ranges from eighty to one hundred and ten centners per hectare. The variety shows resistance to adverse climatic conditions. The cereal has found wide application in the manufacture of flour and its derivatives. The seeding rate of wheat has a huge impact on the future harvest: if the soil is heavy in the territory, then the rate can be increased.

By sustainability

The bush of the plant is semi-spreading, covered with a slight bloom on the ear. The spikelet is painted white and is characterized by a pyramidal shape. When planting this variety, the farmer can count on stability and large volumes in wheat crops. The largest amount of harvested grain of this variety was recorded in 2003: it amounted to one hundred and ten hectares per centner. "Thunder" is a type of winter cereal that occupies a leading position in terms of resistance to powdery mildew, yellow rust, brown rust, it is not attacked by Fusarium. This grass has high frost and drought tolerance.

Conclusion

Varieties of winter cereals are popular crops that are of great importance for humans. They are sown for protein content, the presence of fats and carbohydrates in grains. Such wheat is characterized by high yields and a stable attitude to diseases. To obtain good yields, it is necessary to select a variety that suits the climatic conditions of the territory. The best predecessor crops for winter crops are corn, alfalfa and legumes.

See the video below for an overview of winter wheat varieties.

“WINTER SOFT WHEAT ERMAK Included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation since 2001, in Ukraine - since 2005, in the Republic of Moldova - since 2008, protected by a patent. Authors: I.G. ..."

WINTER SOFT WHEAT

Introduced into the State

register of breeding achievements of the Russian Federation since 2001, in Ukraine -

since 2005, Republic of Moldova

IN AND. Kovtun, O.V. Violin, T.A.

Grichanikova, O.I. Zvyagina, L.G.

Shatilov, N.E. Samofalova, S.N.

Prishchepov, L.N. Lyutova, T.G. Derova.

Origin. The variety was created by the method of stepwise hybridization and purposeful selection from a hybrid combination.

General characteristics. Variety - erythrospermum. The ear is white, spindle-shaped, medium density. The weight of 1000 grains is 38-46 g. The genotypic formula of gliadins is 317+1311х++. Belongs to mid-early varieties. Plant height - 81-92 cm, resistant to lodging.

Productivity. The average yield in competitive trials over 8 years of study (2004-2011) was 5.9 t/ha. For the predecessor of fallows - 7.6 t/ha. The maximum yield (11.0 t/ha) was obtained in 2001 from the predecessor corn for silage at the Tselinsky GSU.

Flour-grinding and baking qualities. Grain quality is good, corresponds to the "valuable" wheat.

Resistance to diseases and climatic conditions. Under field conditions and against an infectious background with artificial infection, it is resistant to leaf rust, moderately susceptible to powdery mildew, slightly susceptible to loose smut. The variety is distinguished by high drought resistance, winter hardiness is above average, at the level of the Tarasovskaya 29 variety.

Cultivation zone and predecessors. Approved for use in production in the North Caucasus and Nizhnevolzhsky regions of the Russian Federation, in Ukraine and Moldova. Recommended for sowing in fallows and the best non-fallow predecessors.

Sowing dates. Optimal for the zone, late sowing dates are allowed.

Main advantages. A highly productive variety with an increased level of drought resistance and frost resistance. valuable wheat.

WINTER SOFT WHEAT

ZERNOGRADKA 11 Introduced into the State

–  –  –

347740, Russia, Zernograd, Rostov Region, Nauchny Gorodok, 3 tel/fax 8-(863-59) 41-4-68, 43-3-82

WINTER SOFT WHEAT

DONSKAYA BEZOSTAYA

Included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation since 1983, protected by a patent.

Origin. Obtained as a result of intraspecific stepwise hybridization with the participation in crosses of ecologically distant varieties: mother: 209/72 (294/67 + 261/67); father: 259/72 (Author's 1173/68).

General characteristics. Medium-sized variety, plant height 90-110 cm, mid-season, vegetation period 270-280 days. Variety - lutescens. Grain - medium size, glassy, ​​weight of 1000 grains - 31.9 g.

