Cloth for metal for manual hacksaw gost. Hacksaw blade. Transportation and storage

INTERSTATE STANDARD

HACKSAW BLADES

FOR METAL

TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

Official edition

IPK PUBLISHING STANDARDS Moscow

INTERSTATE STANDARD

HACKSAW BLADES FOR METAL

Technical conditions

Saw blades for metal cutting.

ISS 25.100.40 OKP 39 2540

Date of introduction 07/01/87

This standard applies to hand-held and machine-made hacksaw blades for metal (hereinafter referred to as blades).

The requirements of this standard in part of sect. 1, 2, 4, 5 and 3.2 are mandatory, other requirements are recommended.

1. TYPES AND BASIC DIMENSIONS

1.1. Cloths must be made of types:

1 - manual; 2 - machine; executions:

A - with the location of the teeth on one side of the blade;

B - with the arrangement of teeth on both sides of the blade.

Blades of type 2 are produced only in versions A.

1.2. The dimensions of the canvases must correspond to those indicated in the drawing. 1, 2 and in table. 12.

Execution A

Official edition

Reprinting prohibited

Table 1

Designation	babysitting

Continuation of table. 1

Designation	babysitting

* Sizes of canvases correspond to ISO 2336-80 (see Appendix 2).

Note. It is allowed, by agreement with the consumer, to make fabrics with a length of 1 \ 350 and 400 mm with a diameter of fixing holes d = 10.2 mm.

An example of a conventional designation of a cloth of execution A, dimensions / [= 400 mm, s = 1.60 mm, P = 4.00 mm, b = 32 mm:

Hacksaw blade 2800-0044 GOST 6645-86

Execution B

* It is allowed to manufacture canvases with bore holes of 6 mm in diameter and 25 mm in width.

table 2

Designation	Applicability

An example of a conventional designation of a canvas with dimensions s = 0.63 mm, P = 1.00 mm:

Hacksaw blade 2800-0079 GOST 6645-86

(Changed edition, Amendments No. 1, 2, 3).

1.3. The geometric parameters of the canvases are indicated in Appendix 1.

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. The canvases must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to working drawings, approved in the prescribed manner.

2.2. Cloths must be made:

type 1 - from steel strip in accordance with GOST 23522, from high-speed steel in accordance with GOST 19265, from steel grade H6VF in accordance with GOST 5950. Manufactured from steel grade B2F in accordance with GOST 5950 is allowed by agreement with the consumer;

type 2 - from high-speed steel in accordance with GOST 19265. It is allowed to manufacture from other grades of high-speed steel, ensuring the durability of blades not lower than that of those made of steel in accordance with GOST 19265.

2.3. The canvases should be thermally treated in accordance with the instructions in the drawing. 3 and in table. 3.

Option 1

Option 2

* Allowed 60 mm for canvases with a distribution along the entire length of the blade. ** / s = 0.5 (1 2 - / 1) + 0.5d.

Table 3

2.4. The surfaces of the canvases should be free of cracks, captivity, scale and corrosion. Defects are allowed, the depth or height of which does not exceed the standards established for the tape according to GOST 23522 or sheet according to technical conditions.

2.5. Hacksaw blades must have one of the following coatings: NTs-25 enamel in accordance with GOST 5406, NTs-132 in accordance with GOST 6631, Khim.Oks.prm. and other coatings that ensure the safety and appearance of the surface.

2.6. Blades must have a set of teeth:

for type 1:

on the canvas (Fig. 4);

along two adjacent teeth through one undisturbed (Fig. 5); for type 2:

for each tooth or through a tooth;

along two adjacent through one undiluted (Fig. 5).

2.7. The web routing should be along the entire length of the web or end at a distance of (35 + 5) mm for type 2 canvases and 30 mm for type 1 canvases from the end.

The value of the setting of the teeth should be 1.25-1.8 of the blade thickness for canvases with setting along the blade; the wiring pitch should be equal to 8P, but not more than 8 mm.

For blades with a tooth setting, the tooth setting on the side should not be more than 0.15-0.25 of the blade thickness.

2.8. Limit deviations of the dimensions of the canvas, mm:

length 1 \ ...........

hole diameter d. widths for type:

1 at b: 12.5 mm. ...

