The draft floor is one of the main components of the floor design as a whole, on top of which, after carrying out the necessary additional preceding activities, the finishing finish selected by the owner of housing is stacked. This design may have a different structure and run from various materials.

Regardless of the selected design, the draft floor will consist of several main layers, the information about which is shown in the following table.

Table. Structure of roughing

Layer	Description and Functions
Locking layer	Provides a uniform distribution of loads created by the design elements above. It is the lowest layer of "Pie". Traditionally, it is a slab of the overlap or appropriately prepared soil.
Leveling layer	The functions are clear from the name and are reduced to the leveling of the irregularities of the previous layer. If necessary, at the stage of arrangement of the leveling layer, the required slope of the surface is set. For the arrangement, frights from sand and crushed stone are traditionally used, as well as a concrete screed.
Intermediate layer	The functions of a kind of interlayer connecting the lower and the above-mentioned layers of draft floor.
zoaling layer	It consists of moisture, heat and sound insulation materials. Features of the choice and arrangement are determined by the level of future functional load on the structure.

You will spend significantly less time and strength on the arrangement of such a design, rather than filling the screed. In addition, laying of wooden supports does not require water use, which eliminates the likelihood of an increase in air humidity in the placed room and makes it possible to in parallel to engage in other planned finishing events. Directly the lags are stacked on the beams, a concrete base or other supports that will be mentioned in the future.

In this case, the support functions for flooring from boards, plywood or OSB plates takes on the construction of longitudinal lag. The latter can be mounted on the support columns or beams, as well as on the mortgage crown. If necessary, lagows can be attached even to a concrete base. The specific option is selected in accordance with the features of the structured structure.

If the room has an impressive area, alone fastening lag ends to beams will not be enough to ensure the required strength of the structure. In this case, the support columns are mounted between the walls to maintain the lag. The distance between the additional supports is determined mainly by the cross section of the mounted elements. In most cases, it is enough to make columns in up to 0.8 m. Otherwise, focus on the features of your situation.

Directly columns are made from concrete or brick. In this moment, also follow your preferences.

Operating procedure

The sequence of the arrangement of the draft floor by lags is as follows:

• horizontal surface markup is performed. Having determined the required level of floor installation, across the place of the future installation of lags are stretched with laces, a fishing line or a dense thread - such a markup will allow you to navigate in the process of arranging the lag and place them at one level. If you wish, you can not do this, but then you will have to check the horizontal support of the supports at each stage of work, spending more time to correct inaccuracies;
• the surface is covered with waterproofing material, for example, a polyethylene film with a thickness of 200 microns. Such a layer will protect wooden logs from moisture from concrete, soil and other sources;
• the optimal step of the installation of the lag is determined. To do this, you need to know the estimated level of load on the future design. In residential premises, it is recommended to adhere to the 35-45-centimeter of the one step. If the base can not boast of perfect evenness, the lags will have to be attached to the previously equipped lining. As such, pieces of plywood are most often used;
• based on the holes for the placement of the dowels. Next is driven directly dowels. Finally, it will be necessary to simply fasten the lags to the base with the help of self-tapping screws.

If necessary, the space between lags is filled with insulation. From the backfill most often use clamzit, from "monolithic" materials - mineral wool insulation. When choosing a specific option, consider the climatic features of your region and focus on the available budget.

The flooring can be equipped from plywood, chipboard, OSB or wooden board. The task is extremely simple: the elements of the draft flooring are laid perpendicular to the lags and nail to them.

A very effective option, rapidly gaining popularity among domestic developers. To perform work, plastic screw racks are used, characterized by high rates of reliability and service life.

Such a technology allows you to quickly equip the draft floor, which will not be furious in the future. At the same time, you do not have to spend time on determining the desired lining thickness from plywood and their arrangement - the vertical of the legs easily adjusts to the required level. After editing, the lags will not touch the base, which is also an additional advantage.

Procedure Next:

• in places of planned installation of screw racks (necessarily at the edges and length of the product with a middle step in 0.5-0.8 m), the holes are prepared in the lags;
• lag is stacked in the right place, ranging from one of the walls. Between the wall and the support you need to leave a 1-centimeter clearance;
• the support is attached to the base, starting with extreme screw racks. Such a rack has a hollow structure. For fixing, the Contractor sufficiently drill in it a hole of a depth of about 4.5 cm, drive a dowel there, and then score a nail or screw the screws.

