First flowers. Research work on the topic “primroses of our region.” Choosing a place to plant in the garden

Research

"Diversity of flora"

Project topic:

"Primroses of our area"

Completed by a 4th grade student

MOBU SOSH s. Alder

Zangirova Elina

Supervisor

primary school teacher

Zangirova L. N.

Project topic

"Primroses of our area"

I. Selecting a research topic

On the way from school, I wondered if primroses grow in our area? If not, can we plant them?

On TV the day before, I saw a report about snowdrops. It talked about the protection of early flowering plants. As a result, the topic of my research work “Primroses of our area” arose.

II. Purpose of the study

1. Find out what flowers we call primroses?

2. Find out what primroses grow in our area?

3. Why do we need to protect primroses?

III. Research objectives

Analyze scientific information on the topic;

Prove that collecting flowers can lead to the disappearance of primroses;

Identify the attitude of adults and children to this problem.

IV. Object, subject and basis of research

Object of study: nature and ecology.

Subject of research: early flowering plants.

Research base: students and independent participants.

V. Research hypothesis

Perhaps primroses do not grow in our area because at one time they were plucked in large quantities and they disappeared.

VI. Research methods

Analysis of scientific literature;

Observation;

Questionnaire;

Interview;

Experiment (class hour, message);

Comparison of the results obtained.

VII. Research results

What are primroses?

Primroses are the first flowers of spring. Who in Russia doesn’t know such flowers? Of course, everyone knows. And they know what color they are: white, blue, yellow. Everyone is right and everyone is wrong. They are wrong because snowdrops bearing this name do not officially grow in Russia. These are mountain flowers. In our country, snowdrops or primroses are considered to be any early spring flowers. And they are right, since the flowers that we call snowdrops can be white, yellow, and blue. Because there are many of them and they are different. This is “a fairly general name for plants that bloom immediately after the snow melts” (V.I. Dal).

Trembling anemones and lungworts, shaggy lumbagos and corydalis, curly rams and goose onions, woodlands, coppices...

All these and a few other early spring flowers are popularly lovingly called snowdrops or primroses.

My research

Having posed such a serious environmental issue and studied the relevant literature, I conducted a survey among residents of our village and students in primary and secondary classes.

The survey included 30 adults, 56 middle school students, and 33 elementary school students.

The question was posed like this: what forest and meadow primroses do you know? The concept of forest and meadow primroses meant - galanthus, anemones, primroses, coppices, lungworts, violets, chistyaks, corydalis, goose onions,

I divided the participants into those who knew about primroses and those who did not, and placed the results in Table 1.

Table 1

Study participants	Quantity respondents
Primary school students
Middle school students
Independent members

From the results of Table 1, I concluded that only 61% of primary school students know what primroses are, 75% of middle school students and 100% of adult residents of the village of Olkhovoe (independent participants).

From this study it follows that primary school students need to be told about primroses, their species diversity, and their protection.

Types of primroses

If we talk about the white snowdrop of our region, then, of course, first of all - about anemone. There are many types of anemone, but the most common is oak anemone.

A fragile, delicate plant with white flowers. Its flowers do not immediately turn white: when they open, they are lilac-pink.

Oak anemone grows everywhere, even in coniferous forests. But it is called oak forest because it once came to our lands along with the oak tree from the south and became, like the oak tree, an indispensable part of Russian nature. Well, why it’s called anemone is clear: this flower opens in early spring, when the air warms up by only 6-7 degrees - it’s still cold and windy in the forest.

The sister of the oak anemone - Ranunculus anemone yellow flowers. They fade very quickly: first the leaves disappear and the stem disappears. The anemone has a short lifespan.

Another famous snowdrop primrose - corydalis, a small plant with a single stem ending in a cluster of flowers sticking straight up. The flowers resemble perky tufts, which is why it was named that way. Corydalis are perhaps the only primroses that grow wildly. Sometimes there are so many of them that a clearing or clearing seems covered with lilac-pink or lilac, red-pink or lavender carpets. (There are several types of the most common corydalis, hence the range of colors).

Corydalis also blooms for a few days and then disappears. In the thick grass you won’t even see its stem.

Another primrose - goose onion– you won’t see it right away: a small, modest plant is often lost in last year’s foliage that still covers the bare ground. But, if you look closely, you will still see this quiet, sweet smile of spring - a fragile, delicate flower with small yellow radiant flowers.

This plant was called onion because it has a tiny bulb, and goose because, they say, geese readily eat it.

There are many primroses, it’s just a miracle of miracles. And especially the thickets copses. Like blue puddles, or even lakes, spilling over. And where there are a lot of copses, it seems as if the sky has descended to the ground, or more precisely, a second sky has appeared, descended to the ground, or, more precisely, a second sky has appeared: one blue one is above your head, the second blue one is under your feet.

The flowers of this plant, like stars with rounded rays, are very delicate. And the leaves are somehow strange - rough, seemingly old. This is true. The coppice is one of the few plants that manages to have, as it were, replaceable leaves: the flower blooms surrounded by old, last year’s leaves that overwintered under the snow. The blue stars will bloom and the old leaves will die. Young people will appear. They will live until winter, overwinter and, together with new flowers, will meet spring.

There are a lot of snowdrops, early flowers, primroses. But there is a plant that is called that - primrose. People have given it several names.

Primrose leaves have curled edges, seemingly curly. That’s why the plant is also called “ram.” True, some experts believe that they called it a ram not for its leaves, but for another reason. The primrose has several flowers on a high stalk. They are all pubescent and look in different directions. And if there are a lot of primroses in some place, it looks as if there is a lush, curly carpet or skin in large curls, like a ram’s, lying on the ground.

This plant has another name: “keys”. This is because the inflorescences in which the flowers are collected resemble a bunch of keys. The Germans call the primrose “key flower”, “heavenly keys”. There was even a belief that these keys open the way to spring, good weather, herbs and flowers. And the Italians call the primrose “prima veris” - the first spring. That's what scientists dubbed it. The scientific name of the spring primrose is Primula veris.

So, I tried to answer the first question of my research work posed in the goal.

During the survey, the question was asked, “What primroses grow in your area?” At the same time, not only the generalized concept of snowdrop was called, but also lilies of the valley, violets, forget-me-nots, coltsfoot and others. Based on the survey results, I compiled Table 2.

table 2

Study participants	Quantity respondents	Saw primroses in the village Alder		Haven't seen the primroses in the village Alder
Primary school students
Middle school students
Independent members

From the results of Table 2, I concluded that some primary school students not only do not know what primroses are, but have not even seen them.

And based on the results of a survey of independent participants, it became clear that snowdrops: galanthus, coppice, and anemone do not grow on the territory of the Olkhovsky village council. We can only find: coltsfoot, goose onions, dandelions, and violets. Forget-me-nots, daffodils and tulips grow in residents' yard gardens.

