Liquid fuel heating boilers have more advantages than disadvantages. Choosing a liquid fuel heating boiler Liquid fuel heating systems

Liquid fuel boilers make it possible to make home heating completely autonomous from the central gas pipeline. They are used both for space heating and water heating. There are many models, so before purchasing you need to understand the features of their installation and operation.

Heat your home with liquid fuel boilers

Advantages and disadvantages of equipment

Liquid fuel heating boilers make the house completely autonomous in terms of heating and hot water supply. They have their pros and cons that you should be aware of. The main benefits include the following:

ease of installation;
ease of operation and maintenance;
automatic fuel supply;
no need to obtain special permission for installation;
high power and efficiency;
the ability to use for heating both residential and industrial premises;
boilers are fully automated.

In this video we will look at liquid fuel boilers:

If necessary, the type of fuel can be changed; to do this, you need to replace the injector. The devices are characterized by a high level of efficiency. The main disadvantages are the following:

noise during operation;
the need to create a separate room for the boiler and fuel storage;
availability of uninterrupted power supply;
the need to install a chimney.

The cost of liquid fuel is quite high. Despite all the shortcomings, such boilers are in demand.

Operating principle and device

Liquid fuel devices operate on the same principle as gas ones. The main difference is the use of a nozzle (fan burner). The boiler has the following structural elements:

common building;
burner;
Control block;
the combustion chamber;
chimney;
heat exchanger

The package also includes a pump, which is responsible for supplying fuel to a special tank. To improve efficiency, some manufacturers equip the device with heat exchange plates and chimney pipes.

The control unit is fully automatic. The body is completely thermally insulated. This increases the efficiency of the device and also minimizes heat loss. The outside of the boiler is covered with a special film, which remains cold even when the unit is heated, so there is no risk of burns.

Types of boilers

All models can be divided into several groups depending on the principle of operation and the fuel used. There are two principles of fuel combustion:

Evaporation of liquid fuel occurs from the surface of the bowl. The fuel itself burns slowly, so the volume of evaporation is quite large. Most often, this principle of operation is found in homemade devices.
A torch burner is used. Fuel, just like in the first method, goes through pyrolysis. However, the mixture is prepared, evaporated and burned directly in the torch flame.

Boilers with a flare burner are more versatile. Most often they are used for heating country houses. They can work on:

fuel oil;
diesel;
reduced gas;
working off.

Devices that have pre-evaporation cannot burn diesel fuel and gas. Heating units can also be divided into factory-made and home-made. The former are safer and more effective.

Device selection criteria

Household liquid fuel boilers are manufactured by both European and domestic companies. When choosing, you should pay attention to the main characteristics of the device. Need to consider:

power;
price;
functionality;
availability of additional functions.

The optimal power of the device must be calculated by a specialist. The functionality of the units is manifested in the fact that single-circuit models are aimed only at heating. Double-circuit ones can not only heat, but also connect to the hot water supply.

Prices for liquid fuel devices vary. German-made models are the most expensive, most of them belong to the premium class. The average price category is represented by devices from Korea. They have multi-level protection and are fully automated. The most affordable are domestically produced models.

An important factor when choosing a heating device is the manufacturer’s brand itself. The most popular products are from the following manufacturers:

Gecko;
5Energy;
Viessmann;
De Dietrich;
Navien;
Kiturami.

The choice of a specific device depends directly on the budget and desires of the owner. Domestic models are in no way inferior to European ones. They are not picky about raw materials and are equipped with automatic control.

Types of liquid fuel

The list of types of liquid fuel is quite extensive. The choice of a specific type depends on the boiler model. Most often used:

fuel oil;
diesel fuel;
kerosene;
used oil.

Fuel oil and diesel fuel are quite light types of fuel. They are easy to transport and store. Due to the low viscosity of the fuel, it burns as efficiently as possible. The minimum amount of ash and sulfur in the composition ensures the safety of equipment and minimizes emissions into the environment.

When choosing fuel for a liquid fuel heating boiler, you should pay attention to the viscosity and amount of sulfur in the composition. The price of a low-sulfur product is higher, but its use has advantages:

economical consumption;
low costs for equipment maintenance and repair;
minimum amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere.

You can't skimp on fuel. Otherwise, you will have to constantly change the injectors, fuel filter and clean the tanks of sediment.

Features of operation

In order for liquid fuel heating boilers to operate efficiently and properly, it is necessary to adhere to basic operating recommendations. You need to constantly monitor the amount of fuel in the boiler.

Technical inspection and maintenance of the device is carried out periodically. It is recommended to carry out cleaning and detailed inspection for damage at least 2 times a year. The first inspection is carried out before the start of the heating season, and the second immediately after its end.

An important nuance is to use only high-quality fuel and install a special filter to clean it. Periodically it is necessary to check the integrity of containers in which liquid fuel is stored.

Long-burning liquid fuel boilers, when properly operated, can serve for a long period. It is important to carry out technical inspections and troubleshoot problems on time. Only in this case will the operation of the device not only be effective, but also safe.

Liquid fuel boilers from well-known manufacturers Buderus, De Dietrich, Vaillant, Protherm, Viessmann, Wolf, ACV, Kiturami occupy a worthy niche in the market of heating equipment offered to owners of country real estate for the installation of autonomous heating systems. If desired, a liquid fuel boiler can be easily upgraded to a gas-fired model. To do this you just have to change the burner.

For ease of replacement, the mounting dimensions of all types of burners are standardized. This design feature of the equipment is especially appreciated by those who plan to switch to gas heating at home in the foreseeable future. After all, this is the most economically profitable option for heating a home. Manufacturers produce products that run only on liquid fuel, as well as more expensive universal models that can run on two types of fuel (gas and diesel). Most liquid fuel boilers are designed for floor placement.

Liquid fuel boilers are made of cast iron, ductile iron or steel. Cast iron units can last up to half a century, steel units - no more than 10 years.

The simplest diagram of a Russian-assembled liquid fuel boiler. It differs from foreign analogues in its simplicity of design. The boiler consists of several structural elements: 1 - operation control system; 2 - combustion chamber; 3 - liquid fuel burner (universal or diesel); 4 - heat exchanger; 5 - filter necessary for fuel purification; 6 - chimney.

Features of the design of liquid fuel burners

Review of specific popular models

Delta Pro 25/45/55 from the Belgian company ACV

ACV Delta Pro boilers are produced for domestic use. This series is intended not so much for heating small private houses, but for supplying them with hot water in large volumes. Boilers are produced using the patented “tank-in-tank” technology, which involves connecting an external steel tank to the heating circuit and placing in it a corrugated tank made of stainless steel using the argon-arc welding method. Sanitary water is heated in an internal corrugated tank. The walls of the internal tank, which are not in contact with the burner flame, but contract and expand with temperature changes, are capable of self-cleaning of scale. Heating of a sufficient volume of sanitary water is ensured due to the large area of the corrugated surface of the internal tank.