At the end of the rack are tied up in terms of level, and the work continues in accordance with the scheme of the draft floor on the standard lags discussed earlier.

Adjustable draft plywood floors

A fairly efficient and interesting variant of the draft floor is the plywood base installed using special sleeves equipped with internal threads. The bushings are invested in the pre-created holes in the plywood. For one sheet of standard size, as a rule, 16 holes are enough. As a result, plywood will be as if standing on the legs. At the same time, this base is characterized by impressive indicators of resistance - 1 m2 of the draft floor withstands the load of about 5000 kg.

Dry screed allows you to level all available base defects. At the same time, the installation of such a draft floor can be performed at any desired season.

Black floor team with dry tie. 1. Reinforced concrete slab overlap; 2. Wooden lag; 3. Floor flooring from chipboard, OSB or plywood; 4. Parosolation (PVC film); 5. Sand Ceramzite; 6. Hypus fiber leaf Knauf or superplate element. 7. Elastic gasket

Procedure Next:

• the base is covered by a layer of vapor insulation on the material fixed with the adhesive tape. Parosolation make it with the flax on the walls corresponding to the planned altitude of the future screed;
• between the guides, the composition selected for the arrangement of a dry screed is falling asleep. If the foundation has large differences, it makes sense to pre-put on the surface of the Rush Lighthouses in the level - it will guarantee the correctness and accuracy of the performance. In addition, the presence of such lighthouses will significantly simplify the further fastening of the flooring. The thickness of the layer of frustration is chosen taking into account the characteristics of a particular situation. On average it is 30-50 mm;
• failure rolls up at the level using a long rule or rack;
• flooring flooring is placed on top of the backbone and fastens with the help of self-tapping and adhesive. For the arrangement of the flooring traditionally uses of plasterboard sheets, chipboard, plywood sheets with moisture-resistant properties, etc.

Floors for reinforced concrete ceilings with a team of gypsum-fiber sheets for residential and public buildings (KNAUF)

Important black flooring nuances in a wooden house

In wooden houses, the draft floor is most often equipped with a soil (otherwise you can use the appropriate option from the above-mentioned list). The requirements for the place of work are as follows:

• the room should be dry and well ventilated. For this, the construction of the foundation is complemented by air duct holes. If in the basement of the raw ground, on top of it you need to equip the waterproofing layer. Traditionally, clay is used for this - it is enough to fill the surface with the material and thoroughly draw it, sprinkled with sand;
• the base should be waterproof. When working with the foundation most often applies runneroid. If you wish, you can use another material with a similar purpose.

Before starting work, treat all used wooden elements with a special antiseptic agent. The impregnation is recommended to apply a double layer, withstanding the 5-hour interval. Do not forget to wear personal protective equipment: gloves, respirator and glasses.

Black floor boards can be laid in accordance with one of the following ways:

• on top of the pre-installed n-shaped beams. In this case, the flooring elements are stacked in the supports of the supports;
• over T-shaped beams. The boards are stacked on the supports of the supports;
• on rough bars. The easiest to use, and on the most popular option. It is quite simple to navigate the bars to the edges of the beams and lay the boards on top of them.

If the work is carried out in a non-residential room, if you wish, you can replace the boards with hill and save.

It remains only to lay the layers of hydraulic, heat and vapor barrier on the material. After that, depending on the preferences of the owner, it is performed either the arrangement of the first flooring, or the screed is poured.

Parosolation is attached on top of the lag

You got acquainted with the sequence of the image of the roughing floor in accordance with the most common and and preferred and methods. Choose the option that is most suitable for your case, and everything will definitely.

Good job!

Video - Barface Device

Basic flooring is a rather time-consuming operation, but it is absolutely necessary. The bottom overlap device of the house serves its basis and is associated with the foundation. The draft floor serves as an intermediate link between the foundation and finishing finish, while performing a number of specific functions.

