The skeleton of a multi-gable roof for a block house. Multi-gable roof. Video: installation of a rafter structure with a valley

Today, houses with a multi-gable roof have become quite common. The buildings have an original design. What does this name of the roofing structure mean, let's try to figure it out.

Typical project of a cottage with a multi-gable roof

Installation of a multi-gable roof is carried out not only in order to protect the structure from various climatic and weather phenomena. It can be installed on those that need additional lighting, or on houses with complex layouts.

An example of a complex layout of a house using a multi-gable roof

A multi-pitched roof can be simple and have only two slopes, or it can be multi-pitched and have several slopes. In most cases, the latter type is characterized by a cruciform shape on the surface of the house.

Design advantages and disadvantages

There are several characteristics of a multi-gable roof that have a positive effect on its technical properties.

Despite the large number of advantages of a multi-gable roof, there are also some of its disadvantages.

Note. Before constructing this type of roof for a house, you must first assess your financial capabilities, since it is the most expensive.

If a project of a four-pitched multi-gable roof is drawn up, then it is necessary to take into account the means for insulation and thermal insulation of the structure in the consumables.

Recommendations for drawing up a building plan with a multi-gable roof

First, it is possible with the help of modern computer programs. This is not difficult. The most important thing to consider in the process of work:

Secondly, you need to know what elements the roof consists of and the features of the construction of its rafter system.

Next, you need to correctly distribute the loads of load-bearing rafters and beams to the walls of the house. They are a guarantee of the resistance of the roof structure to the effects of wind and other climatic phenomena.
Note. This is ensured by the frequency of installation of rafters and beams. The smaller the distance between them, the higher the roof strength is.

To eliminate problems in the construction of the roof, you need to draw up its project in accordance with the established SNiP standards. After all, the loads can be constant or variable. And all of them are taken into account in the works.

Rafters connection diagram

What can be used to build houses with a multi-gable roof

It is worth considering that this type of roof exerts quite significant loads on the structure. It is for this reason that experts recommend building a roof only for a house from:

bricks;
shell rock;
foam block;
aerated concrete.

These materials are endowed with certain indicators of strength and reliability, and they can be used to build buildings of any number of storeys.
In some cases, wood is also used:

profiled timber;
rounded timber.

In this case, the houses must have large parameters and a huge number of load-bearing structures in order to withstand the loads of the roof.

Note. It so happens that a project of one house is immediately drawn up, in which, in the process of work, the appearance of the roof is changed.

All this creates additional loads that were not taken into account by architects. In order for the structure to serve for a long period of time, it is necessary to carry out a number of works aimed at strengthening it.

In most cases, the reinforcing system of the foundation of the house is initially thought out. Ditches are dug around the perimeter of the already made base, and concrete mortar is poured using reinforcement. As for the load-bearing walls, they can be reinforced at the points of their connection with similar materials, or you can use special ready-made metal structures, which are quite simply and quickly mounted on both the outer and inner corners of the structure.

Components of a multi-gable roof

To correctly draw up a project for such a roofing structure, you need to know what exactly it consists of.
So, the following elements are present in the construction of a multi-gable roof:

mauerlat;
lathing;
inclined slopes;
rafters;
endova;
horizontal and inclined ribs;
skate;
overhangs.

In addition, they also use gutters for high-quality drainage of water from the roof surface and grooves.

House project with original multi-gable roof construction

Endovs are special connections of two roof slopes.

Mauerlat - the base of the roof, which is constructed from large-diameter profiled timber on the surface of the walls of the building. It is on it that a frame of wooden rafters and inclined beams is mounted.

Varieties of multi-gable roof

At the moment, this type of roof can be:

Complete. It is characterized by the fact that the roof is based on the walls of the structure. That is, the wall of the house acts as the front of the roof.
Incomplete. This is in the case when the front is an integral part of the roof and it is built during the installation of a roof from similar materials.

Drawing of an incomplete multi-gable roof

Advice. It is best to opt for a full-fledged multi-gable roof. It will be more reliable and durable.