In just 10 minutes, ACV Delta Pro 25/45/55 boilers at δT = 30 °C heat 268/316/362 liters of water. The operating water pressure reaches 7 bar. The coolant is heated by four or eight smoke pipes with turbulators. The number of pipes depends on the model. Both a gas burner and an oil burner can be connected to these boilers. The main devices (safety, control and adjustment) located on the control panel are supplied with the product. The modified Delta Pro Pack boilers additionally include a pump group, as well as circuit expansion tanks and a four-way mixing valve.

Models Delta Pro 25 and Delta Pro 45 can be equipped with a closed combustion chamber, from which combustion products are removed through a coaxial chimney. It also supplies the air necessary to maintain the combustion process in the chamber.

The price of ACV Delta Pro 25/45/55 is, respectively, 99,000/115,000/133,000 rubles.

Bison 30NL/40NL/ 50NL from the Slovak company Protherm

The Slovak manufacturer uses animal names in the names of its boilers. Under the name Protherm Bizon NL, six models of liquid fuel units are sold, differing in power, which depends on the number of cast iron sections in a two-pass heat exchanger, tightened together with threaded rods. This equipment is capable of working with a mounted liquid fuel or gas burner. A suitable burner must be purchased separately from the boiler. There is an inspection hole in the front door of the unit that allows visual inspection of the operation of the equipment. The device is equipped with a minimum set of instrumentation and sensors, which is reflected in its cost.

The basic package includes a main switch, a wheel-type thermostat, and a thermometer. An optional room regulator is available, which, when connected to the boiler, significantly expands its capabilities. To ensure hot water supply, it is necessary to purchase a separate indirect heating storage boiler placed on the floor or on the wall. The boiler volume is 500 liters. The boiler is sold assembled.

Universal heating boiler Protherm Bizon 30NL, for which a burner operating on gas or liquid fuel is purchased separately

The price of Protherm Bison 30NL/40NL/50NL is, respectively, 49,600/57,300/73,100 rubles.

GT 123 from the French company De Dietrich

Four models are part of a series of floor-standing pressurized cast iron boilers produced by De Dietrich. The power of the models varies in the range of 21-39 kW. The equipment can operate on gas and liquid fuel. Requires purchase of appropriate burner. The buyer can choose to purchase one of three boiler control systems:

standard (manual control);
Easymatic (remote control);
Diematic 3 (automatic control of a large number of heating units, including pool heating).

The cost of De Dietrich GT boilers ranges from 46,600 rubles to 66,400 rubles.

A De Dietrich GT liquid fuel boiler installed in a separate room of a country cottage, equipped with an automation unit

Logano G125 SE from the German company Buderus

Floor-standing liquid fuel cast iron heating boilers of this company can operate on two types of fuel (gas and diesel fuel). To do this, a special burner is installed, which, in the absence of gas, starts working on diesel fuel. The equipment has a presentable appearance. In addition, the unit can operate in two modes - safe and energy efficient. Cast iron boilers are supplied disassembled and assembled by specialists at the installation site.

Fuel savings are achieved through the use of the Buderus Logamatic control system, which monitors the outside air temperature.

The cost of these German boilers starts at 142,400 rubles.

South Korean steel boilers Kiturami STSO

In addition to the listed models, the products of a South Korean manufacturer that produces liquid fuel boilers under the Kiturami STSO brand are in demand on the market. This equipment is made of stainless steel using special technologies that make it possible to obtain compact and lightweight devices.

The cost of Kiturami boilers is in the range of 28,622 - 47,081 rubles.

Is it worth purchasing a liquid fuel unit?

Boilers operating on fuel oil or other types of liquid fuel are less common compared to other types of heating equipment. Liquid fuel boilers are used where there are no alternative fuels (wood, coal, gas). Also, these units are actively used in industrial enterprises and auto repair shops that have large quantities of fuel oil and waste oil. In order not to spend money on waste disposal, it is burned to obtain the necessary heat to heat production areas.

Device and principle of operation
Advantages and disadvantages
Conclusion

On the modern market there are many offers of various equipment for heating private houses and cottages, using various types of energy resources to generate heat - from main gas and electricity to firewood and sawdust. But what to do and how to heat your home if natural gas is not supplied to it, a small limit on electricity is set, and various types of biofuel are not available for various reasons? In this situation, there is only one alternative - heating boilers using liquid fuel (diesel).

Types of diesel boilers

So, due to the impossibility of using other common energy sources, you have decided to install liquid fuel heating in your home. The time has come to choose a heating boiler, and here you should figure out what types of these products exist and choose the most suitable option. Manufacturers offer liquid fuel heating boilers of the following types:

diesel boilers;
universal units, they provide the ability to switch from diesel to natural gas;
diesel fuel condensing boilers;
installations that burn all types of waste oils.

If the situation with energy resources is not expected to change in the foreseeable future, then your option is to heat a private house with a heating boiler of the first type, which burns only diesel fuel.

For reference. Most of these installations can also operate on liquid biological fuel, which is obtained from industrial crops (biodiesel). This option can be very useful if such an energy source is available to you.

Some homeowners who are looking for a heating boiler believe that they can also burn waste from their car in a diesel boiler. This is the wrong approach, and for the following reasons:

Not every burner device operates on contaminated oils.
The calorific value of liquid fuel is much higher than that of waste oils. Accordingly, the areas of heat transfer surfaces are calculated for liquid fuel; during combustion, the efficiency will be significantly lower.
During combustion, the exhaust emits significantly more soot, which settles throughout the entire smoke duct. This can be a big problem when maintaining and cleaning smoke pipes.

In their design, liquid fuel boilers are very similar to heat generators running on natural gas. Accordingly, many manufacturers offer universal water heating units with alternate use of liquid and gaseous fuels. The transition from one type of fuel to another is carried out by replacing the burner device. True, a universal boiler that runs on liquid fuel and main gas will cost you a little more.

If the area of the heated room or building is less than 200 m2, and in the near future you expect connection to a gas pipeline, then you should not rush to purchase a universal heater.

The fact is that the cost of a boiler block and two burners may be higher than two separate full-fledged units. Therefore, first you can install a diesel boiler, and after connecting to the main line, buy and install a gas heat generator. You can find out more information by watching the video:

Condensing domestic diesel boilers are the most economical and efficient representatives of this family of heat sources. Manufacturers declare the efficiency of their condensing units at 97%, this is the highest figure among all other heaters. As usual, their cost is quite high and not every owner can afford to include such a high-tech product in their heating system.

It is very good if you have access to such a secondary resource as used automobile oil in sufficient quantities. Then there is a waste oil boiler specifically for this purpose, the product is manufactured and offered on the market by many manufacturers. Also, similar heating boilers have been well mastered by various craftsmen who make homemade heaters.

Device and principle of operation

As mentioned above, liquid fuel heating boilers are structurally similar to two-pass and three-pass gas boilers. Due to their design, the products are produced in a floor-standing design.

For reference. In boiler installations with a fire tube heat exchanger, combustion products can change the direction of movement several times, making several passes through the fire tubes and intensively transferring heat to the water jacket. Based on the number of strokes, the heat exchanger is assigned a characteristic - three-pass or two-pass.

