Snip 31 01 Apartment residential buildings. Legislative base of the Russian Federation. Buildings Residential apartment buildings
Buildings Residential apartment buildings
SNiP 31-01-2003
State Committee of the Russian Federation for Construction and Housing and Communal Complex (Gosstroy Russia)
Preface
1 Developed by a federal state unitary enterprise - the Center for the Methodology of Regulation and Standardization in the Construction (FSUE CNS), OJSC TsNIIEPHILD, MNIITEP, human environmental and environmental hygiene. A.A. Syshin with the participation of the team of specialists of leading research and design organizations
Made by the Office of Technical Regulation, Standardization and Certification in the construction and housing and communal services of Russia
2 Adopted and put into effect from October 1, 2003 by the Resolution of the Gosstroy of Russia of 06/23/2003 No. 109
3 Instead Snip 2.08.01-89 *
Introduction
In sections 4, 6 - 10 of these norms, the requirements corresponding to the objectives of technical regulations and subject to mandatory compliance with part 1 of Article 46 of the Federal Law "On Technical Regulation".
Apartment residential buildings started by construction on project documentation developed and approved before January 1, 2004 can be maintained and commissioned without adjusting project documentation in accordance with the requirements of these standards and rules.
The work was performed by the author's team: FSUE CNS (candidates tehn. Sciences S.N. Nersesov, L.S. Exler), FCS Gosstroy Russia (Cand. Archite. L.A. Viktorova; N.N. Polyakov); JSC "TsNIIEPHIILS" (Dr. Tech. Sciences Yu.G. Granik); MNIITEP (candidates Archite. S.I. Yakhkind, I.S. Genkina, L.V. Petrov, Cand. Geogr. Sciences L.I. Konova, Inzh. V.I. Lagger), Niizf Raasn (Cand. Tech. Sciences Yu.A. Sailors); Oppical Moskomarchitecture (ARH. A.P. Zobnin); Human ecology and environmental hygiene them. A.A. Syshin (prof., Dr. Med. Sciences Yu.D. Gubernsky, Cand. Med. Sciences N.V. Kalinina); TC 209 "Elevators, Building Lifts and Escalators" (S.M. Roytbud); Maintenance management of the Gosstroita of Russia (V.A. Glukharev).
SNiP 31-01-2003
Construction standards and rules of the Russian Federation
Buildings Residential apartment buildings
Multicompartment Residential Buildings
Date of introduction 2003-10-01
1 AREA OF USE
These norms and rules apply to the design and construction of newly under construction and reconstructed apartment buildings up to 75 m high (hereinafter referred to as the text adopted in accordance with 1), hostels of the apartment type, as well as residential premises that are part of the premises of the buildings of another functional purpose .
1 The height of the building is determined by the difference of the surface of the passage for fire trucks and the lower boundary of the opening opening (windows) in the outer wall of the upper floor, including the attic. At the same time, the upper technical floor is not taken into account.
Norms and rules do not apply: to blocked residential buildings, designed in accordance with the requirements in which rooms related to different apartments are not located on each other, and the common walls between neighboring blocks are common, as well as mobile residential buildings.
The norms do not regulate the conditions for the settlement of the building and the form of ownership of them, its apartments and individual premises.
2 Regulatory references
Regulatory documents, which in the text of these norms there are references, are given in Appendix A.
In the exception of the current regulatory documents, which in these standards there are references, it is necessary to be guided by the norms entered instead of excluded.
3 Terms and Definitions
This document uses the terms whose definitions are provided in Appendix B, as well as other terms, whose definitions are adopted on the regulatory documents listed in Appendix A.
4 General
4.1 Construction of residential buildings should be carried out on the project in accordance with the requirements of these construction standards and rules and other regulatory documents establishing rules for design and construction, based on building permit. The rules for determining the area of \u200b\u200bdevelopment and floors of buildings in design are shown in Appendix V.
4.2 Placing a residential building, distance from it to other buildings and structures, the dimensions of land at the house are established in accordance with the requirements. The floors and length of buildings are determined by the construction project. When determining the floors and length of residential buildings in seismic areas, the requirements should be performed.
4.3 When designing and building a residential building, conditions should be provided for the vital activity of small groups of the population, the availability of a plot, buildings and apartments for disabled people who use wheelchairs if the placement of apartments for families with disabled people in this residential building is set in the design task.
Apartment houses for elderly should be designed not higher than nine floors, for families with disabled - not higher than five. In other types of residential buildings, apartments for families with disabled people should be placed on the first floors.
In residential buildings of the federal and municipal housing stocks, the share of apartments for families with disabilities using wheelchairs is established in the task of design by local governments. Specific requirements for ensuring the livelihoods of persons with disabilities and other small groups of the population should be provided with regard to local conditions and requirements.
4.4 The project should be accompanied by an instruction manual for apartments and public premises at home.
Instructions for the exploitation of apartments and premises of the house must contain the data necessary for tenants (owners) of apartments and built-in public spaces, as well as operating organizations to ensure safety during operation, including: information about the main designs and engineering systems, the location of hidden elements and The frames of the frame, hidden wiring and engineering networks, as well as the limit values \u200b\u200bof the loads on the elements of the house structures and on its power supply. These data can be represented as copies of executive documentation. In addition, the instruction should include the rules for the content and maintenance of fire protection systems and evacuation plan for fire.
4.5 In residential buildings it should be provided: economic and drinking, fire and hot water supply, sewage and drainage in accordance with and; Heating, ventilation, copier protection - in accordance with.
4.6 In residential buildings it is necessary to provide electrical lighting, power electrical equipment, telephonification, radio, television antennas and ringing alarms, as well as automatic fire alarms, fire alarm systems and fire management systems, elevators for transporting fire units and tools to rescue people in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents .
4.7 On the roofs of residential buildings, it should be provided for the installation of collective reception antennas and racks of wired broadcasting networks. Installation of radio relay masts and towers are prohibited.
4.8 Provide elevators follows in residential buildings with a floor mark of the upper residential floor, exceeding the level of floor marks of the first floor to 11.2 m.
In residential buildings started by construction after 01.01.2010, in IA, IB, IG, ID and IVA climatic subarea elevators should be provided in buildings with the floor of the upper floor, which exceeds the level of floor marks of the first floor to 9.0 m.
The minimum number of passenger elevators, which must be equipped with residential buildings of various floors, is given in Appendix G.
It is allowed when justifying not to provide for elevators when adding existing 5-storey residential buildings in one floor. In buildings equipped with an elevator, it is allowed not to provide for an elevator in the exhaust floor.
In residential buildings in which on the floors above the first, the placement of apartments for families with disabled people using wheelchairs should be provided for passenger elevators or lifting platforms in accordance with the requirements, and NPB 250.
4.9 Width of sites in front of the elevators should allow the use of an elevator for transporting a patient on ambulance stretcher and be at least M:
1.5 - in front of the lifts with a carrying capacity of 630 kg with a cabin width of 2100 mm;
2.1 - in front of lifts with a carrying capacity of 630 kg with a cab of a cab 2100 mm.
With a double row arrangement of elevators, the width of the elevator hall must be at least m:
1.8 - When installing elevators with a cab in a cab of less than 2100 mm;
2.5 - when installing elevators from a cab in a cab 2100 mm and more.
4.10 In the base, first and second floors of a residential building (in large and largest cities 1 in the third floor), the placement of built-in and built-in public premises is allowed, with the exception of objects that have a harmful effect on humans.
1 Classification of cities -
Not allowed to post:
specialized stores of moskalo-chemical and other goods, the operation of which can lead to contamination of the territory and air of residential building; stores with the presence of explosion hazardous substances in them; Stores selling synthetic carpets, auto parts, tires and automotive oils;
specialized fish stores; warehouses of any destination, including wholesale (or small-optic) trade;
all enterprises, as well as stores with functioning mode after 23 hours 2; enterprises of household services, which use flammable substances (except hairdressing and workshops on the repair of hours with a total area of \u200b\u200bup to 300 m 2); Baths and saunas (except individual saunas in apartments);
2 Time restrictions on functioning can be clarified by local self-government authorities.
equipment of food and leisure with the number of places more than 50, with a total area of \u200b\u200bmore than 250 m 2 and with musical accompaniment;
laundry and dry cleaning (except for adoptive points and laundry self-service with a capacity of up to 75 kg in shift); automatic telephone stations with a total area of \u200b\u200bmore than 100 m 2; public restrooms; Funeral bureau; built-in and attached transformer substations;
production premises (except for the premises of categories in and D for the Labor of the disabled people and older people, among them: the items of issuing work at home, workshops for assembly and decorative works); dental laboratories, clinical and diagnostic and bacteriological laboratories; dispensaries of all types; Double hospitals of dispensaries and hospitals of private clinics: traumopunks, ambulance substations; dermatovenerological, psychiatric, infectious and phthisiatric cabins of medical reception; branches (cabins) of magnetic resonance tomography;
x-ray cabinets, as well as premises with therapeutic or diagnostic equipment and installations that are sources of ionizing radiation, veterinary clinics and cabinets.
Stores for the sale of synthetic carpet products are allowed to be located attached to the deaf sections of residential buildings with the Rei 150 fire resistance limit.
4.11 In the basement and basement floors of residential buildings, premises for storage, processing and use in various installations and devices of flammable and combustible liquids and gases, explosives, combustible materials are not allowed; premises for children stay; Cinemas, conference rooms and other harvesters with numbers of more than 50, as well as medical and preventive institutions. When placed in these floors, other rooms should also take into account the limitations set in 4.10 of this SNiP and in Appendix 4 *.
Loading public premises built into residential buildings should be performed: from the other residential buildings that are not windows; from underground tunnels; From the highways (streets) in the presence of special loading premises.
It is allowed not to provide for the specified bootable premises at the area of \u200b\u200bbuilt-in public spaces up to 150 m 2.
4.13 On the upper floor of residential buildings, workshops for artists and architects are allowed, as well as office (office) premises with the number of no more than 5 people working in each of each other, and the requirements of 7.2.15 of this SNiP.
Placing office premises in the adjustable attic floors is allowed in buildings not lower than II degree of fire resistance and a height of no more than 28 m.
4.14 In residential floors it is allowed to place public premises for individual activity (within the area of \u200b\u200bapartments). As part of apartments with bilateral orientation, it is allowed to provide for additional premises for a family kindergarten for a group of no more than 10 people; reception offices for one or two doctors (in coordination with the sanitary and epidemiological service authorities); Cabinet massage per specialist.
Family kindergarten is allowed to be placed in apartments with bilateral orientation located not higher than the 2nd floor in buildings not lower than II degree of fire resistance when providing these apartments to emergency exit per 6.20 *, a) or b) and if there is a device of playgrounds in the local area .
4.15 When a device in residential buildings of embedded or built-in and attached car parks should comply with the requirements. Floors Residential and floors with premises for children's preschool institutions and medical and preventive institutions should be separated from parking by the technical floor.
4.16 In apartment buildings in the first, basement or basement floors, it is necessary to provide pantry cleaning equipment equipped with a sink.
4.17 The need for a garbage disposal device in residential buildings is determined by local governments depending on the adopted sebuming system.
5 Requirements for apartments
5.1 Apartments in residential buildings should be designed based on the conditions for population of them with one family.
5.2 In the buildings of state and municipal housing assets, the minimum sizes of apartments in the number of rooms and their square (without taking into account the area of \u200b\u200bbalconies, terraces, veranda, loggias, cold storerooms and junction tambours) are recommended to be taken according to Table 5.1. The number of rooms and the area of \u200b\u200bapartments for specific regions and cities is clarified by the local administration, taking into account the demographic requirements achieved by the level of security of the housing and resource of housing construction.
In residential buildings of other forms of ownership, the composition of the premises and the area of \u200b\u200bapartments are set by the customer-developer in the design task.
5.3 In the apartments provided to citizens, taking into account the social norm of the area of \u200b\u200bhousing 1 in the buildings of state and municipal housing stocks, residential premises (rooms) and utilities should be provided: the kitchen (or niche), front, bathroom (or shower) and restroom ( or combined bathroom), pantry (or economic built-in wardrobe).
1 Social norm of the area of \u200b\u200bhousing - the size of a housing area per person is determined in accordance with Art. 1 and art. 11 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On the Fundamentals of Federal Housing Policy".
5.4 A ventilated drying cabinet for outerwear and shoes is provided for the construction of a residential building in IA, IB, IG, and IIA climatic subarea.
Table 5.1
Loggias and balconies should be provided: in apartments of houses under construction in the III and IV climatic areas, in apartments for families with disabled people, in other types of apartments and other climatic areas - taking into account fire requirements and adverse conditions.
Unfavorable conditions for designing balconies and non-beamed loggias:
In I and II, climatic areas - a combination of average monthly air temperature and mid-monthly wind speed in July: 12 - 16 ° C and more than 5 m / s; 8 - 12 ° C and 4 - 5 m / s; 4 - 8 ° C and 4 m / s; below 4 ° C at any wind speed;
Noise from transport highways or industrial territories 75 dB and more than 2 m from the facade of a residential building (except for noise-proof residential buildings);
The concentration of dust in the air is 1.5 mg / m 3 or more for 15 days or more in the period of three year-old months.
5.5 Placing residential premises in the basements and basements of residential buildings is not allowed.
5.6 The dimensions of residential and utility rooms are determined depending on the necessary set of furniture and equipment, placed taking into account the requirements of ergonomics.
5.7 The area of \u200b\u200bthe premises in the apartments specified in 5.3 should be at least: residential premises (rooms) in one-room apartment - 14 m 2, total residential premises in apartments with numbers two or more - 16 m 2, bedrooms - 8 m 2 ( 10 m 2 - two people); Kitchens - 8 m 2; Kitchen zone in the kitchen - dining room - 6 m 2. In one-room apartments, it is allowed to design a kitchen or kitchen-niche area of \u200b\u200bat least 5 m 2.
The bedroom and kitchen area in the attic floor (or floor with inclined enclosing structures) is allowed not less than 7 m 2, provided that the total residential premises has an area of \u200b\u200bat least 16 m 2.
5.8 Height (from floor to ceiling) residential premises and kitchens (kitchen-dining room) in climatic regions IA, IB, IG, ID and IVA should be at least 2.7 m, and in other climatic areas - at least 2.5 m .
The height of intra-quarter corridors, halls, front, antlesole (and under them) is determined by the safety conditions of the movement of people and should be at least 2.1 m.
In residential premises and kitchen of apartments located in the attic floor (or upper floors with inclined enclosing structures), a smaller ceiling height is allowed relative to the area normalized on the area not exceeding 50%.
5.9 Common residential premises in 2-, 3- and 4-room apartment buildings of housing funds specified in 5.3, and bedrooms in all apartments should be designed non-projective.
5.10 Apartment premises specified in 5.3 must be equipped with a kitchen - washing or sink, as well as a stove for cooking; Bathroom - bathroom (or shower) and washbasin; Restroom - toilet bowl with a wasches; Combined bathroom - bathroom (or shower), washbasin and toilet. In other apartments, the composition of the equipment of the premises is set by the customer-developer.
The device of the combined bathroom is allowed in one-room apartments of houses of state and municipal housing stocks, in other apartments - on the task of design.
6 Bearing Ability and Deformative Designs
6.1 The foundations and supporting structures of the building should be designed and erected in such a way that in the process of its construction and in the calculated operating conditions the possibility of:
destruction or damage to structures leading to the need to stop the operation of the building;
invalid deterioration in the operational properties of structures or buildings as a whole due to deformations or formation of cracks.
6.2 The construction and base of the building should be calculated on the perception of constant loads from their own weight of carrier and enclosing structures; temporary uniformly distributed and concentrated loads on overlap; Snow and wind loads for this construction area. The regulatory values \u200b\u200bof the listed loads, accounted for adverse combinations of loads or their corresponding efforts, the limit values \u200b\u200bof the deflection and movement of structures, as well as the values \u200b\u200bof the reliability coefficients by loads must be taken in accordance with the requirements.
The additional requirements of the customer-developer's customer, for example, to accommodate fireplaces, heavy equipment for public buildings built into residential building should also be taken into account. To the attachment of heavy elements of interior equipment to walls and ceilings.
6.3 The methods of calculation of their bearing capacity and deformativity must meet the requirements of existing regulatory documents on the design of the appropriate materials in the design of structures.
When placing buildings on the territory being worked out, on subsidence, in seismic areas, as well as in other complex geological conditions, additional requirements should be taken into account with the relevant standards and rules.
6.4 The foundations of the building should be designed taking into account the physicomechanical characteristics of the soils provided for in, (for the perplexed soils - c), the characteristics of the hydrogeological mode at the construction site, as well as the degrees of the aggressiveness of soils and groundwater in relation to the foundations and underground engineering networks and should Provide the necessary uniformity of the base precipitate under the elements of the building.
6.5 When calculating the building with a height of more than 40 m on a wind load, in addition to the strength and stability of the building and its individual structural elements, restrictions on the parameters of the oscillations of overlay floors, due to the requirements of residence comfort, should be provided.
6.6 In the event of an additional load and impacts on the remaining part of the residential building, its carriers and enhancement structures, as well as base grounds, should be tested for these loads and impacts in accordance with current standards, regardless of the physical wear of the structures.
It should take into account the actual carrying capacity of the grounds of the base as a result of their change during operation, as well as an increase in the strength of concrete in concrete and reinforced concrete structures.
6.7 During the reconstruction of a residential building, changes should be taken into account in its design scheme, which emerged during the operation of this building, (including the emergence of new openings, additional to the initial project solution, as well as the impact of the repair of structures or their gain).
6.8 With the reconstruction of residential buildings with a change in the location of sanitary nodes, appropriate additional measures for hydro, noise-and vibration insulation should be performed, as well as if necessary, the strengthening of overlaps, which provide for the installation of equipment of these sanitary and technical components.
7 Fire safety
7.1 Prevent Fire Distribution
7.1.1 Fire safety of buildings should be provided in accordance with the requirements for the buildings of the functional fire danger F1.3 and the rules established in this document for specially agreed cases, and during operation in accordance with PPB 01.
7.1.2 The permissible height of the building and the floor area within the fire compartment are determined depending on the degree of fire resistance and the class of structural fire hazard in Table 7.1.
Table 7.1
| Degree of fire resistance building | Class of constructive fire danger building | The greatest permissible height of the building, m | The greatest permissible floor area of \u200b\u200bthe fire compartment, m 2 |
| I. | C0. | 75 | 2500 |
| II. | C0. | 50 | 2500 |
| C1. | 28 | 2200 | |
| III | C0. | 28 | 1800 |
| C1. | 15 | 1800 | |
| Note - The degree of fire resistance of the building with unheated annexes should be taken according to the degree of fire resistance of the heated part of the building. | |||
7.1.3. Buildings I, II and III degrees of fire resistance is allowed to extend in one attic floor with carrier elements that have a limit of fire resistance at least R 45 and the fire hazard class K0, regardless of the height of the buildings installed in Table 7.1, but located not higher than 75 m. The enclosing structures of this floor must meet the requirements for the designs of the building of the building.
When applying wooden structures, it should be provided with a constructive fire protection providing these requirements.
7.1.4 The limit of fire resistance on the basis of R for the designs of galleries in gallery houses I, II and III degrees of fire resistance must correspond to the values \u200b\u200badopted for the floors of buildings and have a fire hazard class K0. Gallery designs in buildings IV degree of fire resistance must have a limit of fire resistance of at least R 15 and a fire hazard class K0.
7.1.5 In buildings I, II and III degrees of fire resistance to ensure the required limit of fire resistance of the bearing elements of the building, only structural fire protection should be applied.
7.1.6 Bearing elements of two-storey buildings IV degree of fire resistance must have a limit of fire resistance of at least R 30.
