Message The most important features of the cities of KHMAO. The main thing about the region

In written sources, Khanty-Mansiysk is first mentioned as the town of Prince Samara in the Chronicles of Siberian Brief Kungurskaya (1583). At the end of the 1620s - early 1630s, Yamchichsky Samarovsky was founded (the future of Samarovo village, now the Khanty-Mansiysk district where the river port and the pier).

In 1675, Nikolai Gavrilovich Spafaria Mescuke (the Moscow Satellite, who went with the Embassy to China), became the first of the travelers who visited Samarovo.

In 1708, Samarovo became part of the Siberian province.

On July 2, 1740, Professor Lill and his satellite Königsfeld established the observatory at Samarovskaya Mountain and made a number of observations.

In 1748, the first census of the Yam's population of Russia was conducted. According to its results, 487 yamchikov lived in Samarovo. In the administrative language, Samarovo was called Samarovsky, Socialist Siberian province of the Tobolsk province, in Tobolsky discrete on the eastern shore of Irtysh.

In 1808-1816, the stone church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Mother of God was built in Samarovo.

In 1935, Samarovo village united with the new administrative center of Ostyako-Vogulsky, the capital of the Ostiako-Vogulsky National District.

Culture and art

In Khanty-Mansiysk, the only Park of Slavic writing and culture in Russia and the world, the Park of Victory with the heroev Avenue, Boris Losev, Natural Park "Samarovsky Chugas", 6 publicly available libraries with a book fund of about 300 thousand copies, 5 state museums (among them the oldest The Museum of the District - the Museum of Nature and Man, the open-air museum "Torum Maa") and the art gallery of the Generations Foundation with 352 thousand exhibits), a concert and theater center with a room at 1360 places, a cinema for 200 seats and a film center for 40 seats, two municipal cynosoidcenter club facilities (KDC and Orphea for 120 seats), 3 Theater (Commary-Ugric peoples, theater dolls and "Ugra-Classic"), center of culture and folk remakes, center of art for gifted children of the north with two concert halls by 800 and 120 seats, cultural and leisure center for students at 67 seats, entertainment centers "Territory of the first" with a bowling center at 75 seats.

One of the attractions of Khanty-Mansiysk became the "Archaeopark", located along bypass street at the foot of the Samarovsky Stay.

Since 2003, at the end of winter, the tradition of tradition is adopted by the International Festival of Cinematographic Debuts "Spirit of Fire". The president and ideological inspirer of the festival is the film director Sergey Soloviev

Newspapers "News of Ugra" (in Russian), "Xӑnti Yasӑӈ" (on Khantytsky) and "Lӯimā Saȳpripos" in Mansiysk, "Samarovo-Khanty-Mansiysk", "My city without censorship", AIF-Ugra, city. Imm , Yugorsky Express.

Khanty-Mansiysk is the Diocesan Center of the Khanty-Mansiysk and Surgut Diocese. There are three temples: the Znamensky Church, the Temple of the Resurrection of Christ, the Church of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary. According to the site of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation at the addresses of finding all three temples, three different religious organizations are registered.

Economy

In the city more than 1800 organizations and enterprises. The largest: Gazpromneft-Hantos LLC, OJSC KhantymansiSkgeofizika, ZAO "Nazimskaya Oil and Accession Expedition", CJSC VariersnefteftsStroy, OJSC "Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Construction Management", OJSC "SORRCHFLOT", OJSC Uralsvyazinform, OJSC Khantymansky ATP "

Trade and public catering is one of the important sectors of the Khanty-Mansiysk economy. In total, the city has 16 trading houses and centers, 385 stores of various specialization, 62 shopping pavilions, 18 kiosks, 1 mixed market for the sale of food and industrial goods, 20 restaurants, 66 cafes and bars, 32 canteens, 25 buffets and eateries.

In recent years, credit and financial and banking has been substantial development. The city has branches and branches of such Russian banks as VTB 24, Gazprombank, Zapsibcombank, Bank "Let's go!", Sberbank of Russia, Surgutneftegazbank, Khanty-Mansiysk Bank, Home Credit Bank and SKB-Bank, Ring of the Urals, Rosselkhozbank. Also operates the State Insurance Company "Yugoria".

