Offline house: project. Autonomous private house. The best projects of Villa houses in Gurzuf, Crimea

Below you can see which technologies will be used when building a frame house and how it will look after we build it for you.

Example of finishing and filling

Construction technology

Facade of the house

The facade is performed from a natural beautiful good-quality material - imitation of a wide bar 200mm, painted into pleasant colors to choose from special facade paint, preserving wood texture. Window with sposters and other decorative elements are performed in contrasting color. The roof covering of metal tile is easily cleaned by itself from dirt and snow. The facade of the house looks sophisticated and noble.

Living room

Residential rooms are separated by a natural solid material - imitation of a wide bar 200mm and painted in pleasant colors to choose from special paint, saving wood texture. The floors are covered with high-quality laminate and tiles in the kitchen area, hallway and fireplace. The beautiful comfortable staircase is installed. In the living room for even more comfort and comfort, we donate a cluster fireplace with facing as a gift.

Rooms are also separated by imitation of a wide bar 200mm and painted in pleasant colors to choose from a special paint that saves the texture of the tree. Floors are covered with high-quality laminate and tiles. Heating radiators, sockets, switches, chandeliers and lamps are installed. It remains only to arrange furniture.

Foundation

The pile-screw foundation is performed on sites with practically any soils. It can be used on soils with high groundwater levels. This type of foundation is not subject to frosty powder forces, while one of the most faster-free. Also no preliminary alignment of the site.

Wall frames

We will build a wall of a frame house for all building standards and rules, correctly installing vapor barrier films and windproofs to avoid playing the insulation inside the house and the appearance of fungi. Cross insulation 200mm allows you to make a house very warm, without cold bridges. The walls of the wall simulation of a bar 200mm and high-quality painting in pleasant and contrasting colors make the facade durable and gives the house a respectable view that distinguishes your in the background of neighbors.

It is performed according to modern standards with ventilation gaps that prevent the appearance of humidity and fungi in the insulation. The rafters and insulation 200mm are designed for the climate of Moscow, St. Petersburg and similar regions in order to easily withstand snow loads and effectively keep warm inside the house. The coating of high-quality metal tile gives the house is a beautiful modern view. Also, on such a coating, the roof is not delayed dirt and moss is not formed. Roofing for many years retains an attractive appearance.

Example of finishing and filling

Construction technology

Facade of the house

The facade of the house is discharged with high-quality facade panels for a solid stone or brick. Windows and other decorative elements are performed in contrasting. The roof covering of metal tile is easily cleaned by itself from dirt and snow. The facade of the house in the end looks expensive and noble.

Living room

Residential rooms are covered with high-quality wallpaper with painting. The floors are covered with a good laminate and tiled in the kitchen area, hallway and fireplace. The beautiful comfortable staircase is installed. In the living room for even more comfort and comfort, we donate a cluster fireplace with facing as a gift.

Rooms are saved as high quality wallpaper with painting. Floors are covered with a pleasant laminate and tiles. Heating radiators, sockets, switches, chandeliers and lamps are installed. It remains only to arrange furniture.

Bathrooms and toilets are trimmed with high-quality tiles. All communications are summed up - water, light, sewage, heating from a gas or diesel boiler to choose from. Also, the premises are equipped with all the necessary plumbing and furniture (stands, shower or bath, toilet, sink, mixers, etc.) and are fully prepared for operation.

In the houses where the project provides a sauna, we carry out the complete installation and finishing of these premises, including the installation of regiments, decorative backlight, furnaces of the desired power on the basis of the size of the room, filling in natural stones for the sauna and even with a bucket and water bucket.

Many think about the construction of an autonomous house. I want to live away from the rest of the people, in nature, listen to the singing of birds and the buzz of insects, and not the noise of urban streets. For people living in remote rural areas, where communications are not yet connected, an autonomous house may be simply a necessity. Only here to really build such a house is expensive and very difficult, especially in the cold climate of Russia. However, to make an autonomous house with a competent approach, using the currently available technologies and, taking into account Russian realities, it is still possible. So, what is a standalone house?

Autonomous House - This is a house that does not depend on infrastructure, external electrical and gas networks, water supply and sewage systems, etc. The undoubted advantages of the autonomous house are to reduce the cost of maintenance and reducing the degree of environmental impact, which corresponds.

Minimum power consumption

First of all, to build an autonomous house, it is necessary to minimize power consumption.

Electricity consumption can be reduced by:

use of instruments with the energy efficiency class A +, A ++;
(although it is necessary to know that LED lighting has);
use;
heating systems with pumps a +;
septic with ultra-low consumption of electricity and / or;
ventilation systems with heat recovery.