The similarity lies in the design of the heat exchanger from flame tubes enclosed in a water jacket. In the very center there is a fuel combustion chamber; only in a diesel unit it has a cylindrical shape. This is due to the design features of the burner device using liquid fuel. The main elements and details are shown in the figure.

device of a Viessmann boiler operating on liquid fuel

A – external thermal insulation shell; B – heat exchange surfaces of flame tubes; C – combustion chamber; D – electronic control unit; E – burner device.

In products from leading foreign manufacturers, the firebox is made of heat-resistant stainless steel; budget domestic heat generators can also be made of ordinary thick metal. The heat exchanger material is cast iron or steel; basalt fiber or dense polyurethane foam is used for thermal insulation. A burner that runs on liquid fuel is of particular interest; its design with a breakdown of the elements is shown below.

Diesel burner drawing

A – air control throttle valve; D – ignition system unit with flame control sensor; E – fuel line; F – fan electric motor; G – pump; K, N – supply and return pipelines for fuel; I – solenoid valve; L – fault signal reset button; M – automatic heating control; N – console; O – ignition cable; P – electrodes of the ignition system; R – cylindrical working part; S – mixing device; T – nozzle; U – rod with fuel heater; V – air intake device; W – burner body; X – air channel; Y – fan impeller.

The working part is made in the form of a cylinder with many holes, through which a flame passes. When fuel combustion occurs, the burner flame heats the cylindrical walls of the firebox, as shown in the photo.

Diesel burner operation

A special container is designed for fuel; it can be free-standing or suspended from the wall; a supply line is laid from it to the burner. Some burner devices have a return fuel line to relieve pressure, then the installation of the boiler and its connection are provided by two pipes - supply and return, going into the fuel container. Ignition is carried out automatically at the command of the control unit.

Brief description of the work process

The combustion of diesel fuel has its own characteristics, as does the operating principle of a heating boiler using liquid fuel. To begin with, the fuel must be heated to a certain temperature, usually 50 ºС. For this purpose, the burner is equipped with a heating element. When the fuel pump creates pressure in the line, the automatic control switches on the heater and ensures that the temperature of the diesel fuel in the pipes remains 50 ºС.

After warming up, the controller turns on the fan and, using an electric valve, opens the fuel supply to the injector. The latter sprays it, and the fan supplies air, at the same moment a spark jumps at the ignition electrodes and the air-fuel mixture ignites. Next, the burner goes into the normal operating mode of a diesel boiler. The combustion intensity is controlled by an air supply throttle valve connected to the fuel pump. When the heating system warms up or the fuel container is empty, the controller turns off the burner and, if necessary, starts it again.

Many homeowners are interested in the question, how much fuel does a diesel heating boiler consume in operating mode? The answer depends on many factors, such as climatic conditions, the degree of insulation of the building, the quality of diesel fuel, and so on.

Based on various practical observations, we can say that for heating a house with an area of 150 m2 in the coldest time and operating the burner at full power, the mass fuel consumption of a diesel boiler will be about 2.5 kg/h. In average mode, this figure can decrease by 20-30%.

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantage of a diesel fuel boiler is that its use is possible in the absence of all energy sources. The exception is electricity, which is still needed a little, approximately up to 100 W/h. Other advantages of liquid fuel boilers are:

High efficiency indicator, the efficiency of the units is in the range of 90-97%.
Lack of inertia when switched off, which will protect the coolant from overheating.
A high level of automation (in foreign units), thanks to which it is possible to organize weather-dependent control of home heating.
Possibility of switching to natural gas by replacing the burner.
Small overall dimensions allow the heater to be installed in a small room.

As usual, no business is without its drawbacks. In this case, the main disadvantage is the high cost. Expensive equipment, fuel and maintenance. The latter should be done quite rarely, manufacturers say, but in fact, our diesel fuel is not of good quality, and therefore there is a prospect of often fiddling with the burner. This also includes cleaning smoke pipes from soot that inevitably arises during the combustion of low-quality diesel.

Conclusion

Liquid fuel boilers for heating a private home are usually purchased for two reasons: often this is a forced and temporary step, made due to the lack of other energy sources. The second case is when there is access to cheap fuel, because its cost is the main obstacle to the popularity of this family of boilers.

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Liquid fuel boilers - review of models and choice of the best option!

For comfortable living in a private house in a temperate or northern climate, it is necessary to equip a heating system. Unfortunately, cottage owners do not always have the opportunity to connect to a centralized heating system. And in such situations, they buy liquid fuel boilers - a review of models and selection of the best, or rather, advice on choosing excellent equipment, you will find here.

Liquid fuel boilers - review of models and selection of the best

Device Features

What is a heating boiler that runs on liquid fuel? This is a special device, safe and technologically advanced when used correctly, which, by processing liquid fuels (in other words, burning), turns them into heat, which heats the entire residential building. At the same time, they cope with their task perfectly - it’s not for nothing that owners of private houses praise them.

Liquid fuel boiler

We also note that an oil-fuel boiler not only heats living quarters, but also heats water (however, this depends on the heating system as a whole and on the type of device). Using these boilers is very convenient and comfortable, since they are fully automated - the owner only needs to top up the fuel in a timely manner.

On a note! As you know, there are not only liquid fuel boilers - there are devices that run on solid fuel, gas, and electricity. They differ from each other in the type of raw materials used for work. A liquid fuel unit also differs from a gas unit in that it has some design features - it has a special burner-fan built into it.

Boiler design diagram

Unfortunately, even those who initially use a liquid fuel device often do not know by what principle this heat generator is capable of heating an entire house. First of all, it is worth saying that the above-mentioned fan burner forces the fuel to enter the chamber, where it is burned and heat is released. The burner is also responsible for the safety and high productivity of the device - the fuel is atomized during supply, mixed with clean air, and only then does ignition occur.

Another important part of an oil-fuel boiler is the heat exchanger and coolant. During the ignition of the fuel in the chamber, the released heat completely envelops the heat exchanger, heating it, and due to the heating of this part, thermal energy is transferred forward to the coolant. The exhaust itself (“exhaust”) exits through the chimney into the street.

The next important element of the heating boiler is the heat exchanger, which is made of steel or cast iron

Thermagent Eko coolant

This entire system is enclosed in a durable housing that is thermally insulated. And automation monitors the ongoing process - everything works almost without human intervention.

Liquid fuel boiler Viessmann Vitorondens 222-F

Types of boilers and fuel

Depending on the type of device and its purpose, there are two main types of liquid fuel boilers.

Table. Types of liquid fuel boilers.

Heating boiler EKOM-350 under testing

Attention! A double-circuit boiler is not always better than a single-circuit boiler. In some houses, the need for hot water is much lower than for heating, which means it is easier to install a single-circuit boiler and a boiler for heating liquids than to use a double-circuit unit.

Also, liquid fuel boilers may differ in the material from which the heat exchanger is made. For example, it can be either cast iron or steel - both of these materials are reliable and safe, but cast iron accumulates and stores thermal energy better than steel. At the same time, cast iron is heavier, but has a long service life, and steel is light, but will also last less.

Liquid fuel boilers are also domestic and industrial

The boiler can run on different types of liquid fuel - there are boilers that run on oil, diesel fuel or mixtures of these liquids.