7.1.7 In buildings I, II and III degrees of fire resistance, intersection walls and partitions, as well as walls and partitions separating extracarty corridors from other premises, must have a limit of fire resistance of at least EI 45, in buildings IV fire resistance - at least Ei 15.
In buildings I, II and III degrees of fire resistance, inter-weltering non-rigid walls and partitions must have a limit of fire resistance of at least Ei 30 and the fire hazard class K0, in buildings IV degree of fire resistance - the limit of fire resistance at least Ei 15 and the fire hazard class is not lower than K1.
7.1.8 Class of fire hazard and the limit of fire resistance of interroom, including cabinets, collapsible, with doorways and sliding partitions are not normalized.
7.1.9 Partitions between the pantry in the basement and basements of buildings of the II degree of fire resistance up to five floors inclusive, as well as in buildings III and IV fire resistance, is allowed to be designed with an abnormal limit of fire resistance and a fire hazard class. Partitions separating the technical corridor of basement and basement floors from the rest of the premises should be fire-based 1 type.
7.1.10 Technical, basements, basement floors and attics should be separated by the 1-th type firefares on the compartments of no more than 500 m 2 in non-interconnected residential buildings, and in section - by sections.
In technical floors and attics, in the absence of combustible materials and structures in them, the limit of fire resistance doors in fireproof partitions is not rationed. They can be performed from the materials of the combustibility groups G1 and G2 or in accordance with 7.20.
7.1.11 The fencing of loggias and balconies in buildings with a height of three floors and more must be performed from non-combustible materials.
From non-combustible materials should also be performed by external sunscreen in buildings I, II and III fire resistance height of 5 floors and more.
7.1.12 Public premises should be separated from the premises of the residential part of the 1st-type firefares and overlapping of the 3rd type without openings, in buildings I of the degree of fire resistance - 2-type overlap.
7.1.13 The garbage collecting chamber should have an independent entrance, isolated from the entrance to the building with a deaf wall, and is highlighted by fireproof partitions and overlapping with no less rei 60 and fire hazard class K0.
7.1.14 Blood, rafters and crate of attic coatings are allowed to perform from combustible materials. In buildings with attics (with the exception of V-degree, the degree of fire resistance) during the device rafters and crates from combustible materials are not allowed to use roofs from combustible materials, and the rafyled and the crate should be subjected to flame retardant processing. With the constructive protection of these structures, they should not contribute to the hidden spread of burning.
7.1.15 The coating structures of the coating of the built-in-attached part must have a limit of fire resistance of at least R 45 and the fire hazard class K0. If there are windows-oriented windows in a residential building, the roof level in places of adjoining should not exceed the floor marker above the living rooms of the main part of the building. The insulation in the coating should be non-flammable.
7.1.16 In the device of pantry solid fuel in the basement or first floors, they should be separated from other rooms with deaf firefights 1-th type and overlap of the 3rd type. Exit from these storerooms should be directly outward.
7.2 Ensuring evacuation
7.2.1 The largest distances from the doors of apartments to the staircase or output should be taken in Table 7.2.
Table 7.2.
In the section of the residential building when leaving the apartments in the corridor (hall), which does not have a window opening of at least 1.2 m 2 in the end, the distance from the door of the most remote apartment to the exit directly to the staircase or exit to the tambour leading in the air zone There should be no unnecessary staircase, it should not exceed 12 m, if there is a window opening or smoke removal in the corridor (lobby), this distance is allowed to receive on Table 7.2 as for a dead-end corridor.
7.2.2 The width of the corridor should be M, not less: with its length between stairs or the end of the corridor and a staircase up to 40 m - 1.4, over 40 m - 1.6, the gallery width is at least 1.2 m. Corridors It should be separated by partitions with the doors of EI 30 fire resistance, equipped with closers and located at a distance of no more than 30 m one from the other and from the ends of the corridor.
7.2.3 In the stair cells and elevator halls, glazed doors are allowed, while in buildings a height of four floors and more with reinforced glass.
7.2.4 The number of evacuation outputs from the floor and the type of stair cells should be taken by software.
7.2.5 In residential buildings with a height of less than 28 m, designed to accommodate in the IV climatic area and IIIIB climatic subarea, instead of staircases, the device of external open stairs from non-combustible materials with the limit of fire resistance is not less than R 60.
7.2.6 In residential buildings of the corridor (gallery) type with a total area of \u200b\u200bapartments on the floor up to 500 m 2, it is allowed to provide for a single staircase type H1 with a building height of more than 28 m or type L1 at a building height of less than 28 m with a condition that The ends of the corridors (galleries) are available on the outdoor staircases of the 3rd type, leading to the floor mark of the second floor. When placing the indicated stair cells in the end of the building, a device of one staircase of the 3rd type is allowed in the opposite side of the corridor (gallery).
7.2.7 During the superstructure of existing buildings up to 28 m with one floor, it is allowed to preserve the existing staircase type L1, subject to the extension of the outflow of the emergency yield of 6.20 *, a), b) or B).
7.2.8 With a total area of \u200b\u200bapartments on the floor, and for sectional type buildings - on the section of the section, more than 500 m 2 Evacuation should be carried out at least two staircase cells (normal or unseasonable).
In residential buildings with a total area of \u200b\u200bapartments on the floor section (the floor of the corridor, gallery house) from 500 to 550 m 2 Allowed the device of one evacuation exit from the apartments:
with the altitude of the upper floor layout, no more than 28 m - in the usual staircase, under the condition of the equipment of the front in the apartments, the addressable fire alarm sensors;
with the altitude of the upper floor layout, more than 28 m - in one unlucky staircase, subject to the equipment of all apartments (except bathrooms, bathrooms, shower and woofer) address fire alarm sensors or automatic fire extinguishing.
7.2.9 For a multi-level apartment, it is allowed not to provide for an exit to the staircase from each floor, provided that the apartment's premises are located not higher than 18 m and the floor of an apartment that does not have a direct exit to the staircase is ensured by an emergency exit in accordance with the requirements of 6.20 *, and ), b) or c). The intra-ordinary staircase is allowed to perform wooden.
7.2.10 The passage to the outer air zone of the H1 staircase type H1 is allowed through the elevator hall, while the device of the elevator and doors mines in them must be performed in accordance with the requirements 7.22.
7.2.11 In buildings up to 50 m with a total area of \u200b\u200bapartments on the floor of a section of up to 500 m 2, the evacuation output is allowed to provide on the staircase type H2 or H3 when the device in the building of one of the elevators providing the transportation of fire units and the corresponding NPB 250 requirements. This exit to the staircase H2 should be provided through the tambour (or elevator hall), and the door of the stairwell, the mines of elevators, tambour-gateways and tambourines should be fire-fighting 2 types.
7.2.12 In section houses with a height of more than 28 m, the way out of unseasonable stair cells (type H1) is allowed to be arranged through the lobby (in the absence of outputs from the car park and public premises), separated from the adjacent corridors by fire-fighting partitions 1-th type with fire-fighting 2-type doors. In this case, the message of the H1 staircase type with the lobby should be arranged through the air zone. It is allowed to fill the opening of the air zone on the first floor with a metal grille. On the way from the apartment to the staircase H1 should be at least two (not counting the doors from the apartment) sequentially located self-closing doors.
7.2.13 In the building height of three floors and more outputs outward from the basements, basement floors and technical underground should be located at least in 100 m and should not be communicated with the staircase cells of the residential part of the building.
Outputs from basements and basement floors are allowed to be arranged through the staircase of the residential part in buildings up to 5 floors. These outputs must be separated within the first floor from the exit of the residential part of the 1-th type firefields.
Outputs from the technical floors should be provided in accordance with 6.21.
Outputs from the technical floors located in the middle or upper part of the building are allowed through common staircases, and in buildings with staircases H1 through the air zone.
7.2.14 In the device of emergency yields from the attic floors on the roof according to 6.20 *, it is necessary to provide platforms and transitional bridges with the software fence leading to the 3-type stairs and P2 stairs.
7.2.15 Public premises must have inputs and evacuation outputs, isolated from the residential part of the building.
When placed in the upper floor, workshops of artists and architects, as well as office premises, allowed as a second evacuation exit staircase cells of the residential part of the building, and the message of the floor with a staircase should be provided through a vestibule with fire doors. The door in the Tambura, which goes on the staircase, should be provided with opening only from the inside of the room.
A device of one evacuation exit from the premises of public agencies placed in the first and ground floors with a total area of \u200b\u200bno more than 300 m 2 and the number of no more than 15 people are allowed.
7.3 Fire Requirements for Engineering Systems and Building Equipment
7.3.1 The modern protection of buildings must be performed in accordance with. In buildings with a height of more than 28 m with unseasonable staircase cells, it is necessary to remove smoke from floor corridors through special mines with forced extracts and valves suitable on each floor at the rate of one mine for 30 m of the corridor. For each mining mine, an autonomous fan should be provided. Smoke derivation mines should have a limit of fire resistance at least Ei 60.
In the shells of elevators in buildings with a height of more than 28 m in a fire, it is necessary to supply outdoor air according to.
7.3.2 The ventilation installations of the air and smoke removal support should be located in separate ventilation chambers, beaten off the 1st-type firefights. The opening of the valves and the inclusion of fans should be provided for automatic distressors installed in the hallways of apartments, in extracarty corridors or halls, in the premises of the concierge, as well as remote from the buttons installed on each floor in the cabinets of fire cranes.
7.3.3 The protection of buildings by automatic fire alarms should be provided in accordance with the NPB 110. If there is an automatic fire alarm in the building, it should be installed in extracarty corridors and garbage cells to install smoke fire detectors.
Thermal fire detectors installed in the hallways of buildings of plates with a height of more than 28 m must have a response temperature of not more than 52 ° C.
Residential premises of apartments and hostels (except the bathrooms, bathrooms, shower, ware, saunas) should be equipped with autonomous smoke of fire detectors that meet the requirements of the NPB 66.
7.3.4 Fire alert system must be performed in accordance with the NPB 104.
7.3.5 Outdoor and intra-quarter electrical networks should be equipped with protective shutdown devices (UZO) according to PUE.
7.3.6 In the kitchen of residential buildings, 11 floors with a height of 11 floors and the installation of kitchen stoves on gas fuel is no longer allowed.
7.3.7 In the absence of the possibility or appropriateness of the accession of new and reconstructed apartment buildings to a centralized or autonomous heat supply system in apartments and built-in public areas, except for the premises of children's and medical institutions, it is allowed to provide for individual heat supply systems with natural gas heat generators with closed combustion chambers .
For hot water systems, it is allowed to use heat generators with an open combustion chamber in the apartments of residential buildings of the class structural fire hazard C0, I, II and III degrees of fire resistance and a height of no more than 5 floors.
7.3.8 Heat generators should be placed in a separate non-residential room, while the total thermal power of heat generators should not exceed 100 kW. The installation of heat generators with total thermal power up to 35 kW is allowed to be provided in the kitchen.
The room for heat generators is not allowed to be placed in the basement. It must have a window with a glazing area at the rate of 0.03 m 2 per 1 m 3 of room volume, with a window or other special device for carrying out at the top of the window. The volume of the room is determined on the basis of the conditions for the convenience of operation of heat generators and the production of installation work and be at least 15 m 3.
The height of the room should be at least 2.2 m. The size of the room must provide a device for a width of at least 0.7 m.
Heat generators should be installed:
In the walls or on the walls of non-combustible (NG) and labor-related (g1) materials;
At a distance, not closer to 3 cm from the walls of combustible materials coated with non-flammable (NG) or hard-sizing (g1) wall materials. The specified wall coating should be for the dimensions of the heat generator housing at least 10 cm.
The floor section under the floor heat generator should have a protective coating of non-combustible (NG) or difficult (r1) materials and to perform for the dimensions of the heat generator housing at least 10 cm.
7.3.9 Apartment generators of heat, cooking and heating furnaces working on solid fuel, it is allowed to provide in residential buildings up to two floors inclusive (excluding the basement). Storage hard fuels should be placed in economic buildings.
7.3.10 Heat generators, including furnaces and fireplaces on solid fuel, cooking plates and chimneys must be made with the implementation of constructive measures in accordance with the requirements. Heat generators and cooking plates of factory manufacturers should also be established taking into account the safety requirements contained in the instructions of manufacturers.
7.3.11 The garbage collector should be protected over the entire area with sprinkler rods. The area of \u200b\u200bthe distribution pipeline of the rods must be ring, connected to the network of economic and drinking water pipeline building and have thermal insulation from non-combustible materials. The camera door must be insulated.
7.3.12 In the two-storey buildings of V, the degree of fire resistance with the number of apartments 4 and more should be provided in the volume of the staircase, the dry machine device with its output into the attic.
Sukhroid should have extended nozzles equipped with valves and connecting heads to connect mobile fire equipment, and in the attic - the connecting head for connecting the fire sleeve.
In distribution (input) electrical panels of these buildings should include the installation of self-screening fire extinguishers.
7.4 Ensuring extinguishing fire and rescue work
7.4.1 Through the buildings in buildings should be taken in a light wide of at least 3.5 m, a height - at least 4.25 m for buildings with a height of up to 50 m and at least 4.5 m - for buildings with a height of more than 50 m. Through passages Through the staircases of buildings must be located at a distance one from another no more than 100 m.
It is allowed not to arrange through passages through the stairwells during the device of water supply networks with the installation of fire hydrants on them from two opposite sides of the building.
7.4.2 In each compartment of the basement or basement, allocated by fireproof obstacles, it should be provided for at least two windows with dimensions of at least 0.9 '1.2 m with a pit. The free area of \u200b\u200bthe specified windows must be taken by calculation, but not less than 0.2% of the floor area of \u200b\u200bthese premises. The sizes of the pit should allow the supply of fire extinguishing agent from the foam generator and removing smoke with the smoke (the distance from the wall of the building to the border of the pit should be at least 0.7 m).
7.4.3 In the transverse walls of basements and technical subcondures of large-pointed buildings, a device of openings with a height of 1.6 m is allowed. At the same time, the height of the threshold should not exceed 0.3 m.
7.4.4 Fireproof water supply should be performed in accordance with and.
In buildings with a height of up to 50 m, it is allowed instead of an internal fireproof water supply station to provide for the device of dried tubes with outward pipes with valves and connecting heads for connecting fire cars. The connecting heads must be placed on the facade in the place, convenient to install at least two fire cars at an altitude of 0.8 - 1.2 m.
7.4.5 The network of economic and drinking water supply in each apartment should include a separate crane for connecting the hose equipped with a sprayer to use it as a primary device for intra-ordinary fire extinguishing to eliminate fire focus. The length of the hose should provide the ability to supply water to any point of the apartment.
7.4.6 In residential buildings with a height of more than 50 m. One of the elevators should ensure the transportation of fire divisions and comply with the requirements of the NPB 250.
8 Security when using
8.1 The residential building should be designed, erected and equipped in such a way as to prevent the risk of injury by residents when moving inside and near the house, at the entrance and outlet of the house, as well as when using it with elements and engineering equipment.
8.2 Bliss and width of staircase marches and ramps, height of steps, width of the extex, width of the staircase, the height of the passes on the stairs, the basement, the attractive, as well as the dimensions of the doorways should provide the convenience and safety of the movement and the ability to move the equipment of the appropriate apartments and built-in equipment In the building of public premises.
The minimum width and maximum slope of staircase marches should be taken according to Table 8.1.
Table 8.1.
The height of the differences in the floor level of different premises and spaces in the building should be safe. In the necessary cases, handrails and ramps should be provided. The number of lifts in one staircase march or on the level of levels should be at least 3 and not more than 18. The use of stairs with different heights and depth of steps is not allowed. In two-level apartments, intra-quarter stairs are allowed screw or with overtook steps, while the width of the sticking in the middle must be at least 18 cm.
8.3 Height of the fences of stairs, balconies, loggias, terraces, roofs and in places of dangerous drops should be at least 1.2 m. Staircase marches and sites must have fencing with handrails.
Fences must be continuous, equipped with handrails and are designed for the perception of horizontal loads of at least 0.3 kN / m.
8.4 Structural solutions of house elements (including the location of emptiness, methods of sealing places of passing pipelines through structures, a device of the ventilation holes, the placement of thermal insulation, etc.) should provide for protection against rodent penetration.
8.5 Engineering systems of the building should be designed and mounted taking into account the requirements of the security contained in the regulatory documents of the state supervisory authorities and the instructions of the equipment manufacturers of equipment.
8.6 Engineering equipment and devices with possible seismic impacts should be securely fixed.
8.7 The fireplace is allowed to design in the apartment on the last floor of a residential building, at any level of a multi-level apartment placed the latter in the house.
8.8 In a residential building and at the local area, activities should be provided to reduce the risks of criminal manifestations and their consequences that contribute to the protection of people living in a residential building and minimize possible damage in the event of unlawful actions. These activities are established in the task of design in accordance with the regulatory legal acts of local authorities and may include the use of explosion protection structures, installation of intercoms, code locks, security alarm systems, protective designs of window openings in the first, base and upper floors, in the pittal veils, and Also the doors of the entrance, leading to the basement, in the attic and, if necessary, to other premises.
General security systems (television control, security alarm system, etc.) must ensure the protection of fire equipment from unauthorized access and vandalism.
Events aimed at reducing the risks of criminal manifestations should be complemented at the stage of operation.
8.9 In individual residential buildings defined by the scheme of placing civil defense structures, double-purpose premises should be designed in accordance with the instructions.
8.10 Lightning protection is designed in accordance with the requirements of the RD 34.21.122.
8.11 On the operated roofs of residential buildings (except for residential buildings with public premises on the upper floors), roofing of built-in and attached public premises, as well as at the entrance area, on summer extremary rooms, in the connecting elements between residential buildings, including open non-residential Floors (first and intermediate) used for the device of sports fields for recreation of adult houses at home, platforms for drying linen and cleaning clothing or solarium, it is necessary to provide the necessary security measures (device of fences and measures to protect ventilation issues).
8.12 When designing a sauna in apartments should be provided:
The volume of the paril is not more than 24 m 3;
Special factory manufacturing furnace for heating with automatic shutdown when the temperature is 130 ° C, as well as after 8 hours of continuous operation;
Placement of this furnace at a distance of at least 0.2 m from the walls of the paril;
Device above the furnace of the non-heat insulation shield;
Equipment of the ventilation channel with fire-holder valve in accordance with.
8.13 Electrical panel, room for head stations (GS), technical centers (shopping center) of cable television, sound transformer substations (SPT), as well as places for telephone distribution cabinets (HRH) should not be placed with wet processes (bathrooms, bathrooms, etc. .).
8.14 GS, shopping center premises, TPPs must have inputs directly from the street; The placing the electrical panel (including for communication equipment, ASUU, dispatching and television) should have an entrance directly from the street or from a floor extra-weltering corridor (Hall); To the site of the installation of the HTR approach should also be from the specified corridor.
