What is the initial word word? How to determine the initial form of the word? What is the initial form? Independent parts of speech

The form of the word is engaged in morphology. Forms are from changing words. One of the forms is called initial. The initial is the form in which the word is given in the dictionaries.

For nouns The initial form is the form of units, I.P., for example: school, class, night .

For adjectives - units, m. r., for example: blue, winter, fox .

For numeral The initial form are:
For quantitative - I.P., for example: ten, hundred ,
For ordinal - units, M.R., I.P., for example: second, hundredth .

Note:

For verbs* The initial form is an uncertain form of verb (\u003d infinitive), for example: smile, think, play .

Note:

For communities, the initial form of the verb is determined in different ways.

It depends on the interpretation of the nature of the communion.

If the communities are defined as a special form of verb, the initial form will be an indefinite form of verb, for example: smile, build.
If the communities are defined as an independent part of speech, then the initial form is the form of units, M.R., I.P., for example: smiling, built. Read more about the nature of the communion see

1. Independent parts of speech:

nouns (see Morphological Norms of Sum.);
verbs:
- communion;
- verbalia;
adjectives;
numeral;
pronouns;
adveria;

2. Speech parties:

prepositions;
unions;
particles;

3. Interdomitia.

None of the classifications (by the morphological system) of the Russian language do not fall:

there are no words and no, in case they act as an independent offer.
introductory words: So, by the way, in the same way, as a separate offer, as well as a number of other words.

Morphological analysis of the existence

the initial form in the nominative case, the only number (with the exception of nouns used only in the plural: scissors, etc.);
own or nominal;
animated or inanimate;
genus (m, w, cf.);
number (units, mn.);
declination;
case;
syntactic role in the proposal.

Morphological Sewing Plan

"Kid drinks milk."

Kid (answering the question of who?) - the name of the noun;

initial form - kid;
permanent morphological signs: animate, nominal, concrete, male genus, I -LO decline;
non-permanent morphological signs: nominative case, single;
in syntaxially, the sentence performs the role of the subject.

Morphological analysis of the words "milk" (answers the question of whom? What?).

initial form - milk;
constant morphological Characteristic of the word: medium kind, inanimate, real, nominal, II decline;
changeable signs Morphological: accusative case, the only number;
in the proposal direct addition.

We present another sample, how to make a morphological analysis of the noun, on the basis of a literary source:

"Two ladies ran up to a nuddle and helped him stand up. He began to shoot down the dust from the coat. (Example from:" Protection of Luzin ", Vladimir Nabokov)."

Ladies (who?) - the name of the noun;

initial form - lady;
permanent morphological signs: a nominal, animated, concrete, female kind, I decline;
non-permanent morphological Single characteristics: single, genitive case;
syntactic role: part of the subject.

Nuzhin (to whom?) - Nouns name;

initial form - LUZN;
loyal morphological Characteristic of the word: name your own, animated, concrete, male genus, mixed decline;
non-permanent morphological signs of a noun: the only number, a dutiful case;

Palm (what?) - the name of the noun;

initial form - palm;
permanent morphological signs: female genus, inanimate, nominal, concrete, I decline;
non-permanent morpho. Signs: The only number, the Certificate case;
syntactic role in context: addition.

Dust (what?) - noun name;

initial form - dust;
major morphological signs: a nominal, real, feminine kind, the only number, an animated is not characterized, III decline (noun with zero ending);
non-permanent morphological Characteristic of the word: accusative case;
syntactic role: addition.

initial shape - coat;
permanent correct morphological Characteristic of the word: inanimate, nominal, concrete, medium kind, unclear;
morphological signs are non-permanent: the number by the context cannot be determined, the genitive case;
syntactic role as a member of the sentence: Supplement.

Morphological analysis of adjective

The adjective name is a significant part of speech. Answers questions what? What? What? What kind? and characterizes signs or quality of the subject. Table of morphological signs of the adjective name:

initial shape in the nominative case, the only number, male race;
permanent morphological signs of adjectives:
- discharge, according to the value:
- - - high-quality (warm, silent);
  - - relative (yesterday, readable);
  - - Pretty (Hare, Mine);
- the degree of comparison (for high-quality, which have a constant sign);
- full / brief form (for high-quality, in which this feature is permanent);
non-permanent morphological signs of adjective:
- qualitative adjectives change according to the degree of comparison (in comparative degrees a simple form, in excellent - complicated): Beautiful-beautiful is the most beautiful;
- full or short shape (only high-quality adjectives);
- sign of kind (only in the singular);
- number (consistent with nouns);
- case (consistent with nouns);
syntax role in the proposal: The adjective name is the definition or part of the composite name of the facility.

Morphological parsing plan

Example sentences:

Full moon rose over the city.

