A house made of timber, according to the customer, should be incredibly warm and cozy by default. A knowledgeable person, however, understands that for this you still need to try. Experienced builders, professionals in their field know about it not by hearsay. What should be done to make a house from a bar really warm? Let's talk about this and what dangers can await kind, naive customers on the way to the dream of a country, cozy home.

Warm corner: significance, execution technology and builders' tricks

A warm corner is a way of attaching beams when building a wooden house. Its advantages:

• Eliminates the likelihood of cracks;
• Does not blow out and lets the cold into the room;
• Easy to implement and no more time-consuming than other methods.

In addition to this method, they also practice "joint-to-joint", half-tree and dovetail. By virtue of their advantages, a warm corner wins in everything and any normal customer will choose a personalized one for his home. And now the fun begins. No, resourceful builders will not dissuade you from such a choice. They will do better (for themselves) - they will tell you a tidy sum. But what if you want to get a really warm house? Refuse such well-wishers! Conscientious builders will never take an additional fee for this - this is already their work and you will definitely have time to pay for it. True, in fairness and unnecessary overpayments.

Nageli: making the house even stronger

Nagels are special pins that make the timber "sit in place" even after shrinkage. What is the principle of working with pins? In order for the result of their application to be positive, you need to adhere to the order - the pins are installed perpendicularly through every two crowns, pre-drilling holes in the bar. That is, they laid it down, fixed it with dowels every 1.5 - 2 meters and again 2 crowns. Pins are made of wood, mostly hardwood. Someone saves and instead of ready-made dowels, they use improvised means: fittings, pipes or rolled metal. It is undesirable to allow this - it is impossible to predict the consequences 100%.

Today you can often hear that nagels are an outdated technology and completely irrelevant. But the fact remains - it is this method of joining logs or timber that remains the most reliable. Moreover, it is time-tested.

Royki: we work with window and door openings

Another important stage in construction is working with swarms. Usually, these are bars with a size of 50x50 mm. A groove is cut in the wall, namely, in the opening. Swarms are inserted there. They will help keep the wall stable. In order for the shrinkage process, even with swarms, to pass without consequences, it is imperative to leave about 2 centimeters above the bar in the window opening, and 5 in the doorway. There is enough space for the bars to snap into place. If you do not leave space, one of the logs or beams will hang and thereby provoke the appearance of a gap. What is a warm house if there are cracks in it?

But this technology should not be neglected. If the swarms are not installed, deformation of the wall in the place of the opening is inevitable.

Builders' mistakes: real and possible

In order not to learn from your mistakes and mistakes that will be made during the construction of your house, look at others. A very real picture: a wooden block was installed in the window opening as a swarm. Shrinkage has passed, and the wall curved and became convex. What's wrong? The fact is that the wooden swarm collapsed and simply ceased to fulfill its task - to strengthen the opening. To avoid such an unpleasant situation, give preference to metal swarms. It is especially important to use them when strengthening doorways - the load there is much greater.

Maybe this: greedy workers offer you to install swarms for a certain amount. You, of course, out of ignorance, will refuse. Why pay extra money? After all, "and so it will stand just fine." This absolutely must not be done! Maybe in the first year nothing will happen to the walls. But the house is being built not for a year, not for 5, and not even for 10 years! Think about the future and play it safe - install swarms. Not for a fee. We will now tell you why.

Forewarned is forearmed

Be careful when proposing to make high-quality swarms for money or for a “symbolic” fee to use not a “dovetail” or “butt-to-joint” when laying beams, but a “warm corner”. This work is done by default and you don't have to pay for it!

Conscientious and responsible builders from serious companies who value their name will do everything in the best possible way. You won't even be asked if you need a swarm or a warm corner - they will just do it. Of course, there are cases when the customers themselves refuse to strengthen window and door openings. The construction company has the right to issue a receipt, where the customer indicates that he refuses this work. So, the developer disclaims responsibility for further consequences, and the future owner of the house risks facing problematic shrinkage of the timber.

And your home will be cozy, strong and durable, because now you know exactly what pins, swarms are for and what a "warm corner" is.

That houses made of profiled timber- this is a modern, reliable and profitable way of housing construction, today no one doubts. It is not surprising that houses, baths and outbuildings made of this material can be found everywhere in recent years. List the benefits log houses can be infinitely long. However, in this article, we set ourselves the task of telling you about one drawback of wooden (including squared) buildings and ways to neutralize this drawback. It will focus on the natural moisture content of wood, and the problems associated with it.