Transport

In the 1970s, a runway was built, used now. In 2002, the construction of a new airbrokery was completed. In 2004, Khanty-Mansiysk Airport received international status. In Khanty-Mansiysk, Outair Airline OJSC is registered - the main airline car of goods and passengers from Khanty-Mansiysk and Khanty-Mansiysk.

In 1996, the construction of the federal significance road, which united Khanty-Mansiysk with the rest of the major cities of the Tyumen region (Surgut, Nefteyugan, Tyumen) was completed. In 2004, the construction of a car bridge through Irtysh was completed, so that the city received a reliable message with Nyagania and other cities in the western part of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. In 2010, a road opened through the village of Goropravdinsk, which reduced the distance to Tyumen by 300 kilometers.

The Pier on the Irtysh River is located 12-16 km from her sign into the river Ob. Passenger vessels provide the connection of the city with many cities and villages of the district, as well as with Tobolsky, Omsk and Salekhard.

The nearest railway station is dust-yah - 248 kilometers from Khanty-Mansiysk. After opening a new road through Goroprank, the nearest railway station became Demyanka - 238 km.

Overview of the district
The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District was formed by the VTCIK decree dated December 10, 1930 "On the organization of national associations in the areas of settlement of small native nationalities" and entered the Ural region. The first name of the region is the Ostyako-Vogulsky National District.

Geographical position. Borders of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Ugra
The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Ugra is located in the center of the Western Unibirsk Lowland. Its territory stretched from west to east by almost 1,400 km, from north to south - 900 km. The length of the borders is 4,733 km. The district covers an area of \u200b\u200b534.8 thousand square meters. km.

Territorial organization

On the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra, 105 municipalities were created (9 districts, 13 urban districts, 26 urban and 57 rural settlements) and 195 settlements are located:

16 cities (of which 14 are endowed with the status "City of District Values")

24 urban-type village

58 Poslakov

52 villages.

Administrative center of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra - Khanty-Mansiysk.

Initially, in the formation of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug in 1930, as part of the Ural region, the URUG was divided into 6 districts: Berezovsky, Kondinsky, Larryaksky, Samarovsky, Surgutsky, Shuryshkarsky. It was also envisaged to create a Lumpokol district, but he was never educated. After 7 years, Shuryshkar district moved to the Yamalo-Nenets National District. In 1957, the Mikoyansky district was renamed to Oktyabrsky. Larryaksky district was called Nizhnevartovsky in 1962. And soon, the Samarovsky district became Khanty-Mansiysk. In the 60-80 years, new territories are formed in the Khanty-Mansiysk District. During this period, Soviet, Nefteyugansky and Beloyarsky districts appear. The administrative and territorial division of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra relies on the principles of the historically established settlement, the placement of mining enterprises in the territories of the development of natural resources, the effectiveness of state, local self-government and the maximum use of the economic potential of the region. All decisions on issues relating to the territorial organization are made taking into account the opinion of the population.

History of settlement
The first evidence of the people who inhabited the territory of modern Ugra belong to the era of mesolith. In the early Middle Ages, the formation of ethnic groups Khanty and Mansi began. To x in. They populate extensive spaces from the Urals to the Yenisei and from Ob to Barabinsky steppes.

Formation of statehood
Modern Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District - Ugra is a full-fledged subject of the Russian Federation, adjacent to the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, the south of the Tyumen region, the Republic of Komi, Sverdlovsk, Tomsk regions and the Krasnoyarsk Territory. However, in the history of the Ugra land, the border often changed, and she herself was part of various Russian regions.

West Siberian oil and gas province
The first Soviet geological expedition arrived at the Ugra Earth in February 1935. He headed her 24-year-old geologist engineer Viktor Grigorievich Vasilyev. It was he who first confirmed the natural yield of oil to the surface of the river Yugu Surgut district. 2.5 tons of equipment to the location of drilling were sent by the plane.

Economy
The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra is the main oil and gas area of \u200b\u200bRussia and one of the largest oil-producing regions of the world, refers to the regions of donor-donors of Russia and leads on a number of major economic indicators:

Business
At the end of 2018, 74 thousand 25 small and medium-sized entrepreneurships were registered in Ugra. The average number of working on small and medium-sized enterprises without external partners is 127.9 thousand people.

