The movement in defense of Brodsky and international fame. Language is God. Notes about Joseph Brodsky Creative biography of Brodsky

The movement in defense of Brodsky and international fame

The resolute behavior of the three witnesses for the defense at the trial, the excited interest of the city intelligentsia in the trial and solidarity with the defendant came as a surprise to the organizers of the trial. After the first session on February 18, “when everyone left the courtroom, they saw a huge number of people in the corridors and on the stairs, especially young people.” Judge Savelyeva was surprised: “How many people! I didn't think that so many people would gather! " The party functionaries who planned the show trial and their KGB consultants, accustomed since Stalin's times to the fact that intimidated people obediently or at least tacitly accept the regime's intimidating actions, did not take into account that a generation that was not traumatized by experience had grown up in the ten post-Stalin years mass terror, that young people will act in solidarity with those of the older generation of the intelligentsia, who, despite this experience, have managed to preserve their personal dignity, that together they will fight for freedom of thought and expression. Not caring about the observance of legal decency, deliberately planning their indicative and punitive event as symbolic, the organizers of the process did not take into account the fact that then the response to it would be like a symbolic act of arbitrariness. To the surprised exclamation of the judges regarding the large gathering of the public from the crowd, they replied: "The poet is not judged every day!"

As the circles of public opinion diverged, twenty-three-year-old Joseph Brodsky, the author of such and such poems, turned into an archetypal Poet, who is judged by the "stupid rabble." Initially, Brodsky's defense was organized by people who personally knew him, loved him, worried about his fate: Akhmatova and friends who were closer to Brodsky in age, M.V. Ardov, B. B. Bakhtin, Ya.A. Gordin, I. M. Efimov, B. I. Ivanov, A. G. Naiman, E. B. Rein and others, as well as those senior acquaintances among Leningrad writers and philologists who appreciated his talent, primarily Grudinin and Etkind who spoke at the trial. Following them, an increasing number of people in Moscow and Leningrad began to be involved in the protection of not so much Brodsky as such, but of the Poet and the principles of justice. In contrast to the official one, a truly public campaign began. The central figures in it were two women of a heroic character - the devoted friend of Akhmatova, the writer Lidia Korneevna Chukovskaya (1907–1996) and the close friend of Chukovskaya, the journalist Frida Abramovna Vigdorova (1915–1965). It was they who tirelessly wrote letters in defense of Brodsky to all party and court instances and involved in the defense of Brodsky people who were influential in the Soviet system - composer D.D.Shostakovich and writers S. Ya.Marshak, K.I. Chukovsky, K. G. Paustovsky, A. T. Tvardovsky, Yu. P. German, even the cautious K. A. Fedin and very officious, but ready to help out of respect for Akhmatova A. A. Surkov. Even in the Central Committee of the party, they found a hidden but valuable ally - the head of the sector of literature I. Chernoutsan (1918-1990).

The record of the trial of Brodsky, made by Vigdorova, despite the judge's threats, became a document of tremendous importance not only in the fate of Brodsky, but also in the modern political history of Russia. Within a few months, it spread in samizdat, ended up abroad and began to be quoted in the Western press. If before that the name of Brodsky was almost unknown in the West, then by the end of 1964, especially after Figaro Litteraire in France and Encounter in England published full translations of Wigdor's record. The romantic story of the poet, who is being reprimanded by evil, stupid bureaucrats, already completely cleared of the details of the meager Soviet life and local politicking, shook the imagination of the Western intelligentsia. For those who knew the value of totalitarianism, the trial of Brodsky was another confirmation after the persecution of Pasternak that freedom of speech in Soviet Russia under Khrushchev was as impossible as under Stalin, and for many people of leftist convictions it was the final collapse of confidence in the Soviet version of socialism. The French poet Charles Dobrzynski (b. 1929) in October 1964 published in the communist magazine Action poetique an entire poem, An Open Letter to a Soviet Judge. This angry philippic (“While the satellites are flying to the planets, / In Leningrad, the poet is sentenced!”, Etc.) ended like this:

And in the name of poetry and in the name of justice,

Without which socialism remains a dead letter,

I give you a challenge, comrade judge!

The largest American poet John Berryman (1914-1978) wrote in his poem "The Translator":

Many poets have worked so hard for

such a small fee

but they were not judged for it [...],

like this young man

who only wanted to walk

along the canals,

talking about poetry and doing it.