Then I decided to analyze the results of a survey of primary school students by grade. And she placed her results in the form of a diagram in Figure 1.

Picture 1

2nd grade 3rd grade 4th grade

– know – don’t know

From Figure 1 it is clear, firstly, that the younger the children, the less they know about primroses.

Secondly, since primroses do not grow in our area, then, of course, children will not know about them.

I found out that some residents of our village planted snowdrops in their yard. In order to breed them and, of course, show them to your children. After all, you won’t find them here. I decided to interview them.

Interview with Elizaveta Anatolyevna Mukhametova.

Tell me, are you a native resident of the village?

No, I was born in the village of Kamyshly, Ufa region.

How long have you lived here?

Since 1976, almost 35 years.

Have you seen snowdrops in our forests?

No, but they grow in our yard.

Where did you get them from?

My husband, Mukhametov Flyur, was born and raised in the village of Iglino, and there, in the forests, there are a lot of snowdrops. So we decided to plant them in our yard.

How long ago did you plant them?

Around 2000.

What kind of snowdrops do you grow?

I don't know their name, but I can say that they are white and blue. Now they have grown among us.

I can tell you that the white ones are oak anemone, and the blue ones are blue coppice.

Thank you very much for the interview.

So, I found out that snowdrops do not grow in our area.

And the main issue is the protection of these plants. We must not forget that primroses are on the verge of extinction. After all, they are listed in the Red Book. And we must take care of them!

And coppice, and anemone, and rams, and corydalis, and others grew under the snow, because since last year - some in the bulb, some in the rhizome, some in the tuber - they have accumulated food reserves. That's what these plants are supposed to do. But sometimes it seems that they grew up and bloomed in early spring specifically to decorate the still gloomy, not yet very welcoming forests and bring joy to people. And, especially since people don’t appreciate it.

Of course, one can understand those who want to bring home a beautiful piece of the spring forest and collect bouquets of snowdrops. But don’t these nature lovers really know that primroses do not stand in vases, they wither instantly? And most importantly, don’t people understand that they are ruining beauty? For example, anemone is usually pulled out with its rhizome - it is located close to the surface and is poorly fixed in the ground. The plant, of course, dies. But the anemone dies even when only the flowers are picked - the rhizome can inadvertently be damaged.

And other primroses are unlucky; people pick them off. Has people's love of flowers turned out sad for snowdrops? Many primroses have become rare, many are listed as protected. But other primroses that are not yet on this list must be protected. They, too, can easily disappear.

Instead of concluding my research work, I want to say: “I caught a butterfly - it died, I picked a flower - it withered, and then it became clear that beauty can only be touched with the heart. By touching with our hands, we destroy beauty and nature!”

Application

In order to tell children about snowdrops, I collected poems, riddles, stories and the words of songs about snowdrops in my research work. So that those who are interested in the topic of “Early Flowering Plants” can take advantage of the additional material that I collected while studying this interesting topic.

Poetry

Spring

Blue, clean

Snowdrop flower!

And next to it is draughty,

The last snowball... A. Maikov

Snowdrops

The Snow Maiden cried

Saying goodbye to winter.

She followed her sadly,

Strange to everyone in the forest.

Where I walked and cried,

Touching birch trees

Snowdrops have grown -

Snow Maiden's tears. T. Belozerov

April

April, April!

Drops are ringing in the yard.

Streams run through the fields,

There are puddles in the yards,

The ants will come out soon

After the winter cold.

A bear sneaks through

Through the dead wood.

The birds began to sing songs,

And the snowdrop blossomed. S. Marshak

Snowdrop peeked out

In the twilight of the forest -

Little scout

Sent in the spring. E. Serova

Snowdrop

Here is a bouquet: it was thrown along with the rubbish.

The petals die, shrinking...

We rip it off indiscriminately

Defenseless tight stems.

Why did we tear them? Don't know!

The delicate primrose quickly withers.

The clearing became empty and boring:

There are no more harbingers of spring there!

It's very easy to destroy a living thing,

After all, snowdrops cannot tell us:

"Enjoy our beauty -

We just ask you not to tear us up!” I. Abdullaeva

Spring, spring, spring has come!

She brought warmth on her wings.

And here in the very sunshine

With your head held high

The blue snowdrop blossomed.

He's all fluffy and silver

The little one stands in the sun.

He is a reliable messenger of spring.

He is not afraid of cold weather.

Other flowers will come for him,

He is the firstborn among flowers.

Puzzles

At the snow-covered hummocks,

Under a white snow cap,

We found a little flower

Half frozen, barely alive. (Snowdrop)

He was the first to get out of the earth.

On a thawed patch

He is not afraid of frost

Even if it's small. (Snowdrop)

Blooms from under the snow,

Earlier then others

Meets spring. (Snowdrop)

The sun has just warmed up -

Appeared from under the snow.

The very first thin, gentle

This is a flower... (Snowdrop)

From under the snow

A friend came out -

And suddenly it smelled like spring. (Snowdrop)

Snowdrop

In a large and beautiful clearing, many snowdrops bloomed every spring. Animals came to see this miracle, birds flew in from all over the area, and insects simply lived there.

One day the boy Vova wandered into a clearing. He looked at her and froze. He wanted to take all this beauty with him. He picked a huge bouquet and took it home. On the way, he met friends, the guys became very jealous that Vova had such a beautiful bouquet. They asked where he collected such beautiful flowers. Vova was a “kind” boy; he told his friends about the clearing. The boys ran there in a crowd.

An elk was walking in the forest. He heard this conversation and also wanted to look at the wonderful clearing. What did he see there! Instead of the purest heavenly flowers, only the trampled delicate foliage of snowdrops remained. Instantly the elk’s eyes became sad, and he began to cry...

Discussion of a fairy tale

1. Can Vova be called a “kind” boy?

2. Why did the moose cry?

3. What early spring plants can you name in your area?

Song

Snowdrop

Words by Ts. Solodar

1. On the first spring walk,

Under the first spring ray

The guys met in the forest

With the first spring flower.

Snowdrop,

You are the same age as Spring.

Snowdrop,

You are the messenger of youth

And our bright song

We sing about you!

2. We inhale the smells of the forest,

We collect flowers in a bouquet,

So that he brings it to his mother with a smile

First spring greetings.

3. The pioneer years will pass,

We will grow up, we will become strong,

And you will be for us, snowdrop,

In memory of the first spring.

Bibliography

1. Great encyclopedia of elementary school. Reading. Natural history. Drawing. – M.: OLMA Media Group, 2007.

2. Ivanova R. S. Environmental education and upbringing in elementary school. Educational and methodological manual: - M.: TsGL, 2003.