The concept of passive was offered in Germany back in 1988. In accordance with it, the energy efficiency indicator of the house is the loss of thermal energy in kilowatt-hours per square meter per year (kW h / m²). According to the standard, the house is considered passive if its thermal losses below 40 kWh / m² per year, in European countries this indicator is limited to 15 kWh / m² per year. On average, thermal losses of a conventional brick house are 250-350 kWh h / m² per year. The passive house should be very high qualityly insulated. Effective thermal insulation of walls, floors, ceilings, attic, basement and foundation should be provided. Walls should not "breathe", for the creation of a good atmosphere in the house must work forced ventilation. The ventilation system in a passive house should be provided with recovery, but in Russian conditions it is often due to the condense of moisture this system requires too much energy. Therefore, it is necessary to choose energy-efficient equipment for these purposes.

In accordance with the principles of the passive house, the windows must go to the south and are manufactured very large. The requirement of the large size of the windows is not very suitable for Russian climatic conditions. In winter, warmth is more lost through large windows in a cold climate, which comes. When designing the house, it is necessary to find a balance between the maximum use of daylight and the minimum heat loss through the glass. I also wrote about the houses with large windows. You can, of course, use heat shutters, but for their work requires additional energy costs.

Thus, not all the principles of the passive house are rational to use when building an autonomous house in Russia.

In our conditions reasonable to build a house

with superfaced hermetic contour;
minimum of northern windows that better apply usual size, but high-quality ,;
in the northern part of the house, the technical premises are rational;
the ventilation system should provide heat recovery.

Heating and GVS.

Usually energy in the house is needed for heating and cooling rooms, hot water, cooking and cooling food (kitchen stove and refrigerator), lighting, laundry laundry and various other domestic purposes. In the case when all the energy in the house is due to electricity, in moderate or cold climatic conditions, more than 60% of energy is used only for the heating of rooms and hot water supply.

Sources of heating

In Russia, not so little sun. It is quite possible to use water heat collectors to ensure the home of hot water and heating at home, I wrote to them in. It is possible to store heat in a seasonal heat accumulatory tank of a large volume.

You can use conventional wood stoves (since the trees can be grown on their plot, it will provide autonomy).

It is possible to use heat pumps, however, electricity is needed for their work.

Type of heating

Electrical heating is intact, as it leads to a large consumption of electricity. It is best to use a liquid coolant, water with alcohol, for example. It is safe, not released toxic substances, as in the case of using ethylene glycol. And water with alcohol freezes at a lower temperature than just water.

To damn low-temperature coolant (since heated to a high temperature, the coolant in the autonomous house is extra resources), it is necessary to increase the area of \u200b\u200bheat exchange, so it's best to use a warm floor in this case. There is an assumption that the warm floors are harmful to the human immune system, which is better to walk on the cold floor. I did not find research on this topic, but the warm floors, in fact, are not so hot, only 25-27 ° C. In summer, ordinary floors can warm up to such a temperature.

Ensuring electricity

As a source of electricity, again, you can use the sun. However, in the central regions of Russia, additional sources of electricity are needed, for example, a diesel generator or if the power grid is still connected, the network. Solar energy will be able to provide a house with electricity by about 80%. The use of wind energy is also possible, but we do not have very strong winds, especially in winter, therefore a large amount of energy from the wind generator is difficult.

To receive electricity in the evening and at night, when the sun is already the village, it is necessary that the energy management system of the house has the ability to accumulate day solar energy in batteries.

The subtleties and nuances during the construction of the autonomous home are very much - more than when building an ordinary home. Since such a house is obtained expensive, all materials and equipment must be durable and reliable to pay off during further operation.

I also recommend to see a very interesting and useful lecture on the theme of the real autonomous house in Russia Igor Glushchenko.

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Projects of the best, most popular homes.

The directory below presents our best, most popular projects of houses of Russian and foreign architects.

Our advantages:

I give an expert assessment of project documentation for the economic feasibility of applying the latest technologies and materials.
The result is better and cheaper!
We will show you how to get economical effect Over 500 000 rubles On the house with an area of \u200b\u200b150m2.
We refirm working documentation for changed technology.
We are improving the architecture of any project, under your individual wishes, including for projects not from our catalog.
We help to choose the facade materials - we develop 3-D model at home In real finishing materials, samples of materials are presented in the office. ()
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We carry out consulting support for the construction of our customers.
If necessary, we select a construction contracting organization.

House projects can be different, but among them there are those considered the best and most popular. This is brick single and two-story buildings, houses from a bar or logs, frame buildings. The brick houses are durable and reliable, the walls provide warm in winter and cool in the summer. Wooden structure is comfortable and cozy. Their construction is carried out quickly quickly, and the latest technologies allow you to make the house as durable as a brick. But, perhaps, the best can be called individual houses of houses. They take into account all the needs of the customer regarding the storeinations, layout and placement of rooms.