Diesel boilers use special heating kerosene, which has its own GOST-305.
In devices that operate on waste oil, transmission and motor oils from automobiles are used. It is also permissible to use ATF lubricating fluid, which must have a mineral or synthetic base. But at the same time, it is important to clarify the combustion temperature of this type of fuel - it should not be more than +204 degrees.
A mixture of these two liquids can be used as fuel, but it is important to ensure that it does not contain other types of impurities (for example, water) or abrasive particles.

Characteristics of various types of liquid fuels

It is easy to convert an oil-fuel boiler to gas

On a note! Some models of liquid fuel boilers can be converted in the future to operate on gas. But it is advisable to install such a device only if gas will be supplied to the site in the future. It is better to entrust the re-equipment of boilers to specialists in order to avoid equipment damage and sad consequences.

Types of liquid fuel burners

Advantages and disadvantages

Liquid fuel heating units, like any other technical device, have their advantages and disadvantages. To make the right choice and know what you should be prepared for, you need to familiarize yourself with them.

Liquid fuel heating boiler

Advantages of liquid fuel boilers:

the possibility of using residential buildings, enterprises, and non-residential premises as heaters;
independence from the central heating system;
the operation of the device is automated;
absence of smell and noise during operation;
reliability;
very high efficiency (about 95%);
safety.

Liquid fuel boilers have many advantages

Disadvantages of liquid fuel boilers:

need for fuel storage - a special container is required;
high cost of equipment;
the need to arrange a boiler room - an individual room for installing the device;
chimney installation;
relatively high cost of liquid fuel.

Diesel heating of a private house

Choosing a boiler

How to choose a boiler that runs on liquid fuel so that you are completely satisfied with it? Step-by-step instructions will help you do this.

Step 2. Decide what type of boiler you need - single-circuit or double-circuit. You can read about the advantages and necessity of installing one or another type above. However, the cheaper option will most likely be a single-circuit boiler.

Decide on the number of circuits

Step 3. Choose which material suits you best - cast iron or steel. Experts recommend purchasing boilers made of cast iron, as they are more reliable and retain heat better.

Decide on the material

Liquid fuel boiler Sime Rondo

Step 4. If in the future you plan to switch your heating system to gas, be sure to take this into account when choosing a model. The fact is that some of the boilers are quite easy to convert, and then buy just such a boiler.

Basic design of the burner

Step 5. Estimate how much money will be spent on heating the boiler. Each type of device and each of its models require different amounts of fuel. And to make it easier to decide, calculate which boiler is suitable for you in terms of power. To do this, make a simple thermal calculation. At the same time, take into account the number of doors and windows, the thickness of the walls and ceilings of the house, its dimensions, as well as the number of people living there. For example: in a house where the ceiling height is 3 m and the walls are well insulated, about 1 kW is needed for every 10 m2 of area. Boiler sellers usually help make the calculations.

Fuel consumption, in turn, depends on power. Take the following diesel fuel consumption per hour: multiply the burner power by a factor equal to 0.1. Calculate oil consumption as follows: multiply 1 liter by 100 m2.

Table of main boiler calculation options

Step 6. Remember that you need to equip fuel storage as well. Also think about what fuel you would like to purchase the unit with. Remember: it is easier to convert a diesel generator into a gas one.

Step 7: Be sure to read reviews about different types and models of devices before making a purchase. Often buyers try to sell not the best, but expensive equipment. Tips and recommendations online can help you avoid mistakes.

Liquid fuel boilers

Popular models

To make the right choice and finally buy a heating boiler, you should take a closer look at the main models. It is those described below that are most often installed in houses for the purpose of heating them.

Choosing a manufacturer

Boilers from the following companies are usually purchased:

Ferroli (Italy):
Protherm (Slovakia);
De Dietrich (France);
Kiturami (South Korea);
Buderus (Germany).

Table. Popular models of liquid fuel boilers.

NameDescription

	This series of models is produced by De Dietrich (France). The boilers are made of cast iron and have a power from 21 to 39 kW. They can be provided with one of three systems for adjusting the operation of the installation (the buyer can choose) - manual, remote, automatic adjustment. It is possible to convert to gas with the condition of replacing the burner. The model costs approximately 71,200 rubles.
Delta Pro 25/45/55	Manufacturer – Belgium (ACV). The purpose of these installations is home use, mainly not only for heating, but also to provide the residents of the house with hot water - a tank for heating water is connected to the heating circuit. The liquid is heated to +30 degrees in approximately 10 minutes. The boiler can be converted to use gas fuel. Cost - from 160,000 to 202,000 rubles.
Kiturami STS Oil	South Korean boilers are in great demand due to their low price (from 28,920 rubles). But at the same time they are of excellent quality. They are made of stainless steel, light and durable, and also compact.
Bison 30NL/40NL/50NL	Manufacturer – Slovakia (Protherm company). This range of models combines several units that work perfectly on liquid fuel. They differ in power, which directly depends on the number of cast iron sections in the heat exchanger. A viewing window helps monitor the operation of the equipment. The units also provide water heating. Interestingly, the manufacturer names the boilers after animals. The equipment can be converted to consume gas fuel - the burner is purchased separately. Cost: 46,100 – 74,600 rubles.
Olympia OLB	These Korean boilers last at least 10 years, according to the manufacturer. Their power starts from 11 kW. The units are equipped with a turbocharged burner built inside. Due to this, noise reduction was achieved. Boilers of higher power (from 40 kW) are equipped with a burner with gear pumps. The boiler will cost from 38,580 to 49,850 rubles (depending on the specific modification).
	The manufacturer of these boilers is Germany (Buderus). They work well on liquid fuel and can be easily converted to gas if necessary. They are distinguished by reliability, efficiency, and safety. Very economical - this was achieved through a unique control system that monitors weather conditions and is called Buderus Logamatic. And, what is also very important, the boilers of this company look very presentable. The average market price is about 125,580 rubles.

Video - Selection of a diesel boiler

Like any other device, an oil-fuel boiler is a potential source of danger - smoke, fires, etc., however, following these recommendations will help minimize the risks:

The boiler should be cleaned regularly. The fact is that the soot layer, which is about 2 mm thick, increases fuel consumption by as much as 10%. It is necessary to clean the nozzles in the burner that injects liquid fuel. Check the boiler at least once a year. It is best to invite an experienced specialist to carry out preventive work.

Remember that timely maintenance of a liquid fuel boiler will ensure its long and reliable service without interruptions. Therefore, you should not neglect cleaning - it will cost much less than buying a new boiler. And absolutely all models of installations need cleaning, regardless of price and quality.

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What are the advantages of liquid fuel boilers for the home?

By installing a liquid fuel boiler for your home, you can solve several problems at once: obtain a heat source for heating living quarters and hot water, in sufficient quantities. Before purchasing a heat generator, take into account the operating features that influence the choice, possible heating costs and cost.

Types of household liquid fuel boilers

Heating boilers for private houses and cottages using liquid fuel are classified according to several criteria. It is customary to divide boiler equipment according to the principle of operation and the type of fuel used:

Home boiler systems running on liquid fuel are also classified according to build quality. Made in the factory, they are reliable and safe. “Home-made” installations are explosive and fire hazardous.