In addition, the room under it can be used to equip an office or bedroom.
Buildings with such a roof can have an unlimited number of floors. The most important thing is that the building material can withstand all the loads. As a rule, one-story houses with a mansard roof are erected in suburban areas. On the slopes of a multi-gable roof, skylights can be easily mounted.

It is also worth considering that you need to rationally use the additional space. For example, multiple bedrooms can be easily accommodated under a four-gable roof. It all depends on the size of the house.

Multi-gable roof rafter system

Mauerlat ensures the correct distribution of the load on the load-bearing walls of the house. For its construction, bars of 15x15 cm or 15x10 cm should be used.Their length in this case should reach 1.5 m.The rafters are assembled from boards with sections of 15x5 m.

Note. It is worth considering that the rafters can be inclined or hanging.

Their choice depends on the availability of additional supports. Although each type can be used simultaneously in the manufacture of roofing.

Where the slopes of the multi-gable roof are connected, diagonal and inclined rafter legs are mounted. In the process of work, short supporting legs are attached to them.

Various designs of multi-gable roofs

Important. Due to the fact that the main load will be directed to the diagonal rafters, they must be strengthened.

For this, boards of a similar size are used, which are attached to each other.
At the top, the rafters are connected with a ridge. It is made independently from timber or boards. You can buy a ready-made product of this type.

Already on the installed rafters, a crate of wooden boards is mounted. They can be of any size.
Advice. To increase the strength and reliability of the roofing structure, it is necessary to make crate cells with dimensions of no more than 50x50 cm.

If the front of the roof is being constructed at the same time as the roof frame, then it must be refined with wooden planks.

Today, houses with a multi-gable roof have become quite common. Such buildings are distinguished by a very original design. But not everyone will undertake to build a multi-gable structure, since only special construction companies can do it. The cost of such services is quite high, so not every owner can afford to build such a structure. However, the results exceed all expectations. Let's see what are the features of such a roof and how does it differ from others?

Peculiarities

The multi-gable roof is a rather complex structure that includes many structural elements (slopes, gables, ribs, valleys, etc.).

3. It is necessary to correctly distribute the loads of the load-bearing beams and rafters on the walls of the house, since they guarantee the stability of the roof. It is important to understand that the smaller the distance between the rafters and the beams, the stronger the roof.

Materials for building a house

Since the multi-gable roof exerts heavy loads on the structure, experts advise building houses from durable and reliable materials:

shell rock;
bricks;
aerated concrete;
foam block.

Sometimes wood is also used: rounded or profiled timber. Houses in such cases, in order to withstand the load of the roof, must have large dimensions and many supporting structures.

To increase the service life of the building, a number of works are carried out to strengthen it. For example, the foundation of the house is initially strengthened. Ditches are dug along the perimeter of the finished base, concrete is poured using reinforcement. reinforced with similar materials or special pre-fabricated metal structures that can be quickly and easily mounted on the inner and outer corners of the building.

Multi-gable roof: construction

For the correct design of such a project, you should carefully study its structure. The structure consists of:

inclined slopes;
rafters;
mauerlat;
lathing;
inclined and horizontal ribs;
ends;
skate;
groove;
drain;
overhang.

Multi-gable roof: rafter system

Since the structure of such a roof is quite complex, special attention should be paid to its drawing. This requires:

measure all sizes;
choose a slope for the roof;
determine the type of rafter system;
calculate the rafters;
mark the locations of valleys, skates, ribs, uprights, puffs, girders, stops and other elements of the rafter system.

The basis of the multi-gable roof is the Mauerlat. For its construction, bars are used, the size of which is 15x15 cm or 10x15 cm. The length is about 1.5 m. It is laid on top of a concrete or brick wall and looks like a connected rigid frame. The Mauerlat is attached to the outer walls with metal galvanized pins installed in an armored belt. Rafters (inclined or hanging) are made of boards, the cross-section of which is 5x15 m. At the junction of the slopes, inclined and diagonal rafters are mounted.Since the main load will be directed precisely to the diagonal rafters, they should be reinforced with boards of the same size. From above, the rafters are connected to each other with a ridge, which can be bought ready-made or made from boards or timber yourself. On the already installed rafters from the boards, a crate is mounted. To increase the strength and reliability of the structure, the lathing cells are made no more than 50x50 cm.