1. Black floor as a house design element

After the foundation, the foundation is primarily the installation of the lower overlap of the house. It can carry out further work on the installation of walls. This is especially true for the construction of a frame house on frame-framework technology, and laying bricks, wall blocks from the inside requires a solid base under their feet. In addition, the lower overlap performs a number of functions, being a necessary element of the building.

Black floor:

1. Carries out the distribution of all loads on the lower overlap, such as the weight of the bearing walls and partitions, all people, furniture, household devices and appliances
2. Serves as the basis for work on the assembly of the frame and the construction of walls
3. Is the basis for pure floor
4. Is a component of the general shell of the house, protecting it primarily from low temperatures

It is obvious that all the listed functions of the draft floor impose special requirements for its installation, such as strength, surface smoothness, resistance to the effects of the atmosphere.

2. Types of floors

The main reason for the installation of various roughing structures is the difference in the type of design of the houses themselves. The house can be stone, block, built of logs or a thick bar, frame. Under various types of houses, various types of foundations may be laid:

• Slab
• Tape
• Columnar
• Wine screw

The blocking of the foundation and its binding can also be somewhat different. However, there are some common features and features of the device of draft floors for all types of structures. In many cases, the base for roughing is the bars of strapping, which receive and transmitting all loads from the floor directly to the foundation.

In accordance with its functions, rough floors are several layers responsible for each of them:

1. Floor base is either soil or overlap elements
2. The underlying layer is a layer of gravel, sand, slag, ceramzit, etc.
3. Round base (screed) - monolithic leveling layer
4. Layer of hydro and thermal insulation
5. Floor coating itself

Black floors are divided into three main types:

• By lagas
• In the beams
• On soil

The difference in the types of roughing is consisting in the method of its laying, which is already visible from the name.

3. Preparation for the installation of rough floors

If the foundation of the house does not provide for the basement, the basis of the styling of the draft floor is the ground. It must be prepared accordingly for the draft floor.

The grass is removed, various construction garbage and vegetable ground. Important moment: It is necessary to dry as far as possible clay and thin soils, so they can contain a lot of moisture. It is also impossible to use soils with an admixture of snow and ice.

Then the playground is thoroughly aligned. If there is a need, in the pits you can join the soil. After the submission of the soil, it is distributed to a smooth layer and tamper by manual or mechanical traam.

4. Laying the draft floor by lags

The flooring device for lagas is a fairly popular way.

In this case, a wooden frame is made, which is placed on the strapping bar or other specially made supports. The lags themselves are a timber or a thick board, sometimes put on the edge.

In this case, the floor height must be insignificant - so that the hazard does not arise the failure of the failure at a large depth. The distance from the floor to the lag should not be more than 25-30 cm.

With a significant width of the lagows, the lags will have a big length, and they are not enough to be laid only on the beam of the external strapping. For lags, in this case, additional supports are put. Methods of device support for lags are several.

Concreting the base and laying on it with a thick board, serving the crate for installing the lag. This method is especially well suited for a low base over the soil. If the distance under the floor is a large 15-20 cm and the floor is not concreted, the columns are installed under the bottom of the bottom of the crate, with a step of about 80 cm. Installation of columns can be made in this way:

1. Sprinkle holes, a little wider cross section of columns (35-40 cm)
2. Concreted so that the upper base is a little over the soil.
3. A brick columns are laid out.

It is usually enough to lay down to post the columns in two bricks in two layers perpendicular to one other. You can completely make columns from concrete, but then you will need to build a high formwork.

The height of all columns should be removed in one plane. This is controlled already when bookmarking foundations. If necessary, the height of the columns is corrected by various substrates: wooden gaskets are installed between the surface of the boards and lags, the dimensions of which are about 20-25 cm in length, 10-15 cm wide, and the thickness is about 3 cm. They adjust the horizontal of the lag plane. For thin adjustment, thin sheets of plywood are usually used.

On top of the columns, it is necessary to lay a layer of waterproofing, for example, from the rubberoid.

The distance between the lags should not exceed 0.5 m. At the walls it is necessary to leave a small gap with regard to wood deformation.