In England, a radio dramatization of Brodsky's trial was broadcast on the BBC program.

It is sometimes said that Brodsky owes his world fame not to his poetry, but to his process. This is true in the sense that instant fame in the age of mass media gave him access to a worldwide audience. However, other Russian writers, both before and after Brodsky, were in a similar position, but, with the exception of Solzhenitsyn, only Brodsky's work turned out to be proportionate to the opening opportunity. Akhmatova was the first to understand the significance of what happened in 1964 for the further fate of her young friend: "What a biography, however, they are making for our redhead!" Akhmatova's joke is based on a popular quote from “Notes of a Poet” by Ilya Selvinsky: “In a distant corner, they were beating someone with concentration. / I turned pale: it turns out that this is how it should be - / They make a biography of the poet Yesenin. "

The young man with his head in the clouds from Berryman's poem also appeared in other literary works. Brodsky was a transparent prototype of Gleb Golovanov, who was innocently accused of parasitism as an eccentric poet, one of the main characters of Georgy Berezko's novel Unusual Muscovites. The censors, apparently, did not expect a trick from a respectable Soviet prose writer, and the novel appeared in the Moscow magazine in 1967 (No. 6 and 7) and in the same year came out as a separate book. In 1981, Felix Rosiner's novel "Someone Finkelmeier" was published in London, where the story of the protagonist also transparently reflected the plot of the Brodsky case. As in the above-quoted notes by I.M. Metter (“... his face sometimes expressed confusion because they could not understand him in any way, and he, in turn, was also unable to comprehend this strange woman, her unmotivated malice; he did not able to explain to her even the simplest, in his opinion, concepts "), in these literary, as well as journalistic and oral texts, the image of a poet out of this world was replicated.

The hero of the collectively formed myth was very far from the real Joseph Brodsky, who by the age of twenty-three had already seen, experienced and thought through a lot. The point was not that Brodsky "did not understand" what was happening to him, but that he deeply understood the cruel absurdity of what was happening, from the point of view of common sense, and at the same time, the inevitability of his conflict with the state, despite the fact that he, as his defenders insisted, did not write any anti-state poems. The political system of his country was based on ideology and, thus, was closer to the totalitarian utopia of Plato than to the pragmatic Leviathan of Hobbes. There is a well-known passage in the Tenth Book of Plato's "State" that poets, as madmen who embarrass the public order, should be expelled from the ideal state: “[The poet] awakens, nourishes and strengthens the worst side of the soul and destroys its rational principle;<...>he instills a bad state system into the soul of each individual, indulging the unreasonable principle of the soul ... "In 1976, Brodsky will write" Developing Plato, "a poem where he recalls how the crowd," raging around, shouted : "Not ours!"". Among Vigdorova's notes are recordings of conversations in the courtroom during the break: “Writers! Get them all out! .. Intellectuals! They stuck on our neck! .. I, too, will start a word-for-word translation and begin to translate poetry! .. "

Brodsky was deeply grateful to Frida Vigdorova for heroic efforts to save him. A photograph of Vigdorova hung over his desk for many years, first in Russia, then in America. A year after the trial, Vigdorova died of cancer. The untimely death of a remarkable woman who saved the real Brodsky made the legend of the conventionally poetic Brodsky even more dramatic, for whom she kind of sacrificed her life.

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Joseph Brodsky is a Russian and American poet, essayist, playwright and translator. Considered one of the greatest poets of the 20th century.

He wrote poetry mainly in Russian, essays in English. In 1987, Brodsky was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.

In this article, we will tell you the features of the great poet, whose life was full of all kinds of adventures.

So before you short biography of Joseph Brodsky ().

Biography of Brodsky

Joseph Alexandrovich Brodsky was born on May 24, 1940 c. His father, Alexander Ivanovich, was a military photojournalist.

In the post-war period, he worked as a reporter and photographer for various publishing houses. Mother, Maria Moiseevna, was an accountant.

Childhood and youth

In the early years of his biography, Joseph Brodsky experienced all the horrors of the siege of Leningrad, during which hundreds of thousands of people died. Their family, like many others, suffered from hunger, cold and other nightmares of war.

In the post-war years, the Brodsky family still experienced financial difficulties, in connection with which Joseph dropped out of school and began working at the factory as a milling machine operator.

Joseph Brodsky in his youth

Soon he wanted to become a doctor. To do this, he even got a job in a morgue, but soon the career of a physician ceased to interest him.