State Committee of the Russian Federation for Construction and Housing and Communal Complex (Gosstroy RUSSIA) System of regulatory documents in construction Construction standards and rules of the Russian Federation buildings Residential multi-apartment multicompartment Residential Buildings SNiP 31-01-2003 UDC (083.74) Date of introduction 2003-10-01 Preface 1 Developed by a federal state unitary enterprise - the center of the mission and standardization methodology in the construction (FSUE CNS), OJSC TsNIIEPHILD, MNIITEP, human ecology and environmental hygiene. A.A. Syshin with the participation of the team of specialists of leading research and design organizations was made by the Office of Technical Registration, Standardization and Certification in the construction and housing and public utilities. State registration has not passed - a letter of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation of 16.04.2004 No. 07/3971-YUD) 3 instead of SNiP 2.08.01-89 * Introduction in sections 4.6-10 of these norms presents requirements that meet the objectives of technical regulations and subject to mandatory compliance with By consideration of part 1 of Article 46 of the Federal Law "On Technical Regulation". Apartment residential buildings started by construction on project documentation developed and approved before January 1, 2004 can be maintained and commissioned without adjusting project documentation in accordance with the requirements of these standards and rules. The work was performed by the author's team: FSUE CNS (candidates of tech. Sciences S.N. Nersesov, L.S. Exler); FCS Gosstroy Russia (Cand. Archite. L.A. Viktorova; N.N. Polyakov); JSC "TsNIIEPHIILS" (Dr. Tekhn. Sciences Yu.G. Granik); MNIITEP (candidates Archite. S.I. Yakhkind, I.S. Genkina, L.V. Petrov, Cand. Geogr. Sciences L.I. Konova, Inzh. V.I. Lagger), Niizf Raasn (Cand. Tech. Sciences Yu.A. Sailors); Oppical Moskomarchitecture (ARH. A.P. Zobnin); Human ecology and environmental hygiene them. A.A. Syshin (prof., Dr. Med. Sciences Yu.D. Gubernsky, Cand. Med. Sciences N.V. Kalinina); TC 209 "Elevators, building lifts and escalators" (S.M. Roytburd); Maintenance management of the Gosstroita of Russia (V.A. Glukharev). 1 Application Scope 1.1 These norms and rules apply to the design and construction of newly under construction and reconstructed apartment buildings up to 75 m high (hereinafter referred to as the text adopted in accordance with SNiP 21-011), apartment type hostels, as well as residential premises incoming The premises of the buildings of another functional purpose. Norms and rules do not apply: for blocked residential buildings, designed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 31-02, in which the premises relating to different apartments are not located on each other, and the common walls between neighboring blocks are common, as well as on mobile residential building. The norms do not regulate the conditions for the settlement of the building and the form of ownership of them, its apartments and individual premises. __________________ 1 The height of the building is determined by the difference in the surface of the fare for fire trucks and the lower boundary of the opening opening (windows) in the outer wall of the upper floor, including the attic. At the same time, the upper technical floor is not taken into account. 2 Regulatory references Regulatory documents, which in the text of these standards there are references, are provided in Appendix A. In the exception of existing regulatory documents, which in these norms have references, it is necessary to be guided by the standards entered instead of excluded. 3 Terms and definitions in this document are used by the definitions of which are given in Appendix B, as well as other terms, whose definitions are adopted on the regulatory documents listed in Appendix A. 4 General provisions 4.1 Construction of residential buildings should be carried out on the project in accordance with the requirements of these Construction standards and rules and other regulatory documents establishing rules for design and construction, on the basis of building permit. The rules for determining the construction area and the floors of buildings in the design are given in Appendix B. 4.2 Placing a residential building, the distance from it to other buildings and structures, the size of land plots at the house are established in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.07.01. The floors and length of buildings are determined by the construction project. When determining the flood and length of residential buildings in seismic areas, the requirements of SNIP II-7 and SNiP 2.07,01 should be performed. 4.3 When designing and building a residential building, conditions should be provided for the vital activity of small groups of the population, the availability of a plot, buildings and apartments for disabled people who use wheelchairs if the placement of apartments for families with disabled people in this residential building is set in the design task. Apartment houses for elderly should be designed not higher than nine floors, for families with disabled - not higher than five. In other types of residential buildings, apartments for families with disabled people should be placed on the first floors. In residential buildings of the federal and municipal housing stocks, the share of apartments for families with disabilities using wheelchairs is established in the task of design by local governments. Specific requirements for ensuring the livelihoods of persons with disabilities and other small groups of the population should be provided with regard to local conditions and requirements of SNiP 35-01. 4.4 The project should be accompanied by an instruction manual for apartments and public premises at home. Instructions for the exploitation of apartments and premises of the house must contain the data necessary for tenants (owners) of apartments and built-in public spaces, as well as operating organizations to ensure safety during operation, including: information about the main designs and engineering systems, the location of hidden elements and The frames of the frame, hidden wiring and engineering networks, as well as the limit values \u200b\u200bof the loads on the elements of the house structures and on its power supply. These data can be represented as copies of executive documentation. In addition, the instruction should include the rules for the content and maintenance of fire protection systems and evacuation plan for fire. 4.5 In residential buildings it should be provided: economic and drinking, fire and hot water supply, sewage and drainage in accordance with SNiP 2.04.01 and SNiP 2.04.02; Heating, ventilation, anti-refinery - in accordance with SNiP 41-01. 4.6 In residential buildings it is necessary to provide electrical lighting, power electrical equipment, telephonification, radio, television antennas and ringing alarms, as well as automatic fire alarms, fire alarm systems and fire management systems, elevators for transporting fire units and tools to rescue people in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents . 4.7 On the roofs of residential buildings, it should be provided for the installation of collective reception antennas and racks of wired broadcasting networks. Installation of radio relay masts and towers are prohibited. 4.8 Provide elevators follows in residential buildings with the floor marker of the upper residential floor, exceeding the level of floor marker at 11.2 m. In residential buildings started by construction after 01.01.2010, in IA, IB, IG, ID and IVA climatic Subsections of the elevators should be provided in buildings with a floor mark of the upper floor, which exceeds the level of floor marks of the first floor to 9.0 m. The minimum number of passenger elevators that residential buildings of various floors must be equipped, is given in Appendix G. It is allowed when justifying not to provide for elevators when adding existing 5-storey residential buildings in one floor. In buildings equipped with an elevator, it is allowed not to provide for an elevator in the exhaust floor. In residential buildings in which on the floors above the first provides for the placement of apartments for families with disabled people who use the wheelchair to move, passenger elevators or lifting platforms should be provided in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 35-01, GOST R 51631 and NPB 250. 4.9 The width of the flooring in front of the elevators should allow the use of an elevator to transport the patient on the ambulance stretcher and be at least M: 1.5 - in front of elevators with a carrying capacity of 630 kg with a cabin width of 2100 mm; 2.1 - in front of lifts with a carrying capacity of 630 kg with a cab of a cab 2100 mm. With a double-row arrangement of elevators, the elevator lift width must be at least M: 1.8 - when installing elevators from the depth of the cab of less than 2100 mm; 2.5 - when installing elevators from a cab in a cab 2100 mm and more. 4.10 In the base, first and second floors of the residential building (in large and largest cities1 in the third floor), the placement of embedded and built-in public premises is allowed, with the exception of objects that have a harmful effect on a person. It is not allowed to post: specialized stores of moskalo-chemical and other goods, the operation of which can lead to contamination of the territory and air of residential buildings; stores with the presence of explosion hazardous substances in them; Stores selling synthetic carpets, auto parts, tires and automotive oils; specialized fish stores; warehouses of any destination, including wholesale (or small-optic) trade; All enterprises, as well as stores with functioning mode after 23 hours 2; household services enterprises that use flammable substances (except hairdressing and workshops on the repair of hours with a total area of \u200b\u200bup to 300 m2); Baths and saunas (except individual saunas in apartments); Equipment of food and leisure with the number of places more than 50, with a total area of \u200b\u200bmore than 250 m2 and with musical accompaniment; ___________________ 1 Classification of cities - SNIP 2.07.01. 2 Time restrictions on functioning can be clarified by local self-government authorities. Laundry and dry cleaning (except for adoptive points and laundry self-service with a capacity of up to 75 kg in shift); automatic telephone stations with a total area of \u200b\u200bmore than 100 m2; public restrooms; Funeral bureau; built-in and attached transformer substations; Production premises (except for the premises of categories in and D for the Labor of the disabled people and older people, among them: the items of issuing work at home, workshops for assembly and decorative works); dental laboratories, clinical and diagnostic and bacteriological laboratories; dispensaries of all types; daytime hospitals dispensaries and hospitals of private clinics; traumopunks, ambulance substations; dermatovenerological, psychiatric, infectious and phthisiatric cabins of medical reception; branches (cabins) of magnetic resonance tomography; X-ray cabinets, as well as premises with therapeutic or diagnostic equipment and installations that are sources of ionizing radiation, veterinary clinics and cabinets. Stores selling synthetic carpet products allowed to be located attached to the deaf sections of residential buildings with the limit of fire resistance Rei 150. 4.11 In the basement and basement floors of residential buildings are not allowed to place premises for storage, processing and use in various installations and devices of flammable and combustible liquids and gases , explosives, combustible materials; premises for children stay; Cinemas, conference rooms and other harvesters with numbers of more than 50, as well as medical and preventive institutions. When placed in these floors of other rooms, it should also take into account the limitations set in 4.10 of this SNiP and in Appendix 4 * SNiP 2.08.02. 4.12 Loading the premises of public destination by the courtyard of a residential building, where the windows of residential rooms of apartments and the entrances to the residential part of the house are located. Loading public premises built into residential buildings should be performed: from the other residential buildings that are not windows; from underground tunnels; From the highways (streets) in the presence of special loading premises. It is allowed not to provide for the specified bootable premises at the area of \u200b\u200bbuilt-in public spaces up to 150 m2. 4.13 On the upper floor of residential buildings, workshops for artists and architects are allowed, as well as office (office) premises with the number of no more than 5 people working in each of each., At the same time, the requirements of 7.2.15 of this SNiP. Place office premises in the adjustable attic floors are allowed in buildings not lower than II degree of fire resistance and no more than 28 m. 4.14 in residential floors it is allowed to place public premises for individual activity (within the apartment area). As part of apartments with bilateral orientation, it is allowed to provide for additional premises for a family kindergarten for a group of no more than 10 people; reception offices for one or two doctors (in coordination with the sanitary and epidemiological service authorities); Cabinet massage per specialist. Family kindergarten is allowed to be placed in apartments with bilateral orientation, located not higher than the 2nd floor in buildings not lower than II degree of fire resistance when providing these apartments to emergency yield according to 6.20 *, a) or b) SNiP 21-01 and if there is a device of gaming platforms at the local area. 4.15 When a device in residential buildings of embedded or built-in and attached car parks should comply with the requirements of SNiP 21-02. Floors Residential and floors with premises for children's preschool institutions and medical and preventive institutions should be separated from parking by the technical floor. 4.16 In apartment buildings in the first, basement or basement floors, it is necessary to provide pantry cleaning equipment equipped with a sink. 4.17 The need for a garbage disposal device in residential buildings is determined by local governments depending on the adopted sebuming system. 5 Requirements for the premises of apartments 5.1 Apartments in residential buildings should be designed based on the conditions for settling them with one family. 5.2 In the buildings of state and municipal housing assets, the minimum sizes of apartments in the number of rooms and their square (without taking into account the area of \u200b\u200bbalconies, terraces, veranda, loggias, cold storerooms and junction tambours) are recommended to be taken according to Table 5.1. The number of rooms and the area of \u200b\u200bapartments for specific regions and cities is clarified by the local administration, taking into account the demographic requirements achieved by the level of security of the housing and resource of housing construction. In residential buildings of other forms of ownership, the composition of the premises and the area of \u200b\u200bapartments are set by the customer-developer in the design task. Table 5.1 Number of residential rooms123456 Recommended area of \u200b\u200bapartments, M228-3844-5356-6570-7784-96103-109 5.3 In apartments provided to citizens, taking into account the social norm of housing area1 in the buildings of state and municipal housing stocks, residential premises (rooms) and utility : kitchen (or cuisine-niche), front, bathroom (or shower) and restroom (or combined bathroom), pantry (or economical built-in wardrobe). ____________________ 1 Social norm of the area of \u200b\u200bhousing - the size of a housing area per person is determined in accordance with Art. 1 and art. 11 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Fundamentals of Federal Housing Policy". 5.4 Ventilated. The dry cabinet for the outerwear and shoes is provided for the construction of a residential building in IA, IB, IG, and IIA climatic subsidiaries. Loggias and balconies should be provided: in apartments of houses under construction in the III and IV climatic areas, in apartments for families with disabled people, in other types of apartments and other climatic areas - taking into account fire requirements and adverse conditions. Adverse conditions for the design of balconies and non-beamed loggias: - in I and II climatic areas - a combination of average monthly air temperature and average monthly wind velocity in July: 12-16 ° C and more than 5 m / s; 8-12 ° C and 4-5 m / s; 4-8 ° C and 4 m / s; below 4 ° C at any wind speed; - noise from transport highways or industrial territories 75 dB and more than 2 m from the facade of a residential building (except for noise-proof residential buildings); - The concentration of dust in the air is 1.5 mg / m3 or more for 15 days or more in the period of three year-old months. 5.5 Placing residential premises in the basements and basements of residential buildings is not allowed. 5.6 The dimensions of residential and utility rooms are determined depending on the necessary set of furniture and equipment, placed taking into account the requirements of ergonomics. 5.7 The area of \u200b\u200bthe premises in the apartments specified in 5.3 should be at least: residential premises (rooms) in one-room apartment - 14 m2, total residential premises in apartments with numbers of rooms two or more - 16 m2, bedrooms - 8 m2 (10 m2 - on two people); Kitchens - 8 m2; Kitchen zone in the kitchen - dining room - 6 m2. In one-room apartments allowed to design a kitchen or kitchen-niche area of \u200b\u200bat least 5 m2. The bedroom and kitchen area in the attic floor (or floor with inclined enclosing structures) is allowed at least 7 m2, provided that the total residential premises has an area of \u200b\u200bat least 16 m2. 5.8 Height (from floor to ceiling) residential premises and kitchens (kitchen-dining room) in climatic regions IA, IB, IG, ID and IVA should be at least 2.7 m, and in other climatic areas - at least 2.5 m . The height of intra-quarter corridors, front, antlesole halls (and under them) is determined by the safety conditions of people's movement and should be at least 2.1 m. In residential premises and kitchen of apartments located in the attic floor (or upper floors with inclined enclosing structures) , A smaller ceiling height is relatively normalized on an area not exceeding 50%. 5.9 Common residential premises in 2-, 3- and 4-room apartment buildings of housing funds specified in 5.3, and bedrooms in all apartments should be designed non-projective. 5.10 Apartment premises specified in 5.3 must be equipped with a kitchen - washing or sink, as well as a stove for cooking; Bathroom - bathroom (or shower) and washbasin; Restroom - toilet bowl with a wasches; Combined bathroom - bathroom (or shower), washbasin and toilet. In other apartments, the composition of the equipment of the premises is set by the customer-developer. The device of the combined bathroom is allowed in one-room apartments of houses of state and municipal housing stocks, in other apartments - on the task of design. 6 The bearing capacity and deformability of the structures 6.1 of the base and the supporting structures of the building should be designed and erected in such a way that in the process of its construction and in the calculated operating conditions the possibility: destruction or damage to structures leading to the need to stop the operation of the building; Invalid deterioration in the operational properties of structures or buildings as a whole due to deformations or formation of cracks. 6.2 The construction and base of the building should be calculated on the perception of constant loads from their own weight of carrier and enclosing structures; temporary uniformly distributed and concentrated loads on overlap; Snow and wind loads for this construction area. The regulatory values \u200b\u200bof the listed loads, accounted for adverse combinations of loads or the corresponding efforts, the limit values \u200b\u200bof the deflection and movement of structures, as well as the validity values \u200b\u200bvalues \u200b\u200bfor loading coefficients should be taken in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.01.07. The additional requirements of the customer-developer's customer, for example, to accommodate fireplaces, heavy equipment for public buildings built into residential building should also be taken into account. To the attachment of heavy elements of interior equipment to walls and ceilings. 6.3 The methods of calculation of their bearing capacity and deformativity must meet the requirements of existing regulatory documents on the design of the appropriate materials in the design of structures. When placing buildings on the territory being worked out, on subsidence, in seismic areas, as well as in other complex geological conditions, additional requirements should be taken into account with the relevant standards and rules. 6.4 The foundations of the building should be designed taking into account the physicomechanical characteristics of the soils provided for in SNIP 2.02.01, SNiP 2.02.03 (for the perpetrators of the soils - in SNIP 2.02.04), the characteristics of the hydrogeological mode on the construction site, as well as the degrees of soil aggressiveness and Underground waters in relation to the foundations and underground engineering networks and should ensure the necessary uniformity of the precipitate under the elements of the building. 6.5 When calculating the building with a height of more than 40 m on a wind load, in addition to the strength and stability of the building and its individual structural elements, restrictions on the parameters of the oscillations of overlay floors, due to the requirements of residence comfort, should be provided. 6.6 In the event of an additional load and impacts on the remaining part of the residential building, its carriers and enhancement structures, as well as base grounds, should be tested for these loads and impacts in accordance with current standards, regardless of the physical wear of the structures. It should take into account the actual carrying capacity of the grounds of the base as a result of their change during operation, as well as an increase in the strength of concrete in concrete and reinforced concrete structures. 6.7 During the reconstruction of a residential building, changes should be taken into account in its design scheme, which emerged during the operation of this building, (including the emergence of new openings, additional to the initial project solution, as well as the impact of the repair of structures or their gain). 6.8 With the reconstruction of residential buildings with a change in the location of sanitary nodes, appropriate additional measures should be performed on hydro, noise and vibration insulation, as well as if necessary, the enhancement of overlaps, which provide for the installation of equipment of these sanitary and technical components. 7 Fire safety 7.1 Preventing the distribution of fire 7.1.1 Fire safety of buildings should be ensured in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 21-01 to the buildings of the functional fire hazard F1.3 and the rules established in this document for specially agreed cases, and during operation in accordance with PPB 01. 7.1.2 The permissible height of the building and the floor area within the fire compartment are determined depending on the degree of fire resistance and the class of structural fire hazard in Table 7.1. Table 7.1 Fire resistance zdaniyaKlass constructive fire danger zdaniyaNaibolshaya allowable height of buildings permitted mNaibolshaya area fire compartment floor, m2IS0752500IIS0502500S1282200IIIS0281800S1151800IVS05100031400S1580031200S255003900VNe normiruetsya55003800 Note - The degree of fire resistance of buildings with unheated porches should be taken according to the degree of fire resistance of the heated part of the building. 7.1.3. Buildings I, II and III degrees of fire resistance is allowed to extend in one attic floor with carrier elements that have a limit of fire resistance at least R 45 and the fire hazard class K0, regardless of the height of the buildings installed in Table 7.1, but located not higher than 75 m. The enclosing structures of this floor must meet the requirements for the designs of the building of the building. When applying wooden structures, it should be provided with a constructive fire protection providing these requirements. 7.1.4 The limit of fire resistance on the basis of R for the designs of galleries in gallery houses I, II and III degrees of fire resistance must correspond to the values \u200b\u200badopted for the floors of buildings and have a fire hazard class K0. Gallery designs in buildings IV degree of fire resistance must have a limit of fire resistance at least R15 and a fire hazard class K0. 7.1.5 In buildings I, II and III degrees of fire resistance to ensure the required limit of fire resistance of the bearing elements of the building, only structural fire protection should be applied. 7.1.6 Bearing elements of two-storey buildings IV degree of fire resistance must have a limit of fire resistance at least R 30. 7.1.7 In buildings I, II and III degrees of fire resistance, inter-set walls and partitions, as well as walls and partitions separating extracarty corridors from other premises, must have a limit of fire resistance of at least EI 45, in buildings IV degree of fire resistance - at least Ei 15. In buildings I, II and III degrees of fire resistance, escarpericular walls and partitions must have a limit of fire resistance at least Ei 30 and the fire hazard class K0, in buildings IV The degree of fire resistance is the limit of fire resistance at least EI 15 and the fire hazard class is not lower than K1. 7.1.8 Class of fire hazard and the limit of fire resistance of interroom, including cabinets, collapsible, with doorways and sliding partitions are not normalized. 7.1.9 Partitions between the pantry in the basement and basements of buildings of the II degree of fire resistance up to five floors inclusive, as well as in buildings III and IV fire resistance, is allowed to be designed with an abnormal limit of fire resistance and a fire hazard class. Partitions separating the technical corridor of basement and basement floors from the rest of the premises should be fire-based 1 type. 7.1.10 Technical, basements, basement floors and attics should be divided by firefights of the 1st type on the compartments with an area of \u200b\u200bnot more than 500 m2 in non-intercommunicative residential buildings, and in section - by sections. In technical floors and attics, in the absence of combustible materials and structures in them, the limit of fire resistance doors in fireproof partitions is not rationed. They can be performed from the materials of the combustibility groups G1 and G2 or in accordance with 7.20 SNiP 21-01. 