On top of the lag for the cleaning floor device, you can fix stoves from durable material - OSP or thick plywood. It is recommended to do this "rotary", that is, the subsequent layer of plywood or osp is slightly shifted relative to the previous one.

If necessary, the cavity between lags can be filled with insulation. It can be a clayzite or mineral wool - depending on the degree of the necessary insulation of the house.

5. Paul on adjustable lags

Recently, it acquires a way to install the lag on adjustable stands. These are plastic screw supports, strong enough and lungs. They are equipped with a square-section stand, which is placed on a rigid base and a screw with an adjustable height. With their use, it is possible to quickly equip the draft floor enough, moreover, it will not touch the base, will be well ventilated, and therefore disappears the need for waterproofing.

The installation order of such lag is the following:

1. In the boards of lag drill holes - with a step 50-80cm
2. Laga is installed in the right place
3. Support attached to the base
4. Racks are adjusted at the required level

6. Basic flooring on beams

The next method of laying the draft floor is to install it on the beams. Here the main structural element is a wooden beam. It is performed from a rectangular bar. To determine the cross section of the bar, all load characteristics are taken into account on the basis of the first floor premises. So as not to use a heavy thick bar with a physically hard to work, you can use dual boards or boards installed on the edge. A good option will be the use of dyed logs.

The load on the beams is calculated from a number of parameters that we mentioned above. It is believed that the total load from the weight of people of furniture, fittings, and so on. It can be about 400kg per 1 m2 floor area.

Sleep length, m	Installation step, m
	0.6 M.	1.0 M.
3	75x200mm	100x175mm
4	100x200mm.	125x200mm
5	125x200mm	150x225mm
6	150x225mm	175x200mm
7	150x300mm	200х275mm

The installation of beams is made in parallel to each other. With the width of the room more than 6 meters under the beams, additional supports must be installed. It can be the columns, the installation of which was described above.

The beam mount is made directly to the walls. A hole corresponding to the sequence of beam is cut in the wall, and the beam is laid in it with its end. For isolation from external influences, this hole is laid pacles. The depth of the installation of beams in the wall depends on the cross section of the beams. The thinner of the beams, the deeper they must enter the holes (up to 100-150mm).

Often the transverse beams for roughing are elements of the bottom strapping of the foundation.

7. Floor laying on the soil

In many cases, especially if the height of the floor is small, it is laid in the way "soil". In this case, it does not have to spend a lot of expensive lumber.

Consider this method in detail. It consists of several stages:

1. Alignment of the base
2. Locking layer of sand 10-15 cm with humidity 7-10%
3. Sand seal
4. Running rubble and gravel with a thickness of 8-20 cm with humidity 5-7%
5. Laying of global-chicken or globitating-gravel layer thick of about 10 cm
6. Seal of this layer and the appearance of moisture on the surface
7. Pouring concrete mixture

As a result, after hardening, we will get a flat solid surface, which can be immediately treated with the finishing floor. The layers of the draft floor for better mounting and monolithic screed reinforced, as a rule, the reinforcement grid. The thermal insulation of such a floor is convenient to carry out polystyrene plates.

8. Device of screed

The top layer of the draft floor is called a screed. Screeds are made of cement-sand solutions. The main purpose of the screed is to create a perfectly smooth surface for laying a clean floor. To remove the plane, the so-called lighthouses are installed. This is usually a rail with a selected plane of the thickness. The mixture is applied to the floor and accelerates to the height of the plates.

Places of adjoining a screed to walls and partitions should be laid by waterproofing. The surface in the process of laying is continuously aligned, as the concrete has the property to settle.

Work on the creation of screeds must be carried out in the warm season, with the optimal air temperature not lower than 15 degrees. On top of the main screed, it is recommended to apply a self-leveling layer (the thickness of it is about 5-10mm) by the bulk method. For this, there is a lot of varied mixtures.

The final stage of the screed device is its primer and waterproofing. The surface before applying primer compositions is clean and ground without skipping.

9. Conclusion

The device of draft floors is a rather laborious process that requires compliance with all technologies, accuracy and known skill. In the simplest cases, it can be held with its own hands, but it is better to turn to professionals - from the floor of the floor in many ways the constructive strength of the building, the flattering of the surface and the suitability of it for the finish finish, as well as sufficient insulation and waterproofing of the whole house.