Interregional and international cooperation
International and interregional cooperation provides Ugra wide opportunities for exploring advanced foreign experiences, receiving advisory assistance to world experts, attracting additional financial resources, contributes to the strengthening of the political and socio-economic situation of the region.

Health
At the very beginning of the century, the Russian scientist, economist, and the ethnographer Dunin Gorkavich, visiting our northern places, wrote: "The situation of medical care is such that with all the desire, it is not able to satisfy the population. There are 100 kabaks, 80 churches, 35 schools and only 2 hospitals. "

Education
The Government of the Ugra is actively solving a matter of lack of places in kindergartens. To reduce the tension of this problem, a number of measures have been adopted, which stimulate the development of the pre-school education market, the creation of groups of short-term stay, pre-school groups based on educational organizations, organizations of additional education of children, departmental kindergartens, non-governmental organizations.

Ecology
The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District - Ugra has a huge natural resource potential, is the main oil and gas region of Russia and one of the largest oil-producing regions of the world. Natural capital is one of the main components of the sustainable development of the territory, it serves as a foundation for economic growth and improving the welfare of the population.

The science
In Ugra, scientific activities conduct 1345 employees of higher professional education organizations. More than 50% of scientific and pedagogical workers have scientific degrees and titles, 16.3% are a scientific degree of Doctor of Science.

Culture

In Ugra, there are 482 cultural institutions.

Museum of nature and man - The oldest museum institution as part of its collections has unique exhibits of archeology and paleontology, including the only vertebrae mammoth, punched by an ancient person, objects of the material culture and life of residents of the Epoch of the Early Middle Ages in the world.

Traditional fishery and crafts of indigenous peoples of the North
The culture of Obzhrov was allegedly for the XIV-XVI centuries. Until this time, the Russian people called the area of \u200b\u200bresettlement of the Ugric groups and the inhabitants of His "Ugra".

Media
District newspaper "News Ugra", State TV and Radio Company "Yugoria", District TV and Radio Company "Ugra" - the largest media in the region.

Sport
Ugra is known beyond its borders as a place of holding major international and all-Russian sports competitions. In the autonomous district, more than 400 sports and mass events of the District, All-Russian and international level are held annually.

Tourism
The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District - Ugra has unique natural and cultural and historical resources for the development of rest and tourism. On the territory of the Autonomous District there are monuments of history and culture: museums, theaters, archaeological complexes, as well as modern infrastructure for lovers of cultural and educational, recreational and outdoor activities.

Distinctive features. Mecca for those who love black money. The place, from which more than 50% of the total Russian oil is discouraged annually, most of which are sold to the West, making oligarchs every day all richer. The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District - Ugra ranks first in Russia for oil production, and the second on gas production. Major major cities are concentrated around oil fields. The population in them is constantly growing - many believe that this is a kind of "American dream." True, in the midst of the Taiga expanses of Siberia.

Despite the abundance of industrial cities, in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra, small indigenous people are still preserved: Khanty, Mansi, Nenets. These are the people with a richest history, centuries-old traditions, unique culture. The main classes for them are hunting, fishing, fur fishery, animal husbandry.

Mansi and cappuses of mansyat. Photo by Dreamer (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/valeriy-Dreamer/)

In the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District, tourism of all kinds are quite seriously developed. This is not surprising, because the hills and hills are openly unlimited the possibilities for the mountain ski skis, snowboarding, kiting. And lovers of sports and environmental tourism will be able to explore numerous natural parks, reserves. And even visit two state reserves.

By the way, about ecology. And here everything is bad. Emissions from the burning of oil gas, oil refining products, pollution of large cities with exhaust gases - all this causes irreparable harm to the nature and health of people.

Geographical location. On the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugras Thousands of Rivers and Lakes. The main rivers - Ob and Irtysh. A third of the districts are swamps, and more than 50% of the entire territory - Taiga forests. The relief of the district is the plains, the foothills, the mountains, the height of which reaches almost 2000 meters.