Arrangement of multi-panel roofing

After the construction of the frame, they begin to isolate the structure. For these purposes, a simple plastic film is used, which is laid on the floors with an approach to the Mauerlat.

Depending on the type of roof finish chosen, the base is made. For example, sheet slate can be placed directly on the crate. To mount a soft roof, you will need OSB sheets or plywood. They are fixed on the roof frame, the material is laid out on top. In this case, the insulation and insulation of the structure is made from the inside.

Many give their preference to metal tiles. But due to the low rates of sound insulation, thermal conductivity and other disadvantages of this material, it will be necessary to carry out high-quality insulation of the roof.

Before deciding to build such a roof, think carefully - are you ready to fork out in the name of beauty? This roof does not carry any special benefit, but it also has no serious drawbacks.

For those who are planning to build a house and want to turn it into a real work of art, the multi-gable roof will make it possible to embody the most original fantasies in this matter. Multi-gable roofs of houses quickly won the hearts of those who love something sophisticated and have a sufficient amount of money, because this type of roof is not cheap.

Multi-gable roof - advantages and disadvantages

You can often hear that this type of roof is used exclusively in the construction of square houses, but this is a myth. It happens that all sorts of rooms are being completed to the house, and it takes on an awkward shape. In this case, the multi-gable roof completely transforms the appearance of the house - it looks very impressive!

As for reliability, the multi-gable roof device is very strong, but only if the installation of the rafter system is done correctly. If you are not an expert, then it is better to turn to experienced builders.

There is a lot of space under a multi-gable roof, you can make a roomy attic or equip a luxurious attic, often for the sake of it, such a roof is built to provide good lighting.

Important: when erecting a multi-gable roof, you cannot equip the entire room as a residential one - you need to select a part in which there will be a ventilated room, separate from the heated one.

Among the disadvantages are:

High cost. Waste wood consumption, you need to constantly cut, trim, and as a result, some of the material is simply thrown away. The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is difficult to install, respectively, the craftsmen take a substantial amount for the work.

High risk of leaks. A feature of such a roof is the many slopes, and the places where they intersect are called endovs - the most vulnerable spots of the roof. Large streams of water pass there, and if you do not pay attention to the high-quality insulation of these joints, then at the first opportunity they will flow.

Multi-gable roof elements

The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is the same as that of other roofs - mauerlat, rafter legs, ridge, grooves for water drainage, lathing and more inclined ribs with additional racks. All this is fastened together with metal fasteners.

The difference from the standard roof is the presence of ends, gutters, many ribs and slopes.

It was said about the ends above - these are the depressions that form at the junction of the slopes, they are also the gutters. The ribs are also the joints of two slopes, only they go not inward, but outward. It is in these elements that all the "sweetness" is, because it is they who form the tongs and the multiplicity of hips (slopes), giving the roof such a special look.

Types of multi-gable roofs

In architectural terms, a hip roof can be given the most pretentious look. Here is where to show imagination and surprise with the unusual form.

Multi-gable roofs are the most popular type. Despite the fact that such a design requires careful fastening with correct load distribution. Pointed corners give the structure austerity and laconic completeness. Any country house with such a roof looks rich and original.

Semi-gabled roofing is also a fairly common type. The installation is a little easier. A characteristic feature of this species is the "smooth" corners. The roof looks smooth and elegant, somewhat reminiscent of a tent. It is only at first glance that it seems more modest than the previous view, if you approach its construction creatively, it can turn out to be unusually beautiful.

Rafter system

Simply put, the rafter system of a multi-gable roof is two gable roofs that are connected to each other at an angle of 90 degrees.

Due to the large weight and complexity of the structure, both types of rafter systems are used in the construction of such a roof - hanging and layered, and also create

multi-gable roof scheme

A few words about how to build a multi-gabled roof with your own hands:

On the Mauerlat, with a section of 150x150 mm and a length of 1.5 m, rafters of 150x50 mm are attached.

The rafters are fastened at the top with a ridge of the desired section, then the structure is reinforced by installing intermediate runs.