3. Primary school. No. 9, May 2008/Primroses. Lesson on the Russian language and the world around us, 4th grade, p. 3-6.

4. Native speech: textbook for 1st grade of primary school. Klimanova L.F. – M.: Education, 2007

5. Collection of riddles: A manual for teachers / comp. M. T. Karpenko. – M.: Education, 1988.

6. Ecological fairy tales: A manual for teachers of grades 1-6 /comp. G. A. Fadeeva. – Volgograd: Teacher, 2005

7. With love for nature. Zapartovich B. B., Krivoruchko E. M., Solovyova L. I. - M.: “Pedagogy”, - 1978

Nothing pleases a gardener more than primroses, which appear one after another on the site. In some places there is still snow, and the lush greenery of plants with cheerful and bright flowers speaks of the awakening of nature in the best possible way.

Perennial primroses with photos and names

Anemone (Anemone)

Crown Anemone with bright large flowers

Anemone or anemone, so nicknamed for its sensitive attitude to the slightest breath of wind, is one of the first to bloom. The leaves of the garden trees and shrubs have not yet blossomed, but the anemone flowers are already swaying on tall stems.

Early flowering allows you to grow anemones under trees, near bushes, near the walls of buildings, which will protect the plant from the wind.

Buttercup and oak anemone, the most common types of plants that are grown in summer cottages as primroses. Anemones bloom at the end of April, their flowering lasts for two to three weeks. The color of the flowers of the oak forest anemone is white, and the buttercup anemone pleases with yellow flowers.

Similar to the plant described above and tender anemone with blue flowers. The smallest anemone (about 10 cm) is very popular among gardeners.

Crown anemone, a representative of warm regions, therefore requires the creation of comfortable conditions for wintering. It requires shelter from the foliage of broad-leaved trees (maple, oak). The flowers of this plant are larger; red and white, purple and pink.

The above-ground part of all anemone species dies after flowering a month later. Therefore, it would be correct to place flowers with a later flowering period next to them. With overgrown foliage they will cover the ugliness of withered anemones.

The most accessible and easiest way to propagate a flower is to divide the bush into several parts. Without digging up the entire plant, separate a piece of turf and plant it in the right place. Separated anemone bushes have good survival rate.

Seed propagation involves autumn sowing in the ground, or this is done at home, with preliminary stratification of the planting material. In the first case, flowering will occur in the spring of next year.

Snowdrops

Blooming snowdrops

The plant is listed in the Red Book, because due to man’s great love for his person, it was practically uprooted from its habitat.

But the gardener has the opportunity to grow it in his own plot and admire its early flowering.

This unpretentious plant may not need replanting for many years, as it has minimum requirements for soil and growing conditions. In addition, these plants do not like their roots being disturbed, but if such a need arises, this should be done together with a piece of turf. There is no need to free the root system from the old soil.

Galanthus, another name for snowdrop, grows well in a shady place. A few hours of sunlight and moist soil is the minimum the plant needs to start flowering. And the cooler the spring weather, the more abundant and longer the snowdrop will bloom.

After flowering, the leaves should be left to wither on their own; during this period, the bulb stores nutrients for full flowering next spring.
The method of propagation by dividing the bush was discussed above, and propagation by seeds will give results no earlier than in four years.

The following species are most often grown in gardens:

1. common snowdrop, a low plant with fragrant flowers;
2. Elvis's snowdrop differs in height (up to 50 cm);
3. Volkov's snowdrop, originally from Russia. This species has the property of growing very quickly, so the bush needs to be divided every three years.

Flowers of all types are drooping, bell-shaped and white.

Scilla

Scilla is a bulbous perennial that covers the ground with low plants with blue star-shaped flowers. It is the density of planting that achieves the effect of a blue carpet, which looks simply amazing against the backdrop of a gray, uncomfortable garden.

Siberian Scilla most common among gardeners as a primrose, used for early decoration of a garden plot. Due to the fact that the plant is hardy and does not require special care, it can grow in its designated bed for up to 5 years. But in order not to weaken its decorative qualities, the minimum norms of fertilizing should still be applied. And they must consist of a complex containing phosphorus and potassium and nitrogen.

Increasing the area occupied by bluegrass will not require much time and expense. It is enough to separate part of the flower along with the soil, without resorting to completely removing the plant, and transplant it to a new place.

The plants are well adapted; with the arrival of next spring, there will be a new island on the site, reflecting the blue of the sky.
Scilla is also grown from baby bulbs, which quickly ripen and are suitable for forming a full-fledged plant at the age of three.

Reproduction often occurs by self-seeding, so single plantings of scilla can become dense thickets.

Tulips are quite widely used by gardeners to create flower beds, flower beds, and are grown specifically for cutting. And primroses include simple early tulips, as well as double early tulips.

This group of plants is characterized by a small height of 25-40 cm, but thanks to their early flowering they can often be found in early May at their summer cottage. And they were planted for one purpose: to give the garden charm and bright colors. Especially when most of the area is not yet covered with lush spring greenery.

Tulip is a moisture-loving plant, so in dry spring they need watering. They can be combined with fertilizing; nitrogen fertilizers are added in early spring, and phosphorus and potassium additives are used during budding and after flowering.

After the tulip flower has faded, its calyx should be cut off. leaving the peduncle, it and the remaining leaves will help the bulb stock up on the necessary nutrients for a safe winter and early flowering in the spring of next year.

Flowers that are used to decorate the garden, and early bloomers are among them, can be left in the ground for several years. In this case, autumn planting of flowers should be carried out to a depth of 25 cm, and more densely, and the soil around should be decorated with evergreen perennials. This will create a more picturesque spring flower garden.

Another beautiful perennial, from the bulbous family, which belongs to the primroses. Blooming at the end of April, it looks great in a small flower garden consisting of early flowering perennials.

The flowering periods of hyacinth are divided into three categories:

• early blooming,
• medium flowering,
• late blooming.

Although it should be noted that the difference between the beginning of flowering of the first category and the last does not exceed 10 days.

The inflorescences of early hyacinths are usually blue in color. Next come pink, white, red flowers. The parade of colors will be completed by plants with yellow and orange caps of inflorescences.

The cooler the spring weather, the longer the hyacinth blooms. If at t +10°C it can be three weeks, then with its increase the flowering period will be reduced by a week.

The flower also has requirements for the composition of the soil. The soil must be fertile, neutral and have good structure and drainage properties. Even a slight stagnation of water in the area where the bulbs are located can lead to their death.

The land for autumn planting of hyacinths begins to be cultivated in advance, introducing organic and mineral fertilizers. The addition of humus, ready-made compost, sand, and wood ash will help improve the soil structure.

