Production. Types of companies. Presentation types of production presentation for a lesson on the topic Workshop structure of production

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The concept of the type of production, the basis for their classification, the calculation of the coefficient of consolidation of operations.

TYPE OF PRODUCTION a set of organizational, technical and economic characteristics determined by the nomenclature, scale and regularity of production

Types of production Single Mass Serial

Unit production is focused on the production of piece goods of a varied and variable range for a specific purpose

Serial production - production of identical products in periodically repeating batches or series of a certain size

Mass production is the continuous production of a large number of similar products over a long period of time.

The operation consolidation coefficient characterizes the number of operations per one workplace per month on average.

Calculation of the coefficient of consolidation of operations (Kzo): Kzo – coefficient of consolidation of operations; Мд – number of names of parts assigned to the workplace; Mod – the number of operations assigned to a workplace. Kzo=Md*Mod

Mod= F pos. – useful fund of equipment operating time; Kzagr.opt. – optimal load factor (0.85); t pcs. min – minimum piece time from the technological process; a – coefficient taking into account losses for repair and adjustment of equipment; N – annual program.

T – number of working days per year; B – shift duration; T" - the number of pre-holiday days; B" - the number of hours of shortened pre-holiday days; S – number of shifts. F polo.about=(T*B-T"*B")*(1- a)* S *60

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

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Production is the basis of the economy. Work saves us from three great evils: boredom, vice, and want. Francois Voltaire

People's material needs are satisfied through the acquisition of various economic goods.

Classification of economic goods short-term long-term present benefits future direct indirect interchangeable complementary

Production is the process of creating economic goods (goods and services) to satisfy people's needs.

Historical types of production Natural production arose historically first. consumer and producer are usually the same. Commodity production is associated with the division of labor and specialization within production. leads to increased exchange processes not only in the form of donation, but also in the form of trade

Purpose and results of production Product is the result of economic activity, embodied in things and services. properties: use value, i.e., the ability to be useful, necessary for people, and exchange value, i.e., the ability to exchange for other goods. All goods, depending on their purpose, are divided into two groups: means of production (machines, work buildings, equipment); consumer goods (food, clothing). Services are economic activities that satisfy the personal needs of the population and society as a whole.

The difference between a product and a service A service does not have a material form. A product is first produced and then consumed. A service, as a rule, is consumed directly at the time of its production.

Factors of production Economic resources are everything that is used in the production of goods and services. (factors of production) Natural resources (land, minerals, water, forests) Labor resources (people with their abilities to produce goods and services) Capital (money capital, means of production i.e. real capital) Information resources (knowledge necessary for economic activities)

The “three pillars” of production: labor (labor), objects of labor (land), means of labor

Labor Labor is the totality of a person’s physical and intellectual abilities, that is, the labor force that he uses in the production process. Labor indicators productivity, effectiveness. Labor productivity is the amount of products produced per unit of time, and intensity is the energy expenditure of a worker per unit of time. Features of labor mobility of labor unequal qualifications inability to determine the quality of an employee when concluding a contract includes social, psychological, political and other aspects

Means of production include means of labor and objects of labor. Means of labor are the means by which people create the necessary goods (tools, machines, equipment, production facilities). Objects of labor are what people influence in the labor process; they form the material basis of the future product (natural raw materials, materials, energy) Features: limited, mandatory human participation, as well as dependence on objective climatic conditions.

Information resources The structure of the market is diverse; it includes scientific and educational institutions, media, storage facilities and a large number of intermediaries.

Economic resources are paid

Economic efficiency is obtaining the maximum possible benefits from available resources. Indicators of production efficiency Labor productivity (average cost of products produced by one worker) Material intensity (consumption of natural resources per unit of production) Capital intensity (use of capital to produce products) Comparison of the cost of manufactured products with the cost of all resources used is called profitability

The division of the production process into a number of separate operations, stages, performed by different workers is called division of labor. The production of individual products based on the division of labor is called specialization.

Production possibilities are the maximum number of goods and services that can be simultaneously produced over a certain period of time, given resources and technology.