7.1.11 The fencing of loggias and balconies in buildings with a height of three floors and more must be performed from non-combustible materials. From non-combustible materials should also be performed by external sunscreen in buildings I, II and III fire resistance height of 5 floors and more. 7.1.12 Public premises should be separated from the premises of the residential part of the 1st-type firefares and overlapping of the 3rd type without openings, in buildings I of the degree of fire resistance - 2-type overlap. 7.1.13 The garbage collecting chamber should have an independent entrance, isolated from the entrance to the building with a deaf wall, and is highlighted by fireproof partitions and overlapping with no less rei 60 and fire hazard class K0. 7.1.14 Blood, rafters and crate of attic coatings are allowed to perform from combustible materials. In buildings with attics (with the exception of V-degree, the degree of fire resistance) during the device rafters and crates from combustible materials are not allowed to use roofs from combustible materials, and the rafyled and the crate should be subjected to flame retardant processing. With the constructive protection of these structures, they should not contribute to the hidden spread of burning. 7.1.15 The coating structures of the coating of the built-in-attached part must have a limit of fire resistance of at least R 45 and the fire hazard class K0. If there are windows-oriented windows in a residential building, the roof level in places of adjoining should not exceed the floor marker above the living rooms of the main part of the building. The insulation in the coating should be non-flammable. 7.1.16 In the device of pantry solid fuel in the basement or first floors, they should be separated from other rooms with deaf firefights 1-th type and overlap of the 3rd type. Exit from these storerooms should be directly outward. 7.2 Evacuation Evacuation 7.2.1 The largest distances from the doors of apartments to the staircase or outgoes should be taken according to Table 7.2. Table 7.2 Degree of fire resistance building Class of constructive fire hazard Building Distance from the door of the apartment before the exit, MPRI arrangement between the staircase cells or outdoor login of outputs into a dead-end corridor or gallery, IIS0402515ivs02515С1, C22010V12515С1, C22010VNE ignoring 2010 in the residential building section having a window opening area of \u200b\u200bat least 1.2 m2 in the end, the distance from the door of the most remote apartment to the exit directly into the staircase or exit to the tambour, leading to the air zone of an unnecessary staircase, should not exceed 12 m, in the presence of window opening or smoke In the corridor (hall), this distance is allowed to receive on Table 7.2 as for a dead-end corridor. 7.2.2 The width of the corridor should be M, not less: with its length between stairs or the end of the corridor and a staircase up to 40 m - 1.4, over 40 m - 1.6, the gallery width is at least 1.2 m. Corridors It should be separated by partitions with the doors of EI 30 fire resistance, equipped with closers and located at a distance of no more than 30 m one from the other and from the ends of the corridor. 7.2.3 In the stair cells and elevator halls, glazed doors are allowed, while in buildings a height of four floors and more with reinforced glass. 7.2. 4 The number of evacuation outputs from the floor and the type of stair cells should be accessed by SNiP 21-01. 7.2.5 In residential buildings with a height of less than 28 m, designed to accommodate in the IV climatic area and IIIIB climatic subarea, it is allowed instead of staircase cells the device of external open stairs from non-combustible materials with the fire resistance rate of at least R 60. 7.2.6 in the residential buildings of the corridor ( Gallery) Type with a total area of \u200b\u200bapartments on the floor up to 500 m2 It is allowed to provide for a single staircase type H1 type at a building height of more than 28 m or type L1 at a building height of less than 28 m with a condition that in the ends of the corridors (galleries) there are exits to external Three-type stairs leading to the floor mark of the second floor. When placing the indicated stair cells in the end of the building, a device of one staircase of the 3rd type is allowed in the opposite side of the corridor (gallery). 7.2.7 During the superstructure of existing buildings up to 28 m in one floor, the existing staircase type L1 type is allowed under the condition of the extension of the floor of the emergency yield of 6.20 *, a), b) or c) SNiP 21-01. 7.2.8 With a total area of \u200b\u200bapartments on the floor, and for the sectional type buildings - on the section of the section, more than 500 m2 evacuation should be carried out at least two staircase cells (normal or non-viable). In residential buildings with a total area of \u200b\u200bapartments on the floor section (the floor of the corridor, gallery house) from 500 to 550 m2, a device of one evacuation exit from the apartments is allowed: at the height of the upper floor is not more than 28 m - in the usual staircase, provided the front equipment in the apartments targeted fire alarm sensors; With the altitude of the upper floor layout, more than 28 m - in one unlucky staircase, subject to the equipment of all apartments (except bathrooms, bathrooms, shower and woofer) address fire alarm sensors or automatic fire extinguishing. 7.2.9 For a multi-level apartment, it is allowed not to provide for an exit to the staircase from each floor, provided that the apartment's premises are located not higher than 18 m and the floor of an apartment that does not have a direct exit to the staircase is ensured by an emergency exit in accordance with the requirements of 6.20 *, and ), b) or c) SNiP 21-01. The intra-ordinary staircase is allowed to perform wooden. 7.2.10 The passage to the outer air zone of the N1 type staircase is allowed through the elevator hall, while the device of the elevator and doors shafts in them must be performed in accordance with the requirements 7. 22 SNiP 21-01. 7.2.11 In buildings up to 50 m with a total area of \u200b\u200bapartments on the floor section of up to 500 m2, the evacuation output is allowed to provide on the staircase type H2 or H3 when the device in the building of one of the elevators providing transportation of fire divisions and the corresponding NPB 250 requirements. At the same time The exit to the staircase H2 should be provided through the tambour (or elevator hall), and the door of the staircase, the mines of elevators, tambour-gateways and tambouries should be fire-fighting 2nd type. 7.2.12 In section houses with a height of more than 28 m, the way out of unseasonable stair cells (type H1) is allowed to be arranged through the lobby (in the absence of outputs from the car park and public premises), separated from the adjacent corridors by fire-fighting partitions 1-th type with fire-fighting 2-type doors. In this case, the message of the H1 staircase type with the lobby should be arranged through the air zone. It is allowed to fill the opening of the air zone on the first floor with a metal grille. On the way from the apartment to the staircase H1 should be at least two (not counting the doors from the apartment) sequentially located self-closing doors. 7.2.13 In the building height of three floors and more outputs outward from the basements, basement floors and technical underground should be located at least in 100 m and should not be communicated with the staircase cells of the residential part of the building. Outputs from basements and basement floors are allowed to be arranged through the staircase of the residential part in buildings up to 5 floors. These outputs must be separated within the first floor from the exit of the residential part of the 1-th type firefields. Outputs from the technical floors should be provided in accordance with 6.21 SNiP 21-01. Outputs from the technical floors located in the middle or upper part of the building are allowed through common staircases, and in buildings with staircases H1 through the air zone. 7.2.14 In the device of emergency yields from the attic floors on the roof according to 6.20 * SNiP 21-01, it is necessary to provide platforms and transitional bridges with a fence according to GOST 25772, leading to the 3rd type stairs and P2 stairs. 7.2.15 Public premises must have inputs and evacuation outputs, isolated from the residential part of the building. When placed in the upper floor, workshops of artists and architects, as well as office premises, allowed as a second evacuation exit staircase cells of the residential part of the building, and the message of the floor with a staircase should be provided through a vestibule with fire doors. The door in the Tambura, which goes on the staircase, should be provided with opening only from the inside of the room. A device for one evacuation exit from the premises of public agencies placed in the first and ground floors with a total area of \u200b\u200bnot more than 300 m2 and the number of no more than 15 people are allowed. 7.3 Fire Requirements for Engineering Systems and Building Equipment 7.3.1 The modern protection of buildings should be performed in accordance with SNiP 41-01. In buildings with a height of more than 28 m with unseasonable staircase cells, it is necessary to remove smoke from floor corridors through special mines with forced extracts and valves suitable on each floor at the rate of one mine for 30 m of the corridor. For each mining mine, an autonomous fan should be provided. Smoke derivation mines should have a limit of fire resistance of at least EI 60. In the elevator mines in buildings with a height of more than 28 m during a fire, an outdoor air supply should be provided according to SNiP 41-01. 7.3.2 The ventilation installations of the air and smoke removal support should be located in separate ventilation chambers, beaten off the 1st-type firefights. The opening of the valves and the inclusion of fans should be provided automatically from the sensors installed in the hallways of apartments, in extracarty corridors or halls, in the premises of the concierge, as well as remote from the buttons installed on each floor in the cabinets of fire cranes. 7.3.3 The protection of buildings by automatic fire alarms should be provided in accordance with the NPB 110. If there is an automatic fire alarm in the building, it should be installed in extracarty corridors and garbage cells to install smoke fire detectors. Thermal fire detectors installed in the hallways of buildings of plates with a height of more than 28 m must have a response temperature of not more than 52 ° C. Residential premises of apartments and hostels (except the bathrooms, bathrooms, shower, minor, saunas) should be equipped with autonomous flue fire detectors, relevant to the requirements of the NPB 66. 7.3.4 The fire alert system should be carried out in accordance with the NPB 104. 7.3.5 Outdoor and Inland electrical networks must be equipped with protective shutdown devices (UZO) according to PUE. 7.3.6 In the kitchen of residential buildings, 11 floors with a height of 11 floors and the installation of kitchen stoves on gas fuel is no longer allowed. 7.3.7 In the absence of the possibility or appropriateness of the accession of new and reconstructed apartment buildings to a centralized or autonomous heat supply system in apartments and built-in public areas, except for the premises of children's and medical institutions, it is allowed to provide for individual heat supply systems with natural gas heat generators with closed combustion chambers . For hot water systems, it is allowed to use heat generators with an open combustion chamber in the apartments of residential buildings of the class structural fire hazard C0, I, II and III degrees of fire resistance and a height of no more than 5 floors. 7.3.8 Heat generators should be placed in a separate non-residential room, while the total thermal power of heat generators should not exceed 100 kW. The installation of heat generators with total thermal power up to 35 kW is allowed to be provided in the kitchen. The room for heat generators is not allowed to be placed in the basement. It must have a window with a glazing area at the rate of 0.03 m2 per 1 m3 of the room, with a window or other special device for conducting, located at the top of the window. The volume of the room is determined on the basis of the conditions for the convenience of operation of heat generators and the production of installation work and be at least 15 m3. The height of the room should be at least 2.2 m. The size of the room should provide a passage device with a width of at least 0.7 m. Heat generators should be installed: - in the walls or on walls from non-combustible (NG) and hard-threshable (g1) materials; - At a distance, no closer to 3 cm from the walls of combustible materials coated with non-combustible (NG) or difficult (g1) wall materials. The specified wall coating should be for the dimensions of the heat generator housing at least 10 cm. The floor section under the floor heat generator should have a protective coating of non-combustible (NG) or hard-sally (r1) materials and to perform for the dimensions of the heat generator housing at least 10 cm. 7.3 .9 Apartment generators of heat, cooking and heating furnaces working on solid fuel is allowed to provide in residential buildings up to two floors inclusive (excluding the basement). Storage hard fuels should be placed in economic buildings. 7.3.10 Heat generators, including furnaces and fireplaces on solid fuel, cooking plates and chimneys should be made with the implementation of constructive measures in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 41-01. Heat generators and cooking plates of factory manufacturers should also be established taking into account the safety requirements contained in the instructions of manufacturers. 7.3.11 The garbage collector should be protected over the entire area with sprinkler rods. The area of \u200b\u200bthe distribution pipeline of the rods must be ring, connected to the network of economic and drinking water pipeline building and have thermal insulation from non-combustible materials. The camera door must be insulated. 7.3.12 In the two-storey buildings of V, the degree of fire resistance with the number of apartments 4 and more should be provided in the volume of the staircase, the dry machine device with its output into the attic. Sukhroid should have extended nozzles equipped with valves and connecting heads to connect mobile fire equipment, and in the attic - the connecting head for connecting the fire sleeve. In distribution (input) electrical panels of these buildings should include the installation of self-screening fire extinguishers. 7.4 Ensuring the extinguishing of fire and rescue operations 7.4.1 Through travel in buildings should be taken in the light in the light of at least 3.5 m, a height is at least 4.25 m for buildings up to 50 m high and not less than 4.5 m - for buildings More than 50 m high. Through the passages through the staircases of buildings should be located at a distance one from the other no more than 100 m. It is allowed not to arrange through passages through the staircases when the water supply networks is installed with the installation of fire hydrants from two opposite sides of the building. 7.4.2 In each compartment of the basement or basement, highlighted by fireproof obstacles, at least two windows with dimensions of at least 0.91.2 m with apartments should be provided. The free area of \u200b\u200bthe specified windows must be taken by calculation, but not less than 0.2% of the floor area of \u200b\u200bthese premises. The sizes of the pit should allow the supply of fire extinguishing agent from the foam generator and removing smoke with the smoke (the distance from the wall of the building to the border of the pit should be at least 0.7 m). 7.4.3 In the transverse walls of cellars and technical subcondures of large-poinner buildings, an opening device is allowed 1.6 m high. At the same time, the height of the threshold should not exceed 0.3 m. 7.4.4 Fireproof water supply should be performed in accordance with SNiP 2.04.01 and SNiP 2.04 .02. In buildings with a height of up to 50 m, it is allowed instead of an internal fireproof water supply station to provide for the device of dried tubes with outward pipes with valves and connecting heads for connecting fire cars. The connecting heads must be placed on the facade in a place convenient for installing at least two fire cars at an altitude of 0.8-1.2 m. 7.4.5 On the network of economic and drinking water supply in each apartment, it is necessary to provide a separate crane for connecting the hose equipped with a sprayer. , To use it as the primary device of inventory fire extinguishing to eliminate the fireplace. The length of the hose should provide the ability to supply water to any point of the apartment. 7.4.6 In residential buildings with a height of more than 50 m One of the elevators should ensure transportation of fire divisions and comply with the requirements of the NPB 250. 8 Security When using 8.1, a residential building must be prohibited, erected and equipped in such a way as to prevent the risk of injury by residents when moving inside And near the house, at the entrance and exit from the house, as well as when using it with elements and engineering equipment. 8.2 Bliss and width of staircase marches and ramps, height of steps, width of the extex, width of the staircase, the height of the passes on the stairs, the basement, the attractive, as well as the dimensions of the doorways should provide the convenience and safety of the movement and the ability to move the equipment of the appropriate apartments and built-in equipment In the building of public premises. The minimum width and maximum slope of staircase marches should be taken according to Table 8.1. Table 8.1 Name Marshamimylum width, Mmaximal Fixes of stairs, leading to residential floors of buildings: Sectional: Two-storey 13,051: 1.5 three-story and more as well as intra-quarter stairs0.91: 1.25 Note - Marsha width should be determined by the distance between the fences or between the wall and the fence. The height of the differences in the floor level of different premises and spaces in the building should be safe. In the necessary cases, handrails and ramps should be provided. The number of lifts in one staircase march or on the level of levels should be at least 3 and not more than 18. The use of stairs with different heights and depth of steps is not allowed. In duplex apartments, intra-quarter stairs are allowed screw or with overtook steps, while the width of the sticking in the middle should be at least 18 cm. 8.3 The height of the stairs, balconies, balconies, loggias, terraces, roofs and in places of dangerous drops should be at least 1.2 m . Staircase marches and playgrounds must have fences with handrails. Fences must be continuous, equipped with handrails and are designed for the perception of horizontal loads of at least 0.3 kN / m. 8.4 Structural solutions of elements of the house (including the location of emptiness, methods of sealing places of passing pipelines through structures, the device of the ventilation holes, the placement of thermal insulation, etc. ) should provide protection against rodent penetration. 8.5 Engineering systems of the building should be designed and mounted taking into account the requirements of the security contained in the regulatory documents of the state supervisory authorities and instructions of the equipment manufacturers. 8.6 Engineering equipment and devices with possible seismic impacts should be securely fixed. 8.7 The fireplace is allowed to design in the apartment on the last floor of a residential building, at any level of a multi-level apartment placed the latter in the house. 8.8 In a residential building and at the local area, activities should be provided to reduce the risks of criminal manifestations and their consequences that contribute to the protection of people living in a residential building and minimize possible damage in the event of unlawful actions. These activities are established in the task of design in accordance with the regulatory legal acts of local authorities and may include the use of explosion protection structures, installation of intercoms, code locks, security alarm systems, protective designs of window openings in the first, base and upper floors, in the pittal veils, and Also the doors of the entrance, leading to the basement, in the attic and, if necessary, to other premises. General security systems (television control, security alarm system, etc.) must ensure the protection of fire equipment from unauthorized access and vandalism. Events aimed at reducing the risks of criminal manifestations should be complemented at the stage of operation. 8.9 In the individual residential buildings determined by the plan for the placement of civil defense structures, double-purpose premises should be designed in accordance with the indications of SNiP II-11. 8.10 Lightning protection is designed in accordance with the requirements of the RD 34.21.122. 8.11 On the operated roofs of residential buildings (except for residential buildings with public premises on the upper floors), roofing of built-in and attached public premises, as well as at the entrance area, on summer extremary rooms, in the connecting elements between residential buildings, including open non-residential Floors (first and intermediate) used for the device of sports fields for recreation of adult houses at home, platforms for drying linen and cleaning clothing or solarium, it is necessary to provide the necessary security measures (device of fences and measures to protect ventilation issues). 8.12 When designing a sauna in apartments, it should be provided: - the volume of the paril - no more than 24 m3; - a special furnace of factory manufacturer for heating with automatic shutdown when the temperature is 130 ° C, as well as after 8 hours of continuous operation; - placement of this furnace at a distance of at least 0.2 m from the walls of the paril; - device above the furnace of a non-heat insulation shield; - Equipment of the ventilation channel with fire-holder valve in accordance with SNiP 41-01. 8.13 Electrical panel, room for head stations (GS), technical centers (shopping center) of cable television, sound transformer substations (SPT), as well as places for telephone distribution cabinets (HRH) should not be placed with wet processes (bathrooms, bathrooms, etc. .). 8.14 GS, shopping center premises, TPPs must have inputs directly from the street; The placing the electrical panel (including for communication equipment, ASUU, dispatching and television) should have an entrance directly from the street or from a floor extra-weltering corridor (Hall); To the site of the installation of the HTR approach should also be from the specified corridor. 9 Providing sanitary and epidemiological requirements 9.1 When designing and building residential buildings in accordance with these norms and rules, measures should be provided to ensure the implementation of sanitary and epidemiological and environmental requirements for the health of people and the environmental environment (Sanpin 2.1.2.1002, etc.) . 9.2 Estimated air parameters in the premises of a residential building should be taken according to the optimal standards of GOST 30494. The multiplicity of air exchange indoors should be taken in accordance with Table 9.1. Table 9.1 Indoor or the value of air exchange, m3 per hour, non-using the non-working regime mode maintenance mode, common, children's rooms0.21,0,0,01,0,02,21,21, clothes, wardrobe0,20,20,025 Записть, Бильярная 0,280 m3 , 590 m3kuchny with electric stilt0.560 M3 admission with gas-grade equipment1,01,0 + 100 m3 per discontinuity with heat generators and furnaces on solid fuel0.51,0 + 100 m3 per plate, shower, restroom, combined bathrooms0.525 m3suna 0.510 m3 1 personshire branch of elevator-for calculating consumption 1.0Po Calculation of the air exchange chamber1,01.0 The multiplicity of air exchange in all ventilated rooms not specified in the table, in non-working mode should be at least 0.2 volume of room per hour. 9.3 With the heat engineering calculation of the enclosing structures of residential buildings, an internal air temperature of heated rooms should be taken at least 20 ° C. 9.4 The system of heating and ventilation of the building should be designed to provide indoors during the heating period of internal air temperature within the optimal parameters set by GOST 30494, with calculated external air parameters for the relevant construction areas. When the air conditioning system device, the optimal parameters must be provided in the warm period of the year. In buildings, built in areas with the calculated temperature of the outer air minus 40 ° C and below, heating the surface of residential premises and kitchens should be provided, as well as public premises with a permanent stay of people located above the cold undergrounds, or should be provided in accordance with Snip 23-02 requirements. 9.5 Ventilation system should maintain the purity (quality) of air in the premises and the uniformity of its distribution. Ventilation can be: - with natural influx and air removal; - with the mechanical motivation of the inflow and removal of air, including combined with air heating; - Combined with a natural influx and air removal with partial use of mechanical motivation. 9.6 In residential premises and kitchen, air flow is provided through adjustable window sash, fraumuga, vectors, valves, or other devices, including autonomous wall air valves with adjustable opening. If necessary, apartments designed for III and IV climatic areas should be additionally provided with through or angular ventilation. 9.7 Air removal should be provided from kitchens, restrooms, bathrooms and, if necessary, from other apartments, it should be provided for the installation on exhaust channels and air ducts adjustable ventilation grids and valves. Air out of rooms in which harmful substances or unpleasant odors may be released, should be removed directly out and not to fall into other building rooms, including through ventilation channels. Association of ventilation channels from kitchens, restrooms, bathrooms (shower), combined bathrooms, storage rooms for products with ventilation channels from gas- propelled equipment and car parks are not allowed. 9.8 Ventilation of the embedded public premises, besides those specified in 4.14, must be autonomous. 9.9 In buildings with a warm attack, air removal from the attic should be provided through one exhaust mine for each section of the house with a mine height of at least 4.5 m from overlapping over the last floor. 