2 at 1 \\ up to 400 mm

St. 400 mm pitch for type:

± 0.45Р per 10 mm length

2.9. The tolerance of the symmetry of the axes of the holes relative to the axis of symmetry of the width of the blade for canvases of type 1-1 mm, for canvases of type 2 - 1.4 mm.

2.10. The straightness tolerance of the sides of the web in the free state in the longitudinal direction per 100 mm of length is 0.5 mm for type 1 and 0.3 mm for type 2.

2.11. The tolerance of the lateral straightness of the lateral sides in the transverse direction over the entire width of the undisturbed part of the type 1 web should not exceed for canvases with a spread along the web - half the difference in the value of the spread and the thickness of the web measured on the undiluted part, for canvases with a spread along the tooth - the value of the tooth spread on the side ...

The tolerance of straightness in the transverse direction over the entire width of the undisturbed part of the type 2 blade should not exceed 0.8 of the tooth set per side.

2.12. The difference in height between the tops of adjacent blade teeth should not exceed: 0.1 mm for blades with a tooth pitch of up to 1.4 mm; 0.15 mm for canvases with St. 1.4 mm.

Allowed by agreement with the consumer for blades of type 1 with a tooth pitch of more than 1 mm, the difference in height of adjacent teeth is 0.15 mm.

2.4-2.12. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.13. Straightness tolerance of the blade tooth tops line, mm:

for canvases of type 1, execution A - 1.4;

for other canvases:

at 1 \ up to 350 mm - 1.0;

at 1 \ sv. 350 to 600 mm - 1.5;

at 1 \ sv. 600 mm - 2.5.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 2).

2.14. Maximum deviations of the thickness of the hacksaw blade must: correspond to the maximum deviation of the source material - according to the upper deviation; by the lower deviation - do not exceed the maximum deviation of the source material for

type 1 blades - by 0.05 mm, for type 2 blades - by 0.1 mm.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.15. Average and 95% durability under test conditions specified in Sec. 4, must be at least, min:

for type 1 canvases:

98 and 42 - from high speed steel;

60 and 24 - from tool alloy steel;

123 and 64 - for type 2 canvases.

Note. For a tool made of high-speed steel grades with a content of alloying elements less than in steel grade P6M5, the correction factor for the average and specified durability period is 0.8.

2.16. The criterion for bluntness of the canvases is the loss of productivity, expressed by the time of cutting the workpiece along the sections indicated in table. 4, which should not exceed, min:

for type 1 blades made of high speed steel:

with a pitch of teeth 0.8 - 1.4 mm ................................. 1.4

with a tooth pitch of 1.6 mm ..................................... 4.0

with a pitch of teeth 0.8 - 1.4 mm ................................. 1.6

with a tooth pitch of 1.6 mm ..................................... 5.0

for canvases of type 2 ....................................... 5,25

2.17. Each canvas must be clearly marked: the trade mark of the manufacturer;

web width; blade pitch;

steel grade (steel grade 11RZAMEF2 is not marked).

(Modified edition, Amendments No. 1, 2).

2.18. (Deleted, Amendment No. 2).

2.19. Other requirements for packaging, labeling of shipping and consumer containers are in accordance with GOST 18088.

3. ACCEPTANCE

3.1. Acceptance - in accordance with GOST 23726.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 2).

3.2. Tests of canvases for an average durability period should be carried out once every three years on at least 5 sheets, for a 95% durability period - once a year on at least 5 sheets.

Tests of canvases should be carried out on one standard size from each type of canvases.

(Modified edition, Amendments No. 1, 2).

4. CONTROL METHODS

4.1. The appearance control is carried out visually.

4.2. When controlling the parameters of the canvases, methods and means of control should be used, the error of which should be no more than:

values specified in GOST 8.051 - when measuring linear dimensions;

35% of the value of the tolerance for the checked angle - when measuring angles;

25% of the value of the tolerance for the checked parameter - when controlling the shape and location of surfaces.

4.3. The dimensions of the blades and the difference in height between the tops of two adjacent teeth of the blade are measured before the teeth are set.

4.4. The hardness of the canvases is measured according to GOST 9013.

4.5. Blades of type 1 are checked for sharpness of teeth and elasticity before testing for resistance:

The sharpness of the blade teeth must ensure adhesion to the 56 HRC 3 control plate.