Manufacturing process

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Production process in the organization. In industry, the production process is divided according to a number of characteristics. In industry, the production process is divided according to the composition of the finished product. The processes for the production of mineral fertilizers differ from the processes for the production of machinery and equipment. According to the nature of the impact on raw materials and materials, processes are divided into mechanical, physical, etc. Each type of production process may include a significant number of partial ones. The main production processes are those that result in the creation of finished products. - Process.ppt

Needs and production

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Economics and its role in the life of society. The concept of "economy". Distribution, exchange, consumption. What does the economy depend on? Factors of production. Economics: science and economy. What is called material and intangible production? What is exchange, distribution and consumption? Material production. All types of industrial production. Agricultural production. Transportation. Construction. Extraction of all types of raw materials. Intangible production. Education. Healthcare. Culture and sports. Spheres of the economy. What does the economy depend on? Rest needs. - Production.ppt

Manufacturer on the market

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Manufacturer on the market. Production. Production and its characteristic features. What is production? The process of creating different types of economic products. Industry. What should the ratio be? Questions for consolidation. What is an enterprise? Working with the textbook. Open the diagram. Dropping concepts. Law of demand. What is demand? The operation of the market price mechanism. Law of demand. Mini-testing. Marketing and its role in market conditions. Marketing. The essence of marketing research. Economy. Compose a text from individual terms. Process. Establish correspondence between concepts and definitions. - Manufacturer on the market.ppt

Production is the basis of the economy

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Production location

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Theoretical basis of the course. Economics of world regions. Placement theory. Production location. The presence of objective patterns. Von Thunen's model. V. Launhardt. Labor costs. Industrial enterprises. Raw material factor. Types of raw materials according to Weber. Alfred Weber's triangle. - Production location.ppt

Production at the enterprise

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Organization of production at the enterprise. Manufacturing process. Industrial production. Phase. Operations. Principles of organizing the production process. Types of production. Factors. Production structure of the enterprise. Shop. Divisions. Workshops and sections are created on the principle of specialization. Production structure. The production structure of the enterprise with subject specialization. Production structure of the workshop. Production cycle and its structure. Composition and structure of working time. Production cycle. Technological operations. Structure. Preparatory and final time. - Production at the enterprise.pptx

Manufacturing program

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Concept and indicators of the production program. Production program indicators. Price. Volume of commercial products. Gross output. Clean products. Stages of drawing up a production program for an enterprise. Development of a production program. Analysis of production volume. Production volume target. Manufacturing method and type of production. OKP functions. Types of production capacity. Volume of production. Productive capacity. Theoretical production capacity. - Production program.ppt

Lean production system

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Lean. Albert Einstein. Management concept. Business optimization process. The starting point of lean manufacturing. Basic principles. 5 principles of LEAN. Excellent quality. Lean manufacturing tools. Algorithm for implementing LEAN - ideology. Typical mistakes. LEAN culture. Philosophy. Kaizen. Kaizen system. Supplies. Kanban system. Production sizes. The desire to reduce inventories. Information system. Main advantages of the Canban system. Main disadvantages of the system. Kanban and Just-in-Time systems. Quality system. Conditions. - Lean manufacturing system.ppt

Sales plan

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"Drawing up a basic production plan." Introduction: methods of planning required materials and production resources (MRP; MRPII). Interrelation of plans of an industrial enterprise: Place of the operational project. Master production plan as the basis of MRP. Main functions of the EPP: Formation of the main production plan. The procedure for forming the OPP: input information. Contained in the enterprise computer system. 3. Data on resources (production facilities, personnel). The information must be contained in the enterprise computer system. The procedure for forming an OPP: actions. 1. Determination and entry into the system of independent needs. - Sales plan.ppt

Modern production

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Plan for studying new material: The composition of modern society. Problems associated with modern production. What is modern society like? What are the predictions of modern scientists about the future of human society? Name the signs of modern society. What industries are leading today? How has the nature of work of modern people changed? How is home work monitored? Describe the state of development of television and telephone communications. What are the future plans for these industries? What new inventions did you learn about during the lesson? - Modern production.ppt

Economics and economic activity

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Economy. "The art of farming." Definitions. The sphere of human activity in the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of material goods. Goods and services that satisfy our needs and are available in limited quantities in society. Production. Material production is the creation of products and services that satisfy the material needs of people. Simple production: as much as they produced, as much they consumed. Expanded production: more is produced than consumed. The process of creating material wealth. Mode of production. Mode of production = Forces of production + Relations of production. - Economics of production.ppt

Workshop production structure

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Workshop structure of production. Shop. Main production. Auxiliary production. Main production areas. Material storage room. Production lines, workplaces. Tool and distribution pantry. Instrument Management Bureau. Workshop energy group. Workshop mechanic group. Support services. Laboratory. Storeroom for finished products. Transport group. Service departments. The production of specific products is most often carried out in a specialized workshop. Advantages of a workshop management structure: - Workshop production structure.ppt