Productivity. The average yield of the predecessor black fallows for 2007-2011. amounted to 6.09 t/ha. The maximum yield is 8.90 t/ha.

Flour-grinding and baking qualities. It is included in the list of strong wheats of Russia.

Resistance to diseases and climatic conditions. Frost resistance and winter hardiness are high, resistant to ice crust and soaking, reliable in overwintering. Resistant to brown and yellow rust, moderately susceptible to powdery mildew, not affected by loose smut. It bushes well and forms 800-1000 ears per 1 m2 for harvesting. It has a slow rate of plant development in the autumn growing season, which allows this variety to be sown at the beginning of the optimal time.

Cultivation zone. Approved for use in production in the North Caucasian, Central Black Earth and Lower Volga regions of the Russian Federation. Designed for sowing on low-intensity fallows and the best non-fallow predecessors.

Sowing dates. The best return of the variety when sowing at the optimal sowing time.

SEEDS MUST BE SEEDED BEFORE SOWING

VINCITE FORTE IN A DOSE OF 1.2 l/ha!

Main advantages. A highly plastic variety, with a high degree of adaptation to natural conditions in the zones of approval for use and high grain quality.

–  –  –

Included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation since 2013, protected by a patent.

Authors: Kovtun V.I., Grichanikova T.A., Romanyukina I.V., Markarova Zh.R., Beloborodova T.V., Samofalova N.E., Ilichkina N.P., Kovtun L.N., Skripka O.V., Samofalov A.P., Kopus M.M., Derov A.I., Derova T.G., Ionova E.V., Ignatieva N.G., Firsova T.I., Vasyushkina N. .E., Dmitryukova L.A.

Origin. It was created by the method of intervarietal hybridization, as the initial forms were used: the maternal variety - Donskoy Mayak, the paternal variety - Umanka.

General characteristics. Variety - lutenscens. Ear white, awnless, cylindrical, medium length (7-8.8 cm), medium density.

Grain of medium size, weight of 1000 grains 37-44 g, ovoid, red, shallow groove. Belongs to mid-early varieties. Plant height 96-104 cm, highly resistant to lodging (at the level of variety Don 93).

Productivity. The average yield in competitive trials for the predecessor corn for silage for 5 years (2009-2013) was 5.63 t/ha, exceeding Don 95 - 0.30 t/ha. According to the predecessor sunflower (2010-2013) - 4.14 t/ha (+0.45 t/ha to Don 95), peas (2011-2013) - 5.98 t/ha (+0.30 t/ha to Don 95). The maximum yield - 8.42 t/ha (+0.56 t/ha to Don 95) was obtained in 2011 for black fallow at the Rostov GSU (Rostov region).

Flour-grinding and baking qualities. In terms of grain quality, it meets the requirements of GOST for valuable wheat.

Resistance to diseases and climatic conditions. The variety is highly resistant to leaf rust and loose smut. Moderately resistant to powdery mildew. Frost resistance is high (at the level of the Tarasovskaya 29 standard). According to the Department of Physiology and Biotechnology, drought resistance and heat resistance are high (group I resistance), the resistance index is 273 rel. units

Cultivation zone. Approved for use in the North Caucasus region of the Russian Federation for sowing on a high and medium agrobackground.

Main advantages. A semi-intensive variety for sowing in fallows and non-fallow predecessors. It has a high productivity potential, is characterized by high resistance to the main stress factors of the North Caucasus region.

LYDIA Included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation since 2014, protected by a patent.

Authors: Grichanikova T.A., Kovtun V.I., Romanyukina I.V., Marchenko D.M., Skripka O.V., Vasyushkina N.E., Firsova T.I., Derova T.G., Dmitryukova L.A., Samofalova N.E., Ionova E.V., Kopus M.M., Ilichkina N.P., Kravchenko N.S., Samofalov A.P., Verbitskaya V.I., Dubinina O .A., Ovsyannikova G.V.

Origin. It was created by the method of intervarietal hybridization, as initial forms were used: maternal line - 1942/98, paternal variety - Ermak.