The elasticity of the webs is tested by bending the webs in both directions around a cylinder with a diameter of 250 mm. After testing, the canvases should not have cracks and residual deformations that go beyond the values of the maximum deviations specified in clause 2.10.

4.1-4.5. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.6. Tests of blades for working capacity of the average and 95% periods of durability should be carried out on hacksaw machines corresponding to the standards of accuracy and rigidity established for them, on samples of steel grade 45 according to GOST 1050, hardness 180.. ... 190 HB.

4.7. Tests of canvases should be carried out in the modes indicated in table. 4.

Table 4

* Static force when the cut sample is located in the middle of the length of the section of the test blade and the crank pin at the top of the disk.

** With disconnected connecting rod and hydraulic drive.

*** It is allowed to carry out tests on samples with a cross section of 12x12 mm. In this case, performance tests are carried out with seven cuts. The time of the seventh cut is equal to the product of the correction factor 1.65 times the time of the tenth cut when testing a sample with a section of 10 x 10 mm.

The correction factor for the bluntness criterion is 1.65.

Note. During the return stroke, the force on the blade is not relieved.

4.6-4.7. (Modified edition, Amendments No. 1, 2).

4.8. When testing blades of type 2, a 5% (by weight) solution of emulsol in water with a flow rate of 6-8 l / min should be used as a cutting fluid.

4.9. The performance tests of the canvases should be carried out with ten cuts, while the time of the last cut should not exceed, min:

for type 1 canvases

made of high speed steel:

0.7 - with a pitch of teeth 0.8-1.4 mm;

2.0 - with a tooth pitch of 1.6 mm;

made of tool alloy steel:

0.8 - with a pitch of teeth 0.8-1.4 mm;

2.5 - with a tooth pitch of 1.6 mm;

3.5 - for canvases of type 2.

Note. For blades made of high-speed steel with a content of alloying elements less than in steel R6M5, the correction factor for the time of the tenth cut is 1.15.

4.8, 4.9. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.10. After testing the canvases for performance, there should be no kinks; they must be suitable for further work.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 1).

4.11. The acceptance values of the average and 95% durability periods must be at least

for type 1 canvases

115 and 50 - from high speed steel;

70 and 28 - from tool alloy steel;

145 and 75 - for type 2.

Note. With an increase in the width of the routing to 1.8 s, the correction factor for the time of 10 cuts and the bluntness criterion is 1.15; for the average and established periods of durability - 1.1.

(Modified edition, Amendments No. 1, 2).

5. TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

5.1. Transportation and storage of canvases - in accordance with GOST 18088.

Section 5. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF THE TEETH OF THE BELT

Rake angle y = 0 °.

APPENDIX 1. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

APPENDIX 2 Reference

CONFORMITY OF THIS STANDARD WITH STANDARD ISO 2336-80

The dimensions of hand and machine hacksaw blades with teeth on one side of the blade and their maximum deviations established in this standard fully cover the range of sizes of hacksaw blades according to ISO 2336-80. The dimensions of the hacksaw blades according to ISO 2336-80 are noted in table. 1 of this standard with a *.

This standard expands the range of sizes for hand and machine saw blades with teeth on one side, in addition, hand saws with teeth on two sides are included in the standard.

In addition, the requirements for material, heat treatment, coating of cloths, for the precision parameters of cloths, for setting the teeth, for the reliability of cloths, for the rules of acceptance, methods for controlling cloths, for marking, packaging, transportation and storage are also included.

APPENDIX 2 (Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Ministry of Machine-Tool and Tool Industry of the USSR

2. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED INTO EFFECT by the Resolution of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated 07.30.86 No. 2294

3. The standard fully complies with ISO 2336-80

4. The standard fully complies with ST SEV 6977-90

5. REPLACE GOST 6645-68

6. REFERENCE REGULATORY AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

	Item number
GOST 8.051-81
GOST 1050-88
GOST 5406-84
GOST 5950-2000
GOST 6631-74
GOST 9013-59
GOST 18088-83
GOST 19265-73
GOST 23522-79
GOST 23726-79

7. The limitation of the validity period was lifted by the Decree of the State Standard of the USSR dated 09.04.91 No. 463

8. EDITION (September 2004) with Amendments No. 1, 2, 3, approved in April 1989, April 1991, April 1992 (IUS 7-89, 7-91, 7-92)

Editor L.V. Koretnikova Technical editor O.N. Vlasova Proofreader V.S.Chernaya DTP by S.V. Ryabova

Ed. persons. No. 02354 dated 14.07.2000. Put in the set 09/30/2004. Signed for printing on 25.10.2004. Service l. 1.40. Academic and Publishing House 0.85.