Full (what?) - The adjective name;

the initial form is complete;
permanent morphological signs of the adjective name: high-quality, full form;
non-permanent morphological characteristic: in a positive (zero) comparison degree, female family (consistent with nouns), nominal case;
according to syntactic analysis, a minor member of the sentence, performs the role of determination.

Here is another literary excerpt and morphological analysis of the adjective name, in the examples:

The girl was beautiful: slim, thin, blue eyes, like two amazing sapphire, and looked into your soul.

Beautiful (what?) - The name adjective;

the initial form is beautiful (in this meaning);
permanent morphological norms: high-quality, short;
non-permanent signs: a positive degree of comparison, the only number, female;

Slender (what?) - the adjective name;

the initial form is slim;
permanent morphological signs: high-quality, complete;
non-permanent morphological characteristic of the word: full, positive degree of comparison, the only number, female genus, nominative case;
syntactic role in the sentence: part of the fant.

Thin (what?) - The name is adjective;

the initial form is thin;
morphological Permanent Signs: Qualitative, Full;
non-permanent morphological characteristics of the adjective: positive degree of comparison, the only number, female family, the nominative case;
syntactic role: part of the fad.

Blue (what?) - the adjective name;

initial form - blue;
table of permanent morphological signs of the adjective: qualitative;
non-permanent morphological characteristics: complete, positive comparison degree, multiple, nominative case;
syntactic role: definition.

Amazing (what?) Is the adjective name;

the initial form is amazing;
permanent signs of morphology: relative, expressive;
non-permanent morphological attributes: multiple, genitive case;
syntactic role in the sentence: part of the circumstance.

Morphological signs of verb

According to the morphology of the Russian language, the verb is an independent part of speech. It can designate an action (walk), property (chromium), attitude (equal), condition (rejoice), sign (whiten, rolling) object. The verbs answer the question of what to do? what to do? what is he doing? what have you been doing? Or what will happen? Different groups of verbal flowform are inherent inhomogeneous morphological characteristics and grammatical signs.

Morphological forms of verbs:

the initial form of verb is an infinitive. It is also called an indefinite or immutable form of verb. Non-permanent morphological signs are absent;
hidden (personal and impersonal) forms;
unqualified forms: involved and ready.

Morphological analysis of verb

initial form - infinitive;
permanent morphological signs of verb:
- transitivity:
- - transitional (used with noun a vinitive case without an excuse);
  - non-optical (not used with nouns in the vinegenic case without an excuse);
- return:
- - returns (IS IS IT, I);
  - non-refundable (no, oh, he);
- - imperfect (what to do?);
  - perfect (what to do?);
- conjugation:
- - I Hiding (Cause-Eat, Causes, Causes, Causes / UT);
  - II Hiding (STO-IS, STO-IT, STO-im, Stro-Ite, ST-YAT / AT);
  - different surgery verbs (want, run);
non-permanent morphological signs of verb:
- mood:
- - reference: What did you do? What did you do? what is he doing? What will make?;
  - conditional: what would you do? What would you do?;
  - mandatory: Do!;
- time (in the zealing ignition: the past / present / future);
- face (in the present / future time, expressive and imperative challenge: 1 person: I / we, 2 PERSON: you / you, 3 face: he / they);
- rod (last time, the only number, expressive and conditional inclination);
- number;
syntactic role in the proposal. Infinitive can be any member of the sentence:
- to be sure to be today a holiday;
- subject to: to study will always be useful;
- supplement: All guests asked for it to dance;
- determination: he had an insurmountable desire to eat;
- circumstance: I went out to go.

Morphological leasing verb example

To understand the scheme, we will conduct a written writing of the verb morphology on the sentence example:

Raine somehow God sent a piece of cheese ... (Basnya, I. Krylov)

Sent (what did it?) - part of the speech verb;

initial form - send;
permanent morphological signs: perfect view, transitional, 1st lining;
non-permanent morphological characteristic of the verb: the expressive inclination, the last time, the male genus, the only number;

The next online sample of the morphological examination of the verb in the sentence:

What silence, listen.

Listen to (what do you do?) - verb;

the initial form is to listen;
morphological Permanent Signs: Perfect View, Earthless, Return, 1st Hiding;
non-permanent morphological characteristic of the word: imperative inclination, multiple number, 2nd face;
the syntactic role in the sentence: the failed.

The Morphological Plan of the verb online is free, based on an example of an entire paragraph:

It must be warmed.

Do not, let him know another time how to violate the rules.

What rules?

Wait, then I will say. Has entered! ("Golden Trank", I. Ilf)

Warning (what to do?) - verb;

initial form - warning;
morphological signs of verb permanent: perfect species, transitional, non-returnable, 1st lining;
non-permanent morphology part of speech: infinitive;
the syntax function in the sentence: an integral part of the tag.