In the south, the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District - Ugra bordered by the Uvadsky and Tobolsky districts of the Tyumen region, in the South-East and East - with the Tomsk Region and the Krasnoyarsk Territory, in the south-west with the Sverdlovsk Region, in the North-West - with the Komi Republic, North with the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District.

Population County 1,584,063 people, and in terms of urbanization, the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District ranks fifth in Russia. The birth rate is one of the highest in Russia, and the mortality rate is one of the lowest. This is due both to the high level of the number of women of active reproductive age, high quality and standard of living and a well-developed health care system.

The main population is Russians, they are in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District - Yurga more than 68%. In addition to them, Tatars, Ukrainians, Bashkirs - 16% live. It is worth noting that the indigenous people of this taiga Citadel Khanty and Mansi are just a modest 2% of the total population of the district.

Crime. Crime rate - 23 place in Russia. According to the chief of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the district, the crime rate is continuously reduced. The police successfully fighting all sorts of violations of the law - from the organization of illegal attacks to murders, robberies and corruption in power. In this case, the problems remain a fairly high level of theft and drug addiction.

Unemployment rate It is 5, 3% and compared with last year it decreased by 1%. According to the level of salaries - well, in large cities, Stalin's desire "Living became better, it became more fun to live." Salary of a simple teacher, for example, can be more than 45,000 rubles per month. The average salary in the district is more than 50,000 rubles. What goes by itself, leads to the endless stream of migrants from the south.

Cost of real estate. Living in cities of great opportunities is the cheapest pleasure. Normal 1-bedroom apartment in Surgut meters by 40 will cost you at least 3 million rubles, Nizhnevartovsk - 2.7 million rubles, and in Nefteyugansk more than 3.3 million rubles. Well, to rent an apartment here is expensive - odnushki, for example, start from 20,000 rubles per month.

Climate. Snowy, long winter (from October to April), the temperature can reach -60 ° C, but on average it holds at -20 ° C. Yes, and summer will not pour thermo-loving people - the average temperature is only +16.5 ° C. Over the year, 400-620 mm of precipitation falls, their main part falls on the warm season.

Cities of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug

From a small village, where the foundation of the economy was collective farms, logging and the fishing industry, he turned into an industrial giant not only Siberia, but also of all Russia. The basis of the economy was oil production, oil and gas processing, transportation of petroleum products. Two powerful GRES were built for power supply of enterprises. Being nearby, they form one of the most powerful TPPs in the world.

Power Siberia. Photo by Shed (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/shed82/)

Today, Surgut is not only a huge city-plant, with frequencing of smoking pipes, oil rigs and endless pipelines, but also a modern megalopolis with a developed infrastructure, a variety of shopping and entertainment complexes, theaters, exhibitions, schools, universities, sports complexes. There is everything that is, for example, in Moscow. Yes, you will notice the difference between them, hitting there. Well, maybe the plugs are more, and the air in Surgut is cleaner, albeit slightly. And the population of the city is 325,511 people.

There is and where culturally relax, and what to see - it is necessary to visit the city drama theater, which has successfully put more than 70 performances. You can walk along the avenue of the Honor of Aviation Technology, and see the helicopters, which helped the oil workers to master Nizhnevartovsk.

And if you want to go shopping or actively relax - please! It offers 11 shopping and entertainment complexes located in different parts of the city.

The city with minimal unemployment is less than one percent.

Small business develops: for example, in 2013, more than 5 million rubles were allocated for subsidies, grants for youth entrepreneurship, family business, compensation for the expenses of entrepreneurs.

In general, to build a career this city, perhaps, one of the best in Russia: young, rich, promising. In the labor market, there is a huge selection of work here, since 1 person accounts for at least 10 vacancies.

By the way, and in the cultural plan everything is in order - there is a wonderful theater dolls "Magic Flute", a museum, gallery, a cinema, several temples and churches.

The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District was formed in 1930, until 1940 was called the Ostiako-Vogulsky National District. Located in the Tyumen Region in the Ural Federal District.

The district is located in the center of Western Unibirsk Lowland. It borders with the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Tomsk, Tyumen, Sverdlovsk regions and the Republic of Komi.