Circulation 95 copies. 4338. Zak. 858.

IPK Standards Publishing House, 107076 Moscow, Kolodezny per., 14. e-mail:

Typeset in the Publishing House on a PC

Printed at the branch of the IPK Publishing house of standards - type. "Moscow printer", 105062 Moscow, Lyalin per., 6.

INTERSTATE STANDARD

HACKSAW BLADES

FOR METAL

TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

Official edition

IPK PUBLISHING STANDARDS Moscow

INTERSTATE STANDARD

HACKSAW BLADES FOR METAL

Technical conditions

Saw blades for metal cutting.

ISS 25.100.40 OKP 39 2540

Date of introduction 07/01/87

This standard applies to hand-held and machine-made hacksaw blades for metal (hereinafter referred to as blades).

The requirements of this standard in part of sect. 1, 2, 4, 5 and 3.2 are mandatory, other requirements are recommended.

1. TYPES AND BASIC DIMENSIONS

1.1. Cloths must be made of types:

1 - manual; 2 - machine; executions:

A - with the location of the teeth on one side of the blade;

B - with the arrangement of teeth on both sides of the blade.

Blades of type 2 are produced only in versions A.

Official edition

1.2. The dimensions of the canvases must correspond to those indicated in the drawing. 1, 2 and in table. 12.

Reprinting prohibited

Editor L.V. Koretnikova Technical editor O.N. Vlasova Proofreader V.S.Chernaya DTP by S.V. Ryabova

Ed. persons. No. 02354 dated 14.07.2000. Put in the set 09/30/2004. Signed for printing on 25.10.2004. Service l. 1.40. Academic and Publishing House 0.85.

Circulation 95 copies. 4338. Zak. 858.

IPK Standards Publishing House, 107076 Moscow, Kolodezny per., 14. http://www.standards.ru e-mail: [email protected]

Typeset in the Publishing house on a PC Printed in the IPK branch Publishing house of standards - type. "Moscow printer", 105062 Moscow, Lyalin per., 6.

Plr No. 080102

Table 1

Designation	babysitting

Continuation of table. 1

Designation	babysitting

* Sizes of canvases correspond to ISO 2336-80 (see Appendix 2).

Note. It is allowed, by agreement with the consumer, to make fabrics with a length of 1 \ 350 and 400 mm with a diameter of fixing holes d = 10.2 mm.

An example of a conventional designation of a cloth of execution A, dimensions / [= 400 mm, s = 1.60 mm, P = 4.00 mm, b = 32 mm:

* It is allowed to manufacture canvases with bore holes of 6 mm in diameter and 25 mm in width.

table 2

Designation	Applicability

Example of conditional P = 1.00 mm:

designation of the canvas with dimensions s = 0.63 mm,

(Changed edition, Amendments No. 1, 2, 3).

1.3. The geometric parameters of the canvases are indicated in Appendix 1.

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. The canvases must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard according to working drawings, approved in the prescribed manner.

2.2. Cloths must be made:

type 1 - from steel strip in accordance with GOST 23522, from high-speed steel in accordance with GOST 19265, from steel grade X6VF in accordance with GOST 5950. It is allowed, upon agreement with the consumer, to be manufactured from steel grade В2Ф in accordance with GOST 5950;

type 2 - made of high-speed steel in accordance with GOST 19265. It is allowed to manufacture from other grades of high-speed steel, ensuring the durability of blades not lower than that of those made of steel in accordance with GOST 19265.

Option 2

2.3. The canvases should be thermally treated in accordance with the instructions in the drawing. 3 and in table. 3.

Table 3

Heat treatment zone	Blade type	Hardness	steel grade
Heat treatment zone	Blade type		steel grade
1 - increased			High speed, instrumental
hardness			High speed
2 - low hardness			High speed
			Instrumental
			High speed

2.6. Blades must have a set of teeth:

for type 1:

on the canvas (Fig. 4);

along two adjacent teeth through one undisturbed (Fig. 5); for type 2:

for each tooth or through a tooth;

along two adjacent through one undiluted (Fig. 5).