Planting of hyacinth bulbs begins at the end of September. Large specimens are deepened by 15-20 cm, and for small ones 8-12 cm will be enough. The distance between the bulbs themselves should be 10-15 cm and 5-8 cm, respectively.

The method of planting bulbs in sand is also practiced. Sand is poured into the groove. A layer of 2-3 cm will allow you to fix the bulbs in it, pour more sand on top, and fill the remaining height of the groove with earth. This method will prevent rotting of the bulbs, protect them from infections in the soil, and increase the drainage capacity of the soil.

With the onset of cold weather, mulch the plantings.

Spring maintenance work begins with removing the mulch layer and carefully loosening the resulting crust on the surface and applying fertilizer.

1. After the sprouts appear, fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizer follows.
2. During the budding period, a complex of mineral fertilizers will help the plant form a strong and bright flower.
3. The third, mineral fertilizing, will allow the bulb to stock up on the necessary elements and safely endure the winter cold.

Narcissus is a bulbous, perennial, early flowering plant.

The height of the plant stem is from 5 cm (dwarf species) to 50 cm, which ends in a white or yellow flower.

It is distinguished by its unpretentious disposition, both in relation to the soil on which it grows and to the light level. It can grow well and develop on sandy soil. Loams are also suitable for growing daffodils. But a minimum amount of the fertilizer complex must still be added to the soil before planting.

Choosing a place to plant a flower is not difficult: sunny or shaded. You should know that if you choose the second option, flowering will last longer.

Bulbs are planted in open ground in September, taking into account that the plants need about three weeks to form a root system. Otherwise, the bulbs will be squeezed out from the depths to the surface of the earth, which will lead to their freezing.

Dividing a bush that already exists on a summer cottage can be done during the period when the narcissus leaves begin to fade.

1. Having dug up the bush, you need to select the baby bulbs and discard the sick and damaged ones.
2. Transplant the bushes you like to a new place, cutting off the above-ground part.
3. It is better to leave a small stump so as not to lose the planting.

Primrose

An unpretentious herbaceous perennial that will enliven any corner of your summer cottage with its bright, varied colors.

Preferring shady places, primrose thrives and blooms under the crowns of garden trees and near ornamental shrubs.

The flowers begin to appear in the first days of May and the plant will receive a sufficient amount of heat and light, because the leaves on the trees have not yet blossomed in full force. And on hot days, the foliage will protect the flower from scorching rays.

The soil for planting flowers should be loose, fertilized, without stagnant water. This will save the gardener from having to apply fertilizer every year.

After 3-4 years, it is advisable to replant the primrose bush. The gardener will have the opportunity to increase plantings, and the plant itself will again be provided with a supply of nutrients for several years to come.

The time of replanting is not critical, but it is better to do it when the plant has flowered.

• The flower is dug up and the roots are washed to determine how best to carry out the division.
• Each separated bush should have its own growing point with two or three leaves and a good bunch of roots.
• After transplantation, the plant should be watered and shaded for several days.

Crocuses

Primroses that withstand any spring changes in weather conditions.

For abundant and lush flowering, crocuses need good lighting. And since they appear practically from under the snow, it is possible to grow them near fruit trees and ornamental shrubs. There is no foliage on the trees yet, and the flower will be fully provided with sunlight.

Crocuses are not picky about soil, but it is necessary to add a small complex of nitrogen and mineral fertilizers to the soil before planting.

An even more important step is to improve the soil structure. It must be moisture permeable. Good drainage will eliminate stagnant water, otherwise the bulb will rot and die.

Crocuses are propagated by bulbous children, which are formed next to the uterine corm. Overgrown plantings of flowers are dug up every 3-4 years, the bulbs are sorted by size, air-dried, but under a canopy. With the arrival of autumn, they are planted in newly properly prepared soil. Usually the timing of this work falls on the third ten days of September.

Muscari

Muscari, a low ornamental plant with a blue inflorescence similar to a bunch of grapes. The bulbous perennial, to which muscari belongs, can be grown in any corner of the summer cottage.

The flower is light-loving, but it can be grown in the trunks of fruit trees, since flowering will end before the foliage creates a shadow over it.

A flower can grow in one place for many years. This involves high-quality soil treatment before planting:

• application of mineral and organic fertilizers,
• improving soil structure.

This will allow the plant to develop without experiencing a lack of nutrients. Ensuring good soil permeability will protect the bulb from rotting.

The same result can be achieved by pouring coarse sand into the holes for planting flowers. In addition, the lack of contact with the soil will protect the planting material from infections that may be in the ground.

For spring flowering, the plant needs enough moisture, which is formed from melting snow. Subsequently, after the leaves die, annuals will probably be planted in this place, and moisture will flow to the bulbs from their watering.

The flower is propagated by bulblets. After the plant bloomed, the leaves turned yellow and dried out, and the flower entered the dormant phase. During this period, the plant can be dug up and young bulbs can be selected. But this work can be done at another time convenient for the gardener. This will not harm the plant.

The flower is a very winter-hardy plant. Caring for it is simple: loosening and weeding are the main types of work.

Grouse

Imperial hazel grouse

Hazel grouse is not a capricious perennial. The original plant, with drooping flowers, makes the gardener want to grow it in his summer cottage.

The first thing to consider when purchasing planting material is their vulnerability. The bulbs do not have an outer covering, and any mechanical damage can cause various types of diseases.

In any case, before planting they need to be disinfected with a weak solution of ordinary potassium permanganate.

Just like most perennials, hazel grouse grows in one place for several years without transplanting. And this must be taken into account when preparing the soil for planting. Adding organic matter in the form of humus or ready-made compost, substrates that improve access to moisture and air will help the plant quickly get used to its new location.

After flowering, which occurs in the second half of May, the plant still looks decorative for some time, but by the end of June the stem begins to fade. This is the best time to increase hazel grouse plantings.

The bulbs are carefully dug out, washed, disinfected in a manganese solution and dried well. Existing bulbs are also planted in the fall, in September. Typically, hazel grouse begins to bloom when the size of the bulb reaches 5 cm in diameter.

So it turns out that growing hazel grouse is not difficult, but it does require patience.

Dicentra is also called "broken heart"

A charming plant with many heart-shaped flowers entices the gardener to purchase the flower.

A rather unpretentious perennial in terms of choosing a planting site. It will bloom in both sun and shade.

The difference is that in an open place flowering will occur earlier, but will be shorter. In the shade, the plant develops more powerfully and the flowering period increases.

Dicentra has a root system that is located close to the surface of the earth; this requires good drainage, otherwise the fragile roots will suffer from stagnant water. This will inevitably lead to their rotting and, as a rule, the death of the plant. The fragility of the roots requires careful handling of the flower during planting.

The flower is grown on fertile soils, with the addition of ready-made compost, humus, and wood ash.