Houses from a bar: the essence of the problem

As you know, wood is a natural material that was once a living organism. Like all living things, wood contains moisture. Over time, some of this moisture from the wood evaporates, and the wood begins to dry out and crack.

This may not be visible to the naked eye, but nevertheless affects the overall design. log house causing deformation of window and door openings.

Shrinkage houses made of profiled timber may depend on many factors.

First of all, it is the level of humidity and the type of wood material for construction, the type of wood, the season and construction technology.

Usually, shrinkage occurs most intensely in the first three to four months after construction is completed.

Royki: protection of timber houses from deformation and shrinkage

In order to neutralize the negative impact on your log house of the problem described above, two complementary methods are used:

• Profiled beams are used to build a house, which have undergone additional industrial drying. The percentage of moisture in such a bar is not more than 20. As a result, there is less shrinkage and shrinkage of the finished house.
• Used when installing doors and windows swarms.

If everything is clear with a decrease in the moisture content of the material, then what is swarms for wooden houses, we suggest talking in more detail.

Royka for a wooden house is a special block of wood with a square section. This bar (swarm) is inserted into the prepared groove at the end of the window or door opening.

Royki help to effectively solve the problem of deformation of window and door openings. If we just cut an opening in the wall from a bar, and then install a window or a door in it, then, after a while, the drying out wood will make your opening too large, and the door frame or window frame will simply fall out of it. To avoid such a development of events, a swarms, reducing the negative consequences of drying and subsidence of wood to a minimum.

How swarms are installed

When installing swarms for log houses, as a rule, the following actions are performed:

• A hole in the wall of the house is cut out for a door or window, and its finishing is carried out.
• In the end part of the resulting opening, a longitudinal cut is made. The cutting depth should correspond to the height of the swivel, and the length should be 6-12 cm longer than the length of the used swarms for a log house... This will give space for the shrinkage gap.
• After that swarms for wooden houses are installed in the prepared cuts, and door or window frames are already attached to them. A gap (about 5 cm wide) is also left between the ends of the log house and the frames of windows or doors. This gap is then filled with a special insulation, which is also necessary for safe shrinkage at home.

Thus, applying in practice all of the above technologies, we achieve the absence in our log houses defects associated with shrinkage and drying of such a valuable natural building material as wood!

Royki

Construction of wooden houses is becoming more and more popular. More and more people are choosing ecological housing and moving to the countryside. All the benefits wooden house many articles have been written and they are all valid. The disadvantages are not so numerous and, rather, not even disadvantages, but the features of operation and construction.

It's no secret that wood, a natural building material, tends to dry out. House made of wood or laminated veneer lumber should be stable. These processes take from several months to several years. As a result of drying and shrinkage, the geometry of the building changes. Of course, the most sensitive elements to changes in size and shape are the structures of doors and windows. Only precise setting of levels and gaps ensures normal opening / closing, absence of cracks and drafts.

For modern building technologies, shrinkage and drying out of a wooden house does not cause problems associated with windows and doors. With the correct construction of the building made of wood, namely, in the process of preparing window and door openings, they use "swarms" - a technological element that prevents a change in the size of the opening.

After the opening has been cut through, the beams at the end form an unsecured edge, which, in the process of shrinkage, can deviate from the vertical axis, deform the opening, and even lead to the falling out of windows or doors. In order to avoid such complications, sawing is made at the ends of the beams forming the opening ( vertical slot). It is in it that they are inserted swarm and. They are made from wooden a square bar or from a metal corner.

Features of mounting the swarm

The installation of rooks requires compliance with some rules:

• Royka must match the prepared groove exactly.
• Installation is tight, but without rigid fixation.
• Box ka doors or window frame is attached only to the swarm.
• The upper edge of the swarm should be 10-20 cm shorter than the opening.

For installation swarms it is very important to comply with the last rule. LowerThe th edge should firmly abut against the floor, if these are doors, or against the lower horizontal beam of the window opening. At the same time, the top edgeswarmsmust be shorter than the vertical cut into which it is inserted. Compliance with this condition ensures the possibility of normal shrinkage without deformation of the opening.

To the person who decided on construction of a wooden house, you need to be extremely careful when choosing a contractor ( construction company). Some of them forget to even just mention that there is a technology for studding door and window openings with swarms. Others, offer the banal quality wooden house a, as an additional option. "We will build a great wooden house for you, but if you want it to be of high quality, pay us more."