2.7. The web routing should be along the entire length of the web or end at a distance of (35 + 5) mm for type 2 canvases and 30 mm for type 1 canvases from the end.

The value of the setting of the teeth should be 1.25-1.8 of the blade thickness for canvases with setting along the blade; the wiring pitch should be equal to 8P, but not more than 8 mm.

For blades with a tooth setting, the tooth setting on the side should not be more than 0.15-0.25 of the blade thickness.

length 1 \ ...........

hole diameter d. widths for type:

1 at b: 12.5 mm. ...

2 at 1 \\ up to 400 mm

St. 400 mm pitch for type:

2.8. Limit deviations of the dimensions of the canvas, mm:

± 0.45Р per 10 mm length

2.9. The tolerance of the symmetry of the axes of the holes relative to the axis of symmetry of the width of the blade for canvases of type 1-1 mm, for canvases of type 2 - 1.4 mm.

2.10. The straightness tolerance of the sides of the web in the free state in the longitudinal direction per 100 mm of length is 0.5 mm for type 1 and 0.3 mm for type 2.

The tolerance of straightness in the transverse direction over the entire width of the undisturbed part of the type 2 blade should not exceed 0.8 of the tooth set per side.

2.12. The difference in height between the tops of adjacent blade teeth should not exceed: 0.1 mm for blades with a tooth pitch of up to 1.4 mm; 0.15 mm for canvases with St. 1.4 mm.

Allowed by agreement with the consumer for blades of type 1 with a tooth pitch of more than 1 mm, the difference in height of adjacent teeth is 0.15 mm.

2.4-2.12. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.13. Straightness tolerance of the blade tooth tops line, mm:

for canvases of type 1, execution A - 1.4;

for other canvases:

at 1 \ up to 350 mm - 1.0;

at 1 \ sv. 350 to 600 mm - 1.5;

at 1 \ sv. 600 mm - 2.5.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 2).

type 1 blades - by 0.05 mm, for type 2 blades - by 0.1 mm.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.15. Average and 95% durability under test conditions specified in Sec. 4, must be at least, min:

for type 1 canvases:

98 and 42 - from high speed steel;

60 and 24 - from tool alloy steel;

123 and 64 - for type 2 canvases.

Note. For a tool made of high-speed steel grades with a content of alloying elements less than in steel grade P6M5, the correction factor for the average and specified durability period is 0.8.

2.16. The criterion for bluntness of the canvases is the loss of productivity, expressed by the time of cutting the workpiece along the sections indicated in table. 4, which should not exceed, min:

for type 1 blades made of high speed steel:

with a pitch of teeth 0.8 - 1.4 mm ................................. 1.4

with a tooth pitch of 1.6 mm ..................................... 4.0

with a pitch of teeth 0.8 - 1.4 mm ................................. 1.6

with a tooth pitch of 1.6 mm ..................................... 5.0

for canvases of type 2 ....................................... 5,25

2.17. Each canvas must be clearly marked: the trade mark of the manufacturer;

web width; blade pitch;

steel grade (steel grade 11RZAMEF2 is not marked).

(Modified edition, Amendments No. 1, 2).

2.18. (Deleted, Amendment No. 2).

2.19. Other requirements for packaging, labeling of shipping and consumer containers are in accordance with GOST 18088.

3. ACCEPTANCE

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 2).

3.2. Tests of canvases for an average durability period should be carried out once every three years on at least 5 sheets, for a 95% durability period - once a year on at least 5 sheets.

Tests of canvases should be carried out on one standard size from each type of canvases.

(Modified edition, Amendments No. 1, 2).

4. CONTROL METHODS

4.1. The appearance control is carried out visually.

4.2. When controlling the parameters of the canvases, methods and means of control should be used, the error of which should be no more than:

4.5. Blades of type 1 are checked for sharpness of teeth and elasticity before testing for resistance:

The sharpness of the blade teeth must ensure adhesion to the 56 HRC 3 control plate.