Is it profitable to heat a house with an oil-fuel boiler?

The first heating systems for country houses with liquid fuel boilers were practically free. Owners of service stations, transport convoys and vehicle depots were ready to give away the work, practically for nothing. The consumer was required to pay the cost of electricity. At the moment, the cost of liquid fuel has increased significantly, but factory boilers have also become more economical. To determine the economic benefits of installing liquid fuel boilers for heating residential buildings, several important aspects of their operation are considered:

Cost of installation and connection - costs are reduced to installation work and payment for piping the boiler. Obtaining additional documents and permits is not required. The difference with a gas boiler becomes obvious if you consider that just for connecting to the central highway, in some regions of the Russian Federation, 80,000 - 120,000 rubles will be required.
Liquid fuel consumption - to obtain 10 kW of heat within an hour, you will need to burn about 1 kg of energy. The costs are affected by the ambient temperature and the absence of errors in connecting the heat generator. The average consumption of diesel fuel per year, for a house of 100 m², will be 4-5 tons, waste oil - 6-7 tons.

Connecting a liquid fuel boiler room with a large capacity reserve leads to excessive fuel consumption by 10-15%. For this reason, a preliminary calculation of the boiler is performed by a specialist. The power reserve should not exceed 10-15% of the actual need for thermal energy, taking into account hot water supply.

How to choose a boiler for heating a house with liquid fuel

Home liquid fuel heating boilers are manufactured by European and domestic companies. When selecting a suitable model, several performance characteristics are taken into account:

Power – calculations are made by a specialist. Preliminary calculation is performed using the formula 1 kW = 10 m².
Functionality - single-circuit models, working for heating, double-circuit, connected to heating and hot water systems. In some models with two circuits, there is a built-in storage tank that ensures a uniform supply of hot water during peak loads on the hot water supply.
The price of the boiler is the most expensive; German boilers are presented exclusively in the premium class. In the mid-price category, boilers from Korean manufacturers are offered, equipped with an automation system and multi-level protection. The cheapest in the price segment is domestic boiler equipment.

In addition to selection by power, functionality and price category, the heat generator is selected depending on the manufacturer’s brand.

Which brands of liquid fuel boilers are better?

Boilers running on liquid fuel are no longer as rare as they were in the early nineties and 2000s. Modern heating devices are produced by several dozen enterprises, both world leaders in the production of heating systems and little-known companies. The following brands enjoy reliability and constant demand among Russian consumers:

Kiturami.
De Dietrich.
Navien.
Gecko.
Vaillant.
5Energy.
Olympia.
Viessmann.

In the list, models of domestic liquid fuel boilers especially stand out. Advantages: unpretentiousness to the quality of the raw materials used, resistance of the automation and pump to voltage surges.

Requirements for installing an oil-fuel boiler in a house

Installation of a heating boiler using liquid fuel in a private house must comply with fire safety requirements and building codes. Installation work is carried out in compliance with the following recommendations:

For the boiler room, use a ventilated room with natural and artificial lighting. Forced supply and exhaust ventilation is required.
The walls of the boiler room are lined with non-flammable materials: ceramic tiles, plaster.
The operation of the boiler is accompanied by high-intensity noise - the boiler room is soundproofed.
Sanitary standards for installing a boiler recommend using exclusively technical and non-residential premises, separated from the corridor and living rooms by a door.
Installation of an oil-fuel boiler is carried out taking into account fire safety gaps. The chimney pipe, when passing through the floor slab, walls and roof, is installed in a special groove.

For convenient operation and maintenance, the boiler is placed in a boiler room with sufficient area to ensure easy access to all important components of the device.

Experience in operating liquid fuel boilers - pros and cons

Heating boilers for individual residential houses, cottages, dachas, using liquid fuel, have several significant advantages. There are also disadvantages that affect operation:

Advantages - modern liquid fuel heat generators are economical boilers with a high degree of heating automation. Fuel is available in any region of the Russian Federation. For household connection, there is no need to obtain permits or carry out approvals. An additional plus is the possibility of further conversion to natural gas, as well as operation on any type of liquid fuel.
Disadvantages - when burning raw materials, a large amount of soot is formed. A boiler operating in exhaust gas will have to be cleaned every 2-3 days, using diesel fuel, approximately once a week.

If we take into account all the advantages and disadvantages, in areas where there is no central gasification, this is the optimal boiler for heating and producing hot water.

avtonomnoeteplo.ru

Liquid fuel heating boilers: design, types, review of popular models

Productive and economical liquid fuel heating boilers allow you to achieve complete autonomy from the centralized gas pipeline. When thinking about installing a unit, you need to understand its structure, operating principle and operating features. The choice of boiler should be based on a comparative assessment of the characteristics and functionality of different models. An important factor is the reputation of the manufacturer.

Advantages and disadvantages of liquid fuel boilers

Liquid fuel boilers, despite their ability to effectively heat a building and technical excellence, are not as common as gas or solid fuel heat generators.

Equipment running on diesel fuel or waste fuel is very popular in Western European countries.

Our compatriots are considering installing a liquid fuel unit as an alternative heating method in the absence of a centralized gas supply line

The significant advantages of an oil-fuel heating boiler include:

High work efficiency. The efficiency of most models reaches 95%. Fuel is consumed with virtually no losses.
Great power. The performance of the units allows heating both compact residential premises and spacious production workshops.
High level of work automation. The boiler operates for a long time without human intervention.
Autonomy from energy sources. Except for electricity. If necessary, you can get by with a generator.
Possibility of switching to gas fuel.

There are additional advantages of such equipment. Installation of the boiler does not require approval or permission. In addition, the absence of a gas pipeline greatly facilitates installation work.

Many models provide climatic adjustment of the boiler - setting a comfortable temperature in the house, taking into account the outside temperature

Difficulties in installing and operating an oil-fuel boiler:

High costs for purchasing fuel. With intensive use of equipment, annual fuel consumption can reach several tons.
A separate building is being built for fuel storage. As an option, a warehouse with containers made of opaque plastic or steel is installed in the ground. An important condition is protection from sunlight.
The unit must be placed in a separate room with good ventilation and powerful exhaust hood.
If the diesel boiler room is located close to the house, then additional sound insulation will be required - the burner makes noise during operation.

When equipping underground fuel storage facilities, it is necessary to take into account the hydrogeological characteristics of the area.

Design and principle of operation of the boiler

Liquid fuel units operate on the same principle as gas units. The main difference is the use of a fan burner (nozzle). The type of device largely determines the efficiency and economy of the boiler.

Main operating units of the heat generator

Structural elements of a liquid fuel boiler:

burner;
the combustion chamber;
heat exchanger;
chimney;
Control block;
frame.

The liquid fuel heating installation is equipped with a line with a pump that supplies fuel and a tank for storing fuel.

To increase the performance and efficiency of the device, manufacturing companies are improving models by adding different heat exchange plates and chimney tubes to the device.