Since in this structure there are places where two roofs are connected, additional rafters need to be made there in order to attach the rafters to them.

multi-gable roof - drawing

When all the posts and fixings are in place, a layer of waterproofing film must be laid.

The lathing is made from boards measuring 32x100 mm. You can bars 50x50.

Important: before installing the rafter system, you need to correctly calculate the slope of the slopes and the load on the rafters so that the structure is strong. It is advisable for a specialist to do this. In addition, the climatic location is important - if a lot of precipitation is foreseen, then the inclination of the hips should be maximum so that water and snow do not linger. It is necessary to take care of the ends - to clean off snow and debris from them.

Be that as it may, experts do not recommend starting the construction of a multi-gable roof on your own. If only because, the material will cost you a pretty penny and it will be a shame if nothing works out. Of course, the masters will also take a lot, but in the end you will be pleased with the beauty and reliability of an architectural masterpiece.

Video

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The article will talk about the types of multi-gable roofing. Above a square-shaped house, such a roof usually has many gables, gables and ribs. The gable is the top of the wall bounded by two ramps. It is never separated from the bottom by the cornice.

If the top of the wall is separated from the lower part by a cornice, this is no longer a gable, but. In general, a gable roof is two planes resting on the walls, while bounded by gables or gables from the ends of the house.

What is a multi-gable roof

Installation of multi-gable roofs occurs on houses with a complicated layout, as well as when covering extensions, side lighting of the attic, gables above the entrance.

The hipped roof is not complete without the presence of valleys. Everyone who wants to build just such a roof needs to know that such a roof involves ventilation of the attic and complete isolation from the heated premises.

The device of a multi-gable roof requires rather large expenses for the roof. In addition, a lot of roofing waste remains after the work.

Mauerlat is a wooden block with dimensions of 150x150 or 150x100 mm. It is possible to use one and a half meter bars (read: ""). Rafters for such roofs are assembled from dried pine beams with a section of 150x50 mm.

The construction of the rafter system involves the use of layered or hanging rafters. Their choice depends on the absence or presence of a larger number of supports, on the structure of the roof. In her device, there can be both types of rafters at once.

In the places of articulation of gable roofs, it is necessary to install diagonal or slant rafter legs. They will hold the shortened rafter legs, or wedges. Due to the very strong load on the diagonal rafters, they will need to be rallied into several boards.

From above, the rafters are connected by ridge girders made of connected timber or planks. If necessary, several intermediate runs should be installed at once.

A little advice ! After the rafter system of the complex roof has been installed, the laying of the waterproofing film (strips) directed perpendicular to the slope begins. The overlap must be at least 15 cm. All joints must be glued with a connecting tape.

Focus your attention on the places where the valleys are located, because streams of water will descend along them.

The rafter system of the frame house, after the completion of the waterproofing installation, is sheathed with counter-lattice bars. To carry out this work, you need bars or boards with a section of 50x50 and 32x100 mm, respectively. The grating should be carried out in strict accordance with the instructions for the purchased coating (read: "").

Possible types of roofs for your home, details on the video:

How to make a multi-gable roof?

Almost all homeowners want to know how to create a multi-gable roof.

This type of roof is quite complex. When deciding to create such a structure, part of the fragments of the building's roof can be gable variations connected together. This option creates an amazing impression.

For example, do-it-yourself rafters from a profile pipe are erected in several stages:

Take the dimensions of the building;
Calculate the length and section of the timber for the rafters;
Place valleys, stops and skates;
Install the Mauerlat (it should be a kind of roof base and run along the perimeter of the walls;
Install and fix the rafters made of laminated veneer lumber with saws or nails on the Mauerlat;
Install the lathing, waterproofing layer, roof covering, heat and vapor barrier.

The structures of this type of roof are pitched roofs with surfaces inclined to the outer walls. This arrangement of the sides ensures the drainage of rain and melt water.

The choice of slope follows from the climatic conditions of the region where the building is located, as well as architectural requirements and roofing material. Sometimes the slope angle is even right.