Specialists of the company "K-House" are ready to perform work on the flooring of the floors, both draft and chisty, in compliance with all requirements. Works can be performed both separately and as part of the construction of a turnkey cottage.

Later on the first base, in between lags, insulated material are placed. Only after that make the upper flooring from the boards. If you figure it out, this process is not particularly difficult.

However, to make a draft floor personally, it will be necessary to get acquainted in more detail with the methodology of its installation, familiar with the description of each stage.

Lagi

An individual bonus can be considered the next fact. A competently performed draft base can significantly increase the service life of the final decorative flooring. For this reason, it is very desirable for this technology. The usual and simple procedures are quite possible to carry out their own hands. Compared to analogs, for example, the filling of the floor, the recommended design will have a much smaller cost.

Does the black floor have any shortcomings from the tree?

They are a bit, but they are:

• Do not use the double wooden flooring device in rooms, where high humidity is assumed.
• This design is not only durable, but also quite rigid. For this reason, it can be quite bad to extinguish various shock noises.

A detailed description in the article of various will help the novice master to collect the houses of the draft floor independently. Guided by the above, you can get a clear idea of \u200b\u200bthe sequence and correctness of the necessary construction activities.

The drafts of the builders call the base, on top of which laying the finishing floor coating. If we are talking about concrete floors, under the arrangement of roughing gear, the installation of a dry or wet screed for aligning the surface is implied. In wooden structures, this term, experts denote the lower part of the bunk overlap.

Mount the draft floor in a wooden house with their own hands will not be much difficulty in the presence of skill work on the installation of wooden structures. Overlapping in a wooden house make two-layer to be able to lay the heat insulating material.

Insulated floors in a wooden house on the first floor - this is an opportunity:

• reduce heat loss at home, due to which heating costs in the cold season are reduced;
• exclude purging through the slots in the floor (drafts not only create discomfort, but also dangerous to health).

The double floor with thermal insulation material in the middle of the design is mounted and as the overlap between the first floor and the attic (or the second floor, residential attic). The insulation does not give warmth to evaporate through the roof and at the same time serves as a soundproofer if the upper room is used as a residential room or workshop.

The design of the black floor of the first floor

The system consists of the following elements:

1. Lags.
2. Card bars. The support for the board is the floor, fade along the lower edge of the lag.
3. Basket flooring. It is made of boards or sheet wood.
4. Waterproofing layer. Protects from moisture insulator.
5. Insulation. Mounted between lags.
6. Vapor insulation layer. Prevents moisture penetration into the insulation.
7. Counterchain. Cuts on lags or beams longitudinally to create a ventilation gap - it warns the upper flooring.
8. Flooring. Mounted from outcutaneous boards or sheet material, on top of it you can lay the finish coating.

Before making a draft floor in a wooden house, you should ensure the ventilation of the space under the future lower floor. To do this, the base must be produced. If they are not, you will have to drill large holes in the corners of the base of the building.

Ventilation will save wood from which the overlap is performed, from damage to the fungus. Production is tightened with a mesh so that the rodents do not penetrate the floor. If during the winter period, the drifts outlines higher produces, from the underground space, the ventilation tube should be displayed, the upper cut of which should be protected by an umbrella from the penetration of precipitation.

Another important design preservation condition is high-quality timber processing composition for flamesoroids. Processing is performed after the timber, the board or other element is fitted in size. This allows you to protect the ends of each item and prevent the appearance of the foci of posting. Processing is carried out in two navigation to dry the first layer of composition.

Also, the antiseptic should be treated with the lower part of the wooden walls of the structure from the inside - all the designs that hobbied the styled floor.

Installation Lag.

Lags - carrying structural elements. They are installed in a step of 400-600 mm - this parameter depends on the calculated loads and the cross section of the element. The lag uses a timing of 100x150 mm (with low loads), 150x150 mm (with medium loads), 150x200 mm (at high loads).

If you have to use a small secting bar at high loads (either the 50x150 mm board, put on the edge), the lag installation step is reduced to 300-400 mm.