Propagated by dividing the bush, which can be carried out both in spring and autumn. In spring, this work is carried out as early as possible so that it does not harm flowering.

Autumn transplantation is less painful for the flower. After the plant withers, it is dug up and the rhizome is cut into several components. Planted in fertilized holes, covered with fertile soil. It should be watered abundantly; dicentra is moisture-loving.

Forget-me-nots

Forget-me-not Alpine Indigo

Forget-me-nots are a herbaceous perennial plant with delicate blue flowers that prefers shaded areas with moist soil.

The soil where forget-me-nots will grow should not be overfed with nitrogen-containing fertilizers. This will lead to the growth of the green mass of the plant and weaken its decorative qualities.

Forget-me-nots are grown from seeds. At the summer cottage, in June, they prepare a garden bed. Add nitrophoska (30 g per 1 sq. m.), add half a bucket of humus, carefully dig everything up, level it and water it. Seeds are scattered along small grooves. Sprinkle with a thin layer of sand and compact.

To retain moisture and create optimal conditions for germination, the bed is covered with film. By the end of the second week, it is necessary to check the crops; when shoots appear, the cover is removed. The seedlings need to be thinned out.

In the first year, the forget-me-not forms a small bush, and will bloom the following spring in May. By then it should be planted in a permanent place. Spring flower care consists of watering and fertilizing with mineral fertilizers. In the fall, a nitrogen-containing composition should be added to them.

Despite its tenderness and apparent fragility, forget-me-not is a rather aggressive plant. If its growth is left to chance, it will quickly take over territories that do not belong to it.

Lungwort - Pulmonaria villarsae

Lungwort is a low rhizomatous perennial, the main advantage of which is its unpretentiousness in terms of lighting. It can grow even in dense shade.

But partial shade is preferable for her.

The soil for lungwort needs to be slightly acidic and rich in humus. Can grow in one place for about 25 years. But the flower needs thinning, so dividing the bush once every 4 years will solve the problem not only with planting density, but will also provide the summer resident with planting material.

Gardeners value lungwort not only for its bell flowers and its shade tolerance, but also for its decorative foliage. Light or dark green leaves are covered with white spots and specks over the entire surface. In addition, they have the property of changing their color, in which case the speckles merge with the color of the leaf.

Caring for the plant is not difficult, keeping the soil moist (but not excessively), one-time fertilizing with a set of mineral fertilizers and pruning the stems in autumn. Although the removal of stems can be left until the spring.

Primroses in the garden: video

No matter how many flowers are planted on the site, the gardener will always have a desire to buy something new. And this is natural - the beauty of fresh flowers pleases.

And primroses are especially pleasing in early spring, when the snow has just melted and there is almost no greenery - and bright islands of delicate flowers have already awakened.

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Primroses of our region

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The main forests in our region are oak forests. From early spring to late autumn, oak forests delight people with their colors.

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The first spring flowers bloom in the oak grove...

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With the first rays of the sun, from the first thawed patches, the blue snowdrop, a blueberry flower, pleases us with its blue gaze. It can only be called a snowdrop conditionally; it is not related to the real snow-white snowdrop. But it really appears right out from under the snow. In fact, this magnificent plant is called scylla. In nature, there are about 80 species of this flower. In our area, mainly two species have become widespread, Scylla bifolia and Siberian. Scylla Siberian, despite the name, does not grow in Siberia. It is found everywhere in the south of the European part of Russia, in Crimea. Scylla bifolia grows throughout Ukraine and the European part of Russia. In a word - a flower of a temperate climate. Scilla flower 10-12 cm high. Peduncles with drooping flowers of blue color and its shades, depending on whether the scilla grows in a sunny place or in the shade. The fruit is a capsule. The leaves are linear and small. The bulb is small, 1.5-2 cm in diameter. It begins to bloom in mid-March, in our area, sometimes earlier, sometimes later. Scilla flower orients itself according to the weather
These are bluish-blue woods

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Family Fumariaceae. Here is a group of corydalis, which belong to the early spring tuberous ephemeroids.
Lilac Corydalis
A corydalis tuber is a wide, rounded root. The tuber is perennial and as it grows it not only increases in size, but also becomes hollow. The tuber is replaceable and every year a new one is laid and grows inside the old tuber, and the old one turns into its shell. The height of the stem of most species is about 20 cm. At the base of the stem there may be one or several light scale-like leaves. The remaining leaves are green or bluish, usually two on the stem, complex, repeatedly divided into small segments - leaflets. The flowers are collected in clusters at the tops of the stems and are accompanied by bracts. The flower is long, irregular, with 4 petals. The upper petal forms a long sac-like outgrowth at the base - a spur. Two inner petals connected together protrude slightly, like a nose, between the outer flaps. These species bloom in late April - early May, and in June the aboveground part dies off completely.

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Perennial herbaceous plant. The bulb is one, oblong-ovoid, with brownish-gray shells. The stem is dense, glabrous, 15-25 cm high. The basal leaf is flat, single, larger than the inflorescence, broad-linear, 3-9 mm wide, shortly pointed, with a crown-like tip; the upper one is linear or lanceolate, the lower ones are keeled. The inflorescence is umbellate. There are 2-16 flowers on uneven erect pedicels; tepals oblong or linear-oblong, 10-16 mm long, greenish outside, yellow inside; external greenish-yellow, obtuse. The stamens are half as long as the tepals, the anthers are ovate; ovary obovate. The fruit is a triangular membranous capsule. Blooms in April. The fruits ripen in May-June. Flowers that bloom earlier within an inflorescence are larger and produce more seeds. Later blooming flowers produce few seeds or sometimes remain sterile, serving as pollen donors. That is, there is a weakly expressed shift towards dioeciousness.
Yellow goose onion

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Lungwort, or Pulmonaria (Pulmonaria) is a forest rhizomatous plant from the borage family (Boraginaceae) with oblong leaves covered with a small fluff. Lungworts are native to the deciduous forests and foothills of Europe and eastern Asia. The Russian name “lungwort” was given to the plant for the abundance of honey – sweet nectar – in its flowers. The Latin name “pulmonaria” was derived from the word “lung”, as it was believed that the leaves of the plant helped cure coughs and pulmonary diseases. In modern pharmacology, lungwort is almost never used, but in folk medicine it is used as an anti-inflammatory agent for certain diseases, for bleeding.
Blue-violet lungwort

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Violet (lat. Viola) is a genus of plants in the Violet family (Violaceae). About five hundred (according to some sources - more than seven hundred) species are known, growing mainly in the Northern Hemisphere - in the mountains and in regions with a temperate climate.
Violet
Members of the Violet genus are found in most temperate regions of the world; the highest concentrations of species are found in North America, the Andes and Japan. Many species are characteristic plants endemic to the South American Andes; a small number of species are found in subtropical Brazil, tropical and South Africa (in the Cape region); in Australia, New Zealand, and the Sandwich Islands.
Viola tricolor is used in medicine (lat. Herba Jacea, Herba Violae tricoloris) as a diuretic, antiallergic, and antipyretic agent.