Lean

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Lean manufacturing in the practice of Russian enterprises. Forum program. What is lean manufacturing? 10 ideas about lean manufacturing. 5 most important things a BEGINNER needs to know about lean manufacturing. Profile of a lean manufacturing system. What should you consider when implementing lean manufacturing? 1. Scale of business. 2.Organization. 3.Culture. What's your option? Lean manufacturing implementation strategy: 9 points. Work on the forum. Questions from experts to the audience. Three main criteria for assessing lean development (NOVOMET question)? Comment from the forum moderator. - Lean Manufacturing.pptx

Value Stream

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Current value stream map. Value flow. Value Stream (VSM). Who is responsible for the value stream. Constructing a flow map. Production. What do we mean by creating a value stream map (VSM). Why do you need a flow map? Creating a Current State Map. Current state flow map. Product family. Consumer requirements. Average monthly order. Main stages of the process. Process stages. Data for each stage. Process data. Inventory levels between stages. Inventory Delivery details. Frequency of product and raw material deliveries. -

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Production process

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 2 16. Production Costs/Input Factors of production Output/Output Goods and services Enterprise Production Production is the transformation of factors of production into goods and services.

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Production function

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 3 16. Production (production function) - the relationship between the number of factors of production used and the size of production of goods and services.

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Duration of economic activity

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 4 16. Production short-term period - up to 1 year; medium-term period—from 1 to 5 years; long-term period—over 5 years.

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Short-term and long-term periods

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 5 16. Production Short-term period (shortrun) - a period during which the quantities of some factors of production change, while others remain unchanged. Long-term period (longrun) is the period during which the quantity of all used factors of production changes.

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Constant and variable factors

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 6 16. Production Fixed factors are factors of production, the quantity of which does not change during the period under consideration. Variable factors are factors whose quantity varies during the period under consideration.

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Short term

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 7 16. Production Two factors of production: one (capital) is constant, the second (labor) is variable. The expansion of production depends on changes in the proportions between constant and variable factors. The number of firms on the market remains unchanged.

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Long term

Chapter 3. Economics of the Firm 8 16. Production Both factors of production are variable. Returns to scale - if the amount of capital used increases, then the amount of labor used increases by the same amount. The number of firms on the market changes - new firms emerge, and some of the existing ones go bankrupt or cease their activities.

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Average product of labor

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 9 16. Production (averageproductoflabor) - the volume of production by one employee

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Labor productivity

Chapter 3. Economics of the Firm 10 16. Production (laborproductivity) can be defined either as output - the amount of product produced per unit of time, or as labor intensity - the amount of time spent on producing a unit of product.

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Factors influencing labor productivity

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 11 16. Production General economic factors - the type of economic system and the general level of economic development of the country. Intra-company factors - increasing the technical equipment of production. Human factors - increasing the level of qualifications of personnel, reducing the share of manual labor, motivating employees to work productively, their physical and spiritual condition.

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Marginal product of labor

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 12 16. Production (marginalproductoflabor) - an increase in production as a result of hiring an additional worker.

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Phases of production growth

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 13 16. Production Growth in production as a result of an increase in the number of workers with a constant amount of equipment occurs in three phases: Increasing and positive marginal product of labor (increasing and positive). Decreasing but positive marginal product of labor. Decrease and negative marginal product of labor.

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Diminishing returns in the short term

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 14 16. Production The law of diminishing returns (law of diminishing returns) - in the short term, when a certain volume of production is reached, the marginal product of a variable factor decreases.

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Long term

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 15 16. Production Return to scale is the impact of changes in the size of the factors of production used on the total product of production.

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Types of returns to scale

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 16 16. Production Constant returns to scale (constant return to scale) - an increase in the spent factors of production by a certain amount leads to an increase in production by the same amount. Increasing returns to scale - an increase in the input factors of production by a certain amount leads to an increase in total production by more than the same amount. Diminishing returns to scale (decreasing return to scale) - an increase in the spent factors of production by a certain amount leads to an increase in production by less than the same amount. Slide 19

Conclusions (2)

Chapter 3. Economics of the company 19 16. Production Labor productivity is the amount of products produced per unit of time (output), or the amount of time spent on producing a unit of output (labor intensity). Labor productivity depends on general economic, intra-company and human factors.

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Conclusions (3)

Chapter 3. Economics of the firm 20 16. Production Production in the short run is characterized by diminishing returns to the variable factor of production (labor). When a certain volume of production is reached, the marginal product of the variable factor decreases. Production in the long run is characterized by different returns to the scale of factor use - constant, growing or decreasing.

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Production is the basis of the economy.

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