4.1-4.5. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.6. Tests of blades for working capacity, average and 95% durability periods should be carried out on hacksaw machines that meet the established standards of accuracy and rigidity, on samples of grade 45 steel in accordance with GOST 1050, hardness 180.. ... 190 HB.

4.7. Tests of canvases should be carried out in the modes indicated in table. 4.

Table 4

Tooth pitch Р, mm	Number of double strokes with a stroke length of 150 mm	Effort of the blade on the cut sample, N (kgf)	Sample section, mm

* Static force when the cut sample is located in the middle of the length of the section of the test blade and the crank pin at the top of the disk.

** With disconnected connecting rod and hydraulic drive.

The correction factor for the bluntness criterion is 1.65.

Note. During the return stroke, the force on the blade is not relieved.

4.6-4.7. (Modified edition, Amendments No. 1, 2).

4.8. When testing blades of type 2, a 5% (by weight) solution of emulsol in water with a flow rate of 6-8 l / min should be used as a cutting fluid.

4.9. The performance tests of the canvases should be carried out with ten cuts, while the time of the last cut should not exceed, min:

for type 1 canvases

made of high speed steel:

0.7 - with a pitch of teeth 0.8-1.4 mm;

2.0 - with a tooth pitch of 1.6 mm;

made of tool alloy steel:

0.8 - with a pitch of teeth 0.8-1.4 mm;

2.5 - with a tooth pitch of 1.6 mm;

3.5 - for canvases of type 2.

Note. For blades made of high-speed steel with a content of alloying elements less than in steel R6M5, the correction factor for the time of the tenth cut is 1.15.

4.8, 4.9. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.10. After testing the canvases for performance, there should be no kinks; they must be suitable for further work.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 1).

4.11. The acceptance values of the average and 95% durability periods must be at least

for type 1 canvases

115 and 50 - from high speed steel;

70 and 28 - from tool alloy steel;

145 and 75 - for type 2.

(Modified edition, Amendments No. 1, 2).

5. TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

5.1. Transportation and storage of canvases - in accordance with GOST 18088.

Section 5. (Modified edition, Amendment No. 1).

GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF THE TEETH OF THE BELT

Additionally, the requirements for the material, heat treatment, coating of cloths, for the precision parameters of cloths, for setting the teeth, for the reliability of cloths, for the rules of acceptance, methods for controlling cloths, for marking, packaging, transportation and storage are also included.

The machine blade is a metal-cutting device installed on hacksaw cut-off machines. For their manufacture, tool steel grades P6M5, P9 and others are used. The most widespread in production is the canvas, which has a length of 400-500 millimeters and a width of 32 and 40 millimeters.

With the help of a machine blade, you can cut steel, cast iron or metal products with a round or profile section and a hardness not exceeding 45-55 HRC.

What is a hacksaw blade

A hacksaw blade is a thin steel plate with teeth on one edge and two holes.

The machine blade may vary in size, as well as be one- and two-sided. The stability of metal cutting work depends on the steel grade, therefore it is very important to choose a blade in strict accordance with the requirements of the regulatory normative document - GOST 6645-86.

How to choose the right canvas

The choice of machine blade will depend on the material of the work piece. In this case, you need to be guided, first of all, by the number of hacksaw teeth (per 1 inch of the section):

for cutting thin metal in the form of a pipe, profile, tube, the number of teeth should be 14 pieces / 25 millimeters;
for cutting material with a small or medium thickness - 10 teeth / 25 millimeters;
for cutting thick metal - 6 teeth / 25 millimeters;
for cutting thick soft metal - 4 teeth / 25 millimeters.

If the blade has fewer teeth, then it is intended for cutting metals with a large thickness; if the number of teeth is greater, the blade is used for cutting loose material.

Rules for the operation of the machine bed

When using a machine hacksaw blade, you need to follow some rules to ensure high quality work and extend the life of the tool:

The machine-type saw must be maintained in the correct conditions and meet regulatory specifications.
You need to pay as much attention to the care of the blade as to other machine tool equipment.
It is necessary to closely monitor the condition and movement of the lifting machine mechanism, the operation of the pump and the purity of the oil to be poured.
It is imperative to check the correctness of fastening and tension of the machine blade.
Clamp the material to be cut in a vise securely in order to obtain the greatest tooth engagement - minimum 4 teeth maximum 30 teeth.
If more than one part is being cut, each part must be securely fixed.
If ingots are being cut, you must first thoroughly clean the cut with a steel brush.
Too little or too much pressure is not allowed.
When performing metal-cutting works, coolant is used without fail.
After processing 2-3 products, you need to check the tension level of the blade.
When cutting for a long time, the blade needs to be replaced periodically.
One cut should be done with one machine blade.