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May lily of the valley is a perennial herbaceous plant of the lily family with a creeping branched rhizome and thin roots at the nodes. The underground rhizome is no thicker than a goose feather, bears near the top several pale small lower leaves, half-hidden in the ground. Shoots consisting of 3-6 vaginal leaves extend from the tops and lateral branches of the rhizome. The leaves of the lily of the valley are basal, long-petioled with an oblong-elliptical pointed leaf blade, thin, entire, bright green, bluish on the upper side and shiny on the lower side. The flower arrow is smooth, triangular in the upper part, 15-20 cm high. The perianth is snow-white with slightly bent six teeth. Inside the flower, the pistil is surrounded by six stamens on short filaments attached at the base of the perianth. The plant has a strong but pleasant aroma and blooms from late May to June. The fruit is a juicy three-lobed spherical orange-red berry that ripens in August - September. The plant is poisonous
May lily of the valley

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This is one of the most noticeable spring plants. In early spring, leaves of a basal rosette develop from fleshy cone-shaped tubers, heart-shaped or kidney-shaped, serrated or jagged along the edges, juicy, with an oily shiny surface. Sometimes they spread out over the surface of the soil like a whole carpet. The weakly branched stem bears larger leaves, similar to the basal ones. The flowers are located at the ends of the stems, solitary, similar to bright yellow stars, the upper side of the petals is oily and shiny. In the axils of the upper leaves, brood nodules (they look like wheat grains) are often formed, which serve for vegetative propagation. As they mature, they fall off and develop into new young plants. Sometimes there are so many of these white nodules that when the soil is washed away by spring rains, it seems as if wheat has been sown in some areas. Due to the fact that chistyak is one of the first spring plants containing vitamin C, it has long been used as a so-called blood-purifying spring salad. The plant has a diuretic, anti-inflammatory, mild laxative, analgesic, wound-healing effect and the property of thinning thick sputum when coughing.
Chistyak spring

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Primrose (primrose) true, or spring, or medicinal -Primula veris I. (Primula officinalis (L.) Hill) is a perennial herbaceous plant from the primrose family (Primulaceae) with a short oblique rhizome, numerous cord-like adventitious roots, a rosette of leaves and leafless flowering plants stems - arrows. Leaves with oblong-ovate wrinkled plates, 5-20 cm long and 2-6 cm wide, crenate along the edge, suddenly narrowed into a short petiole. Flowering stems from 10 to 30 cm high, ending in an umbrella-shaped inflorescence of drooping flowers. A calyx of 5 green fused sepals, tubular-bell-shaped, 8-15 mm long, dissected by one third, angular-faceted. The corolla is 5-petalled, bright yellow in color, with a long tube and a flat limb up to 15 mm in diameter. Stamens 5. Pistil with superior ovary. Cross pollination is carried out by insects. The fruit is an ovoid capsule up to 1.5 cm long, with numerous small seeds. True primrose is a plant whose main development takes place in the first half of the growing season. The name speaks to this, although it somewhat exaggerates the characteristics of this plant - the first flowers in our conditions appear not on the primrose, but on the coltsfoot and the so-called “snowdrops”. The primrose blooms in May, and in June the fruits ripen and seeding occurs. For the rest of the summer, the plant has only leaves on its surface.
Primrose

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In the old days, Adonis (Adonis vernalis L.) was called “constipation herb” (at that time, edema was called “water constipation”). Popularly, this herb is also known under other names: yellowflower, yellow-thousand, hogweed, field dill, bathing grass, hare poppy, hairy grass, hair grass, snowdrop, consumables, starodubka, Montenegrin, etc. Adonis belongs to the ranunculaceae family and, like it, Ranunculaceae, poisonous. It is not eaten by livestock and the lands where it is often found are avoided by shepherds. Several types of Adonis grow on the territory of our country: spring, summer, Turkestan, Amur and golden. Some of these species have proven to be valuable medicinal plants. It is no coincidence that Adonis has long been used in folk medicine in many countries. There is evidence that Adonis vernalis was used in Russian folk medicine back in the 14th century. The first study of its effect on the body was carried out in our country at the clinic of S. P. Botkin in 1880 by doctor N. A. Bubnov. After the publication of the results of these studies, Adonis began to be used as an effective remedy for heart diseases.
Adonis

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Lumbago (sleep-grass) is a perennial herbaceous plant with a straight, hairy, erect stem from 5 to 40 cm in height. The basal leaves of the lumbago are petiolate, trifoliate, with wedge-shaped, two- or three-cut leaves and notched, linear-oblong lobules, hairy, filigree, collected in a rosette. Sleep grass flowers are bell-shaped, solitary, very large, wide-open or drooping, with numerous stamens, densely pubescent on the outside, lilac, light purple, yellow, less often white or red, bloom before the leaves appear or simultaneously with them, in early spring, sometimes in early summer. The fruits of the lumbago - nuts covered with long hairs - are also decorative. Dream grass is a plant listed in the Red Book. In ancient times, it was believed that dream grass was a magical, magical flower. Plants also have medicinal properties.
Lumbago

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Distributed from the tundra to the steppe zone of Europe, in Western Siberia, and outside Russia in Scandinavia. Previously, the European swimsuit belonged to the common plants of the middle zone, but now, due to extermination for bouquets, it is found less and less often. The characteristic habitats of the European swimmer are the edges of mixed forests, damp forest clearings, and meadows. Swimweed grows en masse among shrubs in mixed-grass meadows. Reproduces mainly by seeds. Pollinated by bumblebees, bees, flies, small beetles.
European swimsuit

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Marsh marigold is one of the elegant primroses that mark the awakening of nature after winter sleep. On a sunny April day, our eyes are barely able to withstand the triple contrast created by the juicy spots of varnish-brilliant emerald leaves of marigold and its bright yellow flowers against the dark background of defenseless bare spring land... Marigold (Caltha palustris) - growing abundantly along the banks of reservoirs , in swampy swampy lowlands, in swampy forests and meadows, a perennial ornamental flowering plant of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae).
Marsh marigold

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Early flowering trees and shrubs