The construction term "multi-gable roof" defines a roof structure of a house that has several gables or gables more than one. The multi-gable roof rafter is designed as a complex rafter rafter system. Thus, if there are several gables or gables near the wall of the building, the roof of such a structure can be called multi-gable. Original roofing systems can be found not only on historical sites, in old manors or castles. The building fashion has shifted the demand for multi-gable roofs to the present time, and now most private cottages are built with such roofs. Companies offer customers a wide variety of projects of complex truss systems, which are the basis of gable roofs, even if the structure is expensive.

Functional load of a multi-gable roof

Such a roof performs many tasks - from technical and operational to aesthetic and design. Therefore, the project must be worked out in all directions, all the elements and details of the gable roof with their own hands must have high accuracy and reliability. It is also advisable to make design changes to the project that make the roof of the house different from other structures.

Even a standard gable roof with two gables can be classified as a multi-gable structure, but the roof will be called a double gable. When developing a roofing system with paired gables or gables, the roof acquires a complex multi-gable orientation.

The complex rafter system of a multi-gable roof is quite realizable on its own, provided that all building rules and recommendations are followed. Before the final choice of the project scheme, you should at least superficially familiarize yourself with the different options for arranging multi-gable roofs, the photos of which are presented below in the figures:

A complex multi-gable roof has the right to live in the following non-standard situations:

If the style of the building requires compliance with the solidity of the architectural composition;
If one or more buildings are attached to the main building;
If it is decided to decorate a rectangular or square house with additional pediments;
When building recessed windows, loggias, balconies on the roof;
If the requirements for the attic do not provide for enhanced natural daylight;
Also, a multi-gable roof is erected in houses with a large number of residential and technical premises. These can be low-rise residential buildings or a one-story house with a large area. large area.

Pros and cons of the design

The architecture of the building only benefits from the construction of a multi-girder truss system.

The advantages of such a structure are enough to make a choice in its favor:

The uniqueness, originality, aesthetics and harmony of a building with a multi-gable roof are immediately visible;
The design is reliable and durable precisely due to its complexity - multidirectional fastenings of rafters and gables due to numerous stiffeners neutralize all types of loads - lateral, impulse, shock, weight and wind, and also negates the influence of atmospheric phenomena, such as heavy snow or hail. Snow influxes will not be held on steep roof slopes, therefore, it is necessary to design a reliable storm sewer with a large flow capacity;
The presence of several gables is a great opportunity to equip one or more additional living or technical premises on the upper floor;

Negative points affecting the choice of the project:

The high cost of the system due to the large amount of building materials, complex construction work and construction time;
The construction of such a system involves a lot of scraps of roofing materials, and other waste of building materials;
The complex geometry of the roof makes it necessary to calculate the dimensions of parts with a high degree of accuracy, for which it is easier to use an online calculator. It is not recommended for non-professionals to mount the structure - it is safer to contact a regional construction company;
high-quality waterproofing is needed, especially at internal joints;
Great pressure on the valley in winter.

Nuances of construction

Typical designs of houses with a multi-gable roof include a pitched rafter system with a slope towards the walls of the building. This allows you to effortlessly drain rain and snow. The structural elements that make up the roofing device are as follows:

A ramp is a piece of the roof without bends and turns;
Gable (pediment) - the upper fragment of the outer wall, the boundaries of which are determined by the roof slopes. There is an insignificant difference between the pediment and the gable: the gables do not have a cornice at the bottom;
Endova (gutter) - internal corner joints of the roof, which appear at the joints of the slopes. At the end of the valley ends at the border of the pediment. Endova is the most loaded part of the roof structure, as snow and rain flows constantly collect in the inner corners (see photo above). During construction work, it is she who needs to be given special attention in order to avoid problems associated with the appearance of leaks in the future.
Rib (ridge - a horizontally located joint, which is formed when adjacent slopes are connected;
The overhang ensures the connection of a roof fragment with a width of 300-500 mm. The main function of the overhang is to protect the building from rain and snow, the maximum possible drainage of rain and melt water;
The drainage system removes water from the roof to the drainage system;
An abutment is a fragment of the junction of the slopes with the outer wall.