The optimal option is the laying of the ends of the lag on the basement or woodlock. But for this, the width of the free part of the foundation base should be at least 120 mm. The strapping is performed - the lights of a small thickness are stacked on the free part of the scarlet or base over the waterproofing layer so that wood does not in contact with the capillary moisture rising by porous concrete.

The ends of the lag are fixed on the strapping boards using the corners mounted on both sides of the bar. Lags can not be fastened to hard, as the tree changes its geometric dimensions when the temperature changes and humidity changes. Between the end of the lags and the wall, the gap of 20-30 mm should remain for such an extension. This gap is usually filled with elastic insulation, for example, mineral wool.

If the width of the free part of the foundation base is less than 100 mm, the lags are cut into the wall of the house. At the end of each element, deepen on the missing centimeters, taking into account 20 mm on the expansion of wood.

From deep insert, it is desirable to refuse not to weaken the walls. In this case, there are support-supports next to the foundation so that the main load, which falls on the ends of the lag.

Lags need a reliable support in the middle part, if the run length exceeds 2-2.5 m. As a support, columns are made of bricks. To reduce the number of columns, a thick beam is stacked on brick supports, on which all lags will rely on. The overall height of the supporting structure (column + beam) should accurately correspond to the height of the foundation with the laid strapping from the board.

Under each transverse beam you need to install at least three brick columns to create a reliable support. The columns are located on the same line, under each prepare the veils of a depth of 400 mm and a cross section of 200х200 mm. At the bottom, the layer of gravel is 100 mm and tram, then the sand layer is 100 mm and the same trambed.

The prepared "pillow" is established on small supports the reinforcement grid in the form of a square 150x150 mm, the concrete mixture is poured. After the concrete gains strength, the foundation obtained is hydroizing the rubberoid and build a column of bricks bonded by a solution. Before laying the transverse timber or lag (if the columns are mounted under lags), the column is placed in a layer of waterproofing material.

Barface device in a wooden house

Properly installed lags form a horizontal plane - performing, control using the accuracy of the installation of each element using the level.

To the lower part of the lag fasten the cranial bars with a cross section of 40x40 mm or 50x50 mm. If you can dissolve the boards, it is cheaper to buy boards with a cross section of 40x150 mm and get from each three suitable bar from each. They are attached nails and form protrusions for the flooring.

Black floors are lower flooring, which is stacked over the cranial bars. For its installation, moisture-resistant faeer or OSB plates are used, but a small width boards are used more often. They are cut into the size so that the elements fit the solid layer without gaps. Bashed this flooring should not.

Installation of the draft floor in a wooden house provides styling of a waterproofing rolled material. A special membrane or dense polyethylene film is used. The material must curl all the laugs, the joints of the cloth are punctured by the reinforced tape, having flushed with a width of at least 120 mm. The edges of the material must enter the walls - the excess is subsequently cut off.

The next stage is the laying of thermal insulation between lags. Choosing how to insulate your home, pay attention to the operational parameters of slab or roll materials. Popularly enjoy mineralvate insulation and stoves from foamed polymer. If the thickness of the thermal insulator exceeds the height of the lag, the bars of the suitable thickness are stuffed.

Mineral wool plates are cut with a margin in width and a length of a couple of centimeters and are installed in space. Hard stoves made of foam or polyurethane foam cut into size, joints are sealed with mounting foam.

If a mineral watel insulation is selected, a vapor barrier is mounted. It does not give moisture to accumulate in a fibrous thermal insulator, as this dramatically reduces insulation efficiency.

It is important to ensure the tightness of the vapor barrier around the perimeter and on the joints of the canvas. Material (dense polyethylene film or a special membrane) steppeler is attached to lags. Its edges can be copped with the wrapped edges of the waterproofing material with the help of reinforced tape. The joints of the cavities laid with the overlap 100-150 mm schotech the joints.

Laying the draft floor continues by installation of lagum counterparts. They are needed to create a ventilation gap under the top flooring. This will reduce the risk of fungus.

The upper flooring of the wooden floor is mounted from high-quality boards or sheet material - plywood, wood slabs. The mount is performed on the self-tapping screw, because nails over time are loosened and get out, the dumping base begins to creak.