9.10 In the outer walls of basements, technical underground and a cold attic that do not have exhaust ventilation should include produced by a total area of \u200b\u200bat least 1/400 of the field of technical underground or basement, evenly located along the perimeter of the outer walls. The area of \u200b\u200bone product must be at least 0.05 m2. 9.11 The duration of the insolation of apartments (premises) of a residential building should be taken as required by SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1076. The normalized insolation duration must be provided: in one-, two- and three-room apartments - at least one living room; In four-room apartments and more - not less than two residential rooms. 9.12 Natural lighting should have residential rooms and kitchens, public premises, built into residential buildings, except for rooms, the placement of which is allowed in the basements according to SNiP 2.08.02. 9.13 The ratio of the area of \u200b\u200blight openings to the floor of the floor of residential premises and kitchens should be taken not more than 1: 5.5 and at least 1: 8; For the upper floors with light openings in the plane of inclined enclosing structures - at least 1:10, taking into account the lighting characteristics of windows and shading with opposing buildings. 9.14 Natural lighting is not normalized for the premises located under the mezzanine in two-duty rooms; Post-first, pantry, dressing room, premises of bathrooms, restrooms, combined sanitary nodes; front and intra-quarter corridors and holls; Welsh tambourists, flooring extracarty corridors, lobby and holls. 9.15 The normalized indicators of natural and artificial illumination of various rooms should be installed in accordance with SNiP 23-05. The illumination in the fields in the building should be at least 6 LCs for horizontal surfaces and at least 10 LCs for vertical (up to 2 m) surfaces. 9.16 When illuminated through light openings in the outer walls of common corridors, their length should not exceed: if there is a light opening in one end - 24 m, in two ends - 48 m. With a greater length of the corridors, it is necessary to provide additional natural lighting through light pockets. The distance between the two light pockets should be no more than 24 m, and between the light pocket and light opening in the face of the corridor - no more than 30 m. The width of the light pocket, which the stairwell can serve, should be at least 1.5 m. Through one light Pocket is allowed to illuminate corridors up to 12 m long, located on both sides. 9.17 In buildings designed for construction in the III climatic area, light openings in residential rooms and kitchens, and in the IVA climatic subarea, also in loggias, should be equipped with an outer adjustable sunscreen within the 200-290 ° sector. In two-storey buildings, sunscreen is allowed to provide landscaping. 9.18 External enclosing building structures should have thermal insulation, insulation from the penetration of outer cold air and vapor barrier from the diffusion of water vapor from the rooms, providing: - the required temperature and the absence of moisture condensation on the inner surfaces of the indoor structures; - Preventing the accumulation of excess moisture in structures. The difference in the inner air and surface surfaces of the outer walls at the estimated temperature of the inner air must comply with the requirements of SNiP 23-02. 9.19 In I - III, climatic areas with all external inputs in residential buildings should include tambura depth of at least 1.5 m. Double tamboras when entering residential buildings should be designed depending on the flood of buildings and the area of \u200b\u200btheir construction according to Table 9.2. 9.20 The premises of the building should be protected from the penetration of rain, thawed and groundwater and possible domestic leaks of water from engineering systems with structural means and technical devices. Table 9.2 The average temperature of the coldest five days, ° duded tambour in buildings with a number of flooded floors 20 and above 16 and greensing minus 20 to minus 25 on. 12 "" "" 25 "" 35 "10" "" "35" "40" 4 "" "" 40 1 "" Notes 1 With a direct entry into an apartment, a double tambour should be designed with an unheated staircase. 2 A veranda can be used as a tambour. 9.21 roofs should be designed, as a rule, with organized drainage. It is allowed to provide for an unorganized drainage from the roofs of 2-storey buildings under the condition of the visor's device above the inputs and the scene. 9.22 Not allowed by the restroom and bathroom (or shower) directly above the residential rooms and kitchens. Placing a restroom and bathroom (or shower) in the upper level above the kitchen is allowed in apartments located in two levels. 9.23 When used in the construction of new materials and products, the latter should have a hygienic conclusion issued by the bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service. 9.24 During the construction of buildings in areas where, according to engineering and environmental research, there are allocations of soil gases (radon, methane, etc. ), Measures must be taken to be insulated with the soil of floors and walls of basements in order to prevent the penetration of soil gas from the soil into the building, and other measures contributing to the decrease in its concentration in accordance with the requirements of the relevant sanitary standards. 9.25 Soundproofing of outdoor and internal enclosing residential premises should ensure a decrease in sound pressure from external noise sources, as well as from shock and noise of equipment engineering systems, air ducts and pipelines to a level not exceeding the permissible SNIP 23-03. Emergency walls and partitions must have an air noise insulation index not lower than 50 dB. 9.26 Noise levels from engineering equipment and other domestic sources of noise should not exceed the established permissible levels and no more than 2 dBAs exceed the background values \u200b\u200bdetermined by the intake-in-room source of noise, both in day and at night. 9.27 To ensure a permissible level of noise, the fastening of sanitary devices and pipelines is not allowed directly to the inter-weltering walls and partitions, which enclosing residential rooms, is not allowed to place the machine room and mines of elevators, garbage collecting chamber, a garbage disposal and a device for cleaning it and washing over residential rooms, under They, as well as adjacent to them. 9.28 The supply of drinking water should be provided from the centralized water supply network of the settlement. In areas without centralized engineering networks for one-, two-storey buildings, individual and collective sources of water supply from underground aquifers or water bodies are allowed to calculate the daily flow of economic and drinking water of at least 60 liters per person. In areas with limited water resources, the estimated daily flow consumption is allowed to be reduced by coordination with local bodies of the Ministry of Health of Russia. 9.29 To remove wastewater, a sewage system should be provided - centralized or local in accordance with the rules set in SNiP 2.04.01. Wastewater should be removed without contamination of the territory and aquifers. 9.30 Devices for collecting and removing solid household waste and waste from the operation of public buildings built into the residential building, including garbage purposes, must be implemented in accordance with the rules of exploitation of housing fund adopted by local authorities. 9.31 The garbage chute should be equipped with a device for periodic flushing, cleaning, disinfection and automatic fire extinguishing of the trunk in accordance with the requirements of SanPiN 4690. The garbage trunk must be an airproof, soundproofed from building structures and should not be adjusted to residential premises. 10 Durability and maintainability 10.1 When complying with the established rules, the supporting structures of the building must maintain their properties in accordance with the requirements of these standards and the rules during the alleged service life, which can be established in the design task. 10.2 The supporting structures of the building, which determine its strength and stability, as well as the service life of the building as a whole, should maintain their properties within acceptable limits, taking into account the requirements of SNiP 20-01 and building standards and rules for building structures from the corresponding materials. 10.3 Elements, details, equipment with deadlines are smaller than the estimated service life of the building must be replaced in accordance with the interremary periods established in the project and taking into account the requirements of the design task. The decision to apply less or more durable elements, materials or equipment with an appropriate increase or decrease in frertime periods is established by technical and economic calculations. At the same time, the materials, design and technology of construction work should be chosen given to ensure the minimum subsequent costs of repair, maintenance and operation. 10.4 Construction and parts should be made of materials with resistance to possible moisture, low temperatures, aggressive medium, biological and other adverse factors according to SNiP 2.03.11. In the necessary cases, appropriate measures should be taken from the penetration of rain, melting, groundwater into the thickness of the bearing and enclosing structures of the building, as well as the formation of an unacceptable amount of condensing moisture in external enclosing structures by sufficient sealing of structures or ventilation devices of closed spaces and air suits. The necessary protective formulations and coverage should be applied in accordance with the requirements of existing regulatory documents. 10.5 Button compounds of prefabricated elements and layered structures should be calculated on the perception of temperature-humidary deformations and efforts arising from uneven bases of bases and with other operational impacts. Sealing and sealing materials used in the joints should maintain elastic and adhesive properties when exposed to negative temperatures and moisture, as well as be resistant to ultraviolet rays. Sealing materials should be compatible with the materials of protective and protective and decorative coatings of structures in the places of their conjugation. 10.6 The possibility of access to equipment, fittings and devices of engineering systems of the building and their compounds for inspection, maintenance, repair and replacement should be provided. Equipment and pipelines must be fixed on building structures in such a way that their performance is not impaired with possible displacements of structures. 10.7 During the construction of buildings in areas with complex geological conditions susceptible to seismic effects, part-time, drawdowns and other movements of the soil, including frosty, engineering communications should be carried out, taking into account the need to compensate for possible deformations of the foundation in accordance with the requirements established in regulatory documents on various Engineering networks. 11 Energy Saving 11.1 The building must be projected and erected in such a way that, when performing established requirements for the internal microclimate of premises and other conditions of residence, the efficient and economical spending of energy resources has been ensured. 11.2 Compliance with the requirements of energy saving standards are evaluated on the heat engineering characteristics of the enclosing building structures and engineering systems or by the integrated indicator of the specific consumption of thermal energy to heating and ventilation of the building. 11.3 When evaluating the energy efficiency of the building along the heat engineering characteristics of its building structures and engineering systems, the requirements of these norms are considered to be made under the following conditions: 1) the reduced heat transfer resistance and the air permeability of the enclosing structures are not lower than those required by SNiP 23-02; 2) heating, ventilation, air conditioning and hot water supply systems have automatic or manual regulation; 3) Engineering systems of the building are equipped with thermal energy metering devices, cold and hot water, electricity and gas with centralized supply. 11.4 When evaluating the energy efficiency of the building according to the integrated indicator of the specific energy consumption on its heating and ventilation, the requirements of these norms are considered to be fulfilled if the calculated value of the specific energy consumption for maintaining the normalized microclimate parameters and air quality does not exceed the maximum allowable regulatory value. In this case, the third condition must be performed. 3. 11.5 In order to achieve the optimal technical and economic characteristics of the building and further reduced the specific energy consumption for heating, it is recommended to include: - the most compact volume-planning solution of the building; - orientation of the building and its premises in relation to the countries of light, taking into account the prevailing areas of cold wind and solar radiation streams; - the use of effective engineering equipment of the relevant nomenclature series with increased efficiency; - disposal of heat of exhaust air and wastewater, the use of renewable energy sources (solar, wind, etc.). If, as a result of the specified measures, conditions 11.4 are provided with smaller values \u200b\u200bof the heat transfer resistance of the enclosing structures than it is necessary to reduce 23-02, the indicators of the heat transfer resistance indicators are allowed to reduce compared with the established norms. The heat engineers of the building and the class of energy efficiency contribute to the energy passport of the building and subsequently specify them according to the results of operation and, taking into account the measures carried out on energy saving. 11.6 In order to control the energy efficiency of the building on regulatory informations, project documentation should contain the section "Energy Efficiency". This section should contain an energy passport of the building in accordance with SNiP 23-02, information on the assignment of the class of energy efficiency of the building, conclusion on the compliance of the project of the building with the requirements of these standards and recommendations for improving energy efficiency if the project is needed. Appendixa and regulatory references SNIP 2.01.07-85 * load and impacts 2.02.01-83 * bases of buildings and structures 2.02.03-85Svynya foundations 2.02.04-88Onims and foundations on the perplexes of soilsnip 2.03.11-85 Protection of building structures from corrosionnip 2.04 .01-85 * Internal water supply and sewerage of the buildingsNip 2.04.02-84 * Water supply. External networks and structures 2.07.01-89 * Urban planning. Planning and buildings of urban and rural settlementsSnip 2.08.02-89 * Public buildings and structures of II-7-81 * Construction in seismic areas of II-11-77 * Protective buildings of civilian workers 20-01-2003 Construction structures and grounds. Major Region 21-01-97 * Fire safety of buildings and structures 21-02-99 * Parking CarsNip 23-02-200tete protection of the buildingSnip 23-03-2003 Protection from Shumasnip 23-05-95 * Natural and artificial illumination 31-02-2001 Residential single-heading 35-01-2001 availability of buildings and structures for low-handed groups of the population of 41-01-2003Text, ventilation and air conditioning 25772-83 products of stairs, balconies and steel roofs. General technical conditions 30494-96 Residential and public. The parameters of the microclimate in the room of P 51631-2000Lifts passenger. Technical requirements of accessibility for the disabled personnel of the device electrical installations 66-97 Likers of fire range. General technical requirements. Test Methods 104-03Systems of the alert and management of people's evacuation during fires in buildings and structuresCHNPB110-03 of buildings, structures, facilities and equipment to be protected by automatic fire extinguishing plants and automatic fire alarm systems 250-97Lifts for transporting fire units in buildings and structures. General Technical Requirements Parts 01-03 Running Fire Safety in the Russian FederationD 34.21.122-87 Instructions on the device Lightning protection of buildings and structures 2.1.2.1002-00Sanitarian and epidemiological requirements for residential buildings and premises 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1076-01Gigenic requirements for insolation and sunscreen Residential and public buildings and territorialsSanpin 4690-88Sanitary rules for the content of territories of populated areas on the accounting of the Housing Fund in the Russian Federation Appendix B Terms and Definitions Thermal Definition1 Building, Plot1.1 Vehicle Building Apartment, including: a residential building in which apartments have common extracartic Premises and engineering systems1.1a residential building sectional type, consisting of one or more sections separated from each other with walls without openings, with apartments of one section, having an output to one staircase directly or through the corridor1.1b residential building gallery title, in which Ohm All Floor Apartments have exits through a common gallery of at least two stairs1.1V a residential building of the corridor-type, in which all floor apartments have exits through a common corridor at least two stairs1.1g blocked residential entrance consisting of two apartments and more Each of which has directly entering the pillage note - in this document - in addition to blocked residential buildings consisting of autonomous residential blocks, designed by SNiP 31-021.2. Attached Publicate Plot, adjacent to the residential building (apartment) with direct access to it 2 floors2 .1 floor Overhead flooring with flooring placed room not lower than planning marks of the Earth2.2 Floor underground floor with flooring room below the planning mark of the Earth for the entire height of the premises2.3 Floor of the primary floor-mounted floor building2. 4 floor Cocolting with flooring with flooring rooms below the planning mark of the earth to the height of not more than half of the rooms of the room2.5 floor basement flooring with the floor of the room below the layer of the land more than half the height of the premises or the first underground floor2.6 the floor of the attic one in the attic space, the facade of which is completely Or partly formed by the surface (surfaces) of the inclined, broken or curvilinear roof2.7. Technical flooring for the placement of engineering equipment and gaskets, can be located at the bottom of the building (technical underground), the top (technical attic) or between the above-ground floors. An intermediate space of 1.8 m high and less used for laying communications, floor is not 2.8 Planning marks of the Earth's Earth's border on the border of the Earth and Games of the room3 of the room, platforms3.1 Balcony-built out of the plane of the wall of the facade fenced platform. It may be glazed3.2 a verandasxtachable unheated room attached to the building or built into it, which has no restrictions in depth3.3 odited or attached, open to the external space, fenced from three sides by the walls (from two - with an angular location) with depth, limited by the requirements of the natural lighting of the room, to the outer wall of which it is adjacent. It may be glazed3.4 terraced outdoor area attached to the building, or placed on the roof below. May have a roof and outlet of the adjoining premises of the house3.5 elevator hallmaking in front of the entrance to the elevators3.6 the tubarproof space between the doors, which serves to protect against penetration of cold air, smoke and smells at the entrance to the building, staircase or other rooms3.7 Light pockets with Natural lighting adjacent to the corridor and serving for its lighting. The role of the light pocket can perform a staircase separated from the corridor a glazed door with a width of at least 1.2 m3.8 underground SNiP 31-023.9 \u200b\u200bunderground the ventilated space under the building between the surface of the soil and the overlap of the first above-ground floor 3.10 the attic space between the overlapping of the upper floor, the building coated (roofs) and outer walls located above overlapping of the upper floor3.11 Economic storeroom (extra-quarterly) room designed for storage by residents at home outside the apartment of things, equipment, vegetables, etc., excluding explosive substances and materials located in the first, basement or basement floors of a residential building3. 12 ParkingPo SNiP 31-023.13 Menet frequencies in the volume of double room, with an area of \u200b\u200bno more than 40% of the floor area of \u200b\u200bthe double room or the indoor area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment located within the flooded height of the area, which has a size of no more than 40% of the area in which it is constructed3.14 Public premises in this document - premises intended for carrying out activities for residents of residents of the houses, residents of the adjacent residential area, and others allowed by the application to the rules of the State SeaPidnadzor in residential buildings. .1 The area of \u200b\u200bresidential buildings should be determined by their dimensions, measured between the walls of the walls and partitions at the floor level (excluding baseboards). The area occupied by the furnace, including a furnace with a fireplace, which are included in the heating system of the building, and are not decorative, it is not included in the area of \u200b\u200bpremises. B.2. Open areas (balconies, loggias, terraces) should be determined by their size measured by the inner contour (between the wall of the building and the fencing) of the open room without taking into account the area occupied by the fence. B.3 Area placed in the volume of residential building of public premises is calculated according to the rules set in SNiP 2.08.02. V.4 The building area of \u200b\u200bthe building is defined as the area of \u200b\u200bthe horizontal section on the external structure of the building at the ground level, including the protruding parts. The area under the building located on the supports, as well as the passages under it are included in the building area. V.5 When determining the floor floors, all overhead floors are included in the number of above-ground floors, including the technical floor, attic, as well as the ground floor, if the overlap of its overlap is above the average level of the earth at least 2 m. The underground under the building is independent From its height, as well as the inter-space with a height of less than 1.8 m in the number of above-ground floors are not included. With different number of floors in different parts of the building, as well as when placing a building on a plot with a slope, when the number of floors increases, the number of floors is determined separately for each part of the building. When determining the floor of the building for calculating the number of elevators, the technical floor located above the upper floor is not taken into account. Notes 1 Apartment area and other technical indicators counted for statistical accounting and technical inventory purposes are determined by the rules established in "Instructions on the accounting of the Housing Fund in the Russian Federation". 2 Rules for determining the area of \u200b\u200bthe residential building, its floors and construction volumes that are not technical indicators are transferred to the set of rules for architectural and planning solutions of residential buildings. Appendix M Minimum number of passenger elevators Floors to buildings Lift Lift Products, KGN, M / Single Floor Area of \u200b\u200bApartments, M2Do 91630 or 10001.060010-1224001.0600630 or 100013-1724001,0450630 or 1000188-192400630 or 10001630 or 10001,234,1230 or 10001,6350630 100020-2544004001,6450630 or 1000630 or 1000 Notes 1 Elevators with a carrying capacity of 630 or 1000 kg should have the dimensions of the cabin MIN 21001100 mm. 2 The table is compiled at the rate of: 18 m2 of the total area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment per person, the height of the floor is 2.8 m, the interval of the elevators of 81-100 s. 3 In residential buildings in which the values \u200b\u200bof the foundation area of \u200b\u200bapartments, the heights of the floor and the total area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment coming per living differ from the table adopted in the table. The number, load capacity and speed of passenger elevators are set by calculation. 4 In residential buildings with multi-level apartments located on the upper floors, the passenger elevator stop is allowed on one of the floors of apartments. In this case, the floors of the building for calculating the number of elevators are determined by the floor of the upper stop. Keywords: apartment buildings, floors, passenger elevators, first, base, basement, attic floor, fire safety Contents Introduction 1 Application area 2 Regulatory references 3 Terms and definitions 4 General provisions 5 Requirements for the premises of apartments 6 Bearing capacity and deformity of structures 7 Fire safety 8 Safety when using 9 Providing sanitary and epidemiological requirements 10 Durableness and maintainability 11 Energy saving Appendix A Regulatory references Appendix B Terms and definitions Appendix in the rules for determining the area of \u200b\u200bpremises, building area and floor floors when designing an application M. Minimum number of passenger elevators
Act Editorial 23.06.2003
| Name Document | "Buildings Residential apartment buildings. Construction standards and rules of the Russian Federation. SNiP 31-01-2003" (approved by the Resolution of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation dated 23.06.2003 No. 109) |
| Document type | resolution, norms, rules |
| Accepted by | gosstroy RF |
| Document Number | SNiP 31-01-2003 |
| Date of adoption | 01.01.1970 |
| Date of editorial | 23.06.2003 |
| Date of registration in the Ministry of Justice | 01.01.1970 |
| Status | act |
| Publication |
|
| Navigator | Notes |
"Buildings Residential apartment buildings. Construction standards and rules of the Russian Federation. SNiP 31-01-2003" (approved by the Resolution of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation dated 23.06.2003 No. 109)
IntroductionIn sections 4, 6 - 10 of these norms, the requirements corresponding to the objectives of technical regulations and subject to mandatory compliance with part 1 of Article 46 of the Federal Law "On Technical Regulation".