Today there are a huge number of hacksaws for metal. They all differ in their appearance, characteristics, etc. Also, these tools are divided into professional and home. The most significant difference between these two types will be a sheet for metal.

Dimensions (edit)

Currently, the standard length for the blade is 300 mm. There are also hacksaws, in which this figure is 150 mm. Shorter options are used only in cases where a large hacksaw is not suitable precisely because of its size or the master needs to perform very delicate work.

If we talk about the teeth of the blade for metal, then they are very small. This choice is due to the fact that it is precisely the small teeth that best cope with the task of cutting metal products. Masters of working with this tool pay attention to the fact that the canvas is the most important element, but it is worth paying due attention to the handle of the tool. For some types, it is made very poorly, and it will be inconvenient to work with such a device, even if the metal sheet meets all the qualities.

Differences between tools

As mentioned earlier, saws are conventionally divided into professional and home saws. The main advantage of a professional tool is that its design is more rigid, and also makes it possible to work at an angle of 90 and 55 degrees. Home appliances are often more flimsy, and during work they are constantly "stormy". In this case, even a high-quality metal blade does not guarantee a high-quality cut. However, here it is necessary to build on the frequency of use of this tool. Household saws are much cheaper and should only be purchased if a hacksaw is rarely used. If you have to use this tool quite often, then you should not save.

It is worth mentioning a separate thing - a hacksaw-handle. The main difference between this tool and a conventional hacksaw is that it is designed to work with a broken hacksaw blade for metal.

Product design

The design of this tool is practically the same for all models. The saw is a C-shaped arc, between the lower edges of which the blade is fixed or stretched. The working and main part of this tool is the same hacksaw blade for metal, which has many small teeth.

The handle - one of the three main parts of the device, plays a significant role in terms of ease of use of the tool during prolonged work. The most successful in terms of performance and comfort of use are two-component compound handles with rubber inserts.

The frame of this tool is an element that is designed to attach a hacksaw blade for metal. Different materials can be used in the production of the frame, but they determine the type of work for which the saw will be used. For example, if you need to saw high strength metals, it is best that the frame is made of composite materials that are also high strength.

It is important to note that the design of the frame largely determines the working conditions. If you need to cut in hard-to-reach places, then it is best to use a frame with an angle of inclination of the blade, or simply purchase a shorter version of the device.

Canvas

A hacksaw blade for metal is a thin strip made of hard steel. Despite the fact that this is the only metal part in the construction of the saw, it is also the most vulnerable to breakage, since the thickness of the product is very small. For this reason, when working with this tool, it is very important to monitor your actions. Careless and careless handling will lead to rapid breakdown of a fragile structural element.

Teeth

By itself, the steel blade for metal, the photo of which is presented below, cannot cut other metal parts.

The implementation of this process becomes possible due to the application of small wedge-shaped teeth to the edge of the blade. It is very important to pay attention to the hardening of these teeth when choosing a tool. Correct selection will lead to the fact that the service life will increase significantly, as will the efficiency of cutting the necessary parts. Nowadays, it is customary to use small-toothed saw blades for cutting hard metal products, and large teeth are intended for working with soft parts. The canvases themselves can be made of different types of steel, but it is best to opt for bimetallic ones. If it was not possible to find such, then you can pay attention to the hardened canvases. These saw elements are made of nickel-plated stainless steel with teeth. It is worth noting that the blade should be attached in such a way that the teeth go in the opposite direction from the handle.

Choice of canvas

The quality of the blade is determined by its teeth. The first selection criterion is the shape of the cutting elements, which can change depending on the inclination of the edge piece.

The second criterion for choosing a blade is the tooth pitch. By this parameter, you can determine which material is suitable for cutting in terms of hardness, and also select the maximum possible thickness of the product that can be cut. This indicator is measured by the number of teeth per one inch of the blade. It is also important to note that the thickness of the sheet metal plays an important role here. For example, on professional three-hundred-millimeter hacksaws, the thickness will be 0.63 - 1.25 mm. The blade thickness for electric saws with a length of 150 mm is from 1.25 to 2.5 mm.