After mounting flooring the draft floor is considered ready.

Conclusion

Step-by-step instructions helps to figure out how to make a draft floor in a wooden house. Ideally, this issue is being worked out at the stage of preparation of the draft structure. For example, the support beams passing through two adjacent rooms and the inner partition are designing in advance.

Working out the project of the foundation foundation is to provide for the optimal width of the frame, taking into account the width of the building structures, so that in the future it did not have to embed the lags into the wall.

Competently mounted black floor will give home comfort and heat, increase the heat efficiency at home and will help save on its operation.

When creating a project and the subsequent construction of a private house, the question of what is needed a draft floor, it seems secondary. But to ask him and projectors, and the builders still follow. And evaluate whether it is worth spending on it, and in what way.

What is a draft floor?

The simplest definition of the draft floor can be formulated like this: this is the basis for which the flooring is placed - from the laminate to the parquet and linoleum. The main purpose of such a draft floor is to align the surface so that the coating does not repeat the irregularities and looked perfectly smooth. Usually such alignment is required for floors in the apartments of multi-storey houses.

But the base of the insulated floor is also called the rough floor, it is warmed, but not heated. Such a base is also called hill. It is created in order for in private houses, especially on the lower floors, the floor in which the heating system is not used was naturally warm. Such insulated floor will help save about 20 percent of heat.

It makes sense to consider both subspecies of the draft floor.

The draft floor is stacked on supports. Lags can fit on the screed. But first you need to put the waterproofing layer. There is a heater between lags, he must be the same with beams. One of the most contemporary heaters for the floor is an eco-friendly or mineral wool, or another insulation. Also, foam, polystyrene or clamzite can be used as the insulation layer. Wooden elements are treated with antiseptic, so that the draft floor does not spin insect pests and fungus. Also, a very important factor is the vintage of the draft floor, therefore the boards are not nourished to the floor, so they can minimally deform under the action of moisture from the basement, but it does not suffer from this.

Parosolation is stacked on the insulation. If the material is used in the folgisolone, which is stacked by a foil layer up, then such a technology helps to hold heat.

The finishing floor is stacked on top of the insulation, but be sure to keep the gap between the insulation and the flooring of at least one or two centimeters.

The technology of arrangement of insulated draft floor with all apparent simplicity requires knowledge of technologies and practical experience. In addition, it is professionals in this industry will be able to determine for a specific project, for which the draft floor is needed, namely insulated, and whether he needed at all. It is believed that in the houses built in the warmth climate, without it, it is possible and can do, but where the temperature, especially in winter, is low, it will be necessary.

Aligning rough floor.

It is no secret that new buildings usually pass only with a rough screed on the floor and after buying an apartment of the owners think about how to make the floor to be as smooth as possible. Approximately the same arrange with the ceilings, making them tension. But leveling and top, and the bottom in the room, pay attention to how much the centimeters will be "stolen" from its height. If ultimately height approaches two and a half meters, this is the critical border.

As in the case of the insulated floor, everything starts with the lag, and the boards or plywood are already stacked on them, as well as DVP or DSP about thirty millimeters thick.

Sometimes in the apartment during repair or redevelopment you have to transfer communication. Such actions are also performed using a rough floor. Pipes or wiring are located between the first and rough floors. Again, you should consider the height of the room to even more not to reduce it.

Any coating on the smooth floor will look great, at the same time even the most expensive coating will not hide irregularities, the furniture that will stand on the floor curve, over time will be deformed, and and walk on this floor completely uncomfortable.

Cost of rough floor.

The total cost of the black floor will be calculated, based on the cost of the material, the work will cost exactly the same. Therefore, the more expensive materials for the draft floor, the more expensive work, which means the total cost of the black floor. Of course, there will be a value and purpose - alignment or insulation - depending on this uses different materials and different technologies. Prices may vary from 120 to 1000 and higher rubles per square meter.

Based on the foregoing, discuss in detail with the designers, builders, masters, for which it is necessary for a draft floor and whether it is needed in your particular case. If professionals believe that it is not necessary to do without it - listen, and if they say that the draft floor will be an excess "weighing" budget, refuse.