Apartment residential buildings started by construction on project documentation developed and approved before January 1, 2004 can be maintained and commissioned without adjusting project documentation in accordance with the requirements of these standards and rules.
The work was performed by the author's team: FSUE CNS (candidates tehn. Sciences S.N. Nersesov, L.S. Exler), FCS Gosstroy Russia (Cand. Archite. L.A. Viktorova; N.N. Polyakov); JSC "TsNIIEPHIILS" (Dr. Tekhn. Sciences Yu.G. Granik); MNIITEP (candidates Archite. S.I. Yakhkind, I.S. Genkina, L.V. Petrov, Cand. Geogr. Sciences L.I. Konova, Inzh. V.I. Lagger), Niizf Raasn (Cand. Tech. Sciences Yu.A. Sailors); Oppical Moskomarchitecture (ARH. A.P. Zobnin); Human ecology and environmental hygiene them. A.A. Syshin (prof., Dr. Med. Sciences Yu.D. Gubernsky, Cand. Med. Sciences N.V. Kalinina); TC 209 "Elevators, building lifts and escalators" (S.M. Roytburd); Maintenance management of the Gosstroita of Russia (V.A. Glukharev).
4.4 The project should be accompanied by an instruction manual for apartments and public premises at home.
Instructions for the exploitation of apartments and premises of the house must contain the data necessary for tenants (owners) of apartments and built-in public spaces, as well as operating organizations to ensure safety during operation, including: information about the main designs and engineering systems, the location of hidden elements and The frames of the frame, hidden wiring and engineering networks, as well as the limit values \u200b\u200bof the loads on the elements of the house structures and on its power supply. These data can be represented as copies of executive documentation. In addition, the instruction should include the rules for the content and maintenance of fire protection systems and evacuation plan for fire.
4.5 In residential buildings it should be provided: economic and drinking, fire and hot water supply, sewage and drainage in accordance with SNiP 2.04.01 and SNiP 2.04.02; Heating, ventilation, copyright protection - in accordance with SNiP 41-01.
4.6 In residential buildings it is necessary to provide electrical lighting, power electrical equipment, telephonification, radio, television antennas and ringing alarms, as well as automatic fire alarms, fire alarm systems and fire management systems, elevators for transporting fire units and tools to rescue people in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents .
4.7 On the roofs of residential buildings, it should be provided for the installation of collective reception antennas and racks of wired broadcasting networks. Installation of radio relay masts and towers are prohibited.
4.8 Provide elevators follows in residential buildings with a floor mark of the upper residential floor, exceeding the level of floor marks of the first floor to 11.2 m.
In residential buildings started by construction after 01.01.2010, in IA, IB, IG, ID and IVA climatic subarea elevators should be provided in buildings with the floor of the upper floor, which exceeds the level of floor marks of the first floor to 9.0 m.
The minimum number of passenger elevators, which must be equipped with residential buildings of various floors, is given in Appendix G.
It is allowed when justifying not to provide for elevators when adding existing 5-storey residential buildings in one floor. In buildings equipped with an elevator, it is allowed not to provide for an elevator in the exhaust floor.
In residential buildings in which on the floors above the first, the placement of apartments for families with disabled people using wheelchairs should be provided for passenger elevators or lifting platforms in accordance with the requirements of SNIP 35-01, GOST R 51631 and NPB 250.
4.9 Width of sites in front of the elevators should allow the use of an elevator for transporting a patient on ambulance stretcher and be at least M:
1.5 - in front of the lifts with a carrying capacity of 630 kg with a cabin width of 2100 mm;
2.1 - in front of lifts with a carrying capacity of 630 kg with a cab of a cab 2100 mm.
With a double row arrangement of elevators, the width of the elevator hall must be at least m:
1.8 - When installing elevators with a cab in a cab of less than 2100 mm;
2.5 - when installing elevators from a cab in a cab 2100 mm and more.
4.10 in the base, first and second floors of a residential building (in large and largest cities<1> In the third floor) it is allowed to accommodate built-in and built-in apartments of public destination, with the exception of objects that have a harmful effect on a person.
<1> Classification of cities - Snip 2.07.01.
Not allowed to post:
specialized stores of moskalo-chemical and other goods, the operation of which can lead to contamination of the territory and air of residential building; stores with the presence of explosion hazardous substances in them; Stores selling synthetic carpets, auto parts, tires and automotive oils;
specialized fish stores; warehouses of any destination, including wholesale (or small-optic) trade;
all enterprises, as well as stores with functioning mode after 23 hours<2>; household services enterprises that use flammable substances (except hairdressing and workshops on the repair of hours with a total area of \u200b\u200bup to 300 m2); Baths and saunas (except individual saunas in apartments);
<2> The time limit restrictions can be clarified by local self-government authorities.
equipment of food and leisure with the number of places more than 50, with a total area of \u200b\u200bmore than 250 m2 and with musical accompaniment;
laundry and dry cleaning (except for adoptive points and laundry self-service with a capacity of up to 75 kg in shift); automatic telephone stations with a total area of \u200b\u200bmore than 100 m2; public restrooms; Funeral bureau; built-in and attached transformer substations;
Production premises (except for the premises of categories in and D for the Labor of the disabled people and older people, among them: the items of issuing work at home, workshops for assembly and decorative works); dental laboratories, clinical and diagnostic and bacteriological laboratories; dispensaries of all types; Double hospitals of dispensaries and hospitals of private clinics: traumopunks, ambulance substations; dermatovenerological, psychiatric, infectious and phthisiatric cabins of medical reception; branches (cabins) of magnetic resonance tomography;
X-ray cabinets, as well as premises with therapeutic or diagnostic equipment and installations that are sources of ionizing radiation, veterinary clinics and cabinets.
Stores for the sale of synthetic carpet products are allowed to be located attached to the deaf sections of residential buildings with the Rei 150 fire resistance limit.
4.11 In the basement and basement floors of residential buildings, premises for storage, processing and use in various installations and devices of flammable and combustible liquids and gases, explosives, combustible materials are not allowed; premises for children stay; Cinemas, conference rooms and other harvesters with numbers of more than 50, as well as medical and preventive institutions. When placed in these floors of other rooms, it should also take into account the limitations set in 4.10 of this SNiP and in Appendix 4 * SNiP 2.08.02.
: In connection with the loss of force SNIP 2.08.02-89 SNiP 31-06-2009
Loading public premises built into residential buildings should be performed: from the other residential buildings that are not windows; from underground tunnels; From the highways (streets) in the presence of special loading premises.
It is allowed not to provide for the specified bootable premises at the area of \u200b\u200bbuilt-in public spaces up to 150 m2.
4.13 On the upper floor of residential buildings, workshops for artists and architects are allowed, as well as office (office) premises with the number of no more than 5 people working in each of each other, and the requirements of 7.2.15 of this SNiP.
Placing office premises in the adjustable attic floors is allowed in buildings not lower than II degree of fire resistance and a height of no more than 28 m.
4.14 In residential floors it is allowed to place public premises for individual activity (within the area of \u200b\u200bapartments). As part of apartments with bilateral orientation, it is allowed to provide for additional premises for a family kindergarten for a group of no more than 10 people; reception offices for one or two doctors (in coordination with the sanitary and epidemiological service authorities); Cabinet massage per specialist.
Family kindergarten is allowed to be placed in apartments with bilateral orientation, located not higher than the 2nd floor in buildings not lower than II degree of fire resistance when providing these apartments to emergency yield according to 6.20 *, a) or b) SNiP 21-01 and if there is a device of gaming platforms at the local area.
4.15 When a device in residential buildings of embedded or built-in and attached car parks should comply with the requirements of SNiP 21-02. Floors Residential and floors with premises for children's preschool institutions and medical and preventive institutions should be separated from parking by the technical floor.
4.16 In apartment buildings in the first, basement or basement floors, it is necessary to provide pantry cleaning equipment equipped with a sink.
4.17 The need for a garbage disposal device in residential buildings is determined by local governments depending on the adopted sebuming system.
5. Requirements for apartments5.1 Apartments in residential buildings should be designed based on the conditions for population of them with one family.
5.2 In the buildings of state and municipal housing assets, the minimum sizes of apartments in the number of rooms and their square (without taking into account the area of \u200b\u200bbalconies, terraces, veranda, loggias, cold storerooms and junction tambours) are recommended to be taken according to Table 5.1. The number of rooms and the area of \u200b\u200bapartments for specific regions and cities is clarified by the local administration, taking into account the demographic requirements achieved by the level of security of the housing and resource of housing construction.
In residential buildings of other forms of ownership, the composition of the premises and the area of \u200b\u200bapartments are set by the customer-developer in the design task.
5.3 In apartments provided to citizens, taking into account the social norm of housing area1 in the buildings of state and municipal housing stocks, residential premises should be provided (rooms) and utility: kitchen (or niche), front, bathroom (or shower) and restroom (or Combined bathroom), pantry (or economical built-in wardrobe).
1 Social norm of the area of \u200b\u200bhousing - the size of a housing area per person is determined in accordance with Art. 1 and art. 11 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Fundamentals of Federal Housing Policy".
5.4 A ventilated drying cabinet for outerwear and shoes is provided for the construction of a residential building in IA, IB, IG, and IIA climatic subarea.
Table 5.1
Loggias and balconies should be provided: in apartments of houses under construction in the III and IV climatic areas, in apartments for families with disabled people, in other types of apartments and other climatic areas - taking into account fire requirements and adverse conditions.
Unfavorable conditions for designing balconies and non-beamed loggias:
In I and II, climatic areas - a combination of average monthly air temperature and mid-monthly wind speed in July: 12 - 16 ° C and more than 5 m / s; 8 - 12 ° C and 4 - 5 m / s; 4 - 8 ° C and 4 m / s; below 4 ° C at any wind speed;
Noise from transport highways or industrial territories 75 dB and more than 2 m from the facade of a residential building (except for noise-proof residential buildings);
The concentration of dust in the air is 1.5 mg / m3 or more for 15 days or more in the period of three year-old months.
5.5 Placing residential premises in the basements and basements of residential buildings is not allowed.
5.6 The dimensions of residential and utility rooms are determined depending on the necessary set of furniture and equipment, placed taking into account the requirements of ergonomics.
5.7 The area of \u200b\u200bthe premises in the apartments specified in 5.3 should be at least: residential premises (rooms) in one-room apartment - 14 m2, total residential premises in apartments with numbers of rooms two or more - 16 m2, bedrooms - 8 m2 (10 m2 - on two people); Kitchens - 8 m2; Kitchen zone in the kitchen - dining room - 6 m2. In one-room apartments allowed to design a kitchen or kitchen-niche area of \u200b\u200bat least 5 m2.
The bedroom and kitchen area in the attic floor (or floor with inclined enclosing structures) is allowed at least 7 m2, provided that the total residential premises has an area of \u200b\u200bat least 16 m2.
5.8 Height (from floor to ceiling) residential premises and kitchens (kitchen-dining room) in climatic regions IA, IB, IG, ID and IVA should be at least 2.7 m, and in other climatic areas - at least 2.5 m .
The height of intra-quarter corridors, halls, front, antlesole (and under them) is determined by the safety conditions of the movement of people and should be at least 2.1 m.
In residential premises and kitchen of apartments located in the attic floor (or upper floors with inclined enclosing structures), a smaller ceiling height is allowed relative to the area normalized on the area not exceeding 50%.
5.9 Common residential premises in 2-, 3- and 4-room apartment buildings of housing funds specified in 5.3, and bedrooms in all apartments should be designed non-projective.
5.10 Apartment premises specified in 5.3 must be equipped with a kitchen - washing or sink, as well as a stove for cooking; Bathroom - bathroom (or shower) and washbasin; Restroom - toilet bowl with a wasches; Combined bathroom - bathroom (or shower), washbasin and toilet. In other apartments, the composition of the equipment of the premises is set by the customer-developer.
The device of the combined bathroom is allowed in one-room apartments of houses of state and municipal housing stocks, in other apartments - on the task of design.
6. Benting the ability and deformativity of structures6.1 The foundations and supporting structures of the building should be designed and erected in such a way that in the process of its construction and in the calculated operating conditions the possibility of:
destruction or damage to structures leading to the need to stop the operation of the building;
Invalid deterioration in the operational properties of structures or buildings as a whole due to deformations or formation of cracks.
6.2 The construction and base of the building should be calculated on the perception of constant loads from their own weight of carrier and enclosing structures; temporary uniformly distributed and concentrated loads on overlap; Snow and wind loads for this construction area. The regulatory values \u200b\u200bof the listed loads, accounted for adverse combinations of loads or the corresponding efforts, the limit values \u200b\u200bof the deflection and movement of structures, as well as the validity values \u200b\u200bvalues \u200b\u200bfor loading coefficients should be taken in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.01.07.
The additional requirements of the customer-developer's customer, for example, to accommodate fireplaces, heavy equipment for public buildings built into residential building should also be taken into account. To the attachment of heavy elements of interior equipment to walls and ceilings.
6.3 The methods of calculation of their bearing capacity and deformativity must meet the requirements of existing regulatory documents on the design of the appropriate materials in the design of structures.
When placing buildings on the territory being worked out, on subsidence, in seismic areas, as well as in other complex geological conditions, additional requirements should be taken into account with the relevant standards and rules.
6.4 The foundations of the building should be designed taking into account the physicomechanical characteristics of the soils provided for in SNIP 2.02.01, SNiP 2.02.03 (for the perpetrators of the soils - in SNIP 2.02.04), the characteristics of the hydrogeological mode on the construction site, as well as the degrees of soil aggressiveness and Underground waters in relation to the foundations and underground engineering networks and should ensure the necessary uniformity of the precipitate under the elements of the building.
6.5 When calculating the building with a height of more than 40 m on a wind load, in addition to the strength and stability of the building and its individual structural elements, restrictions on the parameters of the oscillations of overlay floors, due to the requirements of residence comfort, should be provided.
6.6 In the event of an additional load and impacts on the remaining part of the residential building, its carriers and enhancement structures, as well as base grounds, should be tested for these loads and impacts in accordance with current standards, regardless of the physical wear of the structures.
It should take into account the actual carrying capacity of the grounds of the base as a result of their change during operation, as well as an increase in the strength of concrete in concrete and reinforced concrete structures.
6.7 During the reconstruction of a residential building, changes should be taken into account in its design scheme, which emerged during the operation of this building, (including the emergence of new openings, additional to the initial project solution, as well as the impact of the repair of structures or their gain).
6.8 With the reconstruction of residential buildings with a change in the location of sanitary nodes, appropriate additional measures should be performed on hydro, noise and vibration insulation, as well as if necessary, the enhancement of overlaps, which provide for the installation of equipment of these sanitary and technical components.
7. Fire safety7.1.1 Fire safety of buildings should be ensured in accordance with the requirements of SNIP 21-01 to the buildings of the FP1.3 functional structures and the rules established in this document for specially agreed cases, and during operation in accordance with PPB 01.
7.1.2 The permissible height of the building and the floor area within the fire compartment are determined depending on the degree of fire resistance and the class of structural fire hazard in Table 7.1.
Table 7.1
| Degree of fire resistance building | Class of constructive fire danger building | The greatest permissible height of the building, m | The greatest permissible floor of the fire compartment, m2 |
| I. | C0. | 75 | 2500 |
| II. | C0. | 50 | 2500 |
| C1. | 28 | 2200 | |
| III | c0. | 28 | 1800 |
| C1. | 15 | 1800 | |
| IV | c0. | 5 | 1000 |
| 3 | 1400 | ||
| C1. | 5 | 800 | |
| 3 | 1200 | ||
| C2. | 5 | 500 | |
| 3 | 900 | ||
| V. | Not normalized | 5 | 500 |
| 3 | 800 |
Note - The degree of fire resistance of the building with unheated annexes should be taken according to the degree of fire resistance of the heated part of the building.
7.1.3. Buildings I, II and III degrees of fire resistance is allowed to extend in one attic floor with carrier elements that have a limit of fire resistance at least R 45 and the fire hazard class K0, regardless of the height of the buildings installed in Table 7.1, but located not higher than 75 m. The enclosing structures of this floor must meet the requirements for the designs of the building of the building.
When applying wooden structures, it should be provided with a constructive fire protection providing these requirements.
7.1.4 The limit of fire resistance on the basis of R for the designs of galleries in gallery houses I, II and III degrees of fire resistance must correspond to the values \u200b\u200badopted for the floors of buildings and have a fire hazard class K0. Gallery designs in buildings IV degree of fire resistance must have a limit of fire resistance of at least R 15 and a fire hazard class K0.
7.1.5 In buildings I, II and III degrees of fire resistance to ensure the required limit of fire resistance of the bearing elements of the building, only structural fire protection should be applied.
7.1.6 Bearing elements of two-storey buildings IV degree of fire resistance must have a limit of fire resistance of at least R 30.
7.1.7 In buildings I, II and III degrees of fire resistance, intersection walls and partitions, as well as walls and partitions separating extracarty corridors from other premises, must have a limit of fire resistance of at least EI 45, in buildings IV fire resistance - at least Ei 15.