Skate;
Gable detail - wind or end rail;
Lower valley;
Upper valley;
Dripper - cornice bar;
Snow bar;
Adjacent strip;
Ventilation shaft cover;
Low tide on the window;
Gable L-strip for outer corners of the roof;
Soffit;
Ventkanal, sheathed with a professional sheet;
Attic window;
Wall-mounted J-channel;
The drain.

Step-by-step process for erecting a multi-gable roof

The assembly of the multi-gable roof is carried out in compliance with the requirements specified in the project. The steps are as follows:

First, it is necessary to systematize data on the climate in the region - climatic data - they will be useful in calculations and in the preparation of project documentation;
Project development and calculation of building materials, project budgeting. This step is quite difficult to complete on your own, so do not skimp - put the work in the hands of professionals. It is also recommended to preliminarily compile a list of construction materials, their quantity and approximate dimensions;
The first practical step is to install the Mauerlat along the perimeter of the outer walls of the house;
Installation of vertical supports and fastening of horizontal running beams to form a ridge;
Assembly of support beams that determine the shape of the transition and joining of the slopes;
The rafter structure is reinforced with struts for a more even distribution of loads;
Fastening of parts is carried out with metal hardware - steel plates, brackets, threaded studs or anchors;
On the rafters on the outside, a frame is assembled from rails for attaching the roofing material.

The structure of the frame is determined by the choice of the roof covering. When installing a soft roof, it is better to mount a solid frame, without gaps. If the roof will be covered with rigid roofing materials (metal, profiled sheet, corrugated board), it is allowed to make gaps in the frame between slats or boards.

Protection against moisture and heat loss

Waterproofing materials in rolls are very easy to roll out into strips and are attached with an overlap (overlap - 100-150 mm), perpendicular to the slope. The joints of the rolls are sealed with a special adhesive tape or construction tape. Joints and seams on valleys must be sealed especially carefully - with two or three layers of tape or adhesive tape.

If the laying of the waterproofing layers took place with violations of the technological process, using low quality materials, then you should expect the corresponding consequences - moisture will collect under the roof, the thermal insulation layer of the roof will get wet, wooden beams and rafters will rot and mold.

A couple of decades ago, the most popular materials for waterproofing roofs were glassine and roofing felt, but time and technology do not stand still. Innovative waterproofing membrane coatings (films) are able not only to maintain their operational characteristics much longer, but also to comply with the requirements for environmental friendliness and safety of people living in the house.

When assembling a multi-gable roof, additional unoccupied space appears in the attic, and it is possible to equip living or technical utility rooms in it. In view of this additional opportunity to expand the space, the roof must be well insulated and protected from atmospheric moisture. Mineral wool and other similar insulation materials are an ideal solution for complex roofs, as they can take any shape. A layer of soft heat insulator prevents the formation of "cold bridges" - it is in them that moisture first appears. Basalt or glass are best suited for the manufacture of mineral-based thermal insulation. The advantages of these materials for surface insulation are obvious:

Low weight of insulation;
High fire safety and fire resistance (NG group);
Environmental friendliness of operation.

Mineral wool also absorbs noise, which is important for all residents of the house.

How much does it cost to build a multi-gable roof

Drawing up a project, calculating estimates and the amount of building materials, time and labor costs - all these parameters can be calculated with a high degree of accuracy only by professionals. An independent approach to such a responsible business can result in significant monetary losses. Therefore, you should not save on the services of specialists - your costs will be repaid a hundredfold.

If the structures are designed and built in compliance with GOST and SNiP, then the result will be as follows:

The house will look neat and beautiful, I spit the design that is not encountered by anyone will make it unique;
Long-term resistance of the roof to atmospheric phenomena and other loads is ensured;
Housing will acquire additional vacant premises, which you can arrange at your discretion.

The costs of building a multi-gable roof and carrying out preparatory work (drawing up a project and other necessary documentation) depend on the quality and cost of consumables, the complexity of assembling structures, and the level of employment of workers. Therefore, the approximate cost can be determined only after fulfilling all the preconditions for construction - calculation of materials, design, hiring a team of professional workers.