Then Brodsky had to change many professions.

During this period of his biography, he continuously studied, reading in huge quantities. In particular, he was very fond of poetry and philosophy.

There was even an episode in his life when he, together with like-minded people, wanted to hijack a plane in order to leave the limits. However, the idea remained unrealized.

Creative biography of Brodsky

According to Joseph Brodsky himself, he wrote the first poems in his biography at the age of 16.

When Joseph turned 21, he was fortunate enough to meet Anna Akhmatova (see), who at that time was experiencing serious harassment from the authorities and many colleagues in the shop.

In 1958 Brodsky wrote the poems "Pilgrims" and "Loneliness", as a result of which he was also under pressure from the authorities. Many publishers refused to publish his works.

In the winter of 1960, Joseph Brodsky took part in the "Tournament of Poets". He read his famous poem "Jewish Cemetery", which immediately caused a violent reaction in society. He has heard a lot of unfair criticism and sarcastic accusations against him.

The situation became more and more tense every day. As a result, in 1964, the newspaper Vecherny Leningrad published letters from “dissatisfied citizens” condemning the poet's work.

A month later, Joseph Brodsky was arrested on charges of parasitism.

Arrest

The day after he was arrested, Joseph Alexandrovich had a heart attack. He was very painfully worried about everything that was happening around.

During this period of his biography, he wrote poems "What can I say about life?" and "Hello, my aging", in which he shared his emotions with readers.

Free again

Once free, Brodsky still heard endless criticism in his address. At the same time, he broke up with his beloved girlfriend Marina Basmanova, after which his mental state deteriorated markedly.

All this led Brodsky to attempt suicide, which fortunately ended in failure.

In 1970, another poem "Don't leave the room" came out from under his pen. It spoke about the place a person plays in the political system of the USSR.

Meanwhile, the persecution continued, and in 1972 Brodsky had to make a choice: go to a psychiatric hospital or leave the Soviet Union.

According to the poet, he had once been treated in a psychiatric hospital, the stay in which turned out to be much worse than in prison.

As a result, Joseph Brodsky decided to emigrate to, where in 1977 he was granted citizenship.

During his stay abroad, he taught Russian literature at American universities, and was also engaged in translation activities. For example, Brodsky translated poetry into English.

In 1987, a significant event took place in Brodsky's biography. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.

When he came to power in the USSR, Brodsky's works began to be printed in various magazines, and books with his work began to appear on the shelves of Soviet stores.

Later he was invited to visit the Soviet Union, but the poet was in no hurry to go home.

In many ways, he did not want to be in the spotlight and communicate with the press. Their emotional experiences associated with returning to their homeland were reflected in the poems "A Letter to the Oasis" and "Ithaca".

Personal life

In 1962, Joseph Brodsky met Marina Basmanova, with whom he immediately fell in love. As a result, they began to cohabit, and in 1968 their boy Andrey was born.

It seemed that the child would only strengthen their relationship, but everything turned out quite the opposite. In the same year, the couple broke up.

In 1990 Brodsky met Maria Sozzanni. She was an intelligent girl with Russian maternal roots. The poet began courting her and they soon got married. In this marriage, they had a girl named Anna.

Brodsky with his wife Maria Sozzanni and son

An interesting fact is that all his life Joseph Brodsky was a heavy smoker, as a result of which he had serious health problems.

He had to undergo 4 heart surgeries, but he could not end his bad habit. When doctors once again urged him to quit smoking, he uttered the following phrase: "Life is wonderful precisely because there are no guarantees, no and never."

In many photographs, Joseph Brodsky can be seen with different ones, whom he simply adored. In his opinion, these animals did not have a single ugly movement.

It is also worth noting that Joseph Brodsky was friends with, who was also a disgraced Soviet writer and lived in exile.

Joseph Brodsky and Vladimir Vysotsky

Even more interesting is that the great Russian treated Brodsky with respect and even tenderness. It is appropriate to quote here from Mikhail Shemyakin, Vysotsky's closest friend (see):

“In New York, Volodya (Vysotsky) met Brodsky, who presented him with a collection of his poems with a dedication:“ To the great Russian poet Vladimir Vysotsky ”. It should be noted that Volodya was very complex due to the fact that recognized Soviet poets treated his poems condescendingly, declaring that rhyming "sticking out" and "screaming" is a bad taste. Volodya did not let go of the book presented by Brodsky for a week: "Misha, look again, Joseph called me a great poet!"