Burner. The main module of the installation, which is responsible for preparing the fuel-air mixture and transmitting it in the amount necessary to maintain the operation of the heat generator.

The liquid fuel burner is fan driven. Fuel is supplied and injected into the combustion chamber under pressure - forced air injection is performed

Standard burner equipment for an oil-fuel boiler:

Ignition transformer. Generates a spark that ignites the fuel.
Control block. Determines the start-up phases, performs control and stops the burner. The connection of a photocell, an ignition transformer and an emergency shutdown sensor is provided.
Solenoid valve. Corrects the supply of fuel to the combustion chamber.
Air regulator with filter. The device normalizes the air supply, preventing the ingress of solid particles.
Preheater. Changes the state of the fuel, reducing its viscosity. The more liquid the fuel enters the nozzle hole, the more economically it is consumed.
Fuel overflow pipe. It is connected to the tank where the fuel is heated.
Flame pipe. Through the main line, thermal energy is supplied to the place where the coolant is heated, which then circulates in the heating system.

The burner can be initially built into the boiler without the possibility of increasing the power of the unit. Attachable modules allow you to modify the equipment.

Setting up a mounted burner is done by a specialist at home. The advantage of a factory-built module is quick commissioning of the boiler system

The combustion chamber. Essentially, it is a heat-resistant container with an inlet and an outlet. As a rule, it has a round or rectangular cross-section.

Heat exchanger. Through the walls of the heat exchanger, thermal energy is transferred to the coolant. In modern models, the coating of this element is made according to the principle of a radiator device - this allows maximum use of the thermal energy obtained during the combustion process.

The burner and door are fixed on the front section of the heat exchanger. The number of sections and the heat exchanger coverage area determine the boiler power

Chimney. Air intake is carried out from the street or from the boiler room. When supplied from outside, air is supplied through a coaxial chimney or through a separate channel. To increase efficiency, smoke channels are equipped with steel plates - the exhaust gases form turbulent flows, reducing their speed. The traction is maintained.

Control block. Automation is designed to maintain the set temperature. Auxiliary functions reduce the cost of boiler operation. From a technical point of view, the most advanced are weather-dependent units that change the heating temperature of the coolant based on the readings of external sensors.

Frame. All elements of the system are enclosed in a durable heat-insulating housing. This “shell” reduces heat loss and increases the efficiency of the boiler. The outside of the body is covered with a layer of heat-insulating film, which, when heated, remains cold and protects the operator from burns.

How does a room heat up?

The entire process of generating heat in an oil-fuel boiler and transferring thermal energy to heating radiators can be divided into several stages.

The operating principle of the thermal unit is based on the preparation of a mixture of fuel and air with its subsequent spraying in the combustion chamber

Stage 1. Diesel oil or other fuel is poured into the storage facility. The fuel pump supplies liquid to the burner device - pressure is created in the pipeline. At the same time, the fuel pump uses sensors to determine the quality of the fuel and the percentage of its thickening.

Stage 2. Diesel fuel enters the preparation chamber. Here the fuel is mixed with air, heated and liquefied.

Stage 3. The fuel-air mixture is supplied to the injector. Under the action of a fan, the mixture is atomized and the fuel mist ignites in the combustion chamber.

Stage 4. The walls of the chamber heat up. Due to this, the heat exchanger and coolant are heated. Warm water enters and circulates in the heating system.

Stage 5. When a flammable substance is burned, gases are formed that are discharged through the chimney. Rushing out, the smoke passes through a series of heat exchange plates and also gives off its heat.

When fuel is burned, soot is formed. To maintain the boiler efficiency at the proper level, the walls of the combustion chamber must be periodically cleaned

Types of liquid fuel models

All liquid fuel boilers can be classified according to the following criteria: scope of application, functionality, type of adjustment, material of manufacture, type of fuel used and installation method.

Household and industrial units

The main indicator that determines whether a boiler installation belongs to one of the types is power. Household models are available with power from 6 to 230 kW. This is enough to heat small houses with an area of 50 square meters. m and large country cottages of 2200 sq. m.

The performance indicator determines the fuel consumption in an liquid fuel heating boiler - about 1 kg of diesel fuel per hour is required to generate 10 kW of heat. Household units are designed for a maximum permissible operating pressure of 4-6 bar.

The power of industrial liquid fuel boilers ranges from 500 to 12,000 kW. Heavy-duty models work to heat buildings with an area of more than 15 thousand square meters. m. The control of industrial heating units is fully automated.

Industrial boiler equipment is divided into hot water and steam boilers. The former heat water under pressure, and the latter generate superheated or saturated steam.

High-power heat generators are used in block-modular boiler houses - autonomous stations for generating steam and heat. Steam generators are in demand in the food and furniture industries, wood processing, oil production and feed production

Single- and double-circuit heating boilers

Single-circuit boilers are intended exclusively for heating the premises. They are connected to radiators, and the coolant circulates through a closed heating system. Such a unit does not heat water for domestic consumption - this must be taken care of separately by installing a boiler.

Double-circuit models are more functional. Boilers provide heating of the house and supply of warm water to different water intake points (shower, washbasin, etc.). The design of the equipment provides an additional heat exchanger to provide hot water supply.

Double-circuit boilers are equipped with an instantaneous water heater or storage boiler. When using a “flow”, the water will be colder than with a built-in storage tank

Types of equipment by regulation method

The boiler operating mode is determined by the type of burner installed. According to the type of adjustment, all devices are divided into several groups:

single stage;
two- and three-stage;
modulated.

Single-stage modules operate on the principle of alternating on and off. After heating the coolant to a certain temperature, the flame goes out, and after cooling, the burner turns on again. Such burners are ineffective and lead to excessive fuel consumption.

“Single mode” burners are installed on boilers with a power of no more than 200 kW. Leading companies are gradually abandoning their use

Two- and three-stage devices operate in the following modes:

Two-stage modules operate at 30 and 100% power. After heating the water to maximum, the burner switches to a reduced output mode. This allows you to reduce fuel consumption by 5-10%.
Three-stage ones operate at 30-60-100% power. The efficiency and high thermal efficiency of the device are achieved.

Modulated - the fuel combustion process is regulated automatically. The intensity of the flame is influenced by: the temperature inside and outside the building, the quality of the fuel and the set mode. The range of power changes is 10-100% of performance.

Microprocessor automation determines the composition of the fuel-air mixture, the optimal rate of fuel supply to the injectors and pressure.

Fifth generation boilers are equipped with modulating burners. Compared to two- and three-stage devices, they are 15% more economical

Cast iron or steel heat exchangers

Manufacturers equip heating units with cast iron or steel heat exchangers. The material of manufacture affects the efficiency and durability of the boiler.

Cast iron models have a long service life - more than 30 years. However, they are quite “capricious” and can crack if there is a critical temperature difference between the “return” and “supply”. The temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water should not exceed 20°C.

If the boiler will be used periodically, for example, during visits to the country, then it is better to choose a model with a steel heat exchanger. Heat-resistant steel is less durable, but withstands temperature changes.