General characteristics. Variety - erythrospermum. Ear white, spinous, cylindrical, medium length (6.8-9.1 cm), medium density. Grain of medium size, weight of 1000 grains 44-47 g, ovoid, red, shallow groove. Belongs to mid-early varieties. Plant height - 80-95 cm, has a high resistance to lodging.

Productivity. The average yield in competitive trials for the predecessor corn for silage for 5 years (2009-2013) was 6.06 t/ha, exceeding Don 95 - 0.65 t/ha. High yield increases were obtained for predecessors: black fallow - +0.46 t/ha (6.91 t/ha), peas - +0.53 t/ha (6.21 t/ha) and sunflower - +0.50 t/ha (4.19 t/ha). The maximum yield - 8.23 ​​t/ha (+0.16 t/ha to Aivina station), was obtained in 2013 for legumes at the Kochubeevsky GSU (Stavropol Territory).

Flour-grinding and baking qualities. valuable wheat.

Resistance to diseases and climatic conditions. On an artificial infectious background of infection, the Lydia variety is highly resistant to leaf rust and loose smut. Moderately resistant to powdery mildew. It has a high level of frost resistance and drought resistance.

Sowing dates. Optimal for the zone.

Main advantages. A highly productive variety resistant to leaf rust and loose smut, with an increased level of drought resistance and frost resistance.

AKSINYA Included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation since 2014, protected by a patent.

Origin.

It was created by the method of intraspecific complex stepwise hybridization, with the participation in crossing two varieties of local selection, maternal variety: line 1106/97 (Gift to Don 1312/88), paternal variety:

General characteristics. Variety - erythrospermum. Low-growing variety, plant height 85-88 cm, resistant to lodging and shedding of grain in the ear. Refers to varieties of early ripening. The grain is red, vitreous, medium size 39-46 g.

Productivity. Average crop yield per fallow for 2007-2014

– 6.58 t/ha. Potential yield is 9.60 t/ha.

Flour-grinding and baking qualities. Strong wheat. The content in the grain of crude protein is 14.9%, gluten is 31.1%, the quality of gluten (GQ) is 98 u, the baking power of flour is 270 u, the volumetric yield of bread from 100 g of flour is 643 cm3, the total bread score - 4.1 points, valorimetric test score - 67 f.u.

Resistance to diseases and climatic conditions. The variety is frost-resistant, drought-resistant. It is highly resistant to leaf rust, moderately resistant to powdery mildew.

Cultivation zone and predecessors. Approved for cultivation in the North Caucasus region of the Russian Federation in zones 4 and 5 of the Rostov region.

Sowing dates. Optimal for the zone.

Seeding rate. 4.5-5.0 million germinating grains per 1 ha.

Main advantages. Low-stemmed, intensive, plastic, high-yielding variety with good baking properties.

NAKHODKA Included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation since 2015, protected by a patent.

Origin. Created by the method of intraspecific complex stepwise hybridization. Maternal variety - 1027/96 [Zernogradka 8 x 1659/90]. Paternal variety - 1116/97.

General characteristics. Variety - lutescens. Low-growing variety, plant height 91.2 cm, resistant to lodging and shedding of grain, medium-early ripening period, vegetation period 267 days.

Productivity. The average yield in crops for a couple of 2007-2014. – 6.69 t/ha, potential yield – 9.50 t/ha. The variety shows good gains on the predecessor of peas.

Flour-grinding and baking qualities. valuable wheat. The content of crude protein in the grain is 16.35%, gluten is 29.0%, the quality of gluten (IDK) is 77 u, the baking power of flour is 318 u, the volume yield of bread from 100 g of flour is 600 cm3, total score of bread - 3.5 points, valorimetric score of the dough - 90 fu, falling number - 442 sec.

Resistance to diseases and climatic conditions. Heat-resistant, drought-resistant variety. It is characterized by high resistance to brown rust, powdery mildew, is not affected by loose smut, and is moderately susceptible to damage by septoria.

Cultivation zone and predecessors. Approved for cultivation in the North Caucasus region of the Russian Federation.

Sowing dates. Optimal for the zone.

Seeding rates. 4.0-5.0 million germinating grains per 1 ha.

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