Shortly before his death, Brodsky and his partners opened the Russian Samovar restaurant. Soon, the institution became one of the cultural centers of the Russian emigration c.

Death

Brodsky had heart problems even before leaving the USSR. At the age of 38, he underwent his first heart surgery in the United States.

At the same time, an American hospital sent an official letter to the Soviet Union with a request to allow the poet's parents to come to care for their son. The parents themselves tried more than 10 times to get permission to travel to America, but this did not give any results.

During the biography of 1964-1994. Joseph Brodsky suffered 4 heart attacks. On the eve of his death, he worked as usual in his office, which was located on the second floor of the house.

When in the morning the wife decided to visit him, she found him already dead, lying on the floor.

Joseph Alexandrovich Brodsky died on January 28, 1996 at the age of 55. The cause of death was the fifth heart attack. He never managed to see his parents.

An interesting fact is that a couple of weeks before his death, Brodsky acquired a place for himself in a cemetery, not far from Broadway. There he was buried.

However, six months later, Brodsky's body was reburied in the San Michele cemetery. Venice, not counting St. Petersburg, Joseph loved most during his lifetime.

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Song about freedom

In the summer of 1990, Soviet television planned a program called Bravo-90. It was the fifth year of perestroika, and the attitude of the authorities towards writers who emigrated or were expelled from the USSR changed radically. Bravo 90 was a testament to this new attitude. The invitation was received by Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Vladimir Voinovich, Vladimir Maksimov - and Brodsky. Solzhenitsyn refused, as did Brodsky, who still could not decide whether to visit or not visit his homeland. However, he had nothing against participating in the program in one way or another. The first collections of his poems had already appeared in the Soviet Union by this time, but real "rehabilitation" had not yet taken place, and he did not participate in the television program. Joseph and I agreed that I would film him and go to Moscow with this recording. In the film, he tells the Soviet public why he is so often in Sweden, and reads several poems.

My wife was also invited to sing songs to the poems of Marina Tsvetaeva and Boris Pasternak. When she told Joseph about this, he suddenly said: “Wait, I have something for you,” and went to fetch the briefcase that he had in the car. With the words: "You can put this to music" - he gave her the author's typescript of the poem "Song of Freedom", written in 1965 and dedicated to Bulat Okudzhava.

The poem has the form of a ballad and was quite suitable for such a genre metamorphosis. Nevertheless, the gesture was highly unexpected, given Joseph's negative attitude towards the genre as such - the poetry set to music. Although the initiative was his own, Elena, not without trepidation, performed her composition to Joseph a few weeks later. "In my opinion, it is good" - followed by his comment. In January 1991, the song was first played on Soviet television, at the same time my film about Joseph was shown.

"The Song of Freedom" was not published anywhere, but my wife and I thought that she had entered the so-called Maramza meeting. In fact, the typescript that Joseph took out of the portfolio at our house was the only copy, the original, unknown even to his Leningrad friends. Thus, not only the musical version, but also the poem as such, was published for the first time in the Bravo-90 TV show. Paradoxically, Brodsky's poem began to spread in a genre that he disliked - as a song. After the death of Brodsky and Okudzhava, we published it in Zvezda (1997, No. 7) as a tribute to both poets.

Today would be 76 years old Joseph Alexandrovich Brodsky - an outstanding Russian poet, Nobel Prize laureate in literature.

“In a real tragedy, it is not the hero who dies - the choir dies,” Joseph Brodsky said in his 1987 Nobel speech.
In 1991, the USSR died.
Brodsky died five years after the death of the "choir".

In the social structure of the USSR, Brodsky was an antisocial type. He was a man of free thought - free in an unfree country. Brodsky did not want to adapt and be a cog in the mechanism of the Soviet state. He did not want to fit into the usual Soviet environment, he fell out of the Soviet standard, he was a stranger among his own. When Brodsky was arrested on charges of parasitism, Anna Andreevna spoke in defense of Joseph. When Brodsky was sent into exile, Akhmatova said: "What a biography they are doing for our redhead!"
The desire for complete independence was the main character trait of Brodsky. Not everyone wants freedom. Brodsky longed for freedom, because it was necessary for creativity.

In August 1961, Evgeny Rein introduced Brodsky to Anna Akhmatova, who lived at her dacha (or, as she put it, in a "booth") in the village of Komarovo.
Brodsky always spoke with respect about the minutes spent near Akhmatova.