A boiler with a steel heat exchanger is cheaper than its counterpart with a cast iron module. Steel models are presented in the product line of Kiturami and Viessmann

Types of boilers by fuel type

Diesel (diesel) or waste oil is most often used as a fuel material in liquid fuel boilers. Externally, diesel plants do not differ from their counterparts working in “working off”. The main difference is in the technical component.

The boiler uses clean, certified diesel fuel to operate. When burning fuel, the formation of ash is minimal. This allows the design to use a firebox and smoke pipes of smaller diameter.

The combustion of used oil results in a large emission of ash. In “exhaust” boilers, there is no turbulator inside the smoke tubes, and all sediment is deposited in a special smoke collection chamber.

Devices operating on waste oil use transmission and motor oils from automobiles. It is advisable to install such boilers at service stations, agricultural machinery depots and automobile enterprises.

Floor and wall models

Depending on the installation method, there are wall-mounted and floor-mounted units. Mounted boilers are compact, easy to install, but low in productivity. Their power is enough to heat a room whose area does not exceed 300 sq.m.

Floor-standing liquid fuel boilers are more bulky and efficient. These include all industrial units and high-power household models.

Review of models from leading companies

A worthy niche in the heating equipment market is occupied by liquid fuel boilers from foreign manufacturers: ACV, EnergyLogyc, Buderos Logano, Saturn, Ferolli and Viessmann. Among domestic companies, Lotos and TEP-Holding have proven themselves well.

Universal boilers ACV Delta Pro

The Belgian company ACV sells models of the Delta Pro S line - double-circuit boilers with a built-in boiler. The power of heating units ranges from 25 to 56 kW.

Delta Pro S boilers are supplied with a burner of the buyer’s choice - either model BMV1 for liquid fuel or BG2000 for propane and natural gas

Technical and operational features:

heat exchanger material – steel;
polyurethane foam insulation of the body;
operation on diesel fuel or gas;
control panel with thermometer, control thermostat.

The liquid fuel boiler “adjusts” to the season - a “winter/summer” switch is provided.

The efficiency of Delta Pro S boilers is 92.8%. The water heating time for the DHW system depends on the power of the installation and ranges from 16 to 32 minutes

EnergyLogyc units – intelligent automation

Waste oil boilers from the American company EnergyLogyc differ from their analogues in the automated processes of setting up the burner and burning fuel. The fuel used is waste oil, diesel fuel, vegetable oil or kerosene.

The device has increased the size of the firebox and the cross-section of the smoke pipes - this makes it possible to effectively use “working off” and reduces the number of boiler cleaning jobs

EnergyLogyc liquid fuel units are available in three modifications:

EL-208B – power 58.3 kW, fuel consumption – 5.3 l/h,
EL-375B – performance 109 kW, fuel consumption – 10.2 l/h;
EL-500B – thermal power – 146 kW, fuel consumption – 13.6 l/h.

The maximum coolant temperature in the presented models is 110°C, operating pressure is 2 bar.

The EL-208B boiler is suitable for heating premises for various purposes: cottages, greenhouses, car services, production shops, warehouses, private homes and offices

Buderos Logano – German quality

The Buderos company (Germany) produces diesel boilers, nozzles, burners and other equipment necessary for operating the heating system. The range of power characteristics of the units is 25-1200 kW.

The efficiency of Buderos liquid fuel boilers is 92-96%. The equipment operates in fully automatic mode, the fuel material is diesel fuel. Heat exchanger made of gray cast iron or steel

Buderos Logano boiler systems are produced in two series:

Buderos Logano category “G” - intended for private use, their power is 25-95 kW;
Buderos Logano category “S” - equipment for industrial use.

The units are distinguished by a streamlined design, a convenient control system, and a built-in silencer.

Buderos Logano domestic boilers are supplied with built-in and adjusted diesel fuel burners. The device can be equipped with a pump group, a security system and an expansion tank

Boilers from the Korean company Kiturami

Kiturami Turbo series floor-standing double-circuit boilers are designed for domestic use. The power of the units is 9-35 kW. Distinctive features of the model:

provision of heating and hot water supply for premises up to 300 sq.m;
the boiler heat exchanger is made of high-alloy steel;
the additional DHW heat exchanger consists of 99% copper, which increases heating efficiency;
Antifreeze and water are suitable as coolants.

A distinctive feature of Turbo models is the presence of a turbocyclone burner. It operates on the principle of a turbocharged car engine.

In a special metal board, secondary combustion occurs due to high temperature. This allows for economical fuel consumption and reduces the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere.

Kiturami Turbo can operate in the following modes: “Shower”, “Sleep”, “Presence”, “Work/Check” and “Timer”. The control panel is located on the front side of the case

Video about the operation of liquid fuel boilers

Watching videos will help you understand the design and operating principle of liquid fuel heating units.

Comparison of a diesel boiler and a unit operating on “exhaust”:

Operating principle of Kiturami Turbo 30R:

What is the best connection for heating radiators in a private house?

Types of diesel boilers

diesel boilers;
universal units, they provide the ability to switch from diesel to natural gas;
diesel fuel condensing boilers;
installations that burn all types of waste oils.

For reference. Most of these installations can also operate on liquid biological fuel, which is obtained from industrial crops (biodiesel). This option can be very useful if such an energy source is available to you.

Some homeowners who are looking for a heating boiler believe that they can also burn waste from their car in a diesel boiler. This is the wrong approach, and for the following reasons:

Not every burner device operates on contaminated oils.
The calorific value of liquid fuel is much higher than that of waste oils. Accordingly, the areas of heat transfer surfaces are calculated for liquid fuel; during combustion, the efficiency will be significantly lower.
During combustion, the exhaust emits significantly more soot, which settles throughout the entire smoke duct. This can be a big problem when maintaining and cleaning smoke pipes.

If the area of the heated room or building is less than 200 m2, and in the near future you expect connection to a gas pipeline, then you should not rush to purchase a universal heater.

Device and principle of operation

As mentioned above, liquid fuel heating boilers are structurally similar to two-pass and three-pass gas boilers. Due to their design, the products are produced in a floor-standing design.

For reference. In boiler installations with a fire tube heat exchanger, combustion products can change the direction of movement several times, making several passes through the fire tubes and intensively transferring heat to the water jacket. Based on the number of strokes, the heat exchanger is assigned a characteristic - three-pass or two-pass.

device of a Viessmann boiler operating on liquid fuel

A – external thermal insulation shell; B – heat exchange surfaces of flame tubes; C – combustion chamber; D – electronic control unit; E – burner mouth swarm.

Diesel burner drawing

Diesel burner operation

Brief description of the work process

Advantages and disadvantages

High efficiency indicator, the efficiency of the units is in the range of 90-97%.
Lack of inertia when switched off, which will protect the coolant from overheating.
A high level of automation (in foreign units), thanks to which it is possible to organize weather-dependent control of home heating.
Possibility of switching to natural gas by replacing the burner.
Small overall dimensions allow the heater to be installed in a small room.

Conclusion

When arranging heating systems for country households, a liquid fuel boiler is particularly successful, as it is distinguished by its high power, rationality and efficiency. The device allows you to achieve autonomy from main networks, provides impressive automation scenarios for operation, you only need to control the availability of fuel in the storage facility.