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(Alnus), a genus of deciduous trees and shrubs in the birch family (Betulaceae). The natural range covers the cold and temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere and reaches along the Andes to Chile. They grow mainly in forest swamps, along rivers and streams, as well as in the highlands, where they are often dominant vegetation. These are one of the first woody plants to settle on stone placers that were exposed during the retreat of the glacier. Most species bloom before the leaves unfurl, and the appearance of their pendulous male catkins is one of the earliest signs of spring. Short, erect female catkins turn into woody cones as the fruits ripen (by next spring). In total, the genus numbers approx. 40 species, of which 10 are in North America. In the eastern USA and Canada, small serrated alder (A. serrulata), gray or white alder, or spruce (A. incana), which is also widespread in Eurasia, grow, the northern species curly alder (A. crispa) and sea alder (A. maritima), found from the Atlantic coast to southern Oklahoma. Interestingly, flowering in the latter species ends in late summer or early autumn. Among the alder species common west of the Rocky Mountains, the largest are rhombifolia alder (A. rhombifolia) and red alder (A. rubra), which, sometimes reaching 30 m in height, grows from California to Alaska. The latter species is distinguished by double-serrate leaves, rather large cones 1.3-2.5 cm long on short orange stalks and dark red fluffy overwintering buds. This is the main species of the Pacific coast used in furniture production. In the eastern United States, another tree species from Eurasia has become naturalized in places - black or sticky alder (A. glutinosa).
Alder

Hazel

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Elm is several species of plants from the genus Elm of the Elm family. Deciduous trees that bloom in early spring before the leaves appear. The most famous, widespread in Europe, is the smooth tree (Ulmus laevis) - a tree up to 35 m tall with fruits (wings) on long stalks. In the USSR it usually grows in deciduous forests. Along river floodplains and lake shores it extends north into the taiga up to 63° N. sh., in the south - in the Caspian semi-desert. Durable, frost-resistant, grows on fertile, sufficiently moist soils; used for landscaping cities and lining reservoirs. V. small-leaved (U. pumila) - a small tree with small, bare, sessile winglets; in cultivation reaches a height of 27 m. A breed of open habitats, fast-growing, drought-resistant, salt-resistant; not susceptible to Dutch elm disease. Grows in dry areas of Asia, southern Europe, North America and Argentina. It is used in protective plantings and landscaping. V. large-fruited (U. macrocarpa) - a low-growing tree with pubescent, large (up to 4 cm), sessile lionfish; cork growths often form on branches; usually dispersed by root shoots; grows among rocks and on screes along rivers; can be used in anti-erosion plantings. V. small-leaved and V. large-fruited are Asian species that grow wild in Transbaikalia, the Far East, Mongolia, China and the Korean Peninsula. V. thick, or elm (U. densa), is bred in Central Asia and Transcaucasia. The wood of all types of wood is used in construction and in the furniture industry.
Elm

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Poplar is a genus of fast-growing, short-lived trees of the willow family (Salicaceae). Homeland - Northern Hemisphere, where poplars grow from the Arctic to the subtropics. Sizes vary from medium to large: in many species the maximum height is about 30 m, and the trunk diameter reaches 2.4 m. Poplar is characterized by the pale velvety bark of young shoots and the rough, deeply cracked bark of old trunks. The leaves are wide on long petioles. Flowers in cylindrical earrings bloom in the spring before the leaves: on some trees they are staminate (male), on others they are pistillate (female). The capsule-shaped fruit contains numerous small seeds, covered with long silky hairs (poplar fluff) and carried by the wind. Balsam poplar (P. balsamifera, or P. tacamahaca) grows from Labrador to Chukotka, New England to North Dakota and the Rocky Mountains. It is often found along rivers in the prairies of northwestern Canada and is the largest tree of the American Subarctic. Its height is up to 27 m, the leaves are thick, ovate, up to 13 cm long. The underside is white.
Poplar

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With the appearance of the first flowers in our gardens, real spring begins. These gentle touching creatures, which appear earlier than others, fill the soul of any gardener with joyful awe. I offer a selection of flowers that are the very first to awaken after winter sleep.

1. Snowdrop (galanthus)

This flower is familiar to everyone since childhood. Who doesn't remember the fairy tale "12 months"? These unpretentious, touching flowers with white bell-shaped flowers are among the first to appear in early spring. Snowdrops bloom for about a month, tolerate temperature changes well and are not afraid of early spring frosts.

2. Scilla (scylla)

The blue snowdrop is sometimes called the blue snowdrop, due to its external resemblance to the latter, and also because it appears as soon as the snow melts. In fact, these are different plants. These blue or blue flowers also do not frighten spring frosts.

3. Hellebore

The name itself suggests that it blooms in the cold. In the south, hellebore blooms in winter, at the end of February. Its buds and flowers are not afraid of either frost or snow.

4. Erantis (spring)

These sunny golden flowers will add cheer to a dull spring garden. Erantis also blooms in early spring, in March-April, and is not afraid of frost and snowfall.

5. Primrose (primrose)

There are many varieties of this plant; only a small part of them is grown in culture. Primroses bloom profusely and for a long time in early spring; some species may bloom again in autumn.

6. Lungwort

Lungwort blooms in April-May. Grows well in light, well-moistened soils. After flowering it produces many colorful leaves.

7. Crocus

Bright, low crocus flowers also appear with the first warmth of spring. Crocuses do not bloom for long, only 5-7 days; without transplanting in one place they can grow up to 5 years. There are types of crocuses that prefer to bloom in the fall.

8. Periwinkle

Evergreen periwinkle retains its foliage even under snow. As soon as the soil begins to thaw, it produces new shoots and is covered in soft blue flowers in April.

9. Adonis or adonis

Bright yellow, like little suns, Adonis flowers appear on the very first fine days of spring. They prefer well-lit areas and light, fertile soil.

Spring clearing appears immediately after the snow melts. Its cute yellow flowers fully bloom only in bright sun, that is, in the middle of the day, and in cloudy weather and at night they close.

11. Liverwort

The liverwort is popularly called the coppice, because it does not like open places and grows only in the forest. Her elegant, bright blue lush bouquets are so pleasant to find in the forest after a long winter.

12. Violet

Fragrant violet is a perennial early spring plant. During flowering, its aroma fills the entire area. In the south, if there is a warm, long autumn, the violet may bloom again in October-November. And it happens that its flowering continues all winter.

13. Muscari

Muscari or mouse hyacinth is a perennial bulbous plant. Its tiny bell-shaped flowers are collected in racemes of blue, light blue, purple or white, depending on the species. There are also two-colored species of this plant.

14. Whiteflower

Spring whiteflower blooms in April for 20-30 days. The height of the plant is 20-20 cm. Green or yellow spots are clearly visible at the ends of its white bell flowers.

15. Chionodoxa

Chionodoxa appears in early spring and is also called the snow beauty. The leaves of this plant appear simultaneously with the buds. Flowers can be solitary or collected in small inflorescences. Chionodoxa comes in white, blue, blue or pink.