Undoubtedly, the main advantage of country houses and cottages is that they are in a quiet and peaceful territory, away from the city noise and fuss. In fact, the construction of a country house can be called a real creative process, because many owners try to equip their home, as modern, functional and stylish as possible. New projects of houses that are developing in 2018 fully meet the above requirements, while combining beauty, comfort and comfort.

The original project of the house with an attic

At the initial stages, you should choose a suitable place for construction and determine the necessary area for future development. The plot must be medium-sized - not large and not small. Then it is necessary to consider the conditions and the terrain on which the future housing will be erected.

It must be possible, telephonization, as well as a suitable environmentally friendly situation.

Choosing new projects of single-storey houses, consider the cost of the landlocked land. If it is too cheap, it is quite possible that the soil possesses some shortcomings. You can talk to neighbors and find out the necessary information from them in order to further avoid possible problems.

Now finding suitable projects of future housing is not a problem. You can download on the network, but you can order the creation of an individual project from specialists. Finished projects, as a rule, already provide for the availability of communications devices. Accordingly, you will be able to save your time and means, as the creation of individual projects will cost a considerable amount.

Naturally, choosing one or another, it is advisable to take into account the opinions of all family members, since the finished developments possess some nuances. For example, the elderly parents are difficult to climb the second floor, so their bedroom, ideally, should be located downstairs.

New projects of the 2017 cottages, performed on Canadian technology, are heated in the shortest possible time due to the low heat capacity of the walls. This moment will especially make people who in winter prefers to turn off heating, but on the weekend she likes to relax outside the city.

As well as the arrangement of heating and sewage systems in it if it is away from centralized communications, the task is quite complex. However, modern technologies and equipment make it possible to solve it quite effectively.

Draft autonomous house

Before embarking on the construction of a residential building, its drawings should be drawn up with the methods of supplying all necessary communications. Comfortable standalone house will be only if there are:

electricity,
heating,
water pipes,
sewage.

On how all these types of communications can be summed up if the house is located far from centralized engineering systems, and let's talk further.

Power supply

The most difficult thing to make an autonomous home convenient for accommodation in the event that it is located away from the LAM. To ensure stable power supply of the building in three ways:

By installing a liquid fuel generator. The problem of providing electricity building such equipment solves very effectively. By connecting the pump and the boiler to the generator, it is possible to equip the house in the house including water supply. The disadvantages of this method of power supply of a private house can only be considered rather highly cost. Liquid fuel is expensive today, and it will be needed very much. In addition, the generator will have to build a separate room with good sound insulation.
Having installed a wind station. This method is characterized by a high degree of economy. Pay for the receipt of electricity will not have a penny. However, the costs at the initial stage will be very large. After all, it is not enough to install the windmill. You will need more equipment for energy accumulation and conversion to variable.
Collecting mini-hydroelectric station. This method is good if the river or a big stream next to the house flows.
By installing solar panels. In this case, paying electricity will also not have to. However, it will cost such equipment very expensive.

Most often at home in remote areas are electrified using generators. In the event that there are other buildings nearby, the neighbors make sense to thread and put the wind generator, providing electricity at once all at home. Mini HPP and in our country are practically not used.

How to choose a generator for home

Autonomous electricity supply of the building erected in a remote area is usually arranged with the following recommendations:

If the building is located near the LAP, but the power supply is irregular, it is advisable to use a gasoline generator. There are such models usually not too expensive, but they have a somewhat limited resource.
Fully autonomous power supply is usually arranged using a diesel generator. This is a very productive equipment designed for long-term operation.
The power of the generator is determined by the addition of the capacity of all consumers plus the stock is 15-20%. In small country houses, gasoline models of up to 2 kW are commonly used to ensure emergency power supply of electricity. For a residential building, diesel generators in 30 kW and more are often chosen. This equipment can provide a country house of electricity uninterrupted.

Features of gasoline and diesel generators

Gasoline autonomous power plants for home can be designed for 500 or 1500 hours of operation. According to this indicator, diesel models are significantly inferior. The market has both professional equipment of this type designed for 3000 hours. But there are such generators are quite expensive.

Diesel models are reliable and have a long service life. The only inconvenience arising when using them is the need to run on a complete workability every 100 hours. The fact is that the work at idle this type of equipment tolerates is not particularly good.

Windmills

In the design of autonomous stations of this type, such elements are usually included:

How to choose

The efficiency of the wind generator depends on the two main factors: wind speed and blade area. For example, with 1 m 2 of the receiving device at the speed of movement of air masses in 3 m / s, about 6.5 W of energy can be obtained, at 21 m / s - 2.2 kW. For a small country house, it usually choose the setting of no more than 0.1-2 kW. For a residential building, equipment will need not less than 20 kW, when using an electric boiler. Offline house, the project of which provides gas heating, solid fuel or liquid, is usually electrified from a wind generator with a capacity of 5 kW. Such equipment will be quite enough for the smooth operation of the main household appliances - the refrigerator, television, computer, washing machine, etc.