In buildings I, II and III degrees of fire resistance, inter-weltering non-rigid walls and partitions must have a limit of fire resistance of at least Ei 30 and the fire hazard class K0, in buildings IV degree of fire resistance - the limit of fire resistance at least Ei 15 and the fire hazard class is not lower than K1.
7.1.8 Class of fire hazard and the limit of fire resistance of interroom, including cabinets, collapsible, with doorways and sliding partitions are not normalized.
7.1.9 Partitions between the pantry in the basement and basements of buildings of the II degree of fire resistance up to five floors inclusive, as well as in buildings III and IV fire resistance, is allowed to be designed with an abnormal limit of fire resistance and a fire hazard class. Partitions separating the technical corridor of basement and basement floors from the rest of the premises should be fire-based 1 type.
7.1.10 Technical, basements, basement floors and attics should be divided by firefights of the 1st type on the compartments with an area of \u200b\u200bnot more than 500 m2 in non-intercommunicative residential buildings, and in section - by sections.
In technical floors and attics, in the absence of combustible materials and structures in them, the limit of fire resistance doors in fireproof partitions is not rationed. They can be performed from the materials of the combustibility groups G1 and G2 or in accordance with 7.20 SNiP 21-01.
7.1.11 The fencing of loggias and balconies in buildings with a height of three floors and more must be performed from non-combustible materials.
From non-combustible materials should also be performed by external sunscreen in buildings I, II and III fire resistance height of 5 floors and more.
7.1.12 Public premises should be separated from the premises of the residential part of the 1st-type firefares and overlapping of the 3rd type without openings, in buildings I of the degree of fire resistance - 2-type overlap.
7.1.13 The garbage collecting chamber should have an independent entrance, isolated from the entrance to the building with a deaf wall, and is highlighted by fireproof partitions and overlapping with no less rei 60 and fire hazard class K0.
7.1.14 Blood, rafters and crate of attic coatings are allowed to perform from combustible materials. In buildings with attics (with the exception of V-degree, the degree of fire resistance) during the device rafters and crates from combustible materials are not allowed to use roofs from combustible materials, and the rafyled and the crate should be subjected to flame retardant processing. With the constructive protection of these structures, they should not contribute to the hidden spread of burning.
7.1.15 The coating structures of the coating of the built-in-attached part must have a limit of fire resistance of at least R 45 and the fire hazard class K0. If there are windows-oriented windows in a residential building, the roof level in places of adjoining should not exceed the floor marker above the living rooms of the main part of the building. The insulation in the coating should be non-flammable.
7.1.16 In the device of pantry solid fuel in the basement or first floors, they should be separated from other rooms with deaf firefights 1-th type and overlap of the 3rd type. Exit from these storerooms should be directly outward.
8. Security when using8.1 The residential building should be designed, erected and equipped in such a way as to prevent the risk of injury by residents when moving inside and near the house, at the entrance and outlet of the house, as well as when using it with elements and engineering equipment.
8.2 Bliss and width of staircase marches and ramps, height of steps, width of the extex, width of the staircase, the height of the passes on the stairs, the basement, the attractive, as well as the dimensions of the doorways should provide the convenience and safety of the movement and the ability to move the equipment of the appropriate apartments and built-in equipment In the building of public premises.
The minimum width and maximum slope of staircase marches should be taken according to Table 8.1.
Table 8.1.
| Name Marsha | Minimum width, m | Maximum slope |
| Marches stairs leading to residential floors of buildings: | ||
| sectional: | ||
| two-storey | 1,05 | 1:1,5 |
| three-storey and more | 1,05 | 1:1,75 |
| corridors | 1,2 | 1:1,75 |
| Marches stairs leading to basements and basement floors as well as intra-quarter stairs | 0,9 | 1:1,25 |
Note - The width of the march should be determined by the distance between the fences or between the wall and the fence.
The height of the differences in the floor level of different premises and spaces in the building should be safe. In the necessary cases, handrails and ramps should be provided. The number of lifts in one staircase march or on the level of levels should be at least 3 and not more than 18. The use of stairs with different heights and depth of steps is not allowed. In two-level apartments, intra-quarter stairs are allowed screw or with overtook steps, while the width of the sticking in the middle must be at least 18 cm.
8.3 Height of the fences of stairs, balconies, loggias, terraces, roofs and in places of dangerous drops should be at least 1.2 m. Staircase marches and sites must have fencing with handrails.
Fences must be continuous, equipped with handrails and are designed for the perception of horizontal loads of at least 0.3 kN / m.
8.4 Structural solutions of house elements (including the location of emptiness, methods of sealing places of passing pipelines through structures, a device of the ventilation holes, the placement of thermal insulation, etc.) should provide for protection against rodent penetration.
8.5 Engineering systems of the building should be designed and mounted taking into account the requirements of the security contained in the regulatory documents of the state supervisory authorities and the instructions of the equipment manufacturers of equipment.
8.6 Engineering equipment and devices with possible seismic impacts should be securely fixed.
8.7 The fireplace is allowed to design in the apartment on the last floor of a residential building, at any level of a multi-level apartment placed the latter in the house.
8.8 In a residential building and at the local area, activities should be provided to reduce the risks of criminal manifestations and their consequences that contribute to the protection of people living in a residential building and minimize possible damage in the event of unlawful actions. These activities are established in the task of design in accordance with the regulatory legal acts of local authorities and may include the use of explosion protection structures, installation of intercoms, code locks, security alarm systems, protective designs of window openings in the first, base and upper floors, in the pittal veils, and Also the doors of the entrance, leading to the basement, in the attic and, if necessary, to other premises.
General security systems (television control, security alarm system, etc.) must ensure the protection of fire equipment from unauthorized access and vandalism.
Events aimed at reducing the risks of criminal manifestations should be complemented at the stage of operation.
8.9 In the individual residential buildings determined by the plan for the placement of civil defense structures, double-purpose premises should be designed in accordance with the indications of SNiP II-11.
8.10 Lightning protection is designed in accordance with the requirements of the RD 34.21.122.
8.11 On the operated roofs of residential buildings (except for residential buildings with public premises on the upper floors), roofing of built-in and attached public premises, as well as at the entrance area, on summer extremary rooms, in the connecting elements between residential buildings, including open non-residential Floors (first and intermediate) used for the device of sports fields for recreation of adult houses at home, platforms for drying linen and cleaning clothing or solarium, it is necessary to provide the necessary security measures (device of fences and measures to protect ventilation issues).
8.12 When designing a sauna in apartments should be provided:
The volume of paril - no more than 24 m3;
Special factory manufacturing furnace for heating with automatic shutdown when the temperature is 130 ° C, as well as after 8 hours of continuous operation;
Placement of this furnace at a distance of at least 0.2 m from the walls of the paril;
Device above the furnace of the non-heat insulation shield;
Equipment of the ventilation channel Fire-retaining valve in accordance with SNiP 41-01.
8.13 Electrical panel, room for head stations (GS), technical centers (shopping center) of cable television, sound transformer substations (SPT), as well as places for telephone distribution cabinets (HRH) should not be placed with wet processes (bathrooms, bathrooms, etc. .).
8.14 GS, shopping center premises, TPPs must have inputs directly from the street; The placing the electrical panel (including for communication equipment, ASUU, dispatching and television) should have an entrance directly from the street or from a floor extra-weltering corridor (Hall); To the site of the installation of the HTR approach should also be from the specified corridor.
9. Ensuring sanitary and epidemiological requirements9.1 When designing and building residential buildings in accordance with these norms and rules, measures should be provided to ensure the implementation of sanitary and epidemiological and environmental requirements for the health of people and the environmental environment (SanPine 2.1.2.1002, etc.).
: In connection with the loss of Sanpin's strength 2.1.2.1002-00, adopted instead of Sanpin 2.1.2.2645-10 should be guided.
9.2 Estimated air parameters in the premises of a residential building should be taken according to the optimal standards of GOST 30494. The multiplicity of air exchange indoors should be taken in accordance with Table 9.1.
Table 9.1.
| Room | Multiplicity or the magnitude of the air exchange, m3 per hour, not less | |
| non-working mode | in service mode | |
| Sleeping, General, Children's Rooms | 0,2 | 1,0 |
| Library, Cabinet | 0,2 | 0,5 |
| Pantry, lining, dressing room | 0,2 | 0,2 |
| Gym, Billiard | 0,2 | 80 m3. |
| Safety, ironing, drying | 0,5 | 90 m3 |
| Kitchen with electric stove | 0,5 | 60 m3 |
| Gas-grade equipment | 1,0 | 1.0 + 100 m3 on the slab |
| Premises with heat generators and sacns on solid fuel | 0,5 | 1.0 + 100 m3 on the slab |
| Bathroom, shower, restroom, combined bathroom | 0,5 | 25 m3 |
| Sauna | 0,5 | 10 m3 per person |
| Lift machine separation | - | By calculation |
| Parking | 1,0 | By calculation |
| Garbage Camera | 1,0 | 1,0 |
The multiplicity of air exchange in all ventilated rooms not specified in the table, in non-operating mode, should be at least 0.2 volume of the room per hour.
9.3 With the heat engineering calculation of the enclosing structures of residential buildings, an internal air temperature of heated rooms should be taken at least 20 ° C.
9.4 The system of heating and ventilation of the building should be designed to provide indoors during the heating period of internal air temperature within the optimal parameters set by GOST 30494, with calculated external air parameters for the relevant construction areas.
When the air conditioning system device, the optimal parameters must be provided in the warm period of the year.
In buildings, built in areas with the calculated temperature of the outer air minus 40 ° C and below, heating the surface of residential premises and kitchens should be provided, as well as public premises with a permanent stay of people located above the cold undergrounds, or should be provided in accordance with Snip 23-02 requirements.
9.5 Ventilation system should maintain the purity (quality) of air in the premises and the uniformity of its distribution.
Ventilation can be:
With natural influx and air removal;
With mechanical motivation of the inflow and air removal, including combined with air heating;
Combined with natural influx and air removal with partial use of mechanical motivation.
9.6 In residential premises and kitchen, air flow is provided through adjustable window sash, fraumuga, vectors, valves, or other devices, including autonomous wall air valves with adjustable opening. If necessary, apartments designed for III and IV climatic areas should be additionally provided with through or angular ventilation.
9.7 Air removal should be provided from kitchens, restrooms, bathrooms and, if necessary, from other apartments, it should be provided for the installation on exhaust channels and air ducts adjustable ventilation grids and valves.
Air out of rooms in which harmful substances or unpleasant odors may be released, should be removed directly out and not to fall into other building rooms, including through ventilation channels.
Association of ventilation channels from kitchens, restrooms, bathrooms (shower), combined bathrooms, storage rooms for products with ventilation channels from gas- propelled equipment and car parks are not allowed.
9.8 Ventilation of the embedded public premises, besides those specified in 4.14, must be autonomous.
9.9 In buildings with a warm attack, air removal from the attic should be provided through one exhaust mine for each section of the house with a mine height of at least 4.5 m from overlapping over the last floor.
9.10 In the outer walls of basements, technical underground and a cold attic that do not have exhaust ventilation should include produced by a total area of \u200b\u200bat least 1/400 of the field of technical underground or basement, evenly located along the perimeter of the outer walls. The area of \u200b\u200bone product must be at least 0.05 m2.
9.11 The duration of the insolation of apartments (premises) of a residential building should be taken as required by SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1076.
The normalized insolation duration must be provided: in one-, two- and three-room apartments - at least one living room; In four-room apartments and more - not less than two residential rooms.
9.12 Natural lighting should have residential rooms and kitchens, public premises, built into residential buildings, except for rooms, the placement of which is allowed in the basements according to SNiP 2.08.02.
9.13 The ratio of the area of \u200b\u200blight openings to the floor of the floor of residential premises and kitchens should be taken not more than 1: 5.5 and at least 1: 8; For the upper floors with light openings in the plane of inclined enclosing structures - at least 1:10, taking into account the lighting characteristics of windows and shading with opposing buildings.
9.14 Natural lighting is not normalized for the premises located under the mezzanine in two-duty rooms; Post-first, pantry, dressing room, premises of bathrooms, restrooms, combined sanitary nodes; front and intra-quarter corridors and holls; Welsh tambourists, flooring extracarty corridors, lobby and holls.
9.15 The normalized indicators of natural and artificial illumination of various rooms should be installed in accordance with SNiP 23-05. The illumination in the fields in the building should be at least 6 LCs for horizontal surfaces and at least 10 LCs for vertical (up to 2 m) surfaces.
9.16 When illuminated through light openings in the outer walls of common corridors, their length should not exceed: if there is a light opening in one end - 24 m, in two ends - 48 m. With a greater length of the corridors, it is necessary to provide additional natural lighting through light pockets. The distance between the two light pockets should be no more than 24 m, and between the light pocket and light opening in the face of the corridor - no more than 30 m. The width of the light pocket, which the stairwell can serve, should be at least 1.5 m. Through one light Pocket is allowed to illuminate corridors up to 12 m long, located on both sides.
9.17 In buildings designed for construction in the III climatic area, light openings in residential rooms and kitchens, and in IVA climatic subarea also in loggias, should be equipped with an outer adjustable sunscreen within the 200-20 ° sector. In two-storey buildings, sunscreen is allowed to provide landscaping.
9.18 External enclosing building structures should have thermal insulation, insulation from penetration of outer cold air and vapor barrier from diffusion of water vapor from premises providing:
The required temperature and the absence of moisture condensation on the inner surfaces of the indoor structures;
Preventing the accumulation of excess moisture in structures.
The difference in the inner air and surface surfaces of the outer walls at the estimated temperature of the inner air must comply with the requirements of SNiP 23-02.
9.19 In I - III, climatic areas with all external inputs in residential buildings should include tambura depth of at least 1.5 m.
Double tambura at the entrances to residential buildings should be designed depending on the flood of buildings and the area of \u200b\u200btheir construction according to Table 9.2.
Table 9.2.
Notes
1 With the direct entrance to the apartment double tambour should be designed with an unheated staircase.
2 A veranda can be used as a tambour.
9.20 The premises of the building should be protected from the penetration of rain, thawed and groundwater and possible domestic leaks of water from engineering systems with structural means and technical devices.
9.21 roofs should be designed, as a rule, with organized drainage. It is allowed to provide for an unorganized drainage from the roofs of 2-storey buildings under the condition of the visor's device above the inputs and the scene.
9.22 Not allowed by the restroom and bathroom (or shower) directly above the residential rooms and kitchens. Placing a restroom and bathroom (or shower) in the upper level above the kitchen is allowed in apartments located in two levels.
9.23 When used in the construction of new materials and products, the latter should have a hygienic conclusion issued by the bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service.
9.24 In the construction of buildings in areas where, according to engineering and environmental surveys, there are allocations of soil gases (radon, methane, etc.), measures should be taken to insulate in contact with the soil of floors and walls of basements in order to prevent the penetration of soil gas from the soil into the building , and other measures contributing to the reduction of its concentration in accordance with the requirements of the relevant sanitary standards.
9.25 Soundproofing of outdoor and internal enclosing residential premises should ensure a decrease in sound pressure from external noise sources, as well as from shock and noise of equipment engineering systems, air ducts and pipelines to a level not exceeding the permissible SNIP 23-03.
Emergency walls and partitions must have an air noise insulation index not lower than 50 dB.
9.26 Noise levels from engineering equipment and other domestic sources of noise should not exceed the established permissible levels and no more than 2 dBAs exceed the background values \u200b\u200bdetermined by the intake-in-room source of noise, both in day and at night.
9.27 To ensure a permissible level of noise, the fastening of sanitary devices and pipelines directly to the inter-weltering walls and partitions, enclosing living rooms, is not allowed to place the engine room and mines of elevators, the garbage chamber, the barrel of the merry industry and the device for cleaning it and washing over residential rooms. , Under them, as well as adjacent to them.
9.28 The supply of drinking water should be provided from the centralized water supply network of the settlement. In areas without centralized engineering networks for one-, two-storey buildings, individual and collective sources of water supply from underground aquifers or water bodies are allowed to calculate the daily flow of economic and drinking water of at least 60 liters per person. In areas with limited water resources, the estimated daily flow consumption is allowed to be reduced by coordination with local bodies of the Ministry of Health of Russia.
9.29 To remove wastewater, a sewage system should be provided - centralized or local in accordance with the rules set in SNiP 2.04.01.
Wastewater should be removed without contamination of the territory and aquifers.
9.30 Devices for collecting and removing solid household waste and waste from the operation of public buildings built into the residential building, including garbage purposes, must be implemented in accordance with the rules of exploitation of housing fund adopted by local authorities.
9.31 The garbage chute should be equipped with a device for periodic flushing, cleaning, disinfection and automatic fire extinguishing of the trunk in accordance with the requirements of SanPiN 4690.
The garbage trunk must be an airproof, soundproofed from building structures and should not be adjusted to residential premises.
10. Durability and maintenance10.1 When complying with the established rules, the supporting structures of the building must maintain their properties in accordance with the requirements of these standards and rules during the alleged service life, which can be established in the design task.
10.2 The supporting structures of the building, which determine its strength and stability, as well as the service life of the building as a whole, should maintain their properties within acceptable limits, taking into account the requirements of SNiP 20-01 and building standards and rules for building structures from the corresponding materials.
10.3 Elements, details, equipment with deadlines are smaller than the estimated service life of the building must be replaced in accordance with the interremary periods established in the project and taking into account the requirements of the design task. The decision to apply less or more durable elements, materials or equipment with an appropriate increase or decrease in frertime periods is established by technical and economic calculations.
At the same time, the materials, design and technology of construction work should be chosen given to ensure the minimum subsequent costs of repair, maintenance and operation.
10.4 Construction and parts should be made of materials with resistance to possible moisture, low temperatures, aggressive medium, biological and other adverse factors according to SNiP 2.03.11.
In the necessary cases, appropriate measures should be taken from the penetration of rain, melting, groundwater into the thickness of the bearing and enclosing structures of the building, as well as the formation of an unacceptable amount of condensing moisture in external enclosing structures by sufficient sealing of structures or ventilation devices of closed spaces and air suits. The necessary protective formulations and coverage should be applied in accordance with the requirements of existing regulatory documents.
10.5 Button compounds of prefabricated elements and layered structures should be calculated on the perception of temperature-humidary deformations and efforts arising from uneven bases of bases and with other operational impacts. Sealing and sealing materials used in the joints should maintain elastic and adhesive properties when exposed to negative temperatures and moisture, as well as be resistant to ultraviolet rays. Sealing materials should be compatible with the materials of protective and protective and decorative coatings of structures in the places of their conjugation.
10.6 The possibility of access to equipment, fittings and devices of engineering systems of the building and their compounds for inspection, maintenance, repair and replacement should be provided.
Equipment and pipelines must be fixed on building structures in such a way that their performance is not impaired with possible displacements of structures.
10.7 During the construction of buildings in areas with complex geological conditions susceptible to seismic effects, part-time, drawdowns and other movements of the soil, including frosty, engineering communications should be carried out, taking into account the need to compensate for possible deformations of the foundation in accordance with the requirements established in regulatory documents on various Engineering networks.
11. Energy saving11.1 The building must be designed and erected in such a way that, when performing established requirements for the internal microclimate of premises and other living conditions, it was ensured by the effective and economical spending of energy resources during its operation.
11.2 Compliance with the requirements of energy saving standards are evaluated on the heat engineering characteristics of the enclosing building structures and engineering systems or by the integrated indicator of the specific consumption of thermal energy to heating and ventilation of the building.
11.3 In assessing the energy efficiency of the building on the heat engineering characteristics of its construction structures and engineering systems, the requirements of these standards are considered to be fulfilled under the following conditions:
1) the reduced heat transfer resistance and the air permeability of the enclosing structures are not lower than the required SNIP 23-02;
2) heating, ventilation, air conditioning and hot water supply systems have automatic or manual regulation;
3) Engineering systems of the building are equipped with thermal energy metering devices, cold and hot water, electricity and gas with centralized supply.