It should also be said that the number of teeth per inch of the blade depends on the thickness and material of the workpiece that will be cut. For example, when cutting an aluminum workpiece with a thickness of more than 5 mm, the number of teeth per inch must be 18. If the thickness is from 2 to 5 mm, then the number of teeth can vary from 18 to 24. For a workpiece thickness less than 2 mm, the number of teeth should be in the range from 24 to 32.

GOST canvases for metal

GOST 6645-86 is a state standard that establishes requirements for the type, size, quality of canvases for metal, etc.

This document sets out the rules for the technical production of this product. In particular, this GOST specifies the steel grades from which it is necessary to make the types of canvas. For example, type 1 should be made of steel tape that meets all the requirements of GOST 23522-79. Type 2 hacksaw blade must be made of high-speed steel, which is determined in accordance with GOST 19265-73. The document also states that the canvases must be heat treated. The web is considered acceptable when there are no cracks, captivity, scale or corrosion on the surface.

- this is the main cutting element of a hand-held hacksaw or equipment of a hacksaw cutting machine, which is a thin and narrow plate with 2 two holes and teeth on one or two edges. The cutting of the material is carried out thanks to the reciprocating movement of the tool with simultaneous pressure.

Types and design of hacksaw blades

Depending on the purpose, there are two main types of hacksaw blades - hand-held and machine-designed, respectively, designed for manual cutting or work on a cutting machine. They differ primarily in the size of the canvas:

Hand hacksaw blades have a length of 250 and 300 mm, a width of 12.5 and 25 mm, a thickness of 0.63 to 1.25 mm.
A hacksaw machine blade can be longer - up to 400 mm, has a greater width and thickness due to increased loads - from 25 to 55 mm in width and from 1.25 to 2 mm in thickness.

The blade length is determined by the distance between the centers of the fixing holes and ranges from 150 to 400 mm. For hand hacksaws, they can be with one-sided (type A) or double-sided (type B) tooth arrangement.

The main materials of the canvases are steel grades P9, X6VF and U10A. The hardness of the material HRC 61-64 is mandatory. To obtain this characteristic, the teeth are heat treated. An important parameter is the tooth pitch, ranging from 0.8 to 1.5 mm.

Blades with frequent and sharp teeth, having a groove in the shape of an isosceles triangle with an angle at the base of 60 °, are most widely used. Coarse pitch and large flute blades are also widely used to ensure good chip evacuation. The grooves here are made in a straight line, which guarantees good heat dissipation.

Choosing a hacksaw blade

When choosing a hacksaw blade, the characteristics that need to be given special attention are the size of the part and the material. The size of the part determines the ability to use a canvas of a certain length and width.

The hardness and toughness of the material affect the choice of blade pitch and tooth size. There are the following recommendations:

Tin, roofing iron, etc. materials of similar thickness - pitch 0.8 mm.
Thin-walled pipes, thin steel profile - about 1 mm.
Thick-walled pipes and other similar materials - not less than 1.25 mm.
Cast iron, plastic - 1.2 - 1.5 mm.

Correct application of the blade guarantees its maximum long-term operation. First of all, this concerns the correct tension on the machine. Be sure to read the instructions on how to install a hacksaw blade, how to properly tighten. It should be strong enough for the job and at the same time allow for slight bending. The sound of a properly stretched canvas is a pleasant ringing, if it is insufficient, the sound is lower, in a stretched state it is noticeably higher.

The blade is inserted into the frame, teeth first.
When working with fragile and hard materials, the blade should be moistened with water or greased with grease.
For cutting thin materials, it is necessary that at least 3 teeth participate in the cut.
It is advisable to cut soft and viscous materials with a cloth lubricated with soapy water.
Avoid lateral bends and sudden jerks.
For rational use of the machine blade teeth, place the workpiece at its right end at the extreme position of the crank.
Use an extra weight when the workpiece is thinner.

Current GOSTs

For hand-held frames, it determines the technical conditions of the hacksaw blade GOST 17270-71. The parameters of the hacksaw for metal are regulated by GOST 6645-86