Area - 534.8 thousand square kilometers. The district includes 9 districts, 13 urban districts. The administrative center is the city of Khanty-Mansiysk. Large cities - Surgut, Nefteyugansk, Nizhnevartovsk.

The population of the district, according to Rosstat on January 1, 2014, amounted to 1597.0 thousand people. Russian, Ukrainians, Tatars, Bashkirs prevail in the national composition of the population of the district.

The indigenous (aboriginal) population is represented by three small numbers in the number - Khanty, Mansi and Forest Nenets. Their total number is about 1.5%.

Governor KhMAO - Natalia Komarova (since 2010).

On the territory of the district, two major rivers flow: ovel, a length of 3,650 kilometers, and her influx of Irtysh, the length of which is 3,580 kilometers. The climate of the district is temperate continental. It has a sharp change of weather in spring and autumn, temperature drops during the day.

The district occupies most of the territory of the West Siberian oil and gas province and is one of the largest oil-producing regions of the world. About 7% of world oil and about half of the Russian, more than 4% of the total all-Russian gas are produced here.

As of 2013, 467 hydrocarbon fields were taken into account on the territory of the autonomous districts on the balance sheet, including 406 oil fields, 22 gas and gas condensate, 39 oil and gas condensate, oil and gas and gas-chain. The largest - samotlorskoe, Fedorovskoe, Mammoth, Priobskoye.

The largest volume of oil recovered areas of Surgut, Nizhnevartovsky, Nefteyugansky and Khanty-Mansiysk districts.

In 2014, 250.5 million tons of oil were produced in the region, 31,771.5 million cubic meters of natural and associated gas.

Most of the reserves of oil distributed subsoil fund (95%) are listed on the balance of the largest vertical integrated oil companies OJSC TNK-BP Holding, Rosneft, OJSC LUKOIL, OJSC Surgutneftegaz, OAO Slavneft, JSC " Gazprom Neft "and OJSC" RussNeft ".

In the district is mined by plastic gold (gold reserves exceed 216 tons), residential quartz and collectible raw materials. The deposits of brown and stone coal are opened. Detected deposits of iron ores, copper, zinc, lead, niobium, tantalum, manifestations of bauxite, etc.

The region has created the most powerful electric power complex. The main share of electricity generation on the territory of the Autonomous Okrug is provided by Surgutskaya GRES-1, OJSC Surgutskaya GRES-2, OAO Nizhnevartovskaya GRES and Nyaganskaya GRES.

The Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District - Ugra - an export-oriented region, in the total volume of foreign trade turnover to the share of exports accounts for 95.6%, the share of imports - 4.4%. Mineral, oil and products of their distillation, bituminous substances, Mineral waxes go for export; Wood, charcoal. Of the total exports of 99.4% are crude oil.

A special place in the economy of the Ugra occupies the development of innovation. To support the subjects of innovation in the region, the autonomous institution of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra "Technopark of High Technologies", Non-Profit Organization "Foundation for Support Support Ugra"; "The Foundation for Development of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra", "Microfinance Foundation of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Autonomous Okrug - Ugra. The region has 130 innovative companies, most of which are residents of the technopark.

All research activities of the Ugra focused in higher educational institutions of the district.

The HMAO Higher Professional Education system is two regional university and the Academy, as well as two federal universities - Ugra State University and Nizhnevartov State University.

At universities, 18 small innovative enterprises were created. They are engaged in research activities in which students take part.

On the territory of the Autonomous District there are monuments of history and culture: museums, theaters, archaeological complexes. In Ugra, 35 museums and their branches are working. Most museums are historical and local history and ethnographic.

In Khanty-Mansiysk there is an ethnographic open-air museum "Torum Maa", founded in 1987. The museum broadcasts the living culture of the indigenous small peoples of the North. In addition to the exposure of the rarest objects, the Museum "Torum Maa" conducts ritual holidays of the indigenous small peoples of the North.

In the district there are two state reserves - "Yugansky" and "Malaya Sosyva", four natural parks, eight customers.

Every year, the district center becomes a platform of international cinema. Guests and participants of the Fire Cinematic Debuts Fire Festival of Fire Festival are coming to Ugra. It is established by the Government of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug and the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation in 2002.

Material prepared on the basis of information from open sources