Akhmatova is credited with the words that there was an era of Pushkin and, probably, someday there will be an era of Brodsky.
When Brodsky was arrested on charges of parasitism, Anna Andreevna defended Joseph. When Brodsky was sent into exile, Akhmatova said: "What a biography they are doing for our redhead!"

On March 13, 1964, Brodsky was sentenced to the maximum possible punishment under the decree on "parasitism" - to five years of forced labor in a remote area.

In September 1965, the new General Secretary Brezhnev released the poet.
Abroad Brodsky was considered a genius. In our country, the KGB considered the poet a mediocrity and a parasite “I don't know who I am. I know that I am not the most wonderful person. I know what I have done in this life, to whom I have done evil. Of course I forgive myself. But in the end I cannot forgive myself for that. "

On June 4, 1972, Brodsky, deprived of Soviet citizenship, flew from Leningrad on the route prescribed by Jewish emigration to Vienna, paying $ 500. The poet left his homeland forever, taking away a typewriter, two bottles of vodka for Whisten Auden and a collection of poems by John Donne.

On July 9, 1972, Brodsky moved to the United States and accepted the post of "guest poet" at the University of Michigan in the town of Ann Arbor with a salary of 12 thousand dollars (which was a lot at that time). There he teaches intermittently until 1980.
After completing incomplete 8 classes of secondary school in the USSR, Brodsky leads the life of a university teacher in the United States, holding professorships at six American and British universities over the next 24 years.

In America, Brodsky met with many of his compatriots. Poets and writers from the USSR came to him. Among them were Bella Akhmadulina and Boris Messerer. On May 28, 2015, I was at the Anna Akhmatova Museum at a meeting with Boris Messerer, who shared his memories of Joseph Brodsky. About himself Brodsky said: "I am a Jew, a Russian poet and an American citizen." Brodsky was very upset about his exile and decided to take revenge - to take revenge on the Soviet regime for expulsion from the country. It was his dream to receive the Nobel Prize; the Nobel Prize was awarded in 1987.
What is the secret of Brodsky's work? What helped Brodsky become the youngest poets to receive an honorary diploma and a gold medal of the Nobel Prize in Literature from the King of Sweden?
Would Joseph Brodsky have received the Nobel Prize if he had stayed in the USSR?

In his Nobel Prize speech, Brodsky said:
“There are, as we know, three methods of knowledge: analytical, intuitive and the method used by the biblical prophets - through revelation. The difference between poetry and other forms of literature is that it uses all three at once (gravitating mainly towards the second and third), because all three are given in the language, and sometimes with the help of one word, one rhyme, the writer of a poem manages to find himself where no one before him has not been - and further, perhaps, than he himself would have wished.

Anyone who writes a poem writes it primarily because versification is a colossal accelerator of consciousness, thinking, and attitude. Having experienced this acceleration once, a person is no longer able to refuse to repeat this experience, he falls into dependence on this process, as he falls into dependence on drugs or alcohol. A person who is similarly dependent on language, I believe, is called a poet.

Regardless of whether a person is a writer or a reader, his task is primarily to live his own, and not imposed or prescribed from outside, even the most noble-looking life. ”Brodsky admitted:“ Two things justify the existence of man on earth: love and creativity ".
In 1990, Joseph Brodsky married Maria Sozzani, an Italian Russian aristocrat on the maternal side, born in 1969.
Brodsky met Maria Sozzane in Paris in December 1989 at his lecture. A year later, they sailed together on a gondola along the Grand Canal of Venice and the poet was happy. In 1993, their daughter Anna was born. "The century will end soon, but I will end sooner," prophesied fifty-year-old Brodsky. In his fiftieth birthday, Brodsky, according to friends, was in complete depression, with a "stone face" walked.
Death, according to Brodsky, is absolute destruction, a hopeless horror.
“We are all sentenced to the same thing - death. I will die, writing these lines, you will die, reading them. No one should interfere with each other from doing his work. The conditions of existence are too difficult to complicate them even more, ”wrote Brodsky.
Brodsky called his work as "exercises in dying." On January 28, 1996, Joseph Alexandrovich Brodsky died at his home in New York.
The main cause of Brodsky's death, his attending physician, called the poet's habit of smoking a lot. Joseph almost did not let go of the cigarette. It is very difficult to find a photograph of Brodsky, where he would have been without a cigarette. Joseph inherited heart disease from his father. Attacks of angina pectoris haunted the poet all his life, and with them the thoughts of death.
Brodsky suffered 4 heart attacks, but did not quit smoking. He smoked 3-4 packs a day, and even tore off the filter for the fortress. Doctors forbade the poet to smoke, because smoking is a slow suicide.
Brodsky did not drink except dry water. Every day 4 cups of strong coffee plus 20-30 non-filter cigarettes. Naturally, it affected the heart.
Whether Brodsky's death was natural or not, now one has to guess. There was no autopsy.
Why? The epitaph at Brodsky's burial reads: "Death does not end with everything" (from the elegy of the Proportion Letum non omnia finit).