Autonomous gasification

In order to accommodate outside the city, it was comfortable, of course, it is necessary not only to provide an autonomous house of electricity supply. The building must also be gasified. If it is enough to buy a balloon for the stove and refuel it every 3 months, then for the arrangement of the heating system will have to acquire much more complex equipment.

Large tanks are called, using the autonomous gas heating of the house, Gazgolders is equipped. They are usually filled with a mixture of propane with butane and are designed for pressure to 1.6 MPa. Dimensions such containers may have different - from 2700 to 20,000 m 3. For a private house in 200 m 3 3, the use of the minimum volume of the minimum volume will be quite sufficient.

Connection design

It is impossible to install this equipment yourself. You need to contact a private or regional gas company. In the first case, the cost of work will be slightly higher. The fact is that the autonomous gasification of the house is possible only after receiving a different kind of permission. Private firms usually take care of the collection of all necessary documentation. When dealing with the regional company, to go on instances will have to be independently.

Under the gas gunner digs the pit of the corresponding sizes. A tank is installed on a metal base. A trench is dried to the house and the highway is carried out. Before starting equipment in the presence of representatives of Rostechnadzor, test activities are performed.

Heating

Heating autonomous country house can in different ways. Usually the installation of a residential building heating system in the absence of centralized engineering systems includes the following steps:

Installing boiler. At the moment, both electrical and gas are produced, as well as solid fuel and liquid-fuel varieties of this equipment. The first option is chosen in the presence of a sound power of sufficient power. A gas boiler is connected to the reservoir with propane and butane, respectively. In all other cases, solid fuel or first species are more economical. The equipment operating on liquid fuel is more convenient in operation.
Mounting highways. Currently, autonomous home heating is usually arranged using polypropylene, steel or metal-plastic pipes.
Installation and connection of batteries. The most popular species at the moment are bimetallic radiators. Also, some cheaper and less durable aluminum models are also used.
Installing the expansion tank. Depending on the design, it is placed either next to the boiler, or in the attic of the building.
Installation of the circulation pump. It is put on the bypass on the inverse tube in the immediate vicinity of the boiler. The pump is placed a filter to clean the coolant.
Installation of a security group.
Pressing and start.

Today, the autonomous house, located far from centralized engineering systems, is most often heated using liquid fuel boilers. However, since this type of equipment is sufficiently costly, gas installations running from tanks, as well as electrical models that function from large wind turbines, are in recently gaining increasing popularity.

Water pipes

At the moment, only two types of heating boilers are produced - single-circuit and dual-circuit. For a house located in a remote area, the most appropriate will be the second option. When using a double-circuit boiler in the house, you can arrange not only heating, but also a full-fledged water supply.

Usually trust specializing in this company. The cost of their services depends on the depth of the occurrence on the groundwater site. For savings it is worth pre-ordering on the territory of geodesic surveys. To the house, the plumbing pipe is supplied according to the trench of a depth no higher than the level of primerization of the soil. The internal layout is performed according to the project with the connection of the highway under hot water to the boiler.

Autonomous wastewater removal system

If the LPP and even gas highways are available in almost any village, then the sewage is most residents of remote settlements and does not dream. With the need for a device such as autonomous sewage in a private house, almost all country real estate owners are facing. Assembly it is done like this:

Mounted central riser. In a single-storey building, its installation is not required, but desirable.
At a distance of at least 5 and no more than 15 meters from the house, the pit is digging and septic tank.
From him to the building, the highway is swept below the level of soil freezing. The trench must have a slope of at least 3 cm on the trafficphone meter.
Most often, autonomous sewerage in a private house is assembled using polyethylene, polypropylene or metal-plastic pipes. Before their laying, the bottom of the trench is paved with rubble. Pulling the pipes first sand and then the earth. The knee of the sewer system is allowed to be armed only under a stupid angle.
The wiring inside the house is carried out in compliance with the standards of SNiP. Do not have a toilet over the kitchen or residential premises. The distance between sanitary devices should not be less than 25 cm. The toilet is located in close proximity to the riser. The further it will be installed, the bigger there is a probability of blockage. Washing and dishwashers are connected to a sun bed through flexible pipes. Siphons are installed under the bath and sink.

Finished standalone house: Price

Today, if desired, you can not only order a project equipped with all the necessary communication communications. Some construction companies sell and have completely ready-made country offline houses. Most often these are broken or modular frame-shield structures. There are such houses quite expensive. Depending on the types of equipment and the size of the building itself, the price may vary within 1-3 million rubles and higher.