Let him know (what does it do?) - part of the speech verb;

initial form - know;
non-permanent verb morphology: imperative inclination, singular number, 3rd face;
the syntactic role in the sentence: the failed.

Violate (what to do?) - word verb;

initial form - violate;
permanent morphological features: imperfect, non-returnable, transitional, 1 loss;
non-permanent signs of verb: infinitives (initial form);
syntactic role in the context: part of the fad.

Wait (what do you do?) - part of speech verb;

initial form - wait;
permanent morphological features: perfect species, non-returnable, transitional, 1 lingness;
non-permanent morphological characteristic of the verb: imperative inclination, multiple number, 2nd person;
the syntactic role in the sentence: the failed.

Entered (what did it go?) - verb;

initial form - enter;
permanent morphological signs: perfect species, non-returnable, non-repease, 1 loss;
non-permanent morphological characteristic of the verb: past time, expressing inclination, the only number, male race;
the syntactic role in the sentence: the failed.

Since the word form may vary, that is, a certain point of reference, a form that is considered initial. For each part of speech, the method of determining the initial shape of the word is different. Here, for example, what is the initial form of a noun:

But how to find the initial form of adjectives:

And the initial form of verbs:

In order to have such a form, in Russian, it is necessary that this word would change in their forms after it was inclined according to the rules of the Russian language.

If such changes are observed, then the verb, this form is uncertain and ends on - For example - run.

If we deal with a noun, then the word should be sure to stand in the nominative case and the only number, since it is originally based on its characteristics, inclined it.

As for the adjective, then the main thing is the genus and the word must be able to stand in the form of a male race and in no way differently.

Each variable part of the word has its own initial form, which is determined according to the rules of the Russian language.

At adjectives is a male genus and also the only number;

The verbs are an indefinite word form that answers such uncertain questions as what to do? what to do? .

The pronouns - men's genus and the only number.

Term Initial form Words makes sense only for variable parts of speech, because unhappy parts of speech is only one. Therefore, we find the initial form for nouns, adjectives, verbs, pronouns, communities, numeral, that is, parts of speech in which it is possible to change on cases, childbirth, numbers, times.

For nouns initial form names We consider the nominative case of the only number. For example, when performing a morphological analysis of the word Valley we find its initial shape - a noun valley.

For the verbs, the initial form will be infinitive, uncertain form. For example, if you need to perform a morphological analysis of the word runs, we find his infinitives to flee which answers the question what to do?

For the adjective initial form will be The shape of a male genus and a nominative case, and this also applies to brief adjectives and adjectives in a comparative degree. For example, it is necessary to perform a morphological analysis of the adjective transparent. We put it in full form and get transparent.

Similarly, we do with the communion, at least those are the form of the verb. Example Morphological analysis of the communion open. The initial form is the word opened, male genus and full form.

For numeral initial form There will be a nominative case. For example, for the word eight, this word is eight.

For pronouns initial form This is again the nominative case of a male family, or just a man's race. For example, with a morphological analysis of pronouncement by it, we will highlight the initial shape it.

E each changeable Parts of speech have its own initial form. For example, the noun is the form of a nominal case of a single number, except for those words that are used only in the plural: apple - apple tree, boots - boots, but scales, rakes, trousers, ink, railing.

The adjective initial form is considered the word male genus of the sole number: blue, beautiful, unlocked.

The verbs of the initial form is an uncertain form of verb, or infinitive: ask, distract, bring.

W. changeable The pronouns of the initial form will be the nominative case of the only number of male genus (if there is a genus): My, yours, which.

Proponation what, Takov They do not change according to cases, it means that they have the initial form-male genus of the only number.

Shape words There are only changing words, and for the initial form of the word, it is customary to take exactly the option of the use of the word, which is recorded in the dictionaries.

Forms of the word call options for using the same words that have different values \u200b\u200bof the number and case, time, Persons, etc.

Forms of words are formed using various endings:

W. what parts of speech is the initial form of the word?

Initial form:

name nouns;
impulse name;
numenual name;
pronouns;
verbs.

The initial form of the word is the same form in which the word is given to us in the dictionaries. If the word can change, then it can acquire other forms (by childbirth and numbers). For example: I jump, you jump, we jump, cat, to a cat, about a cat, etc.

The form of the word As is known in Russian, morphology is engaged in morphology, forms are only in changing words and one of the forms is called the initial, initial is the same form in which the word will be given in the dictionaries, the initial forms of different parts of speech are presented below.

To begin with, we will understand what is the word form.

Form of words - This is a word that has several options and they express several grammatical values \u200b\u200b(time, number, face, etc.)

What is the initial form of the word?

Initial shape of the word - This is a word that has the ability to change (name noun, verb, pronoun, the adjective and name is numeral). If you need to find the initial word form, you can find it just in the dictionary.