In a reliable construction company such as ours, pinning of windows and doors is not an option, but a technological standard of construction that ensures the quality and durability of doors and windows in your home.

It's no secret that profiled timber is a natural, living material. This is the main reason for the special love of private developers for him. Timber houses have a lot of advantages and few disadvantages. The main ones are susceptibility to shrinkage, drying out and the appearance of cracks. This is because a solid timber loses its natural moisture over time and dries out. The process is invisible to the naked eye, but building structures react to shrinkage processes. Openings for windows, doors and gates were especially sensitive to the draft of the building.

Finished projects of houses from a bar, or made on an individual basis, should provide for protective measures in order to avoid distortion of openings during operation. As an option - the use of thoroughly dried timber in the construction of a house. It gives less shrinkage. A more efficient way is to install swings for window and door openings. It's great when the developer has the opportunity to use both methods in combination.

What are swarms?

Swarms are called beams, usually square in cross section. It is installed in specially cut, vertically located, slots of the end parts of a window or doorway. Installation of a swarm in a log house, which gives:

• strength and stability of the configuration of the opening for a window or door block;
• exclusion of the possibility of "sagging" of the box after the likely shrinkage of the building;
• hassle-free installation of a wooden, metal or plastic block.

Any building product must be manufactured in compliance with certain rules, including swarms. So, what are swarms in a log house, and how to make them right?

1. For the manufacture of this, in fact, a thorn is used only completely dry wood.
2. The cross-section of the swarm must completely coincide with the geometric dimensions of the cut into which it will be inserted.
3. The length of the spike is made less than the height of the opening by 60-120 mm.
4. The difference in opening height should only be visible at the top.

It would seem that we are talking about a primitive piece of timber, but its functionality is significant. It reliably protects a window or doorway from bending. If you ignore the installation of the swarm, the sagging of the blocks will be inevitable and irreversible.

Opening device

To the question: what are swarms, the answer is received. Now you need to figure out how to install them correctly. It is necessary to follow the sequence of actions exactly to get the expected result. You cannot rush to fill the openings with blocks without properly preparing them. Installation of swarms in window and door openings is carried out as follows:

• On the sides of the hole for a window or door, a vertical cut is made exactly in the middle. Its section should be even, smooth. The resulting groove should be thoroughly cleaned.
• The cutting depth should be equal to the thickness of the swarm, and the length should be 60-120 mm more than the size of the prepared bar.
• All openings are processed in the same way.
• The swarms are placed in the nests prepared for them. They should fit very tightly. From below, the bar enters the groove without a gap. And the difference in height between the swivel and the opening remains free from above. The resulting space is called shrinkage. It is filled with a special insulation to avoid the formation of a "cold bridge".

Now you can safely install windows and doors in complete confidence that no shrinkage will affect their normal operation. Swings for metal doors or gates are usually also made of a metal profile.

I want to continue the topic of installing swarms in houses and baths from a bar. Today I was at the facility where our company is building a bathhouse from a bar of natural moisture, so we built a house for this client a year and a half ago, a house for shrinkage, in the photo the house is dark brown, and the bathhouse has not yet been painted. When we were building a house for him, the customer refused in principle from swarms in windows and doors, but over time he admitted that he was a mistake. Right now, a year later, problems with the openings began, our guys, when the weather was bad, began to fix the squeezed out openings and insert swarms, but not wooden but metal ones. I will also say that it is now much more difficult to do this than at the time of construction, it was necessary to drill the walls next to the openings and level the wall with a channel with bolts, then sawing and inserting a pipe with a profiled at least 50mm width. The photo is shown below.

If the customer did not oppose and agreed to put the swings right away, then there would be no such difficulties in the future, and the bathhouse that we are building for him also without finishing is already doing with not metal swings, but wooden ones, since at the initial stage metal is not required, but it will not hurt margin of safety. I will note as I wrote in the previous article about the swarms, they are quite thick at least 50x50mm.

I also want to say that the house and the bathhouse are going on a spring assembly and, in principle, there are no gaps in the house that has stood for a year and a half between the timber. But this is a separate conversation in my other publications.

Conclusion, if a house is being built for you or you are working on your own, then spare no effort and money for swarms, ideally metal, and if the construction company refuses to do this or asks for money, then you should think about it. These are obvious things that must be done, whether the customer wants it or not.