He speaks quite sharply there about his fellow writers, so to speak. About Yevtushenko, Voznesensky ... But I very much agree with many things. And here's another interesting thing:

"There are three more poets - of different qualities, but, in my opinion, good. And if they were given the opportunity to work normally, it would be great, it would be interesting, but I'm afraid that already, as people say, too late... These three - I learned a lot from them. They were three years older than me. I met all of them in the 60th year - to my grief, to my joy. In general, we became friends, then it all disintegrated - and in a rather nasty way disintegrated in each individual case. Completely disintegrated. Anna Andreevna called us "the magic choir". But then she died - and the dome collapsed. And the magic choir ceased to exist, broke into separate voices. These are Eugene Rein, Anatoly Naiman and Dmitry Bobyshev. There were four of us. But now they ... Raine makes a living by articles in some magazines, writing popular science scenarios, in general, turns into a little bit of a monster. This person is already broken in some way. By your personal circumstances, personal. In general, he no longer knows what kind of world he lives in - where he thinks of himself as a poet, whether where he writes all these handicrafts, day work. Naiman is a translator. He was not at all a very independent figure, and yet there was something in him, some kind of sharpness, some subtlety. But translations and all these very things - they ruined him a little. Because he no longer remembers where his own is, where is someone else's. Words for him are simple - as, indeed, for all translators sooner or later - bricks. And not an independent value. This, however, is for me too. And Bobyshev, about whom I know a little less. He is a rather talented person, with a very high sense of the language and the concept of what he does in the language. This was his main advantage, and he began to endlessly exploit this advantage. He was not looking for new means. And it’s not that “I wasn’t looking for new means” - if there was some kind of audience, there would be some kind of competition, do you understand? It’s funny to talk about poetry, but it’s there too. Then ... maybe something would have worked out. And so, I think, in general, they are more or less derailed. Or they switch to others, or I don't know anymore."

Then it was very pleasant to read that he considers himself a Russian poet and even a Soviet one ... " And, in general, in a number of cases, much in the work of people who live in the Soviet Union, in Russia, is not inspired divine invasion- not by divine invasion - but by the idea of resistance, do you understand? This must always be remembered. And in some way you can even be grateful for that. " By the way, I also read this idea from Elena Schwartz. She said that after the collapse of the Union and the destruction of the system, poets became uninteresting to write, because the prohibitions disappeared.

More about Czechoslovakia: "They acted like schoolchildren. It's kind of boyish. The point is that the principles that they defended ... for some reason, you see, it seemed to them that they had found new ways to defend these principles. And these principles - so that they do not become empty words and do not hang in the air - if we are to defend them, if we are talking about the fact that we are defending these principles, unfortunately, blood must be shed for them. Otherwise, you are just waiting for some form of slavery. If you have already started talking about the fact that you want freedom, you are worthy of this freedom, and so on, and so on, - if you are already reaching the level that freedom has been taken away from you, that you do not want to be a slave, then here it is necessary , in general ... There are no new ways to fight slave owners, except with weapons. It is in vain that they think that they have invented a new way. "

And this is also about abroad, so to speak: "I, unfortunately, am in a rather difficult situation, because I understand that you cannot have an answer to this question. Because when you look around, it is no longer clear what you live in. Especially here. It is not clear. It seems that in the name of shopping "eh, do you understand? that life happens in the name of shopping "a. The only thing that remains is to try to be as little as possible involved that's all this. IN shopping and ... You know, if I grew up here, I don't know what I would become. I just do not know. I don't understand ... This is a very strange feeling. I do not understand at all why all this is. Something good (but this is our, totalitarian Russian thought) - something good can only be as a reward, and not as an a priori something, do you understand? "

There are many more interesting things - about art in general, a little bit about music, about literature in general. I advise you to read.