The equipment consists of the following functional elements:

burner,
compact combustion chamber,
plate chimney,
fortified body,
innovative control unit,
sectional heat exchanger.

As the core of this category of equipment, a fan liquid fuel burner provides the preparation of a mixture of fuel interspersed with air, directing it in a given quantity for the further operation of the heat generator. The standard equipment of the device includes:

control unit – controls the startup, operating processes and termination of the burner;
an ignition transformer is necessary for the production of caviar, which causes the fuel to ignite;
solenoid valve – regulates the fuel supply;
air regulator - a filtration device to ensure correct input of air flows;
preheater – liquefies viscous fuel to ensure economical fuel consumption;
pipe - the fuel overflow unit is connected to the fuel heating tank;
flame tube - thermal energy moves through it to the place where the coolant is heated.

Modifications of liquid fuel heating boilers with a built-in burner are available, but they do not provide scenarios for increasing the power of the device. If you purchase equipment with a mounted working segment, the burner adjustment is certainly carried out by a professional at the site of future use of the equipment.

The combustion chamber is a heat-resistant structure; its cross-section can be rectangular or round. The element is equipped with inlet and exhaust ports.

The coolant is heated by transferring the thermal energy generated during combustion through the durable walls of the heat exchanger. It is important that the front section of the device is equipped with a burner and a door. The power of boiler equipment is directly dependent on the number of heat exchanger sections present and its surface area.

Smoke ducts are equipped with steel plates to reduce the speed of exhaust flows to improve the efficiency of the equipment while maintaining draft.

The automated control unit system is designed to maintain specified temperature conditions. Improved modifications of the devices include weather-dependent units that are capable of adjusting the heating process of the coolant depending on the readings of external temperature sensors.

The durable thermal insulation housing helps reduce heat loss and increases the efficiency of the unit.

Pros and cons of liquid fuel heat generators

The key advantages of boilers operating on liquid fuel include the ability to efficiently heat a room and technical excellence. The following competitive advantages of equipment in this category are also noted:

high productivity with economical consumption of fuel resources. Efficiency varies in the range of 85-95%;
high power of the unit. Using a liquid fuel heat generator, you can heat both compact housing and spacious households or large-scale production facilities;
independence from the power grid, with the exception of electricity. But here too the problem is solved with the help of generator sets. The device is capable of working completely autonomously;
high level of automation systems. If there is a sufficient amount of fuel, the equipment operates smoothly without human intervention. In case of possible disturbances in the work process, an emergency shutdown of the unit is triggered;
Modern equipment models provide the possibility of switching to gas fuel.
Another important plus is that there is no need to coordinate and obtain permission to install a heat generator of this category.

The main disadvantages of using liquid fuel heating boilers are associated with the difficulties of arranging a storage facility for combustible resources. This requires the construction of a separate building. Most often, an underground warehouse is equipped in the form of tanks made of transparent plastic or steel containers.

To operate the heat generator, it is necessary to equip a separate room with a powerful exhaust hood to ensure good ventilation. High-quality sound insulation of the boiler room will be required if it is located close to the house, since the operation of a diesel burner is associated with characteristic noise.

The big disadvantage of heating units in this category is the significant cost of purchasing fuel. This is especially noticeable during intensive use of equipment.

Liquid fuel for boilers

Units in this category are capable of operating on different types of liquid fuel. This includes diesel fuel, waste oils, mixtures of these substances, and liquefied gas. To operate a diesel heat generator, special heating kerosene is used. In waste oil installations, transmission fluids, motor oils, and lubricating fluids on a mandatory mineral or synthetic basis are used. Certain models of liquid fuel boilers for a private home can be converted to gas fuel.

An appliance operating on waste oil must be cleaned every 2-3 days, a solar boiler - half as often. The average consumption of diesel fuel for heating a house with an area of 100 m²/year is 4-5 tons, while the waste required is 6-7 tons.

Types and features of liquid fuel heating devices

The power of domestic models of boiler systems varies in the range from 6 kW to 230 kW. This condition allows you to select suitable equipment for heating small houses with an area of 50 square meters. m and spacious cottages up to 2.2 thousand square meters. m.

The power of industrial liquid fuel units ranges from 500-12,000 kW. Heavy-duty devices are capable of serving a building with an area of more than 15 thousand square meters. m.

Industrial boiler devices are divided into 2 categories:

liquid fuel hot water boilers. The installation involves heating water under pressure;
liquid fuel steam boilers – generate superheated or saturated steam.

Steam generators are used in woodworking and oil production, in the furniture and food industries, in the production of animal feed and other areas. Powerful models of heat generators are in demand in block-modular boiler houses specializing in the generation of heat and steam.

Based on the design principle, liquid fuel appliances are divided into single-circuit and double-circuit models. The first ones are intended exclusively for heating the room; they are connected to radiators in which the coolant circulates through a closed heating system of the house. To ensure hot water supply, it is necessary to install a boiler, since single-circuit boilers do not heat water for domestic consumption.

The design of dual-circuit units provides an additional heat exchanger, which makes the equipment more functional. Such a device is capable of simultaneously supplying hot water to several water intake points in addition to heating the house.

Installation of a liquid fuel boiler

Installation of a liquid fuel appliance for heating a private home is carried out taking into account fire safety requirements and building codes:

the boiler room must have natural and artificial lighting, as well as forced supply and exhaust ventilation;
Only non-combustible materials are used for cladding indoor surfaces. It is also necessary to take care of sound insulation;
The installation of a liquid fuel heating boiler is carried out taking into account fire safety gaps. When installing a chimney through the wall and roof slabs, the pipe is installed in a special groove.

A room with sufficient area is allocated for the boiler room to ensure comfortable operation and maintenance of the equipment.

Popular models of liquid fuel boilers for private homes

The Kiturami STS Oil model comes from a South Korean heating system manufacturer. The products are of excellent quality, although they are sold in the inexpensive segment, which determines the demand for boiler equipment of this brand. The devices are made of stainless steel, prices are presented in the range of 29,000 rubles.

Olympia OLB: the power of boiler equipment of the Korean brand starts from 11 kW. The presence of a built-in burner results in a low noise level when the unit operates. Boilers with a power of 40 kW or more are equipped with a burner with gear pumps. The cost of products, depending on the modification of the devices, varies in the range of 38,000-50,000 rubles.

Bison 30NL/40NL/50NL from Protherm from Slovakia is a heating system with the function of providing hot water for domestic use. It is possible to convert the unit for natural gas, subject to the purchase of a special burner. The devices are presented in the price range of 46,000-75,000 rubles.

The GT 123 model of the French brand De Dietrich is made of cast iron, the average cost of production is 71,000 rubles. The manufacturer offers a series of models with power from 21 to 39 kW. To adjust the operation of the installation, a manual, remote or automatic system is provided. The boilers can be converted in the future to operate on gas.

Brand Delta Pro 25/45/55 from the Belgian brand ACV: the installations of this manufacturer are designed to heat a house and provide residents with hot water. The equipment can be converted to use gas fuel. The cost of offers varies between 160,000-200,000 rubles.