16. Pushkinia

Pushkinia is a herbaceous bulbous plant 15-20 cm high. The flowers are collected in racemes of white or blue color. Blooms in early spring.

17. Corydalis

An unpretentious frost-resistant plant that blooms in early spring. The height of the corydalis reaches up to 20 cm. After flowering, its above-ground part dies off, after which the plant is not afraid of any mechanical impact, it does not mind trampling or digging.

18. Iridodictium (reticulate iris)

These tiny bulbous irises bloom in April and produce a pleasant scent. They reach a height of 10 cm. They grow well in sunny areas, but also tolerate slight shading.

19. Marigold

Marigold is very similar to chistyak, but these plants still have differences. The foliage remains until October, this is their main difference. Prefers well-moistened marshy soils.

20. Anemone or anemone

This plant is called anemone because the petals of most species fall off easily in the wind. Depending on the species, anemones may bloom in early spring, summer, or fall.

21. Hyacinth

Hyacinth can rightfully be considered a favorite of the spring garden for its spectacular inflorescences and stunning intoxicating aroma. These plants begin to bloom in April and delight with a rich palette of shades of white, blue, orange, yellow and pink.

22. Hyacinthoides

Another early spring plant. Externally, this plant resembles a scilla, but has larger and elongated flowers. There are plants in white, blue and pink colors. Blooms for a long time, up to three weeks

23. Bulbocodium (brandushka)

This is a very beautiful stemless polyflower, forms 2-4 flowers surrounded by leaves. It blooms for two weeks, spreading an intoxicating aroma around itself.

24. Brunnera (forget-me-not)

Herbaceous perennial up to 40 cm high. This unpretentious frost-resistant plant grows well in shady corners of the garden. The flowers are small, collected in apical inflorescences. Blooms in May.

25. Tulip

Wild varieties of tulips, unlike their cultivated counterparts, bloom much earlier, already in April. In total there are more than 100 species of this plant.

26. Narcissus

Perhaps no other plants evoke as many emotions as. Spring teases with the first truly warm rays of the sun, the first thawed patches and timid streams, but it is the emerging primroses, these small but very brave plants that speak of the final arrival of spring.

Perhaps primroses do not delight with a particular richness of colors or duration of flowering, but almost all of them are very undemanding in care. It is only important in the fall to choose the right place for planting for them. Primroses (both bulbous and rhizomatous) prefer places with good lighting and moist soil, but without stagnant water. If bulbous primroses, in order for them to bloom in the spring, must be planted in the fall (exception: hyacinths and crocuses), then hellebore or lungwort can be planted in the spring.

Advice! Primrose plants must be planted in company with perennials, which will replace them after flowering ends.

Let's take a closer look at which flowers will be the first to fill the garden with blooms after hibernation.

Snowdrop

• Other name - galanthus. A very cold-resistant plant that appears in the garden as soon as the snow has melted. In spring it is one of the first to bloom; even frosts cannot greatly damage the flowering.

Snowdrop, like other small-bulb species, is not picky about soil, but prefers loose, moist, nutritious, well-drained soil; when water stagnates, the bulb dies. The best place for planting is under trees, under bushes that do not create dense shade in early spring.

Advice! Watering will be required only if the winter was little snow and the spring was very dry.

Snowdrop is an ephemeroid; the above-ground part of the plant dies off after a short growing season. They reproduce by baby bulbs; the best period for replanting is July-September.

Scillas

Another flower that many associate with spring, although they are considered to be forest dwellers, where blooming woodlands form sky-blue lakes in the clearings. But these spring primroses will find their place in the garden - in rockeries, alpine roller coaster. Blue streaks on the lawn, among the still bare bushes and trees, will look great.

The most famous among us is the Siberian Scilla - it blooms at the end of March, it is easily recognized by its piercing blue bell-shaped flowers. But varietal species are much more diverse - they can be white, blue, purple and even soft pink.

Scillas are bulbous perennials, non-capricious and independent plants, the best place for which would be the canopy of an orchard, with loose and fairly fertile soil. They reproduce well both by self-sowing and by dividing bulbs, and can grow comfortably in the same place for decades. They are quite winter-hardy, but it is better to cover the place where they grow in the winter with an armful of leaves.

Crocuses

The botanical species bloom first (this may even be the end of February), followed by numerous hybrids of crocuses later - in April. The best thing crocuses look great in a group - this makes their bright colors even more expressive and noticeable. You can either combine different types of crocuses or combine them with other primroses.

Crocuses look especially expressive against the background of stones; the contrast of delicate flowers and austere boulders looks decorative, which is why these spring flowers are invariably planted in. Crocuses look great on lawn, but please note that you can start mowing the grass only after the leaves have completely withered.

Advice! Spring-blooming crocuses are planted in the fall, and they feel equally good both in the sun and in the shade, but in sunny areas the flowering will be more abundant and the flowers will be brighter. Like other bulbous plants, they prefer loose and permeable soils; when water stagnates, the bulbs rot.

Care is minimal; there is no need to dig up crocuses every year for the winter. Withered flowers are removed so that they do not spoil the beauty of the composition. In winter, the place where they grow can be mulched with leaves or compost. Crocuses, like other bulbous plants, are propagated by daughter shoots-bulbs - having planted one, in 2-3 years a dense nest of them will appear in this place.

Advice! If you want the crocuses to bloom early, plant them in the sunniest place, where the snow melts first.

Iridodictium

These flowers are also called irises-snowdrops, they bloom in early spring, as soon as the snow melts. These are frost-resistant bulbous perennials, although in appearance they resemble ordinary irises. They are not tall, but very attractive and graceful, with bright flowers of original color (pale blue, violet, blue, light blue, purple, red, orange) with a diameter of 5 to 7 cm, with a fancy pattern of spots and stripes on the petals.

On a note! Due to their small (up to 10 cm) growth, they are perfect for rocky gardens; during flowering time (March-April) they will make excellent company for other bulbous plants. It is better to plant them on the lawn in a group; in a single planting it will be too inconspicuous.

Caring for iridodictium is almost identical to caring for tulips. They love light, well-drained, nutritious soils, but most importantly, they are very sun-loving, which is very important to consider when choosing a place to plant. It is better to dig up the bulbs in the summer; the main sign for this is the leaves that have begun to die. They are planted at the same time as tulips, in early autumn. The best method of propagation is vegetative; one adult bulb usually produces 1-2 replacement bulbs.

Vesennik

• The origin of this name is a translation from the Latin name - Eranthis (Erantis) , which means “spring” and “flower”.

Often these are the very first spring flowers, which are ahead of even frost-resistant snowdrops. Single flowers (yellow, cup-shaped, no more than 3 cm in diameter) sometimes simply break through the snow, accompanied by graceful bronze-green leaves. Flowering lasts about 2 weeks.