11.4 When evaluating the energy efficiency of the building according to the integrated indicator of the specific energy consumption on its heating and ventilation, the requirements of these norms are considered to be fulfilled if the calculated value of the specific energy consumption for maintaining the normalized microclimate parameters and air quality does not exceed the maximum allowable regulatory value. In this case, the third condition must be performed 11.3.
11.5 In order to achieve the optimal technical and economic characteristics of the building and further reduction in the specific energy consumption for heating, it is recommended to include:
The most compact volume-planning solution of the building;
Orientation of the building and its premises in relation to the countries of light, taking into account the prevailing areas of cold wind and solar radiation streams;
The use of efficient engineering equipment of the relevant nomenclature series with increased efficiency;
Dispose of heat of exhaust air and wastewater, the use of renewable energy sources (solar, wind, etc.).
If, as a result of the specified measures, conditions 11.4 are provided with smaller values \u200b\u200bof the heat transfer resistance of the enclosing structures than it is necessary to reduce 23-02, the indicators of the heat transfer resistance indicators are allowed to reduce compared with the established norms.
The heat engineers of the building and the class of energy efficiency contribute to the energy passport of the building and subsequently specify them according to the results of operation and, taking into account the measures carried out on energy saving.
11.6 In order to control the energy efficiency of the building on regulatory informations, project documentation should contain the section "Energy Efficiency". This section should contain an energy passport of the building in accordance with SNiP 23-02, information on the assignment of the class of energy efficiency of the building, conclusion on the compliance of the project of the building with the requirements of public buildings and structures
GOST R 51631-2000 Passenger elevators. Technical accessibility requirements for disabled
PUE rules device electrical installations
NPB 66-97 Fire detectors Autonomous. General technical requirements. Test methods
V.4 The building area of \u200b\u200bthe building is defined as the area of \u200b\u200bthe horizontal section on the external structure of the building at the ground level, including the protruding parts. The area under the building located on the supports, as well as the passages under it are included in the building area.
V.5 When determining the floors of the building in the number of above-ground floors, all overhead floors are included, including the technical floor, attic, and the ground floor, if the overlap is above its overlap above the average level of the earth at least 2 m.
The underground under the building is independent of its height, as well as a combination space with a height of less than 1.8 m in the number of above-ground floors are not included.
With different number of floors in different parts of the building, as well as when placing a building on a plot with a slope, when the number of floors increases, the number of floors is determined separately for each part of the building.
When determining the floor of the building for calculating the number of elevators, the technical floor located above the upper floor is not taken into account.
Notes
1 Apartment area and other technical indicators calculated for the purposes of statistical accounting and technical inventory are determined by the rules set in "Instructions
2 Table Compiled at the rate of: 18 m2 of the total area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment per person, the height of the floor is 2.8 m, the interval of the elevators of 81 - 100 s.
3 In residential buildings in which the values \u200b\u200bof the foundation area of \u200b\u200bapartments, the heights of the floor and the total area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment coming per living differ from the table adopted in the table. The number, load capacity and speed of passenger elevators are set by calculation.
4 In residential buildings with multi-level apartments located on the upper floors, the passenger elevator stop is allowed on one of the floors of apartments. In this case, the floors of the building for calculating the number of elevators are determined by the floor of the upper stop.
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System of regulatory documents in construction
BUILDING REGULATIONS
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Buildings Residential apartment buildings
SNiP 31-01-2003
State Committee of the Russian Federation
For construction and housing and communal complex
(Gosstroy Russia)
Moscow
2004
Preface
1 Developed by a federal state unitary enterprise - the Center for the Methodology of Regulation and Standardization in the Construction (FSUE CNS), OJSC TsNIIEPHILD, MNIITEP, human environmental and environmental hygiene. A.A. Syshin with the participation of the team of specialists of leading research and design organizations
Made by the Office of Technical Regulation, Standardization and Certification in the construction and housing and communal services of Russia
2 Adopted and put into effect from October 1, 2003 by the Resolution of the Gosstroy of Russia of 06/23/2003 No. 109
3 Instead Snip 2.08.01-89 *
Introduction 2. 1 area of \u200b\u200buse. 2. 3 Terms and definitions. 3. 4 General. 3. 5 Requirements for apartments. 6. 6 Bearing ability and deformativity of structures. 7. 7 Fire safety. eight 7.1 Preventing the spread of fire. eight 7.2 Ensuring evacuation. 10 7.3 Fire Requirements for Engineering Systems and Building Equipment. 12 7.4 Ensuring extinguishing fire and rescue work. fourteen 8 Security when using. fourteen 9 Ensuring sanitary and epidemiological requirements. sixteen 10 Durability and maintainability. twenty 11 Energy saving. 21. Appendix B Terms and Definitions. 23. Appendix in the rules for determining the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises, the construction area and the floors of the building during the design. 24. Appendix M Minimum number of passenger elevators. 25. |
Introduction
In sections 4, 6 - 10 of these norms, the requirements corresponding to the objectives of technical regulations and subject to mandatory compliance with part 1 of Article 46 of the Federal Law "On Technical Regulation".
Apartment residential buildings started by construction on project documentation developed and approved before January 1, 2004 can be maintained and commissioned without adjusting project documentation in accordance with the requirements of these standards and rules.
The work was performed by the author's team: FSUE CNS (Tech candidates. Sciences S.N. Nersesov, L.S. Exler), FCS Gosstroy Russia (Cand. Archite L.A. Viktorova; N.N. Polykov); OJSC "TsNIIEPHILD" (Dr. Tech. Science SOUTH. Clerk); MNIITEP (candidates architecture. S.I. Yakhkind, I.S. Genkina, L.V. Petrova,cand. geogr. Science L.I. Konovinzh. . IN AND. Lagger), Niizf Raasn (Cand. Tech. Science Yu.A. Matrosov); Uphpine Moskomarchitecture (Arch. A.P. Zobnin);Human ecology and environmental hygiene them. A.A. Syshin (prof., Dr. Med. Science Yu.D. Gubernskycand. honey. Science N.V. Kalinina); TC 209 "Elevators, Building Lifts and Escalators" ( CM. Roitburn); Technror management of the Russian State Building ( V.A. Glukharev).
SNiP 31-01-2003
Construction standards and rules of the Russian Federation
BUILDINGResidentialMulti-apartment
Multicompartment Residential Buildings
Date of introduction 2003-10-01
1 AREA OF USE
1.1 These standards and rules apply to the design and construction of newly under construction and reconstructed apartment buildings up to 75 meters high (hereinafter referred to as the text adopted in accordance with SNiP 21-01 1), apartment type hostels, as well as residential premises. Buildings of another functional purpose.
1 The height of the building is determined by the difference of the surface of the passage for fire trucks and the lower boundary of the opening opening (windows) in the outer wall of the upper floor, including the attic. At the same time, the upper technical floor is not taken into account.
Norms and rules do not apply: for blocked residential buildings, designed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 31-02, in which the premises relating to different apartments are not located on each other, and the common walls between neighboring blocks are common, as well as on mobile residential building.
The norms do not regulate the conditions for the settlement of the building and the form of ownership of them, its apartments and individual premises.
2 Regulatory references
Regulatory documents, which in the text of these norms there are references, are given in Appendix A.
In the exception of the current regulatory documents, which in these standards there are references, it is necessary to be guided by the norms entered instead of excluded.
3 Terms and Definitions
This document uses the terms whose definitions are provided in Appendix B, as well as other terms, whose definitions are adopted on the regulatory documents listed in Appendix A.
4 General
4.1 The construction of residential buildings should be carried out on the project in accordance with the requirements of these construction standards and rules and other regulatory documents establishing the design and construction rules on the basis of building permits. The rules for determining the area of \u200b\u200bdevelopment and floors of buildings in design are shown in Appendix V.
4.2 The placement of a residential building, the distance from it to other buildings and structures, the dimensions of land at the house are established in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.07.01. The floors and length of buildings are determined by the construction project. When determining the flood and length of residential buildings in seismic areas, the requirements of SNIP II-7 and SNiP 2.07,01 should be performed.
4.3 When designing and building a residential building, conditions should be provided for the vital activity of small groups of the population, the availability of a plot, buildings and apartments for people with disabilities using wheelchairs if the placement of apartments for families with disabled people in this residential building is set in the design task.
Apartment houses for elderly should be designed not higher than nine floors, for families with disabled - not higher than five. In other types of residential buildings, apartments for families with disabled people should be placed on the first floors.
In residential buildings of the federal and municipal housing stocks, the share of apartments for families with disabilities using wheelchairs is established in the task of design by local governments. Specific requirements for ensuring the livelihoods of persons with disabilities and other small groups of the population should be provided with regard to local conditions and requirements of SNiP 35-01.
4.4 The project must be accompanied by an instruction manual for apartments and public premises at home.
Instructions for the exploitation of apartments and premises of the house must contain the data necessary for tenants (owners) of apartments and built-in public spaces, as well as operating organizations to ensure safety during operation, including: information about the main designs and engineering systems, the location of hidden elements and The frames of the frame, hidden wiring and engineering networks, as well as the limit values \u200b\u200bof the loads on the elements of the house structures and on its power supply. These data can be represented as copies of executive documentation. In addition, the instruction should include the rules for the content and maintenance of fire protection systems and evacuation plan for fire.
4.5 In residential buildings it should be provided: economic and drinking, fire and hot water supply, sewage and drainage in accordance with SNiP 2.04.01 and SNiP 2.04.02; Heating, ventilation, copyright protection - in accordance with SNiP 41-01.
4.6 In residential buildings it is necessary to provide electrical lighting, power electrical equipment, telephonification, radio, television antennas and a ringing alarm, as well as automatic fire alarms, alerts and evacuation systems for fire, elevators for transporting fire units and means of rescue people in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents.
4.7 On the roofs of residential buildings, it should be provided for the installation of the antennas of collective reception of transmissions and racks of wired broadcasting networks. Installation of radio relay masts and towers are prohibited.
4.8 Provide elevators follows in residential buildings with the floor marker of the upper residential floor, exceeding the level of floor marker of the first floor by 11.2 m.
In residential buildings started by construction after 01.01.2010, in IA, IB, IG, Idiva climatic subarea elevators should be provided in buildings with the floor of the upper floor, which exceeds the level of floor marker for the first floor to 9.0 m.
The minimum number of passenger elevators, which must be equipped with residential buildings of various floors, is given in Appendix G.
It is allowed when justifying not to provide for elevators when adding existing 5-storey residential buildings in one floor. In buildings equipped with an elevator, it is allowed not to provide for an elevator in the exhaust floor.
In residential buildings, in which on the floors above the first, the placement of apartments for families with disabled people using wheelchairs should be provided for passenger elevators or lifting payforms in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 35-01, GOST R 51631 and NPB 250.
4.9 The width of the site in front of the elevators should allow the use of an elevator for transporting a patient on the ambulance stretcher and be at least M:
1.5 - in front of the lifts with a carrying capacity of 630 kg with a cabin width of 2100 mm;
2.1 - in front of lifts with a carrying capacity of 630 kg with a cab of a cab 2100 mm.
With a double row arrangement of elevators, the width of the elevator hall must be at least m:
1.8 - When installing elevators with a cab in a cab of less than 2100 mm;
2.5 - when installing elevators from a cab in a cab 2100 mm and more.
4.10 In the base, first and second floors of the residential building (in large and largest cities 1 in the third floor), it is allowed to place embedded and built-in public premises, with the exception of objects that have a harmful effect on a person.
1 Classification of cities - Snip 2.07.01.
Not allowed to post:
specialized stores of moskalo-chemical and other goods, the operation of which can lead to contamination of the territory and air of residential building; stores with the presence of explosion hazardous substances in them; Stores selling synthetic carpets, auto parts, tires and automotive oils;
specialized fish stores; warehouses of any destination, including wholesale (or small-optic) trade;
all enterprises, as well as stores with functioning mode after 23 hours 2; enterprises of household services, which use flammable substances (except hairdressing and workshops on the repair of hours with a total area of \u200b\u200bup to 300 m 2); Baths and saunas (except individual saunas in apartments);
2 Time restrictions on functioning can be clarified by local self-government authorities.
equipment of food and leisure with the number of places more than 50, with a total area of \u200b\u200bmore than 250 m 2 and with musical accompaniment;
laundry and dry cleaning (except for adoptive points and laundry self-service with a capacity of up to 75 kg in shift); automatic telephone stations with a total area of \u200b\u200bmore than 100 m 2; public restrooms; Funeral bureau; built-in and attached transformer substations;
production premises (except for the premises of categories in and D for the Labor of the disabled people and older people, among them: the items of issuing work at home, workshops for assembly and decorative works); dental laboratories, clinical and diagnostic and bacteriological laboratories; dispensaries of all types; Double hospitals of dispensaries and hospitals of private clinics: traumopunks, ambulance substations; dermatovenerological, psychiatric, infectious and phthisiatric cabins of medical reception; branches (cabins) of magnetic resonance tomography;
x-ray cabinets, as well as premises with therapeutic or diagnostic equipment and installations that are sources of ionizing radiation, veterinary clinics and cabinets.
Stores for the sale of synthetic carpet products are allowed to be located attached to the deaf sections of residential buildings with the Rei 150 fire resistance limit.
4.11 In the basement and basement floors of residential buildings, premises for storage, processing and use in various installations and devices of flammable and combustible liquids and gases, explosives, combustible materials are not allowed; premises for children stay; Cinemas, conference rooms and other harvesters with numbers of more than 50, as well as medical and preventive institutions. When placed in these floors of other rooms, it should also take into account the limitations set in 4.10 of this SNiP and in Appendix 4 * SNiP 2.08.02.
Loading public premises built into residential buildings should be performed: from the other residential buildings that are not windows; from underground tunnels; From the highways (streets) in the presence of special loading premises.
It is allowed not to provide for the specified bootable premises at the area of \u200b\u200bbuilt-in public spaces up to 150 m 2.
4.13 On the top floor of residential buildings it is allowed to place workshops for artists and architects, as well as office (office) rooms with the number of no more than 5 people working in each of each., At the same time, the requirements of 7.2.15 of this SNiP.
Placing office premises in the adjustable attic floors is allowed in buildings not lower than II degree of fire resistance and a height of no more than 28 m.
4.14 In residential floors it is allowed to place public premises for individual activity (within the area of \u200b\u200bapartments). As part of apartments with bilateral orientation, it is allowed to provide for additional premises for a family kindergarten for a group of no more than 10 people; reception offices for one or two doctors (in coordination with the sanitary and epidemiological service authorities); Cabinet massage per specialist.
Family kindergarten is allowed to be placed in apartments with double-sided orientation, located not higher than the 2nd floor in buildings not lower than II degree of fire resistance when providing these apartments to emergency exit per 6.20 *, but) or b.) SNIP 21-01 and if there is a possibility of a device of playgrounds at the receiving territory.
4.15 When the device in residential buildings of embedded or built-in and attached car parks should comply with the requirements of SNiP 21-02. Floors Residential and floors with premises for children's preschool institutions and medical and preventive institutions should be separated from parking by the technical floor.
4.16 In apartment buildings in the first, basement or basemental floors, it is necessary to provide pantry cleaning equipment equipped with a sink.
4.17 The need for a garbage disposal in residential buildings is determined by local governments, depending on the accepted sebuming system.
5 Requirements for apartments
5.1 Apartments in residential buildings should be designed based on the conditions for settling them with one family.
5.2 In the buildings of state and municipal housing stocks, the minimum sizes of apartments in the number of rooms and their square (without taking into account the area of \u200b\u200bbalconies, terraces, veranda, loggias, cold storerooms and pine tambours) are recommended to be taken according to Table 5.1. The number of rooms and the area of \u200b\u200bapartments for specific regions and cities is clarified by the local administration, taking into account the demographic requirements achieved by the level of security of the housing and resource of housing construction.
In residential buildings of other forms of ownership, the composition of the premises and the area of \u200b\u200bapartments are set by the customer-developer in the design task.
5.3 In the apartments provided to citizens, taking into account the social norm of the area of \u200b\u200bhousing 1 in the buildings of state and municipal housing stocks, residential premises (rooms) and utility rooms should be provided: the kitchen (or niche), the front, bathroom (or shower) and the restroom (or Combined bathroom), pantry (or economical built-in wardrobe).
1 Social norm of the area of \u200b\u200bhousing - the size of a housing area per person is determined in accordance with Art. 1 and art. 11 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On the Fundamentals of Federal Housing Policy".
5.4 The ventilated drying cabinet for outerwear and shoes is provided for the construction of a residential building in IA, IB, IG, and IIA climatic subsidiaries.
Table 5.1
Loggias and balconies should be provided: in apartments of houses under construction in the III and IV climatic areas, in apartments for families with disabled people, in other types of apartments and other climatic areas - taking into account fire requirements and adverse conditions.
Unfavorable conditions for designing balconies and non-beamed loggias:
In I and II, climatic areas - a combination of average monthly air temperature and mid-monthly wind speed in July: 12 - 16 ° C and more than 5 m / s; 8 - 12 ° C and 4 - 5 m / s; 4 - 8 ° C and 4 m / s; below 4 ° C at any wind speed;
Noise from transport highways or industrial territories 75 dB and more than 2 m from the facade of a residential building (except for noise-proof residential buildings);
The concentration of dust in the air is 1.5 mg / m 3 or more for 15 days or more in the period of three year-old months.
5.5 The accommodation of residential premises in the basement and basement floors of residential buildings is not allowed.
5.6 The dimensions of residential and utility rooms are determined depending on the necessary set of furniture and equipment, placed taking into account the requirements of ergonomics.
5.7 The area of \u200b\u200bpremises in the apartments specified in 5.3 should be at least: residential premises (rooms) in one-room apartment - 14 m 2, total residential premises in apartments with a number of rooms Two or more - 16 m 2, bedrooms - 8 m 2 (10 m 2 - two people); Kitchens - 8 m 2; Kitchen zone in the kitchen - dining room - 6 m 2. In one-room apartments, it is allowed to design a kitchen or kitchen-niche area of \u200b\u200bat least 5 m 2.
The bedroom and kitchen area in the attic floor (or floor with inclined enclosing structures) is allowed not less than 7 m 2, provided that the total residential premises has an area of \u200b\u200bat least 16 m 2.
5.8 The height (from the floor to the ceiling) of residential premises and kitchens (kitchen-dining) in the climatic regions Ia, IB, IG, ID and IVA should be at least 2.7 m, and in other climatic areas - at least 2.5 m.
The height of intra-quarter corridors, halls, front, antlesole (and under them) is determined by the safety conditions of the movement of people and should be at least 2.1 m.
In residential premises and kitchen of apartments located in the attic floor (or upper floors with inclined enclosing structures), a smaller ceiling height is allowed relative to the area normalized on the area not exceeding 50%.
5.9 Shared residential premises in 2-, 3- and 4-room apartment buildings of housing funds specified in 5.3, and bedrooms in all apartments should be designed non-projective.
5.10 The premises of the apartments specified in 5.3 must be equipped with a kitchen - washing or sink, as well as a stove for cooking; Bathroom - bathroom (or shower) and washbasin; Restroom - toilet bowl with a wasches; Combined bathroom - bathroom (or shower), washbasin and toilet. In other apartments, the composition of the equipment of the premises is set by the customer-developer.
The device of the combined bathroom is allowed in one-room apartments of houses of state and municipal housing stocks, in other apartments - on the task of design.
6 Bearing Ability and Deformative Designs
Calculation of heating in the apartment: principles, algorithms, formulas, how is the calculation for heating
Terminal intermediate KT 12
Construction of the ZIS in the conditions of a dense urban building information about the rules